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Vargo, John T. "Evaluation of operator performance using true color and artificial color in natural scene perception." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA363036.
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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research) Naval Postgraduate School, March 1999.Thesis advisor(s): William K. Krebs. "March 1999". Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-113). Also available online.
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Buehler, Branden. ""As true as television gets" the wire and perceptions of realism /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/648974372/viewonline.
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Gerstenberg, Tina. "Tree parameters’ impact on visual perception, preference, and recreation." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-227721.
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There is a large body of empirical evidence that nature delivers benefits to people. In the face of progressive urbanisation, urban nature and its design are becoming increasingly important. At the same time, climate change endangers biological diversity and consequently ecosystem functioning. Thus, for urban landscape planners who consider both ecosystem health and residential well-being, it is attractive to simultaneously increase plant diversity and the recreational value of urban nature. The present dissertation investigates the role of tree parameters for perception, preference, and recreation and elucidates how findings can contribute to human and ecosystem health in cities. In a first study, the following tree parameters were identified to be relevant to perception: Conifers versus deciduous trees, crown height to crown width ratio, crown size to trunk height ratio, and crown density. These results add to previous studies, as they are based on more realistic-looking images. Furthermore, the parameters are metric, were generated by study participants and represent a hierarchy. Two further studies demonstrated that the greater the crown relative to trunk height, the more pleasant and the more beautiful a tree is perceived and the denser a crown, the heavier and the more rugged a tree is perceived. Both parameters predict tree preference. This is consistent with theories and previous findings on landscape perception and adds more precise parameters for tree preference prediction to the literature. A fourth study revealed no effects of tree characteristics’ diversity in urban green spaces on how fascinating and coherent they are perceived. This suggests that species diversity in green spaces can be increased without reducing restorativeness. The identified tree parameters can be used to select various, similar-looking species to increase both human well-being and ecosystem health. Furthermore, the knowledge on the tree parameters’ semantic meaning can facilitate expert-lay communication. The preferred tree characteristics can be used to increase residential satisfaction. Finally, tree species diversity in urban green spaces can be increased without mitigating the recreational valueDie positiven Wirkungen von Natur auf den Menschen sind empirisch gut belegt. Angesichts steigender Urbanisierung wird Stadtnatur und ihre Gestaltung wichtiger. Gleichzeitig stellt der Klimawandel eine Bedrohung der biologischen Vielfalt und somit der ökosystemaren Funktionalität dar. Für urbane Landschaftsplanung, welche sowohl die ökosystemare Gesundheit als auch das Wohlbefinden der Stadtbewohner berücksichtigt, ist es daher attraktiv, zugleich die Pflanzenvielfalt und den Erholungswert von Stadtnatur zu erhöhen. Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht die Rolle von Baumparametern bei der Wahrnehmung, Präferenz und Erholungswirksamkeit und erläutert, wie die Ergebnisse zur Gesundheit von Mensch und Natur in Städten beitragen können. In einer ersten Studie wurden die folgenden Baumparameter als wahrnehmungsrelevant identifiziert: Nadelbäume versus Laubbäume, Verhältnis von Kronenhöhe zu Kronenbreite, Verhältnis von Kronengröße zu Stammlänge und Kronendichte. Diese Ergebnisse ergänzen bisherige Literatur, da sie auf realistischer aussehenden Bildern basieren. Zudem sind die Parameter metrisch, wurden von Probanden generiert und bilden eine Hierarchie ab. Zwei weitere Studien zeigten, dass je größer die Krone im Verhältnis zur Stammlänge desto angenehmer und schöner wird ein Baum wahrgenommen und je dichter die Krone desto schwerer und robuster wird ein Baum empfunden. Beide Parameter sagen die Baumpräferenz vorher. Dies stimmt mit Theorien und bisherigen Studien zur Landschaftswahrnehmung überein und ergänzt die Forschung um präzisere Parameter zur Vorhersage von Baumpräferenz. Eine vierte Studie ergab, dass sich die Vielfalt an Baumeigenschaften in städtischen Grünräumen nicht darauf auswirkt, wie faszinierend und kohärent sie wahrgenommen werden. Dies legt nahe, dass die Artenvielfalt in Grünräumen erhöht werden kann ohne die Erholungswirkung negativ zu beeinflussen. Die Baumparameter können dazu verwendet werden, verschiedene, ähnlich aussehende Arten zur Pflanzung auszuwählen, um das menschliche Wohlbefinden sowie die ökosystemare Gesundheit zu erhöhen. Des Weiteren kann das Wissen um die semantischen Bedeutungen der Baumparameter die Experten-Laien-Kommunikation erleichtern. Beliebte Baummerkmale können dazu herangezogen werden, die Zufriedenheit von Stadtbewohnern zu erhöhen. Schließlich kann die Baumartenvielfalt in städtischen Grünräumen erhöht werden ohne den Erholungswert zu mindern
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Vandersall, Ellen J. "The voice, a truer window to the soul? the effects of face/voice incongruency on impression formation /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/756.
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Rochanaroon, Ratanawalee. "Perceptions of the UK financial community about the concept and practice of the true and fair override." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843785/.
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The main thrust of the research has been to establish the opinions of a representative sample of the UK financial community about the underlying concepts of the ultimate criterion used in evaluating alternative approaches to provide information in financial reporting. In doing so, the research has sought to determine whether the members of this community perceive links between the TFO and the exercise of "professional accounting judgement" (PAJ) by preparers and auditors of financial statements in complying with GAAP (the UK approach), as opposed to a greater emphasis on compliance with no possibility of the exercise of PAJ in overriding an accounting standard (the US approach). In addition, the research has aimed to examine the extent to which the members of the UK financial community perceive links between concepts of "representational faithfulness" such as the "True and Fair View" (TFV) with or without the TFO, or "Fair Presentation" (in conformity with IAS GAAP or US GAAP), and a wider set of "qualitative characteristics" of financial accounting information which are mentioned in the conceptual framework literature. The research instrument was a postal questionnaire, which was sent to 500 financial directors and 500 external auditors of large listed companies, and 1,000 financial analysts. The overall response rate was 27.15%. The main findings can be summarised as follows: 1. All three sub-groups expressed strong support for the concept and practice of TFO and the exercise of PAJ in compliance with GAAP. However, the use of TFO should be confined to exceptional circumstances, as normally compliance with GAAP was considered to be a necessary condition of providing a TFV; 2. An approach to financial reporting that involved the exercise of PAJ and the possibility of overriding an accounting standard was considered a preferable approach to financial reporting, when compared to a compliance-oriented approach such as that required under US GAAP.
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Yu, Ping. "FP-tree Based Spatial Co-location Pattern Mining." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4724/.
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A co-location pattern is a set of spatial features frequently located together in space. A frequent pattern is a set of items that frequently appears in a transaction database. Since its introduction, the paradigm of frequent pattern mining has undergone a shift from candidate generation-and-test based approaches to projection based approaches. Co-location patterns resemble frequent patterns in many aspects. However, the lack of transaction concept, which is crucial in frequent pattern mining, makes the similar shift of paradigm in co-location pattern mining very difficult. This thesis investigates a projection based co-location pattern mining paradigm. In particular, a FP-tree based co-location mining framework and an algorithm called FP-CM, for FP-tree based co-location miner, are proposed. It is proved that FP-CM is complete, correct, and only requires a small constant number of database scans. The experimental results show that FP-CM outperforms candidate generation-and-test based co-location miner by an order of magnitude.
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Roze, Candice. "The banyan tree : perception of place, kinship and church in Tasiriki, Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227822.
