Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tropical plantation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Tropical plantation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Tropical plantation"

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Liu, Wenjie, Qinpu Luo, Jintao Li, Pingyuan Wang, Hongjian Lu, Wenyao Liu, and Hongmei Li. "The effects of conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantation on splash erosion in Xishuangbanna, SW China." Hydrology Research 46, no. 1 (December 28, 2013): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2013.109.

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The Xishuangbanna (SW China) landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations. This study characterized the influence of conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantation on potential splash erosion rate and actual splash erosion rate. The average potential splash erosion rate was 2.1 times higher in the rubber plantation than in the open, while for the rainforest it was only 1.2 times higher than in the open, suggesting that the rubber plantation canopy greatly increased the rainsplash erosion. The average actual splash erosion rate was 2.0 times higher in the rubber plantation than in the rainforest, demonstrating that the rainforest was more effective in controlling splash erosion. The actual splash erosion rate was considerably lower in the terrace bench than in the riser bank in the rubber plantation, indicating that the riser bank was more sensitive to raindrop splash. Hence, protection of terrace risers with productive vegetation or litter/mulch layer is of vital importance in this bench-terraced rubber plantation. These results clearly show that conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantation had a negative effect on controlling splash erosion.
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Hartemink, Alfred E. "Plantation Agriculture in the Tropics." Outlook on Agriculture 34, no. 1 (March 2005): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/0000000053295150.

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Plantation agriculture is more than 400 years old and contributes to the regional and national economies in many tropical countries. This paper reviews some of the main environmental issues related to plantation agriculture with perennial crops, including soil erosion, soil fertility decline, pollution, carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Soil erosion and soil fertility decline are of concern in some areas, but in most plantations these are being checked by cover crops and inorganic fertilizer applications. Few studies have been conducted on the issue of carbon sequestration under perennial plantation cropping. Reductions in deforestation yield much greater benefits for a reduction in CO2 emissions than expanding plantation agriculture. The biggest threat to biodiversity is the loss of habitat through expansion of the plantation area. Despite the environmental problems and concerns, this review has shown that crop yields of most perennial crops have increased over time due to improved crop husbandry including high-yielding cultivars and improved soil management. It is likely that more attention will be given to the environmental aspects of plantation cropping due to the increasing environmental awareness in tropical countries.
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Rotenberg, James A. "Ecological Role of a Tree (Gmelina Arborea) Plantation in Guatemala: An Assessment of an Alternative Land use for Tropical Avian Conservation." Auk 124, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 316–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/124.1.316.

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AbstractEstablished parks and nature reserves may be inadequate to preserve long-term biotic diversity, especially in tropical regions of Latin America where anthropogenic disturbance and land-conversion is an ongoing problem. Demand for economically productive land uses, such as cattle pastures or monoculture plantations, is one of the greatest threats to habitat and wildlife preservation. As a result, conservation biologists have turned to examining attributes of nonprotected lands to determine which land uses both support wildlife and make economic sense. I examined bird use of a plantation of Gmelina arborea (“white teak” or “melina” trees; hereafter “plantation”) in Guatemala to assess its suitability as bird habitat. Gmelina arborea is grown mainly for wood and paper pulp. Several compositionally different habitats were identified, based on the amount of natural vegetation grown within and among the plantation trees, forming a heterogeneous landscape. I detected 195 bird species from 45 families within this plantation-dominated landscape, and 144 species in plantation habitats combined. I observed a positive association between increased vegetative complexity and bird species richness; moreover, bird species richness attained levels statistically indistinguishable from those found in nearby forest fragments. Mixed plantation habitat containing 19–31% natural vegetative coverage supported bird communities that equaled or surpassed levels of species richness found by other researchers in shaded coffee (Coffea spp.) plantations. However, pure stands of G. arborea supported richness levels equal to those of grazed pasture; diversity levels associated with both these land uses were close to those reported for sun coffee plantations. Clearly, native vegetation played a significant role in enhancing bird species richness in the plantation habitat, and amounts of relative cover similar to or exceeding those in the plantation I studied should be considered in any management plan for G. arborea in Central America.Rol Ecológico de Plantaciones de Árboles de Gmelina arborea en Guatemala: Una Evaluación de un Uso Alternativo del Suelo para la Conservación de las Aves Tropicales
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Li, Jiayu, Jiayi Lin, Chenyu Pei, Kaitao Lai, Thomas C. Jeffries, and Guangda Tang. "Variation of soil bacterial communities along a chronosequence of Eucalyptus plantation." PeerJ 6 (September 24, 2018): e5648. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5648.

