Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tropical river ecosystems

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Academic literature on the topic 'Tropical river ecosystems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tropical river ecosystems"

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Hairan, Mohammad Haroon, Nor Rohaizah Jamil, Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai, Ley Juen Looi, and Moriken Camara. "Environmental Flow Assessment of a Tropical River System Using Hydrological Index Methods." Water 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2021): 2477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182477.

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Tropical rivers and wetlands are recognized as one of the greatest and most abundant ecosystems in terms of ecological and social benefits. However, climate change, damming, overfishing, water pollution, and the introduction of exotic species threaten these ecosystems, which puts about 65% of river flow and aquatic ecosystems under a moderate to high level of threat. This paper aims to assess the environmental flow of the Selangor River based on the hydrological index method using the Global Environmental Flow Calculator (GEFC) and Indicators of Hydrological Alterations (IHA) software. The daily flow data collected by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), Malaysia, over a 60-year period (1960–2020) was used in this study to assess the Selangor River flow alterations. As per the results, the river flow has had two distinct periods over the last 60 years. In the first period, the river flows without any alteration and has a natural flow with high flood pulses and low flow pulses. While in the second, or post-impact, period, the flow of the river has a steady condition throughout the year with very little fluctuations between the dry and wet seasons of the year. From the overall comparison of the pre- and post-impact periods, it can be concluded that the minimum flow in the dry seasons of the year has increased, while the maximum flow has decreased in the monsoon seasons during the post-impact period. As a result, the Flow Duration Curve (FDC) and Environmental Management Class (EMC) analysis of the river flow recommends that the Selangor River be managed under EMC “C” to provide sufficient water for both human use and ecosystem conservation, which would also help to avoid a water level drop in the reservoirs. However, further holistic studies are suggested for a detailed analysis of the effects of the dams on aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Selangor River Basin.
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Huang, Jr-Chuan, and Tsung-Yu Lee. "Hydrological Impact of Typhoon on Rivers." Water 13, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13081009.

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Rivers link terrestrial and marine ecosystems, not only transporting numerous substances downstream but also shaping landscapes and fostering aquatic ecosystems through physical interactions and biogeochemical processes with numerous agents. On the other hand, hydraulic facilities, such as reservoirs, hydropower plants, and banks are deployed to utilize water resources for sustaining human society. In the river network systems, rainstorms, as episodic/periodic strong triggers, can induce mass wasting from hillslopes, accelerating nutrient transport, which causes sequential effects. In recent decades, global warming has been accelerating water cycling via thermodynamics, and thus, the frequency and intensity of extreme rainstorms are increasing in intensity. In the West Pacific, typhoons (alias tropical cyclones in Asia) characterized by strong wind and torrential rainfall are evidenced to be getting stronger. The intensified typhoons inevitably stimulate the response of river systems through sediment and nutrient transport and threaten the safe operation of the hydraulic facilities and even coastal communities through storm surge flooding. These strong impacts on river systems should be comprehensively explored. This issue aims to improve the understanding of typhoon effects in river systems. Inter- and cross-disciplinary studies on different watershed scales, linking ecosystem services and watershed management, are particularly addressed.
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de Necker, Lizaan, Tinyiko Neswiswi, Richard Greenfield, Johan van Vuren, Luc Brendonck, Victor Wepener, and Nico Smit. "Long-Term Water Quality Patterns of a Flow Regulated Tropical Lowland River." Water 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010037.

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Floodplain ecosystems in Africa are under threat due to direct anthropogenic pressure and climate change. The lower Phongolo River and associated floodplain is South Africa’s largest inland floodplain ecosystem and has been regulated by the Pongolapoort Dam since the 1970s. The last controlled flood release from the dam occurred in December 2014, after which a severe drought occurred and only a base flow was released. The central aims of this study were to determine the historic and present water quality state of the middle and lower Phongolo River and assess the possible effects of the most recent drought may have had. Historic water quality data (1970s to present) were obtained from monitoring stations within the Phongolo River catchment to assess the long-term water quality patterns. Using multivariate statistical analyses as well as the Physicochemical Driver Assessment Index (PAI), a water quality index developed for South African riverine ecosystems, various in situ and chemical water variables were analysed. Key findings included that the water quality of the middle and lower Phongolo River has degraded since the 1970s, due to increased salinity and nutrient inputs from surrounding irrigation schemes. The Pongolapoort Dam appears to be trapping nutrient-rich sediments leading to nutrient-depleted water entering the lower Phongolo River. The nutrient levels increase again as the river flows through the downstream floodplain through input from nutrient rich soils and fertilizers. The drought did not have any significant effect on water quality as the PAI remained similar to pre-drought conditions.
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Goulart, Michael, and Marcos Callisto. "Mayfly diversity in the brazilian tropical headwaters of Serra do Cipó." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48, no. 6 (November 2005): 983–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132005000800015.

