Academic literature on the topic 'Tripoli (Mineral)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tripoli (Mineral)"
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Gamko, L. N., A. G. Menyakina, and E. A. Mitsurina. "NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND NITROGEN UTILIZATION OF LACTATING COWS WHEN RECEIVING A FOOD MIXTURE WITH MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy 206 (March 25, 2022): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-1-194-199.
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The article presents results of studies on giving natural mineral additives from the deposits of Oryol (Stimulus) and Bryansk regions (smectite tripoli) in the composition of the feed mixture to lactating cows of the second lactation of the black-and-white breed in the agricultural enterprise OOO "Mololchnoye" of Bryansk region. A comparative analysis of the effect of two dosages of their inclusion in the ration - 3 and 4% of the dry matter without changing their energy nutritional value on productivity, digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen usage in the organism of lactating cows was carried out. A positive effect on the level of milk productivity of both natural mineral additives was found, however, more significant changes in protein and lipid metabolism occurred in the body of cows who received smectite tripol as part of the feed mixture at a dose of 4% of the dry matter of the ration. Thus, the dry matter digestibility coefficients, including organic matter, as well as protein and crude fat digestibility coefficients of lactating cows that received smectite tripoli (4%) significantly exceeded similar parameters in all experimental groups. Based on the results of the balance experiment, a positive nitrogen balance of lactating cows of all groups was established. Concurrently, a redistribution of digested nitrogen with a higher transformation into products was noted, which is confirmed by a large percentage of its transition into milk (10.3%). This redistribution of nitrogen in the body of lactating cows of the experimental groups became possible due to its lower retention in the body (by 5.9% due to "Stimulus" additive and by 11.0% - smectite tripoli). Therefore, based on the obtained experimental data, it is possible to recommend to include smectite tripoli natural mineral additive at a dose of 4% of the dry matter of the ration into the feed mixture for lactating cows.
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Lukuttsova, N. P., S. N. Golovin, and P. A. Artamonov. "Heavy concrete with mineral additive tripoli." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 687 (December 10, 2019): 022033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/687/2/022033.
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Popov, A. V., D. V. Bukhtoyarov, D. V. Poltavets, and S. Yu Khatuntseva. "Application of the Natural Mineral in Firefighting — Zeolite-Containing Tripoli." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 2 (February 2022): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2022-2-70-75.
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Variants of using tripoli from the Khotynets deposit of the Oryol region as a sorbent for combustible liquids are proposed and tested. Prototype of a fire-extinguishing powder was made, the basis of fire-extinguishing powder is ammophos with the addition of 20 % tripoli. It is also recommended to use tripoli as a filler for fire barrier strips to contain the spread of smoldering combustion of organic dispersed materials. Experimental studies are presented related to the quantitative assessment of the sorption capacity of tripoli samples with a dispersion of: granules — 1–3 mm, powder — 0.2–1 mm, dust — 0–100 microns. The possibility of its use at the industrial facilities as a sorbent of combustible liquids with high quantitative indicators is established. Laboratory and field fire tests were carried out concerning the prototype of fire-extinguishing powder based on ammophos with the addition of 20 % tripoli. The test results indicate that this fire-extinguishing powder meets all the requirements of GOST R 53280.4—2009 and has a good fire extinguishing ability. Also presented are the results of experimental studies on the prevention of the spread for smoldering combustion of the organic dispersed materials. It is advisable to use zeolite-containing tripoli from the Khotynets deposit of the Oryol region as an additive in the fire-extinguishing powder to increase fluidity. In addition, it can be used as a sorbent for flammable combustible and toxic liquids in case of their emergency spillage at the industrial facilities. At the same time, both as an additive in the fire-extinguishing powder and as a sorbent it shows high efficiency of use. Also, in its pure form, it can be used as a filling of fire barrier strips to curb the spread of smoldering combustion of the organic dispersed materials.
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Azzaro, E., A. Bellanca, and R. Neri. "Clay mineral studies of the Tripoli Formation (Lower Messinian), Sicily." Clay Minerals 23, no. 3 (September 1988): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1988.023.3.08.
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AbstractThe characterization of clay mineral assemblages in the diatomite-dominated Tripoli Formation (Lower Messinian, central Sicily) has resulted in delineation of suites dominated by generally well-crystallized dioctahedral smectite and illite of low crystallinity, with lesser amounts of kaolinite and chlorite. These minerals are thought to have a mainly detrital origin related to the calcareous and marly formations exposed in the margins of the depositional area. Vertical fluctuations of the montmorillonite/illite ratio and changes of the crystallinity and chemical composition of these phyllosilicates support environmental interpretations from isotopic data of associated carbonates, and point to a wide variability of depositional conditions ranging from evaporating to brackish. Early diagenesis of the clay minerals was controlled by the primary composition of the sediment which, in turn, affected the porewater chemistry.
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Eliseev, I. P., L. V. Eliseeva, O. A. Vasiliev, V. L. Dimitriev, A. G. Lozhkin, and N. A. Fadeeva. "The role of zeolites in increasing the efficiency of fertilizers in the cultivation of agricultural crops and the sustainable development of the environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 022019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/2/022019.
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Abstract The paper considers the issues of preserving and expanding the reproduction of soil fertility for obtaining high yields of agricultural crops, identifies ways to solve the problem of ecologizing the agricultural landscape by introducing horny hoofed crumbs as an alternative to the mineral form of nitrogen fertilizer and zeolite-containing tripoli as a sorption-type soil improver, as in direct action, and aftereffect. The results of the study revealed the role of the applied fertilizers in increasing the leaf surface area of potato and fodder beet plants, led to an increase in the biological activity of the soil, contributed to the improvement of the quality indicators of the obtained products (dry matter content, nitrates), increased the productivity of cultivated row crops, as in the year of fertilization and endured, and in the aftereffect on barley. The conducted bioenergetic assessment of the studied fertilizers and zeolite-containing tripoli against the background of phosphorus-potassium mineral fertilizers determined the most effective options with the use of horn-hoofed crumbs and tripoli, both independently and when applied together.
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Yurmazova, Tatyana, Nina Shakhova, and Hoang Tran Tuan. "Adsorption of inorganic ions from aqueous solutions using mineral sorbent - tripoli." MATEC Web of Conferences 85 (2016): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20168501017.
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ЕРОФЕЕВ, В. Т., А. И. РОДИН, Р. Р. БИКБАЕВ, and А. А. ПИКСАЙКИНА. "RESEARCH OF PROPERTIES OF PORTLAND CEMENT WITH ACTIVE MINERAL ADDITIVE ON THE BASIC OF TRIPOLI." ВЕСТНИК ПОВОЛЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. СЕРИЯ: МАТЕРИАЛЫ. КОНСТРУКЦИИ. ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, no. 3(11) (September 6, 2019): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25686/2542-114x.2019.3.7.
