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MATTE, J. J., N. LE FLOC’H, E. MOSNIER, and H. QUESNEL. "Des truies et des vitamines." INRAE Productions Animales 22, no. 1 (February 14, 2009): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2009.22.1.3324.
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Le manque et/ou la vétusté de l’information sur les vitamines chez la truie reproductrice est en décalage avec la sophistication des techniques d’élevage et des progrès génétiques considérables des performances de reproduction au cours des dernières décennies chez ces animaux. De plus, l’information disponible selon les vitamines est hétérogène. Tout cela est à l’origine d’un empirisme qui est bien illustré par la variabilité considérable des recommandations de différents organismes privés ou publics. Il ne s’agit plus, aujourd’hui, de prévenir les carences en vitamines dont le risque est nul en production animale mais plutôt de déterminer les niveaux optima pour la productivité des élevages. C’est un défi pour les prochaines années d’autant plus grand que les critères de productivité des élevages d’aujourd’hui sont en constante évolution, bien au-delà de la seule prolificité (survie, vigueur et robustesse des porcelets). Le rôle de certaines vitamines vis-à-vis de l’immunologie de la reproduction, la capacité antioxydante et la compétence immunitaire pourra contribuer à l’amélioration de ces nouveaux critères des performances de reproduction. En outre, il ne faut pas négliger la perception publique généralement positive envers les suppléments vitaminiques.
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BOLET, G. "Problèmes liés à l’accroissement de la productivité chez la lapine reproductrice." INRAE Productions Animales 11, no. 3 (June 3, 1998): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1998.11.3.3946.
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DOURMAD, J. Y., L. CANARIO, H. GILBERT, E. MERLOT, H. QUESNEL, and A. PRUNIER. "Évolution des performances et de la robustesse des animaux en élevage porcin." INRAE Productions Animales 23, no. 1 (February 8, 2010): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2010.23.1.3287.
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L’analyse de l’évolution des performances des élevages porcins français indique une amélioration nette de la productivité numérique des truies, sans qu’il y ait eu de détérioration de leur longévité, et bien que la mortalité des porcelets se soit légèrement accrue. Cette amélioration des performances s’explique à la fois par l’obtention de progrès génétiques et par la sophistication des pratiques d’élevage. La question est toutefois posée de la capacité des truies et des porcelets à faire face aux nombreux changements biologiques qui sous-tendent l’amélioration de ces performances. Chez la truie, on a ainsi pu identifier deux problèmes essentiels : la faiblesse des aplombs et la difficulté accrue des animaux à couvrir leurs besoins nutritionnels. Chez les porcelets, la question de la compétition pour les nutriments entre les individus d’une même portée, in utero et durant la lactation, se pose de façon marquée dans les grandes portées, conduisant à un accroissement de la variabilité du développement et de la mortalité. Les performances d’engraissement des porcs se sont également améliorées, mais on note toujours, pour certains caractères, un écart important entre les résultats des élevages et le potentiel génétique, ce qui semble indiquer des problèmes d’adaptation. La sensibilité des porcs aux maladies d’origine multifactorielle constitue sûrement aujourd’hui l’un des facteurs les plus limitants dans les élevages. En termes de perspectives, les questions liées à la robustesse doivent être appréhendées à la lumière des évolutions attendues des systèmes d’élevage et des réglementations. La recherche d’animaux plus autonomes, résistant mieux aux maladies et capables de valoriser des ressources alimentaires plus diversifiées et moins en compétition avec l’alimentation humaine, fait partie des pistes à envisager.
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DEPRÉS, E., and J. C. CARITEZ. "L’adoption du porcelet, aspects comportementaux et zootechniques." INRAE Productions Animales 4, no. 2 (May 31, 1991): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1991.4.2.4330.
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L’adoption en élevage intensif moderne est un moyen favorisant la maîtrise de la mortalité des nouveau-nés surnuméraires. Son importance économique est grande puisqu’elle concerne, dans certaines études, 5,6 % des porcelets nés vivants et 0,61 porcelet sevré par portée. Cette pratique est favorisée par la conduite en bandes, la synchronisation des mise bas et nécessaire avec l’apparition de types génétiques plus prolifiques et la nécessité d’améliorer la productivité numérique de l’élevage. En revanche, ses conséquences sont multiples et affectent particulièrement le comportement du nouveau- né transféré. Cependant, les pertes dues à ces perturbations comportementales sont faibles et l’effet le plus marqué se manifeste surtout sur les performances de croissance du porcelet jusqu’au sevrage et, dans une moindre mesure, jusqu’à l’abattage. Les effets défavorables de cette technique sur les performances de reproduction des truies adoptées sont, quant à eux, limités au taux de conception des nullipares, au nombre de porcelets nés totaux et au nombre de porcelets nés vivants. L’adoption conduit au nivellement de la taille de la portée en lactation autour d’un optimum variable suivant le type de truie. Elle semble ainsi compenser les effets défavorables d’une taille de portée excessive en lactation. La période d’intervention, le poids du porcelet transféré, sa vigueur, l’aptitude maternelle de la truie, représentent les principaux facteurs de variation et contribuent ainsi au succès de cette pratique.
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PELLICER-RUBIO, M. T., S. FERCHAUD, S. FRERET, H. TOURNADRE, A. FATET, S. BOULOT, J. PAVIE, B. LEBOEUF, and F. BOCQUIER. "Les méthodes de maîtrise de la reproduction disponibles chez les mammifères d’élevage et leur intérêt en agriculture biologique." INRAE Productions Animales 22, no. 3 (April 17, 2009): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2009.22.3.3352.
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La maîtrise de la reproduction contribue à optimiser la productivité de l’exploitation. La réglementation de la production biologique n’impose pas de conduite de reproduction spécifique, mais limite les pratiques autorisées parmi l’ensemble des stratégies disponibles pour les éleveurs. Les conséquences de ces limitations sont plus ou moins pénalisantes selon l’espèce animale considérée. Ainsi, l’interdiction des traitements hormonaux représente le principal obstacle pour la maîtrise de la reproduction en agriculture biologique (AB) chez les petits ruminants et les porcins.
La maîtrise de la saisonnalité de la reproduction est un objectif pour la plupart des éleveurs ovins et caprins. Dans ces deux espèces, la reproduction est possible tout au long de l’anoestrus saisonnier grâce à des traitements lumineux sans recours à la mélatonine, mais des difficultés de mise en œuvre font qu’ils sont aujourd’hui peu utilisés en AB.
En élevage conventionnel ovin et caprin, l’insémination artificielle (IA) est réalisée à un moment fixe après synchronisation hormonale des ovulations et sans détection d’oestrus. En AB, l’IA est autorisée sur chaleurs naturelles : cela implique la pratique systématique de la détection des chaleurs sur plusieurs jours pour identifier les femelles à inséminer. Pour cette raison, l’IA est très peu pratiquée en AB chez ces deux espèces. La synchronisation des ovulations par effet mâle est une alternative prometteuse pour simplifier les protocoles d’IA, facilitant l’accès des éleveurs AB aux schémas de sélection et donc la généralisation de cette pratique.
La conduite de reproduction la plus courante en élevage de porc conventionnel est dite en 7 bandes. La durée du cycle d’une bande est de 21 semaines dont 4 semaines d’allaitement. En AB, le règlement européen impose l’augmentation du temps d’allaitement des porcelets à 40 j minimum. En pratique, le sevrage a lieu à 42 j avec une conduite en 8 bandes, le cycle de reproduction s’étend donc à 23 semaines.
