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Journal articles on the topic 'Tropical arithmetics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Dickenstein, Alicia, María Isabel Herrero, and Luis Felipe Tabera. "Arithmetics and combinatorics of tropical Severi varieties of univariate polynomials." Israel Journal of Mathematics 221, no. 2 (2017): 741–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11856-017-1573-0.

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Izhakian, Zur. "Tropical Arithmetic and Matrix Algebra." Communications in Algebra 37, no. 4 (2009): 1445–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00927870802466967.

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Sweety, MA, MM Hossain, MA Hoque, et al. "Molecular Characterization of Tropical Strawberry Genotypes." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 27, no. 1 (2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v27i1.35010.

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Genetic variability of tropical strawberry genotypes was determined through Ramdom Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Out of 14 RAPD primers six showed reproducible and polymorphic bands. The results revealed that the maximum polymorphic bands were produced by the primer OPB 12. Ten genotypes were differentiated into two clusters on the basis of Unweighted Pair Group Method With Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA). Genotypic variation based on molecular characterization indicated that genotypes belonging to two different clusters depend on their genetic component. So, selection of parents from

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Gao, Yudong, Hui Xiao, Dehai Jiang, et al. "Impacts of Thinning Aircraft Observations on Data Assimilation and Its Prediction during Typhoon Nida (2016)." Atmosphere 10, no. 12 (2019): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120754.

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High frequency aircraft observations from the Government Flying Service of the Hong Kong Government, penetrating a tropical cyclone at low altitude over the South China Sea, were thinned by arithmetic means over different time intervals to identify structures of tropical cyclone at different scales. It is found that the thinning process can reduce serial correlation in observational errors and enhance the representation of aircraft observations. Assimilation experiments demonstrate that aircraft observations can improve the track and intensity forecasts of Typhoon Nida (2016). The changes in d

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Coutinho, Givago, Rafael Pio, Filipe Bittencourt Machado de Souza, Daniela da Hora Farias, Adriano Teodoro Bruzi, and Paulo Henrique Sales Guimarães. "Multivariate Analysis and Selection Indices to Identify Superior Quince Cultivars for Cultivation in the Tropics." HortScience 54, no. 8 (2019): 1324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14004-19.

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Among the fruit species cultivated in subtropical climates, quince has productive cultivars with high horticultural potential. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the genetic divergence among quince cultivars through multivariate procedures and to identify cultivars for cultivation in the tropics through selection indices. Twenty-seven productive quince cultivars were grown in a location with a high-altitude tropical climate. The number of fruit, estimated yield, flowering period, number of buds, number of shoots, number of brindles per shoot, shoot length, average fruit weight, frui

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Marshack, Alexander. "A Lunar-Solar Year Calendar Stick from North America." American Antiquity 50, no. 1 (1985): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/280632.

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The microscopic and sequential analysis of an early nineteenth-century American Indian calendar stick documents the notation of a precise, non-arithmetic, observational lunar year of twelve months with the evidence for added, subsidiary months suggesting the use of a thirteenth intercalary month every three years to bring the calendar into phase with the solar tropical year. The calendar stick is the most complex astronomical-calendric, problem-solving device known from the Americas outside of the high Mesoamerican and Andean Civilizations, but it is not derived from these late traditions. The

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da Silva, Aline Gomes, and Claudio Moises Santos e Silva. "Improving Regional Dynamic Downscaling with Multiple Linear Regression Model Using Components Principal Analysis: Precipitation over Amazon and Northeast Brazil." Advances in Meteorology 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/928729.

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In the current context of climate change discussions, predictions of future scenarios of weather and climate are crucial for the generation of information of interest to the global community. Due to the atmosphere being a chaotic system, errors in predictions of future scenarios are systematically observed. Therefore, numerous techniques have been tested in order to generate more reliable predictions, and two techniques have excelled in science: dynamic downscaling, through regional models, and ensemble prediction, combining different outputs of climate models through the arithmetic average, i

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Vásquez, J., and W. S. Dvorak. "Trends in variances and heritabilities with stand development of tropical pines." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 8 (1996): 1473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-164.

