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Journal articles on the topic 'Trophy industry'
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Muposhi, Victor K., Edson Gandiwa, Paul Bartels, and Stanley M. Makuza. "Trophy Hunting, Conservation, and Rural Development in Zimbabwe: Issues, Options, and Implications." International Journal of Biodiversity 2016 (December 28, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8763980.
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Trophy hunting has potential to support conservation financing and contribute towards rural development. We conducted a systematic review of the Zimbabwean trophy hunting perspective spanning from pre-1890 to 2015, by examining the following: (1) evolution of legal instruments, administration, and governance of trophy hunting, (2) significance of trophy hunting in conservation financing and rural development, and (3) key challenges, emerging issues in trophy hunting industry, and future interventions. Our review shows that (i) there has been a constant evolution in the policies related to trophy hunting and conservation in Zimbabwe as driven by local and international needs; (ii) trophy hunting providing incentives for wildlife conservation (e.g., law enforcement and habitat protection) and rural communities’ development. Emerging issues that may affect trophy hunting include illegal hunting, inadequate monitoring systems, and hunting bans. We conclude that trophy hunting is still relevant in wildlife conservation and rural communities’ development especially in developing economies where conservation financing is inadequate due to fiscal constraints. We recommend the promotion of net conservation benefits for positive conservation efforts and use of wildlife conservation credits for the opportunity costs associated with reducing trophy hunting off-take levels and promoting nonconsumptive wildlife use options.
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Saayman, Melville, Petrus van der Merwe, and Andrea Saayman. "The economic impact of trophy hunting in the south African wildlife industry." Global Ecology and Conservation 16 (October 2018): e00510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00510.
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Lindsey, P. A., P. A. Roulet, and S. S. Romañach. "Economic and conservation significance of the trophy hunting industry in sub-Saharan Africa." Biological Conservation 134, no. 4 (February 2007): 455–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.09.005.
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Simon, Alexander. "The competitive consumption and fetishism of wildlife trophies." Journal of Consumer Culture 19, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540517690571.
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This article argues that trophy hunting is not an ahistorical phenomenon. Hunting for sport became popular among US elites in the late 1800s. Since this time, in addition to animal trophies being displayed as evidence of one’s economic and cultural capital, these commodities have served as symbolic evidence of their owner’s courage, skill, and fortitude. Currently, the hunting industry (i.e. sporting goods retailers, weapons manufacturers, and advertising supported media) seeks to perpetuate and expand these perceptions. Displaying animal trophies is unlike many other forms of competitive consumption, such as displaying expensive jewelry, in that the hunting industry has attempted to create the often false perception that these commodities required their owners to conquer dangerous and cunning opponents. Trophy hunting is unlike many other sports, in that economic resources, as opposed to skill, are often the primary factor in determining one’s success. Therefore, the use values of animal trophies are fetishized.
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Walls, Judith Louise, Nardia Haigh, and Anandh Gopal. "The pride and joy - and guilt - of trophy hunting: Emotional narratives in a contested industry." Academy of Management Proceedings 2019, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 12594. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2019.12594abstract.
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Blattner, Charlotte. "Can Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Help Overcome Regulatory Gaps of Animal Law? Insights from Trophy Hunting." AJIL Unbound 111 (2017): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2017.107.
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Cross-border trade, industry outsourcing, and increased animal migration are becoming pressing issues for numerous states and fundamentally challenge our conceptions of animal law as territorial. Instead of proposing that nations try to solve these problems by coming to agreement on low and mostly ineffective standards, this essay opens an unexplored and promising avenue for animal law: extraterritorial protection. Using the example of trophy hunting, the essay reveals the many established jurisdictional options that can help animal law to overcome regulatory gaps, and showcases how animal issues can thereby gain visibility on the international plane.
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Descubes, Irena, Tom McNamara, and Cyrlene Claasen. "E-Marketing communications of trophy hunting providers in Namibia: evidence of ethics and fairness in an apparently unethical and unfair industry?" Current Issues in Tourism 21, no. 12 (March 9, 2017): 1349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1299696.
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Косинова, Марина, and Marina Kosinova. "Soviet spreding of the cinema and film distribution during the second half of the 1940-ies. “Trophy movies” as the salvation of the film industry in the period of “malokartinye”." Servis Plus 9, no. 3 (August 28, 2015): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/12541.
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The article discusses the recovery process of the destroyed film industry during one of the most difficult periods — the post-war years. During the years of the great Patriotic war The Soviet urban chain lost more than 500 cinemas, located in major cities and industrial centers. Rural cinema network lost almost half of the cinemas (about 7000). The construction of new urban cinemas was carried out very poorly in the early postwar years; for 5 years only 77 theaters had been built. The film distribution, as spreading of the cinema, developed very slowly in the postwar years. In addition to purely economic problems, in these years our film faced difficulties of a different nature. Films shown on the Soviet cinemas were forcibly shifted in the direction of ideological and political propaganda that led to a narrowing of the genre and thematic range of the Soviet cinema. The results of the work of the film industry itself were also affected with the consequences of policy "malokartinye» the authorship of which is attributed to Stalin. The essence of it was a controversial idea: to spend on movies less money, but earn more. As a result the movie industry was in a very difficult position. In 1947 it was decided to release in USSR a lot of foreign films, announced «trophy». These films caused a lot of criticism on the part of Agitprop, and in fact, saved the Soviet film distribution in the late 1940s — early 1950s. Fascination with foreign «innovations» was inevitable: the decline of the Soviet film industry didn´t allow satisfying the screen with new Soviet films, and nobody reduced plan profits from film distribution to the Ministry of cinematography. A great help in further raising the income of film distribution was the expansion of old Soviet films. In addition, cinema directors took a rather ingenious attempt of the extension of the films shown on cinemas at the expense of shooting on film theatrical productions.
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Abidin, Crystal. "Somewhere between here and there." Journal of Digital Social Research 2, no. 1 (February 17, 2020): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33621/jdsr.v2i1.20.
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Despite our preparation for fieldwork, a majority of what ethnographers actually do in the field is based on ‘gut-feeling’, ‘sensing’, and ‘whim’. This paper is a piece of reflexive ethnography detailing a series of minor but important methodological decisions pertaining to researcher visibility throughout fieldwork in a digital community of social media Influencers. It details one anthropologist’s private negotiations during the foray into the Influencer industry by situating the self along various spectrums of conspicuousness. These confessional anecdotes of ‘behind the scenes’ labour can be taken as suggestions on how to negotiate one’s positionalities during ethnographic encounters between and betwixt physical and digital fieldsites. I detail these through six experiences from the field – as the esteemed guest, the exotic inbetweener, the willing apprentice, the trophy acquaintance, the concealed consultant, and the passing confidante – in which I negotiate being ‘seen’, being on ‘show’, and ‘seeing’ from somewhere between here and there.
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Kozakiewicz, Paweł, Agnieszka Jankowska, Mariusz Mamiński, Katarzyna Marciszewska, Wojciech Ciurzycki, and Mirela Tulik. "The Wood of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from Post-Agricultural Lands Has Suitable Properties for the Timber Industry." Forests 11, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11101033.