En AB comme en conventionnel, le sevrage est la principale méthode utilisée pour la synchronisation de l’oestrus des truies dans leur bande. L’efficacité de la conduite en bandes est toutefois pénalisée en AB par l’interdiction des traitements hormonaux, utilisés fréquemment en conventionnel pour intégrer les cochettes dans les bandes, pour recycler des femelles décalées ou pour prévenir des oestrus de lactation. Cependant, l’interdiction de l’utilisation d’hormones ne pénalise pas la pratique de l’IA car elle est réalisée sur oestrus naturels synchronisés par le sevrage chez la majorité des producteurs en AB et en élevage conventionnel. Chez les bovins, l’insémination est pratiquée de manière générale sur chaleurs naturelles. Lors de la mise à la reproduction, la mise en place de la semence est réalisée par insémination artificielle (majoritaire en élevage laitier) ou par monte naturelle (majoritaire en élevage allaitant). L’interdiction des traitements hormonaux d’induction et de synchronisation des chaleurs n’est donc pas pénalisante en AB par rapport à l’élevage conventionnel. La mise à la reproduction est possible toute l’année, avec des contraintes qui diffèrent selon les objectifs de production.
Les voies de recherche pour le développement de méthodes naturelles de maîtrise de la reproduction utilisables en AB sont très diverses, multidisciplinaires et souvent communes aux différentes espèces de mammifères d’élevage. L’INRA contribue fortement à l’amélioration des méthodes existantes et à leur adaptation aux contraintes d’élevage. Il s’implique également dans la conception et la validation de nouvelles approches de maîtrise de la reproduction sans hormones. Ce développement ne pourra connaître un véritable essor que dans le cadre d’une relation étroite entre la recherche finalisée et les professionnels.
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Mousavi, R., and R. Naghdi. "Time consumption and productivity analysis of timber trucking using two kinds of trucks in northern Iran." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 5 (May 30, 2013): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10/2013-jfs.
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Increasing productivity and reducing cost in long-distance transportation have become increasingly important in the logistics of forest harvesting operations. This paper presents the research results of the performance of loading with Volvo 4500 BM and timber trucking using two types of common trucks in the Nav watershed in Iran. Both trucks can carry logs shorter than 7.8 m in length. The study used a time study based on empirical data for loads collected from one procurement district in the Nav watershed. The models included the following explanatory factors: driving distance, number of logs, and load volume. The time consumption and productivity of loading and timber trucking depends on several variables such as volume and number of logs per cycle. To evaluate the current transportation system in the Nav watershed, the empirical time study was conducted. Since transportation includes several phases and since many factors affect the work performance, significant variation in the total transportation time was observed. This makes planning and cost accounting more difficult. The models developed in the study are a promising way to support route planning and optimization, and cost and profitability calculation for trucking entrepreneurs and the forest industry. The average productivity of log transportation was 2.84 and 3.4 m3·effective h–1 for the dump truck and chassis truck, respectively. The average hauling unit cost was 18 and 15 USD·m–3 in the dump truck and chassis truck, respectively.
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KHAZIN, Mark Leont’evich. "Autonomous mining dump trucks." NEWS of the Ural State Mining University 59, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2020-3-123-130.
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Research aim is to reduce the costs of a mining company and the number of accidents by increasing the efficiency of the use of equipment and eliminating the human factor. Research methodology: analysis of possible areas of application of autonomous mining dump trucks and problems associated with this process. Results. Mining is carried out in difficult mining conditions, which makes the presence of people in the working area of the quarry problematic. Mining companies are looking to cut costs and make jobs safer, especially in developed countries with high labor costs. The use of dump trucks with remote and autonomous control systems in open pits makes it possible to increase the safety and efficiency of open pit mining, reduce the influence of the human factor and increase the productivity of mining machines. While human drivers can do their job well, autonomous trucks can drive the exact route every time without getting bored, tired or resting. The car does not need clean air, good visibility and a lunch break. At the same time, mining autonomous dump trucks can be used in remote-controlled, semi-autonomous and autonomous modes, and the driver in them is replaced by a central controller and a local self-management system. The robot does not get tired and does not make mistakes, it can work 24 hours a day. Eliminating human error and regular training improves safety and increases the productivity of a mining operation. Such companies as BelAZ, Komatsu and Caterpillar are the leaders in the production of autonomous mining dump trucks. Conclusions. The introduction of autonomous transportation allows the mining company to actually reduce its operating costs. While autonomous technologies are still in their infancy, they continue to evolve. Complex solutions will be of great interest - centralized systems that allow working with a fleet of autonomous vehicles and other mining equipment. Therefore, this direction today is the most developing and promising, and the use of autonomous dump trucks in the mining industry is no longer a distant prospect, but a reality of today
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Kamyab, Alireza, Tom Maze, Mark Nelson, and Bill McCall. "Simulation Modeling of Electronic Screening at Weigh Stations." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1613, no. 1 (January 1998): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1613-08.
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Electronic screening of trucks before reaching points of regulatory compliance checks (typically, weigh stations) would allow for more efficient use of government resources while reducing travel time for motor carriers. A study was done of the effects of electronic screening on reducing travel time and enhancing productivity of the weigh station using a new simulation model. The model illustrates the impact of electronic screening on motor carrier travel time savings and weigh station productivity assuming various levels of transponder-equipped vehicles. The results indicate that as participation grows, enforcement agencies and participating (transponder-equipped) and nonparticipating trucks all share in the benefits afforded by a more efficient system.
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Gu, Qing Hua, Cai Wu Lu, and Shi Gun Jing. "The Automatic Transportation Management System of Trucks and Shovels in Open Pit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 39 (November 2010): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.39.347.
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In view of the request of trucks and shovels transportation automation and the characteristic of complex terrain in open pit, this paper introduces the current advanced RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) and GPRS(General Packet Radio Service). Using these technologies, the automatic transportation management system of trucks and shovels in open pit has been designed and developed. This system not only can count the number of trucks’ delivery and shovels’ loading automatically, but also can manage the vehicles’ transportation in open pit according to the ore proportioning plan. This greatly enhances the trucks and shovels working efficiency in open pit and provides the stable ore for mineral processing. Experiments on real scenes show that this system’s performance is stable, can satisfy production request in open pit and enhance the mine labor productivity greatly.
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Dubinkin, Dmitry, Alexander Kulpin, and Dmitry Stenin. "Justification of the Number and Type of Tire Size for a Dump Truck with a Lifting Capacity from 90 to 130 Tons." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017403015.
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The article substantiates the quantity and type of tire size for a dump truck with a carrying capacity from 90 to 130 tons. Types of tire sizes for dump trucks are given, as well as an analysis of applicable tires for dump trucks. An example of tire configuration for a dump truck is described, as well as the differences between projects and dump trucks with the traditional arrangement of large tires. The working productivity of large tires was cal- culated using the TKH “tons per kilometer per hour” technique. The general tasks that need to be addressed when designing a dump truck are highlighted. The conclusion is made on the relevance of the development of scientifically based approaches when designing dump trucks. The above data indicate that when surface mining, it is possible to solve the economic problem of reduc- ing the operating costs of transporting minerals by applying the proposed arrangement and number of large tires when designing new dump trucks, including robotic and unmanned ones.
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Dessouky, Yasser, H. S. Jacob Tsao, Minnie H. Patel, Joseph Benjamin Zeta, and Lihong Zhou. "A simulation study of the productivity of large trucks with shorter trailers." International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering 2, no. 3 (2007): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijise.2007.012462.
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Lee, Eul-Bum, C. William Ibbs, John T. Harvey, and Jeff R. Roesler. "Construction Productivity and Constraints for Concrete Pavement Rehabilitation in Urban Corridors." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1712, no. 1 (January 2000): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1712-02.
