Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Troubles généralisés du développement de l'enfant'
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Barua, Uttam Kumar. "Les problèmes diagnostiques de l'autisme : étude sur une cohorte de 362 enfants autistes." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES3202.
Full textThe pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) as conceptualized in the lCD-10, CFTMEA and DSM-IV are deeply unsatisfying to clinicians, academic researchers and same to parents. There are major problems with the past and current classification systems of the PDDs, based on categories, which to a large extent overlap with each other. No objective measures have been found to test the validity of the diagnostic categories used in the existing classification systems. Our research study on a cohort of 362 autistic children has shown a great discordance between Pie two classification systems such as the CFTMEA and the ICD-1O-DCR which arises the question of the pertinence and the validity of the categorical diagnostic system. We plead for the multidimensional approach to classification which could allow overcoming some of the inconvenient and limitations of the categorical systems. As the multidimensional approach to classification is much more in line with clinical reality than is any categorical system, it is practical to make s multidimensional diagnostic formulation, moreover the etiology is not yet found, so the principal preoccupation is clinical
Fouchères, Fabrice. "Evaluation et troubles du développement de l'enfant." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11085.
Full textRaysse, Pierre. "Troubles du développement de l'enfant et qualité de vie familiale." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30068.
Full textParents are the main child support during development and have to cope with the developmental disorders of their child over the years. Most of them reported high levels of burden following their child’s diagnosis. The subjective, multidimensional concept of quality of life (Qol) could be operative to apprehend how the domains of parental life which have been impaired may decrease the parents' abilities to cope with the main needs of their child. However the widespread use of the Qol concept contrasts with the lack of validated tools and studies about this issue. Our aim was to validate the Par-DD-qol, a French questionnaire devised in order to assess the impairments of parental quality of life.The 17 item self rated questionnaire was completed by 590 parents of 349 children with developmental disorders (autistic and non autistic). An additional approach of the cross-diagnostic validity was made with 304 parents of children without developmental disorders and hospitalized in paediatrics. Three scores were identified: emotional score, adaptative score and global score. The main psychometric features are presented. This short questionnaire has good psychometric qualities and could be helpful in routine clinical care. It is not specific and could allow comparative studies..The study of the content validity, the responsiveness and cross-diagnostic validity needs further development. Methodological and therapeutic issues, implications for improvement of family support are discussed
Medjkane, François. "Position autistique, position psychotique : pour une perspective psychopatologique des troubles envahissants du développement de l'enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC087/document.
Full textFrom clinical experience of psychiatry practice in a French department for mental health, this work is focused on defining psychopathological specificities which are encountered in children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) from described in ICD 10.A literature review from a historical and comprehensive perspective has allowed us to generate a research hypothesis. The autistic position would be correlated with autistic PDD and the psychotic position would be correlated with non-autistic PDD.For this project, we implemented a retrospective study based on a clinical population of children who have been evaluated with standard multidisciplinary assessments, done in the Nord-Pas de Calais’s Centre Resource Autisme.Through different observations, we could support the hypothesis that there is a difference between autistic PDD children and non-autistic PDD children in their affective and emotional relationship with the World.Thanks to this description of psychopathological particularities, this study takes us a step closer to offering each child with PDD the best individual support possible
Makanga, Jean Bernard. "Développement et prématurité de l'enfant gabonais issu de milieu rural : Cas des enfants Punu et Fang âgés de 3 à 24 mois. Etude comparative." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL357.
Full textAdrien, Jean-Louis. "Autisme de l'enfant : troubles de la régulation de l'activité et du développement cognitif et social." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H085.
Full textInfantile autism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by disturbances concerning not only socialization and communication domains ("aloneness") but also abilities to modify and charge one's behavior ("need for sameness"). A few recent words, examining these two main signs from a neuropsychological point of view, have emphasized deficiencies in cognitive flexibility. Our hypothesis is that a specific and baseic dysfunctioning in the ability to regulate activity might explain these specific developmental disorders. In study, we examined 61 autistic and developmentally delayed children. The regulation of activity was rated with the adaptation, modulation regulation scale (a. M. R. ) which explored some abnormalities concerning the initiation, maintenance and completion of action sequences exhibited by children during various tasks. Psychlogical development assessment was performed with the infant and child developmental inventory (i. C. D. I). Three sub-groups of children determined from statistic analysis were defined by the intensity of regulation disorders and the nature of developmental heterogeneity. Only, some autistic children were characterized by a severe dysregulation, a sensori moteur development heterogeneity and deficiences of mentalization, flexibility and emotional transaction
Mallau, Sophie. "Orientation posturale et stratégies d'équilibre : développement et adaptation chez l'enfant et l'adolescent porteurs d'anomalies de torsion du squelette." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOMU12.
