Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tropical, milieu'
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Barbazan, Philippe. "Écologie des Culicidae en milieu urbain tropical : étude des gites larvaires à Yaoundé (Cameroun)." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112258.
Full textThis study deals with the results of prospections on the repartition of breeding sites of Culicidae in various quarters of Yaoundé. The thorough description of the town and of his population, the exhaustive prospection of all the containers with water, the analysis of breeding sites water allowed showing the influence of many factors. The type or urbanization, the human population density and his occupations, the development of public services, the presence of vegetation, the characteristics of breeding sites water have effects on the specific behaviour of females looking for a breeding site. This leads to a repartition of the positives breeding sites for founded species very different from a quarter to another one. In particular Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and to a lesser degree Aedes aegypti by their very good adaptation to the types of containers occurring in Yaoundé can be considered as urban species when Anopheles gambiea is more dependent of the residual vegetation
Receveur, Marie-Catherine. "Poumon éosinophile tropical." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23077.
Full textSaunière, Jean-Frédéric. "Les pancréatites tropicales." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX21902.
Full textSerça, Dominique. "Echanges biosphère-atmosphère de composés de l'azote en milieu tropical." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30013.
Full textMOSSELLO, MICHEL. "Diarrhee du voyageur sous les tropiques : etat actuel des connaissances sur la prevention et l'auto-traitement." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31202.
Full textBOULOC, DOMINIQUE. "Les hepatomegalies tropicales d'origine infectieuse." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M488.
Full textRUIZ, NGUYEN NHAN. "Contribution a l'etude des risques sanitaires pour les voyageurs se rendant dans les archipels oceaniens." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20059.
Full textHelme, Herehia. "Biodiversité anguillicole en milieu tropical insulaire (Tahiti) face aux aménagements hydroélectriques." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP045/document.
Full textThis thesis in fundamental and applied research has for biological model the freshwater eel which has always fascinated the world of the research by its unique cycle of life and all its mysteries not solved for some. Worldwide, 19 species of eels exist, some of which are declining in temperate zones, which may justify the increase in research in the tropics. In French Polynesia, this mysterious animal is sacred; the Polynesian legends associate the eels with the creation of life. Three species are present: the marbled eel "Anguilla marmorata", the mountain eel "Anguilla megastoma" and the eel "Anguilla obscura". They do not have the same spatial distribution where the former adapts to any medium, the second goes up the rivers to the upper valley at several hundred meters of altitude, while the latter remains in the lower valley preferring the stagnant waters. Thanks to the numerous rivers on Tahiti, this main island of Polynesia is in the midst of an energy transition and now favors renewable energies; particularly hydroelectricity. However, hydroelectric developments known to cause problems of ecological continuity of freshwater biodiversity, especially for eels, will interest us in this thesis work on the Cifre grant. It is in this context that this thesis, in the largest valley of Tahiti, is the Papenoo. Two problems are studied: the recruitment of glass eel and the study of the adult population. Our results over the three years following the arrival of juvenile eels in the mouth of the Papenoo reveal a seasonal recruitment of elvers from November to March with two peaks in December and January. More than 80% of elvers are Anguilla marmorata. For adult populations, we observe: 1/ more than 90% of the population is also Anguilla marmorata, 2/ adult eels have a density gradient from downstream to upstream, and 3/ biological continuity does not come from dams or water removal in themselves, but comes from the tailrace leaving the hydropower plant where we observe an over-attractiveness for the eels. This study proved to be very important in the theoretical advancement of our biological and ecological knowledge about the eel, in the appropriation by industry of good practices and in a solid communication on the possible coexistence between management and development
Lardeux, Cédric. "Apport des données radar polarimétriques pour la cartographie en milieu tropical." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00481850.
Full textGalgani-Turin, Marie-Lise. "Reproduction contrôlée et élevage larvaire de crevettes pénéides en milieu tropical." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375977340.
Full textABDOUL, ANZIZ BEN YOUSSEF. "Morphogenese et modeles dans un milieu insulaire tropical : l'exemple de mayotte." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10171.
