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Gamko, L. N., A. G. Menyakina, and E. A. Mitsurina. "NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND NITROGEN UTILIZATION OF LACTATING COWS WHEN RECEIVING A FOOD MIXTURE WITH MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy 206 (March 25, 2022): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-1-194-199.
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The article presents results of studies on giving natural mineral additives from the deposits of Oryol (Stimulus) and Bryansk regions (smectite tripoli) in the composition of the feed mixture to lactating cows of the second lactation of the black-and-white breed in the agricultural enterprise OOO "Mololchnoye" of Bryansk region. A comparative analysis of the effect of two dosages of their inclusion in the ration - 3 and 4% of the dry matter without changing their energy nutritional value on productivity, digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen usage in the organism of lactating cows was carried out. A positive effect on the level of milk productivity of both natural mineral additives was found, however, more significant changes in protein and lipid metabolism occurred in the body of cows who received smectite tripol as part of the feed mixture at a dose of 4% of the dry matter of the ration. Thus, the dry matter digestibility coefficients, including organic matter, as well as protein and crude fat digestibility coefficients of lactating cows that received smectite tripoli (4%) significantly exceeded similar parameters in all experimental groups. Based on the results of the balance experiment, a positive nitrogen balance of lactating cows of all groups was established. Concurrently, a redistribution of digested nitrogen with a higher transformation into products was noted, which is confirmed by a large percentage of its transition into milk (10.3%). This redistribution of nitrogen in the body of lactating cows of the experimental groups became possible due to its lower retention in the body (by 5.9% due to "Stimulus" additive and by 11.0% - smectite tripoli). Therefore, based on the obtained experimental data, it is possible to recommend to include smectite tripoli natural mineral additive at a dose of 4% of the dry matter of the ration into the feed mixture for lactating cows.
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Lukuttsova, N. P., S. N. Golovin, and P. A. Artamonov. "Heavy concrete with mineral additive tripoli." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 687 (December 10, 2019): 022033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/687/2/022033.
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Popov, A. V., D. V. Bukhtoyarov, D. V. Poltavets, and S. Yu Khatuntseva. "Application of the Natural Mineral in Firefighting — Zeolite-Containing Tripoli." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 2 (February 2022): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2022-2-70-75.
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Variants of using tripoli from the Khotynets deposit of the Oryol region as a sorbent for combustible liquids are proposed and tested. Prototype of a fire-extinguishing powder was made, the basis of fire-extinguishing powder is ammophos with the addition of 20 % tripoli. It is also recommended to use tripoli as a filler for fire barrier strips to contain the spread of smoldering combustion of organic dispersed materials. Experimental studies are presented related to the quantitative assessment of the sorption capacity of tripoli samples with a dispersion of: granules — 1–3 mm, powder — 0.2–1 mm, dust — 0–100 microns. The possibility of its use at the industrial facilities as a sorbent of combustible liquids with high quantitative indicators is established. Laboratory and field fire tests were carried out concerning the prototype of fire-extinguishing powder based on ammophos with the addition of 20 % tripoli. The test results indicate that this fire-extinguishing powder meets all the requirements of GOST R 53280.4—2009 and has a good fire extinguishing ability. Also presented are the results of experimental studies on the prevention of the spread for smoldering combustion of the organic dispersed materials. It is advisable to use zeolite-containing tripoli from the Khotynets deposit of the Oryol region as an additive in the fire-extinguishing powder to increase fluidity. In addition, it can be used as a sorbent for flammable combustible and toxic liquids in case of their emergency spillage at the industrial facilities. At the same time, both as an additive in the fire-extinguishing powder and as a sorbent it shows high efficiency of use. Also, in its pure form, it can be used as a filling of fire barrier strips to curb the spread of smoldering combustion of the organic dispersed materials.
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Azzaro, E., A. Bellanca, and R. Neri. "Clay mineral studies of the Tripoli Formation (Lower Messinian), Sicily." Clay Minerals 23, no. 3 (September 1988): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1988.023.3.08.
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AbstractThe characterization of clay mineral assemblages in the diatomite-dominated Tripoli Formation (Lower Messinian, central Sicily) has resulted in delineation of suites dominated by generally well-crystallized dioctahedral smectite and illite of low crystallinity, with lesser amounts of kaolinite and chlorite. These minerals are thought to have a mainly detrital origin related to the calcareous and marly formations exposed in the margins of the depositional area. Vertical fluctuations of the montmorillonite/illite ratio and changes of the crystallinity and chemical composition of these phyllosilicates support environmental interpretations from isotopic data of associated carbonates, and point to a wide variability of depositional conditions ranging from evaporating to brackish. Early diagenesis of the clay minerals was controlled by the primary composition of the sediment which, in turn, affected the porewater chemistry.
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Eliseev, I. P., L. V. Eliseeva, O. A. Vasiliev, V. L. Dimitriev, A. G. Lozhkin, and N. A. Fadeeva. "The role of zeolites in increasing the efficiency of fertilizers in the cultivation of agricultural crops and the sustainable development of the environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 022019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/2/022019.
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Abstract The paper considers the issues of preserving and expanding the reproduction of soil fertility for obtaining high yields of agricultural crops, identifies ways to solve the problem of ecologizing the agricultural landscape by introducing horny hoofed crumbs as an alternative to the mineral form of nitrogen fertilizer and zeolite-containing tripoli as a sorption-type soil improver, as in direct action, and aftereffect. The results of the study revealed the role of the applied fertilizers in increasing the leaf surface area of potato and fodder beet plants, led to an increase in the biological activity of the soil, contributed to the improvement of the quality indicators of the obtained products (dry matter content, nitrates), increased the productivity of cultivated row crops, as in the year of fertilization and endured, and in the aftereffect on barley. The conducted bioenergetic assessment of the studied fertilizers and zeolite-containing tripoli against the background of phosphorus-potassium mineral fertilizers determined the most effective options with the use of horn-hoofed crumbs and tripoli, both independently and when applied together.
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Yurmazova, Tatyana, Nina Shakhova, and Hoang Tran Tuan. "Adsorption of inorganic ions from aqueous solutions using mineral sorbent - tripoli." MATEC Web of Conferences 85 (2016): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20168501017.
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ЕРОФЕЕВ, В. Т., А. И. РОДИН, Р. Р. БИКБАЕВ, and А. А. ПИКСАЙКИНА. "RESEARCH OF PROPERTIES OF PORTLAND CEMENT WITH ACTIVE MINERAL ADDITIVE ON THE BASIC OF TRIPOLI." ВЕСТНИК ПОВОЛЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. СЕРИЯ: МАТЕРИАЛЫ. КОНСТРУКЦИИ. ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, no. 3(11) (September 6, 2019): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25686/2542-114x.2019.3.7.