Full textThis work studies the consequences of local musculo-skeletal abnormalities in children and adolescents, from a double perspective of postural control which dissociates the functions of orientation and stabilisation. Stabilisation, orientation and sensory integration have been studied using locomotors tasks and a paradigm of slow oscillations of a support. Whatever the level of torsion considered (lower part of the body or the spine), the results show that the pelvis stabilisation on space is preserved, while the head stabilisation is affected. Furthermore, sensory integration progresses according to gradual and linear processes, particularly slow to mature. The conclusion is that during ontogenesis, postural adaptations benefit from the redundancy of a system in construction which allows the existence of local musculo-skeletal abnormalities without challenging the functional principles of the construction of spatial reference frames and without defeating the posturo-kinetic performances
Leunen, Dorothée. "Etude du développement de la mémoire sémantique chez l’enfant sain et de l’impact d’une atteinte hippocampique uni ou bilatérale." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H126.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to improve our knowledge on the semantic memory functioning during childhood and adolescence. For this, two research topics are suggested: (1) the evaluation and the study of the normal development of semantic memory; (2) its dysfunction in the presence of a unilateral or bilateral hippocampal lesions. Our first research focuses on the creation of eleven original tests of verbal and nonverbal semantic memory. Their validation with 193 healthy children aged 9 to 16 years indicates a considerable influence of the age and the grade level on the development of semantic memory. However, all areas of semantic knowledge do not follow the same developmental trajectories. Our second study, involving the assessment of 27 young patients undergoing surgery for temporal or frontal epilepsy, shows that some semantic knowledge could be dysfunctional during development. In particular, the temporal surgery seems to cause a specific impairment of semantic memory, indicating a significant involvement of temporal structures in the acquisition of semantic knowledge. Our third study focuses on childhood permanent amnesic syndromes by providing two cases studies. Using our assessment battery, we demonstrate that disorders of semantic memory could coexist with those traditionally identified in episodic memory
Gervais-Comte, Isabelle. "Intelligence sociale chez l'enfant présentant des troubles sévères du langage et de la communication : étude au moyen d'une échelle d'évaluation clinique." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE29002.
Full textPerformances in social abilities of everyday life were studied in children with specific language impairment or POO (pervasive developmental disorders). Comparison was made with normal children, children with intellectual deficiencies and dyslexic children. Language abilities and social cognition abilities, development of theory of mind being likely to go along with the development of language The second objective is to establish normative values for the EASE scale. Hence, 327 normal children of various age were tested. Results show a significant effect of age on mentalisation development and results confirm that this ability is acquired between 3 and 5 years old. Normative values have been thus established. This study may allow to propose the EASE scale as a tool to help diagnose, in particular to help make different/al diagnosis of pathologies leading to troubles of language and personality in young children, such as "POO" (atypic autism among others) and "SLI". To have clinical tools which enable to make a diagnosis in younger children. The EASE scale therefore presents greatest importance
Baghdadli, Amaria. "Étude des facteurs de variabilité des troubles autistiques de l'enfant : vers une identification de facteurs pronostiques de l'autisme." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON1T009.
Full textGaudet, Isabelle. "Étude exploratoire de l'efficacité de bouchons auriculaires sur l'attention et les comportements d'enfants présentant un trouble envahissant du développement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25452/25452.pdf.
Full textGharbi, Abdelhamid. "Les helminthiases intestinales et leur incidence sur le développement staturo-pondéral et la scolarité des enfants de la région du cap-bon." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON13502.
Full textBoukhalfa, Naïma. "Les troubles dépressifs pendant la grossesse et leurs impacts possibles sur le développement de l'enfant : approches psychodynamique et neuroscientifique." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070047.
Full textThe relationship between child psychiatry, general psychiatry and the perinatal network of the Val d'Oise has allowed the realization of a study about the specificities of antenatal depression and its potentiel impact on the development of the child to corne, taking into account a poly factorial context. This study included 439 pregnant women, and secondarily their baby. It objectified actual clinical psychopathological, neuro scientific, therapeutical and classificatory characteristics of prenatal depression. It emphasized the relevance of antenatal detection and following in the evolutionary perspective. It led to the development of a self-administered questionnaire as a screening tool for depression during pregnancy. The exhaustiveness of the number of dyads / triads included, and the diachronic of the following from pregnancy to the end of the first year of the child, have identified certain factors which intersect at the time of a disturbance of the baby development. In this case, it concerns the impact of early emotional relationship on affective, cognitive and cerebral development. This study specificity is the both psychodynamic and neuroscientificic integrative approach
Arp, Sandrine. "Le subitizing chez l'enfant IMC : approche différentielle et développementale." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H007.
Full textThe factors likely to influence the emergence and the development of subitizing were analyzed, by testing a group of cerebral palsied (CP) children. The first study evaluates the CP children's subitizing limit, and its link with motor ability implied in the counting process. The second study compares subitizing, pattern recognition, and visuo-spatial abilities. Finally, a third study examines the effect of reversing the figure/background on subitizing limit. Most CP children have a lower subitizing limit than control children of the same age. However, subitizing limit improves with age in both groups, whatever the reversing of figure/background. CP children's subitizing limit appears to be delayed by visuo-spatial deficiency. It is likely that this deficiency does not allow a normal recognizing and memorizing of visual patterns. These results are congruent with the pattern recognition models of subitizing, and suggest that visuo-spatial routines are necessary to memorize these patterns
Peyre, Hugo. "Épidémiologie du développement cognitif de l'enfant pendant la période préscolaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066617/document.