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В настоящее время производители неорганических вяжущих как России, так и за рубежом выпускают разнообразные цементы: гидрофобный, сульфатостойкий, тампонажный, расширяющийся, кислотоупорный, глиноземистый и другие, выбираемые для применения с учетом эксплуатационных условий в зданиях и сооружениях. Расширение минеральносырьевой базы при производстве смешанных вяжущих за счет использования местных осадочных горных пород (диатомит, трепел, опока) актуальная задача современного строительного материаловедения. Данные породы, как правило, содержат кремнезем, цеолиты, кварц, известняк, компоненты в виде слюд и др., а следовательно, активность данных пород в цементах может иметь комплексное действие. Цель данной работы получение цементов с активными минеральными добавками на основе трепела месторождения близ с. Енгалычево Дубенского района Республики Мордовия, а также подтверждение комплексного характера активности данной добавки. В результате расчета tкритерия активности трепела в соответствии с ГОСТ 2509494 установлено, что рассматриваемая добавка может быть эффективно использована в качестве активной минеральной при производстве портландцемента. Методами термического анализа выявлены особенности фазовых превращений в цементном камне в зависимости от времени гидратации модифицированных цементов. В ходе проведенного термического анализа гидратированных цементов идентифицированы эндоэффект при температуре около 200 С, который соответствует образовавшемуся в результате взаимодействия гидроксида кальция с гейландитом гидроалюмосиликату кальция типа C2ASH8, а также экзотермический эффект при температуре около 900 С, соответствующий кристаллизации силикатов и алюминатов кальция. Установленные особенности гидратации цемента с активной минеральной добавкой подтверждают ее комплексный характер активности . Определены физикомеханические свойства модифицированных цементов, цементных паст и композитов на их основе. Установлено, что рациональное содержание трепела в составе портландцемента должно находиться в пределах 1020 от массы вяжущего. Максимальный предел прочности при сжатии в данном случае равен 54,5 МПа, при изгибе 7,7 МПа, что на 36 больше предела прочности при сжатии и почти на 10 больше предела прочности при изгибе бездобавочного состава. Manufacturers of inorganic binders, both in Russia and abroad, are currently producing a variety of cements: hydrophobic, sulfateresistant, grouting, expanding, acidresistant, alumina and a number of others selected depending on the operating conditions in buildings and structures. The expansion of mineral resource base in the production of mixed binders through the use of local sedimentary rocks (diatomite, tripoli, flask) is an urgent task of modern construction materials science. These rocks usually contain silica, zeolites, quartz, limestone, components in the form of mica, etc. Therefore, the activity of these rocks in cements can have a complex effect. The aim of this work was to obtain cements with active mineral additives on the basis of diatomaceous earth deposits near the village of Engalychevo, Dubensky district, the Republic of Mordovia, as well as confirmation of the complex nature of the activity of this additive. As a result of calculation of tcriterion of tripoli activity in accordance with GOST 2509494, it has been found out that the considered additive can be effectively used as an active mineral in the production of Portland cement. The features of phase transformations in cement stone depending on the hydration time of modified cements are revealed by the methods of thermal analysis. During the performed thermal analysis of hydrated cements, the endoeffect at 200 C has been revealed. It corresponds to the result of the interaction of calcium hydroxide with heulandite hydroaluminate of calcium type C2ASH8. Additionally exothermic effect at about 900 C corresponds to crystallization of silicates and aluminates of calcium. The revealed features of cement hydration with active mineral additive confirm its complex nature of activity. Physical and mechanical properties of modified cements, cement pastes and composites based on them have been determined. It has been established that the rational content of the diatomaceous earth in the composition of the Portland cement must be within 1020 by weight of the binder. The maximum compressive strength in this case is 54.5 MPa, bending 7.7MPa, which is 36 more than the compressive strength and almost 10 more than the bending strength of the nonadditive composition.
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Kochish, Ivan I., Petr A. Krasochko, Elena A. Kapitonova, Aleksandr A. Lysenko, Roman A. Krivonos, and Oleg Yu Chernykh. "Hygiene of microbiota of broiler chickens with introduction of sorbent additive based on tripoli." Veterinaria Kubani, no. 6 (December 16, 2020): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33861/2071-8020-2020-6-25-27.
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Currently, mycotoxicosis and losses of poultry farming from non-communicable diseases are not a solved problem. The microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens, under the influence of the feed components, undergoes a qualitative change throughout the entire period of poultry growing. Authors in dynamics carried out studies to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota of broiler chickens and its response to the impact of the feed additive «MeKaSorb». Introduction of various sorbent additives into the diet, including those based on tripoli, improves detoxification processes, regulates mineral, enzyme, hormonal and vitamin metabolism in the body of poultry. Ensuring maximum hygiene of the broiler microbiota allows to reduce the toxic load on the body of young poultry, ensure high safety of the livestock and get the maximum amount of products. Improving the sanitary quality and safety of food, as well as the prevention of diseases in poultry and humans is the most important task that must be addressed by the chief specialists at poultry farms. It has been established that the introduction of a patented additive-sorbent of mycotoxins based on tripoli «MeKaSorb» ensures the hygiene of the microbiota of broiler chickens, stimulates the growth and development of lacto- and bifidoflora, reduces the number of aerobic microorganisms and inhibits the reproduction and colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by bacteria of the intestinal group. Feed additive «MeKaSorb» is recommended for use in compound feeds for preventive purposes when growing poultry.
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Lam, Nguyen Doan Tung, and Svetlana V. Samchenko. "Complex modifier based on alumina cement and pozzolanic addition." Vestnik MGSU, no. 5 (May 2023): 709–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2023.5.709-716.
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Introduction. The most popular binders for the concrete production are inorganic binders. Composite binding agents (CB) based on Portland cement are increasingly being used to produce high-quality concretes, improve the efficiency of cement use in concrete, as well as to solve the problem of energy and resource saving by reducing the amount of clinker inthe cement composition.
Materials and methods. The properties of a composite binder consisting of Portland cement, alumina cement, natural gypsum and an active mineral additive, were studied. The Box – Wilson experiment design method was used. To determine the standard consistency of the cement paste, the standard test method was chosen according to GOST 310.3–76.The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Building Materials Science of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering.
Results. It was found that with the introduction of additives normal density of the cement paste increases. This is explained by the fact that the composition of the complex additive includes tripoli and alumina cement. Tripoli is a natural porous rock with a highly developed surface. Alumina cement has a great influence on the normal density and setting time as it reacts very quickly to form new hydration compounds in the first minute from the start of mixing the binder with water.The dependence of normal density on the quantitative content of additives is presented as a regression equation and surface image.
Conclusions. Based on the results of this study, in the future the authors will continue to study the properties of binders based on a complex expanding and pozzolanic addition.
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BARAKHOV, Anatoly, Natalia CHERNİKOVA, Tamara DUDNİKOVA, Andrey BARBASHEV, Svetlana SUSHKOVA, Saglara MANDZHİEVA, Vishnu D. RAJPUT, et al. "Role of sorbents in early growth of barley under copper and benzo(a)pyrene contaminated soils." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1177672.
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In modern economic and industrial realities, agricultural lands are often located next to industrial areas, which leads to soil contamination and, as a result, agricultural products with pollutants. Pollution of soils and plants by several pollutants of various nature has acquired huge proportions. There is a threat of migration of dangerous ecotoxicants, including heavy metals and benz[a]pyrene, one of the main persistent compounds, a marker of PAH soil contamination, along trophic chains that may be dangerous to public health. This study examines the use of various types of mineral sorbents (Tripoli, Brown coal, Diatomite) and mineral sorbents (Biochar, Granular activated coal) to reduce the toxic effects of pollutants on the sources of anthropogenic emissions of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adjacent to the sources. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was found that the sorbents have a high specific surface area. With the help of phytotesting in combined contaminated soils, the optimal dose of sorbent administration was determined at the level of 1% and 2% for various pollution variants. In addition, the analyzed sorbents are ordered by the effect of reducing the phytotoxicity of combined soil pollution. It was found that the introduction of sorbents into contaminated soil contributed to an increase in the morphometric parameters of the test culture - barley (Hordeum sativum distichum), which confirms the effectiveness of the sorption remediation of jointly contaminated soils with heavy metals and benz(a)pyrene.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tripoli (Mineral)"
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Mutahi, Kiama. "The United States, the Congo, and the mineral crisis of 1960-64:A triple entente of economic interest." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1376054002.