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Phenotypic and additive genetic variances as well as narrow-sense heritability for cumulative height were determined from assessments of tropical pine (Pinuscaribaea Morelet, Pinuschiapensis (Mart.) Andresen, and Pinustecunumanii (Schw.) Eguiluz et Perry) trials established in South America and South Africa by the Central America and Mexico Coniferous Resources (CAMCORE) Cooperative. Cumulative stem height was analyzed from 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year data collected on open-pollinated families to determine additive genetic and phenotypic variances. Variances based on arithmetic as well as log-trans

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Wang, Xiaoli, Zhiyong Wang, Li Liao, Xinyi Zhang, and Changjun Bai. "Genetic Diversity of Carpetgrass Germplasm Based on Simple Sequence Repeat Markers." HortScience 50, no. 6 (2015): 797–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.6.797.

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Carpetgrass [Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv.] is an important warm-season perennial turfgrass that is widely used in tropical and subtropical areas. The genetic diversity of 63 carpetgrass accessions in China was studied using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Fourteen SSR primer combinations generated a total of 49 distinct bands, 48 (97.96%) of which were polymorphic. The number of observed alleles ranged from 2 to 6, with an average of 3.5. Coefficients of genetic similarity among the accessions ranged from 0.24 to 0.98. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) cluste

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Falah, Muhammad, Pudji Widodo, and Hexa Apriliana Hidayah. "ANALISIS TAKSOMETRI Anthurium SCHOTT (ARACEAE)." Scripta Biologica 1, no. 1 (2014): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.34.

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Anthurium Schott is one of the commercial ornamental plants in Indonesia. This genus has a high morphological variation amongst its species. This study aims to determine the similarity relationship amongst Anthurium based on morphological characters including stems, leaves, and inflorescences. This study was carried out from June to July 2012 in several locations in Purwokerto and Baturraden area, and Balai Benih Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (B2TPH) Banyumas Regency. This study used explorative method with purposive random sampling. The results of the analysis using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pa

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Ghatee, Mohammad Amin, Hossein Mirhendi, Masoud Marashifard, Zahra Kanannejad, Walter R. Taylor, and Iraj Sharifi. "Population Structure ofLeishmania tropicaCausing Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Southern Iran by PCR-RFLP of Kinetoplastid DNA." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 6, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6049198.

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Iran is one of the six countries with the most cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients. Understanding better the genotypes of the parasite population in relation to geography and climate is critical to achieving better CL control. We aimed to characterise the population structure ofLeishmania tropica, the cause of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), from important foci in southeast (Bam and Kerman) and southwest (Shiraz) Iran. A total of 39L. tropicaisolates from ACL patients from southeast (Bam 14, Kerman 12) and southwest (Shiraz 13) Iran were analysed by polymerase chain reaction res

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Saclain, Saidin, Abdul Latif, Babul Bala, Mithun Mallik, and Shahidul Islam. "Genetic diversity analysis of tropical sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties in Bangladesh using RAPD markers." Genetika 48, no. 1 (2016): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1601151s.

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Knowledge on intra-specific genetic variation of an organism is important for its genetic improvement and conservation. In order to estimate genetic variation and relatedness in eleven tropical Sugar beet varieties we used randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The RAPD analysis was performed using six decamer random primers, which amplified a total of 63 DNA fragments of which 43 (68.25%) were found polymorphic. The average polymorphic bands per primer was 7.17 and the overall gene diversity was 0.24. Among the 43 polymorphic loci studied, 2 were specific for 2K 310, 1 for Shubrah

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Luciano-Rosario, Dianiris, Luis A. Cruz-Saavedra, and Dimuth Siritunga. "Genetic Diversity of Puerto Rican Farmer-held Papaya (Carica papaya) Using SSR Markers." HortScience 53, no. 8 (2018): 1109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12943-18.