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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is a widespread species throughout Europe and at the same time is dominant in Polish forests and of key importance in the wood industry. Pine stands are subjected to numerous environmental stresses, and one of them is the different physico-chemical and biological properties of post-agricultural soils compared to forest soils, which may affect the properties of the resulting wood and its industrial suitability. The research material taken at the height of 1.3 m from tree trunks (breast height diameter, dbh) in the form of sections and discs was collected in an 80-year-old pine stand from four plots, representing former agricultural and ancient forest land, and two types of habitats: fresh coniferous forest and fresh mixed coniferous forest. The forest habitat trophy had a decisive impact on the dendrometric characteristics and properties of pine wood (density, modulus of elasticity, bending strength, and compressive strength along the tracheids). The history of soil use (post-agricultural or forestry) did not affect the analyzed pine wood properties. Regardless of the forest habitat type and soil type history, pine wood at the dbh height showed a variability of features typical of century-old cultivated stands. Individual pine trunks were characterized by significant individual variability.
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Van Der Merwe, Peet, Melville Saayman, and Riaan Rossouw. "The economic impact of hunting in the Limpopo province." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2015): 223–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v8i1.92.
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This study evaluated the economic impact of hunting on the regional economy of South Africa’s Limpopo Province. Data on biltong hunting was derived from a national survey conducted in 2009 and data on trophy hunting from the Professional Hunting Association of South Africa (PHASA). Using the input-output (social accounting matrix) and multiplier analyses, we found that the direct economic impact of hunting in the regional economy of the Limpopo Province, as a result of increased expenditure, exceeded R669 million (US$83.6 million). This direct impact resulted in a total economic impact in the order of R1.2 billion (US$150 million) and consequently in a multiplier effect of 1.76. With regard to employment, we estimated that some 8 382 jobs, in addition to those of the employees directly involved, may be dependent upon hunting in the province, which supports the notion that this is a viable and important sector of the tourism industry.
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Nilsen, Erlend B., E. J. Milner-Gulland, Lee Schofield, Atle Mysterud, Nils Chr Stenseth, and Tim Coulson. "Wolf reintroduction to Scotland: public attitudes and consequences for red deer management." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1612 (January 30, 2007): 995–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0369.
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Reintroductions are important tools for the conservation of individual species, but recently more attention has been paid to the restoration of ecosystem function, and to the importance of carrying out a full risk assessment prior to any reintroduction programme. In much of the Highlands of Scotland, wolves ( Canis lupus ) were eradicated by 1769, but there are currently proposals for them to be reintroduced. Their main wild prey if reintroduced would be red deer ( Cervus elaphus ). Red deer are themselves a contentious component of the Scottish landscape. They support a trophy hunting industry but are thought to be close to carrying capacity, and are believed to have a considerable economic and ecological impact. High deer densities hamper attempts to reforest, reduce bird densities and compete with livestock for grazing. Here, we examine the probable consequences for the red deer population of reintroducing wolves into the Scottish Highlands using a structured Markov predator–prey model. Our simulations suggest that reintroducing wolves is likely to generate conservation benefits by lowering deer densities. It would also free deer estates from the financial burden of costly hind culls, which are required in order to achieve the Deer Commission for Scotland's target deer densities. However, a reintroduced wolf population would also carry costs, particularly through increased livestock mortality. We investigated perceptions of the costs and benefits of wolf reintroductions among rural and urban communities in Scotland and found that the public are generally positive to the idea. Farmers hold more negative attitudes, but far less negative than the organizations that represent them.
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Santiapillai, Charles, Ajith Silva, Champika Karyawasam, Shameema Esufali, Salila Jayaniththi, Mano Basnayake, Vasantha Unantenne, and S. Wijeyamohan. "Trade in Asian elephant ivory in Sri Lanka." Oryx 33, no. 2 (April 1999): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1999.00041.x.
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AbstractElephants Elephas maximus have declined in range and number in the wild in Sri Lanka, from c. 12,000 at the turn of the nineteenth century to c. 4000 today. While in the distant past the decline in elephant numbers was due largely to indiscriminate killing by sportsmen and trophy hunters, today elephants are being killed primarily because they interfere with agriculture. Human-elephant conflicts have increased substantially in the recent past and ivory poaching has become a byproduct of such conflicts. Elephant tusks have been used traditionally in the ivory-carving industry in Sri Lanka since the time of the ancient kings. Until the turn of the century, very little ivory was imported from Africa because there was a plentiful supply of tuskers locally available. Sri Lankan ivory carvers started to use African ivory in 1910. Today ivory and fake-ivory products are sold openly to tourists in some 86 shops in the island. Before the listing of the African elephant in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), the value of raw ivory in Sri Lanka used to be $US228–285 per kg. After the listing, the price fell to $US72 per kg, reflecting a drastic drop in the demand for ivory from tourists. Many ivory carvers have switched to other jobs or are using substitutes (such as bone and horn) to produce fake-ivory carvings. Only about 7.5 per cent of bulls in Sri Lanka are tuskers and they are under poaching pressure outside protected areas. Given the rarity of tuskers in Sri Lanka, promotion of trade in ivory products, even locally, may pose a serious threat to their long-term survival in the wild.
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Saenz, J. R., G. T. Gentry, W. Forbes, B. Olcott, J. Chenevert, K. R. Bondioli, D. E. Sanders, and R. A. Godke. "17 WHITETAIL DEER OFFSPRING FROM ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION WITH EPIDIDYMAL SPERM HARVESTED FROM A HUNTER-KILLED BUCK." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 19, no. 1 (2007): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv19n1ab17.
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The ability to cryopreserve epididymal sperm from mature postmortem bucks has long been of interest to both wildlife conservationists and deer ranchers. At present, there is loss of valuable genetics from the hunter harvest of trophy males. Increasing adult body weight and antler size of adult males would be of substantial economic value to the deer hunting industry. In this preliminary trial, 6 yearling pen-raised Whitetail does (47 to 58 kg), in good body condition, were isolated from all bucks prior to the onset of the fall breeding season. Females were synchronized for AI with a 14-day caprine CIDR and 200 IU of eCG (IM) at the time of CIDR removal. Does were timed AI 60 to 63 h after eCG with one 0.5-mL straw of frozen–thawed Whitetail sperm. All sperm used for AI were harvested from a single mature Whitetail buck that was hunter harvested during the previous hunting season. Within 3 h after death, the testes with scrotum were removed, enclosed in a plastic Ziploc bag, and then placed in a Styrofoam ice chest containing frozen cold packs. The ice chest was transported to the laboratory where sperm were extracted at 4�C in the late evening (<12 h postmortem) by flushing the cauda epididymides with Triladyl� one-step extender (Minitube, Verona, WI, USA) in a retrograde flow from a small incision made in the cauda. The sperm–Triladyl mixture was flushed from the cauda incision into a sterile 50-mL tube using a 10-mL plastic syringe modified by heating and then stretching the tip until small enough to thread into the vas deferens. The sperm plus extender was then held at 4 to 10�C for 12 h and frozen at a concentration of <50 million/straw using a commercial bull freezing protocol (Genex Custom Collection Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA). A random sample of straws was then thawed, resulting in an overall post-thaw motility of 60%. The remaining straws were left frozen in liquid nitrogen until the next breeding season. On the first of December, does (n = 6) were given 0.1 mL of Domosedan� (Pfizer Animal Health, Groton, CT, USA) IV and inseminated transcervically using a modified caprine speculum. All does were handled in a custom-built deer barn, and AI was performed by one technician in a drop-bottom deer chute (Deer Handler; Delclayna, Alberta, Canada). At 48 days after AI, 3 of the 6 does (50%) were diagnosed pregnant by transrectal ultrasonography. All pregnant females gave birth, producing 5 offspring (1 male and 1 female singletons and a set of mixed sex triplets) that ranged from 1.9 to 4.3 kg and had a mean gestation length of 196 days (range = 190–203 days). In summary, results indicate that live offspring can be produced from epididymal sperm harvested from mature hunter-harvested Whitetail bucks. Further experiments are needed to optimize techniques and protocols for the harvesting and usage of these gametes.