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Lam, Leung Yin-ting Teresa. "Perceptions of school climate in the eyes of teachers and students : a case study /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13890918.
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Gwedla, Nanamhla. "Street tree composition, distribution and urban residents’ perceptions within and between Eastern Cape towns." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4702.
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Promoting urban sustainability is vital in the face of rapid human and urban population growth. A core tenet of urban sustainability, urban forestry, is poised to “go global” with the intent of mitigating the negative environmental and social effects of urbanisation through green infrastructure, spaces and trees. Amongst these, the planting of street trees has become a major strategy. The public functions of street trees as demonstrated through the provision of ecosystem services are highly dependent on the structure, composition and diversity of tree species within the urban forest. The bulk of available literature on the composition, diversity and perceptions of residents regarding street trees has largely focused on the developed world, while the few in the developing world have been conducted at only one or two sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the composition, diversity and density of urban street trees in relation to the perceptions of local residents and horticulturists, across a range of ecological and social contexts. To do this, the species composition, diversity and dominance of street trees planted in 10 randomly selected Eastern Cape towns was assessed. Within each town ten replicate 200 m transects were located in three different suburbs. Perceptions and appreciation of street trees were assessed by 1 200 household questionnaires, as well as key informant interviews with personnel responsible for street tree planting and maintenance. Sixty-nine out of 300 sampled transects had street trees, with 888 trees enumerated, spanning ninety-seven species. Alien tree species accounted for 71 % of all the enumerated trees while indigenous trees species accounted for 12 %. The non-former homeland towns had a significantly higher (5.8±1.6 trees) mean street tree density per transect than the former homeland towns (0.6±03). There were no significant relationships between street tree density or richness to mean annual rainfall or the background biome in which the town was situated. However, density strongly was related to size of the town. RDP and township suburbs had fewer street trees and low species richness relative to the affluent suburbs. In selecting street trees, root system of the prospective tree, the eventual size or shape of the species, whether an alien or indigenous species, and the species’ adaptability to the climate of the respective town are considered before planting. The biggest identified threats to street trees were the deliberate vandalism of trees by people and animals, and lack of education and awareness regarding the importance of street trees among urban residents and municipal officials. More than half of the respondents prefer that trees be planted both on the street and in their yards while a few do not want trees at all. The majority of respondents with this preference do so because they want shade and abundant fruit, and to have beautiful yards and streets. Those who do not want trees at all do so because they just do not like trees, there is no space for trees, or they fear that criminals hide behind trees. The presence of trees in peoples’ yards correlated with a positive preference for trees in the street. The majority of respondents were neither satisfied with the general appearance of their street nor with the number of trees on their street. Residents from the RDP suburbs were the least satisfied with both the appearance and number of trees on their streets, while those from the affluent suburbs were the most satisfied. Street trees were seen as greatly important to have by the majority of people. The more educated people were more appreciative of the importance of street trees. Local municipalities were identified by the majority of respondents as the stakeholders responsible for the planting and maintenance of street trees, although a considerable proportion of respondents reported a willingness to volunteer to help plant and maintain trees on their streets. Municipalities were seen as doing very little to provide and maintain trees in the various suburbs by the majority of respondents. The majority of respondents also reported that they had never been consulted about tree planting activities in their suburbs before, and would like to have been consulted.
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Winter, Cody R. "Perceptions Affecting Tree Valuation: An Analysis of Recently Sold and Leased Properties in Tampa, Florida." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7110.
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The urban forest is a structure that is fluid in both species composition and how it is integrated in our cities and suburban areas. Much like the fluidity in its structure, the urban forest provides ecosystem services and disservices in many forms. These services and disservices can often come in the form of temperature regulation, lower crime rates, and even higher property values. The latter, which is associated with the economic value of trees, is a part of the hedonic pricing literature which suggests that there is a disparity in the value associated with trees to house prices. With the City of Tampa conducting its own hedonic pricing study, along with the presence of robust urban forest data, 2,000 residents of the city who had recently purchased or rented their home were mailed a questionnaire gauging how trees influenced their decision to live at their current residence and how they perceived the urban forest. Out of the 2,000 properties, 400 of the surveys were received resulting in a 20% return rate.
Five hypotheses were tested to determine how people’s perceptions affected the value they place on trees. It was hypothesized that home owners were more likely than renters to report tree disservices due to high maintenance costs, and potential damage. Additionally, it was hypothesized that homeowners would likely report more negative opinions of trees compared to renters. The analysis showed that tree drawbacks related to cost/maintenance and damage were reported by 43% and 45% of homeowners respectively. Likewise, 32% of renters reported cost/maintenance and 37% reported damage as their top drawbacks of trees. Although homeowners more frequently reported cost/maintenance and damage as drawbacks of trees, there was no significant statistical difference in opinion on trees at the .05 level. It was hypothesized that because neighborhood trees have less drawbacks such as property damage, residents would favor neighborhood trees more than trees on their property. Cross tabulating Likert statements with canopy cover did not reveal a preference for neighborhood trees above trees found directly on resident property. It was hypothesized that respondents living in homes with lower assessed values would express more negative opinions of trees such as cost and maintenance being reported as drawbacks. Cross tabulating sales price with the negative Likert statements concerning trees revealed that homes with higher assessed value reported more negative opinions of trees. It was hypothesized that different ethnic groups such as African Americans, Hispanic/Latinos, and White/Caucasians as well as residents of different affluence would report similar opinions and tree cover percentages with people from similar demographics. Despite the current literature suggesting differences in opinions, preferences, and canopy cover for different races/ethnicities, the analysis did not reveal a link between race/ethnicity and the availability of tree canopy or landscape preference. Finally, it was hypothesized that there would be a high correlation between residents’ purchases and/or rental decisions and the extent of canopy cover from trees originating on their property and/or in their neighborhood. For respondents who strongly agreed/agreed that trees influenced their rental/purchase decision there was a marginally higher canopy cover in the area surrounding their property than directly on their property. Additionally, there appeared to be no relationship with the level of agreement that trees influenced residents’ decision to rent/purchase and the amount of tree canopy on their property and in their neighborhood.
The conclusions of the study are that the opinions of trees in Tampa, FL are primarily positive among those in the sample population. In order to gain less biased results it is suggested that a door to door method be utilized in the future. It is also suggested that residents’ opinions are sampled after a severe storm to assess how hazardous conditions affect the overall opinions surrounding trees.
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Paré, Souleymane. "Land use dynamics, tree diversity and local perception of dry forest decline in southern Burkina Faso, West Africa /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200878.pdf.
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Kanko, Ivonne G. "Perceptions of Community-Based Participatory Research from Community and Academic Members." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3396.
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Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an increasingly popular form of public health research. However, little is known about the application of CBPR and the levels of involvement for partners in specific phases of the partnership. This phenomenological study addressed the application of CBPR from the perspectives of 7 academic researchers and 6 community members experienced in CBPR. Arnstein's ladder of citizenship participation and the community coalition action theory provided the framework for the study. Semi-structured interviews addressed participants' levels of involvement in the CBPR process, as well as challenges, concerns, successes, and recommendations for improvement. Interview transcripts were analyzed by identifying recurrent themes relevant to the experience of being a CBPR partner. These themes were then used to develop descriptions of their experience. Results indicated that participants knew the term CBPR and had experienced it, but not all participants understood the depth of CBPR and how much bargaining power they could have for their community. Sustainability of partnerships and programs was a major concern. Ethical problems were also raised regarding the long-term commitment to projects and the need for CBPR partnership evaluation. Results may be used to strengthen awareness of the principles of CBPR to advance culturally tailored public health interventions.