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Native to Central America, papaya (Carica papaya) is one of the most cultivated fruit crops in the tropical areas of the world. Genetic diversity analyses are an important aspect of conservation of plant genetic resources. In the island of Puerto Rico, where papaya has been consumed for centuries, knowledge on the genetic diversity of papaya is lacking. Therefore, 162 papaya accessions were evaluated using 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Of these accessions, 139 were farmer-held samples from Puerto Rico, 13 were U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) repository samples, and 10 were com

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Gabriel, Abu, Paterne Agre, Alex Edemodu, A. E. Okon, Ranjana Bhattacharjee, and David De Koyer. "Genetic Diversity of White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) Accessions Maintained in Tissue Culture and Cultivated in Field using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers and Morphological Characterization." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, no. 72 (February 20, 2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jac.72.60.68.

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Dioscorea rotundata is a staple food crop for millions of people in the tropical and subtropical regions. In vitro germplasm conservation is a very useful tool in yam improvement strategies but very little is known about the genetic integrity and stability of in-vitro conserved yam plants. In this study, 42 accessions from in vitro and field populations were genotyped using 11 microsatellite markers and 23 morphological descriptors to assess variability within and between accessions. Out of the 23 morphological variables used, 13 were identified as most discriminate and were used to cluster th

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Abu, Pearl, Baffour Badu-Apraku, Beatrice E. Ifie, Pangirayi Tongoona, Leander D. Melomey, and Samuel K. Offei. "Genetic diversity and inter-trait relationship of tropical extra-early maturing quality protein maize inbred lines under low soil nitrogen stress." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (2021): e0252506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252506.

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Information on the genetic diversity, population structure, and trait associations of germplasm resources is crucial for predicting hybrid performance. The objective of this study was to dissect the genetic diversity and population structure of extra-early yellow and orange quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines and identify secondary traits for indirect selection for enhanced grain yield under low-soil nitrogen (LN). One hundred and ten inbred lines were assessed under LN (30 kg ha -1) and assayed for tryptophan content. The lines were genotyped using 2500 single nucleotide polymorphism (SN

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Yang, Jing, Ling Tang, Ya-Li Guan, and Wei-Bang Sun. "Genetic Diversity of an Alien Invasive Plant Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) in China." Weed Science 60, no. 4 (2012): 552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-11-00175.1.

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Mexican sunflower is a native species of North and Central America that was introduced into China early last century, but it has widely naturalized and become a harmful invasive plant in tropical and subtropical regions in South China. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were employed to assess genetic diversity and variation in Mexican sunflower populations from China and neighboring regions. The karyotypes of populations were also studied. Our research showed high levels of genetic diversity in all populations. The lowest genetic diversity estimates were represented in two population

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Zhang, Tao, Baolin Li, Jinfeng Wang, Maogui Hu, and Lili Xu. "Estimation of Areal Mean Rainfall in Remote Areas Using B-SHADE Model." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7643753.

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This study presented a method to estimate areal mean rainfall (AMR) using a Biased Sentinel Hospital Based Area Disease Estimation (B-SHADE) model, together with biased rain gauge observations and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data, for remote areas with a sparse and uneven distribution of rain gauges. Based on the B-SHADE model, the best linear unbiased estimation of AMR could be obtained. A case study was conducted for the Three-River Headwaters region in the Tibetan Plateau of China, and its performance was compared with traditional methods. The results indicated that B-SHADE o

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Valsan, A. E., R. Ravikrishna, C. V. Biju, et al. "Fluorescent biological aerosol particle measurements at a tropical high-altitude site in southern India during the southwest monsoon season." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 15 (2016): 9805–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9805-2016.