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A constructability analysis tool was developed to help the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) determine which rehabilitation and construction strategies were the most feasible in an urban environment to maximize production and minimize traffic delay. With the assistance of California concrete paving contractors, the constructability analysis explored the effects of the following parameters on the construction production of concrete pavement rehabilitation in California: pavement thickness, concrete material, curing time, number and capacity of resources, number of lanes to be paved, type of construction scheduling, and alternative lane closure strategies. The constructability analyses indicated that the proposed Caltrans strategy to rebuild 6 lane-km within a 55-h weekend closure period had a low probability of success. The analyses showed that the concrete curing time was not the most critical activity for the overall production. Material delivery resources, such as dump trucks for demolition and concrete delivery trucks, were the major constraints that limited production. An increase in the concrete slab thickness from 203 to 305 mm reduced the level of production by about 50 percent. A concurrent-construction working method was more productive than a sequential-construction working method. The number of lanes to be paved affected the production capability. Continuous closures were more productive and less inconvenient to the public than weekend-only closures.
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Stojaković, Maja, and Elen Twrdy. "The Influence of Yard Trucks on Berth Operations in Smaller Container Terminals." Pomorstvo 33, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.33.2.6.
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Nowadays smaller container terminals are facing an increase in traffic and ship sizes and are consequently subject to extreme pressure form ship-owners that require rapid and efficient transhipment operations in the port, the achievement of which is only possible with the assignment of the proper type and number of quay cranes to each ship and with a good level of synergy between the cranes and the transfer mechanisation. The latter has a significant impact on the cranes working and waiting times and affects the entirety of berth operations. Existing terminals that cannot afford to invest in new modern horizontal transport technologies are most commonly using yard trucks that provide less efficient port transfer operations. That is why in the paper a simulation approach has been used in order to determine how a different number of yard trucks assigned to a single quay crane can affect the productivity of that crane and the productivity of the whole berth subsystem.
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Schabowicz, Krzysztof, and Bozena Hola. "MATHEMATICAL‐NEURAL MODEL FOR ASSESSING PRODUCTIVITY OF EARTHMOVING MACHINERY." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2007): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2007.9636418.
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Many construction processes are carried out by machines working together and forming technological systems, eg earthmoving machinery made up of excavators and haulers (trucks). Productivity (W(N) ) is a key to valuate the process design purposes. The paper presents the results obtained by applying artificial neural networks to predict productivity (W(N),S ) for earthmoving machinery systems, consisting of c excavators and N haulers. Experimentally determined productivity values can form a standard basis for designing construction earthworks. Possessing the data set consisting of the technical parameters of earthmoving machinery systems and the corresponding productivities for different output hauling distances, one can train artificial neural networks and use subsequently for the reliable prediction of W(N),S .
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Czaplicki, J. M. "Productivity of the Shovel-Trucks System Based on an Analysis of Different Models." Mineral Resources Engineering 06, no. 03 (September 1997): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0950609897000127.
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Arango-Pastrana, Carlos Alberto. "A simulation model for the management for containers internal transport in a seaport." Cuadernos de Administración 35, no. 64 (June 20, 2019): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/cdea.v35i64.7705.
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This paper proposes a simulation model for the management of vehicles in charge of the internal transport of containers at a seaport. These vehicles are specialized trucks that must transport containers within the port to carry out activities such as inspections by customs authorities, loading and unloading to different modes of transport and storage. The main objective of this research is to propose a model that permits efficiently managing trucks by minimizing the empty journeys carried out by these vehicles. For this purpose, we propose a simulation model that considers three strategies that are called single, double and mixed cycles. The proposed model allowed to consider additional elements of the internal transport operation that affect the use of trucks, as well as different scenarios with traffic increases that allowed validating the robustness of the model. As a main result, the model allowed to determine the appropriate amount of trucks that must be allocated for each of the tasks, thus avoiding internal congestion and reducing the costs of using vehicles, as well as increasing the productivity of the machinery that complements the transport operations.
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Maghrebi, Mojtaba, Claude Sammut, and Travis S. Waller. "Predicting the Duration of Concrete Operations Via Artificial Neural Network and by Focusing on Supply Chain Parameters." Building Research Journal 61, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/brj-2014-0001.
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Abstract Being able to precisely predict the duration of concrete operations can help construction managers to organize sites and machineries more efficiently, especially when there is limited space for equipment on site. Currently there is no theoretical method for estimating the duration of the concrete pouring process. Normally, the maximum capacity of pumping facilities on construction sites is not used, and concrete pumps are idle for a considerable time as a result of the arrival of concrete trucks being delayed. In the light of this issue, this paper considers the supply chain parameters of Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) as a means of solving this problem. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is hired for modelling/predicting the productivity of a concrete operation. The proposed model is tested with a real database of an RMC in the Sydney metropolitan area that has 17 depots and around 200 trucks. Results show that there is an improvement in the achieved results when these are compared to the results of relevant studies that only considered the construction parameters for predicting the productivity of concrete operations
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Abreu, Marina Macedo de, and Alberto Casado Lordsleem Jr. "Aluminum formwork system: loss and productivity." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 9, no. 5 (November 11, 2019): 616–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-04-2018-0070.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish and evaluate the concrete loss and labor productivity (LP) indicators in the concreting step of aluminum formwork system (AFS) in construction in Brazil. The loss and productivity indicators are directed to a regional database (Pernambuco, Brazil). Design/methodology/approach Case study was selected as the most appropriate approach. The methodology included data collection in the construction project with 10 residential towers of 320 apartments, in the city of Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Brazil, throughout 82 concrete pouring days using 415 concrete mixer trucks, with a total of 2,582.50 m3 of concrete. Findings The findings identified an average concrete loss of 2.6 percent and the LP indicator varying between 0.15 and 0.97 WH/m3. It could be verified that the loss indicators were influenced mainly by the learning effect associated to the qualification of the labor. In addition, the productivity indicators were strongly influenced by delays at the beginning of the concrete pouring and by problems coming from the sequence of concrete supply. Originality/value LP indicators are still literature restricted, especially considering only the concreting step. The direct observations of this study allow the identification of factors that inhibit productivity. The comparison of indicators for the concreting service between the ASF and the conventional system attests to the speed, low cost and efficiency of the system studied in this paper.
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Dwiretnani, Annisaa, and Ilham Alfhito Putra. "Kajian Kebutuhan Alat Berat pada Pekerjaan Tanah Pembangunan Turap atau Pematangan Lahan Parkir Kecamatan Pelayangan Seberang Kota Jambi." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 19, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v19i2.686.
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Heavy equipment commonly used in construction projects are Dump trucks, excavators, dozers, soil compactors such as rollers and compactors. The purpose of using these heavy equipment is to make it easier for people to do the work so that the expected results can be achieved more easily in a relatively shorter time and as a reference to find out the needs of the equipment used in the work location whether or not they are needed (Aoliya, 2017). In the pavement / ripening development project Pelayangan sub-district parking lot across the city of Jambi the heavy equipment used is; excavators, dump trucks and dozers. The project which began in June 2017 was completed in December 2017. Based on observations of researchers in the field for the use of 2 (two) pieces of excavator used, 1 (one) dozer, and 20 (twenty) dump trucks. The use of heavy equipment used in the field is not yet known optimal productivity. An analysis of the calculation of the needs of heavy equipment is needed in the construction project of the pavement / ripening of the parking area of Pelayangan Seberang Subdistrict, Jambi City. This study consists of several stages, namely calculating the production capacity of each heavy equipment, calculating the value of productivity, then calculating the number of each tool needed, and in the final stage comparing the number of tools analyzed according to calculations with the number of tools in the field.