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Agripa, Ngorima. "Perceptions and livelihood uses of an invasive alien tree (acacia dealbata) by rural communities in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5326.
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The negative impacts which invasive alien species have on ecosystems are well documented but there is paucity of information on their impacts on rural communities. Due to ecological impacts that may be associated with Acacia dealbata invasions the Agricultural Research Council Plant Protection Institute is considering releasing a biocontrol agent for A. dealbata. The actual social impacts of A. dealbata invasion and control are likely to be related to its importance in rural livelihoods. This thesis reports on the perceptions and livelihood uses of A. dealbata in the Eastern Cape. Three study sites were assessed, Matatiele, Mount Fletcher and Maclear. The study involved 150 household surveys, one focus group discussion and one transect walk at each site, key informant interviews and frequent house visits to acquire reliable data. Results show that 100 % of households in the three sites use Silver Wattle extensively for firewood. In Matatiele 64 %, 72 % in Mount Fletcher and 84 % of households in Maclear use Silver Wattle for fencing. To carve tools 76 % in Matatiele, 76 % in Mount Fletcher and 84 % households in Maclear use Silver Wattle. For medicinal purposes 18 % in Matatiele, 20 % in Mount Fletcher and 16 % in Maclear use Silver Wattle, whilst 78 % in Matatiele, 80 % in Mount Fletcher and 80 % in Maclear use it for fodder purposes. Many respondents felt that Silver Wattle is too abundant within their areas such that it now has many negative impacts associated with it. Perceptions of local people towards A. dealbata are neither static nor uniform, but are influenced by time since the invasion and now abundance of the species. There are no alternatives which provide the same services provided by Silver Wattle. Benefits and constraints due to A. dealbata invasion are experienced by everyone irrespective of wealth and gender. In conclusion, Silver Wattle is a valuable resource to these rural communities, but increasing abundance is incurring high costs to grazing resources and landscape accessibility.
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Kronvall, Alf. "Perceptionsanalys av tre webbplatser som använder Flash : skillnader i syn på färg och form bland kvinnliga och manliga Internetanvändare i olika åldersgrupper." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Communication, Technology and Design, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-340.
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Denna uppsats undersöker hur kvinnor och män i olika åldersgrupper förhåller sig till Flashapplikationer utifrån deras uppfattning om färg och form. Deltagarna som består av skolungdomar, nyexaminerade studenter och pensionärer har genom en enkät och en semistrukturerad intervjuform fått redogöra för sina intryck av Santa Marias, Eccos och Indiskas webbplatser.
Undersökningsdeltagarna identifierar Flashelementen genom deras rörelser. Deltagarna vill välja om de ska se animationer och andra applikationer skapade i Flash för att inte tappa koncentrationen från övrigt innehåll. Studenterna i undersökningen har en mer kritisk hållning till färgval, formgivning och användandet av Flash än övriga. Kvinnorna i undersökningen har en mer liberal hållning till färg och form än männen.
This essay explores how men and women in different age groups experiences Flashapplications, depending on their perception of colour and form. The participants, teenagers at a junior high school, students who just have finished their degree and senior citizens have by answering a form and by taking part in a semi structured interview been able to express their opinion of the following Scandinavian web pages: Santa Maria, Ecco and Indiska.
The participants identify the flash objects by their movements. The participants want to be able to choose weather or not to see the animations and other applications created in Flash, to avoid loosing focus on the other information the trademarks wants to express. The students have the most critical approach to colour, form and the use of Flash objects. The female participants have a more liberal approach to colour and form then the male participants.
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Sandberg, Frida. "En mot man : En enkätduell i tre grenar mellan två generiska pronomen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Svenska, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39979.
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Denna uppsats undersöker hur en som ett generiskt pronomen mottas i jämförelse med det generiska pronomenet man när de presenteras i samman kontext. Att använda en som ett generiskt pronomen är en diskussion som uppkommit inom feministiska kretsar för att utmana den manliga normen. Tidigare forskning har visat att en har använts som ett alternativ till det generiska pronomenet man med syfte att vara ett könsneutralt och inkluderande alternativ för att motverka språklig diskriminering. Man anses skapa mentala bilder av en person av manligt kön vilket bidrar till samhällets manliga norm. Studier visar dock även att det finns restriktioner kring bruket av en, både hos språkbrukare och hos den institutionaliserade språkvården i Sverige. Syftet med denna studie är således att studera vilka könskonceptualiseringar som de båda pronomenen skapar och hur resultatet av detta förhåller sig till de feministiska intentioner som ligger bakom reformen. För att undersöka de restriktioner som finns kring frågan undersöks även de båda pronomenens lättlästhet samt om det framkommer språkattityder när orden används i praktiken. Genom en enkätundersökning med två olika men identiska enkäter där enbart det generiska pronomenet skiljer sig studeras dessa tre delar. Resultatet visar att en som ett generiskt pronomen inte lever upp till sina intentioner i frågan om könskonceptualiseringar då det skapade fler föreställningar av en person av ett manligt kön, medan man uppfattas som mer könsneutralt. Inget av pronomenen skapade några konceptualiseringar av en person bortom det binära könssystemet och inkluderar således inte personer som inte identifierar sig som kvinna och man. Vid jämförande av de båda pronomenens lättlästhet skapar en högre svårigheter än man. Vid undersökningen om språkattityder gav man inga utslag medan en skapade reaktioner hos informanterna. Det attityder som förekom hade dock en blandad karaktär men det kan dras slutsatser om att en är ett mer iögonfallande alternativ än man. På grund av studiens storlek bör resultatet skådas som ett inlägg i den rådande diskussionen och uppmanar till fortsatt forskning inom ämnet.
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Gerstenberg, Tina [Verfasser], Peter G. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Richter, and Andreas [Gutachter] Roloff. "Tree parameters’ impact on visual perception, preference, and recreation / Tina Gerstenberg ; Gutachter: Peter G. Richter, Andreas Roloff ; Betreuer: Peter G. Richter." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140735160/34.
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Peralta, Andrés. "Eating from the Tree of Knowledge: The Impact of Visual Culture on the Perception and Construction of Ethnic, Sexual, and Gender Identity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33193/.
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This study explores the way that visual culture and identity creates understanding about how the women in my family interact and teach each other. In the study issues of identity, liminality, border culture, are explored. The study examines how underrepresented groups, such as those represented by Latinas, can enter into and add to the discourses of art education because the women who participated have learned to maneuver through the world, passing what they have learned to one another, from one generation to the next. Furthermore, the study investigates ways in which visual cues offer a way for the women in my family to negotiate their identity. In the study the women see themselves in signs, magazines, television, dolls, clothing patterns, advertisements, and use these to find ways in which to negotiate the borderlands of the places in which they live. Although the education that occurred was informal, its importance is in creating a portal through which to self reflect on the cultural work of educating.
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Bonnesoeur, Vivien. "Acclimatation des arbres forestiers au vent : de la perception du vent à ses conséquences sur la croissance et le dimensionnement des tiges." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AGPT0023.