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Abstract. An ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer (UV-APS) was continuously operated for the first time during two seasons to sample the contrasting winds during monsoon and winter to characterize the properties of fluorescent biological aerosol particles (FBAPs), at a high-altitude site in India. Averaged over the entire monsoon campaign (1 June–21 August 2014), the arithmetic mean number and mass concentrations of coarse-mode (> 1 µm) FBAPs were 0.02 cm−3 and 0.24 µg m−3, respectively, which corresponded to ∼ 2 and 6 % of total aerosol loading, respectively. Average FBAP number size dis

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Chen, Jianjun, Richard J. Henny, Pachanoor S. Devanand, and Chih-Cheng T. Chao. "Genetic Relationships of Spathiphyllum Cultivars Analyzed by AFLP Markers." HortScience 41, no. 4 (2006): 968A—968. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.968a.

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Peace lily (Spathiphyllum Schott) is one of the most popular tropical ornamental foliage plants and is used worldwide for interiorscaping. However, little information is available on the genetic relationships of cultivars. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers with near-infrared fluorescence-labeled primers, this study analyzed genetic relatedness of 63 commercial cultivars and breeding lines. Forty-eight EcoRI + 2/MseI + 3 primer set combinations were initially screened, from which six primer sets were selected and used in this investigation. All cultivars were clearly d

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Taye, Simane, Zaitchik, Selassie, and Setegn. "Rainfall Variability across the Agro-Climatic Zones of a Tropical Highland: The Case of the Jema Watershed, Northwestern Ethiopia." Environments 6, no. 11 (2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6110118.

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The objective of the study was to analyze the variability of various climate indicators across the agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of the Jema watershed. The variability was analyzed considering mean annual rainfall (MARF, mm), mean daily minimum temperature (MDMinT, °C), and mean daily maximum temperature (MDMaxT, °C). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to test whether group mean differences exist in the values of the indicated climatic indicators among the ACZs of the watershed. The coefficient of variation was computed to analyze the degree of climate variability among the ACZs.

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Shitta, Ndenum S., Michael T. Abberton, Adenubi I. Adesoye, Daniel B. Adewale, and Olaniyi Oyatomi. "Analysis of genetic diversity of African yam bean using SSR markers derived from cowpea." Plant Genetic Resources 14, no. 1 (2015): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262115000064.

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African yam bean, AYB (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst. ex. A. Rich Harms), is a tuberous legume of tropical Africa. AYB has the potential to significantly boost food security due to its considerable nutritional qualities. However, the crop is underutilized. To efficiently utilize AYB genetic resources for its improvement, it is necessary to understand the crop's diversity. This study investigated the amplification ability of 36 cowpea simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers across AYB genomic DNA, extracted from 67 accessions. Thirteen (36%) of the cowpea SSRs showed transferability in AYB. Eight

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Patil, Chandrashekhar G., Sheetal Ganapati Kamat, and R. Vasudeva. "Genetic Structure and Diversity among Species of Salacia: An Endangered Medicinal Herb of Western Ghats, India." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 9, no. 1 (2019): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.9(1).p23-33.

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Salacia is one of the medicinally valuable genus, distributed throughout tropical areas which include India, Sri Lanka, Southern China and other Southern Asian Countries. The genus Salacia is represented by 21 species in India, among them eight species are recorded from the state of Karnataka in the Southern part of India. Despite its pharmaceutical importance, very little information exists about the genetic diversity of Salacia at molecular level. Hence the present study was carried out to evaluate the genetic among six species of Salacia namely S. chinensis, S. malabarica, S. oblonga, S. ma

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JHANG, T., M. KAUR, P. KALIA, and T. R. SHARMA. "Efficiency of different marker systems for molecular characterization of subtropical carrot germplasm." Journal of Agricultural Science 148, no. 2 (2010): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859609990591.