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Eucalyptus is harvested for wood and fiber production in many tropical and sub-tropical habitats globally. Plantation has been controversial because of its influence on the surrounding environment, however, the influence of massive Eucalyptus planting on soil microbial communities is unclear. Here we applied high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to assess the microbial community composition and diversity of planting chronosequences, involving two, five and ten years of Eucalyptus plantation, comparing to that of secondary-forest in South China. We found that significant changes in the composition of soil bacteria occurred when the forests were converted from secondary-forest to Eucalyptus. The bacterial community structure was clearly distinct from control and five year samples after Eucalyptus was grown for 2 and 10 years, highlighting the influence of this plantation on local soil microbial communities. These groupings indicated a cycle of impact (2 and 10 year plantations) and low impact (5-year plantations) in this chronosequence of Eucalyptus plantation. Community patterns were underpinned by shifts in soil properties such as pH and phosphorus concentration. Concurrently, key soil taxonomic groups such as Actinobacteria showed abundance shifts, increasing in impacted plantations and decreasing in low impacted samples. Shifts in taxonomy were reflected in a shift in metabolic potential, including pathways for nutrient cycles such as carbon fixation, which changed in abundance over time following Eucalyptus plantation. Combined these results confirm that Eucalyptus plantation can change the community structure and diversity of soil microorganisms with strong implications for land-management and maintaining the health of these ecosystems.
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Forba, Cletus Fru, and Jude Ndzifon Kimengsi. "Exploring Plantation Development and Land Cover Changes in the Meme-Mungo Corridor of Cameroon." International Journal of Global Sustainability 5, no. 1 (August 4, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijgs.v5i1.18906.

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There is an apparent nexus between the development of plantations and changes in landcover. The Meme-Mungo Corridor is an example par excellence of a tropical plantation corridor in Cameroon which has witnessed significant expansion in tropical plantations of cocoa, banana, rubber and oil palm, among others. This paper analyzes the connection between land cover changes and plantation development over a 42-year period (1960 and 2012). A total of 100 households were sampled using the systematic sampling technique. Furthermore, multispectral data, obtained from the Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF, 2005) were used in the classification of the study area. These images were processed using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) software and further compiled into a GIS database using ESRI ArcGIS software. The results showed that between 1960 and 2012, a more than 50% increase in the surface area of plantation crops was registered, leadingto a corresponding change in the land cover situation. Based on this, the study probed into the implications of further plantation development on land cover; further land cover changes could be attributed to the extension of plantations. This paperrecommends among others, the need for intensive agriculture to be encouraged so as to ensure an increase in agricultural output against the backdrop of a decline in agricultural space. Furthermore, augmenting agro-product value chains will stem the loss of agro-produce due to perishability. This will contribute to regulate extensive plantation development in the area.
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Chao, Sophie. "(Un)Worlding the Plantationocene: Extraction, Extinction, Emergence." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics 21, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 165–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.21.1.2022.3838.

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This article explores how tropical plantation lifeworlds are made and unmade through more-than-human forms of extraction, extinction, and emergence. Taking the palm oil sector as my primary focus of inquiry, I trace the extractions of substance, land, and labour undergirding the historical transformation of oil palm from West African subsistence plant to pan-tropical cash crop and controversial global commodity. I then examine how the presents, futures, and relations of multispecies communities are pushed to the edge of extinction under the plantation logic of ecological simplification, reorganization, and instrumentalization. Finally, I explore oil palm landscapes as zones of ecological emergence, where diverse plants, animals, and fungi are learning to co-exist with oil palm in new forms of symbiosis. Thinking-with processes of more-than-human extraction, extinction, and emergence foregrounds the sequential and synchronous ways in which plantations are worlded, unworlded, and reworlded across time, space, and species. Such an approach points to the importance of reconciling theoretical conceptualizations of plantations as ideology with ethnographically grounded examinations of plantations as patches. It also invites difficult but important ethical, political, and methodological questions on how to story the lively facets of plantation lifeworlds without doing (further) violence to the human and other-than-human beings who experience plantations as lethal undoings and endings.
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Brown, Sandra, Ariel E. Lugo, and Jonathan Chapman. "Biomass of tropical tree plantations and its implications for the global carbon budget." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x86-067.

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To determine the present and future role of tropical tree plantations in the global carbon budget, data on rates of plantation establishment and their commercial volumes, by species groups and age-classes, were gathered and converted to biomass and ultimately to carbon fluxes. The rate of plantation establishment has increased dramatically since the 1940's, resulting in an area in 1980 of about 11 × 106 ha with more than 60% of this area planted during the last decade. Total biomass of plantations is estimated to range from 0.65 × 109 to 2.22 × 109 t or about 1% of the biomass of natural forests. Most of the biomass (79%) is in the 6- to 30-year-old plantations. We estimate that tropical plantations are a small sink of atmospheric carbon of 0.03–0.11 × 109 t C/year, most of which occurs in the two youngest age-classes. Although this flux is small, it may be sufficient to balance the small source of carbon from harvesting forests and other land-use changes in the temperate zone.
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Sari, Inggit Lolita, Christopher J. Weston, Glenn J. Newnham, and Liubov Volkova. "Developing Multi-Source Indices to Discriminate between Native Tropical Forests, Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations in Indonesia." Remote Sensing 14, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14010003.