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Chun, Chang-Sub, and Seung-Mo Kim. "A Study on Statistical Methods for Prediction of Service Life of Fire Trucks." Fire Science and Engineering 35, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.7d557484.
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The current methods of calculating the economic productivity of fire pumpers reduce the value of the vehicle based on its lifetime use. However, it is reasonable to base the service time of a fire pumper on its original function. In this study, we proposed the use of the functional approach to determine the productivity of fire pumpers as opposed to the use of the economic approach. The Korea Fire Institute is a professional institution that inspected 342 fire pumpers in 2019. In all, 102 pumpers were found to be malfunctioning. The number was modified to 100 cases considering the production date and results of statistical analysis. Next, we determined a mean time to failure (MTTF) of 7.65 years based on the service time data using Weibull distribution; this MTTF is 2.35 years shorter than the current mean service time of the pumpers, so this study selected a reasonable service time of 8 years for a pumper.
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Hubbard, Thomas N. "Information, Decisions, and Productivity: On-Board Computers and Capacity Utilization in Trucking." American Economic Review 93, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 1328–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803769206322.
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Productivity reflects not only how efficiently inputs are transformed into outputs, but also how well information is applied to resource allocation decisions. This paper examines how information technology has affected capacity utilization in the trucking industry. Estimates for 1997 indicate that advanced on-board computers (OBCs) have increased capacity utilization among adopting trucks by 13 percent. These increases are higher than for 1992, suggesting lags in the returns to adoption, and are highly skewed across hauls. The 1997 estimates imply that OBCs have enabled 3-percent higher capacity utilization in the industry, which translates to billions of dollars of annual benefits.
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Anestina, Agboje Ifeoma, Adeoti Adetola, and Irhivben Bright Odafe. "Performance Assessment of Solid Waste Management following Private Partnership Operations in Lagos State, Nigeria." Journal of Waste Management 2014 (April 17, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/868072.
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The strategy of delivering modern, high quality public services and promoting competition in the waste management sector leads to formation of private sector participation (PSP) to handle solid waste management in Lagos State. The findings depict that quality of service among the PSP operators recorded high success in the high income areas than those of the low and medium income areas. On the average, industry productivity was 6.63 tonnes per day per vehicle. 18 out of 30 companies in the study area were above this average and in meeting increased productivity, year of experience in operations, number of trips made, number of times trucks were serviced, and adhering to regulatory agency requirement were among the factors influencing company’s productivity in the state. The study, therefore, recommends that regulatory agency should be more aggressive in playing its statutory roles of managing the PSP operators.
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Dutta, Arindam, Elena Steiner, Jeffrey Proulx, Visar Berisha, Daniel W. Bliss, Scott Poole, and Steven Corman. "Analyzing the relationship between productivity and human communication in an organizational setting." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): e0250301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250301.
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Though it is often taken as a truism that communication contributes to organizational productivity, there are surprisingly few empirical studies documenting a relationship between observable interaction and productivity. This is because comprehensive, direct observation of communication in organizational settings is notoriously difficult. In this paper, we report a method for extracting network and speech characteristics data from audio recordings of participants talking with each other in real time. We use this method to analyze communication and productivity data from seventy-nine employees working within a software engineering organization who had their speech recorded during working hours for a period of approximately 3 years. From the speech data, we infer when any two individuals are talking to each other and use this information to construct a communication graph for the organization for each week. We use the spectral and temporal characteristics of the produced speech and the structure of the resultant communication graphs to predict the productivity of the group, as measured by the number of lines of code produced. The results indicate that the most important speech and network features for predicting productivity include those that measure the number of unique people interacting within the organization, the frequency of interactions, and the topology of the communication network.
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Kurganov, V., M. Gryaznov, and S. Kolobanov. "Assessment of operational reliability of quarry excavator-dump truck complexes." Journal of Mining Institute 241 (February 25, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2020.1.10.
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The method proposed in the article is based on the mathematical apparatus for quantitative assessment of the reliability of majority schemes of structural redundancy of transport processes, which provide the availability and usage of several backup delivery channels in the transport process in case of any malfunction. The principle of multi-channel haulage is commonly used in quarries for transportation of overburden and minerals from benches by dump trucks, when excavators and dump trucks performing cyclic operations function as a single excavator-dump truck complex. This pattern of work significantly increases the likelihood of fulfilling the daily plan for transporting rock mass due to the redistribution of dump trucks between mining and overburden excavators in the event of failure of one or more units of mining and handling equipment.The reliability of excavator-dump truck complexes is assessed in three stages: initial data collection for mathematical modeling of excavator-dump truck complex performance; solving the problem of optimizing the distribution of dump trucks between excavators, ensuring maximum productivity of the excavator-dump truck complex; assessment of the reliability of its work depending on the probability of fulfilling the daily plan for the transportation of rock mass.The proposed method is implemented as part of a computer program and makes it possible to automate the operational management of the process of transporting rock mass in a quarry using a mobile application. The developed guidelines can be used for any quarries with automobile transport, regardless of the type of mineral extracted, the mining method, the loading pattern, the capacity of the excavation and loading equipment fleet, and the capacity of operated dump trucks.
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Azev, D. V. "OPTIMAL UTILIZATION OF CAPACITY - A WAY TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND MAINTAIN EFFICIENCY OF BELAZ DUMP TRUCKS." MINING INFORMATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL BULLETIN 12, no. 39 (2017): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2017-12-39-143-148.
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Kudrevatykh, Andrey, Andrey Ashcheulov, Alena Ashcheulova, and Kumis Urazbaeva. "Comparative Analysis of Gearboxes Wear in Excavators and Mining Trucks." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 03017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017403017.
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The primary task of all enterprises in mining industry is to increase the durability and reliability of the mining complex. These very indicators provide nonstop minerals mining, and as a result, productivity increases. Indicators maintaining at high level can be achieved by different ways, but the most effective method is repair-in-place diagnosis of the actual technical condition of the main units and assemblies of equipment, as it is less costly and the most informative. To identify gear malfunctions, the physical and chemical analysis of the used oil is used to determine metallic impurities. A comparative analysis of wear products accumulation in rotary gears of mining excavators and gearboxes of the motor-wheel of dump trucks revealed the similarity of mathematical models for the determination of metallic impurities in used oil. The “universal” mathematical model is given in the paper; it allows to determine the actual technical condition of gearboxes for various equipment with a few assumptions. Moreover, the model takes into account various indicators of the environment, used oil, as well as the operating parameters of the equipment.
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Legault, C., MC Gauthier, JC Caritez, and H. Lagant. "Analyse expérimentale de l'influence de l'âge à la première mise bas et du type génétique sur la productivité de la truie." Annales de Zootechnie 45, no. 1 (1996): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:19960106.
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Noorvand, Hossein, Guru Karnati, and B. Shane Underwood. "Autonomous Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2640, no. 1 (January 2017): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2640-03.
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With ongoing technological improvements and research in the field of autonomous vehicles, it is becoming evident that the technology has the potential to substantially affect the transportation sector. Although the potential benefits with respect to productivity increases, cost decreases, and safety are evident, the potential for these vehicles to negatively or positively affect the transportation infrastructure is unclear. In this study, the influence of truck loadings positioning on the long-term performance of transportation infrastructure was estimated by carrying out performance simulations of pavement structures. Scenarios considering both full and partial use by autonomous trucks were considered. In all cases, performance was estimated with respect to rutting, fatigue cracking, and overall pavement smoothness, and the results were compiled in terms of reduced pavement thickness. It was found that if controlled appropriately, autonomous trucks could be highly beneficial for the pavement infrastructure design, and they would be most effective when they represented more than 50% of the total truck traffic. It was also found that in the absence of appropriate control, specifically by repeatedly positioning trucks in the same location, the amount of damage could be highly detrimental, and noticeable influences may occur at autonomous truck volumes as low as 10%.