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В настоящее время производители неорганических вяжущих как России, так и за рубежом выпускают разнообразные цементы: гидрофобный, сульфатостойкий, тампонажный, расширяющийся, кислотоупорный, глиноземистый и другие, выбираемые для применения с учетом эксплуатационных условий в зданиях и сооружениях. Расширение минеральносырьевой базы при производстве смешанных вяжущих за счет использования местных осадочных горных пород (диатомит, трепел, опока) актуальная задача современного строительного материаловедения. Данные породы, как правило, содержат кремнезем, цеолиты, кварц, известняк, компоненты в виде слюд и др., а следовательно, активность данных пород в цементах может иметь комплексное действие. Цель данной работы получение цементов с активными минеральными добавками на основе трепела месторождения близ с. Енгалычево Дубенского района Республики Мордовия, а также подтверждение комплексного характера активности данной добавки. В результате расчета tкритерия активности трепела в соответствии с ГОСТ 2509494 установлено, что рассматриваемая добавка может быть эффективно использована в качестве активной минеральной при производстве портландцемента. Методами термического анализа выявлены особенности фазовых превращений в цементном камне в зависимости от времени гидратации модифицированных цементов. В ходе проведенного термического анализа гидратированных цементов идентифицированы эндоэффект при температуре около 200 С, который соответствует образовавшемуся в результате взаимодействия гидроксида кальция с гейландитом гидроалюмосиликату кальция типа C2ASH8, а также экзотермический эффект при температуре около 900 С, соответствующий кристаллизации силикатов и алюминатов кальция. Установленные особенности гидратации цемента с активной минеральной добавкой подтверждают ее комплексный характер активности . Определены физикомеханические свойства модифицированных цементов, цементных паст и композитов на их основе. Установлено, что рациональное содержание трепела в составе портландцемента должно находиться в пределах 1020 от массы вяжущего. Максимальный предел прочности при сжатии в данном случае равен 54,5 МПа, при изгибе 7,7 МПа, что на 36 больше предела прочности при сжатии и почти на 10 больше предела прочности при изгибе бездобавочного состава. Manufacturers of inorganic binders, both in Russia and abroad, are currently producing a variety of cements: hydrophobic, sulfateresistant, grouting, expanding, acidresistant, alumina and a number of others selected depending on the operating conditions in buildings and structures. The expansion of mineral resource base in the production of mixed binders through the use of local sedimentary rocks (diatomite, tripoli, flask) is an urgent task of modern construction materials science. These rocks usually contain silica, zeolites, quartz, limestone, components in the form of mica, etc. Therefore, the activity of these rocks in cements can have a complex effect. The aim of this work was to obtain cements with active mineral additives on the basis of diatomaceous earth deposits near the village of Engalychevo, Dubensky district, the Republic of Mordovia, as well as confirmation of the complex nature of the activity of this additive. As a result of calculation of tcriterion of tripoli activity in accordance with GOST 2509494, it has been found out that the considered additive can be effectively used as an active mineral in the production of Portland cement. The features of phase transformations in cement stone depending on the hydration time of modified cements are revealed by the methods of thermal analysis. During the performed thermal analysis of hydrated cements, the endoeffect at 200 C has been revealed. It corresponds to the result of the interaction of calcium hydroxide with heulandite hydroaluminate of calcium type C2ASH8. Additionally exothermic effect at about 900 C corresponds to crystallization of silicates and aluminates of calcium. The revealed features of cement hydration with active mineral additive confirm its complex nature of activity. Physical and mechanical properties of modified cements, cement pastes and composites based on them have been determined. It has been established that the rational content of the diatomaceous earth in the composition of the Portland cement must be within 1020 by weight of the binder. The maximum compressive strength in this case is 54.5 MPa, bending 7.7MPa, which is 36 more than the compressive strength and almost 10 more than the bending strength of the nonadditive composition.
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Kochish, Ivan I., Petr A. Krasochko, Elena A. Kapitonova, Aleksandr A. Lysenko, Roman A. Krivonos, and Oleg Yu Chernykh. "Hygiene of microbiota of broiler chickens with introduction of sorbent additive based on tripoli." Veterinaria Kubani, no. 6 (December 16, 2020): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33861/2071-8020-2020-6-25-27.
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Currently, mycotoxicosis and losses of poultry farming from non-communicable diseases are not a solved problem. The microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens, under the influence of the feed components, undergoes a qualitative change throughout the entire period of poultry growing. Authors in dynamics carried out studies to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota of broiler chickens and its response to the impact of the feed additive «MeKaSorb». Introduction of various sorbent additives into the diet, including those based on tripoli, improves detoxification processes, regulates mineral, enzyme, hormonal and vitamin metabolism in the body of poultry. Ensuring maximum hygiene of the broiler microbiota allows to reduce the toxic load on the body of young poultry, ensure high safety of the livestock and get the maximum amount of products. Improving the sanitary quality and safety of food, as well as the prevention of diseases in poultry and humans is the most important task that must be addressed by the chief specialists at poultry farms. It has been established that the introduction of a patented additive-sorbent of mycotoxins based on tripoli «MeKaSorb» ensures the hygiene of the microbiota of broiler chickens, stimulates the growth and development of lacto- and bifidoflora, reduces the number of aerobic microorganisms and inhibits the reproduction and colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by bacteria of the intestinal group. Feed additive «MeKaSorb» is recommended for use in compound feeds for preventive purposes when growing poultry.
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Lam, Nguyen Doan Tung, and Svetlana V. Samchenko. "Complex modifier based on alumina cement and pozzolanic addition." Vestnik MGSU, no. 5 (May 2023): 709–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2023.5.709-716.
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Introduction. The most popular binders for the concrete production are inorganic binders. Composite binding agents (CB) based on Portland cement are increasingly being used to produce high-quality concretes, improve the efficiency of cement use in concrete, as well as to solve the problem of energy and resource saving by reducing the amount of clinker inthe cement composition.
Materials and methods. The properties of a composite binder consisting of Portland cement, alumina cement, natural gypsum and an active mineral additive, were studied. The Box – Wilson experiment design method was used. To determine the standard consistency of the cement paste, the standard test method was chosen according to GOST 310.3–76.The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Building Materials Science of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering.
Results. It was found that with the introduction of additives normal density of the cement paste increases. This is explained by the fact that the composition of the complex additive includes tripoli and alumina cement. Tripoli is a natural porous rock with a highly developed surface. Alumina cement has a great influence on the normal density and setting time as it reacts very quickly to form new hydration compounds in the first minute from the start of mixing the binder with water.The dependence of normal density on the quantitative content of additives is presented as a regression equation and surface image.
Conclusions. Based on the results of this study, in the future the authors will continue to study the properties of binders based on a complex expanding and pozzolanic addition.
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BARAKHOV, Anatoly, Natalia CHERNİKOVA, Tamara DUDNİKOVA, Andrey BARBASHEV, Svetlana SUSHKOVA, Saglara MANDZHİEVA, Vishnu D. RAJPUT, et al. "Role of sorbents in early growth of barley under copper and benzo(a)pyrene contaminated soils." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1177672.
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In modern economic and industrial realities, agricultural lands are often located next to industrial areas, which leads to soil contamination and, as a result, agricultural products with pollutants. Pollution of soils and plants by several pollutants of various nature has acquired huge proportions. There is a threat of migration of dangerous ecotoxicants, including heavy metals and benz[a]pyrene, one of the main persistent compounds, a marker of PAH soil contamination, along trophic chains that may be dangerous to public health. This study examines the use of various types of mineral sorbents (Tripoli, Brown coal, Diatomite) and mineral sorbents (Biochar, Granular activated coal) to reduce the toxic effects of pollutants on the sources of anthropogenic emissions of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adjacent to the sources. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was found that the sorbents have a high specific surface area. With the help of phytotesting in combined contaminated soils, the optimal dose of sorbent administration was determined at the level of 1% and 2% for various pollution variants. In addition, the analyzed sorbents are ordered by the effect of reducing the phytotoxicity of combined soil pollution. It was found that the introduction of sorbents into contaminated soil contributed to an increase in the morphometric parameters of the test culture - barley (Hordeum sativum distichum), which confirms the effectiveness of the sorption remediation of jointly contaminated soils with heavy metals and benz(a)pyrene.
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Gamko, L. N., D. A. Pilyughaytsev, and E. A. Lemesh. "The influence of the smectite tripoli natural mineral additive in the grain feed mixture on the calves productivity during milk period." Agrarian science 321, no. 1 (January 2019): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2019-321-1-27-30.