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Lee, So-Rim. "When Neoliberalism and Patriarchy Conspire: Plastic Surgery in the South Korean Reality TV Show Let Me In." TDR/The Drama Review 64, no. 2 (June 2020): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00922.
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The South Korean reality TV show Let Me In uses visual storytelling conventions to situate its participants within heteronormative narrative tropes. Operating in an economy of shame that masks the gendered violence inflicted by patriarchy through a world-famous cosmetic surgery industry, Let Me In ironically proffers a possibility of reading cosmetic surgery as queer(ing).
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Khan, Cristina. "Constructing Eroticized Latinidad: Negotiating Profitability in the Stripping Industry." Gender & Society 33, no. 5 (July 26, 2019): 702–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891243219864912.
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Through the analysis of an 18-month ethnography at an exotic dance club located in the Northeastern United States (referred to as Playpen), I uncover how Latina exotic dancers manage their participation in exotic dance by deploying constructions of Latinidad as embodied cues. I focus on Playpen’s weekly event, “Latina Night,” to demonstrate how racialized, sexualized, and gendered constructs relative to Latinidad are produced and regulated in this exotic dance setting. Study participants draw on embodied markers to negotiate how their bodies are read. Those markers include nationality-based appeals, time elapsed since migration, and the ability to express constructions of Latinidad through dance performance. I draw on intersectionality as a conceptual tool, filtered through a sensibility to Latina/o/x lives and experiences, to analyze the nuances of racialization as experienced by Latinas. This approach destabilizes the U.S. black–white racial binary and opens intersectionality to a more nuanced understanding of the production of Latinidad. By approaching racialization as an embodied phenomenon, I elucidate how bodily markers, beyond skin color, become imbued with racialized meaning and condition racialized erotic capital. No less important is how participants draw on racialized, gendered, and sexualized tropes to benefit racialized erotic capital.
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Zhang, Tian Wen, Yue Peng Su, and Shen Ma. "A Preliminary Study of Ecopath with Ecosim to the Shrimp Pond Ecosystem." Applied Mechanics and Materials 88-89 (August 2011): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.88-89.423.
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Marine aquaculture is an important growing worldwide industry. An ecosystem approach to study the effects of aquaculture on shrimp ponds was implemented by using a trophic mass-balance model in order to estimate the potential effects of aquaculture and, therefore, to identify the species playing a key-role in ecosystem. Furthermore, the use of mass-balance models can provide important information to improve shrimp culture.
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Szczepanik, Petr. "Post-socialist producer." Critical Studies in Television: The International Journal of Television Studies 13, no. 2 (April 26, 2018): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749602018763546.
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This article focuses on a profession of key importance for understanding today’s screen industries in Central-Eastern Europe: the independent producer. Using the approach of critical production studies, the article focuses on producers’ ‘reflexivity’ to reveal how their professional identity is being constructed and how they are positioning themselves within the broader ecology of the media industry. By analysing a set of semi-structured interviews with Czech producers of all kinds, this article identifies five recurrent tropes related to their ‘self-conceptions’. The tropes demonstrate how the producers perform their identities differently from their UK or US counterparts: as largely disempowered, dependent on public support and on the powerful public service broadcaster, desperately looking for more stability, autonomy and recognition.
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Demetrious, Kristin. "‘Energy wars’: Global PR and public debate in the 21st century." Public Relations Inquiry 8, no. 1 (January 2019): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x18804283.
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‘Hashtags’, ‘trending topics’, ‘mentions’ ‘likes, ‘retweets’: the 21st century is distinctive for a range of new communication technologies, social practices and discourses that have framed public debate as “authentic”, “participatory”, “empowering” and “organic”. In this article, I explore a 21st century public relations (PR) campaign that is promoting neoliberal “solutions” to complex social and environmental problems, namely Burson-Marsteller’s 2014 campaign for coal industry client, Peabody Energy. The ‘Advanced Energy for Life’ (AEFL) ‘comprehensive global campaign’ to promote the idea of ‘clean coal’ in the alleviation of ‘energy poverty’ is but one in a succession of campaigns deployed by the coal industry since the 1980s. This article examines the reception of the AEFL campaign in Australia from January 2014 to March 2017. In doing so, it traces the movement of campaign tropes in the public sphere as well as prominent Twitter activity. It asks what purpose did the tropes serve and how they propelled debate. It also asks if resistance on Twitter can disrupt the ‘long period of suspended animation’ in public debate on energy policy. In tackling these questions with a critical lens, it aims to develop a greater understanding of the influence of global PR campaigns such as Peabody’s AEFL in public debate in contemporary settings.
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García-Poza, Sara, Adriana Leandro, Carla Cotas, João Cotas, João C. Marques, Leonel Pereira, and Ana M. M. Gonçalves. "The Evolution Road of Seaweed Aquaculture: Cultivation Technologies and the Industry 4.0." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 6528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186528.
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Seaweeds (marine macroalgae) are autotrophic organisms capable of producing many compounds of interest. For a long time, seaweeds have been seen as a great nutritional resource, primarily in Asian countries to later gain importance in Europe and South America, as well as in North America and Australia. It has been reported that edible seaweeds are rich in proteins, lipids and dietary fibers. Moreover, they have plenty of bioactive molecules that can be applied in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic areas. There are historical registers of harvest and cultivation of seaweeds but with the increment of the studies of seaweeds and their valuable compounds, their aquaculture has increased. The methodology of cultivation varies from onshore to offshore. Seaweeds can also be part of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), which has great opportunities but is also very challenging to the farmers. This multidisciplinary field applied to the seaweed aquaculture is very promising to improve the methods and techniques; this area is developed under the denominated industry 4.0.
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Luo, Yinyi, and Mark Richard Johnson. "How do players understand video game hardware: Tactility or tech-speak?" New Media & Society 22, no. 8 (October 17, 2019): 1462–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819880155.