Full textIn this Thesis, we studied the cognitive development of children during the preschool period in a French longitudinal cohort: the EDEN prospective mother-child cohort (N = 2002). In the framework of cognitive epidemiology, we attempted to answer a variety of issues whose common denominator is the study of the sources of inter-individual variability. First, we identified the factors that predict change in language skills in a large sample of children between 2 and 3 years of age. Secondly, we determined whether early predictors of cognitive development affect some cognitive functions more than others. Thirdly, we examined the relationships between children’s language skills and symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention between 3 and 5.5 years. Fourthly, we determined whether high intelligence is associated with emotional, behavioral and social difficulties during the preschool period. Finally, we determined whether the developmental milestones at 4, 8, 12 and months predict children’s IQ at 5.5 years
Hodgson, Catherine. "Associations entre les difficultés langagières à l'enfance et le développement relationnel à l'adolescence." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69619.
Full textBruneau-Bhérer, Rosée. "Le développement de la cognition sociale chez les enfants et ses liens avec le fonctionnement social dans les troubles du spectre de l'autisme." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24160.
Full textScheidnes, Maureen. "L'acquisition du français L2 chez l'enfant : développement typique versus atypique." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2021/document.
Full textResearch on children acquiring a second language (L2 children) and children with SLI has revealed similarities in their morphosyntactic performance. This study seeks to better understand how children acquire an L2 in order to distinguish typical from atypical L2 acquisition. A longitudinal study of clausal embedding and error rates was made based on spontaneous language samples of 22 English-speaking children (aged 6;9-12;7) acquiring French as an L2 and 19 monolingual French-speaking children with SLI (aged 6;5-12;11). The results revealed that L2 children used clausal embedding more often than the children with SLI, but the SLI and L2 had similar error rates. Analyses of the frequency of embedding and errors revealed correlations that were positive in the L2 group and negative in the SLI. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for the identification of SLI in L2 children
Avril-Brintet, Isabelle. "Constitution et expansion de la masse endocrine pancréatique chez le rat : implication des hormones lactogéniques." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA11T061.
Full textThis work was undertaken to characterize the role of lactogenic hormones on the development and expansion of beta-cell mass. As a model of beta-cell mass expansion we chose pregnancy, which is under the positive control of lactogenic hormones. Improved lactogenic activity leads to increased proliferation at day 12 of pregnancy. As a consequence, beta-cell mass is doubled at the end of pregnancy, and these adaptations are preferentially located in the head of the pancreas. Female rats that have been malnourished during their perinatal life are unable to adapt their beta-cell mass to pregnancy. Although lactogenic activity is enhanced compared to control females, altered proliferation is responsible for this impaired adaptation to pregnancy. Interestingly, these alterations are exclusively located in the head part of the pancreas. Fetuses issued from these females show fewer PDX-1 positive cells number at embryonic day 14, leading to a decreased beta and alpha cell fraction, later at E20, indicating that the alterations induced by malnutrition in the first generation could be transmittable to the next generation. The developmental role of lactogenic hormones was studied using an animal model lacking the ability to transduce lactogenic signals: the prolactin receptor knockout mice. The influence of lactogenic hormones was demonstrated by the reduction of beta-cell mass in young and adult transgenic mice. This alteration was associated with decreased islet number per cm2 at both ages and similarly in male and female mice, suggesting a role of lactogenic stimuli on neogenesis. In addition, the establishment of normal islet size is delayed and metabolic disorders were observed throughout life in mice lacking lactogenic stimuli. All together this work specifies, in vivo, the role of lactogenic hormones on beta-cell mass expansion in adults. It also suggests a new role for lactogenic hormones during beta-cell mass establishment, particularly on islet formation (neogenesis)
Chaminaud, Stéphanie. "Développement de la compréhension du langage non littéral de 4 ans à l'âge adulte : aspects pragmatiques et métapragmatiques." Poitiers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008POIT5003.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to study the comprehension and the metapragmatic knowledge of three forms of nonliteral language (indirect requests / hints, idioms and conversational implicatures) in same participants. The comprehension is evaluated with a paradigm which exhibits the characteristics of natural language-production situations and meets the methodological requirements of experimental method. The results show that the context drives the understanding at different ages according to the nonliteral language forms, that there is an acquisition order of nonliteral language forms and that metapragmatic knowledge also depends of language domain to be acquired. Moreover, we show that the comprehension of phonologic-syntactic language-impaired children is relatively preserved. In conclusion, nonliteral language should not be studied as a category acquired at a given age
Petitclerc, Amélie. "Mépris des règles chez les jeunes enfants : trajectoires de développement, facteurs de risque précoces et étiologie génétique-environnementale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25919/25919.pdf.
Full textMinor-Corriveau, Michèle. "Étude normative sur le développement de la parole et du langage chez l'enfant franco-ontarien : normalisation et validation du Profil de la langue, du langage et de la parole (PLLP)." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2013. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2066.
Full textRechtman, Elza. "Cognition sociale et cerveau social dans les troubles du développement de l’enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB005/document.
