Academic literature on the topic 'Tripitaka'

In 1937, the printing of the Tripitaka Koreana was carried out under the supervision of Gyeongseong Imperial University professor Dakahasi Toru(高橋亨) through the cooperation of the Japanese Government- General of Korea at the request and praying of KangDeok-je, the emperor of Manchukuo.
 In 1935, the KangDe Emperor visited Japan and observed old books and paintings from Joseon, China, and Japan in the collections of the Palace Museum and Jesil Museum, and was interested in the Goryeo Tripitaka and the Hwangbyeokpan Tripitaka. In 1936, the KangDe Emperor requested the Japanese Government-General of Korea to print the Tripitaka Koreana. It is presumed that Kang Deok-je's request for printing the Tripitaka was based on his devout Buddhist faith, and that he wished for merit or reward through the printing of the Tripitaka, a compilation of Buddhism.
 The printing of the Tripitaka in 1937 was requested by the KangDe Emperor, but 2 sets of Tripitaka were printed with one copy for the Central Buddhist College. In addition, the items required for printing were produced in Joseon, and printing and binding were performed by Joseon people in the traditional way of Joseon.
 Preparation for printing began in June 1937, printing was done from September 2nd to October 17th, and binding and box production were completed by December 1937. The Tripitaka arrived in Manchukuo on January 19, 1938. What was sent to the KangDe Emperor was 1,163 books of the Tripitaka, 3 lists, and 48 boxes, as well as 2 books of Daegakguksa-munjib大覺國師文集 and 1 book of Haejangsa-sajinjang 海印寺寫眞帳 in Haeinsa. The printed version was enshrined in Manchukuo and Bohyeonsa in Mt. Myohyang, Pyongan-do, and the Tripitaka in Manchukuo is unknown.
 Regarding the characteristics of the printing of the Tripitaka in 1937, the missing scriptures and supplementation of missing letters were reviewed. At the time of printing in 1937, 18 plates were engraved again with the intention of reproducing the original plate of the Goryeo Dynasty for the re-engraved plate to supplement the missing plate in 1915. The missing letters due to the damage of the Tripitaka scriptures were supplemented using 1,017 letters in 136 places produced in 1915.

Tripitaka is the world’s most comprehensive version of Buddhist sutra. There are limited numbers of Tripitaka currently preserved, most of them present various patterns of degradation. As little is known about the materials and crafts used in Tripitaka, it appeared necessary to identify them, and to further define adapted conservation treatment. In this work, a study concerning the paper source and dyestuff of the Tripitaka from approximate 16th century was carried out using fiber analysis and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results proved that the papers were mainly made from hemp or bark of mulberry tree, and indigo was used for colorizing the paper. At the end, we provide with suggestions for protecting and restoring the ancient Tripitaka.

AbstractThis study aims to determine how the Holy Qur'an and Tripitaka respond to the phenomena of blasphemy. This study employs a qualitative research method with a library approach to achieve this purpose. The data originated from two sources: primary sources and secondary sources. This study used a descriptive-comparative analysis model to analyze the data. The study's findings reveal an agreement prohibiting the reviling, insulting, and degrading of the noble values held by each religion. In terms of how the two holy scriptures respond to blasphemers, they have distinct and often opposing narratives. The Qur'an promotes a rigid approach, but the Tripitaka suggests correcting erroneous interpretations for perpetrators of religious distortion.Keywords: Al-qur’an; Blasphemy; Comparative; Tripitaka. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan perspektif kitab suci al-Qur’an dan Tripitaka dalam merespon fenomena penistaan agama. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tekhnik pustaka. Data-data yang menjadi otoritas penelitian ditemukan melalui dua sumber, yakni sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Sebagai pisau analisa data, penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis deskriptif-komparatif. Dari pengkajian yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan hasil berupa kesepakatan larangan mencaci, menghina dan merendahkan konsep luhur yang diyakini oleh setiap agama. Terhadap respon bagi pelaku penistaan agama, kedua kitab suci memiliki narasi khas yang cenderung berbeda. Al-qur’an lebih menekankan kepada sikap tegas, sementara Tripitaka menganjurkan untuk memberikan koreksi terhadap interpretasi yang keliru bagi pelaku pendistorsian agama. Kata Kunci: Al-qur’an; Komparatif; Penistaan Agama; Tripitaka.