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This article explores how video game players talk about the technological hardware they use to play games. The games industry is known for deploying often confusing and unclear ‘tech-speak’ terminology to convey the supposed value of new gaming hardware, drawing on tropes of numerical objectivity, ‘upgrade culture’ and the implicit obsolescence of previous technological iterations. However, we show a divide between supposedly objective tech-speak penned by the industry and the subjective experiences of users. Gamers rarely understand their gaming hardware through these marketing and advertising discourses despite their high visibility, instead framing the technology they engage with in intimately tactile, and more broadly contextual, terms. This highlights a significant disjuncture between the industrial and their perception of their audience, with implications for our understanding of ‘tech-speak’, its limitations, the video games sector and the consumers who purchase its products.
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BARRETT, ROSS. "Picturing a Crude Past: Primitivism, Public Art, and Corporate Oil Promotion in the United States." Journal of American Studies 46, no. 2 (May 2012): 395–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875812000084.
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This essay examines the first monument dedicated to the US oil industry, the Drake Memorial in Titusville, Pennsylvania (1899–1901), as an influential project of corporate self-representation. Commissioned by Standard Oil, the memorial shaped a public image for the petroleum industry that addressed concerns about the sustainability and social effects of oil capitalism, and established the key terms for a promotional discourse that would circulate throughout the twentieth century. This discourse, which I call “petro-primitivism,” reimagined the ultramodern oil industry as an extension of timeless practices rooted in an imagined archaic past. By shaping a primitivist spectacle that figured oil as an eternal component of the natural world and a primordial object of “human” endeavor, I argue, the Drake Memorial encouraged audiences to take the long view on oil: to adopt an expansive perspective that reconceived oil as a timelessly abundant element, and the boom-and-bust oil industry as an age-old venture. These tropes proved useful to the industry throughout the crises of the early twentieth century, reappearing in corporate displays and filtering into the rhetoric of industry advertising and publicity. Accordingly, I examine two later projects that appropriated the themes of petro-primitivism: the Sinclair Oil exhibit at the 1933–34 World's Fair, and Sun Oil's exhibit Oil Serves America at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia (1953–c.1962). Echoing the earlier Drake Memorial, these displays employed strategies drawn from public art and civic architecture to organize collective experiences around the image of oil. By examining these popular exhibits alongside the Drake Memorial, I aim to offer a new account of the promotional culture of the early petroleum industry that explores the intersections between the traditional arts and industry publicity and illuminates the vital role that cultural representations played in accommodating twentieth-century Americans to the dynamic structures of petro-capitalism.
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Bickford, Tyler. "The new ‘tween’ music industry: The Disney Channel, Kidz Bop and an emerging childhood counterpublic." Popular Music 31, no. 3 (October 2012): 417–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143012000335.
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AbstractThis article examines the expansion of the US children's music industry in the last decade. It considers the sanitising of Top 40 pop for child audiences in the Kidz Bop compilations, the entrance of Disney into the popular music market and the meteoric rise of tween music products such as High School Musical, Hannah Montana/Miley Cyrus, the Jonas Brothers and Justin Bieber. It shows that, as children increasingly consume mainstream musical products, in the converse dynamic children's artists themselves play an increasingly prominent role in popular culture and in many ways have taken the lead both in commercial success and in stylistic innovations. Examining public expressions of age-based solidarity among celebrity musicians associated with children, this article argues that children's music is increasingly articulated through tropes of identity politics, and represents the early stages of a childhood counterpublic.
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Moscaliuc, Mihaela. "Accessorizing (with) “Gypsyness” in the Twenty-first Century." Critical Romani Studies 2, no. 1 (November 15, 2019): 92–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.29098/crs.v2i1.35.
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Prefaced with a brief discussion of representation and cultural appropriation, this article examines how the fashion industry recycles and revamps hackneyed tropes that cast Roma into narratives of wanderlust, mystique, and transgression. Such tropes perpetuate epistemic injustice, compromise understandings ofRoma and their culture(s) within non-member groups, and curtail Roma designers’ rhetorical agency. I flesh out the discussion with the case of Mexican American designer Rio Uribe and his line Gypsy Sport and argue that, despite Uribe’s investment in social justice and much touted effort toward inclusiveness, he fails to acknowledge the unethical and harmful dimensions of his work. I turn to the fashion studio Romani Design (founded by Hungarian Roma designers Erika and Helena Varga) as an example of Roma initiatives that counter appropriative practices through reclaiming the heritage for self-representation and empowerment, then envision ways of intervening in the fashion industry’s co-option and misuse of Roma’s cultural heritage.
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Reynolds, Nancy Y. "NATIONAL SOCKS AND THE “NYLON WOMAN”: MATERIALITY, GENDER, AND NATIONALISM IN TEXTILE MARKETING IN SEMICOLONIAL EGYPT, 1930–56." International Journal of Middle East Studies 43, no. 1 (January 24, 2011): 49–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743810001194.
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AbstractThe specific ways that cloth—“foreign silks,” “durable Egyptian cottons,” and “artificial silks”—emerged as a potent and visible symbol through which to contest the relations of colonialism and establish national community in Egypt varied with the changing realities of Egypt's political economy. The country's early importation of textiles despite its cultivation of raw cotton, the growth of its state-protected local mechanized industry working long- and medium-staple cotton for a largely lower-class market, and that industry's diversification into artificial silk technologies all helped structure a shift from “foreign silks” to “the nylon woman” as tropes in popular and political discourse defining the limits of the national community and the behaviors suitable for it. Although artificial fibers considerably lowered the cost of hosiery and other goods, thereby expanding consumption, the use of synthetics like nylon rather than cotton subverted the goal of national economic unity between agriculture and industry.
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Dutkiewicz, Jan. "Transparency and the Factory Farm: Agritourism and Counter-Activism at Fair Oaks Farms." Gastronomica 18, no. 2 (2018): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2018.18.2.19.
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The American meat industry has a fraught relationship with the visibility of its operations and the public narrative about its treatment of animals. As activists have used photographs and videos to reveal the industry's normally hidden practices, those in the meat business have historically pushed back by increasing the secrecy of their operations. However, the last decade has seen the industry turn to a new strategy: aggressive public relations outreach rooted in the paradigm of transparency. Generally, these are highly mediated public relations exercises, but at Indiana's Fair Oaks Farms, tourists are physically invited onto a fully functional hog breeding farm, which doubles as an agritourism destination and a microcosm of the industry's public relations strategy. Fair Oaks relies on both the tropes of alternative farming tourism and on strategic revelation—including literal glass walls—to craft a publicly palatable narrative about factory farming and factory-farmed animals.
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Tibebe, Dessie, Feleke Zewge Beshah, Brook Lemma, Yezbie Kassa, and Ashok N. Bhaskarwar. "External Nutrient Load and Determination of the Trophic Status of Lake Ziway." Vol 3 No 2 (2018) 3, no. 2 (September 5, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30732/ijbbb.20180302001.