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Pereira, Synardo Leonardo de Oliveira. "AvaliaÃÃo dos tratamentos superficiais simples, duplo e triplo de rodovias atravÃs do emprego de diferentes agregados da regiÃo metropolitana de Fortaleza." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13399.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorO Tratamento Superficial por PenetraÃÃo (TSP) à um revestimento de pequena espessura e custo reduzido, constituÃdo pelo espalhamento de ligante betuminoso e agregado mineral e a subseqÃente compactaÃÃo. O TSP pode ser empregado como revestimento principal e/ou em atividades de manutenÃÃo e conservaÃÃo de rodovias existentes, representando, aproximadamente, 63% da malha rodoviÃria pavimentada estadual do CearÃ. Apesar de sua grande utilizaÃÃo, atualmente nÃo existe um processo de dosagem em laboratÃrio para verificaÃÃo do seu desempenho e definiÃÃo das melhores taxas de agregados e ligantes. Na prÃtica, a dosagem do TSP obedece Ãs taxas recomendadas pelas normas e ordens de serviÃos, ou ao bom senso e experiÃncia dos engenheiros rodoviÃrios. A presente dissertaÃÃo buscou desenvolver um mÃtodo de dosagem em laboratÃrio e atravÃs dele investigar o desempenho do TSP para diferentes agregados minerais da RegiÃo Metropolitana de Fortaleza (RMF), para o caso do Tratamento Superficial Simples (TSS), Duplo (TSD) e Triplo (TST). Os revestimentos de TSP foram avaliados atravÃs do desgaste sofrido por mantas submetidas ao ensaio Wet Track Abrasion Test (WTAT) e placas de solo-brita submetidas aos ensaios acelerados com o uso de simulador de trÃfego de laboratÃrio. Os ligantes empregados nos tratamentos superficiais foram a emulsÃo RR-2C e a modificada por polÃmero RR2C-E. Os agregados minerais estudados foram provenientes de 2 pedreiras da RegiÃo Metropolitana de Fortaleza, alÃm do agregado siderÃrgico (AS) que à um resÃduo da produÃÃo do aÃo. Os resultados indicaram que as mantas apresentaram valores satisfatÃrios para os desgastes sofridos e que, à luz do ensaio WTAT, nÃo houve melhoria no desempenho dos revestimentos que empregaram a emulsÃo modificada por polÃmero. As placas de TSD, submetidas ao simulador de trÃfego de laboratÃrio, apresentaram melhores resultados para o agregado 1 (gnaisse) com uso da emulsÃo modificada e o AS com emulsÃo convencional. Conclui-se que o mÃtodo desenvolvido para dosagem em laboratÃrio, aliado ao emprego dos ensaios acelerados, pode ser uma ferramenta para a determinaÃÃo das melhores taxas de agregados e ligantes, bem como para avaliar diferentes agregados e ligantes para uso em revestimentos do tipo TSP.
Asphalt Surface Treatment (AST) is a coating with small thickness and low cost, composed by spreading bituminous binder and mineral aggregate and subsequent compaction. AST can be utilized as the surface course of roads and/or in services of maintenance and conservation of highways, representing approximately 63% of Cearà stateâs paved road. Despite its high utilization, nowadays there is not a laboratory design process to verify the performance, and to determine the better aggregates and bituminous binder rates. In practice, the AST design process follows the recommended rates by technical standards or by the experience of engineers. This MSc Thesis developed a laboratory design method and investigated the performance of AST for different mineral aggregates of the Fortaleza Metropolitan Area, for the cases of Simple Surface Treatment (SST), Double Surface Treatment (DST) e Triple Surface Treatment (TST). The AST coatings were evaluated using the mass loss suffered by specimens submitted to the Wet Track Abrasion Test (WTAT) and plates of soil-gravel submitted to the laboratory traffic simulator. RR-2C emulsion and emulsion modified by polymer known as RR2C-E were used as asphalt binders. The mineral aggregates used were from two quarriy near Fortaleza. A third aggregate investigated was the steel slag, a waste of steel production. The results showed that the plaids presented satisfactory mass loss. Through the WTAT no improvement was noticed in the performance of the coatings that utilized RR2C-E. The DST samples, submitted to the laboratory traffic simulator, presented better results for the aggregate 1 (gneiss) using the RR2C-E and the steel slag with conventional emulsion. It was concluded that the method developed for laboratory design, combined with the use of the laboratory traffic simulator, can be a tool to determinate the best aggregates and bituminous binder rates, as well as to evaluate different aggregates and bituminous binders to use in AST coatings.
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Huerta, Valer Gustavo Sammy. "Análisis comparativo de la eficiencia de la triple iniciación electrónica en voladura versus la iniciación electrónica simple y doble en la explotación de un yacimiento cuprífero a cielo abierto." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Continental, 2019. http://repositorio.continental.edu.pe/handle/continental/5488.
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La presente tesis titulada: “Análisis comparativo de la eficiencia de la triple iniciación electrónica en voladura versus la iniciación electrónica simple y doble en la explotación de un yacimiento cuprífero a cielo abierto”, trata sobre un proceso de iniciación electrónica triple implementado, del cual se tiene la expectativa que mejore las capacidades de fragmentación de las rocas y el incremento en la generación de finos durante el proceso unitario de voladura en la operación de Minera Las Bambas. Como parte de la comparación entre los procesos de iniciación simple, doble y triple, la presente investigación ha pretendido la mejora de la eficiencia de la voladura empleando la iniciación electrónica triple en la explotación de un yacimiento cuprífero a cielo abierto, teniendo en consideración los registros documentarios de la operación en la cual se realizaron estas pruebas, primero a base de la correlación entre las variables y sobre la diferencia de los promedios de estas, las cuales son informaciones relevantes para esta investigación. Con una base de datos de los procesos productivos de la empresa que datan de enero del 2016 hasta junio del 2016, se hace uso de una metodología correlacional comparativa para contrastar la influencia de este cambio en base a los estadísticos t – Student. Con un nivel correlacional, los principales resultados de la investigación apuntan a una dominancia del proceso de iniciación triple sobre la iniciación doble y simple, teniendo una diferencia sustancial y estadísticamente significativa en el porcentaje de fragmentación de roca menor a 1”, siendo esta diferencia equivalente a 8.208% respecto de la iniciación doble y 19.77% respecto de la iniciación simple.
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Cóser, Sobrinho Inaiara. "Determinantes dos depósitos de patentes em ciências da vida e da saúde nas unversidades federais mineiras: uma análise de dados em painel para o período 1995-2016." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5640.