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Leskó, Máté Zsigmond, Richárd Zoltán Papp, Boglárka Anna Topa, Ferenc Kristály, Tamás Vigh, and Norbert Zajzon. "Smectite appearance in the footwall of the Úrkút manganese ore deposit, Bakony Mts., Hungary." Central European Geology 62, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/24.62.2019.02.
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The Úrkút manganese ore deposit (Transdanubian Range, Hungary) is one of the largest manganese accumulations to be formed during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. In the past 60 years, the area was investigated intensively. The core storage facility of the manganese mine had more than 20,000 sample pieces. Most of these samples have never been investigated. During this study, which is the first widespread clay mineral study in the footwall of the Úrkút manganese ore deposit, we investigated 40 samples from seven boreholes (footwall rocks, black/gray shales below and above the first ore bed, and manganese carbonate ores). Although previous studies assumed that smectite is associated only with the ore beds, our research revealed its appearance in the footwall (Pliensbachian) as well. Simultaneously, tripoli (the local name of completely bleached chert) can also be found in the footwall. Based on the investigated samples, a sharp geochemical difference was detected between Pliensbachian and Toarcian sediments. In this paper, we try to trace the relationship between the smectite content of the footwall and the ore bed and compare these results with the observed geochemical changes. Based on the new data, we assume that the ore accumulation was caused by a flow system (upwelling-controlled ore formation).
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Vishnyakova, Anastasia, Nadezhda Popova, Grigoriy Artemiev, Ekaterina Botchkova, Yuriy Litti, and Alexey Safonov. "Effect of Mineral Carriers on Biofilm Formation and Nitrogen Removal Activity by an Indigenous Anammox Community from Cold Groundwater Ecosystem Alone and Bioaugmented with Biomass from a “Warm” Anammox Reactor." Biology 11, no. 10 (September 29, 2022): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11101421.
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The complex pollution of aquifers by reduced and oxidized nitrogen compounds is currently considered one of the urgent environmental problems that require non-standard solutions. This work was a laboratory-scale trial to show the feasibility of using various mineral carriers to create a permeable in situ barrier in cold (10 °C) aquifers with extremely high nitrogen pollution and inhabited by the Candidatus Scalindua-dominated indigenous anammox community. It has been established that for the removal of ammonium and nitrite in situ due to the predominant contribution of the anammox process, quartz, kaolin clays of the Kantatsky and Kamalinsky deposits, bentonite clay of the Berezovsky deposit, and zeolite of the Kholinsky deposit can be used as components of the permeable barrier. Biofouling of natural loams from a contaminated aquifer can also occur under favorable conditions. It has been suggested that the anammox activity is determined by a number of factors, including the presence of the essential trace elements in the carrier and the surface morphology. However, one of the most important factors is competition with other microbial groups that can develop on the surface of the carrier at a faster rate. For this reason, carriers with a high specific surface area and containing the necessary microelements were overgrown with the most rapidly growing microorganisms. Bioaugmentation with a “warm” anammox community from a laboratory reactor dominated by Ca. Kuenenia improved nitrogen removal rates and biofilm formation on most of the mineral carriers, including bentonite clay of the Dinozavrovoye deposit, as well as loamy rock and zeolite-containing tripoli, in addition to carriers that perform best with the indigenous anammox community. The feasibility of coupled partial denitrification–anammox and the adaptation of a “warm” anammox community to low temperatures and hazardous components contained in polluted groundwater prior to bioaugmentation should be the scope of future research to enhance the anammox process in cold, nitrate-rich aquifers.
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Samchenko, Svetlana V., Dmitriy A. Zorin, Nguyen D. T. Lam, and Tang V. Lam. "Influence of the content of complex additives on the deformation properties of cement." Stroitel'stvo: nauka i obrazovanie [Construction: Science and Education] 13, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2023.1.10.
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Introduction. When using concrete and reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to overcome problems associated with the quality of concrete to shrink in size and experience shrinkage during hardening and drying. To solve problems with shrinkage, special attention is paid to the materials that, when added to ordinary portland cement, make it possible to obtain non-shrinkable, expanding types of cements. A well-known way of producing expanding cements is to grind cement clinker, gypsum and a special additive together. In addition, the introduction of active mineral additives with pozzolanic properties allows to compact the structure of the cement stone, reduce porosity, increase strength and reduce shrinkage. They also save the clinker for the cement production, help to reduce the cost of production and help to reduce the burden on the environment. One of these mineral additives is tripoli. Materials and methods. The effect of additives content on the deformation property of the composite binger was studied using the experiment planning method. Deformation of cement at the age of 2, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days were determined in accordance with the method of results processing in accordance with GOST R 56727–2015, GOST 11052–74. The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Construction Materials Science of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. Results. The results obtained are presented as the surface of a second level regression equation describing the dependence of the blinder deformation on the content of complex expanding and pozzolanic additives. As a result of the experiments conducted, the composition with the maximum expansion and the composition with maximum shrinkage using complex additives were obtained. The results will be further used to predict the deformation properties of the binder. Conclusions. Based on the results of this study, the authors will continue to study the properties of binders based on a complex expanding and pozzolanic additive in the future.
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Kiose, T. O., T. L. Rakytska, and K. O. Holubchyk. "CATALYST BASED ON PALLADIUM(II), COPPER(II) COMPOUNDS AND THERMALLY-MODIFIED TRIPOLI FOR THE PREPARATION OF RESPIRATORY REMEDIES FROM CARBON MONOXIDE IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS." Odesa National University Herald. Chemistry 28, no. 3(86) (October 25, 2023): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2304-0947.2023.3(86).297803.
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Nowadays, the number of emergency situations related to fires is quite high. The high percentage of human deaths is mainly due to poisoning by gaseous toxic substances including carbon monoxide. The most problematic issue is the development or application of existing catalysts in means of individual protection of human respiratory organs – respirators, gas masks, self-rescuers. The compositions based on thermally modified tripoli obtained by the method of impregnation of the carrier by moisture content with compounds of copper(II), palladium(II) and potassium bromide were investigated. According to X-ray phase analysis, it was established that thermally modified tripoli is a polyphase crystalline mineral containing the following main phases: a-quartz, a-tridymite, b-cristobalite, a-cristobalite. The influence of the initial concentration of CO, which does not exceed 15 MPC, on the kinetic and stoichiometric parameters of the reaction varied in the range from 100 to 300 mg/m3. It was noted that the reaction rate in the stationary mode (Wst) is directly proportional to the increase in the initial concentration of carbon monoxide in the gas phase. The values of the constant kI and the degree of CO conversion (ηst) do not depend on CinCO, which also confirms the first order of CO concentration. Particular attention is paid to the aspects of ensuring protection against carbon monoxide when its concentration exceeds 15 MPC. Usually, special equipment, such as filtering self-rescuers, is used to clean the air from carbon monoxide at concentrations from 1000 to 6500 mg/m3. The catalyst developed by us is intended for use in lightweight personal respiratory protective equipment (RPE) at concentrations not exceeding 15 MPC. Therefore, there was an interest in researching the possibilities of using this catalyst in the self-saving filter system. The concentration of carbon monoxide in the gas-air mixture was varied from 400 to 2500 mg/m3 in the presence of the К2PdCl4-Cu(NO3)2-КBr/300-Tr(K) system. It was established that Wst increases in direct proportion with an increase in the gas-air mixture up to 1250 mg/m3, which indicates the first order of the reaction according to carbon monoxide. It was found that at CinCO = 1000 mg/m3 only under the condition τ´ = 1.13 s (mk = 10 g) the К2PdCl4-Cu(NO3)2-KBr/Tr catalyst provides air purification below the breakthrough CO concentration (CfCO = 200 mg/m3). Experiments on the influence of SO2 on the activity of carbon monoxide oxidation catalysts have shown that they lose their activity, so in air purification systems from CO, it is necessary to provide for the stage of capturing sulfur dioxide.