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Over the last 18 years, Indonesia has experienced significant deforestation due to the expansion of oil palm and rubber plantations. Accurate land cover maps are essential for policymakers to track and manage land change to support sustainable forest management and investment decisions. An automatic digital processing (ADP) method is currently used to develop land cover change maps for Indonesia, based on optical imaging (Landsat). Such maps produce only forest and non-forest classes, and often oil palm and rubber plantations are misclassified as native forests. To improve accuracy of these land cover maps, this study developed oil palm and rubber plantation discrimination indices using the integration of Landsat-8 and synthetic aperture radar Sentinel-1 images. Sentinel-1 VH and VV difference (>7.5 dB) and VH backscatter intensity were used to discriminate oil palm plantations. A combination of Landsat-8 NDVI, NDMI with Sentinel-1 VV and VH were used to discriminate rubber plantations. The improved map produced four land cover classes: native forest, oil palm plantation, rubber plantation, and non-forest. High-resolution SPOT 6/7 imagery and ground truth data were used for validation of the new classified maps. The map had an overall accuracy of 92%; producer’s accuracy for all classes was higher than 90%, except for rubber (65%), and user’s accuracy was over 80% for all classes. These results demonstrate that indices developed from a combination of optical and radar images can improve our ability to discriminate between native forest and oil palm and rubber plantations in the tropics. The new mapping method will help to support Indonesia’s national forest monitoring system and inform monitoring of plantation expansion.
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Zhang, W., X. Zhu, Y. Luo, R. Rafique, H. Chen, J. Huang, and J. Mo. "Responses of nitrous oxide emissions to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in two tropical plantations with N-fixing vs. non-N-fixing tree species." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2014): 1413–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-1413-2014.

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Abstract. Leguminous tree plantations at phosphorus (P) limited sites may result in higher rates of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, however, the effects of nitrogen (N) and P applications on soil N2O emissions from plantations with N-fixing vs. non-N-fixing tree species has rarely been studied in the field. We conducted an experimental manipulation of N and P additions in two tropical plantations with Acacia auriculiformis (AA) and Eucalyptus urophylla (EU) tree species in South China. The objective was to determine the effects of N- or P-addition alone, as well as NP application together on soil N2O emissions from tropical plantations with N-fixing vs. non-N-fixing tree species. We found that the average N2O emission from control was greater in AA (2.26 ± 0.06 kg N2O-N ha−1 yr−1) than in EU plantation (1.87 ± 0.05 kg N2O-N ha−1 yr−1). For the AA plantation, N-addition stimulated the N2O emission from soil while P-addition did not. Applications of N with P together significantly decreased N2O emission compared to N-addition alone, especially in high level treatment plots (decreased by 18%). In the EU plantation, N2O emissions significantly decreased in P-addition plots compared with the controls, however, N- and NP-additions did not. The differing response of N2O emissions to N- or P-addition was attributed to the higher initial soil N status in the AA than that of the EU plantation, due to symbiotic N fixation in the former. Our results suggest that atmospheric N deposition potentially stimulates N2O emissions from leguminous tree plantations in the tropics, whereas P fertilization has the potential to mitigate N deposition-induced N2O emissions from such plantations.
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Wibowo, Risky Hadi, Nisa Rachmania Mubarik, Iman Rusmana, Maggy Thenawidjaya Suhartono, Sipriyadi Sipriyadi, and Masrukhin Masrukhin. "Analysis of Soil Bacterial Diversity from Tropical Rainforest and Oil Palm Plantation In Jambi, Indonesia by 16S rRNA-DGGE Profiles." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (July 27, 2022): 68820. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.68820.

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Oil palm plantations are the most invasive land use changes in Southeast Asia. It must have affected unique natural biodiversity. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of soil bacteria based on 16S rRNA gene profiles from tropical forest and oil palm plantation in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Soil sample was taken from tropical forest and oil palm plantation from Jambi province, Indonesia. The forest site is in Bukit Duabelas National Park, and the nearby oil palm plantation is in Sarolangun District, Jambi Province, Indonesia. The diversity of bacterial communities from topsoil was studied using Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA gene and common biodiversity indices. PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene was successfully conducted primers-using 33F/ 518R primers. Phylogenetic approach was used for revealing the community shift of bacterial phyla and genera in both areas. Phylogenetic analysis showed there were 4 phyla of bacteria i.e., Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, respectively. Actinobacteria was the most dominant group in both areas. The composition of soil bacterial community in the oil palm plantation, based on total number of bands 16S rRNA generated from DGGE was richer than that in the Bukit Dua Belas National Park. It was probably caused by plantation year circle more than 10 years and routine activities during the plantation management, such as applications of agricultural lime, herbicide and fertilizer.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tropical plantation"

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Tibok, Anthony. "Genetic improvement of the tropical forest plantation species Eucalyptus and Acacia." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260347.

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Villanueva, Teodoro R. "Integrated yield forecasting and harvest scheduling in a tropical pine plantation in Fiji." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Forestry, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7588.