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Devido à natureza evolucionária do sistema econômico, as mudanças de paradigmas induzem aos padrões de crescimento chamados de ondas longas. Essas mudanças, que ocorrem em média a cada 50 anos, são ocasionadas pela inserção de inovações disruptivas que revolucionam incessantemente a estrutura econômica, destruindo o antigo e criando novos elementos, não apenas a nível econômico, mas institucional, organizacional e social. Na década de 90, com o desenvolvimento da microeletrônica e das tecnologias de comunicações, emergiu o paradigma da tecnologia da informação, caracterizado pela intensidade de informação que, transformada em conhecimento e inovação, desempenha um papel crucial para desenvolvimento. Entretanto, para que isso ocorra, é necessário que os países construam arranjos institucionais apropriados. Com isso, surge o modelo de sistemas de inovação da Tríplice Hélice. Este modelo compreende a inovação e o progresso técnico, numa Economia do Conhecimento, como o resultado de um conjunto complexo de relações entre universidade-empresa-governo, atores diretamente envolvidos na produção, distribuição e aplicação do conhecimento. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve o objetivo de identificar o impacto da produção de conhecimento e das políticas públicas para a produção de depósitos de patentes dos pesquisadores pertencentes ao domínio científico Ciências da Vida e da Saúde, das universidades federais mineiras. A análise considerou o período de 1995 a 2016. Para isso, foram utilizadas as técnicas de análise exploratória dos dados e de análise em painel. Os resultados mostraram que fatores educacionais (orientações em pós-graduação), econômicos (produtos tecnológicos e prestação de serviços tecnológicos) e políticos (arcabouço legal, recursos financeiros e políticas de estímulo) impactaram a produção de depósitos de patentes dos pesquisadores pertencentes ao domínio científico Ciências da Vida e da Saúde das universidades federais mineiras. A experiência acadêmica e o conhecimento científico, principal insumo para gerar inovação, não foram determinantes para a produção de depósitos de patente. Já os fatores políticos apresentaram um forte impacto, tanto na produção de conhecimento quanto nos depósitos de patente. Isso demonstra os esforços do Governo para tentar diminuir o hiato tecnológico.
Due to the evolutionary nature of the economic system, paradigm shifts induce the growth patterns called long waves. These changes, which occur on average every 50 years, are brought about by the insertion of disruptive innovations that unceasingly revolutionize the economic structure, destroying the old and creating new elements, not only at an economic but institutional, organizational and social level. In the 1990s, with the development of microelectronics and communications technologies, the paradigm of information technology emerged, characterized by the intensity of information that, transformed into knowledge and innovation, plays a crucial role in development. However, to trigger this process, countries need to build appropriate institutional arrangements. Appears, with it, the model of systems of innovation of the Triple Helix. This model comprises innovation and technical progress in a Knowledge Economy as the result of a complex set of relations between university-business-government. Being these the actors that are directly involved in the production, distribution, and application of knowledge. In this context, the present study aimed to identify the impact of the production of knowledge and public policies to produce patent deposits of researchers from the scientific field of Life Sciences and Health, from the federal universities of Minas Gerais. The analysis considered the period from 1995 to 2016. For this, the techniques of exploratory data analysis and panel data analysis were used. The results showed that educational factors (post-graduation orientations), economic (technological products and technological services provision) and political (legal framework, financial resources, and stimulus policies) impact the production of patent deposits of researchers belonging to the scientific domain Life Sciences and Health of the federal universities of Minas Gerais. Academic experience and scientific knowledge, the main input to generate innovation, were not decisive to produce patent deposits. On the other hand, the political factors had a strong impact, both in the production of knowledge and in patent deposits. This demonstrates the efforts of the Government to try to reduce the technology gap.
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Bretonnière, Yann. "Chimie de coordination des ions lanthanides(III) avec des ligands tripodes azotés et oxygénés." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10100.
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Au cours de ce travail, nous avons pu demontrer les grandes potentialites des ligands tripodes flexibles dans differents domaines d'applications de la chimie des ions lanthanides(iii). Ainsi, dans le cadre des recherches concernant la separation actinides(iii)/lanthanides(iii) par extraction liquide-liquide, nous avons synthetise et etudie le ligand nonadente trenphen. Les complexes 1 : 1 formes avec les ions lanthanides(iii) ont ete caracterises a l'etat solide et en solution. Le ligand trenphen presente de bonnes proprietes en extraction selective des actinides(iii), confirmant l'interet d'utiliser des ligands tripodes pour ameliorer les performances en extraction. Nous nous sommes egalement interesses a la synthese et a l'etude de systemes supramoleculaires polymetalliques. Avec le ligand dodecadente trenterpy, l'incompatibilite entre le nombre de sites donneurs et la coordination voulue par l'ion, et des contraintes steriques importantes entre les bras du ligand, empechent la formation d'un complexe 1 : 1 avec l'ion la 3 + et conduisent a l'auto-assemblage d'un complexe trinucleaire. Dans un autre domaine le complexe de gadolinium(iii) du ligand tpa-acide presente d'excellentes proprietes de relaxivite. Les complexes de lanthanides(iii) avec la tpa-acide ont ete caracterises a l'etat solide. Trois structures differentes sont observees (un tetramere pour la 3 +, un dimere pour pr-yb, et un monomere pour lu 3 +), montrant que le ligand peut accommoder trois nombres de coordination differents (8, 9 et 10) autour d'un ion ln 3 +. La relaxivite elevee du complexe de gadolinium(iii) peut etre attribuee a la presence en solution de deux ou trois molecules d'eau liees au metal, et a une distance gd-h tres courte. Le temps d'echange des molecules d'eau coordonnees est tres rapide avec ce ligand heptadente flexible, ce qui laisse supposer de grandes potentialites des systemes macromoleculaires construits sur ces motifs.
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Ballah, Jamoowantee. "Récupération du pétrole par injection d'eau douce." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066053/document.