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Chernykh, Oleg Yu, Petr A. Krasochko, Irina A. Krasochko, Aleksey I. Albulov, Viktor N. Dubinich, and Marina V. Dubinich. "Development of complex adsorbent of mycotoxins BIOTOKS." Veterinaria Kubani, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33861/2071-8020-2020-1-19-22.
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Summary. Mycotoxins are secondary low molecular weight metabolites of micromycetes. These compounds most often contaminate feed and products of plant and animal origin. More than 400 mycotoxins have been described, of which 47 are highly toxic. For the prevention of mycotoxicosis of farm animals and poultry in the process of intensive management of animal husbandry, organic, inorganic and complex mycotoxin adsorbents are used. The complexity of adsorption of secondary metabolites of micromycetes is caused by the heterogeneous physicochemical properties of both the mycotoxins (molecular polarity, molecular weight, etc.) and adsorbents. We investigated the general sorption capacities of organic and inorganic components for designing the mycotoxin adsorbent and the «Biotox» complex mycotoxin adsorbent, as well as the degree of adsorption and desorption of regulated mycotoxins when interacting with some modifications of chitosan. As a result of the research, it was found that chitosan succinate (150.13 ± 0.17) and spirulina (142.12 ± 0.10) have the highest total sorption capacity. When determining the level of adsorption of regulated mycotoxins, it was established that all modifications of chitosan effectively bind toxic metabolites of micromycetes. However, based on the results of studies of the total sorption capacity, data on the sorption and desorption of mycotoxins and the dynamics of the processes, chitosan succinate has the best performance. To construct the complex adsorbent of mycotoxins, we used: Tripoli (as a mineral component), chiosan succinate (as an organic adsorbent and at the same time as a prebiotic), lacto-and bifidobacteria to restore the intestinal microflora in mycotoxicosis. Adsorbents with different contents of modified chitosan were developed: 3% and 10%, with a total sorption capacity of 30.04 ± 0.02 mg / g. and 91.3 ± 0.05 mg / g. respectively.
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Algusbi, Saleha Alarabi. "STUDY OF RISK FACTORS FOR TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION IN PREGNANT AND NON-PREGNANT WOMEN IN WESTERN REGION OF LIBYA: USING QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY." Scientific Journal of Applied Sciences of Sabratha University 1, no. 1 (December 27, 2018): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47891/sabujas.v1i1.25-38.
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The study was conducted to determine the occurrence of risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection amongst pregnant and non-pregnant women at Sabratha Teaching Hospital and Surman Clinic. The study included cities from the Western region of Libya (Sabratha, Surman, El-Ajelat, Motred, Abo essa, Al-Sabreya and Tripoli). A total of 65 women, 41 pregnant and 24 non-pregnant with the average age from 20 and over 41 years were included in this study. Interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire survey. The water consumed level originated from treated water (50.8%), mineral water (36.9%), wells water (10.8%) and taps water (1.5%). The majority (87.7%) consumed Chicken meat more often, whilst (53.8%) consumed Beef, thoroughly cooked meat was preferred by (87.7%). Few (1.5%) used gloves when dealing with meat. All respondents washed fruits and vegetables before consumption, consumed milk was (66.2%) of the women, while (10.8%) preferred unpasteurized milk. Only (4.6%) of women owned cats, whilst 6.2% handling them, and 33.8% were in contact with soil. (47.6%) has O blood type. 63.1% of total respondents were pregnant women, of them 70% were aborted previously one time and 14.8% were aborted two times, 11% were aborted three times and 3.7% were aborted four times. The majority of them had some knowledge about toxoplasmosis but few known of the transmission mechanism. Also the study revealed that (3.70%) of aborted respondents was owning cats or dogs, 40.7% of them were dealing with soil and all previously aborted respondents were not using gloves while handling meat. Comparison between previous abortion incidences and consumption of milk showed that 70.4% of aborted women were consumed milk daily, and regarding water sources 55.6% of aborted respondents consumed treated water and 18.5% of them consumed wells or taps water. Knowledge of these risk factors will help to reduce and prevent toxoplasmosis. The study needs further health education to increase awareness of risk factors of toxoplasmosis.
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Mordasov, D. M., and M. D. Mordasov. "Phase Composition of Silicon in the Krasnoslobodsky Deposit of the Tambov Region." Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta 27, no. 1 (2021): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/vestnik.2021.01.pp.124-131.
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The study of the chemical and phase compositions of tripoli from Krasnoslobodskoye deposit in the Tambov region was carried out using modern equipment. Using the X-ray fluorescence analysis, the main elemental composition of the rock under study was established, determined mainly by the compounds of Si, Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Ti, P, S, Na. It is shown that the proportion of silicon dioxide in the sample under study exceeds its content in tripoli from many Russian deposits and neighboring countries. The X-ray phase analysis with subsequent interpretation of the diffraction pattern showed that tripoli contains minerals of amorphous opal, microcrystalline - and -cristobalites as structural forms of silica, as well as small amounts of quartz, illite and montmorillonite impurities.
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McLachlan, K. "Libya's Oil Resources." Libyan Studies 20 (January 1989): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900006749.
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Libya is by most definitions an oil-based economy. Yet academic study of the national oil industry is at best fragmentary. The reasons for the poor showing of the Libyan oil industry in the literature stem partly from the relative decline in its international importance since the mid-1970s and partly from the ambiguity over acknowledgement of the role of the oil industry within Libya.The growth of the Libyan oil industry dates from 1951 and the coming of national independence. There had been surveys of a small scale and technologically limited kind in Libya in the Italian period. Some shows of oil had been discovered in Tripolitania as early as 1914 when water wells were drilled to supply Tripoli city (Waddams 1980, 27). Other oil was discovered in Tripolitania in the 1930s and a full scale exploration programme was prepared in the years 1937–1940 by the Italian national oil corporation under the geological guidance of Professor Ardito Desio, but never fully implemented due to the onset of war. Indeed, Desio was to return as a consultant to the oil companies working in Libya in the 1950s.In 1953 a mineral law was issued which paved the way for the grant of concessions to foreign oil companies to explore and develop oil resources. A petroleum law was promulgated in 1955 which offered rather more favourable terms on fees, rents, royalties and expensing to the oil companies than were available in other longer established oil producing states of North Africa and the Middle East (cf. Waddams, 1980, 57–70). At the same time, the assets of the oil companies in Libya were given far reaching protection under amendments of the petroleum law. The consequence of the generous operating terms of this and subsequent revisions of the law (1961 and 1965) was a rapid growth in the number of concessionaries exploring for oil within the country. The open-door policy pursued by the government was much criticised at a later period. Undoubtedly, however, it did succeed in attracting a wide spectrum of oil companies into Libya, including the major ones, such as Esso, Royal Dutch/Shell, Texaco, Gulf, BP and Mobil, together with many small independent interests. The best international techniques for exploration and development were put to work in Libya within a very short space of time, bringing the country rapidly into the ranks of the main oil-exporting states. Oil exports began on a commercial scale in September 1961 from Esso's Zelten fields in the Sirtican area, concession No. 6.
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Mordasov, D. M., and M. D. Mordasov. "X-ray spectral analysis of activated tripoli from Krasnoslobodskoye deposit of Tambov region." Materials Science, no. 1 (2022): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31044/1684-579x-2022-0-1-41-46.