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Hashemi, Ali Saadatmand, and Javad Sattarvand. "Simulation Based Investigation of Different Fleet Management Paradigms in Open Pit Mines-A Case Study of Sungun Copper Mine / Symulacje I Badania Różnych Paradygmatów Wykorzystania Floty Pojazdów I Urządzeń W Kopalniach Odkrywkowych. Studium Przypadku: Kopalnia Miedzi W Sungun." Archives of Mining Sciences 60, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amsc-2015-0013.
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Abstract Using simulation modeling, different management systems of the open pit mining equipment including non-dispatching, dispatching and blending solutions have been studied for the Sungun copper mine. Developed model has the capability of considering detailed features of both loading and hauling equipment. Productivity assessment scenarios have been established on the constructed model and the outputs revealed the noteworthy impact of the match factor of the trucks to the loaders on the production rate by over 40%. A dispatching simulation model with the objective function of minimizing truck waiting times have been developed and 7.8% improvement obtained by applying a flexible assignment of the trucks for the loaders compared to the fixed assignment system. Finally ore grade blending control unit has been introduced into the model. Getting the advantages of the newly added module it became possible to monitor the portion of material excavated from different operating benches and control truck dispatching rules for keeping the overall ore grade exactly at desired value.
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Rodovalho, Edmo da Cunha, and Ivo Eyer Cabral. "Estimate of hourly productivity applied to elaboration and implementation of mining plans." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 67, no. 2 (June 2014): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0370-44672014000200015.
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In order to elaborate a mine plan, it is necessary to adopt hourly production parameters for the equipment available for its execution. This equipment should be in synchrony with the productive capacity of the operational units in the mine for: rock drilling, blasting, loading and transporting ore. This study deals with the estimate of hourly production indexes for loading and transport obtained by the use of multiple regressions. Using a management system database from an operating mine, equations were generated to explain the productive cycle of each of the loading machines and dump trucks. Knowing the behavior of the principle variables that exert influence on the production schedule, it was possible to estimate the index and to guarantee high feasibility for the mine plan, considering the indexes obtained were very close to those executed. The model design was created in a simple manner, using statistical concepts and computational tools, being supported by good correlation between the variables. This factor was decisive in obtaining good results in the execution of the studied mining plan.
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Munyadzwe, Desmond B., Nonduduzo B. Mamba, and Raymond Sogna Suglo. "Evaluating Productivity Management of Materials Handling System at Mempeasem Gold Mine." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 8 (August 31, 2020): 948–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.8.1991.
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Productivity management in materials handling is critical to mining operations. Most open pit mines use modular dispatch systems to control and monitor the movement of their materials handling equipment and operations. Statistical methods can be used on the data collected by the dispatch systems to identify major losses in time, tonnage and finances in productivity management. In this study, three ranking methods (a base case and two modified ranking methods) were used to evaluate the significance of the deviation and correlation parameters in productivity losses. A load and haul productivity loss ranking model was developed using data obtained from Mempeasem Gold Mine’s from January to October 2018 and tested with data obtained in November 2018. The results show that the ranking model can be used in the analysis of production data over any period of time and that the model is applicable in the analysis of the performance of all types of discrete load and haul equipment (trucks and excavators), either operating individually or in combination. The ranking based on deviation values is useful for comparative purposes. However, the ranking based on reduced values is more useful in decision making processes as it enables mine operators to take mitigation measures according to the level of priority of each item. Decision makers could also use the suggested colour coding for easy identification of the priority losses.
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Holguin-Veras, José, David Sackey, Sajjad Hussain, and Victor Ochieng. "Economic and Financial Feasibility of Truck Toll Lanes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1833, no. 1 (January 2003): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1833-09.
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The economic and financial feasibility of heavy-truck toll lanes was analyzed. This research expanded the line of inquiry of previous researchers by analyzing toll lanes for exclusive use by heavy trucks (i.e., large size and capacity). Implementation of such a toll system was studied relative to productivity changes, toll-lane fees, users' travel time and vehicle operating cost savings, and impact on infrastructure costs. The economic benefits were estimated using the Highway Design and Maintenance Standards Model developed by the World Bank. The analyses, complemented with sensitivity analyses of key variables, indicate that heavy-truck lanes are economically and financially viable.
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Allman, Michal, Zuzana Dudáková, Martin Jankovský, and Ján Merganič. "Operational Parameters of Logging Trucks Working in Mountainous Terrains of the Western Carpathians." Forests 12, no. 6 (May 31, 2021): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060718.
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Timber haulage is the last phase of the raw timber production process, necessary to transport timber to the customer. To improve the efficiency of logging truck operations, it is necessary to observe and assess several operational parameters through the electronic systems installed on the logging trucks. Measurements for this study were conducted for three logging truck types, which hauled 24,648 m3 of timber over 54,857 km and 1232 round trips. The RMC system was used for truck monitoring, equipped with a CAP04 capacitance sensor and a WGS 48 GPS module. The monitoring was continuous, lasting 27 to 74 weeks. Data acquired were evaluated via regression and correlation analyses and ANOVA. The results showed a moderately strong negative correlation between haulage productivity and haulage distance, ranging from r = −0.47 to r = −0.68. Simultaneously, a rather low efficiency of timber haulage was found for long-range haulage caused by legislation-based small utilization of the load-carrying capacity of the logging trucks. This showed in increased fuel consumption per production unit (2.01 Lm−3) as well as increased carbon emissions production (5.54 kg m−3).
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Harmon, Joshua D., Brian D. Luck, Kevin J. Shinners, Robert P. Anex, and Jessica L. Drewry. "Time-Motion Analysis of Forage Harvest: A Case Study." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 2 (2018): 483–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12484.
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Abstract. Forage harvest is a time and energy intensive process requiring the coordination of multiple pieces of equipment. Detailed characterizations of the time spent in each work state for each piece of equipment would increase the understanding of process inefficiencies and aid in development of optimization tools. Geospatial and controller area network (CAN) machine data were recorded on forage harvesters and transport equipment, during two types of harvest operations, to quantify utilization of harvesters and transports as well as transport productivity. The data collection and processing method was successful in identifying work states for forage harvesters and transports. The results indicated that overall utilization of the harvester for harvesting was 61% and dependent on transport availability. The portion of total operational time spent in the idle work state (idle utilization) was 10% to 20% for transports and 18% to 23% for harvesters. A new metric for transport productivity was developed and found to be highly dependent on transport capacity ranging from 125 to 49 Mg km h-1 for semi-trucks and smaller transports, respectively. The proposed data collection methods and productivity metrics could be used to optimize the forage harvest process to reduce idle time and maintain crop quality. Keywords: Controller area network, Cycle analysis, Forage harvester, Global positioning system.
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CHARUEST, JEAN-PIERRE, SYLVAIN PAGE, and JACQUES J. DUFOUR. "EFFET DU RÉGIME LUMINEUX IMPOSÉ DURANT LA GESTATION ET LA LACTATION SUR LES PERFORMANCES REPRODUCTIVES DES TRUIES À LEURS QUATRE PREMIERES PORTÉES." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, no. 4 (December 1, 1988): 1015–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas88-116.