Full textAutism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by abnormal social interactions. Eye-tracking studies have objectively reported social perception abnormalities in ASD, characterized by a decrease of gaze towards social stimuli. Brain imaging studies, using PET and SPECT methods, have revealed a decrease in cerebral blood flow (CSF) at rest in the temporal regions, particularly in the superior temporal sulcus (STS), in children with ASD. Nowadays, it is possible to measure rest CBF with MRI using arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence. In this thesis, we confirmed the decreased in rest CBF within the STS in children with ASD using MRI-ASL, which could allow its use as a biomarker in ASD. We also suggest that rest CBF could be a more relevant index for studying basic brain function in ASD. In addition, we performed a cross-sectional eye-tracking study using the same stimuli over a wide age-range and showed the impact of age on social perception in ASD and in typical development. Finally, we showed social perception abnormalities, using eye-tracking, and cortical functioning abnormalities within the STS using MRI-ASL, in children with posterior fossa arachnoid cyst. A better understanding of the social difficulties underlying this disorder could have a major impact on patient outcome
Couëtoux-Jungman, Francine. "Bilinguisme, petite enfance et parentalité : intérêt de l'évaluation et de l'élaboration du contexte linguistique et des langues adressées à l'enfant dans les difficultés précoces de développement." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H114.
Full textThe children growing in context of bilingualism or plurilingualism represent approximately a quarter of the population of the Paris area (Déprez, 2008). Early bilingualism is recognized today as a factor favorable to the development of the child whose cerebral plasticity makes it possible to integrate successively or simultaneously several linguistic systems. But bilingualism remains nevertheless perceived in a way contrasted because of its apparent Complexity. So the children growing in contact with several languages are not always encouraged in their bilingualism. Our research carries on a population of children of the Unit Early childhood and Parentality. Clinical observations will allow the formulation of assumptions concerning of the bonds between the family linguistic context and the development of the babies. Two factors are studied from a statistical point of view: impact of the maintenance of the mother tongue and that of the impact of the maintenance of the mother tongue and that of the type of bilingualism on the early interactions and the development of the child. The early communication of the parents with their baby in bilingual or multilingual context is the subject of a qualitative study. Actions of valorization and support of the family languages are presented. This research aims at knowing on the role of the context of bilingualism or plurilingualism in the quality of the early interactions of the parents with their baby and in the development of the young child. It also aims at evaluating the interest of therapeutic programs taking of account the family languages surrounding the young child in his acquisition of the language
Tauziet, Véronique. "Exposition prénatale aux substances psychoactives : impact sur le développement de l'enfant. Revue bibliographique." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23069.
Full textPlanchou, Clément. "Traitement auditifs non verbaux et troubles du développement du langage oral : perception et production musicales." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30034.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to determine whether the auditory deficit of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) is specific to verbal stimuli, and to examine the relation between language and musical abilities in these children. We tested 18 children with SLI and groups of children with Typical Language Development (TLD) aged from 7 to 12 years. In the first study, we examined syllable detection in sung and spoken sentences. Results confirmed the detection syllable deficit in children with SLI. However, we did not observe a facilitation effect of sung over spoken stimuli. In the second study, we explored musical perception abilities in the same children with the MBEMA (Peretz et al. 2013). Our results showed that a large proportion of the children with SLI present deficits in melodic and rhythmic perception. A positive correlation was found between scores in Rhythm and phonological awareness tasks, documenting a link between language and temporal processing in children with SLI. In the third study, we assessed singing abilities in children with SLI: we created a singing reproduction task and tested the pitch matching condition and the melodic reproduction condition. The SLI showed deficits for both conditions. These results suggested deficits in music perception and production in children with SLI for most of them and that development of phonological awareness abilities seems related to the auditory temporal processing in music. The findings seem to support the existence a more general auditory dysfunction in a majority of children with SLI emphasizing the relevance of systematically assessing nonverbal abilities for the diagnostic and rehabilitation of SLI
Kabuth, Bernard. "Hôpital de jour, alliance thérapeutique et évolution clinique : évaluation longitudinale de 33 familles pendant deux ans." Nancy 2, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc242/2003NAN21012_1.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation first part is an especially North-American comprehensive review about therapeutic alliance empirical studies that relate alliance to patient psychotherapy outcome. The second literature review emphasizes the ways and tools using for Pervasive Developmental and conduct disorders intermediate and long outcomes. The two-year prospective own study in a French Child Psychatry Day-Hospital assesses relationship between therapeutic alliance and clinical progress. Thirty-three 3-10 year-old children (18 with pervasive developmental disorders and 15 with mixed behaviour disorders) were assessed regarding their symptom status and development progress, while receiving multi modal intervention package. Independantly, the treatment staff assessed the therapeutic alliance with the parents by standardized ratings on the French modified Helping Alliance questionnaire from Luborsky. The statistical study shows that a parent's good therapeutic alliance correlate significantly with the social functionning improvement but not regarding the symptom status. As North-American therapeutic alliance adult's studies, this first child psychatry unit study seems to show that the parent therapeutic alliance is a predictor factor of child outcome independently of gender, age and pathological child status