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate spatial and seasonal distribution, assemblage structure and substrate associations of mayfly nymphs in five lotic ecosystems in the headwaters of the Doce River and São Francisco River watersheds, Brazil. Samples were taken in 24 sampling stations during rainy and dry seasons in 1998. In total, 7,066 organisms were collected, belonging to 27 genera and 6 families of Ephemeroptera. The dominant taxa were Americabaetis, Paracloeodes, Leptohyphes and Hagenulus. During the rainy period, the São Francisco River watershed showed higher taxonomic richness, diversity and evenness, while in the dry period, the taxonomic richness was higher in Doce River watershed. No significant differences were found in the taxonomic richness, diversity, evenness and density of mayfly assemblages between the two studied sampling periods. The results suggested that the diversity of the mayfly assemblages in tropical headwaters of Serra do Cipó would be probably due to ecosystem and watershed characteristics.
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Day, J. W., A. L. Lara Dominguez, J. Herrera-Silveira, and G. Paul Kemp. "Climate Change in Areas of the Gulf of Mexico With High Freshwater Input – A Review of Impacts and Potential Mitigation." JAINA Costas y Mares ante el Cambio Climático 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.26359/52462.0619.

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The Gulf of Mexico currently spans the transition from tropical to temperate coastal ecosystems but this is changing as the northern Gulf undergoes tropicalization and the entire Gulf will become tropical in this century. The objective of this paper was to review information on climate change impacts on coastal ecosystems with high freshwater input for the Gulf of Mexico and review mitigation measures for dealing with climate change. There are two high freshwater discharge areas, one surrounding the Mississippi River in the north central Gulf and one in the southern Gulf, which is associated with the Grijalva-Usumacinta River and adjacent rivers and ground water discharge from the Yucatan Peninsula. Both of these areas are characterized by extensive coastal wetlands, and in the southern Gulf, submerged aquatic vegetation. These coastal ecosystems support important natural resources, have high petroleum production, and important maritime trade. Climate change will impact both of these areas strongly. Sea level is projected to increase by a meter or more by 2100 and there will be more strong hurricanes that will be larger, have more intense rainfall, will move slower, and the rate of intensification will increase. In the north, peak Mississippi River discharge is projected to increase by 10 to 60%. In the southern Gulf, it is projected that precipitation and freshwater discharge will decrease associated with the Mesoamerican climate hotspot. Coastal management to accommodate climate change should mimic ecosystem functioning. Specific actions include protection of natural areas, full use of freshwater and sediment resources, maintain con-nections between freshwater input and coastal systems, allow inland migration of coastal wetlands, and careful management of land use changes. Keywords: Gulf of Mexico, climate change impacts, coastal ecossytems.
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Howley, C., M. Devlin, and M. Burford. "Assessment of water quality from the Normanby River catchment to coastal flood plumes on the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 6 (2018): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17009.

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Understanding the flux and fate of nutrients and sediments from rivers is of global importance because of the effects of these materials on coastal ecosystems. The present study followed three flood events from upper tributaries of the Normanby River to Princess Charlotte Bay in the northern Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon, Australia. During each event, nutrients and suspended sediment concentrations were measured along a freshwater to marine transect. The upper catchment provided the majority of suspended sediments and nutrients supplied to the river system, although concentrations of most materials decreased by 52–85% between the upper catchment and estuary. As an exception, ammonium concentrations doubled within the estuary, indicating that undisturbed coastal ecosystems can provide a significant source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to tropical river flood plumes. The dissolved nutrients in floodwaters stimulated phytoplankton blooms that inundated seagrass meadows and coral reefs. Northern GBR marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change and catchment development. The results of this study show that increased anthropogenic loads of nutrients and sediments from the upper Normanby catchment have the potential to affect the condition of marine ecosystems at Princess Charlotte Bay.
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Bruijnzeel, L. A. "Nutrient input–output budgets of tropical forest ecosystems: a review." Journal of Tropical Ecology 7, no. 1 (February 1991): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400005010.