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The features of the change in the composition of rock-forming minerals during thermal activation of tripoli were established. At temperatures above 500°С, decomposition of clay minerals occurs with the formation of a high-temperature modification of aluminum oxide. In the temperature range of 200-500°С, the ordering of the amorphous opal-cristobalite structure increases due to phase changes in cristobalite, a further increase in temperature leads to its transformation into tridymite.
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Shatalov, M. M. "PROFESSOR ROMAN ROMANOVYCH VYRZHYKIVSKY. To the 130th anniversary of the birthday." Geology and Mineral Resources of World Ocean 17, no. 4 (2021): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/gpimo2021.04.052.
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Among geologists of the 20—30 years of the twentieth century. the leading place in Ukraine was occupied by the repressed in 1937, professor Roman Romanovych Vyrzhykivsky (1891—1937). At the Kiev University of St. Vladimir, he was a very capable student of N.I. Andrusov and the famous petrographer and mineralogist, professor, later academician V.I. Luchitsky. In the history of geological science, R.R. Vyrzhykivsky entered as a researcher of the Black Sea region, and the south-west of the European part of the USSR (Ukraine, Moldova), as well as a talented organizer of geological work, a brilliant surveyor geologist, tectonist and an outstanding hydrogeologist. The scientist was the head of geological survey work in Transnistria and prepared for printing the first geological map of 10 versts scale — «Transnistria» (Dniester region). Later, this map became the basis for prospecting and exploration of mineral deposits in Transnistria. In the studied region, he first discovered numerous deposits of phosphorites, cement raw materials, kaolin, flint, building sands, sandstones, tripoli, lithographic stone and underground drinking water. At the same time, the young scientist described for the first time a unique ridge of reef limestones of Middle Sarmatian age, which he traced in the meridional direction from the lower reaches of the river Kamenka along its left bank to the north, in Podillia. In the Shargorod region of Transnistria (Dniester region), the scientist found Paleogene marine deposits, and he identified the Podolsk stage in the Miocene layers of Podolia. In a number of scientific works of Roman Romanovich, data are presented in the field of fault-block tectonics and neotectonic movements of Transnistria and the Black Sea region. R.R. Vyrzhykivsky also considered the issue of modern transgressions of the Black Sea in the most complete way. This work of the scientist was one of the first evidence of the manifestation of the latest tectonic movements in the region of the Northern Black Sea region and the Black Sea. R.R. Vyrzhykivsky rightfully belongs to the galaxy of the greatest scientists—hydrogeologists of Ukraine and Moldova. In particular, he laid the foundations for the hydrogeological zoning of the territory of Moldova for the first time. Within Moldova, he identified the Middle Sarmatian, Cretaceous and Silurian water-saturated horizons. Merits of R.R. Vyrzhykivsky in the field of hydrogeological problems of Ukraine can hardly be overestimated. He made a huge practical contribution to the water supply of large industrial cities and agglomerations of the country. In 1932 R.R. Vyrzhykivsky published the monograph «Hydrogeology» in Ukrainian, which played a huge role in the training of national hydrogeologists. In it, he for the first time presented the results of the hydrogeological zoning of the territory of Ukraine. It is important that the hydrogeological zoning scheme, with minor changes, is still being used by the hydrogeologists of our country.
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Liopo, Valerij, Sergey Avdejchik, Alimjon Ryskulov, and Vasilij Struk. "NATURAL LAYER SILICATE AS A MODIFIER FOR POLYMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES." Engineering Structures and Technologies 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2010): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/skt.2010.01.
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In the building industry increasingly used for the manufacture of structural and finishing materials are silicate-containing nanocomposites, which include multi-functional modifiers, natural substances: mica, clay, zeolites, tripoli, etc. The physical basis of the implementation mechanism of the modifying effect of nano-sized particles of silicate-containing minerals in high-matrices is considered. A significant contribution to the charge state of nanoparticles in the mechanism of forming the structure of the optimal structure is shown.
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Semechkova, Lyubov' Viktorovna, and Lyudmila Leonidovna Nesterova. "SILICEOUS-OPAL RAW MATERIAL OF AKRESHEVSKY PLOT (KHMAD-YUGRA) AND ITS DETAILED MINERAL GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION." Yugra State University Bulletin 13, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu201713312-20.
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Granulometric composition was defined for gravel-sandy siliceous-opal raw material of Akreshevsky plot (KhMAD- Yugra) and mineralogical-petrographic composition of sifted sandy fraction.Overwhelming majority of sample throughout plot contains gaize-tripolite rocks of siliceous-opal matter which ranging from 13 % to 62 %, on average 33 % throughout plot. Usage similar siliceous deposits by way of diverse sorbents can contribute to the improvement of the ecological situation in our district.
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Jeridi, Mouna, Sazada Siddiqui, Ayesha Siddiqua, Dalia Abdel Moneim, Ekhlas Ali Morfeine Aika, Fatma Zahrani, Manar Essenidi, and Ali Ferchichi. "Nutritional Analysis of Fresh Banana Fruits (Musa Spp.) Grown in South Tunisia." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 52, no. 2 (June 25, 2023): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v52i2.67010.
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Partial nutritional analysis including total polyphenols, vitamin C, total soluble solids (°Brix), soluble sugars and mineral constituents was evaluated for the banana fruits derived from six triploid Musa accessions grown in coastal oasis of south of Tunisia. Results showed that pH values ranged from 5.44 to 6.01. The °Brix values varied between 4.00 g/100 g (Fresh weight) FW in ‘Arbi IRA’, and 1.33 g/100 g FW in ‘Lobnani’. Carbohydrates were quantified in all tested samples of the six accessions of banana fruits whereas sucrose was detected only in four accessions. The highest values of glucose, fructose and sucrose were 2.7, 3.37and 1.8 g/100 g FW, respectively. Total polyphenols content ranged from 46.0 to 55.08 mg GAE /100g FW. Vitamin C was detected in smaller quantity. Regarding the mineral composition K, P and Na were found in relatively large quantities in banana fruits whereas the levels of Mg and Ca were medium. Significant disparities were detected in mineral contents of banana samples. The micro-elements composition such as zinc, copper, iron and magnesium varied according to the tested accessions. The analysis showed a high Fe content of up to 1945 mg/100g dried matter. Therefore, banana fruits may be recommended for daily supplies of Fe, K and other mineral elements. Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(2): 253-260, 2023 (June)
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Hotes, Stefan, Peter Poschlod, Hiroshige Sakai, and Takashi Inoue. "Vegetation, hydrology, and development of a coastal mire in Hokkaido, Japan, affected by flooding and tephra deposition." Canadian Journal of Botany 79, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 341–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b01-011.
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Mires in coastal lowlands in Hokkaido, northern Japan, have repeatedly been affected by flooding events and tephra (aerially transported volcanic ejecta) deposition during their development. Vegetation, hydrology, and stratigraphy of Kiritappu Mire in eastern Hokkaido were investigated along two transects and are discussed in relation to disturbance by mineral deposition. The vegetation pattern showed little relation to past geologic events. Five plant communities, two of which (A and C) could be further divided into subgroups, were distinguished (A, Alnus japonica - Spiraea salicifolia community; B, Sasa chartacea community; C, Myrica gale var. tomentosa - Sphagnum fuscum community; D, Carex lyngbyei community; E, Carex subspathacea - Aster tripolium community). Water levels, pH, electric conductivity, and ionic composition of groundwater and surface water were measured in communities A-C. Mean water levels were similar in communities A and C; in community B, it was lower. The pH was higher in community A than in communities B and C. Ion concentrations were influenced by sea water at some sites. Plant macrofossils and ash contents of 31 cores were analysed. Sedge roots were the dominant peat component, often mixed with remains of Phragmites australis, Sphagnum spp., and Polytrichum juniperinum var. strictum. Ash contents were high, and up to nine different mineral layers consisting of tephra, sand, silt, and clay were detected. In some cases, mineral deposition induced changes in the macrofossil composition of the peat. However, in a greater number of cases, no changes in the macrofossil composition were found at the mineral layers, and most shifts were not related to mineral deposition.Key words: mire, vegetation, hydrology, disturbance, flooding, tephra.