Grosmaitre, Catherine. "Développement atypique du langage dans le contexte de la chirurgie de l'épilepsie chez l'enfant." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H101/document.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to improve our knowledge on the development of language in the context of epilepsy surgery. Our aims were: (1) to highlight the impacts of drug-resistant epilepsy on the development of language, (2) to specify the linguistic profile depending on epilepsy side or resection topography, (3) to emphasize the abilities of functional reorganization and its limits after epilepsy surgery. Three neuropsychological studies were conducted in 53 children who suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy or who underwent a surgery. Our results show that developmental trajectory can be modified for the long term, which states as an essential key for critical period of language development. Linguistic deficits were observed whatever the side of epilepsy was, resulting probably of atypical organization of language. However deficits were more frequent and more severe in left-side epilepsy. Language scores were correlated with behavioral adaptation. Linguistic prognosis at postsurgery seems on the average positive but two risk factors appeared: intellectual limitation at presurgery and hippocampal sclerosis. The pattern of deficits may reflect the implication of both hemispheres for lexico-semantic process and the left specialization for morphosyntactic process. In addition, different linguistic profiles were highlighted depending on the topography of resection: weaknesses in morphosyntactic skills and phonological awareness in case of frontal resection and weaknesses in lexico-semantic skills in case of temporal resection. This reflects functional specialization of language cortical areas and the limits of their reorganization in the context of epilepsy. These studies demonstrate the stakes of exhaustive assessment to highlight specific linguistic profiles that allow refining the lines of remediation and academic education of these children
Goulème, Nathalie. "Indicateurs posturaux et oculomoteurs impliquant l’intégration cérébelleuse dans les troubles neuro-développementaux." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS020.
Full textPostural control involves cerebellar integration of several sensory inputs (vestibular, visual and somesthesic). We evaluated postural control with force plateform: Techno Concept®, Multitest Framiral® and the eye movements with the Mobile e(ye)BRAIN T2® in healthy children population as well as in children with developmental disorders (autistic spectrum desorders and dyslexia). The results of our studies showed a developmental aspect of postural and oculomotor factors in healthy children and a deficit of both postural and oculomotor control in children with autistic spectrum desorders and with dyslexia. Indeed, in these children postural stability is poor and visual strategy is different with respect to healthy children. Our hypothesis is that these deficits could be due to a lack in using appropriately sensory inputs and of their integration via cerebellar activity. The importance of these studies is to better understand the involvement of cerebellar function in such developmental disorders. Our final goal is to suggest new training tecniques to use sensory inputs more efficiently in these children with developmental disorders
Sénéchal, Anne-Marie. "Déficits moteurs mineurs chez les enfants nés très prématurés âgés de 5 ans 9 mois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25214/25214.pdf.
Full textGodin, Julie. "Interventions visant à améliorer l'engagement ludique dans les interactions sociales des enfants d'âge préscolaire présentant un Trouble du Spectre Autistique (TSA) : une "scoping study"." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26129.
Full textPreschool-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience significant difficulties engaging in meaningful play. Enabling their playful engagement in social interactions, the foundation of social play, is an important objective for occupational therapists. However, little is known about which interventions promote this competency. This thesis presents the results of a conceptual clarification exercise in which several key behaviors associated with the construct of playful engagement in preschool-aged children with ASD were identified, plus the results of a scoping study which revealed a considerable number and variety of strategies as well as intervention approaches that are coherent with the promotion of playful engagement. These results provide specific guidance to occupational therapists about how to promote the meaningful social interactions of young children with ASD and provide different strategies that may be embedded by parents in their daily interactions with their children. Several directions for future research are presented.
Gomes, Valéria. "L’organisation des comportements d’attachement chez l’enfant avec des troubles spécifiques du développement du langage." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20003/document.
Full textThis study aims to characterize the linguistic and developmental profile of a population of Portuguese-speaking children with specific language impairment (SLI) and analyze, within the context of attachment theory, how the SLI child uses his mother as a secure base, compared to children without language disorders. In the other eAs a final point, we tried to study the predictive value of attachment and developmental variables in the language skills of children. The participants of our study were 83 mother-child dyads (children aged 4-5 years), divided into two groups. Through various measures of language and AQS (Waters, 1995), we found that these children: 1) present, in pre-school age, severe alterations of language, though their profiles are very heterogeneous; 2) are mostly boys, with a ratio of 3:1; 3) show a lower quality of attachment security, when compared with their peers without language alterations, as well as less attachment behaviors, such as smooth interaction, proximity and physical contact with the mother. It was also found that attachment and tobacco use, relationship with friends and family background are predictors of the linguistic difficulties of these children, as well as of language acquisition timing, explaining 7% to 21% of the variance
Moro, Anne. "Prise en charge de l'hermaphrodisme vrai chez l'enfant : à propos de vingt-neuf observations : étude clinique, biologique, radiologique, génétique, thérapeutique et résultats à long terme." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23101.
Full textKondombo-Traoré, Fatimata. "L'utilisation des indices de développement de l'échelle de Vineland entre l'enfant autiste et ses parents : entre évaluation et remaillage des liens." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR086.