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ABSTRACTAtmospheric gains and hydrologic losses of calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen for 25 tropical forest sites on a variety of geological substrates are reviewed. The data set comprised 19 lowland and six montane sites. Twenty studies were subjected to further analysis after initial quality control. These were subdivided into forests on (1) very infertile soils (N = 5), (2) (moderately) infertile soils (N = 5), (3) moderately fertile soils (N = 4) and (4) fertile soils (N = 4). Two studies pertaining to large river basins were treated separately. Although variation in nutrient fluxes was large, reflecting both natural and methodological factors, scatter plots of annual calcium, magnesium and potassium losses v. annual runoff for small catchment areas revealed four groups with characteristic nutrient export patterns that corresponded closely with soil fertility levels. Element losses from the two large basins were much higher than those recorded for small basins in the same areas and were interpreted in terms of depths of weathering front, river incision and root network. Phosphorus accumulated in virtually all cases, reflecting the low mobility of the element. Nitrogen budgets were generally very incomplete. There is a need for more and careful studies of tropical forest nutrient budgets, especially for nitrogen. Standardization of methodology is essential if comparability of results is to be improved.
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Brodie, Jon E., and Alan W. Mitchell. "Nutrients in Australian tropical rivers: changes with agricultural development and implications for receiving environments." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 3 (2005): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04081.

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In tropical Australia, intensive studies of river suspended sediment (SS) and nutrient dynamics have been restricted to streams on the north-east coast between the Fitzroy and Normanby Rivers (Queensland), Magela Creek/East Alligator River (Northern Territory) and the Ord River (Western Australia). Historical conditions in these rivers were probably characterised by low–moderate SS concentrations and low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in flow events. Introduction of agriculture has transformed SS and nutrient dynamics. Grazing has led to soil erosion and increased SS and particulate nutrient concentrations and fluxes in event flows. Fertilised cropping has increased nutrient inputs to catchments, where it forms a substantial proportion of the catchment area. Consequently, both particulate and dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations and fluxes have increased. Australian tropical rivers have episodic flows, with most material transport occurring during large flow events. The restricted period of these highly energetic flows means little trapping of materials in waterways occurs. Loads are transported efficiently downstream and processes such as denitrification and in-channel sedimentation may be of limited importance. Owing to excessive nutrient inputs associated with agriculture, a number of northern freshwater, estuarine and coastal ecosystems are now eutrophic. Continued development, especially fertilised cropping, without adequate management of nutrient losses is likely to exacerbate these problems.
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Ahmad, A. K., A. Hafizah, and S. O. Sharifah Aisyah. "Chironomidae (Order: Diptera) diversity in relation to water quality of highland rivers at Cameron Highlands, Malaysia." Journal of Environmental Biology 42, no. 3(SI) (May 31, 2021): 824–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/42/3(si)/jeb-14.

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Aim: This study aims to determine Chironomidae diversity and distribution in three small rivers at Cameron Highlands in relation to their response to water quality conditions. Methodology: Fifteen sites from three rivers (Palas River, Pauh River and Bertam River) were chosen for water quality measurements and Chironomidae sampling. Water quality was analysed following APHA standard methods and chironomid was identified to genus level. The rivers were classified based on Malaysian’s Water Quality Index (WQI) and macroinvertebrates diversity and distribution was analysed using diversity indices. Comparison between sites and river was undertaken using one-way ANOVA and chironomid appearance in relation to water quality was evaluated using Pearson correlation test. Results: Chironomidae (Order: Diptera) distribution at high altitude rivers in Malaysia is not well documented although this group of insect has a wide range of distribution in tropical region. Based on Malaysian water quality index (WQI), result shows all rivers were in Class I. Although still in Class I, Bertam River has slight lower water quality due to higher ammoniacal nitrogen and total suspended solids. The diversity indices also demonstrate that Bertam Rivers was in stress conditions, and other two were in moderate conditions. Three subfamilies (Chironominae, Orthocladiinae and Tanypodinae) were recorded, which comprises of 1963 individuals. Tvetenia (Subfamily: Orthocladiinae) was the most dominant but only dominated Palas River and Pauh River. Another genus from Orthocladiinae (Crocotopus and Rheocrocotopus) also recorded dominant only in Palas River and Pauh River, but lesser in Bertam River. Only Polypedilum (Subfamily: Chironominae) which was second highest recorded, dominated in all rivers, even highest in Bertam River. Amongst dominant genus, only Polypedilum was found dominant in all rivers, others were only dominating Palas River and Pauh River only. Interpretation: This findings exhibit wide range of adaptations and potential use of Polypedilum as biological indicator. Due to availability of incomplete keys, identification to species level cannot be undertaken. However, this study reveals thirteen different sub-group of Polypedilum based mouthpart organs, which represent different species for tropical ecosystems.
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Costa, Davi Freire da, and Ênio Wocyli Dantas. "Diversity of phytoplankton community in different urban aquatic ecosystems in metropolitan João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, Brazil." Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 23, no. 4 (June 14, 2012): 394–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x2012005000018.