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Lake Ziway is shallow freshwater located in Northern part of Ethiopian Rift Valley. Expansions of the flower industry, fisheries, intensive agricultural activities, fast population growth lead to deterioration of water quality and depletion of aquatic biota. The objectives of the present study are to evaluate the spatial and temporal variations in the external nutrient load and determine the trophic status of Lake Ziway in 2014 and 2015. The nutrients and Chlorophyll-a were measured according to the standard procedures outlined in APHA, 1999. From the result Ketar and Meki Rivers catchment showed the major sources of external nutrient loads to the lake ecosystem. The mean external soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total phosphorus (TP), total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and total nitrogen (TN) loads to Lake Ziway were 230, 2772, 4925 and 24016 kg day-1, respectively. A general trend which was expected that the nutrient loads would be much higher in rainy season than in dry season. The mean concentrations of trophic state variables for TN, TP and Chla were 6700, 212 and 42 mg L-1, respectively. The mean values of TSI-TP, TSI-Chl-a, TSI-TN and TSI-SD were 79, 66, 81 and 83, respectively and the overall evaluation of Carlson Trophic State Index (CTSI) of Lake Ziway was 77. Therefore, the lake is under eutrophic condition. The mean values of TN: TP ratio was 48 which were very high. The trophic state index determined with chlorophyll-a showed lower value than those determined with all trophic state indices values of TN, TP, and SD which indicated that non-algal turbidity affected light attenuation for algal growth. This suggested that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient in Lake Ziway. Due to its importance as being the lake is an intensive agricultural site, management solutions must be urgently developed in order to avoid the destruction of the lake.
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Negrin, Llewellyn. "The dialectical nature of Cindy Sherman’s fashion photographs." Critical Studies in Fashion & Beauty 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/csfb_00013_1.
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This article seeks to interrogate the increasingly prevalent consideration of fashion photographs as ‘artworks’, independent of their commercial function. Using Cindy Sherman’s fashion photographs as a case study, I argue that they cannot be read either as a straightforward subversion of the fashion industry or, conversely, as totally subservient to it. While most of the writings about these works have focused on the ways in which they interrogate media constructions of feminine beauty ideals, the reasons for their embrace by the fashion industry have been largely neglected. I seek to address this lacuna by arguing that the challenging nature of Sherman’s fashion photographs, far from being antithetical to their commercial function, is precisely their source of appeal to the fashion industry. Her images are sought after by the fashion world, not because they adhere to the promotional tropes conventionally seen in fashion advertising but because they seek to distance themselves from them. This paradox can be explained by the fact that the economic success of elite industries such as haute couture rests increasingly on their ability to promote themselves as being ‘above’ commerce. It is this double-edged nature of her fashion photographs that enables them to operate simultaneously as critical interrogations of feminine ideals of beauty in an art world context, and as promotional tools within the fashion industry.
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Heuer, Claudia. "Marke Eigenbau." kma - Klinik Management aktuell 12, no. 05 (May 2007): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1574219.
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ELMA siegt in der Kategorie “IT-Konzept des Jahres”. Das selbst konzipierte und realisierte Entlassmanagement-Programm der Universitätsklinik Freiburg hat beim diesjährigen VHitG-Award die Nase vorn gehabt und wurde auf der Bundesgesundheitsgala mit der begehrten Trophäe ausgezeichnet. Dabei zeigte sich auch die Souveränität der Industrie, die diesen Preis seit 2005 vergibt.
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Apostle, Alisa. "The Display of a Tourist Nation: Canada in Government Film, 1945-1959." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 12, no. 1 (February 9, 2006): 177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031147ar.
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Abstract Between 1945 and 1959, the Canadian Government Travel Bureau experimented with the production of films to promote tourism that were shown in Canada and the US. As both propaganda and instruction, these films tell us much more than is immediately apparent, providing clues to post-war ideas about nation-building, economic reconstruction, citizenship, and the relationship between the state and consumer culture. Using established stereotypes of tourist venues and experiences, as well as creating tropes about government administration and the tourist “industry” itself, the political economy of the tourist trade was transformed in these films into a commodity for mass consumption.
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Barkin, Gareth. "COMMERCIAL ISLAM IN INDONESIA: HOW TELEVISION PRODUCERS MEDIATE RELIGIOSITY AMONG NATIONAL AUDIENCES." International Journal of Asian Studies 11, no. 1 (January 2014): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591413000181.
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While Indonesia's burgeoning private television industry has prospered through the country's democratic transition and the rise of popular Islam, it has remained ideologically constrained by many of the content restrictions established during Suharto's New Order era. One area in which producers have broken these norms is in the field of religious imagery, and the adaptation of religiously-themed narratives and tropes. This article – based on a long-term ethnographic study of television producers in Indonesia and the social institutions that influence them – explores the strategies and goals behind the industry's handling of the imagined religious audience. It asserts that the tension of appeasing cultural conservatives has been redirected by the industry into content that appeals to the much larger demographic of moderate Muslims, through the adaptation of narrative conventions and stylistic forms that draw on an array of global media traditions. It examines new genres and conventions invoked by producers in their efforts to both placate and mobilize religious sentiment among Indonesia's culturally heterogeneous population, arguing that these practices promote a successful, commercial Islam that largely comports with neoliberal subjectivity.
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Castro, Ana Margarida, Verónica Nogueira, Isabel Lopes, Teresa Rocha-Santos, and Ruth Pereira. "Evaluation of the Potential Toxicity of Effluents from the Textile Industry before and after Treatment." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (September 11, 2019): 3804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183804.
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The textile industry has an important role in the economic development of several countries; however, it consumes large amounts of water and generates huge quantities of wastewater. These effluents are of great environmental concern due to their complex chemical content, known by their toxicity and low biodegradability, which can cause harmful effects to the aquatic environment. In the present study, bioassays with aquatic species were employed to evaluate the toxicity of effluent samples collected before and after the treatments performed by the textile company. The toxic effects were investigated using four organisms, namely Aliivibrio fischeri, Raphidocelis subcapitata, Daphnia magna and Lemna minor, to represent different trophic levels. The ecotoxicological data confirmed that the raw textile effluent was very toxic, with A. fischeri being the most sensitive organism. While the toxicity of the effluent collected after the treatment performed by the textile company was clearly reduced, we still recorded sublethal toxicity to D. magna. These results highlight the importance of the bioassays for continuous monitoring of the toxicity of the treated effluents to prevent adverse effects on the environment. Further, results suggest that ecotoxicological data should be required in parallel with chemical data to better evaluate the safety of environmental discharges of wastewaters.
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Polack, Fiona. "Corporate and Worker Photographs of the Offshore Oil Industry: The Case of the Ocean Ranger." Journal of Canadian Studies 53, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 152–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.2018-0009.