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La récupération du pétrole par injection d’eau douce (LSW) a pour but de récupérer les huiles résiduelles piégées dans les réservoirs. Après des preuves d’une augmentation du taux de récupération lors de la LSW, des résultats controversés ont émergé et les mécanismes proposés dans la littérature font toujours l’objet de débat. Il est donc essentiel d'avoir une compréhension approfondie des interactions huile/saumure/roche (COBR) afin d’éclaircir les mécanismes engendrés par cette technique. Nous avons procédé en faisant une étude de la mouillabilité à l'eau des différentes argiles gonflantes en fonction des cations échangeables (Li+, Na+, K+ et Ca2+), de l'humidité relative, de la taille des particules et de la rugosité de la surface. Même si ces paramètres ont été étudiés séparément, la nature des cations, la rugosité de surface et la taille des particules sont étroitement liées. La nature du cation échangeable conduit indirectement l'état de rugosité des films d'argile cependant, c'est l'énergie d'hydratation qui entraine les angles de contact. D'autre part, pour une argile donnée avec un cation échangeable donné, la mouillabilité du film a été observée comme étant influencée par la taille des particules. Plus la taille des plaquettes d'argile est importante, plus le film est rugueux et plus l'angle de contact est élevé. En ce qui concerne l'influence de l'humidité relative, elle n'a eu qu’un effet marginal sur les angles de contact. Cependant, en travaillant à haute humidité le phénomène d'évaporation a été limité. En ce qui concerne la mouillabilité à l'huile des minéraux argileux, à une interface solide/huile/air, l'huile s’est rapidement étalée lors qu’elle a été déposée sur les différents minéraux. Dans la deuxième partie de la thèse, l'interaction biphasique huile/milieu aqueux a été étudiée par des mesures de tension interfaciale (IFT) en fonction de différents sels et de leurs concentrations. Les résultats obtenus avec deux huiles brutes et un système modèle (dodécane contenant de l'acide oléique) ont montré que l'IFT est minimum à une salinité optimale. En ce qui concerne les espèces de sel, un abaissement de l'IFT des huiles brutes a été observé en présence des cations petits, durs et fortement polarisants (tels que le Li+, Mg2+ et Ca2+) et en présence de cations gros, mous et fortement polarisables (tels que Rb+ et Cs+). Les résultats sur le système modèle ont montré que l'abaissement de l'IFT était dû aux interactions entre les petits cations qui sont durs et la tête polaire dure du tensioactif (oléate). La troisième partie de la thèse a été consacrée à l'étude des interactions triphasique huile/saumure/argile. Nos résultats montrent d'abord que, dans des conditions qui favorisent le « salting-in » des tensioactifs, l'adsorption des composants du pétrole brut sur les minéraux argileux a été favorisée (abaissement des angles de contact de l'huile sur les surfaces de mica en présence de saumure composée de cations divalents). L'interaction triphasique a également été étudiée par la stabilité des émulsions en présence des colloïdes d'argiles. Selon les différentes observations, nous avons émis l'hypothèse que certains composants de pétrole brut s'adsorbent directement sur des surfaces minérales tandis que d'autres ont besoin d'un pont cationique (Na+, Ca+ ou Mg2+)The technique of low salinity waterflooding (LSW) during Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes, attempt to recover residual oils trapped in petroleum reservoirs. So far, after evidences of the benefits of LSW, some controversial results emerged and the mechanisms underlying the technology is still debated in the literature. It thus appears crucial to have a thorough understanding crude oil/brine/rock (COBR) interactions as the reservoir is a porous medium in which solid and fluid phases coexist. Firstly we studied the water wettability of different swelling clay minerals as a function of different interlayer cations (Li+, Na+, K+ and Ca2+), relative humidity, particle size and surface roughness. Even if these parameters have been investigated individually, the nature of the cations, surface roughness and particle size are closely linked. The nature of exchangeable cation indirectly drives the state of roughness of the clay films (in decreasing order: Ca2+ >>> K+ > (Li+, Na+)). However, it is the hydration energy which ultimately takes over during contact angle measurements. On the other hand, for a given clay mineral with a given exchangeable cation, wettability of the film has been observed to be influenced by the size of the particles. The larger the size of the clay platelets, the rougher the film and the higher the contact angle. As far as the influence of relative humidity is concerned, it only has a marginal effect on the contact angles. However, working at high humidity has shown to limit the phenomenon of evaporation. Regarding the oil wettability of clay minerals, at a solid/oil/air interface, the oil rapidly spread on the different clay minerals. In the second part, biphasic oil/aqueous medium interaction as a function of salt species and concentration has been studied via interfacial tension measurements (IFT). The results obtained with two crude oils and a model system (dodecane containing oleic acid) have shown that IFT is minimum at an optimum salinity. As far as salt species is concerned, IFT of the crude oils has been observed to be low in the presence of small, hard and highly polarising ions like Li+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ and in the presence of large, soft and highly polarisable ions like Rb+ and Cs+. The results on the model system has shown that lowering of IFT was due to ion paring between the small, hard cations and the hard polar headgroup of the surfactant (oleate). The third part of the thesis was dedicated to the study of triple phase oil/brine/clay interactions. Our results firstly show that in conditions favouring salting-in of surfactants, adsorption of crude oil components on clay minerals have been favoured (lowering of oil contact angles on mica surfaces in the presence of brines composed of divalent cations). Triple phase interaction has also been investigated by studying the stability of emulsions in the presence of clay colloids.According to the different observations we hypothesised that some crude oil components adsorb directly onto mineral surfaces while others need a cation bridge (Na+, Ca+ or Mg2+)
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Wietzke, Raphaël. "Complexation des éléments par des ligands tripodes azotés : application à l'extraction sélective des actinides(III)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10223.
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Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre des recherches sur la separation actinides(iii)/lanthanides(iii) par extraction liquide-liquide. Nous nous sommes interesses a l'etude de la chimie de coordination des lanthanides(iii) et de l'uranium(iii) (modele des actinides(iii)), dans le but de mettre en evidence des differences entre les deux familles et de mieux comprendre les processus moleculaires impliques dans l'extraction. Nous avons ainsi etudie la complexation des lanthanides(iii) et de l'uranium(iii) par des ligands tripodes contenant des azotes aromatiques. Plusieurs ligands tripodes azotes ont ete synthetises en variant la nature et le nombre des atomes donneurs. Les complexes de lanthanides(iii) ont ete caracterises a l'etat solide et en solution (grace a differentes techniques : rmn 1h, es-ms, luminescence, spectrophotometrie uv, conductimetrie). Des differences dans le type de coordination ont pu etre mises en evidence selon la nature des atomes donneurs du ligand. Les deux nouveaux ligands, tris(2-pyrazinylmethyl)amine (tpza) et tris(n,n-diethyl-2-carbamoyl-6-pyridylmethyl)amine (tpaa), ont montre une selectivite pour les actinides(iii) avec des performances interessantes en extraction liquide-liquide. La comparaison des complexes de lanthane(iii) et d'uranium(iii) a l'etat solide et en solution a permis de mettre en evidence des differences dans la nature de la liaison qui pourraient etre attribuees a un certain pourcentage de covalence dans la liaison.
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Imbert, Daniel. "Nouveaux ligands à charpente tripodale carbonée en vue de la complexation du fer en milieu hydrophile ou lipophile." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10112.
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De nouveaux ligands tripodaux possedant deux types de sous-unites chelatantes (8-hydroxyquinoleine et catechol) ont ete prepares. Pour ce faire, un nouvel espaceur tripodal comportant un motif tris (aminopropyl)methane diversement fonctionnalise a ete developpe, permettant le greffage de ces sous-unites par des liaisons de type amide. Les complexes de fer correspondants ont ete prepares et caracterises par spectrometrie de masse et spectrophotometrie uv-visible. Des etudes physico-chimiques ont permis de determiner les caracteristiques thermodynamiques en solution aqueuse (constantes d'acidite des ligands, constantes de formation des complexes, courbes de distribution des especes en fonction du ph) de deux ligands choisis pour leur interet biologique. Une etude de lipophilie a ete conduite sur ces ligands tripodaux, montrant leur aptitude a mobiliser le fer en milieu aqueux et/ou organique en fonction de leurs caracteristiques structurales. Deux modeles de transport du fer au travers d'une membrane biologique ont ete developpes. Des etudes biologiques sur des cultures cellulaires ont permis de montrer l'aptitude de ces ligands a la nutrition siderique des cellules vegetales et le traitement de la chlorose ferrique ainsi que leur capacite a mobiliser le fer de cellules animales surchargees et prevenir les effets toxiques.
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Evans, Nicholas Philip. "Isotope systematics of gypsum and its hydration water." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/290136.