Full textTHIS STUDY OF THE ISLAND OF MAYOTTE'S MORPHOGENETIC PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS AS WELL AS THE EROSIONAL ASPECTS OF ITS RELIEF ACCOUTS FOR A MAJOR PART OF ALL THE research CARRIED OUT ON THE ISLAND UP TO NOW. THIS, AND THE ACCOMPANYING DETAILED CARTOGRAPHIC STUDY - 1 25. 000 FOR "GRANDE-TERRE"; 1 10. 000 FOR "PETITE-TERRE - MAKE IT AN ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR THE RATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY. IT'S WIDE-RANGING NATURE ESTABLISHES IT AS A REFERENCE POINT FOR REGIONAL RESEASHE, PARTICULARLY IN THE FIELD OF GEOMORPHOLOGY, AND OPENS UP THE HORIZON FOR FURTHER STUDIES. A SEA LEVEL OF BETWEEN 1,5 AND 2 M ABOVE THE PRESENT LEVEL WAS SHOWN TO EXIST IN MAYOTTE. IT WAS ALSO SHOWN AN IMPORTANT CLIMATIC CHANGE TOOK PLACE APPROXIMATIVELY 2. 5 - 3 MYS AGO. THIS WAS CHARACTERISED BY A CHANGE FROM A WET TROPICAL CLIMATE TO ONE IN WHICH THE DRY SESON BECAME PROGRESSIVELY LONGER. THIS CLIMATE UPHEAVAL, WITH INTENSE HUMAN INTERVENTION SINCE 19 CENTURY, WOULD EXPLAIN THE WORRYING STATE OF EROSION ON THE ISLAND AT PRESENT
Tabeaud, Martine. "L'Atlantique tropical austral : l'eau atmosphérique et le climat en milieu océanique." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040015.
Full textBetween 1961 and 1980 the water cycle above the southern tropical Atlantic is studied. This cycle begins with the evaporation at the ocean-atmosphere interface (springs) and ends with the condensation in the clouds (wells). The atmosphere dynamic provides the coherence between springs and wells, through internal and external advections. During a normal period (1961-1970), the seasons follow a typical pattern; in particular the austral winter. The St-Helen anticyclone, transoceanic, evaporates to a maximum. The trade winds, sweeping over the surface of the ocean, cool it. The outflow of water takes place on the continental borders. During a dry period (1971-1980), the anticyclone shrinks (the evaporation lessens as the trade winds slow down), the surface of the water is warmer and this increases the convection at the open sea. The water cycle grows shorter and the system does not outflow any longer toward Brazil or west Africa
Fleurence, Isabelle. "Étude conjointe des facteurs aérauliques et acoustiques en milieu tropical humide." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2070.
Full textIn wet tropical climate, dwelling comfort essentially depends of the conjugation of thermo-aerodynamics and acoustics characteristics. To be efficient, natural ventilation requires important speeds of wind as well as strong porosity of the buildings frontages, in contradiction with necessary screening for the noise. Existing technical and architectural devices do not solve the contradiction or do not correspond to the economic context. Consequently, environmental physical phenomena are studied at urban scale via numerical simulations, in order to explore the possibilities to solve this conflict. A historical and typo-morphological analysis has selected five urban fabrics in Guadeloupe. Simulations results analysis leads to the aeraulic and acoustic characterization of these types of establishment. It aims to propose design methods at urban scale to the developers
Barboza, Tenório Márcio Murilo. "Les cyanobactéries pélagiques en milieu tropical oligotrophe : occurence, distribution et dynamique." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066100.
Full textGalgani, Turin Marie-Lise. "Reproduction contrôlée et élevage larvaire de crevettes pénéides en milieu tropical." Université d'Aix-Marseille II. Faculté des sciences (1969-2011), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX22032.
Full textBOGLI, THIERRY. "Propositions d'une methode de gestion originale des malades atteints de tuberculose pulmonaire en milieu tropical : d'apres une experience personnelle conduite a l'hopital de ndoungue (cameroun)." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CLF13010.
Full textKULLEAN, AIELLO NICOLE. "Maladies tropicales et conseils aux voyageurs se rendant a l'ile maurice." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE6522.
Full textGomez, Jean-Marie. "Representation ideale du voyageur par les voyageurs internationaux francais : a propos d'une enquete touchant 847 personnes." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU31055.
Full textROMERO, KARINE. "Vaccinations avant un depart en zone tropicale : developpement d'un logiciel de conseils." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT040M.
Full textLEBERT, CHRISTINE. "Realisation d'un fascicule de conseils aux voyageurs en partance pour la republique de guinee dans le cadre d'une action de cooperation avec la loire-atlantique." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT086M.