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SUMMARYGenetic variability in carrots is a consequence of allogamy, which leads to a high level of inbreeding depression, affecting the development of new varieties. To understand the extent of genetic variability in 40 elite indigenous breeding lines of subtropical carrots, 48 DNA markers consisting of 16 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSRs), 10 universal rice primers (URPs), 16 random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and six simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used. These 48 markers amplified a total of 591 bands, of which 569 were polymorphic (0·96). Amplicon size ranged from

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Devanand, Pachanoor S., Jianjun Chen, Richard J. Henny, and Chih-Cheng T. Chao. "Assessment of Genetic Relationships among Philodendron Cultivars Using AFLP Markers." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 129, no. 5 (2004): 690–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.129.5.0690.

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Philodendrons (Philodendron Schott) are among the most popular tropical ornamental foliage plants used for interior decoration. However, limited information is available on the genetic relationships among popular Philodendron species and cultivars. This study analyzed genetic similarity of 43 cultivars across 15 species using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers with near infrared fluorescence labeled primers. Forty-eight EcoR I + 2/Mse I + 3 primer set combinations were screened, from which six primer sets were selected and used in this investigation. Each selected primer set

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Chen*, Jianjun, Richard Henny, C. Thomas Chao, and Pachanoor Devanand. "Analysis of Genetic Relationships of Calathea Species and Cultivars by AFLP Markers." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 888A—888. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.888a.

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Calathea, the largest genus in the family Marantaceae, is composed of 100 species native to tropical America in moist or swampy forest habitats. Because of their brilliant patterns of leaf color and different textures plus ability to tolerate low light levels, calatheas have been widely produced as ornamental foliage plants for interiorscaping. Thus far, genetic relationships among its species and cultivars have not been documented. This study analyzed the relationships of 34 cultivars across 14 species using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Six EcoR I + 2/Mse I + 3 prime

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Edirisinghe, Mahesh, and Vernon Cooray. "Fine Structure Signatures in Ground Flashes as a Source for HF Radiation." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 20 (October 2013): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.20.91.

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Lighting radiation fields below 10 MHz are of considerable interest since these frequencies correspond to the natural resonance of structures with dimensions of a few meters to tens of meters. In this paper we present the fine structure signatures of sub-microsecond range pulses appeared at the leader phase and after the return stroke in negative ground flashes which act as a source for HF radiations at 10 MHz, 5 MHz and 3 MHz observed in Sri Lanka, in the tropics. Of the total sub-microsecond range pulses analyzed, 298 were due to positive field changes and 228 were due to negative field chan

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Tasliah, Tasliah, Habib Rijzaani, Tri Z. P. Hariyadi, et al. "Analisis Keragaman Genetik 161 Aksesi Mangga Indonesia Menggunakan Marka Mikrosatelit." Jurnal AgroBiogen 9, no. 3 (2016): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jbio.v9n3.2013.p125-134.

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<p>Mango is one of the five<br />important fruit crops in the world. Microsatellite markers can<br />be used to analyze genetic diversity among mango<br />accessions. The purpose of this research was to determine<br />the relationship among mango germplasm collection using<br />microsatellite markers. A total of 161 mango accessions<br />originated from Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute<br />(Cukurgondang Field Station), Pasuruan, East Java, were<br />used in this research. Twenty-six microsatellite markers<br />were used t

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Runtunuwu, Eleonora, and Akihiko Kondoh. "ASSESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY UNDER COLDEST AND WARMEST PERIODS AT DIFFERENT LATITUDINAL REGIONS." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 1 (2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v9n1.2008.7-18.

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Effect of climate change on water balance will play a key role in the biosphere system. To study the global climate change impact on water balance during 95-year period (1901-1995), long-term grid climatic data including global mean monthly temperature and precipitation at 0.5 x 0.5 degree resolution were analysed. The trend and variation of climate change, the time series of monthly air temperature and precipitation data were aggregated into annual arithmetic means for two extreme periods (1901-1920 and 1990-1995). The potential evapotranspiration (Eo) was calculated using Thornthwaite method

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Runtunuwu, Eleonora, and Akihiko Kondoh. "ASSESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY UNDER COLDEST AND WARMEST PERIODS AT DIFFERENT LATITUDINAL REGIONS." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 1 (2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v9n1.2008.p7-18.