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Les tempêtes sont de loin la première cause de dégâts pour les arbres. Toutefois ceux-ci ne font pas que subir passivement le vent. Ils perçoivent leurs propres déformations sous l'effet du vent (comme de toute force externe) et y répondent en modifiant leur croissance et les propriétés mécaniques de leurs tissus. Mais ce processus, appelé thigmomorphogénèse, a surtout été étudié sur de très jeunes arbres en conditions contrôlées. Cette thèse vise à étendre pour la première fois cette étude à l'échelle d'un peuplement forestier afin de comprendre comment des arbres adultes s'acclimatent au vent en conditions naturelles en adaptant leur croissance. Elle s'appuie sur un dispositif expérimental mis en place dans un peuplement régulier de hêtre (Fagus sylvatica) non éclairci. La vitesse du vent, les déformations longitudinales et la croissance radiale de quinze paires d'arbres de dimension et d'exposition au vent contrastées (et regroupés selon leur statut social dominant ou dominé) ont été suivies pendant une année. En contrôlant l'intensité des déformations subies, par haubanage ou à l'aide de flexions artificielles, nous avons pu démontrer que les arbres ne répondent qu'à des stimulations mécaniques provoquées par des vents suffisamment forts ayant un temps de retour supérieur à la semaine. Cette réponse se traduit par contre par une très forte augmentation de leur croissance radiale et suit une loi de mécano-perception commune à l'ensemble des arbres, quelle que soit leur taille. Nous avons ensuite étudié les conséquences de la régulation des déformations sur le dimensionnement mécanique des arbres et leur risque d’endommagement. Il s'avère que malgré des dimensions et des expositions au vent contrastées, le régime de déformation reste uniforme entre les hêtres du peuplement, en accord avec l'hypothèse d'un dimensionnement mécanique optimal souvent inférée mais jamais validée dans son mécanisme. Finalement, les équations constitutives d'un possible modèle de croissance dépendant du vent sont proposées et discutéesStorms are by far the major hazard damaging the trees. However, trees do not just behave passively in the wind. They sense their own strains under the influence of an external force such as wind andrespond by modifying their growth and the mechanical properties of their tissues. But this process, called thigmomorphogenesis, has mainly been studied in very young trees in controlled conditions. This thesis aims to expand for the first time such studies at the scale of a forest stand in order to understand how adult trees acclimate to the wind in natural conditions by adapting their growth. It relies on an experimental set up in a regular stand of beech (Fagus sylvatica) which have never be thinned. The wind speed, the longitudinal strains and the radial growth of fifteen pairs of trees with contrasted sizes and wind exposures (split into two social status, dominant and suppressed trees) were monitored for one year. By controlling the strain intensity experienced by the trees, either by guying or by additional bendings, we show that the trees respond only to mechanical stimulation caused by rather strong winds with a return period higher than a week. This response leads however to a very strong increase in radial growth. And it follows a law of mecano-sensing uniform among the trees, regardless of their sizes. We then studied the effects of the strain regulation on the mechanical design of the trees and the potential risk of stem breakage. Despite the contrasted sizes and wind exposures, the strain regime remained uniform within the beech stand, in agreement with the hypothesis of an optimal mechanical design often inferred but never validated in its mechanism. Finally, the constitutive equations of a possible growth model dependent on wind are proposed and discussed
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Silva, Denise Capasso da. "Violence, security perception and mode choice on trips to and from a university campus." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18144/tde-04102017-153723/.
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This dissertation addresses the validation of the hypothesis there is a general sense that violence and security perception influence the use of sustainable travel modes. The research characterizes the issue of security perception among University of São Paulo (Brazil) users and identifies the way the sense of security and violence occurrences are related to the travel mode choice. An online survey on security perception and the way its participants access the campus was conducted. The target relationships were explored by Decision Tree (DT) algorithms. An initial exploratory analysis revealed occurrences of violence and reports of insecurity perception were strongly correlated on streets around the campus. The time analysis of violence distribution presented the incidents concentrated at night and during the week. The study also showed that security perception variation according to gender and travel mode choice is less sensitive to security perception than to the occurrence of violence, or type of affiliation to the university. Finally, DT algorithms explored the relation of spatially treated variables (i.e. route length to the university, density of violence occurrences and insecurity reports on the route) to mode choice. The results also showed that distance to the campus was relevant to the mode choice only in routes not strongly considered unsafe. In routes of higher insecurity perception, the share of nonmotorized modes was more expressive and the largest participation of sustainable modes was on routes with high incidence of violence. Since it is counterintuitive to assume numerous walking trips are a consequence of violence, the opposite was considered as a possible explanation to those results. The present study reinforces the need for increased surveillance in regions with high participation of non-motorized modes, for preventing users from shifting to motorized modes.Esta dissertação busca comprovar a hipótese de que a violência e a percepção de segurança influenciam o uso de modos de transporte sustentáveis. A pesquisa caracteriza a questão da percepção de segurança entre os usuários da Universidade de São Paulo (Brasil), em São Carlos, e identifica como o sentimento de segurança pessoal e a violência estão relacionados com a escolha do modo de viagem. Foi realizada uma pesquisa on-line sobre a percepção de segurança dos usuários da universidade e a forma como eles acessam o campus. As interações foram exploradas por algoritmos de Árvore de Decisão (AD). Uma análise exploratória inicial mostrou que ocorrências de violência e relatos de insegurança estavam fortemente correlacionados nos trechos de via ao redor do campus. A análise temporal da distribuição da violência apresentou os incidentes concentrados à noite e durante os dias de semana. Além disso, a pesquisa mostrou que a percepção de segurança variou de acordo com o gênero e a escolha modal é menos sensível à percepção de segurança do que a ocorrência de violência, ou vinculação com a universidade. Por fim, os algoritmos de AD foram executados para explorar a relação das variáveis tratadas espacialmente (ou seja, o comprimento da rota até o campus, além da densidade de ocorrências e relatos de insegurança na rota) com a escolha modal. O último resultado obtido na análise foi que a distância até a universidade era relevante para a escolha modal apenas em rotas onde não há numerosos relatos de insegurança. A participação dos modos não motorizados foi mais expressiva nas rotas com maior percepção de insegurança, e em rotas com alta incidência de violência. Como não é razoável supor que mais viagens a pé são uma consequência dos roubos e sim o oposto, o estudo reforça a importância de aumentar a segurança nas regiões de alta incidência de viagens não motorizadas, de forma a não incentivar a migração destes usuários para modos motorizados.
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Haddle, Jenny Brown. "Community residents' perceptions of ecotourism impacts and conservation issues in rural Creole Belize a case study of Crooked Tree Wildlife Sanctuary /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011826.
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Wachs, Marina-Elena, Theresa Scholl, Gesa Balbig, and Katharina Grobheiser. "Textile Engineering ›SurFace‹: Oberflächenentwurf von der taktilen zur grafischen zur taktilen Erfahrbarkeit im Design Engineering der Zukunft." Thelem Universitätsverlag & Buchhandlung GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75865.
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Das Textile-Engineering steht innerhalb der Digitalisierungsphase der vierten industriellen Revolution, vor der Herausforderung, die taktile Erfahrbarkeit von physischen Oberflächen in digitale tools zu übersetzen. Hierbei stehen scheinbar analoge Entwurfsmethoden des Skizzierens, mit dem Duktus im Konflikt mit den digitalen Entwurfsflächen und -räumen. Wie können wir digitale Materialbibliotheken so verwenden, dass diese der „wahren“ Oberflächen(-Ästhetik), entsprechend unseren physisch erlebbaren Welten entsprechen? Wir entwickeln die interaktiven Entwurfsräume der Zukunft „sur face“, über das „Gesicht“ des Materials. Mittels Matrix und digitalem Duktus und im vis à vis von analogen und digitalen vernetzt designen, kommen wir der Anforderung von human centred design der textilen Zukunftswelten näher.
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Dahlbäck, Eva. "Att bygga ett bibliotek : En studie av funktion och rörelse i tre nyinrättade biblioteksbyggnader - Kungliga tekniska högskolans bibliotek, Sambiblioteket i Härnösand och Vitterhetsakademiens bibliotek." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-106143.