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This thesis reports on enhancements of two planning method components aimed at improving management and planning of forest plantations in the tropics. The two modular planning models subjected to detailed study are growth and yield modelling and harvest scheduling. A case study relating to Caribbean pine in Fiji is used to demonstrate the refined capability. Growth and yield modelling has been improved by applying modern statistical and computer techniques to solve non-linear equations that describe growth of stands appropriately. Further improvements have been achieved by developing diameter distribution growth and yield models solved by a combination of parameter recovery and prediction method thereby ensuring compatibility between average stand values and diameter distribution values. In conducting improvements in growth and yield models, data manipulation and data validation procedures are described and reviewed in detail to emphasize their importance, particularly for non-linear regression fitting of equations, growth, yield and diameter distribution projection modelling. Various growth projection equations were tested before final stand average functional forms for basal area per hectare, standard deviation of diameter at breast height outside bark, maximum diameter at breast height outside bark and survival per hectare were identified and then integrated into the growth and yield model. The precision of the equations was assessed through graphs and statistics relating to residuals. The stand simultaneous growth and yield equations solved and used in the model consist of modified forms of different growth projection functions, such as the Gompertz, exponential and Schumacher, which were then used to derive a diameter distribution based on the Reverse Weibull probability density function. The diameter distribution growth and yield model was prepared as a simulation model to predict stand average values then, in conjunction with existing stem volume and taper equations, to derive stand and stock tables that allow disaggregation of diameter classes into log types. Three simulation models were created, one in Vax Fortran, one in PC Fortran and the other in spreadsheet format to enhance the models's portability. The harvest scheduling model developed is a spreadsheet based LP model which is able to schedule harvests from a number of stands within a medium-term planning horizon using different logging methods with the log harvest to be delivered to different ports or utilization plants. A Fiji case study provided a demonstration of the modelling capability for fifteen stands, seven years, four logging methods and two ports. This new kind of LP harvest scheduling model was developed with a deliberate intention to facilitate the running of it with the input from the improved growth and yield model. In developing this harvest scheduling model, the nature of LP in general was first reviewed and compared to other tools of harvest scheduling like binary search and simulation. LP harvest scheduling was found in this review to be a widely used tool and solution algorithms for which abound. A major problem with most solutions was the need to cater for sophisticated report writing and matrix generation. These two concerns were specifically addressed in the model developed as part of this study. The use of a spreadsheet as input to the LP was seen to be an efficient way of overcoming some of the major criticisms levelled at LP by potential users. The methodology developed was also advantageous because of its capability to facilitate the integration of growth and yield outputs with harvest scheduling. It was concluded that forest planning models can be readily improved with software and hardware that developing countries can easily afford. The models reported here harness the capabilities of the now commonly employed spreadsheet as a powerful tool for easier routine input, output and sensitivity analysis, to assist decision making for harvest scheduling and to simplify managerial planning and control.
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Tchichellé, Sogni Viviane. "Production de biomasse et quantification des flux d’azote dans une plantation mixte d’Eucalyptus urophylla x grandis et d’Acacia mangium au Congo." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0115/document.

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Les plantations forestières représentent 5% de la surface forestière mondiale mais assurent plus du tiers de l’approvisionnement en bois de la planète. La durabilité de ces systèmes de production repose sur le maintien à long terme de leur fertilité, sans recourir à la fertilisation. L’introduction d’une espèce fixatrice d’azote (N) dans les plantations forestières est une des solutions envisagées pour relever ce défi. L’objectif de la thèse était d’évaluer l’effet de l’introduction de l’Acacia mangium dans une plantation pure d’eucalyptus sur la croissance des arbres, la production de biomasse et la dynamique de N dans le sol. Pour atteindre cet objectif, des inventaires destructifs combinés à une collecte des chutes de litière ainsi qu’un suivi annuel de la minéralisation de N dans le sol, ont été réalisés. Ils ont été associés à l’étude de la fixation symbiotique de N et de l’enrichissement en N de la matière organique particulaire. Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence un effet positif de l’acacia sur la croissance des eucalyptus à travers une modification des relations interspécifiques. La relation de facilitation engendrée par la fixation symbiotique de N a été à l’origine d’une augmentation de la croissance des eucalyptus et de la production primaire nette aérienne. Cette augmentation de croissance était liée à l’amélioration du contenu azoté du sol, en particulier dans la fraction grossière de la matière organique particulaire. Une augmentation de la production de N par minéralisation a révélé un recyclage beaucoup plus rapide du N du sol. Ces travaux ouvrent des perspectives pour une intensification écologique de la sylviculture des plantations tropicales
Forest plantations represent 5% of the world forest area but provide more than one third of world wood supply. Sustainability of these systems is based on the long-term maintenance of their fertility without using fertilizers. The introduction of nitrogen (N) fixing species in forest plantations is one of the solutions to take-up this challenge. The aim of this work was to assess the effects of the introduction of Acacia mangium in pure stand of eucalypts on tree growth, biomass production and soil nitrogen dynamics. To achieve this goal, destructive inventories combined with quantification of N fluxes in litter fall and annual monitoring of N mineralization in soil, has been done. They were associated with study of the symbiotic fixation of N and N enrichment in particulate organic matter. The study highlighted a positive effect of acacia on the growth of eucalyptus through a modification of interspecific interactions. Facilitating relationship created by the symbiotic nitrogen fixation has been the source of an increase in the growth of eucalyptus and aboveground net primary production. This increased growth was related to improvement of the nitrogen content of the soil, especially in the coarse fraction of the particulate organic matter. An increase in nitrogen mineralization indicated a much faster soil nitrogen cycling. This work opens perspectives for an ecological intensification of tropical plantation forestry
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Ciglasch, Holger. "Insecticide dynamics in the soil environment of a tropical lychee plantation a case study from Northern Thailand /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980860342.

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Hamilton, Rachel Elizabeth. "The impact of forest conversion to oil palm plantation on the internal nitrogen cycle of tropical lowland soils." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5280/.