AbstractThis essay draws on economic information in the colophons and catalogues of the Jiaxing Tripitaka to examine the fluctuations of its costs and price in the late Ming and early Qing. The price of the texts included in the Jiaxing Tripitaka increased from the mid-seventeenth century onwards, as did the costs for transcribing and carving wood-blocks. Relative to the value of rice in the Yangzi Delta from 1589 to 1715, the value of a volume of the Tripitaka generally rose. Yet the relative value of a book is not the same as its affordability, which is determined by the book's price, its value relative to other commodities, the real income of the purchaser, and other economic and non-economic elements. It is hoped that this investigation will contribute new views to the history of books in late imperial China. Cette étude se fonde sur les données de nature économique contenues dans les colophons et les catalogues du Tripitaka publié à Jiaxing pour étudier les variations de par son coût de production et de son prix de vente à la fin des Ming et au début des Qing. Le prix des ouvrages inclus dans le Tripitaka de Jiaxing a augmenté à partir du milieu du XVIIe siècle, de même que le coût de la transcription et de la gravure. La valeur des volumes du Tripitaka s'est en général accrue par rapport à celle du riz dans le delta du Yangzi entre 1589 et 1715. Cependant la valeur relative d'un livre n'est pas la même chose que son accessibilité, déterminée par le prix de l'ouvrage, sa valeur par rapport à d'autres produits, le revenu réel de l'acheteur, ainsi que d'autres facteurs économiques ou non. L'on espère que cette recherche apportera de nouveaux éléments à l'histoire du livre dans la Chine impériale tardive.

A number of surveys have shown a trend towards radicalism and intolerance, especially in relation to cases of harmony in social life between religious communities. This research aims to foster interfaith dialogue efforts by comparing the messages contained in the Holy Qur'an and Tripitaka as a basis for religious moderation. This research is a library research that uses a descriptive-comparative approach to observe the comparison of values and messages of religious moderation contained in the Qur'an and Tripitaka. The results show that in the implementation of the values in the Tripitaka, Buddhism emphasises the aspect of mysticism. In contrast, Islam in the Qur'an highlights the practical aspects that can be the foundation for living a just, harmonious and peaceful life.

This paper analyzes the characteristics of the so-called "Suchangpan" and it’s succession. In Haeinsa, there remains the wood block, “Suchangpan” made in 1098. The hinge wasn’t used in “Suchangpan”, there was a pronunciation at the end of the volume, the bottom had a rough engraving, and the index was described in the first of the volume. Based on these characteristics, as a result of analyzing the 35th edition of Avatamsaka Sutra Woodblock Translated by Buddhabhadra in Haeinsa, it was confirmed that two of the 35th edition were “Suchangpan”, and the 26th edition was likely to be ones.</br>Meanwhile, through the analysis of engraver, the shape of the wood block, and the presence of some letters of Tripitaka Koreana in back side of Avatamsaka Sutra Woodblock translated by Buddhabhadra, it was confirmed that the three edition of Avatamsaka Sutra Woodblock(Saganpan) was engraved at least 5 years earlier than the year, 1237 when the Tripitaka Koreana began to engrave</br>The Avatamsaka Sutra Woodblock(Saganpan) translated by Buddhabhadra in Haeinsa, was a reprint of the Suchangpan, and Tripitaka Koreana was a reprint of Avatamsaka Sutra Woodblock in Haeinsa. Haeinsae, a Huayan temple, has been a major engraving site of Avatamsaka Sutra Woodblock since the end of the 11th century, which lasted until the 13th century when Tripitaka Koreana was produced.

Haeinsa temple is famous for over 80 000 wooden printing blocks of Buddhist scriptures called Tripitaka Koreana and its storage halls, both of which have been registered as the world cultural heritages by UNESCO. The objective of the present paper is to investigate the ventilation flow in the storage halls of Tripitaka Koreana in the case of building rearrangement in Haeinsa temple. Three-dimensional flow simulations were performed with the detailed geometry of all buildings in the temple. The slatted windows on walls of the storage halls and Tripitaka Koreana stored in the shelves inside the storage halls were modeled in detail to predict reliable ventilation performance. A tree canopy model was also adopted to take into account of the effect of the forest surrounding the temple. Wind velocities as inlet boundary condition were imposed from meteorological statistical data. The numerical results were obtained for the effects of the wind direction, wind speed and tree canopy model on the ventilation performance of the storage halls. It was shown from the numerical results that the ventilation flow distribution at the storage halls in the case of building rearrangement would not be significantly altered compared to that before rearrangement.