Full textThe institutional practice in day hospital for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders is discussed here. The main objective focuses on a psychological intervention based on the rating with the VABS (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales) that takes into account the issues of both parents and caregivers to lead them to a better understanding of the impact of symptoms on the child and on the relationships. Double assessment of the scale on parents and on caregivers was conducted to collect their representations on the child disorder as well as their representations on his skills and his emerging potential. The function of the VABS on the mediation of the institutional follow-up of a six young people, including two girls and four boys, affected with autism spectrum disorders is illustrated. Results, which are based on the observation and analysis of sixteen protocols, point out the benefits of changing our clinical practice to a plural and integrative institutional approach, especially while tackling the assistance of parents confronted to autism spectrum disorders. Furthermore, outcomes on a group clinical experience, with seven participants composed of parents and foster families caring daily of children with ASDs, are also presented
Infante, Françoise. "Développement linguistique et particularités motrices et sensorielles chez l'enfant avec trouble du spectre autistique : utilisation des tablettes numériques." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2040.
Full textThere is currently little data on the contribution of digital technology to language development in children with ASD. A research study was conducted over the course of 24 months among 20 children aged between 6 and 16 years to evaluate the language evolution and the sensory and motor characteristics. The digital tablet offered as a weekly individual intervention had a positive effect on language development and helped improve adaptive behaviors on a daily basis. The proposal for digital workshops based on 4 digital educational curriculum following on a bottom-up model, i.e. targeting the learning of phonology to vocabulary, semantics, syntax and pragmatics, promotes the linguistic and developmental progression of children. These results support a positive correlation between a progression of language and the evolution of adaptive behaviors in everyday life and in favor of a beneficial and significant contribution of digital in the cognitive interventions for children with ASD
Amestoy, Anouck. "La perception des visages dans la population typique et les Troubles du Spectre Autistique (TSA)." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22110/document.
Full textAutism Spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive development disorders characterised by social and communication impairments co-occurring with stereotyped behaviours and restricted interests. One of the possible explanation for difficulties in social interactions and communication observed in people with ASD, is abnormalitiy in face scanning and processing. The role of exposure and experience in face processing have to be highlighted in the issue of atypical development. We first explored in two experiments, the rôle of exposure in the memory of very familiar faces. Secondly in the present work, we developped an original method to perform off-line analysis using a spatial normalization of faces and spatial statistic analysis to respond to methodological biais and to investigate face scanning and routines in exploration of various type of faces. Three studies were performed on 4 different groups. First we we investigated in two different studies, the typical and atypical developmental aspect of sensitivity to the orientation of familiar faces, refferring to « the mere exposure » hypothesis, by asking 38 typical adults, 72 typical children from 3 to 12 years old then 14 adults and 13 children with ASD to make a preference choice between standard and mirror images of themselves and of familiar faces, presented side-by-side or successively. Secondly, we proposed to 26 typical Adults, 14 typical Children, 13 high-functioning adults and 14 high-functionning children with ASD to perform an eye tracking experiment using 3 sets of 20 pictures that included neutral unknown faces, neutral familiar faces, avatar faces, robots faces and animal faces. Spatial analysis using Dirichley tessellation method was used. Only the fixations that were statistically significant (p<0.05) were taken into account. Results of the first 2 experiments suggest the occurrence of a typical developmental process in the perception of familiar face asymmetries which are retained in memory related to expérience, for typical subjects and ASD subjects. Our eye tracking experiment results show differences between the four groups for unfamiliar faces condition, suggesting developmental and pathological effects regarding the scanning strategies (sequences) and fixation time for eyes and mouth. In contrast, our results suggest a clear developmental but light pathological effect in the familiar face condition. Adults of both groups show a face scanning strategy similar to the one used in human face exploration when looking at human-like faces (avatar and robots) but not animal faces. No specific scanning pattern was found when exploring non human faces in both child groups. Our results show that adults and children use specific sequential scanning strategy for exploring human facial stimuli. This sequential analysis is present only in adults for non human face stimuli. Our results support the hypothesis that both developmental and pathological processes take place for human face scanning and human-like faces but not animals faces. Familiar faces scanning show specificity compared to unfamiliar faces. This should be taken into account to develop new assessment and training methods in the context of atypical developmental disorder
Flamand, Véronique. "Fonctionnement cérébral et coordination visuomotrice en prématurité : indicateurs cérébraux des difficultés fonctionnelles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27658/27658.pdf.
Full textBrisot-Dubois, Judith. "Troubles Envahissants du Développement Sans Déficience Intellectuelle : Facteurs Prédictifs de la reconnaissance des expressions faciales émotionnelles." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30083/document.