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This thesis seeks to quantify the effect of land use change from tropical forest to oil palm plantation on nitrogen biogeochemical cycling in Sabah, Malaysia (Borneo). Nitrogen cycling process rates and indices were examined across four forests and six oil palm plantations during the inter-monsoon and end of wet season in 2010 and 2012 respectively. Firstly, the study establishes a baseline to assess the impact of land use change along a chronosequence of forest succession. Results indicate that forests follow a trajectory of nitrogen recovery and increased “openness” to nitrogen cycling through secondary forest development. Secondly, the spatial and temporal variation of nitrogen cycling within oil palm plantations is assessed. Results show that plantation management practices result in spatial variability in soil nitrogen. Examining process rates revealed an increasing trend of N\(_2\)O emission and decreasing trends of soil organic matter content as plantations matured. However, season and soil type also affected denitrification and N\(_2\)O emission. Finally, a replicated comparison of process rates in forests and plantations on riparian and terra firme soils revealed that plantation establishment significantly altered rates of nitrogen cycling and resulted in greater emissions of N\(_2\)O from \(terra\) \(firme\) plantations.
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Setiari, Marwanto. "Study on decomposition characteristics of peat soils under oil palm plantation in Riau and West Kalimantan, Indonesia." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/233851.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第21312号
農博第2297号
新制||農||1065(附属図書館)
学位論文||H30||N5146(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻
(主査)教授 舟川 晋也, 教授 縄田 栄治, 教授 北山 兼弘
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Amazonas, Nino Tavares. "High diversity mixed plantations in Brazil: Eucalyptus intercropped with native tree species." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-07052018-112057/.

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The high cost of restoring tropical forests is one of the greatest obstacle to achieving large-scale restoration. To overcome this barrier, we developed and implemented mixed plantations intercropping Eucalyptus with a high diversity of native tree species. The aim was to create favorable conditions for the regeneration of native species while simultaneously obtaining economic return from the exploitation of Eucalyptus as a commercial pioneer species. The use of Eucalyptus in this system is temporary and it shall be replaced by additional native species after it is harvested. In this research, we covered the main aspects and approaches of the effects of competition on tree growth using data from our restoration experiments. The objective of this research was to test the ecological viability of plantations that temporarily mix Eucalyptus spp. and a high diversity of native tree species during the initial phases of forest restoration as a strategy to offset implementation and maintenance costs. This alternative is investigated with a focus on the consequences of ecological interactions on tree survival and growth in three experiments implemented in the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern and Southeastern Brazil. We compared stands of native trees intercropped with Eucalyptus, traditional restoration plantations, and Eucalyptus monocultures. The thesis is structured in three main parts in which we focus in how the mixtures function compared to restoration plantations and Eucalyptus monocultures. We used forest inventories to understand the effects of competition and assessed ecophysiological parameters to provide insights about the mechanisms that affect tree growth when trees compete for water, light and nutrients. In the first part of the study, we showed that mixed plantations effectively combined high wood yield and tree diversity; that Eucalyptus grew larger in mixtures with native species than in monocultures; that native tree species grew less in mixtures with Eucalyptus; and that the mixing effect was stronger for fast- and intermediate-growing native species. In the second part, we found that mixtures consumed less water than monocultures; that Eucalyptus reduced the hydraulic performance of a fast-growing native species; and that tree growth was influenced by changes in the ecophysiology of water use. In the last part, we showed that a high diversity of nitrogen-fixing native trees facilitated Eucalyptus growth; that Eucalyptus had ~30% higher wood N concentration in mixtures; that native trees growth was not limited by nutrient competition with Eucalyptus; that Eucalyptus may benefit from increased light availability in mixed plantations; and that native species plots intercepted more sunlight than mixtures or Eucalyptus stands. This research has a strong interface between restoration science and practice, and contributed to the development of new ways to restore the tropical forests by allying restoration and production under the ecological and economic perspectives. Our findings indicate how to advance into the future, starting from the current state of art towards forest restoration systems that minimize competition and maximize growth, as an emergent promising alternative to finance tropical forest restoration and overcome the economic barrier that still holds large-scale restoration. This research may be used as a basis to continue adapting silviculture for different regions and forest ecosystems. Looking further into the future, these mixtures may also represent the starting point of a new silvicultural model that brings together production and conservation. The information available may be used by scientists, decision-makers, planners and restorationists to advance in the science and practice of restoration and silviculture in the tropics.
O alto custo de se restaurar as florestas tropicais são um dos maiores obstáculos para se atingir a restauração em larga escala. Para superar essa barreira, nós desenvolvemos e implantamos plantações mistas que intercalam Eucalyptus e uma alta diversidade de espécies arbóreas nativas. O objetivo é criar condições favoráveis para a regeneração das espécies nativas e, ao mesmo tempo, obter retorno econômico da exploração de eucalipto como uma espécie pioneira comercial. O uso do eucalipto nesse sistema é temporário e ele deve ser substituído por espécies nativa adicionais após ser colhido. Nessa pesquisa, nós cobrimos os principais aspectos e abordagens relacionados aos efeitos da competição sobre o crescimento arbóreo utilizando dados dos nossos experimentos. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi testar a viabilidade ecológica de plantios que consorciam temporariamente eucalipto e uma alta diversidade de espécies arbóreas nativas durante as fases iniciais da restauração ecológica como uma estratégia para compensar parte dos custos de implantação e manutenção. Essa alternativa é investigada com foco nas consequências das interações ecológicas sobre a sobrevivência e o crescimento das árvores em três experimentos implantados na Mata Atlântica do nordeste e sudeste do Brasil. Nós implantamos e comparamos talhões de espécies nativas intercaladas com eucalipto, plantios de restauração tradicionais e monocultivos de eucalipto. A tese é estruturada em três partes principais com foco em como os plantios mistos funcionam em comparação a plantios de restauração e monocultivos de eucalipto. Nós utilizamos inventários florestais para entender os efeitos da competição e estimamos parâmetros ecofisiológicos para investigar os mecanismos que afetam o crescimento arbóreo quando as árvores competem por água, luz e nutrientes. Na primeira parte do estudo, nó mostramos que os plantios mistos combinaram efetivamente alta produção de madeira com diversidade arbórea; que eucalipto cresceu mais em plantios mistos do que em monocultivos; que espécies nativas cresceram menos em consórcio com eucalipto; e que o efeito do consórcio foi maior para espécies de crescimento rápido e intermediário. Na segunda parte, mostramos que plantios mistos consumiram menos água do que monocultivos; que Eucalyptus reduziu a performance hidráulica de uma espécie nativa de rápido crescimento; e que o crescimento das árvores foi influenciado por mudanças na ecofisiologia do uso da água. Na última parte, nós mostramos que uma alta diversidade de espécies arbóreas fixadoras de nitrogênio facilitaram o crescimento de Eucalyptus; que Eucalyptus teve concentração de N ~30% mais alta na madeira, em plantios mistos; que o crescimento de árvores nativas não foi limitado pela competição por nutrientes com eucalipto; que eucalipto pode se beneficiar de maior disponibilidade de luz em plantios mistos; e que parcelas de espécies nativas interceptaram mais luz do que plantios mistos ou monocultivos de eucalipto. Essa pesquisa tem uma forte interface entre a ciência e a prática da restauração, e contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de novas maneiras de se restaurar as florestas tropicais por meio da aliança entre restauração e produção sob as perspectivas ecológica e econômica. Nossas descobertas indicam como avançar no futuro, a partir do estado da arte atual, em direção a sistemas de restauração florestal que minimizem a competição e maximizem o crescimento, como uma alternativa emergente e promissora para compensar os custos da restauração e superar a barreira econômica que ainda impede a restauração em larga escala. Essa pesquisa pode ser utilizada como uma base para se continuar adaptando a silvicultura a diferentes regiões e ecossistemas florestais. Olhando para o futuro mais distante, esses plantios mistos podem também representar um ponto inicial de um novo modelo de silvicultura que alia produção e conservação. A informação disponibilidade deve ser utilizada por cientistas, tomadores de decisão, planejadores e restauradores para avançar com a ciência e a prática da restauração e da silvicultura nos trópicos.
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Yamamoto, Kodai. "ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE AND LAND USE CHANGE IMPACTS ON FLOOD INUNDATION IN A HUMID TROPICAL RIVER BASIN：A CASE STUDY OF SUMATRA ISLAND IN INDONESIA." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263624.