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During a 3-yr period, 902 Landrace-Yorkshire gilts were randomly assigned to a 4 h light: 20 h dark (4) or a 16 h light: 8 h dark (16) photoperiod as they entered the reproductive herd at an average age of 225 ± 15 d. The two light regimens were maintained throughout gestation (G) until 1 wk prior to farrowing. For the lactation period (L) the gilts were either maintained on the same light regimen as during gestation or switched to the opposite one before being returned at weaning to the light regimen imposed during gestation. Four light regimens were then formed, namely G4-L4, G4-L16, G16-L4 and G16-L16, and the practical consequences of such light regimens evaluated in a commercial herd. Conception rate at first service, age at first farrowing and litter size in gilts were not influenced by light regimens. At first weaning, more sows in the L16 groups failed to be bred by 32 d postweaning (P < 0.08) while at second and third weanings only a few sows on either light regimen failed to be bred. The proportion of sows bred between days 4–7 postweaning was higher for the G4-L4 and G16-L16 light regimens in first, second and third sows (P < 0.03, 0.02 and 0.06 respectively). Litter size at second farrowing was greater in sows of the G16-L4 regimen than in any other one (P < 0.03) but was similar in all groups at third and fourth farrowings. These data indicate that alternation of light regimens between gestation and lactation increases the weaning-estrus interval while a G16-L4 sequence improves conception rate and litter size of second parity sows. Key words: Swine, photoperiod, productivity, physiological stage, parity
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Ali, Ali, and Mohd Prieska. "IMPROVEMENT PRODUKSI CRUSHER DENGAN METODE DOUBLE DUMP CRUSHER FC01 DAN FC02 PT. MIFA BERSAUDARA." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.48.
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ABSTRAK PT. Mifa Bersaudara sesuai dengan rencana produksi pada tahun 2018 akan melakukan coal sales sebesar 5 Juta Ton. Dengan target sales yang besar tentunya di butuhkan support yang besar dari unit-unit produksi. Maka dari itu unit operasional coal getting yang menggunakan OHT pada tahun 2017 diganti menjadi 30T class dengan jumlah yang lebih banyak. Akibat peningkatan produksi pada tahun 2018, perlu dilakukan improvement pada crusher FC01 dan FC02. Crusher FC01 dengan kapasitas produksi 750 tph dengan actual average year to date pada tahun 2017 hanya sebesar 342 tph dan FC02 dengan kapasitas produksi 450 tph dengan actual year to date hanya sebesar 350 tph. Ada beberapa parameter yang mempengarui productivity crusher FC01 dan FC02 yang tidak tercapai, yaitu feeding batubara yang masih kurang dan jarak waktu dumping antar hauler yang masih besar. Untuk meningkatkan productivity crusher FC01 dan crusher FC02 perlu dilakukan re-engineering pada area hopper agar dapat menerima feeding yang lebih besar dan perbaikan area manuver agar dapat diterapkan metode double dump. Langkah yang diambil yaitu dengan penambahan wings pada area hopper crusher FC01 dan penambahan stopper pada hopper crusher FC02 agar dapat dilakukan teknik double dump untuk meningkatkan productivity masing-masing crusher. Hasil dari project ini yaitu adanya perubahan area manuver di area dumping hopper FC01 dan FC02 yang menghabiskan biaya sebesar Rp196.215.000,00 dan terdapat perbaikan pada area hopper FC01 dengan menambahkan wings pada sisi kiri dan kanan hopper serta penambahan stopper pada area hopper FC02 yang menghabiskan biaya sebesar Rp166.140.000,00 dengan total keseluruhan biaya sebesar Rp362.355.000,00. Setelah diterapkan metode double dump pada crusher FC01 dan FC02, productivity crusher FC01 meningkat menjadi 500 tph dan FC02 meningkat menjadi 354 tph dengan total proyeksi revenue yang didapat pada akhir tahun 2018 sebesar $36,672,864. Kata kunci : crusher, double dump, productivity, cost ABSTRACT PT. Mifa Bersaudara in 2018 planned to conduct 5 million tons of coal sales. With a large sales target, a good support from the production units is a must. Therefore, the coal getting operation that used to utilize Off High Way Trucks (OHT) in 2017 replaced those units with 30T class trucks with more units. As a result of increased production plan in 2018, improvements for the FC01 and FC02 crushers need to be done. FC01 crusher has a production capacity of 750 tph with an actual year to date in 2017 averaged in 342 tph. FC02 with a production capacity of 450 tph with an actual year to date figure averaged in 350 tph. There are several parameters that affect the productivity of the FC01 and FC02 crushers. Some of the parameters have not been achieved, such as the lack of coal feeding and long-time dumping intervals between each hauler. In order to increase the productivity of FC01 crushers and FC02 crushers it is necessary to re-engineer the hopper area so that it can receive greater feeding and improve the maneuver area to apply double dump technique. The next step was to re-engineer the hopper with the addition of wings to the FC01 crusher's hopper area and addition of stopper to the FC02 crusher's hopper so that a double dump technique can be used to increase the productivity of each crusher. The results of maneuver area improvement are the wider maneuvering dumping area in the FC01 and FC02. This stage costs Rp196.215.000,00 . The second stage which is the addition of wings on the left and right sides of the hopper and adding stopper in the FC02 hopper area costs Rp166.140.000,00 and the total of costs Rp362.355.000,00 . After the double dump method was applied to the FC01 and FC02 crushers, the FC01 crusher productivity increased to 500 tph and FC02 increased to 354 tph with a total revenue projection obtained at the end of 2018 of $36,672,864. Keyword : crusher, double dump, productivity, cost
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Vahrenkamp, Richard. "The Dream of Large-Scale Truck Transport Enterprises — Outsourcing Experiments in the German Democratic Republic, 1957–80." Journal of Transport History 36, no. 1 (June 2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.36.1.2.
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Under state socialist economic policy, the concept of large-scale factories played an important role. The assumption was that large productivity gains would result from large-scale organisation and so large-scale concepts were also applied to the transport sector. Thirty years before Western management started outsourcing truck transportation from their factories, from 1957 state socialist traffic policy in the German Democratic Republic pulled truck fleets out of nationally owned enterprises, concentrating them into large and dedicated transport service enterprises. As this policy did not increase productivity, it was partly revised in the 1960s. The centralisation policy was unsuccessful because state-owned enterprises struggled against the state socialist transport department to keep the fleets they needed to conduct business. Conflicts between the state socialist ideology of centralisation and the operational needs of transportation within commerce, construction and industry took on many forms. For example the enterprises transferred only old trucks to the service companies. The paper shows that the theorem of the ‘economies of scale’ that was derived in the process industries does not apply in the transportation trade.
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Yoshida and Takata. "Uncertainty Simulation of Wood Chipping Operation for Bioenergy Based on Queuing Theory." Forests 10, no. 9 (September 19, 2019): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090822.
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Managing uncertainty is the way to secure stability of the supply chain. Uncertainty within chipping operation and chip transportation causes production loss. In the wood chip supply chain for bioenergy, operational uncertainty mainly appears in the moisture content of the material, chipping productivity, and the interval of truck arrival. This study theoretically quantified the loss in wood chip production by applying queuing theory and stochastic modelling. As well as the loss in production, the inefficiency was identified as the idling time of chipper and the queuing time of trucks. The aim of this study is to quantify the influence of three uncertainties on wood chip production. This study simulated the daily chip production using a mobile chipper by applying queuing theory and stochastic modelling of three uncertainties. The result was compared with the result of deterministic simulation which did not consider uncertainty. Uncertainty reduced the production by 14% to 27% compared to the production of deterministic simulation. There were trucks scheduled but not used. The cases using small trucks show the largest daily production amount, but their lead time was the longest. The large truck was sensitive to the moisture content of material because of the balance between payload and volumetric capacity. This simulation method can present a possible loss in production amount and enables to evaluate some ways for the loss compensation quantitatively such as outsourcing or storing buffer. For further development, the data about the interval of truck arrival should be collected from fields and analyzed. We must include the other uncertainties causing technical and operator delays.