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Images of hydrocarbon extraction at sea remain strikingly circumscribed. The most extensively circulated are either the work of professional industrial photographers employed by oil companies to take carefully vetted promotional shots, or of news photographers commissioned to document catastrophes. Corporate-sponsored photography enforces the massive scale of offshore rigs, their technological sophistication, and apparent ability to withstand the vicissitudes of the ocean; it also tends to imply that companies adhere to strict safety regimens, and equal opportunity hiring practices. Photographs created by offshore oil workers are not widely circulated in the public domain. However, three collections of images recently donated to Newfoundland and Labrador’s provincial archives offer new viewpoints on the oil industry. Lance Butler, David Boutcher, and Lloyd Major were all employed on the Ocean Ranger platform, which capsized off the coast of Newfoundland in 1982 with the loss of 84 lives–including Boutcher’s. The men’s images resituate, expand upon, and on occasions challenge tropes that predominate in corporate photography; the striking arrangement of David Boutcher’s snapshots in album format by his mother is also salutary. This essay argues for the necessity of “onshoring” the offshore, and claims that workers’ photographs can potentially help us do so through a variety of means.
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Sin, Y. S., and K. W. Chau. "Eutrophication Studies on Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 9-11 (November 1, 1992): 2551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0785.
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Tolo Harbour is an almost land-locked waterbody with only one narrow marine inlet to the open sea at Mirs Bay in the Eastern Waters of Hong Kong. Due to its enclosed nature, the waste assimilative capacity is very limited. Besides, it receives substantial pollutant loads from the two sewage treatment plants in the Tolo catchment, livestock rearing industry and other industrial discharges. The building-up of the organic matter and nutrients in the Harbour has caused an increasing occurence of red tides in the past decade. This paper describes the trophic status of the Tolo Harbour based on the monitoring stations results obtained from the Hong Kong Government with particular reference to the chlorophyll-a, secchi depth, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentration.
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Knee, Adam. "Where got ghost movie?: The boundaries of Singapore horror." Asian Cinema 31, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 55–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ac_00013_1.
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While acknowledging that the horror film is generally not considered a major part of the ‘Singapore new wave’, this article makes the case that Singapore horror films nevertheless merit closer critical evaluation not only because of their sustained output in a very small industry, but also because of their articulation of a range of issues germane to Singapore nationhood and identity ‐ issues which obtain in other Singapore films as well. The discussion surveys the entirety of the Singapore horror output from the 1990s onwards and draws out a number of key distinctive themes and trends, such as the referencing of Chinese supernatural beliefs and regional Southeast Asian spirits, and also the distinctive preponderance of horror narratives involving military or police. The films are then read in relation to broad tropes of gender, geography and regulation.
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Hutnyk, John. "Culture." Theory, Culture & Society 23, no. 2-3 (May 2006): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276406062700.
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Culture is considered as a key term in anthropology, now in critical mode, and to be worked through powerful tropes that lead to issues in politics, interpretation, translation, stereotype and racism. Anthropology is described as a cultural system itself, with a large supporting institutional apparatus, not unlike the culture industry as critiqued by Adorno and the Frankfurt School. The high mass culture/high culture distinction is considered and some distortions explained (away). Street culture and culture as (development) resource are evaluated, leading to an assessment of culture as souvenirs, trinkets and the ephemera of tourism as a modern commodity fetish. How this measures up to political struggles is again considered in the light of work by critics such as Fanon and those engaged with anti-imperialist struggles worldwide.
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Adriani, Arina, Churun Ain, and Sigit Febrianto. "Konsentrasi Nitrat Fosfat di Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat dan Sungai Silandak Semarang Concentration of Nitrates Phosphates in the Banjir Kanal Barat and Silandak Rivers in Semarang." Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 8, no. 4 (January 16, 2020): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v8i4.26550.
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Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat dan Sungai Silandak merupakan sungai yang alirannya bermuara di Teluk Semarang. Lokasi sungai yang berada di tengah kota dan padatnya aktivitas manusia (pemukiman dan industri), akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas air di sekitar aliran sungai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat serta untuk mengetahui status trofik Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat dan Sungai Silandak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15 Oktober – 1 November 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Penentuan titik lokasi sampling menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dilakukan di 7 (tujuh) titik dengan 2 (dua) kali pengulangan dari hulu sampai hilir dengan karakteristik penggunaan lahan berupa pemukiman, industri, perairan dan vegetasi. Data yang dianalisis adalah nitrat, fosfat, pH, oksigen terlarut, salinitas, kedalaman, arus, dan suhu. Nilai rata-rata konsentrasi nitrat di Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat yaitu 2,84 mg/l sedangkan fosfat yaitu 1,51 mg/l. Nilai rata-rata konsentrasi nitrat di Sungai Silandak yaitu 2,11 mg/l, sedangkan fosfat yaitu 1,39 mg/l. Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat dan Sungai Silandak termasuk dalam perairan mesotrofik berdasarkan konsentrasi nitrat, sedangkan berdasarkan konsentrasi fosfat dikategorikan dalam perairan eutrofik. Banjir Kanal Barat and Silandak Rivers are rivers whose flow empties into the Gulf of Semarang. The location of the river in the middle of the city and the density of human activities (settlements and industry), will affect the quality of water around the river flow. The purpose of this study was to determine land use around the river, to determine the concentration of nitrate and phosphate and to determine the trophic status of the Banjir Kanal Barat and Silandak Rivers. This research was conducted on 15 October - 1 November 2018. The method used in this study was descriptive method. Determination of sampling location using purposive sampling method, carried out in 7 (seven) points with 2 (two) repetitions from upstream to downstream with land use characteristics in the form of settlements, industries, waters and vegetation. Data analyzed were nitrate, phosphate, pH, DO, salinity, depth, current, and temperature. The average value of nitrate concentration in the Banjir Kanal Barat River is 2.84 mg/l while phosphate is 1.51 mg/l. The average value of nitrate concentration in Silandak River is 2.11 mg/l, while phosphate is 1.39 mg/l. The Banjir Kanal Barat River and Silandak River are included in the mesotrophic waters based on nitrate concentration, while based on phosphate concentration are categorized in eutrophic waters.
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Lambert Graham, Sage. "Impoliteness and the moral order in online gaming." (Im)politeness and Moral Order in Online Interactions 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 303–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ip.00014.lam.
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Abstract In recent years, eSports, online gaming, and live computer game streaming have grown into a global, multi-million dollar industry. In the context of online gaming, however, there is a prevailing moral order (Kádár 2017) that allows and perhaps even encourages impoliteness against female gamers, positioning them as inferior, unwelcome, or peripheral. Drawing from a corpus of over 150 hours of live game streams and concurrent open-forum chat, this paper identifies rituals and tropes (such as spam and banter) that reinforce gendered practices as they relate to the moral order in the online gaming setting. It then explores strategies used by one female gamer to manipulate the expectations of the online gaming medium and its hegemonic notions of femininity. In this way, she can resist a moral order which positions her as disempowered, and thereby gain social capital within the community.
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Lim, Sun Sun. "Manufacturing Hate 4.0: Can Media Studies Rise to the Challenge?" Television & New Media 21, no. 6 (July 26, 2020): 602–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527476420918825.