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Triple oxygen and hydrogen isotope analysis of the structurally-bound water in gypsum can provide a direct measure of past hydrologic variability. This thesis presents the development of the water extraction and isotopic measurement procedures, the calculation of the gypsum-water isotope fractionation factors, and the application of the method to constrain the palaeohydrologic conditions in two temporally and geographically disparate sites. Measurement of the isotopic composition of gypsum hydration water is used to examine the hydrological changes that occurred during the Terminal Classic Drought of the Maya lowlands (~800-1000 CE), coincident with the period when the Classic Maya Civilization of Mesoamerica collapsed. The data provide a complete and direct archive of hydrological conditions that have previously been limited to ice core records. Mean annual rainfall is shown to have decreased by between 41% and 54%, with intervals of up to 70%, compared to present-day conditions. This study has also shown for the first time that relative humidity was 2%-7% lower during the Terminal Classic Drought compared to today. The methodology is also applied to the massive gypsum deposits in the marginal and deep basins of the Mediterranean to interpret the chemical evolution of parent water bodies during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.97-5.3 Ma). By combining the measurement of gypsum hydration water with other traditional (e.g. strontium) and novel (e.g. calcium and barium) isotope tracers, the hydrological changes during the deposition of Primary Lower Gypsum units of the Sorbas Basin in southeastern Spain, the Upper Gypsum units of Sicily, and deep basin deposits have been constrained. The results indicate that all deposits experienced a significant freshwater contribution to the mother fluids from which they formed. It is proposed that obliquity-controlled sea level and eccentricity-modulated precession, superimposed on longer-term tectonic restriction of the Mediterranean-Atlantic exchange, together controlled the varying depositional environments during the formation of the Messinian Salt Giant. This thesis demonstrates that the analysis of gypsum hydration water is a powerful tool for palaeoclimate reconstruction. The methodology can be applied to gypsum (and other hydrated minerals) in a wide range of settings across geological space and time, providing a rich source of information about the environmental conditions under which they formed.
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Thomas, Fabrice. "Complexation du fer par des ligands tripodes originaux et la calcéine : étude thermodynamique, cinétique et biologique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10108.
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L'etude thermodynamique, cinetique et biologique des ligands du fer est primordiale pour concevoir de nouveaux medicaments, des outils agronomiques ou des outils physiologiques. La premiere partie concerne l'etude de ligands tripodes possedant des sous unites catechol (trencams), 8-hydroxyquinoleine + catechol (trensoxcams 2) et pyridinophenol (trenpypols). La caracterisation des ligands et complexes ferriques a permis de mettre en evidence que le trencams est un fort complexant de fe i i i a ph 7,4 (pfe i i i = 29,6) mais tres labile ; il ne complexe pas fe i i. Le ligand mixte trensoxcams2 est egalement un tres bon complexant mais moins labile ; la presence d'une sous unite 8-hydroxyquinoleine renforce ses proprietes complexantes en milieu acide. Le trenpypols est le tripode qui complexe le moins bien le fer du fait d'un cycle de chelation a 6 chainons a ph physiologique. L'hydrolyse acide du complexe ferrique se fait en 5 etapes distinctes. Les complexes du trencams et du trenpypols se sont averes etre des sources de fer utilisables par les cellules vegetales. Une etude de lipophilie a ete effectuee sur les ligands tripodes et un modele de transport au travers de la membrane biologique developpe. La calceine et la calceine bleue sont des complexants du fer moins forts que les ligands tripodes ; la calceine est une mauvaise sonde pour fe i i ; la presence de fe i i i dans le milieu eteint leur fluorescence. Cette propriete a ete mise a profit pour etudier la nutrition siderique de cellules d'arabidopsis thaliana en temps reel par fluorescence. L'evaluation du lip en utilisant cette molecule est discutee. L'etude spectroscopique met en evidence la formation de complexes de type 1 : 1 et 2 : 1 fer:calceine. Le type de coordination observe n'est pas celui qui avait ete specule dans la litterature. La derniere partie de ce travail concerne l'etude de l'interaction de derives d'acridine avec l'adn ou un oligonucleotide comportant un analogue de site abasique. Des specificites d'interaction ont ete mises en evidence.
Books on the topic "Tripoli (Mineral)"
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Rheams, Karen F. introduction Tripoli deposits in northern Alabama: A preliminary investigation. Tuscaloosa, Ala: Geological Survey of Alabama, Mineral Resources Division, 1988.
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Berg, Richard B. Geology of microcrystalline silica (Tripoli) deposits, southernmost Illinois. Champaign, Ill: Illinois State Geological Survey, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Tripoli (Mineral)"
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Temsal, Mahdi, Sujan Aryal, and Anupama B. Kaul. "Triple-Cation Perovskite Photoabsorbers and Solar Cells." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 478–84. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22524-6_43.
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Bastos, Silvino P., Sujan Aryal, and Anupama B. Kaul. "Synthesis and Characterization of 2D WSe2 and Triple Cation Perovskite-Based Photoabsorbers." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 47–53. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50349-8_4.
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Aryal, Sujan, Mahdi Temsal, Ehsan Ghavaminia, and Anupama B. Kaul. "Stability Study of Cesium-Based Triple Cation Perovskite Solar Cells in Elevated Environmental Ambients." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 645–51. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22524-6_57.
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Li, Hui, Xirong Liu, Kai Zhang, Wenqing Liu, and Shuang Xia. "Morphology Evolution of Grain Boundary Carbides Precipitated Near Triple Junctions in Highly Twinned Alloy 690." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 509–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67244-1_32.
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Li, Hui, Xirong Liu, Kai Zhang, Wenqing Liu, and Shuang Xia. "Morphology Evolution of Grain Boundary Carbides Precipitated Near Triple Junctions in Highly Twinned Alloy 690." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 509–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04639-2_32.
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Cresswell, N. D., A. A. H. Ameri, J. Wang, H. Wang, P. Hazell, and J. P. Escobedo-Diaz. "Characterization and Modelling of Triply Periodic Minimum Surface (TPMS) Lattice Structures for Energy Absorption in Automotive Applications." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 295–305. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50304-7_28.
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Szücs, Janos, Ragnar Jonson, and Tommy Hansson. "Triple-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry for Determination of the Bone Mineral Content in Vivo." In Human Body Composition, 339–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_78.
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Pack, Andreas. "7. Isotopic Traces of Atmospheric O2 in Rocks, Minerals, and Melts." In Triple Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry, 217–40. De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501524677-008.
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Schauble, Edwin A., and Edward D. Young. "4. Mass Dependence of Equilibrium Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in Carbonate, Nitrate, Oxide, Perchlorate, Phosphate, Silicate, and Sulfate Minerals." In Triple Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry, 137–78. De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501524677-005.
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Almeida, Rita Miranda, Rute Abreu, and José A. Perez-Lopez. "Nascent Entrepreneurship and Sustainability on the Beverage Sector." In Nascent Entrepreneurship and Successful New Venture Creation, 215–38. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2936-1.ch010.
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This research analyses the nascent entrepreneurship and sustainability on the beverage sector through the financial performance of the new emerging business of Portuguese companies. It explains the economic and financial results of new and older companies and discuss the best strategies adopted by them. Most companies are small, characterized by the same selling products: natural mineral water and spring water, flavoured water and soft drinks. Indeed, the research address the sustainability challenges, demands of major investments in sustainable businesses that will provide triple bottom line. The research adds knowledge and transfer to the society, because it is unusual research about entrepreneurship in beverage sector through the new demands on the market reality.