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Effect of climate change on water balance will play a key role in the biosphere system. To study the global climate change impact on water balance during 95-year period (1901-1995), long-term grid climatic data including global mean monthly temperature and precipitation at 0.5 x 0.5 degree resolution were analysed. The trend and variation of climate change, the time series of monthly air temperature and precipitation data were aggregated into annual arithmetic means for two extreme periods (1901-1920 and 1990-1995). The potential evapotranspiration (Eo) was calculated using Thornthwaite method

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Gunthe, S. S., S. M. King, D. Rose, et al. "Cloud condensation nuclei in pristine tropical rainforest air of Amazonia: size-resolved measurements and modeling of atmospheric aerosol composition and CCN activity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 19 (2009): 7551–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7551-2009.

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol particles serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) are key elements of the hydrological cycle and climate. We have measured and characterized CCN at water vapor supersaturations in the range of S=0.10–0.82% in pristine tropical rainforest air during the AMAZE-08 campaign in central Amazonia. The effective hygroscopicity parameters describing the influence of chemical composition on the CCN activity of aerosol particles varied in the range of κ≈0.1–0.4 (0.16±0.06 arithmetic mean and standard deviation). The overall median value of κ≈0.15 was by a factor of two lo

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Boza, Edward J., Juan Carlos Motamayor, Freddy M. Amores, et al. "Genetic Characterization of the Cacao Cultivar CCN 51: Its Impact and Significance on Global Cacao Improvement and Production." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 139, no. 2 (2014): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.139.2.219.

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Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important cash crop in tropical growing regions of the world and particularly for small cacao farmers. Over the past two decades, ‘CCN 51’ has become one of the most planted cultivars in Ecuador, mainly as a result of its high productivity and disease resistance. Intermixing of Nacional fine flavor Ecuadorian beans with beans of ‘CCN 51’ has become common practice, reducing overall bean quality and decreasing value. The primary goals of this study were to determine the genetic identity, structure, and allelic richness of ‘CCN 51’, its maternal origin and to com

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Zhu, Luyao, Hongquan Wang, Cheng Tong, Wenbin Liu, and Benxu Du. "Evaluation of ESA Active, Passive and Combined Soil Moisture Products Using Upscaled Ground Measurements." Sensors 19, no. 12 (2019): 2718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19122718.

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The European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project combines multi-sensors at different microwave frequencies to derive three harmonized soil moisture products using active, passive and combined approaches. These long-term soil moisture products assist in understanding the global water and carbon cycles. However, extensive validations are a prerequisite before applying the retrieved soil moisture into climatic or hydrological models. To fulfill this objective, we assess the performances of three CCI soil moisture products (active, passive and combined) with respect to in-si

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Rampersad, Sephra N. "Genetic Structure of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato Isolates Infecting Papaya Inferred by Multilocus ISSR Markers." Phytopathology® 103, no. 2 (2013): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-07-12-0160-r.

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Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato is widely distributed throughout temperate and tropical regions and causes anthracnose disease in numerous plant species. Development of effective disease management strategies is dependent on, among other factors, an understanding of pathogen genetic diversity and population stratification at the intraspecific level. For 132 isolates of C. gloeosporioides sensu lato collected from papaya in Trinidad, inter-simple-sequence repeat-polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR) generated 121 polymorphic loci from five ISSR primers selected from an initial screen o

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Wang, Na, Dabang Jiang, and Xianmei Lang. "Northern Westerlies during the Last Glacial Maximum: Results from CMIP5 Simulations." Journal of Climate 31, no. 3 (2018): 1135–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0314.1.