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Abstract:
付記する学位プログラム名: グローバル生存学大学院連携プログラム
京都大学
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第23163号
工博第4807号
京都大学大学院工学研究科社会基盤工学専攻
(主査)教授 立川 康人, 教授 田中 茂信, 准教授 佐山 敬洋
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering)
Kyoto University
DFAM
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Healy, Chrystal. "The biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship : separating the effects of species richness, from those of species identity and environmental heterogeneity in a tropical tree plantation." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101136.

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This study attempts to expand existing knowledge on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, by studying a four year old tropical tree plantation. The growth of trees coming from monocultures, three species mixtures and six species mixtures was compared. Through multivariate statistical analysis, the variation in tree productivity was partitioned into different components: variation explained by (1) species richness, (2) species identity and (3) the environment. Results reveal that the environment explains the largest portion of variability in tree growth. Moreover, of the small amount of variation explained by diversity, species identity is found to be twice as important then species richness. Of notable significance was the amount of variation explained by the interaction of diversity with the environment.
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Sellami, Fatima. "Fonctionnement biologique du sol sableux sous plantations d’eucalyptus d’âges différents. Effets du reboisement sur les communautés de la macrofaune et des microorganismes du sol en milieu tropical (Congo) et méditerranéen (Maroc)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0066.