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A large part of research about libraries and library buildings in Sweden has been focused on how the building looks not how it functions with the library. The aim with this master’s thesis is to study how a library building is functioning and how its users are experiencing it. This is studied in three libraries, Kungliga tekniska högskolans bibliotek, Sambiblioteket in Härnösand and Vitterhetsakademiens bibliotek. With the questions of how they were planed, what did the libraries want from the new building and which of these demands were realized. The theory and method will are inspired from Daniel Koch and Inger Bergström.I have visited these libraries and also have read the few published articles about them. I have, too, interviewed librarians and users in the libraries. These libraries have all established a new library building in the 2100th century. The study shows that is not always easy to build a new library. There are a lot of actors involved in the planning, and that effects how the library will function in the building as well how the users move within and experience the room.
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Mehrpour, Vahid [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Treue, Florentin [Gutachter] Wörgötter, Alexander [Gutachter] Gail, Fred [Gutachter] Wolf, Hansjörg [Gutachter] Scherberger, and Martin [Gutachter] Göpfert. "The role of attention and adaptation in shaping cortical representations and the perception of abrupt changes in the visual environment / Vahid Mehrpour ; Gutachter: Stefan Treue, Florentin Wörgötter, Alexander Gail, Fred Wolf, Hansjörg Scherberger, Martin Göpfert ; Betreuer: Stefan Treue." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1145292321/34.
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Maphiri, Stella. "Forest biomass energy use and perceptions on tree planting and community woodlots in households of two rural communities in Keiskammahoek, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1503.
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Thesis (MScFor (Forest and Wood Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Access to secure energy supplies is widely acknowledged as a critical foundation for sustainable development. Rural households are highly dependent on forest resources for their livelihoods including energy needs. Fuelwood is a non-timber forest product (NTFP) that accounts for one of the main uses of forests and woodlands. Despite substantial household electrification programmes in South Africa, the use of fuelwood as a source of energy continues. This study aimed to analyze fuelwood use patterns of two rural villages situated in Keiskammahoek in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa in order to understand the perceptions of the community members regarding communal tree planting. The study was conducted in two rural villages, namely, Cata and Tshoxa. A total of 120 respondents from both villages were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires to collect data on the use of fuelwood and evaluate their perception on tree planting. The study revealed that up to 77% of the people living in Keiskammahoek used fuelwood as a major source of energy and that women were the main collectors and users of fuelwood. In the rural Cata, food is cooked in three-legged pots over open fires while in Tshoxa food is mainly cooked over paraffin and electric stoves. The respondents from both villages did not have energy conservation measures in place and improved wood stoves have not been introduced in this region. The local community of Cata was also involved in tree planting on a community level, while both villages were also involved in tree planting at a household level. The study concluded that fuelwood was the most important product from the forests in both rural areas and natural forests were a valuable source of other NTFPs; most notably indigenous fruit products. In addition most of the fuelwood was used for cooking and heating purposes but that there was no deliberate use of energy efficient methods. On tree planting, the study showed that communities from both rural villages have an interest in planting trees around their households; with preference for fruit and shade trees.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toegang tot betroubare energieverskaffing word algemeen erken as 'n uiters belangrike grondslag vir volhoubare ontwikkeling. Plattelandse huishoudings is hoogs afhanklik van bosbronne vir hul bestaan, met inbegrip van energiebehoeftes. Brandhout is 'n nie-hout bosproduk (NHBP) wat beskou word as een van die hoofgebruike van woude en boslande. Nieteenstaande wesenlike elektrifiseringsprogramme vir huishoudings in Suid-Afrika, duur die gebruik van brandhout as 'n bron van energie voort. Hierdie studie het beoog om die gebruikspatrone van brandhout van twee plattelandse dorpe in Keiskammahoek in die Oos-Kaapse Provinsie van Suid-Afrika te ontleed en om die begrip van die gemeenskap aangaande die gemeenskaplike plant van bome te verstaan. Die studie is in twee plattelandse dorpe, naamlik Cata en Tshoxa, uitgevoer. Onderhoude is gevoer met 'n totaal van 120 respondente van beide dorpe deur die gebruik van halfgestruktureerde vraelyste om gegewens oor die gebruik van brandhout in te samel en die respondente se begrip van die plant van bome te evalueer. Die studie het aan die lig gebring dat tot 77% van die mense wat in Keiskammahoek woon, brandhout as 'n hoofbron van energie gebruik en dat vrouens die hoofgaarders en gebruikers van brandhout is. In die landelike Cata word kos in driepootpotte op oop vure gekook terwyl kos in Tshoxa hoofsaaklik op paraffien- en elektriese stowe gekook word. Die respondente van beide dorpe het nie energiebesparingsmaatreëls in plek gehad nie en verbeterde houtstowe is nog nie in hierdie streek ingebring nie. Die plaaslike gemeenskap van Cata was ook betrokke by die plant van bome op 'n gemeenskapsvlak, terwyl beide dorpe ook betrokke was by die plant van bome op 'n huishoudelike vlak. Die studie het tot ’n gevolgtrekking gekom dat brandhout die belangrikste produk van die woude in beide plattelandse gebiede is en dat die natuurlike woude 'n belangrike bron van ander NHBP’s is; veral inheemse vrugteprodukte. Daarbenewens is meeste van die brandhout gebruik vir kook- en verhittingsdoeleindes, maar daar was geen doelbewuste gebruik van energiedoeltreffende metodes nie. Op die gebied van die plant van bome het die studie getoon dat die gemeenskappe van beide plattelandse dorpe belange het in die plant van bome rondom hulle huishoudings; met voorkeur aan vrugte- en skadubome.
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Tolmie, Julie, and julie tolmie@techbc ca. "Visualisation, navigation and mathematical perception: a visual notation for rational numbers mod1." The Australian National University. School of Mathematical Sciences, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20020313.101505.
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There are three main results in this dissertation.
The first result is the construction of an abstract visual space for rational
numbers mod1, based on the visual primitives, colour, and rational radial
direction. Mathematics is performed in this visual notation by defining
increasingly refined visual objects from these primitives. In particular,
the existence of the Farey tree enumeration of rational numbers mod1
is identified in the texture of a two-dimensional animation.
¶
The second result is a new enumeration of the rational numbers mod1,
obtained, and expressed, in abstract visual space, as the visual object
coset waves of coset fans on the torus. Its geometry is shown to encode
a countably infinite tree structure, whose branches are cosets, nZ+m,
where n, m (and k) are integers. These cosets are in geometrical 1-1
correspondence with sequences kn+m, (of denominators) of rational
numbers, and with visual subobjects of the torus called coset fans.
¶
The third result is an enumeration in time of the visual hierarchy of the
discrete buds of the Mandelbrot boundary by coset waves of coset fans.
It is constructed by embedding the circular Farey tree geometrically into
the empty internal region of the Mandelbrot set. In particular, coset fans
attached to points of the (internal) binary tree index countably infinite
sequences of buds on the (external) Mandelbrot boundary.
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Andoh-Baidoo, Francis Kofi. "An Integrative Approach for Examining the Determinants of Abnormal Returns: The Cases of Internet Security Breach and Ecommerce Initiative." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1249.