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Santa Fermana, Jesica, Emy Sadjati, and Muhammad Ikhwan. "ANALISIS BIAYA PEMANENAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS PRODUKSI KAYU EKALIPTUS (STUDI KASUS: HPHTI PT.PSPI DISTRIK PETAPAHAN)." Wahana Forestra: Jurnal Kehutanan 14, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/forestra.v14i2.3516.
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Industrial plantations are production forests that have monoculture species (1 species), which take up to 5 years to be ready for harvest. Before harvesting, activities are carried out it is necessary to analyze the cost of harvesting,where the aim is to find out the magnitude of the profits obtained by the company. The purpose of this study is to analyze the cost of harvesting and analyze the productivity of wood from harvesting activities at HPHTI PT. PSPI Petapahan District. This research was conducted in May - June 2019. The sampling method in this study used a purposive sampling system. Based on the results of research conducted at PT. PSPI Petapahan District, the production costs for harvesting are activity are obtained, the amount of costs for felling and dividing the stems of IDR 27.235/hour, the costs for stacking IDR 200.584/hour, costs for stripping bark of IDR 203.991/hour, costs for skidding IDR 204.091/hour, the fee for loading and unloading skid is IDR 200.584/hour and the cost for loading to truck is IDR 200.584/hour. While harvesting productivity for each activity is felling productivity of 20,97 m3/hour, division of stems of 35,25 m3/hour, stacking of 21,10 m3/hour, stripping bark of 39,50 m3/hour, skidding of wood by 21,23 m3/hour, skid loading and unloading of 49,61 m3/hour and loading to trucks of 12,40 m3/hour.
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Liu, Quan, Chen Feng, Zida Song, Joseph Louis, and Jian Zhou. "Deep Learning Model Comparison for Vision-Based Classification of Full/Empty-Load Trucks in Earthmoving Operations." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (November 14, 2019): 4871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224871.
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Earthmoving is an integral civil engineering operation of significance, and tracking its productivity requires the statistics of loads moved by dump trucks. Since current truck loads’ statistics methods are laborious, costly, and limited in application, this paper presents the framework of a novel, automated, non-contact field earthmoving quantity statistics (FEQS) for projects with large earthmoving demands that use uniform and uncovered trucks. The proposed FEQS framework utilizes field surveillance systems and adopts vision-based deep learning for full/empty-load truck classification as the core work. Since convolutional neural network (CNN) and its transfer learning (TL) forms are popular vision-based deep learning models and numerous in type, a comparison study is conducted to test the framework’s core work feasibility and evaluate the performance of different deep learning models in implementation. The comparison study involved 12 CNN or CNN-TL models in full/empty-load truck classification, and the results revealed that while several provided satisfactory performance, the VGG16-FineTune provided the optimal performance. This proved the core work feasibility of the proposed FEQS framework. Further discussion provides model choice suggestions that CNN-TL models are more feasible than CNN prototypes, and models that adopt different TL methods have advantages in either working accuracy or speed for different tasks.
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Adi, Taufik Nur, Yelita Anggiane Iskandar, and Hyerim Bae. "Interterminal Truck Routing Optimization Using Deep Reinforcement Learning." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 13, 2020): 5794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205794.
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The continued growth of the volume of global containerized transport necessitates that most of the major ports in the world improve port productivity by investing in more interconnected terminals. The development of the multiterminal system escalates the complexity of the container transport process and increases the demand for container exchange between different terminals within a port, known as interterminal transport (ITT). Trucks are still the primary modes of freight transportation to transport containers among most terminals. A trucking company needs to consider proper truck routing planning because, based on several studies, it played an essential role in coordinating ITT flows. Furthermore, optimal truck routing in the context of ITT significantly affects port productivity and efficiency. The study of deep reinforcement learning in truck routing optimization is still limited. In this study, we propose deep reinforcement learning to provide truck routes of a given container transport order by considering several significant factors such as order origin, destination, time window, and due date. To assess its performance, we compared between the proposed method and two approaches that are used to solve truck routing problems. The experiment results showed that the proposed method obtains considerably better results compared to the other algorithms.
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Firmansyah, Rahmat, Misliah Idrus, and Andi Sitti Chaerunnisa. "Analisa Kapasitas Pelayanan Kegiatan Bongkar Muat Kapal Barang di Pelabuhan Maccini Baji." Jurnal Penelitian Enjiniring 23, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25042/jpe.112019.09.
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Capacity Analysis of cargo ship loading and unloading services activities at the Maccini Baji Port. This study aimed to describe the Capacity Analysis of cargo ship loading and unloading services activities at the Maccini Baji Port, (1) How Baji Maccini port productivity based on number of loading and unloading cargo, (2) Factors that affect the productivity at the port Maccini Baji, and (3) What advice and recommendations on productivity Maccini port Baji. Stages of the data analysis are: (a) Identify the relationship between the amount of cargo and truck fleet size, the amount of cargo and service time, the amount of cargo and the number of workers unloading; (b) Perform forecasting the amount of cargo to medium term; (c) Count the number of truck fleet needs, service time, and the number of workers unloading based on the equation in the first step, based on the results of load forecasting; (d) Compare the service charge using the launch system and by using a mobile crane. The results showed that, the amount of service time available for 5,610 hours/year, truck payload capacity of 49,500 tons/year, and the number of loading and unloading labor (labor) of 9,900 people/year. Projections charge in 2020 amounted to 106,632 tonnes, for the medium term (2024) amounted to 292,291, and for the long term (2029) amounted to 858,913. Total fleet needs (truck) for a long term (10 years) as many as 28,764 trucks / year.
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Maghrebi, Mojtaba, Meysam Ebrahiminejad, and Eghbal Shakeri. "A STUDY OF THE CONCEPT OF DYNAMIC EQUIPMENT IN THE EARTHMOVING PROCESS BY A CONSIDERATION OF TIME, COST AND EMISSIONS." Journal of Green Building 8, no. 3 (July 2013): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.8.3.156.
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The earthmoving process is usually handled by a combination of multi-functional excavators and delivery trucks. According to the principles of excavation, a specific machine is selected to dig the earth. Sometimes, due to the difficulties in the process, the digging process is split between different machines with different capabilities. This paper aims to introduce the concept of dynamic equipment for allocating different tasks in an operation to a machine. This concept is discussed and modelled via a discrete-event simulation method and is tested in a real earthmoving operation from three different perspectives: time, cost and emission. The results from the case study show that the use of dynamic equipment will lead to a decrease in cost and emissions and an increase in productivity.
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Tyurin, Alexey, and Adrian Stoianov. "Improving the Mining Enterprise Productivity Based on Probabilistic Nature of the Solid Minerals Extraction and Transportation." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910501038.