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Zhao, Ruirui, Yong Liu, Deborah S. Page-Dumroese, R. Kasten Dumroese, and Kai Wang. "Enhancing Soil Quality of Short Rotation Forest Operations Using Biochar and Manure." Forests 13, no. 12 (December 8, 2022): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13122090.
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Biochar and manure may be used to enhance soil quality and productivity for sustainable agriculture and forestry operations. However, the response of surface and belowground wood decomposition (i.e., soil processes) and nutrient flux to soil amendments is unknown, and more site-specific information about soil property responses is also essential. In a split-plot design, the soil was amended with three rates of manure (whole plot; 0, 3, and 9 Mg ha−1) and three rates of biochar (split-plot; 0, 2.5, and 10 Mg ha−1). Soil physical properties, nutrients, and enzyme activities were evaluated in two years. In addition, wood stakes of three species (poplar, triploid Populus tomentosa Carr.; aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx.; and pine, Pinus taeda L.) were installed both horizontally on the soil surface and vertically in the mineral soil to serve as an index of soil abiotic and biotic changes. Wood stake mass loss, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) flux were tested. The high rate of both manure and biochar increased soil water content by an average of 18%, but the increase in total soil P, K, organic carbon (C) content, and enzyme activities were restricted to single sample dates or soil depths. Wood stakes decomposed faster according to stake location (mineral > surface) and species (two Populus > pine). On average, soil amendments significantly increased the mass loss of surface and mineral stakes by 18% and 5%, respectively, and it also altered wood stake nutrient cycling. Overall, the decomposition of standard wood stakes can be a great indicator of soil quality changes, and 10 Mg ha−1 of biochar alone or combined with 9 Mg ha−1 of manure can be used for long-term carbon sequestration in plantations with similar soil conditions to the present study.
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Major, Nikola, Josipa Perković, Igor Palčić, Iva Bažon, Ivana Horvat, Dean Ban, and Smiljana Goreta Ban. "The Phytochemical and Nutritional Composition of Shallot Species (Allium × cornutum, Allium × proliferum and A. cepa Aggregatum) Is Genetically and Environmentally Dependent." Antioxidants 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2022): 1547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081547.
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Shallots are a perennial plant from the Alliaceae family, classified with the common onion under the name of the Allium cepa Aggregatum group. The term shallot is also used for diploid and triploid viviparous onions, known as Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad and Allium × cornutum Clementi ex Vis., respectively. In this study, we compared the dry matter, pyruvic acid content, sugar content, flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity and mineral composition of 34 shallot accessions falling into three shallot species (Allium × cornutum, Allium × proliferum and A. cepa Aggregatum). Shallot accessions belonging to the A.× cornutum and A. × proliferum groups are characterized by high dry matter content (around 25%), of which a little less than 50% is formed of inulin-type sugars, polysaccharides, considered an excellent prebiotic with beneficial effects on human health. On the other hand, accessions belonging to the A. cepa Aggregatum group have lower dry matter content and, as a result, lower pungency (measured as pyruvic acid content), making them more suitable for fresh consumption by a broader range of consumers, but, at the same time, abundant in phenolic compounds, especially quercetin and isorhamnetin glycosides. We also observed a greater biodiversity among accessions within the A. cepa Aggregatum group in all the analyzed physico-chemical parameters compared to the other shallot groups. The investigated shallot accessions have an excellent in vitro antioxidant capacity, as well as excellent nutritional properties.
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Meiler, Kristen A., and Vikas Kumar. "Organic and inorganic zinc in the diet of a commercial strain of diploid and triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Effects on performance and mineral retention." Aquaculture 545 (December 2021): 737126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737126.
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Okiotor, M. E., and E. J. Ighodaro. "Geochemical Appraisal of the Mamu Shales Exposed around Igodor in the Benin Flank of the Anambra Basin, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 3 (April 23, 2020): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i3.15.
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The Auchi area of Edo state which lies within the Benin flank of the Anambra Basin host shaly sediment exposures that have been classified by previous researches as units of the Mamu Formation. This study evaluated samples of this sediment from Igodor near Auchi for its geochemical and mineralogical properties, and intereted its, depositional environment and geotectonic setting. In order to achieve this, field studies were carried out and representative samples obtained for Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analyses of major oxides, trace and rare earth elements. X-Ray Diffraction analysis was also carried out to determine the mineralogical composition. Some of the minerals determined were Aragonite and galena. Binary plots, triplots and elemental ratio plots including SiO2/, Al2O3, Th/Sc, Th/Co and La/Sc , Th-Sc-Zr, and the abundance of Cr, Ni were employed to determine the provenance. The concentration of detrital indicators such as SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2, with averages of 51.95, 25.34 and 1.39 respectively, indicate high detrital influx into the Benin Flank of the Anambra basin. SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of 1.80-2.20, indicate that the shales were made up of pure kaolinite. The Ni and Cr abundance indicated a mafic and felsic provenance for the sediments, however, Th/Sc, Th/Co and La/Sc ratios show that the provenance was predominantly felsic, while the Th-Sc-Zr triplot shows that the depositional setting was passive.
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Hlevaskiy, V., O. Gorodetsky, and V. Kuyanov. "The role of genetic and biological features of plants in the formation of the sugar beet harvest at different sowing times." Agrobìologìâ, no. 2(174) (December 27, 2022): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2022-174-2-95-104.
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This article studied the influence of sowing dates of various biological forms of sugar beet on the productivity of root crops in specific soil and climatic conditions. The role of sowing dates on seed germination, the dynamics of the formation and drying of sugar beet leaves, the number of functioning leaves during the growing season, as well as the dynamics of the growth of the leaf surface area of sugar beets depending on varietal characteristics and sowing dates are shown. Both the lack and the excess of any factor negatively affect the productivity of plants. Therefore, when developing agricultural techniques for crop cultivation, it is important to take into account the timing of sowing, the specifics of the action of mineral fertilizers, the genetic properties of hybrids, climatic and weather conditions, soils, states of organogenesis, phases and interphase periods of plant growth and development. Operational management of the process of crop formation, taking into account varietal characteristics, during the growing season by selecting the appropriate agrotechnical measures and the terms of their implementation should be carried out taking into account the state of crops and meteorological conditions. The scientific basis for agrotechnical measures is the theory of the dynamics of crop formation. It was established that during the early sowing period, the reserves of productive moisture and nutrient reserves in the soil in the first half of the growing season are greater than in the later ones, which ensures the rapid development of the root system, the growth of the leaf surface, the increase in the mass of root crops and the accumulation of sugar in them. The highest yield of root crops and sugar yield per hectare was obtained when sowing triploid hybrid Okhtyrskyi and diploid hybrid ICB 0902 during the first sowing periods. Sowing beets five days later reduced yield by 3.8 t/ha and sugar content by 0.1 %. Late sowing dates sharply reduced the yield and sugar content of root crops. Key words: sugar beet, germination, yield, oneseeded, sugar content, sugar collection.
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Somfai, T., Y. Inaba, Y. Aikawa, M. Ohtake, S. Kobayashi, K. Konishi, and K. Imai. "223 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LENGTH OF CELL CYCLES, CLEAVAGE PATTERN, AND DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE DURING IN VITRO CULTURE OF IN VITRO-MATURED/IN VITRO-FERTILIZED BOVINE OOCYTES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 1 (2009): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv21n1ab223.