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Researchers in various business disciplines use the event study methodology to assess the market value of firms through capital market reaction to news in the public media about the firm's activities. Capital market reaction is assessed based on cumulative abnormal return (sum of abnormal returns over the event window). In this study, the event study methodology is used to assess the impact that two important information technology activities, Internet security breach and ecommerce initiative, have on the market value of firms. While prior research on the relationship between these business activities and cumulative abnormal return involved the use of regression analysis, in this study, we use decision tree induction and regression.For the Internet security breach study, we use negative cumulative abnormal return as a surrogate for damage to the breached firm. In contrast to what has been reported in the research literature, our results suggest that the relationship between cumulative abnormal return and the independent variables for both the Internet security breach and ecommerce initiative studies is complex, often involving conditional interactions between the independent variables. We report that the incomplete contract theory is unable to effectively explain the relationship between cumulative abnormal return and the organizational variables. Other ecommerce theories provide support to the findings from our analysis. We show that both attack and firm characteristics are determinants of damage to breached firms.Our results revealed that the use of decision tree induction presents additional insight to that provided by regression models. We illustrate that there is value in using data mining techniques to study the market value of e-commerce initiative and Internet security breach and that this approach has applicability in other domains and that Decision Tree can enhance the event study methodology.We demonstrate that Decision Tree induction can be used for both theory building and theory testing. We specifically employ Decision Tree induction to test and enhance ecommerce theories and develop a theoretical model for cumulative abnormal return and ecommerce. We also present theoretical models for Internet security breach and damage to the breached firm. These models can be used by decision makers in Internet security and ecommerce investments strategic formulations and implementations.
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Dobbert, Léa Yamaguchi. "Arborização na cidade de Campinas/SP- percepção e conforto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-29042015-135703/.
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A influência benéfica de áreas verdes no conforto humano em áreas urbanas tem sido reconhecida por estudos de diferentes campos do conhecimento. Áreas verdes e arborização bem planejada constituem importantes recursos para melhorar a qualidade do ambiente ao promover bem-estar físico e mental aos seus usuários. Avaliar o grau de interferência proporcionado pela arborização no conforto térmico e bem-estar da população foi o objetivo principal do presente estudo. O índice de floresta urbana (IFU) avaliou a interferência da quantidade de cobertura arbórea em quatro áreas da cidade de Campinas/SP/Brasil em relação às condições de conforto térmico. Para tanto, foram utilizados índices de avaliação de conforto térmico (PMV Predicted Mean Vote e PET- Physiologically Equivalent Temperature) obtidos por meio do modelo Ray Man Pro.Questionários aplicados aos usuários das áreas de estudo possibilitaram verificar se os resultados obtidos por meio dos índices PMV e PET correspondiam à real sensação de conforto térmico relatada pelos entrevistados.Simulações com o uso do programa ENVI-met v. 3.1 foram realizadas a fim de observar as interferências microclimáticas causadas pela inserção de vegetação no meio urbano. A percepção do usuário das áreas de estudo em relação à arborização urbana também foi identificada por meio de questionários. Essa pesquisa permitirá no futuro, a partir dos resultados levantados, construir um instrumento para ser incorporado no plano diretor de arborização urbana, possibilitando urbanistas e profissionais, que atuam de forma direta ou indireta no planejamento das cidades, inspecionar e analisar o conforto térmico e a qualidade de vida no meio urbano, tendo em vista a valorização e adequação da arborização viária em seus projetos.The benefits of green urban area on human comfort have been recognized by studies performed in different knowledge fields. Green areas and urban forest planning are important tool to improve the quality of the urban environment by promoting physical and mental wellbeing to its users. The main goal of the present study is to assess the interference promoted by green areas in the welfare and thermal comfort of the urban population. The Urban Forest Index (IFU) evaluated the interference of the amount of trees in four areas of the city of Campinas, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil in relation to the conditions for thermal comfort. For this purpose, comfort indices have been used for evaluating thermal comfort (PMV-Predicted Mean Vote and PET-Physiologically Equivalent Temperature), obtained by the RayMan model. Questionnaires applied to the users on these study areas aimed to verify if the results of PET and PMV indices corresponded to the thermal sensation by respondents. Simulations using the ENVI-met program v 3.1 were conducted to observe the interference on microclimate due to the presence of vegetation in the urban environment. Questionnaires were also used to assess the perception of users on urban street trees. In the future, results obtained in this study will allow the building of an instrument, which could be included in the urban forest master plan. As a result, urban planners and other professionals who work directly or indirectly in the planning of cities will be able to inspect and evaluate the thermal comfort and the welfare of their citizens, considering the recovery and suitability of urban street trees in their projects.
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Andrade, Fabrício Luís de. "Movimento de blocos rochosos: um estudo acerca do risco e sua percepção no Morro do Cristo em Juiz de Fora-MG." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/308.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e detalhar pontos com risco para movimentos de massa - na tipologia movimento de blocos rochosos - na área tombada do Morro do Cristo em Juiz de Fora, MG, bem como a percepção deste risco por parte da população residente nas áreas consideradas mais vulneráveis junto ao sopé da mesma. O estudo foi desenvolvido na porção compreendida pelo polígono estabelecido pelas ruas Espírito Santo e São Sebastião, sentido N-S e pela vertente tombada do Morro do Cristo e a Av. Olegário Maciel, sentido WE. O estudo foi dividido em quatro etapas: na primeira etapa buscou-se identificar e avaliar a estabilidade dos blocos de rocha com dimensões iguais ou superiores a 100x100x100cm. Para tanto, foi utilizada a ficha de avaliação de estabilidade de blocos rochosos (BRASIL, 2011). Na segunda etapa identificou-se as tipologias dos movimentos dos blocos classificados como instáveis e muito instáveis (INFANTI e FORNASARI, 1998). Na terceira etapa verificou-se a percepção de risco que os moradores das áreas mais vulneráveis possuem, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, que foram transcritas e tiveram seu conteúdo analisado conforme Bardin (1977). Na quarta e última etapa foram elaboradas uma árvore de falhas e um diagrama de causa e consequência (ROCHA, 2005). Um total de trinta (30) blocos foram identificados e avaliados, sendo que destes, três (3) se encontravam instáveis e dez (10) muito instáveis. As quedas e rolamentos mostraram-se como os movimentos comuns no local. Os resultados das entrevistas revelaram uma baixa percepção do risco por parte dos moradores. Consequências naturais e/ou antrópicas são as causas possíveis para as quedas e/ou rolamentos de blocos de rocha. As medidas para a redução da instabilidade dos blocos de rocha e conseqüente redução do risco no local consistem em intervenções de responsabilidade do poder público. A partir desses dados é possível apontar a condição de alto risco para movimento de blocos de rocha na área de estudo.
This research had as its objective to identify and detail risky points for mass movements – in the rock block movement typology – in the protected area of Morro do Cristo in Juiz de Fora, MG, as well as the perception of this risk by part of the population residing in the areas considered to be more vulnerable by its foothills. The study was developed in the part surrounded by the polygon made by the streets Espírito Santo and São Sebastião, running N-S and by the protected slope of Morro do Cristo and Av. Olegário Maciel, running W-E. the study was divided in four stages: on the first stage we sought to identify and evaluate the stability of the rock blocks with dimensions of or above 100x100x100cm. For that we used the rock block stabilization evaluation form (BRASIL, 2011). On the second stage we identified the movement typology of the blocks classified as unstable and very unstable (INFANTI and FORNASARI, 1998). On the third stage we elaborated a tree of faults and a diagram of cause and effect (ROCHA, 2005). On the fourth and last stage we verified the perception of risk that the residents of the more vulnerable areas suffer by means of semistructured interview, which were transcribed and had their content analyzed according to Bardin (1977). A total of thirty (30) were identified and evaluated, out of them, three (3) were found unstable and ten (10) very unstable. The falls and rolls presented themselves as common movements in the place. The results of the interviews revealed a low perception of risk by part of the residents. Natural and/or man-made consequences are the possible causes for the falls and/or rolls of rock blocks. The measures for the reduction of the instability of the rock blocks and consequent reduction of risk in the place are interventions liable to the public authorities. From this data it is possible to point out a high-risk condition for the rock block movements in the studied area.