Full textROY, JEAN-YVES. "S. O. S. Voyages - tropiques - sante a l'hopital felix houphouet boigny de marseille : bilan d'un an d'activte." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20158.
Full textSAPIENZA, DANIEL. "Contribution a l'etude des risques sanitaires pour les voyageurs se rendant en amerique centrale." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20082.
Full textFIOL, JACQUELINE. "Bilan de 6 mois d'activite d'un service telephonique de renseignements sanitaires pour voyageurs a marseille." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX20043.
Full textMichel, Philippe. "De quelques aspects de santé tropicale au Sud Soudan : rapport d'une mission humanitaire." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN11151.
Full textSOUDRY, GABRIEL. "Sante des voyageurs tropicaux : repertoire de base des medicaments a usage tropical : etude des risques sanitaires dans un pays donne : l'exemple de la colombie." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20301.
Full textBAUZA, GILLES. "Contribution a l'etude des risques sanitaires pour les voyageurs se rendant dans les regions insulaires d'asie du sud-est." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20288.
Full textVanai, Paino. "Valorisation agronomique d'un compost urbain produit par methanisation : etude en milieu tropical." Pacifique, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PACI0009.
Full textMEAILLE, FLORENCE. "Problemes prioritaires de sante en zone tropicale." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20332.
Full textBUCAILLE, PATRICIA. "Interet et efficacite de l'algue spiruline dans l'alimentation des enfants presentant une malnutrition proteino-energetique en milieu tropical : a propos de 28 observations." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU31191.
Full textGIRAUDO-BERTRAND, CLAUDE. "L'enfant febrile de retour de zone tropicale : demarche diagnostique, traitement." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20037.
Full textCharlier, Jean-Baptiste. "Fonctionnement et modélisation hydrologique d'un petit bassin versant cultivé en milieu volcanique tropical." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00279097.
Full textL'objectif de cette thèse est de caractériser le fonctionnement hydrologique d'un petit bassin versant volcanique en climat tropical, dans un contexte cultivé principalement en banane. Le site d'étude est le bassin de Féfé (17,8 ha), sur l'île de la Basse-Terre en Guadeloupe, qui a été instrumenté entre 2003 et 2006. Deux approches complémentaires ont été utilisées.
Premièrement, l'approche expérimentale combinant géologie, hydrologie, hydrogéologie et traçage (pesticide) a permis de caractériser la structure, le bilan et les processus hydrologiques d'un petit bassin versant. Un schéma de fonctionnement global a été établi avec comme caractéristiques principales des flux hydriques élevés (pluie annuelle > 4 000 mm), une importante recharge des nappes (60 % de la pluie efficace annuelle), et une prédominance du ruissellement hortonien. Un modèle global à réservoirs basé sur ce schéma conceptuel a permis de reproduire correctement les flux de surface et souterrains. Ces études nous ont permis d'identifier les principaux mécanismes de contamination des sols et des eaux de surface et de nappes par un nématicide utilisé en bananeraies (le cadusafos).
Deuxièmement, l'approche de modélisation à l'aide du modèle distribué MHYDAS, a permis de rendre compte de l'incidence de l'occupation du sol et du réseau de fossés sur la genèse des crues. Cette approche intègre les spécificités du milieu cultivé tropical que sont la redistribution de la pluie par la plante (stemflow du bananier) et les échanges nappe-fossé. L'application du modèle aux échelles de la parcelle, du sous-bassin et du bassin versant, a permis de mieux caractériser les variabilités spatiale et temporelle des processus hydrologiques.
Ces deux approches constituent une voie pertinente pour évaluer l'impact environnemental des épandages agricoles, caractériser les changements d'échelle, et tester l'impact de l'occupation du sol.
Bonou, Clément A. "Étude de la productivité planctonique dans des étangs d'aquaculture en milieu saumâtre tropical." Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT007A.
Full textOuankpo, Fidendé Florent. "Les lésions odonto-stomatologiques séquelles des malnutritions chez l'enfant en milieu tropical africain." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2OC01.
Full textCharlier, Jean-Baptiste. "Fonctionnement et modélisation hydrologique d’un petit bassin versant cultivé en milieu volcanique tropical." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20220.