Conference papers on the topic "Tripoli (Mineral)"
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Barbashev, A. I., S. N. Sushkova, T. M. Minkina, T. S. Dudnikova, and E. M. Antonenko. "INFLUENCE OF MINERAL SORBENTS ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HORDEUM VULGARE ON SOIL POLLUTED BY BENZ(A)PYRENE." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.373-375.
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The effect of diatomite and tripoli added into the soil artificially contaminated with benzo[a]pyrene was studied. A decrease in the toxic effect of BaP on barley plants was established when diatomite and tripoli were added as ameliorants to contaminated soil. The improvement of plants grown сharacteristics on soils contaminated with BaP with the addition of diatomite and tripoli was shown up to 2-4 times compare to contaminated samples.
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Oerter, Erik. "Triple Oxygen Stable Isotope Analysis of Mineral Hydration Waters by Thermogravimetry-Enabled Laser Spectroscopy." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.14742.
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Uwiringiyimana, Martin, Ilya Bindeman, and Gregory Retallack. "Investigating paleoclimate using triple oxygen isotopes of clay minerals in weathering profiles." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.12566.
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Soares da Silva, Samuel, Alan Ferreira de Freitas, and Alair Ferreira de Freitas. "TRIPLA NATUREZA DAS COOPERATIVAS DO SETOR MINERAL: DESVELANDO AS CARACTERÍSTICAS DA GESTÃO SOCIAL, ECONÔMICA E AMBIENTAL." In 59º Congresso da SOBER e 6º EBPC 2021. ,: Even3, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/soberebpc2021.342968.
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Elakneswaran, Yogarajah. "Modelling the Impact of Surface Charge on Wettability Alteration in Low Salinity Waterflooding." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209357-ms.
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Abstract The wettability alteration is the most prominent mechanism for a favorable effect of low salinity water flooding in enhanced oil recovery. It has been accepted that the surface charge at crude oil/brine and rock/brine interfaces significantly influences the interaction of the crude oil with rock surface and thus wettability changes. In this study, the interface characteristics were coupled with a solute transport model to simulate low salinity waterflooding in carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. The ionic transport and two- phase flow of oil and water equations were solved and coupled with IPhreeqc for geochemical calculations. The dissolution and precipitation of minerals were considered thorough thermodynamic equilibrium reactions in IPhreeqc. In addition, a triple layer surface complexation model was employed in IPhreeqc to predict electrokinetic properties of crude oil/brine and rock/brine interfaces. The wettability alteration was calculated based the adsorbed polar components of crude oil on minerals’ surface, which changes the relative permeability. The coupled model able to predict the spatiotemporal variation of ionic profiles, surface and zeta potentials, dissolution and precipitation of minerals, total disjoining pressure, and wettability index in addition to oil recovery for the injection of brines. The validity of the coupled model results was tested against PHREEQC in a single-phase flow without the presence of oil. Moreover, the modelling results were compared with the published experimental data for a single-phase flow in carbonate cores. A very good agreement between experimental data and modelling results was obtained. Furthermore, the coupled model was applied to predict ionic concentration, pH profile, and oil recovery in both carbonate and sandstone cores and verified with experimental data. The modelling results reproduce well the experimental data, suggesting that model captures the geochemical and interface reactions. Finally, the coupled model can be used to optimize brine composition for improved oil recovery in carbonate and sandstone reservoirs.
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Hao, Xingjuan, Moataz Abu-Al-Saud, Subhash Ayirala, and Yogarajah Elakneswaran. "Evaluating the Effect of Carbonate Impurities on Wettability Alteration Using a Geochemical Model." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209424-ms.
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Abstract Wettability alteration considered as the principal mechanism has attracted more attention for low salinity waterflooding effect. It was significantly affected by electrokinetic interactions, which occurred at the interfaces of rock/brine and crude oil/brine. The mineral impurities of natural carbonate releasing ions have an important impact on the electrokinetics, which could lead to wettability shift subsequently. In this study, the effect of dolomite and anhydrite as the main impurities in natural carbonate, which caused wettability alteration, was evaluated using triple-layer surface complexation and thermodynamic equilibrium models coupled with extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. The electrokinetics of crude oil and carbonate in brines were predicted by the triple-layer surface complexation model (TLM) based on zeta potential, while thermodynamic equilibrium model was mainly used for analyzing the carbonate impurities on wettability alteration. The equilibrium constants of reactions were determined by successfully fitting the calculated zeta potentials with measured ones for crude oil and carbonate in different solutions, which were validated for zeta potential prediction in smartwater. The disjoining pressure results show that there is a repulsion between crude oil and carbonate in Na2SO4 brine (Brine3) or smartwater (Brine4) equilibrating with calcite when comparing to that in MgCl2 (Brine1) and CaCl2 (Brine2), indicating the water-wet condition caused by the presence of sulphate ions. Moreover, the equilibrium of carbonate impurities with smartwater increases the repulsion between oil and carbonate. When the sulphate ion concentration in the adjusted smartwater exceeds a certain value, the effect of carbonate impurities on wettability alteration is not significant. Finally, the influence of smartwater pH on the interaction between oil and carbonate was evaluated with or without considering the equilibrium of carbonate impurities.
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Arengas, Carlos L., Mark E. Curtis, Son T. Dang, and Chandra S. Rai. "Petrophysical Rock Typing in Uinta Basin Using Models Powered by Machine Learning Algorithms." In SPE Oklahoma City Oil and Gas Symposium. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213061-ms.
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Abstract The development of unconventional resources in the Uinta basin requires more investigation. Petrophysical characterization is the key to identifying different rock types to optimize hydrocarbon production. Rock-typing can be performed using wireline measurements, such as triple combo and special logs; however, this identification needs to be verified using laboratory characterization to enhance the accuracy of rock-typing prediction models. In this work, we implement an integrated characterization workflow for 600 ft of the core interval, including total organic carbon, source rock analysis, elemental (X-ray Fluorescence) and mineral (Fourier- transform Infrared Spectroscopy) composition, total porosity (High-pressure pycnometer, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), pore throat size distribution (Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure), elastic moduli (Ultrasonic velocity and nanoindentation) and microstructure (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Wireline measurements include the triple combo and the sonic logs. Principal Component Analysis and K-means (as unsupervised machine learning algorithms) were applied to both datasets to cluster and classify different rock types. In parallel, the petrophysical systematic for each rock type was evaluated. The Uinta group is vastly diverse, having a wide range of porosity (2-18%) and TOC (0.5-10%). Three main rock types were identified type 1-siliceous rich, type 2-calcite rich, and type 3-dolomite rich. The relative contribution of types 1, 2, and 3 is 47, 31, and 22 %, respectively. The top section of the analyzed core is dominated by rock type 1, which generally has the highest porosity and relatively higher TOC. Most of the bottom section is carbonate-rich rock types, in which calcite-rich and dolomite-rich layers are interbedded; SEM analyses suggest that a fraction of the porosity is associated with organic matter. Between rock types 3 and 2, further studies indicate that the high dolomite rock type tends to have higher porosity, larger pore size, and better-sorted grains, while the high calcite rock type has lower porosity and small pore size. There is a fair agreement in rock type identification between using core-derived and log- derived models. The Uinta basin leads the hydrocarbon production in Utah. The study provides a comprehensive core analysis dataset highlighting the vertical complexity of the Uinta group. The agreement in rock-typing using core and wireline inputs suggests that log-derived rock-typing can be utilized to identify sweet zones.