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Abstract Based upon simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the vertical and regional characteristics of the northern westerlies during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are investigated in this study. At the Northern Hemispheric scale, all nine available models simulate a poleward shift of the 200-hPa jet, and eight models simulate an equatorward shift of the 850-hPa jet compared to the preindustrial period; these shifts are of approximately 2°–3° latitude for the arithmetic multimodel mean. The upper-tropospheric cooling in the tropics, possibly due to red

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Vivodík, Martin, Ezzeddine Saadaoui, Želmíra Balážová, Zdenka Gálová, and Lenka Petrovičová. "Genetic diversity in Tunisian castor genotypes (Ricinus communis L.) detected using RAPD markers." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 13, no. 1 (2019): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1116.

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Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is a plant that is commercially very important to the world. It is produced in about 30 countries lying in the tropical belt of the world. It is an important plant for production of industrial oil. Assessment of genetic diversity of a crop species is a prerequisite to its improvement; hence it is important to identify the genetic diversity of castor genetic resources for development of improved cultivars. The present study is focused on estimation of genetic distance between 56 Tunisian castor genotypes, based on 18 RAPD markers. Seeds of castor were obtained from

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Fang, Jinggui, Jianjun Chen, Richard J. Henny, and Chih-Cheng T. Chao. "Genetic Relatedness of Ornamental Ficus Species and Cultivars Analyzed by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 6 (2007): 807–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.6.807.

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Ornamental Ficus L. is a group of lactiferous trees, shrubs, and woody root-climbing vines that are cultivated either as landscape plants in the tropics and subtropics or as foliage plants used worldwide for interiorscaping. With the recent rapid expansion of the ornamental plant industry, more new Ficus species and cultivars have been introduced. However, no study has thus far addressed the genetic relationships of cultivated ornamental Ficus. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers with near-infrared fluorescence-labeled primers, this study analyzed the genetic relatednes

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Montresor, A. "Erratum to “Arithmetic or geometric means of eggs per gram are not appropriate indicators to estimate the impact of control measures in helminth infections” [Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 101 (2007) 773–776]." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 101, no. 10 (2007): 1057–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.06.014.

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Moesinger, Leander, Wouter Dorigo, Richard de Jeu, et al. "The global long-term microwave Vegetation Optical Depth Climate Archive (VODCA)." Earth System Science Data 12, no. 1 (2020): 177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-177-2020.

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Abstract. Since the late 1970s, space-borne microwave radiometers have been providing measurements of radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface. From these measurements it is possible to derive vegetation optical depth (VOD), a model-based indicator related to the density, biomass, and water content of vegetation. Because of its high temporal resolution and long availability, VOD can be used to monitor short- to long-term changes in vegetation. However, studying long-term VOD dynamics is generally hampered by the relatively short time span covered by the individual microwave sensors. This can p

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Zhang, Jing, Jie Feng, Hong Li, Yuejian Zhu, Xiefei Zhi, and Feng Zhang. "Unified ensemble mean forecasting of tropical cyclones based on the feature-oriented mean method." Weather and Forecasting, September 7, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-21-0062.1.

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AbstractOperational and research applications generally use the consensus approach for forecasting the track and intensity of tropical cyclones (TCs) due to the spatial displacement of the TC location and structure in ensemble member forecasts. This approach simply averages the location and intensity information for TCs in individual ensemble members, which is distinct from the traditional pointwise arithmetic mean (AM) method for ensemble forecast fields. The consensus approach, despite having improved skills relative to the AM in predicting the TC intensity, cannot provide forecasts of the T

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Ji, Mei, Sangzi Ze, Saichun Tang, Lianrong Hu, and Junmin Li. "Independent origins of populations from Dehong State, Yunnan Province, and the multiple introductions and post-introduction admixture sources of mile-a-minute (Mikania micrantha) in China." Weed Science, April 19, 2021, 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2021.29.