Full textFacial emotionanl expression recognition in Pervasive Developpemental Disorders (PDD) are atypic and contribute to social skills difficulties for children and adolescents with PDD, including without intellectual disabilities. Hypothesis: predictiv factors exist in facial emotional expression recognition in PDD. Objectives: 1) characterize the abilities of facial emotional expressions recognition of 32 children and adolescents; 2) identify risk or protective factors in the development of these abilities. Compare our results with a control group of 37 typical peers. Our study is cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical. The primary point was the number of errors in the Danva 2F, which is a validated and standardized assessment tool (basic emotional expression). Results: show that our clinical group made significantly more errors in the recognition of facial emotional expressions than what is observed in population and standardized in our control population. Risk factors of the number of errors made in the Danva are highlighted: the intensity of socio-communicative disorders present as measured by the ADOS (ORa=2,08 ; IC 95%= [1,02/4,22] ; p=0,006). Protective factors are identified, linked to a low of stereotyped and repetitive patterns score below the threshold of the area 3 of the ADI (DANVA AF: ORa=0,078 ; IC 95%= [0,007/0,883] ; p=0,02. DANVA CF: ORa: 0,05 ; IC 95%= [0,005/0,44] ; p=0,0004). Conclusion: results allow us to observe a disorder of the ability to recognize facial expressions in our clinical group and the presence of risk factors and protective factors related to it. Perspectives: use a larger sample to study clinical parameters more related to emotional processing, our clinical work emphasizes the importance of early intervention multimodal, to improve the capacity of emotional processing
Chouinard, Andrée-Anne. "La contribution de la sensibilité maternelle au développement langagier selon le temps de gestation et l'état de santé de l'enfant à la naissance." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22729.
Full textLeroy, Sandrine. "Troubles de la généralisation dans les grammaires de construction chez des enfants présentant des troubles spécifiques du langage." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100219/document.
Full textConstruction grammars argue that language structures progressively emerge thanks to the use of general cognitive processes. Theoretical hypotheses suggest that complexity and structure of morphosyntactic forms can only be explained in a constructivist perspective in which children develop their new forms by making more complex and generalizing their own prior utterances. These hypotheses have been already tested with children with typical language development (TLD) but few studies were interested in children with specific language impairment (SLI). These hypotheses give new interesting theoretical perspectives for apprehending their language disorders better. Children with SLI present a lack of syntactic productivity and a more important input dependency. These observations are compatible with the hypothesis of a lack of generalization of construction schemas. Consequently, the children’s abstraction of construction schemas would be slowed down compared to children with TLD’s abstraction. The current doctoral thesis studies the hypothesis of a lack of generalization in children with SLI by analyzing more particularly the role of analogical mapping. The results obtained are promising and in agreement with our hypothesis. If studies about the role of analogical mapping as a factor explaining the disorders in children with SLI are attractive, other considerations have still to be explored for strengthening our hypotheses
Nadeau, Line. "Prématurité et problèmes de comportement à l'âge scolaire : facteurs et processus impliqués." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0009/NQ36307.pdf.
Full textBoudjarane, Mohamed. "Etude observationnelle sur les domaines cognitifs, neurosensoriels et comportementaux de deux populations d'enfants avec des Troubles Envahissants du Développement." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0007.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to observe the potential effects of new treatment in children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders. For this, we compared two groups of children with PDD, one being treated the other constituting a control group, across domains of cognition, sensory and behaviors of daily life and socialization. We collected different tools for our methodology: parental questionnaires, psychometric assessments and psychophysical assessments. We also used a comparative approach for the sensory domain integrating a typical child development group.The results of this work highlight that whole of the evaluated behaviors did not appear altered in our population of children with PDD. We pointed out increased improvements in treated children regarding their visuospatial abilities. We also found that these children had improvements in some verbal processes. We confirmed the presence of particular patterns of sensory behavior in children with PDD compared to the typically developed population.However, we did not show any difference in evolution of these sensory alterations between our two groups of children with PDD. Finally, repeated and restricted behaviors appeared to be more alleviated in treated PDD children than control PDD children but we did not confirm the improvements in social behaviors reported by previous studies. This study has brought results that need to be scrutinized in more detail, on a larger scale
Remigereau, Chrystelle. "L'utilisation d'outil chez l'enfant : approche neuropsychologique du développement normal et du Trouble de l'Acquisition de la Coordination." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0045/document.
Full textDeficits in daily living activities are one of the diagnostic criteria of the Developmental Coordination Disorder(DCD). Despite their impact on child’s autonomy, tooluse disorders involved in these daily activities remainunder-assessed (e.g., underlying processes,interpersonal profiles, persistence disease). To ourknowledge, there is no theoretical framework of tool useformulated in a specifically developmental perspective.This concept actually remains at the crossroads between models of the perceptual-motor development and theories about cognitive processes of problem resolution in children. Recent models developed inadults with apraxia suggest that tool use is a dialectical process between a technical reasoning (i.e., abstractanalysis of technical means and ends) and sensory motorskills (i.e., managed by the representations on the mechanical transformations to be operated). According to these models, we first aim to analyze the typical development of tool use and the underlying processes.We then explore the assumption of an atypical development of tool use in children with DCD. Ourfindings provide evidence for the involvement of technical reasoning in typical development of tool use.From a clinical perspective, the analysis of tool use impairment and underlying deficits confirm the relevance of such an assessment for the validation of the diagnostic criteria of the DCD
Barakat, Bouchra. "L'évaluation des compétences langagières des enfants par leurs parents dans le développement normal et pathologique." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0048.