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Alqunais, Ali, Charles Bradford, and Khalid Qubaisi. "Integration of Cutting Spectroscopy Analysis and Open-Hole Logs to Increase Evaluation Certainty of Complex Clastic Formations – Advantages and Limitations." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204693-ms.
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Abstract This paper presents an approach by integrating advanced cutting analysis, such as x-ray fluorescence (XRF), and open-hole logs for enhanced formation evaluation of complex clastic formations in near real-time. To verify the methodology, results of surface cuttings analyses are compared to and validated with downhole elemental spectroscopy measurements. In general, when the formation contains clays, the minimum logging requirement to evaluate clastic formations is a triple combo (density, neutron and resistivity) with spectral gamma ray (SGR) logs. In addition to correcting the impact of the drilling fluid additives and properties such as the presence of k-formate in mud, SGR logs become very crucial to differentiate clay types present in the formation. In the absence of SGR, advanced cuttings measurements can be utilized to provide elemental data of major elements including SGR components from the cuttings in near real-time. A comparison was made to evaluate the cuttings analysis as a replacement for SGR. As a part of this work and to validate the petrophysical evaluation results, downhole wireline SGR and elemental spectroscopy data were acquired and compared to the analysis using advanced cutting measurements. This work was conducted in a siliciclastic formation containing abrasive sandstones of mixed clean quartz and clay minerals. The analysis of cuttings XRF was integrated with basic downhole logs to quantify the clay typing required for representative formation evaluation and well geosteering. Limitations of this approach are identified in drilling complex clastic formations including cutting sampling frequency and effects of drilling including drilling fluid contamination, mud additives, drilling parameters and drilling driving mechanism. Controlling these factors has led to good results from cuttings measurements. The advanced cuttings XRF analysis was benchmarked with wireline SGR and elemental spectroscopy logs. This approach of using cuttings XRF analysis and basic open-hole logs is a valid option for geosteering in a complex clastic mineralogy formation and providing a near real-time formation evaluation in the absence of spectral gamma ray or elemental spectroscopy. XRF has been proven to provide near real-time analysis with improved reliability across bad hole, wider spectrum of elements and eliminate critical operations risk. Recommendations to optimize the parameters for reliable measurements will be discussed in this paper.
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Bao, Han P., and Sundeep Bodapati. "Development of Sustainable Indicators for Products and Processes." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48273.
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Sustainable development is only a lofty goal as long as there is a lack of standard metrics and benchmark values to measure the performance of sustainable development. Measurement of sustainability has been articulated by researchers in several ways, but most definitions are based on the so-called Triple Bottom Line (TBL) approach i.e., with Economic (Profit), Environment (Planet) and Social welfare (People) objectives. Individual measures were proposed by many researchers for these dimensions of sustainability using various indicators. The focus of this paper is on manufacturing processes and products, as opposed to services and organizational entities, it is meant to test the hypothesis that there is a concise subset to the wide range of indicators so far identified in the literature which could be applied to manufacturing processes and products. We wanted to address three issues: 1- What kinds of indicators can be used; 2- How often have they been used or, in other words, how relevant are they? and 3- Are there other indicators which may have been missing? Our primary approach was to look for real case studies in which the authors clearly intended their products to be officially declared as sustainable. All together we found 106 case studies which fit the purpose of our study in the Environmental Product Declaration (E.P.D., http://www.environdec.com). EPD is an organization which provides relevant, verified and comparable information to meet various customers and market needs. The categories of products in EPD range from food and beverage products to textile, wood, chemical, non-metallic mineral, basic metals, fabricated metal, machinery and equipment, and office machinery and computers. Each case study in EPD was carefully assessed with regards to the three issues indicated above, and the final result was the formation of a new set of indicators which will be more suitable for manufacturing processes and products. This new set of indicators, perhaps better described as a filtered set of indicators, was used in a case study to compare the sustainability of a Cathode Ray Tube (C.R.T.) and a Liquid Crystal Display (L.C.D.) desktop computer. Both of these products have been extensively documented by Sony Corporation and the EPA. They provided substantial quantitative data which enhance the validity of our own study. One other tangible result of our study was the determination of a “Sustainable Threshold“ for various products based on the 106 case studies indicated above. We wanted to submit the proposition that an aggregated score determined as indicated in our work can serve as a reliable measure for sustainability.
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Khan, Mohammad Ibrahim, Harish Datir, Subhadeep Sarkar, and Bjarne Rafaelsen. "DECIPHERING LOW RESISTIVITY PAY TO DERISK A COMMERCIAL DISCOVERY: CASE STUDY FROM THE NORWEGIAN SEA." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0006.
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The Cretaceous Cape Vulture prospect (Norwegian Sea, Norway) consisted of three Cretaceous sand levels: Cape Vulture Lower, Main, and Upper. The prospect was drilled in 2017, targeting seismic amplitude anomalies that represented a combination of reservoir facies and hydrocarbons. As the first well (6608/10-17S) proved hydrocarbons down to base reservoir in Cape Vulture Main and Upper, an appraisal well with two sidetracks were planned and drilled to determine the reservoir development, pressure communication and oil-water contact. A good understanding of the lateral variation within the reservoir was of importance to the technical economical evaluation of the discovery. The appraisal wells planned for a comprehensive coring and logging program. The main objectives were to reduce the uncertainty of estimated in place volumes by establishing the depth of the hydrocarbon-water contact, prove lateral pressure communication within each reservoir level, reduce the uncertainty of lateral and vertical reservoir distribution and quality, reduce the uncertainty of hydrocarbon saturation and understand the relationship between seismic amplitude anomalies and subsurface properties / fluids. The logging program included triaxial resistivity, nuclear spectroscopy, electrical images, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) complementing triple combo, followed by formation pressure measurements, and fluid sampling. The presence of clay minerals in varying amounts within the reservoirs depresses the resistivity measurement and leads to underestimation of the hydrocarbon saturation when using conventional Archie’s equation - a common petrophysical challenge in such conditions. The hydrocarbon saturation is an important parameter when calculating reserves and estimating whether a discovery is of commercial value. Hence, reducing the uncertainty span on hydrocarbon saturation (total and effective) and estimating the net pay thickness is critical. Using core data and advanced down-hole measurements to optimize a resistivity-based saturation model can reduce the uncertainty of the saturation estimates. Here we document the petrophysical evaluation of the data acquired, assessing heterolithic low resistivity pay with wireline log measurements combined with core data. Focus on the coring strategy, recommendations on sampling intervals for the core analysis, and key logging measurement requirements. The results show substantial improvements in the understanding of the hydrocarbon saturation, ultimately increasing in-place volume estimates. The integrated analysis, including NMR measurements, helps to delineate the fluid contacts, further reducing the uncertainty on the recoverable net pay thickness. The core data validate the independent log-based laminated sand analysis. This illustrates how an integrated approach combining core measurements, logs, and formation testing provide an accurate evaluation of low resistivity pay reservoirs, reducing the uncertainty in the technical economical evaluation.
Reports on the topic "Tripoli (Mineral)"
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McClenaghan, M. B., I. M. Kjarsgaard, and B. A. Kjarsgaard. Kimberlite indicator mineral chemistry and till geochemistry around the Seed and Triple B kimberlites, Lake Timiskaming, Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/215911.
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