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Les plantations d'Eucalyptus, au Congo (région de Pointe-Noire) comme au Maroc (forêt de la Maâmora), soulèvent des controverses quant à leurs effets sur des sols sableux pauvres en matière organique. Dans un enjeu de développement durable de tels écosystèmes anthropiques, les recherches sur le sujet se sont multipliées. Toutefois, les connaissances relatives au fonctionnement biologique des sols sous ces plantations méritent encore d'être approfondies. Principaux acteurs de ce fonctionnement biologique, les organismes vivant dans ces sols et leurs activités ne sont que trop peu décrites, et nécessitent en ce sens de se trouver au cœur des études sur le sujet. Notre travail de thèse s'inscrit dans ces problématiques. Ainsi, nous évaluons les conséquences du reboisement sur les communautés de la macrofaune et des microorganismes de ces sols, et également l'activité des enzymes clés liées aux principaux cycles biogéochimiques (C, N et P).Cette recherche présente la particularité de la prise en compte simultanée de deux facteurs peu souvent évoqués, que sont, l'« âge des plantations » et la « profondeur du sol ». Nous avons abordé ces questions par une étude multi-échelle.Ainsi, nous avons étudié les macroinvertébrés quant à leur diversité taxonomique et à leur composition verticale, selon une approche combinée (TSPF + carré anglais). Par la suite, les premières caractérisations de structure et de diversité des communautés microbiennes ont été réalisées. Ceci, par mesure de densité et par déterminations morphotypiques (cultures in vitro) et génétiques (DGGE), au niveau des communautés totales. Par mesure du potentiel métabolique pour ce qui est des communautés fonctionnelles (plaques Biolog). Enfin, l'activité biologique des sols a été évaluée en mesurant l'activité de huit enzymes et l'activité microbienne globale (hydrolyse FDA).Ainsi, par comparaison à la forêt naturelle adjacente, cette étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence que l'introduction d'eucalyptus sur savane (Congo) ou sur chêne-liège dégradé (Maroc), modifie la structure et la diversité des communautés de la macrofaune et des microorganismes du sol ainsi que le profil des activités enzymatiques. Aussi bien en fonction de l'âge des plantations que de la profondeur du sol, ceci est valable. C'est le fonctionnement biologique qui se trouve donc impacté.Les proportions et les conséquences de cet impact restent toutefois particulières à chaque cas. Il faut cependant noter exception pour les activités enzymatiques liées au cycle de l'azote, qui apparaissent influencées de façon comparable dans les deux cas à l'étude. Ces activités diminuent significativement avec l'âge du peuplement, confirmant le statut déficitaire en azote de ce type de plantation
Eucalyptus plantations in Congo (Pointe-Noire region) and in Morocco (Mamora forest) raised certain controversies regarding their effects on the sandy poor soils. In such anthropogenic ecosystems, researches on the subject have multiplied in order to ensure their sustainable management. However, knowledge on the biological functioning of soils in these plantations still needs to be explored. Main actors of this biological functioning are soil organisms and their activities which have been described very little, and need to be more studied. Our thesis encompasses this problematic. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of reforestation on the communities of macrofauna and microorganisms of soil, and the activity of different key enzymes, as well, related to main biogeochemical cycles (C, N and P). This research presents, particularly, a simultaneous consideration of two factors rarely mentioned before: the "age of the plantations" and "soil depth". We addressed these issues by a multi-scale study. We studied macroinvertebrates by their taxonomic diversity and vertically composition by a combined approach (TSPF + English square). Subsequently, the characterization of structure and diversity of microbial communities was done by density measurements, morphotype-specific (in-vitro culture) and the genetic determinations (DGGE) and by measuring the metabolic potential in terms of functional communities (Biolog plates). Finally, soil biological activity was evaluated by determining the activity of eight different enzymes and the total microbial activity (FDA hydrolysis).Therefore, as compared to the adjacent natural forest soils, this study allowed us to demonstrate that the introduction of eucalyptus plantations, in savanna (Congo) or in degraded cork oak ecosystem (Morocco), alters the structure and diversity of macrofauna communities, soil microorganisms and the enzymatic activity profiles. Consequently, the biological functioning of the soils is impacted both in terms of the age of plantations and soil depth. However, the proportions and the consequences of this impact were very specific in each case, with the exception of enzymatic activities related to the nitrogen cycle, which influenced comparatively in both studies. These activities decreased significantly along with the stand age of eucalyptus plantations, confirming the deficient status of nitrogen in such plantations
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Books on the topic "Tropical plantation"

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Jain, S. Mohan, and P. M. Priyadarshan, eds. Breeding Plantation Tree Crops: Tropical Species. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71201-7.

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Suzuki, Kazuo, Katsuaki Ishii, Shobu Sakurai, and Satohiko Sasaki, eds. Plantation Technology in Tropical Forest Science. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/4-431-28054-5.

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Giriappa, S. Plantation economy in India. New Delhi: M D Publications, 1995.

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Giriappa, S. The role of plantation crops in agricultural development. Delhi: Daya Pub. House, 1989.

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PLACROSYM (6th 1984 Rubber Research Institute of India). Proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on Plantation Crops. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., 1987.

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Pandey, Devendra. Forest resources assessment, 1990: Tropical forest plantation resources. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1995.

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PLACROSYM, (7th 1986 Coonoor India). Proceedings of the Seventh Symposium on Plantation Crops: PLACROSYM VII, 1986. Kasaragod: Indian Society for Plantation Crops, 1989.

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Symposium on Plantation Opportunities in India (1986 New Delhi, India). Plantation crops, opportunities and constraints: Proceedings of the Symposium on Plantation Opportunities in India, 31st January and 1st February 1986, New Delhi, India. Edited by Srivastava H. C, Vatsya Bhartendu, Menon K. K. G, and Hindustan Lever Research Foundation. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., 1986.

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Rob, Lockwood, and Knox, J. W. (Jerry W.), eds. Advances in irrigation agronomy: Plantation crops. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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L' économie de plantation en Côte-d'Ivoire forestière. Abidjan: Nouvelles Editions africaines, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tropical plantation"

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Onyekwelu, Jonathan C., Bernd Stimm, and Julian Evans. "Review Plantation Forestry." In Tropical Forestry, 399–454. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19986-8_27.