Full textThe aim of this study was to characterize the hydrological behaviour of a small cultivated catchment in a tropical volcanic region. The Féfé catchment (17. 8 ha), mainly planted with banana in the island of Basse-Terre in Guadeloupe (FWI), was studied between 2003 and 2006. An integrated experimental approach including geological, hydrological, hydrogeological and tracer experiments allowed the establishment of a behaviour scheme. A spatial modelling approach at the plot and catchment scales that takes into account specific features of cultivated areas as rainfall redistribution by plant (stemflow of the banana tree) and stream-groundwater interactions, allowed the characterization of the hydrological processes variability. The results indicate that despite the abundant rainfall volume and the high rainfall intensities, the heterogeneous and permeable volcanic framework promote underground flow paths. Land-use and ditch networks are key features for runoff generation
Baillon, Nathalie. "Otolithométrie en milieu tropical : application à trois espèces du lagon de Nouvelle -Calédonie." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX22056.
Full textSagui, Emmanuel. "Les hépatites virales E en milieu militaire outre-mer : aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et biologiques." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO1M181.
Full textKouakou, Kouame. "Durabilité des mortiers de ciment avec méta kaolin places dans un milieu marin tropical." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0090.
Full textThe durability of mortars and cement concretes with regard to temperate sea environment can be improved by using, in suitable proportions, pouzzolanic products such as meta kaolin (MK) This research analyse the influence of meta kaolin from Ivory coast and fluidifyers fitting to hot weather, in improving of the ability of cement Portland mortars placed in artificial sea water at 20°C and 30°C. Mechanical and physico-chemical comparative tests are carried out on two types of cement mortars ( 2. 2. 6 cm) samples: CPA 55 HPR and 70 % CPA + 30 % MK with or without two kinds of fluidifyers (melamine and naphthalene). The samples are placed, after 28 days of cure under saturated atmosphere at. 20°C and 30°C,respectively in sea water at 20°C and 30°C during 180 and 90 days. The reference ones are immersed in the same conditions in demineralized water. Those tests show us the beneficial effect of meta kaoline at 20°C and in a lesser degree at 30°C till 90 days. The better performances are observed with a fluidifyer of type melamine· CPA-MK mortars strength are increased by 40% and their sizes variations reduced by 60%
Houndenou, Constant. "Variabilité climatique et maïsiculture en milieu tropical humide : l'exemple du Bénin, diagnostic et modélisation." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL033.
Full textBouka, Biona Clobite. "Echanges forêt-atmosphère en milieu tropical humide. Dynamique de la couche limite. Expérience DECAFE." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30143.
Full textTOURNEBIZE, REGIS. "Microclimat lumineux et transpiration d'une association arbuste/herbe en milieu tropical : mesures et modelisation." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112146.
Full textChicoteau, Pierre. "Adaptation physiologique de la fonction sexuelle des bovins baoulé au milieu tropical sud-soudanien." Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA120057.
Full textFABRE, PIAUD ISABELLE. "Contribution a l'etude du diabete sucre en zone tropicale : enquetes alimentaires et donnees anthropometriques de cinquante-deux diabetiques dans la region de bouake (cote d'ivoire)." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6567.
Full textHuguet, Lucie. "Caractérisation biogéochimique et potentiel de méthylation du mercure de biofilms en milieu tropical (retenue de Petit Saut et estuaire du Sinnamary, Guyane Française)." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10080/document.