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Dočekal, Martin. "Porovnání klasifikačních metod." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403211.
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This thesis deals with a comparison of classification methods. At first, these classification methods based on machine learning are described, then a classifier comparison system is designed and implemented. This thesis also describes some classification tasks and datasets on which the designed system will be tested. The evaluation of classification tasks is done according to standard metrics. In this thesis is presented design and implementation of a classifier that is based on the principle of evolutionary algorithms.
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Narmack, Kirilll. "Dynamic Speed Adaptation for Curves using Machine Learning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233545.
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The vehicles of tomorrow will be more sophisticated, intelligent and safe than the vehicles of today. The future is leaning towards fully autonomous vehicles. This degree project provides a data driven solution for a speed adaptation system that can be used to compute a vehicle speed for curves, suitable for the underlying driving style of the driver, road properties and weather conditions. A speed adaptation system for curves aims to compute a vehicle speed suitable for curves that can be used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) or in Autonomous Driving (AD) applications. This degree project was carried out at Volvo Car Corporation. Literature in the field of speed adaptation systems and factors affecting the vehicle speed in curves was reviewed. Naturalistic driving data was both collected by driving and extracted from Volvo's data base and further processed. A novel speed adaptation system for curves was invented, implemented and evaluated. This speed adaptation system is able to compute a vehicle speed suitable for the underlying driving style of the driver, road properties and weather conditions. Two different artificial neural networks and two mathematical models were used to compute the desired vehicle speed in curves. These methods were compared and evaluated.Morgondagens fordon kommer att vara mer sofistikerade, intelligenta och säkra än dagens fordon. Framtiden lutar mot fullständigt autonoma fordon. Detta examensarbete tillhandahåller en datadriven lösning för ett hastighetsanpassningssystem som kan beräkna ett fordons hastighet i kurvor som är lämpligt för förarens körstil, vägens egenskaper och rådande väder. Ett hastighetsanpassningssystem för kurvor har som mål att beräkna en fordonshastighet för kurvor som kan användas i Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) eller Autonomous Driving (AD) applikationer. Detta examensarbete utfördes på Volvo Car Corporation. Litteratur kring hastighetsanpassningssystem samt faktorer som påverkar ett fordons hastighet i kurvor studerades. Naturalistisk bilkörningsdata samlades genom att köra bil samt extraherades från Volvos databas och bearbetades. Ett nytt hastighetsanpassningssystem uppfanns, implementerades samt utvärderades. Hastighetsanpassningssystemet visade sig vara kapabelt till att beräkna en lämplig fordonshastighet för förarens körstil under rådande väderförhållanden och vägens egenskaper. Två olika artificiella neuronnätverk samt två matematiska modeller användes för att beräkna fordonets hastighet. Dessa metoder jämfördes och utvärderades.
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Manary, Matthew Pierce. "Perceptions of Service Quality: Evidence for the Validity and Inseparability of Customer Reported Experiences and True Quality." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8210.
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Marketing researchers have long relied on customer perceptions of service encounters to represent the "true" underlying quality. Researchers and practitioners in healthcare, on the other hand, have long dismissed customer perceptions as a credible measure of service quality. We built a quality framework designed to address this fundamental question: are customer perceptions of service encounters unique, redundant, or wholly flawed measures of actual service quality?
We consistently show customer perspectives reflect a measure of service quality that is both unique from, and complimentary to, the competence with which a service is provided. In fact, we found the explanatory power of either single dimension of process care is completely dependent on the state of the other as they relate to service encounter outcomes. This latter finding may require both management and policy makers to rethink how they approach managing and incenting a balanced approach to investments in improving process care dimensions.
Our research also provides evidence of factors both within, and indirectly outside, the control of management in improving healthcare service quality. In addition, government administrators face a particularly challenging roll in the system; their own policies - whether too punitive or too generous - have the potential to institutionalize lower quality healthcare for the very populations they are most trying to protect.
Dissertation
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Fudman, Rachel. "To Thine Own Self be True? The Influence of Gender Stereotypes on Perceptions of Authentic Leaders." Thesis, 2015. https://doi.org/10.7916/D85B01JM.
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The goals of the current study were to document the effects of leaders’ relational authenticity on follower impressions, and to explore gender as a boundary condition of the positive effects of this leadership quality. Authentic leadership theory outlines the individual and organizational benefits that result from leaders who judiciously process information through a filter of self-knowledge, and who bring their authentic selves to their actions and relationships. However, research on gender stereotypes demonstrates that as opposed to approaching leadership roles with authenticity, female leaders may need to engage in a certain amount of acting in order to attain legitimacy in spaces traditionally inhabited by men. This work reconsidered authentic leadership theory, and specifically relational authenticity, to take the gender dynamics within existing organizational structures into account. Leader relational authenticity and leader gender were experimentally manipulated in order to test whether some advantages of authentic leadership, in this case favorable impressions and evaluations, apply equally to male and female leaders. Results indicated that those who led with relational authenticity were viewed as more likeable and desirable as a boss than those who did not, and were perceived as more trustworthy for their benevolence and integrity than those who did not. Results of moderated mediation models revealed that relational authenticity can hinder evaluations of women leaders, and that the source of adverse consequences is the enhanced association with gender stereotypes that occurs when women lead with relational authenticity. This was demonstrated by a penalty in judgments of competence and ability exacted from female but not male leaders who were relationally authentic. Further research is required to understand the complex interaction of leaders’ relational authenticity and gender to influence followers’ impressions and outcomes.
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Yuvaraj, Athur Raghuvir. "A New Algorithm For Linear Tree Pattern Matching." Thesis, 1996. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1680.
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"Exploring the Existence of a “Documentary Effect”: Examination of True Crime Documentaries on Judgments of Evidence Manipulation and Perceptions of Police." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.49396.
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abstract: Cultivation theory states that consuming television cultivates a social reality in the real world which aligns with the reality present in television. When the television show CSI was released, researchers studied a form of cultivation stemming from the show titled the "CSI Effect." One of the components of the CSI Effect is the tendency of those who watch CSI to be more likely to overestimate the presence of forensic evidence present in a trial and place more trust in such evidence. In recent years, several true crime documentaries that examined controversial cases have been released. In a similar vein of research conducted on CSI, the current study examines true crime documentaries and their possible impacts on viewers’ judgments and beliefs about the criminal justice system. In the current study, participants were provided with a mock case and asked about their perceptions of the case along with their viewership habits. While overall true crime documentary viewership did not influence judgments of evidence manipulation or perceptions of police, findings point to viewership of the targeted documentaries being associated with feelings of mistrust towards the criminal justice system overall, while the lesser-viewed documentaries correlated with judgments of strength and responsibility of the defendant in the case. One possible explanation is that individual characteristics may serve as the driving factor in how individuals choose what to watch when the popularity of the show is not as well-known.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Psychology 2018
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Chang, Ally Ya-li, and 張雅麗. "False Justice and/or True Injustice!? The Contradictions of Binary Perceptions of the Contemporaneous Dualities in Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34913173873885738701.