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AIM: The aim of the present study was to identify which environmental factors affect the seasonal phytoplankton structure in different types of tropical aquatic ecosystems. Phytoplankton sampling was performed bi-monthly from August 2009 to June 2110 at three sites in the Solon de Lucena Lake, Jaguaribe River and Águas Minerais reservoir. METHODS: The environmental variables were water temperature, transparency, depth, degree of infestation of aquatic macrophytes, air temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and precipitation. The phytoplankton community was studied in terms of richness, density, diversity and evenness. The data were treated with analysis of variance and canonical correspondence analysis. RESULTS: Spatial variations in the data only occurred between ecosystems (p < 0.05). The reservoir and river exhibited typical phytoplankton of lotic environments, with a greater richness of Bacillariophyta (52.8% and 47.8%, respectively). The lake exhibited the typical richness lentic environments, with the greatest contribution from Chlorophyta (52.8%). This ecosystem was characterized by an absence of macrophytes, a low degree of water transparency (0.3 ± 0 m) and high algal density (89,903 ± 38,542 ind. mL-1), with a dominance of Aphanocapsa nubilum. In the river environment, the lesser diversity (0.64 ± 0.24 bit.ind-1 ) was associated to lesser richness (2.4 ± 0.5 spp.) and lesser evenness (0.39 ± 0.19) in comparison to the other ecosystems. The influence of macrophytes in the river and reservoir contributed toward the introduction of metaphytes and epiphytes in the phytoplankton, which was explained by the direct relationship between the density of these species and macrophytes. CONCLUSION: Thus, water transparency and macrophytes were the main factors related to fluctuations between the different aquatic ecosystems studied.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tropical river ecosystems"

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Mustow, Stephen Eric. "Aquatic macroinvertebrates and environmental quality in rivers in Northern Thailand." Thesis, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266399.

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Treviño, Jessica Marie. "Effects of Macrophyte Functional Diversity on Taxonomic and Functional Diversity and Stability of Tropical Floodplain Fish Assemblages." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804900/.

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Multiple dimensions of biodiversity within and across producer and consumer guilds in the food web affect an ecosystem’s functionality and stability. Tropical and subtropical aquatic ecosystems, which are extremely diverse, have received much less attention than terrestrial ecosystems in regards to the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. We conducted a field experiment that tested for effects of macrophyte functional diversity on diversity and stability of associated fish assemblages in floodplain lakes of the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Three levels of macrophyte functional diversity were maintained through time in five floodplain lakes and response variables included various components of fish taxonomic and functional diversity and stability. Components of functional diversity of fish assemblages were quantified using a suite of ecomorphological traits that relate to foraging and habitat use. Response variables primarily distinguished macrophyte treatments from the control. Macrophyte treatments had, on average, double the number of species and total abundance than the control treatment, but only limited effects on stability. The high diversity treatment was essentially nested within the low diversity for assemblage structure and had similar or even slightly lower levels of species richness and abundance in most cases. Gymnotiformes and young-of-year were diverse and relatively abundant in macrophyte treatments contributing to the large differences in diversity between macrophyte and control treatments. Higher fish diversity in structured habitats compared to more homogenous habitats is likely associated with increased ecomorphological diversity to exploit heterogeneous microhabitats and resources provided by the macrophytes.
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Gómez-Salazar, Catalina. "River dolphins as indicators of ecosystem degradation in large tropical rivers." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14446.