Full textThe Petit Saut dam was built on the Sinnamary River in French Guiana in 1994 and its flooding has resulted to the final immersion of 350 km² of uncleared tropical rainforest. All immersed surfaces (rocks, immersed tree branches and trunks, roots…) in the reservoir lake and in the downstream are recovered by abundant biofilms. The aim of the present work was to characterize biofilms in terms of elemental composition, organic matter content and microbial communities and to define their role in mercury methylation. A multidisciplinary approach, applied to the biofilms and the nepheloid layer of the reservoir sediment, consisted in (i) assessing carbon, nitrogen, iron, sulfur, manganese, mercury and methylmercury concentrations, (ii) characterizing the nature of organic matter using its carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition (?13C and ?15N), its C/N ratio and its fatty acids composition (focusing on bacterial biomarkers). In the reservoir, suspended particles matter is an important source of accumulating material in biofilms. Reservoir biofilms contain higher refractory organic matter than the biofilms of the estuary and than the reservoir nepheloid layer. Iron, sulfur and manganese, mercury and methylmercury concentration are stratified with depth. Even if the relative contribution of bacterial fatty acids biomarkers was low, Chlorobiaceae was identified above the oxycline, whereas iron reducing bacteria were predominant in the hypolimnion as regards sulphate reducing bacteria. In the estuary, iron weights for the major part of the biofilm and higher IRB amount is present than SRB. The more labile organic matter allows the development of various microbial metabolic groups such as methanotrophs at the Passerelle station. Presence of Firmicutes-Archaea consortia (FISH analysis) in enrichment of Passerelle biofilms and of the reservoir nepheloid layer suggests that methane could also be oxidized under anaerobic synthrophy. This study shows a new application of stable isotope incubation to determine mercury methylation potential in tropical biofilms. Methylation potential is the lowest in the biofilm from the oxycline whereas higher methylation rates are obtained for microorganisms of the water column (planktonic), nepheloid layer, biofilms sampled at -20 m and at the Passerelle station. Adding nutrient enhances mercury methylation, especially in the estuary but it doesn’t only promote growth of methylating microorganisms but also that of demethylating or not involved in Hg transformation microorganisms Differences in methylation potential could be explained by either the bacterial communities diversity and/or by biofilm composition modifying Hg bioavailability
Bourgeon, Gérard. "Les sols rouges de l'Inde péninsulaire méridionale : pédogénèse fersiallitique sur socle cristallin en milieu tropical /." Pondichéry : Institut français de Pondichéry, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35590345k.
Full textChaillan, Frédéric. "Biodégradation des hydrocarbures en milieu tropical : bioremédiation de déblais de forage et de sols contaminés." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066047.
Full textBourgeon, Gérard. "Les sols rouges de l'inde peninsulaire meridionale : pedogenese fersiallitique sur socle cristallin en milieu tropical." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066043.
Full textLamotte, Sandrine. "Essai d'interprétation dynamique des végétations en milieu tropical inondable : la plaine alluviale de Haute Amazonie." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20201.
Full textPillet, Valentin. "Détection et attribution des changements morphologiques côtiers récents en milieu insulaire tropical (Polynésie française, Caraïbe)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS019.
Full textLow-lying reef islands and coastal areas of tropical mountainous islands are highly vulnerable to the impacts of tropical cyclones and the expected effects of climate change. However, while the French metropolitan coasts have benefited from a significant effort to assess their long-term changes, French overseas islands are the least documented areas in French Territory. Based on this observation, this thesis examines the respective contribution of natural and anthropogenic drivers in the past evolution of reef islands (French Polynesia) and mountainous island beaches (Northern Lesser Antilles). This study relies on a combined approach between geomatic and fieldwork. From a multi-scalar (spatial and temporal) analysis, we detect and attribute the planimetric changes experienced by the sedimentary systems of the studied islands. Results on reef islands are comparable to those of previous studies which established that most of the islands have been stable or in expansion over the last decades. They allow to suggest conceptual models of long-term trajectories and examine the respective contribution of the drivers considered in this study. On mountainous island beaches, this study shows that local settings explain the high longitudinal variability detected in various climatic situations. In addition, this study contributes to the global samples of studied islands and to move forward on the understanding of past coastal changes in French overseas islands
Gourdine, Jean-Luc Bertrand. "Analyse des facteurs limitant les performances de reproduction des truies élevées sous un milieu tropical humide." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002320.
Full textLebigre, Jean-Michel. "Les marais maritimes du Gabon et de Madagascar : contribution géographique à l'étude d'un milieu naturel tropical." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30003.
Full textThis work abundantly illustrated (194 figures, 94 pictures) is divaded in three books. The book one is consecrated at the study of thedifferent elements and factors of the tidal marshes of gabon and madagascar : climate. Hydrology, geomorphology, soils, flora and fauna. Thebook two describe many tidal marches located along the western coast of Madagascar and in the north-west region of Gabon. The book three examine the chief problems of dynamics : tidal creeks systems, mangrove forest, transitions between and swamp forest, "tannes" (salt marshes), exploitation (forest exploitation, fisheries, rice cultivation, salt ponds, aquaculture). The work finish with a attempt of typology of tropical tidal marshes resting on the relative part of manguals, tannes and swamps