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Abstract Mile-a-minute (Mikania micrantha Kunth) is a tropical American species and has become a worldwide invasive weed. It was first introduced to mainland China in 1983 in Yingjiang City, Dehong State, Yunnan Province. To assess the origins of populations from Dehong State, Yunnan Province, the genetic structure of 427 individuals from 11 M. micrantha populations from Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, and Guangdong provinces were analyzed. A total of 28 alleles were detected in 12 nuclear microsatellite loci. Genetic diversity at the population level was relatively high. An analysis of molecular var

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Biswas, Jatish C., N. Kalra, M. Maniruzzaman, et al. "Soil Fertility Levels in Bangladesh for Rice Cultivation." Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, July 27, 2019, 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajsspn/2019/v4i430051.

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Determination of soil fertility with minimum data set for crop zoning and devising fertilizer recommendations as well as soil fertility evaluation method based on soil properties. The data were collected from existing literatures and scoring was done on 0–100 scale. The lowest score was assigned for the minimum value of tested attributes and then gradually higher scoring values. Arithmetic, weighted, geometric and most minimum of mean scores were calculated and their performances were compared with grain yield of dry season irrigated (Boro) rice. Soil fertility in 10-12 and 39-52% areas in Ban

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Kagbo, Hope Delesi, and Lilian Ayagogo Gospel. "Phytochemistry and Toxicity of Methanol Root Extract of Costus lucanusianus." Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, April 6, 2020, 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2020/v22i330160.

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Costus lucanusianus (ginger lily or monkey sugarcane) is a medicinal plant commonly used to treat various ailments in tropical Africa. The leaves, stem and sometimes the root have been exploited for this purpose. However, it is a common belief in the Niger Delta of Nigeria that the root is poisonous. This study investigated the phytochemical and acute toxicity profiles of the methanol root extract of the plant. Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard procedures to test for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, glycosides, triterpenoids/steroids and carbohydrate

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Ishii, Masayoshi, and Nobuhito Mori. "d4PDF: large-ensemble and high-resolution climate simulations for global warming risk assessment." Progress in Earth and Planetary Science 7, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40645-020-00367-7.

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Abstract A large-ensemble climate simulation database, which is known as the database for policy decision-making for future climate changes (d4PDF), was designed for climate change risk assessments. Since the completion of the first set of climate simulations in 2015, the database has been growing continuously. It contains the results of ensemble simulations conducted over a total of thousands years respectively for past and future climates using high-resolution global (60 km horizontal mesh) and regional (20 km mesh) atmospheric models. Several sets of future climate simulations are available

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Khan, Md Mahmudul Hasan, Mohd Y. Rafii, Shairul Izan Ramlee, Mashitah Jusoh, and Md Al Mamun. "Genetic analysis and selection of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) landraces for high yield revealed by qualitative and quantitative traits." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87039-8.

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AbstractAs a crop for the new millennium Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) considered as leading legumes in the tropical regions due to its versatile advantages. The main intent of this study was to find out the high yielding potential genotypes and considering these genotypes to develop pure lines for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Considering the 14 qualitative and 27 quantitative traits of fifteen landraces the variation and genetic parameters namely, variability, heritability, genetic advance, characters association, and cluster matrix were determined. ANOVA revealed s

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Gelmesa, Dandena, Nigussie Dechassa, Wassu Mohammed, et al. "In vitro screening of potato genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance." Open Agriculture 2, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2017-0035.

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AbstractPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a cool season crop which is susceptible to both drought and heat stresses. Lack of suitable varieties of the crop adapted to drought-prone areas of the lowland tropics deprives farmers living in such areas the opportunity to produce and use the crop as a source of food and income. As a step towards developing such varieties, the present research was conducted to evaluate different potato genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance under in vitro conditions and identify drought tolerant genotypes for future field evaluation. The experiment was carried out at

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