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Lewark, Siegfried. "Work in Plantation Forests." In Work in Tropical Forests, 141–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64444-7_5.

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Von Uexküll, H. R. "Potassium Nutrition of Some Tropical Plantation Crops." In Potassium in Agriculture, 929–54. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1985.potassium.c40.

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Kadeba, Olatunji. "Above-ground nutrient dynamics of Caribbean Pine (Pinus caribaea) plantation ecosystems." In Soils of Tropical Forest Ecosystems, 125–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03649-5_13.

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Kadir, Wan Rasidah, O. Van Cleemput, and A. R. Zaharah. "Nutrient retranslocations during the early growth of two exotic plantation species." In Soils of Tropical Forest Ecosystems, 133–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03649-5_14.

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Schäfer, Heiner, Holger Krieger, and Hartmut Bossel. "Process-Oriented Models for Simulation of Growth Dynamics of Tropical Natural and Plantation Forests." In Tropical Forests in Transition, 191–224. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7256-0_13.

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Davis, Anthony S., Douglass F. Jacobs, and R. Kasten Dumroese. "Challenging a Paradigm: Toward Integrating Indigenous Species into Tropical Plantation Forestry." In Forest Landscape Restoration, 293–308. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5326-6_15.

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Gutzler, Carsten, Stefan Koehler, and Gerhard Gerold. "A comparison of throughfall rate and nutrient fluxes in rainforest and cacao plantation in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." In Tropical Rainforests and Agroforests under Global Change, 309–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00493-3_14.

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Hatta, Muhammad. "Stabilization of Food Self-Sufficiency Through Biomanagement of Agroforestry Systems in Industrial Plantation Forests." In Proceeding of the 1st International Conference on Tropical Agriculture, 163–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60363-6_16.

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Okuyama, Takashi, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Imam Wahyudi, and Yusuf Sudo Hadi. "Wood Qualities of Some Tropical Plantation Species — Does Hastening the Growth Debase the Quality?" In Improvement of Forest Resources for Recyclable Forest Products, 144–47. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53963-6_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tropical plantation"

1

Mukhdlor, Ahmad, Muhammad Taufiq Haqiqi, Muhammad Taufan Tirkaamiana, Wiwin Suwinarti, and Rudianto Amirta. "Assessment of Wood Biomass Productivity from Anthocephalus macrophyllus Forest Plantation for Energy Production." In Joint Symposium on Tropical Studies (JSTS-19). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210408.005.

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Herdiyeni, Yeni, Muhammad Ilham Jamaluddin, Tri Setio, Vektor Dewanto, Budi Tjahjono, and Bayo Alhusaeri Siregar. "An integrated smart surveillance system for diseases monitoring in tropical plantation forests." In 2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icct.2017.8359945.

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Sandiah, Natsir, Syamsuddin, Rahim Aka, and La Ode Muh Munadi. "Diversity of Forage Species in Oil Palm Plantation Area in Kolaka Regency." In International Conference on Improving Tropical Animal Production for Food Security (ITAPS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220309.048.

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Tiausas, Francis Jerome G., Jerelyn Co, Marc Joseph M. Macalinao, Maria Leonora Guico, Jose Claro Monje, and Carlos Oppus. "Design of autonomous sensor nodes for remote soil monitoring in tropical banana plantation." In Fifth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2017), edited by Giorgos Papadavid, Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis, Silas Michaelides, Vincent Ambrosia, Kyriacos Themistocleous, and Gunter Schreier. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2279132.

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Wang, Chenli, Zheng Niu, Xiaoping Gu, Zhixing Guo, and Pifu Cong. "Tropical forest plantation biomass estimation using RADARSAT-SAR and TM data of south china." In MIPPR 2005 SAR and Multispectral Image Processing, edited by Liangpei Zhang, Jianqing Zhang, and Mingsheng Liao. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.654974.

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Kobayashi, Shoko, Yoshiharu Omura, Kazadi Sanga-Ngoie, Yoshio Yamaguchi, Ragil Widyorini, Bambang Supriadi, and Shuichi Kawai. "Forest growth monitoring of tropical acacia plantation by multi-year ALOS/PALSAR polarimetric data." In 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursigass.2014.6929693.

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Telleng, Malcky M., Veybe G. Kereh, and Wilhelmina B. Kaunang. "Evaluation Based Nutrient Content of Intercropping Indigofera zollingeriana with Pennisetum purpureum under Coconut Plantation." In International Conference on Improving Tropical Animal Production for Food Security (ITAPS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220309.055.

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Gafur, Abdul. "Development of Biocontrol Agents to Manage Major Diseases of Tropical Plantation Forests in Indonesia: A Review." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests — Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Interdisciplinarity. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecf2020-07907.

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Sarminah, Sri, Karyati, T. Hartono, and F. Afandi. "Implementation of Land Rehabilitation to Reduce Soil Erosion and Surface Runoff by Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) and Jabon (Antocephalus cadamba) Plantation." In International Conference on Tropical Agrifood, Feed and Fuel (ICTAFF 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220102.037.

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Kwatrina, Rozza Tri, Yanto Santosa, M. Bismark, and Nyoto Santoso. "Tropical plant diversity of Borneo: The role of high conservation value area on species conservation in an oil palm plantation." In THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GLOBAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION (ICGRC) AND AJI FROM RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5061882.

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