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This article reflects on the growing scourge of hate speech and its propagation via digital social media networks. It discusses how media studies has drawn attention to salient aspects of online hate speech including technological affordances, communication tactics, representational tropes, and audience response. It argues that insights from media studies are vital for unpacking the societal impact of the media and indeed for tackling a destructive force such as online hate speech. It further encourages media studies scholars to engage vigorously with colleagues in and across other disciplines to forge interdisciplinary research collaborations to address pressing societal issues. It urges media studies scholars to connect with the realms of industry, policy making, and civic society to ensure that the public discourse on the challenges of digitalization and mediatization is academically informed, evidence-based, and finely balanced.
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Mishra, Kumudini, and Amrita Khatri. "ALTERATION IN PROTEIN AND GLUCOSE LEVEL IN THE OVARY OF A FRESH WATER CAT FISH HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS (BLOCH) EXPOSED TO TEXTILE DYES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3128.
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Problems of water quality with particular refer to Natural and Synthetic Chemicals have greatly intensified during recent past. The most dangerous fact of these chemicals is that, they do not decay and/or for break down readily in natural environment. Once incorporated in a food web, they pass along and accumulate in the highest member of web. Fish being at high trophic level, also gets affected through food chain. Among aquatic pollutants, dyes, pigments and effluents from textile industry are of utmost importance, which affect the life processes of aquatic organisms. The present study is undertaken to assess the toxic effects of chronic exposure to textile dyes, on protein and glucose level in female gonads of fresh water teleost Heteropneustesfossilis. A decline in ovarian protein and glucose indicates adverse effects of textile dyes on the reproductive physiology of fish.
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Droumeva, Milena. "Audible Efforts: Gender and Battle Cries in Classic Arcade Fighting Games." Media and Communication 7, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v7i4.2300.
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Video games are demanding work indeed. So demanding that our screen heroes and heroines are constantly making sounds of strife, struggle, or victory while conducting surrogate labor for us running, fighting, saving worlds. These sounds also represent the very real demanding labor of voice actors, whose burnout and vocal strain have recently come to the fore in terms of the games industries’ labor standards (Cazden, 2017). But do heroes and she-roes sound the same? What are the demands—virtual, physical, and emotional—of maintaining sexist sonic tropes in popular media; demands that are required of the industry, the game program, and the player alike? Based on participatory observations of gameplay (i.e., the research team engaging with the material by playing the games we study), close reading of gendered sonic presence, and a historical content analysis of three iconic arcade fighting games, this article reports on a notable trend: As games self-purportedly and in the eyes of the wider community improve the visual representation of female playable leads important aspects of the vocal representation of women has not only lagged behind but become more exaggeratedly gendered with higher-fidelity bigger-budget game productions. In essence, femininity continues to be a disempowering design pattern in ways far more nuanced than sexualization alone. This media ecology implicates not only the history of best practices for the games industry itself, but also the culture of professional voice acting, and the role of games as trendsetters for industry conventions of media representation. Listening to battle cries is discussed here as a politics of embodiment and a form of emotionally demanding game labor that simultaneously affects the flow and immersion of playing, and carries over toxic attitudes about femininity outside the game context.
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Sequeira, Richard V. "Integrated pest management of plant sucking bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Australian cotton: back to the future." Bulletin of Entomological Research 109, no. 05 (December 17, 2018): 561–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485318000950.
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AbstractCreontiades dilutus (green mirid) and C. pacificus (brown mirid) are major hemipteran pests of transgenic (Bt) cotton in Australia. Current integrated pest management (IPM) guidelines for mirids in Australian cotton, based on economic thresholds and sampling recommendations, were developed and disseminated to industry at the start of the 2005–06 growing season and have remained largely unchanged since then. However, adoption of mirid IPM guidelines by industry has been highly variable and generally well below expectation. Annual surveys of crop protection practices across the Australian cotton industry, from 2010 to 2017, indicate that a third of all mirid sprays are applied below the recommended thresholds each year. More than half of all survey respondents in the 2017 survey indicated lack of confidence in the mirid thresholds due to highly variable and disproportionate damage, a phenomenon best described as the ‘mirid enigma’. A critical review of RD&E outputs since 1998 shows that potential contributors to the mirid enigma include but are not limited to biological, ecological and methodological factors. Mirid feeding damage is likely to vary with developmental stage, gender and reproductive status. Ecological factors including trophic effects and multiple host plant usage are potential modifiers of mirid feeding damage. Methodological and technological constraints and shortcomings are evident in the threshold research done to date. Inadequate commercial sampling that results in unreliable estimates of pest density in the crop is a major contributor to the mirid enigma. Failure to account for the complexity of factors that can influence the nature and severity of mirid damage to cotton often results in fruit loss due to non-mirid related factors being incorrectly attributed to mirids. An alternative approach to mirid management based on modelling the dynamics of net fruit load (production–loss) proposed over 15 years ago is discussed.
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Black, Rebecca, Jonathan Alexander, Vicky Chen, and Jonathan Duarte. "Representations of Autism in Online Harry Potter Fanfiction." Journal of Literacy Research 51, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 30–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086296x18820659.
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From literary canons all the way to the motion picture industry, the artistic and popular cultural experience of marginalized or nonmainstream groups has been one of being represented by the other. In this article, we explore how online fanfiction, as an audience-driven, interactive form of writing, may offer a way for members of nonmainstream groups to push back against and offer alternatives to stereotypical and normative discourses. We focus on how autistic people, family members, teachers, and advocates cast autistic characters in their fanfiction stories, how these stories represent autism and how, given the affordances of an online publishing platform, audience members respond to such representations. Findings suggest that these online narratives diversify available representations of autistic characters; moreover, the interactive nature of the online publishing forum allows readers to respond to and potentially disrupt stereotypical thinking and common fictional tropes surrounding autism.
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Bhalla, Nandini, and David Moscowitz. "Yoga and Female Objectification: Commodity and Exclusionary Identity in U.S. Women’s Magazines." Journal of Communication Inquiry 44, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 90–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0196859919830357.
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Using textual and visual media framing analysis, this research examines contemporary depictions of yoga in U.S. general interest women’s magazines. Critique of narrative and images from three leading magazines demonstrates how the representation of yoga depicts and positions tropes of female objectification that reify values of commodity, consumerism, and divisive exclusionary identity. Narrative and images dominated by bodies of slim, White, upper-class women perpetuate not only the commodification of yoga but also media framing of its appropriation and negotiation to support a multimillion-dollar industry. Two threads of research dominate this study: (1) how do today’s media representations of yoga practice in the United States foster critical and cultural understanding in light of yoga’s long history, and (2) how does the objectification of women’s bodies in this context contribute to ongoing conversations about commodification, exclusion, and identity in contemporary media depictions of women?
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Lester, Philip J., and Jacqueline R. Beggs. "Invasion Success and Management Strategies for SocialVespulaWasps." Annual Review of Entomology 64, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111812.
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Three species of Vespula have become invasive in Australia, Hawai‘i, New Zealand, and North and South America and continue to spread. These social wasp species can achieve high nest densities, and their behavioral plasticity has led to substantial impacts on recipient communities. Ecologically, they affect all trophic levels, restructuring communities and altering resource flows. Economically, their main negative effect is associated with pollination and the apicultural industry. Climate change is likely to exacerbate their impacts in many regions. Introduced Vespula spp. likely experience some degree of enemy release from predators or parasites, although they are exposed to a wide range of microbial pathogens in both their native and introduced range. Toxic baits have been significantly improved over the last decade, enabling effective landscape-level control. Although investigated extensively, no effective biological control agents have yet been found. Emerging technologies such as gene drives are under consideration.