Full textThe objective of this work was to design a written questionnaire that examines the oral language development of normal children and children with specific language impairment depending on the evaluation of parents. In this perspective, we conducted three studies with two groups(normal children, children with specific language impairment)to study the impact of sociodemographic factors on language and to compare the language between the normal children and children with specific language impairment (SLI) and finally to conduct a study of profile. To achieve our objectives a questionnaire was designed concerning 5 axes of language (praxis / articulation, phonology, syntax, semantics,pragmatics) designed for parents of normal children and dysphasia. The comparison between two samples showed inferior performance in SLI than in normal children at all axesThe results have objectified a highly significant effect of child's age on all axis of the questionnaire for the normal population. Similarly, a significant effect of gender of the child on the syntactic axis. However, our data did not reveal asignificant effect of most of sociodemographic factors for the SLI population. Profiling children with SLI showed performance loss, and other preserved, by the type of SLI andit proved a correspondence between the assessment of parentsand the diagnosis made by specialists. Finally, the questionnaire appears to be a good tool to provide indicators of language development and early detection of children atrisk for specific oral language disorders
Said, Mohamed Rihlat. "Adaptation à la malnutrition dans les sociétés en transition nutritionnelle : étude des déterminants biologiques, sociaux et culturels du développement du surpoids chez les enfants en retard de croissance à Yaoundé (Cameroun)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0017.
Full textTrabelsi, Myriam. "Différences individuelles dans la stabilité des comportements maternels atypiques et liens avec l'écologie développementale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25598.
Full textAtypical maternal behaviors (measured with AMBIANCE) have been the subject of several recent studies . Accumulating evidence shows their connection with the development of disorganized attachment in children. However, very few data are available on their evolution over time and variables of family ecology that are likely to influence their appearance and development as the child grows. This is precisely what this study has attempted to do. Using a mixed sample, adult mothers (n = 44) and adolescents mothers ( n = 83) were observed interacting with their child when the child was age 6,10 and 15 months. Trajectory analysis revealed that the two groups of mothers differ across the six scales of AMBIANCE. The first group, forming the majority of mothers, showed a low average level of atypical maternal behavior and tended to maintain a low level or to reduce their use of atypical behaviors toward the child as he grew up. The other group of mothers, forming the minority, showed a medium to high level of atypical behavior and tended to increase their use over time. Among the variables of the family ecology studied, being a teenage mother, having lived several stressful life events during the past year and how the mothers perceive some elements of child temperament showed significant associations with trajectories of atypical maternal behavior.
Faleschini, Sabrina. "Effet du stress parental sur la relation entre la prématurité et les comportements internalisés de l'enfant né à moins de 29 semaines de gestation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28016.
Full textPreterm children are at risk of behavioral problems, and parenting stress may influence the development of these difficulties. The main goal of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the role of parenting stress in the process that links preterm birth and internalizing behaviors in very preterm children. Two statistical models were compared to see whether parenting stress is a mediator or a moderator of the relationship between preterm birth and internalizing behaviors. The second goal was to compare the value of two indicators of prematurity severity, gestational age and neonatal acute physiology evaluated by the Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II (SNAP-II) score, as predictors of later internalizing problems. A cohort of 118 children born at less than 29 weeks of gestational age and their parents was recruited. Parenting stress was evaluated by the French version on the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and internalizing behaviors were evaluated by the internalizing scale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). These measures were obtained by parental report when the children turned 5 years. The results showed that parenting stress was neither a mediator nor a moderator of the relationship between prematurity and internalizing behaviors. Moreover, Both gestational age and SNAP-II score failed to predict internalizing behaviors at 5 years. However, parenting stress was positively associated with higher internalizing behaviors. This study shows that parenting stress did not participate in the association between prematurity and internalizing problems, but showed a direct association with internalizing problems. Our findings highlight the importance of family environment in the resilience of preterm children.
Jagodowicz, Johanna. "Le développement précoce : quels indicateurs pour prévenir d'un trouble?" Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825021.
Full textPhélip, Marion. "Rôle de l’orientation auditive de l’attention au cours du développement à l’aide du paradigme d’écoute dichotique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3036.
Full textOur work focused on the study of auditory orienting attention cues (with tone cues and verbal cues) in dichotic listening situations across development. Four experiments were carried out with 8 to 12 years old children and with adults. If adults appeared to benefit from the use of tone cues as much as the use of verbal cues to improve their performance of identification in both ears, and thus to improve their cognitive control, however, only 9 years old children took advantage of verbal cues to orient more efficiently their attention and resolve cognitive conflicts. Below this age, only tones cues helped the children to orient and control their attention to the indicated ear.Altogether our results reveal that (a) auditory orienting capacities develop in synergy with cerebral development (the maturation of the prefrontal cortex increases at around 9 years of age), and that (b) verbal cues lead to an efficient orientation of attention and high performance of identification in both ears, even under the age of 9.We suggest that the facilitator role of verbal cues could result from the pre-activation of the top-down processes that they involve. Indeed, top-down processes are essential for cognitive control. Therefore, the presentation of this type of cues would enhance the activation of processes that are not so easily recruited by young children. The immaturity of the pre-frontal cortex of children below 9 years of age could explain the difficulties encountered by this age group
Ouellet, Emmanuel. "La relation entre le trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité et le développement du langage." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27289/27289.pdf.
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