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碩士輔仁大學
英國語文學系
95
The divine right of kingship, the king’s two bodies, and Machiavelli’s theories are three major streams of political conceptions in Renaissance England. In terms of the writing of Shakespeare’s play, there were three crucial incidents between 1602 to 1604, and all of them had a theme in common: kingship. The first incident was the publication of an English version of “Anti-Machiavel” in 1602; the second was “The Golden Speech of Queen Elizabeth”; the last was the two editions of King James VI of Scotland’s (later James I of England) Basilikon Doron. Measure for Measure is the first Jacobean play by Shakespeare, and this study is an attempt to set this play back into the context of its own time, the transitional period between the final days and the death of Queen Elizabeth and the coronation of King James in order to understand the conceptions of kingship and the connection to Machiavelli’s political theories in his writing The Prince, which is the foremost reference in this paper, to discuss the dynamics of the co-existence and contradictions of binary perceptions in Measure for Measure. This disguised-duke play explores that the indefinite environments shift viewpoints constituting the inequity between the ruling class and the ruled class, the conflict between personal interests and public interests, the discrepancy between the intention and the fact, the ambiguity between truth and deception, the inconsistency between the public performance and private ambition, the interdependence between cause and effect, and the paradox between justice and injustice.
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Chen, Hsiang-Chun, and 陳湘鈞. "Intelligent Signal Classifier for Brain Epileptic EEG Based on Decision Tree, Multilayer Perceptron and Over-Sampling Approach." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72557141263228467311.
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碩士國立中興大學
資訊管理學系所
104
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease induced by abnormal discharges of brain, it tends to experience recurrent unprovoked seizures. Seizures may lead to lose consciousness, uncontrollable muscle twitch and even possibly endanger one’s life. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a common tool used in the clinical diagnosis and analysis of epilepsy. However, the visual examination of EEG is time-consuming, and also subjective that may affects the diagnostic results. Therefore, the aim of this study is to construct an automatic classifier for the epileptic EEG signals. The CHB-MIT scalp EEG database that collected from the Children’s Hospital Boston is used in this study. It consists the EEG recording from the intractable seizures patients. The features of the EEG signals in time and frequency domains are collected from the results of the Fast Fourier transform. The synthetic minority over-sampling technique is used to solve the data imbalance problem. Four machine learning algorithms including C4.5, Classification and Regression Tree (CART), Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) are used in the classification. As a result, the accuracy rate of the proposed classifier is 99.48%. It might be a clinical assistant tool for doctors to make a more reliable and objective diagnosis.
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Romero, Antonio Miriam Esmaragda. "Pro-environmental behavior among Indonesian oil palm smallholders: Understanding perceptions, intentions and actions." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E559-4.
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De, Jager Frederick. "Rings of a Thundering Tree : evoking imagined sensory experience through imagery." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2542.
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The collection of sonnets Rings of a Thundering Tree (2000), by R.K. Belcher, is rich in metaphorical imagery; lending itself particularly well to textual analyses of imagined sensory perceptions. Although perspectives on or theories about metaphor can be deployed in such analyses, an imagined sense of sensory perception in itself theoretically frames the study of this poetic imagery.
In this regard, the titles of the sonnets within this collection and their themes, as well as the title of the collection and the theme of ”South African decay” (with which this title is linked), are explored with an emphasis on imagined sensory experiences.English Studies
M.A. (English)
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Silvestre, Martinho de Matos. "Three-stage ensemble model : reinforce predictive capacity without compromising interpretability." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/71588.
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Thesis proposal presented as partial requirement for obtaining the Master’s degree in Statistics and Information Management, with specialization in Risk Analysis and ManagementOver the last decade, several banks have developed models to quantify credit risk. In addition to the monitoring of the credit portfolio, these models also help deciding the acceptance of new contracts, assess customers profitability and define pricing strategy. The objective of this paper is to improve the approach in credit risk modeling, namely in scoring models to predict default events. To this end, we propose the development of a three-stage ensemble model that combines the results interpretability of the Scorecard with the predictive power of machine learning algorithms. The results show that ROC index improves 0.5%-0.7% and Accuracy 0%-1% considering the Scorecard as baseline.
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(9390080), Andrea N. Brennan. "A Multidisciplinary Approach to Restoration of Butternut (Juglans cinerea)." Thesis, 2020.
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Anthropogenically driven global change is disrupting ecosystems and habitats of many plant species, straining the ability of native species to survive and reproduce. The overarching goal of this research was to holistically work towards restoration of a threatened tree species by connecting research from different disciplines. In order to do so, the threatened butternut tree (Juglans cinerea) and its hybrids were used as a case study. Hybridization can incorporate stress tolerance in plants and could be a potential restoration tool. Evidence in some wild butternut populations indicates that naturalized hybrids of butternut with Japanese walnut (Juglans ailantifolia) may be more tolerant to butternut canker disease (BCD) than butternut, but this has not been formally tested. Thus, chapter 2 examined potential BCD tolerance within and between unadmixed and hybrid butternut inoculated with two BCD fungal isolates. Differences in canker growth were observed by fungal isolate, which could help to explain some differences in BCD severity found among butternut populations. Smaller and fewer cankers and greater genetic gains were detected in hybrid families, demonstrating that hybrids warrant further evaluation as a possible breeding tool for developing BCD-resistant butternut trees.
However, even with increased disease tolerance, hybrids must possess similar ecophysiological tolerances to their native progenitor to be an effective replacement. Butternut is extremely cold hardy, but Japanese walnuts are native to a warmer ecosystem, indicating potential disparities in extreme temperature tolerances between the two species and their hybrids. Thus, samples from mature trees were subjected to cold and heat treatments to compare relative extreme temperature tolerances within butternut and between butternut, Japanese walnut, and their hybrids. Within butternut, trees from colder areas exhibited less cold damage than those from warmer areas. Differences in heat damage among provenances occurred but did not follow a clear trend. Butternut exhibited greatest cold tolerance, Japanese walnut exhibited greatest heat tolerance, and hybrids were intermediate. Thus, the utility of hybrids for restoration could be limited at the extremes of the species’ distributions.
A second, but different type of freeze test was conducted for chapter 4 using seedlings to gain a more nuanced understanding of cold tolerance within butternut and between butternut and its hybrids. No survival or damage differences were detected in butternut provenances, although seedlings from the coldest provenances experienced more delayed budbreak at the two warmest treatments than those from warmer provenances. Interspecific differences were not observed in dieback but were detected in survival and budbreak. The hybrids had greater survival than butternut from warmer provenances at the lowest temperature treatment (-38 °C), but given that temperatures that low are extremely unlikely to occur in those provenances, it is not anticipated to give the hybrids an advantage if planted in those areas. However, the hybrids’ earlier budbreak could limit the success of restoration with these hybrids in the coldest extents of butternut’s range.
If hybrids, as well as genetically modified (GM) trees, are successfully developed for effective disease tolerance and to serve as an ecologically suitable replacement, success of restoration using hybrids will ultimately depend on those directly responsible for replanting efforts. A survey was administered to land managers in 46 organizations in Indiana to gauge perceptions of hybrid and GM trees, as well as current use of hybrid trees. Land managers had stronger concern for ecological, rather than economic, issues. Agreement was highest for using hybrid and GM trees for “conservation and restoration of at-risk species”, “timber production”, and “non-timber products (fruit, syrup, etc.)”. However, perceptions varied by characteristics, such as concern type, age, and the type of land they managed. Ecological concern and the type of land being managed most strongly predicted current hybrid use. Overall, results indicate the majority of land managers in Indiana would likely be agreeable to recommendations towards using hybrids. However, most nonetheless had strong ecological concerns about their suitability as a native replacement. It is important to note, though, that consistent with the results of previous studies, great variation was seen within the performance and characteristics of the butternut hybrids in chapters 2-4. Thus, it may be possible with careful selection and breeding to harness this variation to develop disease tolerant and ecologically similar hybrids acceptable to land managers.