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In in vitro embryo production systems, there is a need to select embryos with good developmental competence at the early stages. This study was conducted to determine whether there was any relationship between the duration of the first 3 cell cycles, the cleavage pattern of the first cell division, and the developmental competence of embryos during in vitro culture. A total of 320 in vitro-matured and in vitro-fertilized bovine oocytes were cultured in microdrops of CR1aa medium supplemented with 5% calf serum covered by mineral oil in 5% CO2 and 20% O2 at 38.5°C. The kinetics of embryo development were measured by time-lapse cinematography. Embryos were classified according to their cleavage pattern at the first cell division. Of 285 cleaved embryos, 119 had 2 blastomeres of the same size (normal cleavage: NC), 49 had 2 blastomeres with multiple small fragments (multiple fragments: MF), 34 had 2 blastomeres and a protrusion (protrusion: PT), 45 showed direct cleavage from 1 cell to 3 or 4 blastomeres (3–4BL), and 60 oocytes cleaved to 2 blastomeres of different sizes (unequal blastomeres: UB). (Twenty-two embryos belonged to 2 classes.) After 175 h of culture, blastocysts were either subjected to differential inner cell mass/trophectoderm (ICM/TE) staining or karyotyped. The first and second cell cycles (mean ± SEM) of viable embryos (that could develop to the blastocyst stage) were significantly shorter than those of nonviable embryos (24.9 ± 0.3 h and 8.7 ± 0.1 h v. 26.6 ± 0.7 h and 10.0 ± 0.1 h, respectively); however, the length of the third cell cycle did not differ (P < 0.05, paired t-test). The duration of 1 cell stage in the NC group was significantly shorter than that of MF, PT, 3–4BL, and UB groups (24.7 ± 0.4 h, 26.6 ± 0.5 h, 26.3 ± 0.6 h, 26.0 ± 0.2 h, and 27.7 ± 0.9 h, respectively). The length of the second and third cell cycles did not differ among the groups. The percentage of NC embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage was similar to that of the 3–4BL group (66.9 and 56.7%, respectively) but was significantly higher than those of the MF, PT, and UB groups (40.5, 26.5, and 35.6%, respectively; P < 0.05, ANOVA). The mean cell numbers of NC blastocysts did not differ from those of the MF, 3–4BL, and UB groups but were higher than those of PT embryos (147.1, 155.6, 121.6, 146.4, and 115.1, respectively). There was no difference in ICM/TE rates between the groups. Unlike NC, MF, PT, and UB embryos, most (6 of 8 karyotyped) 3–4BL blastocysts had abnormal ploidy, such as haploid, triploid, mixoploid, or chaotic chromosome numbers, in blastomeres. Our results revealed that not only the length of the first cell cycles, but also the cleavage pattern during first cell division can be a marker of developmental competence and should be considered for the selection of good-quality embryos for embryo transfer. This work was supported by the Research and Development Program for New Bio-industry Initiatives.
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Shinkevich, E., A. Tertychny, and E. Lutskin. "ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ И СТРОИТЕЛЬНО-ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ РАСТВОРОВ." Problemy sovremennogo betona i zhelezobetona, no. 11 (December 23, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.35579/2076-6033-2019-11-21.
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В статье отражены результаты исследования влияния различных активных микро- и макронаполнителей, которые содержат кремнезем с различными величинами площади удельной поверхности, структурой и полиминеральным составом. Установлено, что исследуемые наполнители и различные типы пластификаторов могут по-разному влиять на процессы структурообразования и твердения растворов. Целью исследований является разработка оптимальных составов растворных смесей, модифицированных различными по происхождению и строению кремнеземистыми добавками, микро- и макронаполнителями и получение на их основе растворов различного назначения с высокими физико-механическими и эксплуатационными свойствами. В работе рассчитаны и проанализированы экспериментально-статистические модели, которые описывают влияния выбранных и обоснованных факторов состава на физико-механические и строительно-эксплуатационные свойства. Установлено, что физико-механические свойства растворов с минеральными добавками за счет оптимизации их составов могут быть значительно улучшены, так: прочность сцепления раствора покрытия со стяжкой возрастает в 3 раза, прочность на сжатие в 1,52,5 раза, в зависимости от типа используемого пластификатора толщина контактного слоя между стяжкой и покрытием составляет 1 мм, микротвердость шва и околоконтактной зоны 20,00, индекс звукоизоляции составляет 58 дБ. В результате исследований предложена схема формирования контактного слоя между стяжкой и напольным покрытием из прокладочного слоя с учетом влияния наполнителей различного вида для повышения адгезионной стойкости и снижения истираемости многослойной конструкции в виде пола. Показано, что большую роль играет содержание пористых наполнителей, которые содержат кремнезем в виде трепела полифаркционного состава Sуд2 Sуд3. Экспериментально подтверждена рациональность замены суперпластификатора С-3 на Melflux с целью интенсификации адгезионной стойкости модифицированных растворов.The article reflects the results of a study of the influence of various active micro- and macro fillers, which contain silica with different values of specific surface area, structure and mineral composition. It has been established that the studied fillers and various types of plasticizers can affect the structure formation and hardening of solutions in different ways. The aim of the research is to develop optimal compositions of mortar mixes modified with silica additives of micro- and macro-fillers of various origin and structure and to obtain solutions for various purposes with high physic-mechanical and operational properties on their basis. The paper calculated and analyzed experimental-statistical models that describe the effects of selected and justified composition factors on the physic-mechanical and construction and operational properties. It has been established that the physic-mechanical properties of solutions with mineral additives can be significantly improved by optimizing their compositions, as follows: the adhesion strength of a coating solution with a coupler increases 3 times, the compressive strength 1.5 - 2.5 times, depending on the type of plasticizer used, the thickness of the contact layer between the tie and the coating is 1 mm, the micro hardness of the joint and the near-contact zone is 20.00, the sound insulation index is 58 dB As a result of research, a scheme has been proposed for the formation of a contact layer between a coupler and a floor covering of a gasket layer, taking into account the influence of various types of fillers, in order to increase the adhesive resistance and reduce the abrasion of the multilayer structure in the form of a floor. It has been shown that the content of porous fillers, which contain silica in the form of tripoli of polyfraction composition Ss2 Ss3, plays a large role. The rationality of replacing the C-3 superрlasticizer with Melflux has been experimentally confirmed.
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Locsin, Javier A., Benjamin F. Trueman, Evelyne Doré, Aaron Bleasdale-Pollowy, and Graham A. Gagnon. "Impacts of orthophosphate–polyphosphate blends on the dissolution and transformation of lead (II) carbonate." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (October 25, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22683-2.
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AbstractOrthophosphate–polyphosphate blends are commonly used to control lead release into drinking water, but little is known about how they interact with lead corrosion scale. Conventional corrosion control practice assumes that orthophosphate controls lead release by forming insoluble Pb-phosphate minerals, but this does not always occur, and under certain conditions, phosphate blends may increase lead release. Here, we used continuously-stirred tank reactors to compare orthophosphate–polyphosphate blends with orthophosphate on the basis of lead (II) carbonate dissolution and transformation at environmentally relevant phosphate concentrations. Three model polyphosphates—tripoly-, trimeta- and hexametaphosphate—were used. Hexametaphosphate was the strongest complexing agent (1.60–2.10 molPb/molPolyphosphate), followed by tripolyphosphate and trimetaphosphate (1.00 and 0.07 molPb/molPolyphosphate, respectively. At equivalent orthophosphate and polyphosphate concentrations (as P), orthophosphate-trimetaphosphate had minimal impact on lead release, while orthophosphate-tripolyphosphate increased dissolved lead. Orthophosphate-hexametaphosphate also increased dissolved lead, but only over a 24-h stagnation. Both orthophosphate-tripolyphosphate and orthophosphate-hexametaphosphate increased colloidal lead after 24-h. Increasing the concentrations of hexameta- and tripoly-phosphate increased dissolved lead release, while all three polyphosphates inhibited the formation of hydroxypyromorphite and reduced the phosphorus content of the resulting lead solids. We attributed the impacts of orthophosphate–polyphosphates to a combination of complexation, adsorption, colloidal dispersion, polyphosphate hydrolysis, and lead mineral precipitation.