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Reducing costs in the extraction and transportation of solid minerals is an urgent task. To solve it, the article proposes the use of a systematic approach to consider the features of planning the operation of motor vehicles in conditions of coal mine functioning uncertainty. The account of the uneven operation of mining, transport units and complexes for processing and loading coal into railroad cars allows you to identify the shortcomings in the work of the entire enterprise and reduce resources use at the planned production level. On the example of the Kemerovo region LLC «Razrez Pervomaisky» in the article the model of the excavator-automobile complex work planning is considered taking into account the dynamics of production and transport areas resources use. The use of random data makes it possible to flexibly redistribute vehicles along the routes of transportation and minimize the costs associated with the operation of dump trucks and excavators. The proposed methodology for planning the work of the excavator-automobile complex will allow to level the work and optimize the resources of all sections of the coal mine. The application of the proposed methods will free up unnecessary resources of the coal mine and redirect them to the needy facilities.
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HASYIM, HASYIM, I. GEDE PUTU WARKA, and CAHYA PURI ARIATI. "ANALISA PRODUKTIVITAS DAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL ALAT BERAT PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN STREET-RACE CIRCUIT MANDALIKA." GANEC SWARA 15, no. 1 (March 6, 2021): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.35327/gara.v15i1.183.
Full textAbstract:
The Mandalika circuit project is a large-scale construction project built in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Central Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). The 4.31 kilometer racetrack will have 19 bends, so it requires heavy equipment to improve the quality production and increase project efficiency. The analysis conducted to obtain the hourly productivity, operating cost, income and profit of excavators, dump trucks, motor grader, vibrator roller, and water tanker used in the worksite of Mandalika circuit. The hourly productivity for structural cut with a depth of 2 to 4 meter of excavator is 17.778 m3/h and dump truck 11.755 m3/h. The excavator production for stockpiling from excavated sources is 30.521 m3/h, dump truck 13.171 m 3/h, motor graders 1839.780 m 3 /h, vibrator roller 90.414 m 3 /h and water tankers truck 71,142 m 3/h. Motor grader production for road body preparation work is 362,222 m3/h, vibrator roller 126,851 m3/h and water tanker truck 62,250 m3/h. The hourly operating cost for the excavator is Rp. 718,048,581, motor grader Rp. 670,416,081, vibrator roller Rp. 609,423,907, and water tanker truck Rp. 380,806,081. The income and profit from the use of heavy equipment are Rp. 39,488,806,755 and Rp. 3,589,981,523.05.
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Hyder, Zeshan, Keng Siau, and Fiona Nah. "Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Autonomous Technologies in Mining Industry." Journal of Database Management 30, no. 2 (April 2019): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2019040104.
Full textAbstract:
The implementation of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and autonomous technologies in the mining industry started about a decade ago with autonomous trucks. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and autonomous technologies provide many economic benefits for the mining industry through cost reduction, efficiency, and improving productivity, reducing exposure of workers to hazardous conditions, continuous production, and improved safety. However, the implementation of these technologies has faced economic, financial, technological, workforce, and social challenges. This article discusses the current status of AI, machine learning, and autonomous technologies implementation in the mining industry and highlights potential areas of future application. The article presents the results of interviews with some of the stakeholders in the industry and what their perceptions are about the threats, challenges, benefits, and potential impacts of these advanced technologies. The article also presents their views on the future of these technologies and what are some of the steps needed for successful implementation of these technologies in this sector.
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Regehr, Jonathan D., Jeannette Montufar, and Alan Clayton. "Lessons learned about the impacts of size and weight regulations on the articulated truck fleet in the Canadian prairie region." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 4 (April 2009): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-011.
Full textAbstract:
Three highway engineering policies directed at improving truck productivity by increasing size and weight limits have been implemented in the Canadian prairie region within the last 35 years: the 1974 Western Canada Highway Strengthening Program, the 1988 Roads and Transportation Association of Canada Memorandum of Understanding on Heavy Vehicle Weights and Dimensions, and special permitting of longer combination vehicles. As policies change, the trucking industry adjusts its fleets to take advantage of available efficiencies. Evidence of these changes and the lessons learned from the adoption of these policies are provided. Ultimately, as a result of these policies, articulated trucks now carry heavier and larger payloads, have different axle configurations, and have higher axle weight limits than they did 35 years ago. The threefold to fivefold increase in articulated truck volumes that occurred during this period would have been more dramatic had these policies not been implemented. Further research is necessary to understand the interactions among policies, vehicles, and infrastructure.
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Kudrevatykh, Andrei, Andrei Ashcheulov, Alena Ashcheulova, Olesia Karnadud, and Ludger Rattmann. "Actual Technical Condition Assessment of A Motor-Wheel Gear of A Dump Truck Belaz Based on the Operating Oil Parameters." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 03021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910503021.
Full textAbstract:
One of the most important indicators of mining complexes are reliability and durability of their components. Studies have shown that the largest amount of mine dump truck down time occurs due to unforeseen failures of a motor-wheel gear. The introduction of additional technological processes to diagnose the actual technical condition of a gear in the maintenance procedure will make it possible to maintain directly the state of its component parts with in-place manner. The method of diagnosing the condition of a motor-wheel gear is based on physical and chemical analysis of oil, as well as its temperature control. During open pit machinery exploitation, various mechanical impurities of wear products of rubbing surfaces accumulate in the operating oil, so it is possible to predict the degree of wear of gear units and mechanisms based on these mechanical impurities. The introduction of this method in production will significantly reduce the down time of dump trucks, thereby increase the productivity of the enterprise and reduce repair costs.
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ABDULAEV, El’dar Kamil’evich. "Datum ranking and analysis of factors affecting tire wear." NEWS of the Ural State Mining University 1, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2020-1-164-169.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance of the work. The operational efficiency and technical condition of mining vehicles to a large extent depend on the service life and performance characteristics of tires. The most important technological process that determines the effectiveness of field development is the transportation of rock mass. The share of motor transport costs in the total cost and production by open method at Russian mining enterprises is significant, and reaches 70% as the depth of open pits (cuts) increases. At the same time, the actual productivity of mining trucks is much lower than their technical and technological capabilities, and this difference is up to 2.5 times or more for various brands of vehicles, including imported ones. Today, both consumers and manufacturers of large tires are interested in the most efficient tire production management. Purpose of the work: consideration of the main factors affecting tyre life, as well as datum ranking of these factors to determine the degree of significance of each factor. Methodology of research. The systematic approach was used including datum ranking method, some analytical, computational methods and generalization. Results. The ranking was carried out by three independent groups of experts on a number of proposed factors. The main factors in each group were identified and the degree of agreement between the opinions of the interviewed specialists was evaluated. The general opinion of various expert groups on the significance and ranking of factors affecting the integrity of giant tires is confirmed. Conclusions. Datum ranking and analysis of factors affecting the wear of giant tires of mining dump trucks significantly affect the optimization of machine operation and, with appropriate adjustments, can give a positive economic effect.
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Silva, Christiane Ribeiro da, Vládia C. G. de Souza, and Jair C. Koppe. "Methodology for determining rom size distribution." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 67, no. 4 (December 2014): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0370-44672014670184.
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A methodology to determine the size distribution curve of the ROM was developed in a Brazilian iron ore mine. The size of the larger fragments was determined taking photographs and setting the scale of the images to analyze their dimensions (length of their edges and areas). This was implemented according to a specific protocol of sampling that involves split and homogenization stages in situ of a considerable quantity of ore (about 259 metric tonnes). During the sampling process, larger fragments were separated and smaller size material was screened. The methodology was developed initially in order to preview the performance of a primary gyratory crusher that is fed directly from trucks. Operational conditions of the equipment such as closed and open-side settings could be adjusted previously, obtaining different product size distributions. Variability of size of the fragments affects subsequent stages of crushing and can increase circulating load in the circuit. This leads to a decrease of productivity or recovery of the ore dressing. The results showed insignificant errors of accuracy and reproducibility of the sampling protocol when applied to friable itabirite rocks.