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Depetris de Guiguet, Edith, and Gustavo Rossini. "El Modelo de Precios Hedónicos en el Análisis Económico. Aplicación a Compras de Ganado en la Industria Cárnica." Ciencias Económicas 1 (December 20, 2005): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14409/ce.v1i1.1071.
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Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las características del modelo de precios hedónicos y evaluar su aplicación al caso de las compras de hacienda vacuna en dos frigoríficos exportadores santafesinos. La hipótesis general es que el precio pagado por los mismos refleja la suma del valor diferencial que la industria le asigna a cada una de las caracterísitcas físicas de los animales que componen las tropas compradas, así como de las condiciones de mercado donde se realizaron las transacciones. La función de precios hedónicos para cada empresa se estima por medio de regresiones multivariadas con variables explicativas continuas y categóricas. El ajuste logrado ha sido bastante bueno, la mayoría de los coeficientes son estadísticamente significativos y con los signos esperados.
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Rasmussen, Eric Dean. "Narrative and Affect in William Gillespie'sKeyhole FactoryandMorpheus: Biblionaut, or, Post-Digital Fiction for the Programming Era." CounterText 2, no. 2 (August 2016): 140–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/count.2016.0050.
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Programmable computation is radically transforming the contemporary media ecology. What is literature's future in this emergent Programming Era? What happens to reading when the affective, performative power of executable code begins to provide the predominant model for creative language use? Critics have raised concerns about models of affective communication and the challenges a-semantic affects present to interpretive practices. In response, this essay explores links between electronic literature, affect theory, and materialist aesthetics in two works by experimental writer and publisher William Gillespie. Focusing on the post-digital novel Keyhole Factory and the electronic speculative fiction Morpheus: Bilblionaut, it proposes that: first, tracing tropes of code as affective transmissions allows for more robust readings of technomodernist texts and, second, examining non-linguistic affect and its articulation within constraint-based narrative forms suggests possibilities for developing an affective hermeneutics. My project was prompted by calls for more in-depth critical interpretations of works of electronic literature; an appreciation of how Gillespie problematises tropes of proximity and distance used to characterise modes of critical reading; and a desire to explain Gillespie's commitment to both conceptual, constraint-based writing practices (facilitated by computational media) and the intentional production of meaningful narrative affect. Ultimately, my analyses showcase Gillespie's countertextual achievement: assembling a network of texts, both electronic and analogue, that functions as a literary ecosystem resistant to the instrumentalism of the neoliberal publishing industry. Gillespie's Spineless Books provides an exemplary model of and working platform for collaborative, conceptual, and countertextual literary writing across media.
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Pop, Cristian-Emilian, Sorin Draga, Roxana Măciucă, Roxana Niță, Nicolae Crăciun, and Robert Wolff. "Bisphenol A Effects in Aqueous Environment on Lemna minor." Processes 9, no. 9 (August 26, 2021): 1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9091512.
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The link between different plastic waste pollutants and their impact on the natural aquatic environment and food chain remains a constant and growing issue. Bisphenol A (BPA), a known endocrine disruptor produced in large quantities primarily in the industry of polycarbonate plastics, can accumulate in vegetal and animal tissue, thus magnifying through trophic levels. In this study we exposed viable specimens of the aquatic plant Lemna minor under controlled conditions to 50, 100 and 200 ppm BPA levels in order to partially observe the toxic effects of BPA. Colonies ceased to form during the exposure and chlorosis was present especially in the 100 ppm group. Interestingly enough, a high density formation of non-fermenting bacteria as well as coliforms was also observed in the BPA exposed cultures but not in the control groups. The levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the vegetal tissue indicated cellular insults and severe damage, results that were correlated with the HPLC BPA determined concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4%.
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Shornikova, Elena Aleksandrovna, and Gleb Mikhaylovich Kukurichkin. "Current state of the ecosystem of the reservoir cooler (on the example of the Surgut Power Station)." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201873121.
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Rapid development of an oil and gas industry in the north of Western Siberia in the middle of the 20th century has demanded a significant amount of the electric power. This strategic task was carried out step by step in the neighborhood of Surgut (the largest oil and gas industry center on the Middle Priobye). Two gas-fired power stations have been consistently constructed. The integrated reservoir cooler has been built on the river Chernaya for cooling of circulating water in the system of reverse water supply of power plants. The article presents the assessment of consequences of flooding at construction of the Surgut reservoir. The total area of the water area of a reservoir is 2211 hectares, including 50% of forest, 20% of meadow, 5% of peat bog communities were under flooding. The authors of the paper develop the basic ecological map of the reservoir and neighborhood with the indication of natural and technogenic objects. Moreover they give the results of two years' monitoring of microbial community structure in the coastal zone of the reservoir cooler. They find it is important to provide the assessment of intensity of self-cleaning processes of the water object and analyze the sources of anthropogenic load on the water object. The microbiological methods which important to use for bio indication of an ecological condition of the Surgut reservoir have allowed to estimate the trophic status, to reveal ecologically unsuccessful sites of the water area, and to define intensity of self-cleaning processes in the water body.
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Lumban Tobing, Samantha Julia Blandina, I. Gede Hendrawan, and Elok Faiqoh. "Karakteristik Mikroplastik Pada Ikan Laut Konsumsi Yang Didaratkan Di Bali." Journal of Marine Research and Technology 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmrt.2020.v03.i02.p07.
Full textAbstract:
Studies over the past decade have shown that microplastics are widespread in marine environments, at sea level, on coastlines, and the seabed. Microplastic sources come from small particles used in the cosmetic industry and plastic industry base materials. Other microplastic sources emerge through the degradation of larger pieces of plastic in the environment due to physical and chemical processes, caused by light, heat, oxygen, water, and organisms. Microplastics tend to be digestible by marine organisms and potentially transferred to higher trophic organisms through the food chain, and thus toxic pollutants will potentially harm marine organisms and even humans through bioaccumulation and biomagnification. This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of microplastics that pollute marine fish consumption that is landed in Bali. Samples were gathered from traditional fishermen who landed their catch in Bali. Microplastic is identified in the digestive tract of fish. The samples of fish obtained by Decapterus spp (Selayang), Auxis Rochei (tongkol), Rastrelliger spp (kembung), and Sardinella lemuru (Lemuru). 39 fish out of the total identified 89 fish were found to be contaminated with 69 microplastics (fiber, fragments, film) and 1 mesoplastic (fragment). The size of the plastic found is between 0.32 to 22 mm. The abundance of microplastics in fish caught in Bali's waters is 0.78 (SD 1.15) particles/fish. The finding of microplastics in the digestive tract of fish caught by traditional fishermen in Bali is feared to have the potential to harm marine organisms and even humans through the process of bioaccumulation and biomagnification.