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Agangi, Andrea, Pearlyn C. Manalo, Ryohei Takahashi, Apivut Veeravinantanakul, and Marlina A. Elburg. "Magmatic evolution and metal systematics of back-arc volcanic rocks of north–east Japan and implications for deposition of massive sulphide Kuroko ores." Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 177, no. 12 (November 30, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01980-z.
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AbstractThe Hokuroku region of north-eastern Japan is endowed with important volcanic-hosted massive sulphide Zn–Pb–Cu deposits, which are considered the archetype of Kuroko (black ore) deposits worldwide. The bimodal, felsic-dominated volcanic succession that hosts the ore was deposited in a continental rift formed during continental extension in the final stages of the Miocene back-arc opening that led to the formation of the Japan Sea. In this study, we define some of the fundamental intensive parameters of this volcanism (temperature, pressure of crystallisation, fluid saturation, fO2) based on rock textures, and analyses of whole-rock samples, minerals and melt inclusions. Based on the melt inclusion analyses, we assess the behaviour of metals during magma evolution and degassing, and evaluate the possible implications for ore deposition. Plagioclase-melt geothermometry in felsic tuff and lava samples collected from both the units underlying and overlying the Kuroko indicates temperatures of 880–940 °C, and Fe–Ti oxide equilibrium indicates oxygen fugacity of ca. FMQ + 1.5. Melt inclusions have high-SiO2 rhyolite compositions (> 75 wt%, on an anhydrous basis), and the plot of normative mineral compositions in the granitic triplot indicates low pressure of magma stalling and crystallisation (< 1 kbar) at cotectic compositions. Melt inclusion metal contents plotted vs incompatible element Y suggest contrasting behaviour of different metals during fractionation and degassing. Zinc was mostly retained in the melt during crystallisation, whereas other metals, such as Pb, Cu, Sn and Mo, were released to an exsolving fluid phase. The latter may have thus been transferred to the hydrothermal system from a degassing magma. Shallow storage of relatively hot magma would have induced vigorous hydrothermal circulation on the seafloor, a precondition for ore deposition.
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Zhao, Ruirui, Deborah S. Page‐Dumroese, Yong Liu, Kai Wang, and R. Kasten Dumroese. "Biochar and manure additions increased above‐ and belowground wood decomposition, and soil enzyme activities in a sandy loam soil." GCB Bioenergy, November 14, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13110.
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AbstractWhile biochar and manure can provide considerable benefits to soil properties, how these amendments may alter soil microbial activity and decomposition processes remains unknown. In a split‐split‐split‐plot experiment, we amended a sandy loam soil with three rates of manure (whole plot; 0, 3, 9 Mg ha−1) and biochar (split‐plot; 0, 2.5, 10 Mg ha−1), and installed three species of wood stakes (split‐split‐split plot; triploid poplar, Populus tomentosa Carr.; trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx.; and loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L.) on the soil surface and in the mineral soil (split‐split plot) to serve as a substrate for microbial degradation. Wood stakes were sampled 3 years after installation to assess decomposition rates (mass loss), and changes in wood carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). In addition, soil extracellular enzyme activities at the 0–20 cm depth were examined. Biochar alone, especially 10 Mg ha−1, increased wood stake decomposition and moisture content on the soil surface and in the mineral soil. Manure at the rate of 9 Mg ha−1 increased soil N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase, α‐glucosidase, and aryl sulfatase activities by 91%, 17%, and 48% respectively. Because of the synergistic benefits of biochar and manure, we suggest that, in this climatic regime and soil texture, 10 Mg ha−1 biochar can be used for soil C sequestration and soil quality improvement, and 9 Mg ha−1 manure can be used in combination with biochar to build soil organic matter in plantations.
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Hulkko, Laura S. S., Ariel E. Turcios, Stéphane Kohnen, Tanmay Chaturvedi, Jutta Papenbrock, and Mette Hedegaard Thomsen. "Cultivation and characterisation of Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum biomass for green biorefinery applications." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (November 28, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24865-4.
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AbstractSalt-tolerant halophytes have shown potential for biorefinery and agricultural use in salt-affected soils, increasing the value of marginal lands. They could provide a bio-based source for compounds obtained from the petrochemical industry or an alternative for biomass currently imported overseas. Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum were cultivated in hydroponic systems under various salinity conditions, harvested green but not food-grade, and fractionated to green juice and fibre residue. Obtained fractions were characterised for contents of carbohydrates, Klason lignin, crude protein, organic acids, lipids, and minerals to evaluate the biomass’ suitability for biorefinery. Significant differences were observed in the biomass yield and the composition of the biomass fractions from different cultivation salinities. High concentrations of crude protein were found. Thus, these species could have the potential for green protein production. Fractions rich in carbohydrates could be used for lignocellulose processing and processes utilising micro-organisms.
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Sorice, Gian Pio, Mariangela Caporusso, Ludovico Di Gioia, Luigi Laviola, and Francesco Giorgino. "Effetti dei nuovi farmaci incretinici sulla salute dell’osso." L'Endocrinologo, February 28, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40619-024-01436-5.
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SommarioIl diabete mellito è una malattia cronica le cui complicanze correlate (specifiche e non) concorrono a ridurre la qualità e l’aspettativa di vita delle persone affette da diabete. Considerando la maggiore aspettativa di vita dei soggetti con diabete e le opzioni terapeutiche a disposizione (o disponibili nell’immediato futuro), la perdita di massa ossea e la fragilità ossea rappresentano uno degli aspetti più importanti tra le comorbidità diabete-correlate. Infatti, il diabete è una condizione fortemente predisponente lo sviluppo e il peggioramento dell’osteoporosi, interessando sia la popolazione giovane che adulta. Sia il diabete tipo 1 che quello di tipo 2, infatti, sono associati ad anomalie della massa ossea e ad aumentato rischio di fratture. Tra le recenti acquisizioni nel panorama farmacologico del trattamento del diabete mellito di tipo 2 (DM2), gli agonisti recettoriali del GLP1 (GLP1-RA) rappresentano ormai una delle opzioni maggiormente efficaci, in quanto in grado, tra gli altri effetti, di stimolare la secrezione di insulina in modo glucosio-dipendente, proteggere la funzione delle cellule $\beta $ β e sopprimere la secrezione di glucagone. Sebbene fosse atteso un impatto negativo a carico della massa ossea (per il calo ponderale in un lasso temporale relativamente ristretto), tra gli effetti extra-glicemici è stato riportato che i GLP-1RA possono aumentare la densità minerale ossea (BMD), migliorare la qualità ossea e prevenire le fratture nelle persone con diabete, agendo favorevolmente nei quadri di osteoporosi post-menopausale, glucocorticoide-indotta e senile. Considerando l’avvento dei doppi e dei tripli agonisti, sarebbe auspicabile una declinazione delle terapie antidiabetiche annoverando, tra le diverse caratteristiche (prevenzione CV, safety renale, effetto sul peso, rischio di ipoglicemie, per esempio), il potenziale impatto sulla salute dell’osso dei nuovi farmaci incretinici.