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Freshwater ecosystem degradation in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins is increasing due to rising human population numbers, and large water development projects. Therefore, monitoring ecosystem condition in these rivers of high biodiversity is of global conservation importance. This dissertation evaluated the potential of using river dolphins as indicators of ecosystem condition in large tropical rivers of South America. First, population estimates of river dolphins were obtained by line-strip transect surveys and mark-recapture methods on photo-identifications. Using this information, I identified critical habitat, hotspots, and areas of concern for river dolphins, as well as the relationship between dolphin density and group size estimates with ecological features. Second, I evaluated the relationship between dolphin estimates and human stressors. Higher densities of dolphins occurred in rivers with low indices of overall freshwater degradation, such as rivers with high water quality and the lowest human population numbers. Thus, dolphin density estimates seem to be good indicators of freshwater ecosystem degradation in the Amazon and Orinoco basins. These top predators not only are indicator species, but also have the potential to act as flagship and sentinel species, indicating freshwater ecosystem degradation and stimulating conservation action. This dissertation highlights the large changes in the Amazon and Orinoco that are approaching fast. Indicator, flagship and sentinel species can become science-based conservation tools not to only document freshwater ecosystem degradation, but to raise awareness about broader implications of human stressors on biodiversity and river systems.
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Books on the topic "Tropical river ecosystems"

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Masese, Frank Onderi. Dynamics in Organic Matter Processing, Ecosystem Metabolism and Tropic Sources for Consumers in the Mara River, Kenya. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tropical river ecosystems"

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Haraguchi, Akira. "Discharged Sulfuric Acid from Peatland to River System." In Tropical Peatland Ecosystems, 297–311. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55681-7_19.

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Gurumurthy, G. P., and M. Tripti. "Geochemical Perspectives on River Water of the Tropical Basins, Southwestern India." In Environmental Management of River Basin Ecosystems, 329–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13425-3_16.

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Hamilton, Stephen K. "Biogeochemical implications of climate change for tropical rivers and floodplains." In Global Change and River Ecosystems—Implications for Structure, Function and Ecosystem Services, 19–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0608-8_3.

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Sarkar, Priyanka, and Tapati Das. "Role of Tropical Floodplain Wetlands in Carbon Sequestration: A Case Study from Barak River Basin of Assam, Northeast India." In Nature-based Solutions for Resilient Ecosystems and Societies, 365–90. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4712-6_21.

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da Silva, A. Jorge. "River Runoff and Shrimp Abundance in a Tropical Coastal Ecosystem — the Example of the Sofala Bank (Central Mozambique)." In The Role of Freshwater Outflow in Coastal Marine Ecosystems, 329–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70886-2_24.

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Milton, David A. "Living in Two Worlds: Diadromous Fishes, and Factors Affecting Population Connectivity Between Tropical Rivers and Coasts." In Ecological Connectivity among Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, 325–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2406-0_9.

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"Pesticide residues in river systems." In Pesticide Residues in Coastal Tropical Ecosystems, 120–27. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203165584-15.

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"14. The Effects of Logging on Tropical River Ecosystems." In The Cutting Edge, 305–26. Columbia University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/fimb11454-018.

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Drori, Ron, Naama Berg, and Avi Perevolotsky. "Monitoring the State of Nature in Israel." In Stepping in the Same River Twice. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300209549.003.0007.

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This chapter presents a case study of the Israeli National Biodiversity Monitoring Program (IBM) that encompasses a diverse set of ecosystems. Israel is located at a crossroads of Africa, Asia, and Europe. It sits at the southeastern tip of the Mediterranean ecosystem, bordering the vast Saharo-Arabian desert belt to its south and connected via the Rift Valley to the heights of Southeast Asia and the dry tropical ecosystems of East Africa. This combination of geography and ecology provides habitats for a remarkably high number of species, but the high densities of Israel's population and its rapid development, intensive land use, and climatic change threaten this biodiversity. A key component of a strategy to conserve biodiversity is a monitoring program that can identify the current state and trends—stable, declining, or thriving—of biodiversity in a country. The case study discusses the goals and implementation of the IBM, with particular attention to the challenges of replication and repeatability in this long-term monitoring program.
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Kohlmann, Bert, Alejandra Arroyo, Monika Springer, and Danny Vásquez. "Agrorural Ecosystem Effects on the Macroinvertebrate Assemblages of a Tropical River." In Biodiversity in Ecosystems - Linking Structure and Function. InTech, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/59073.

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