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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Truth bias

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Academic literature on the topic 'Truth bias'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Truth bias"

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Clementson, David E. "Truth Bias and Partisan Bias in Political Deception Detection." Journal of Language and Social Psychology 37, no. 4 (2017): 407–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x17744004.

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This study tests the effects of political partisanship on voters’ perception and detection of deception. Based on social identity theory, in-group members should consider their politician’s message truthful while the opposing out-group would consider the message deceptive. Truth-default theory predicts that a salient in-group would be susceptible to deception from their in-group politician. In an experiment, partisan voters in the United States ( N = 618) watched a news interview in which a politician was labeled Democratic or Republican. The politician either answered all the questions or dec

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Hiner, Amanda. "Truth-seeking Versus Confirmation Bias." Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines 31, no. 1 (2016): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/inquiryct20163115.

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Brahams, Diana. "Truth, bias, and the medical “expert”." Lancet 353, no. 9162 (1999): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(99)00143-9.

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Lloyd, E. Paige, Kurt Hugenberg, Allen R. McConnell, Jonathan W. Kunstman, and Jason C. Deska. "Black and White Lies: Race-Based Biases in Deception Judgments." Psychological Science 28, no. 8 (2017): 1125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797617705399.

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In six studies ( N = 605), participants made deception judgments about videos of Black and White targets who told truths and lies about interpersonal relationships. In Studies 1a, 1b, 1c, and 2, White participants judged that Black targets were telling the truth more often than they judged that White targets were telling the truth. This truth bias was predicted by Whites’ motivation to respond without prejudice. For Black participants, however, motives to respond without prejudice did not moderate responses (Study 2). In Study 3, we found similar effects with a manipulation of the targets’ app

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McGuire, Matt. "The Trouble(s) with Transitional Justice: David Park's The Truth Commissioner." Irish University Review 47, supplement (2017): 515–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/iur.2017.0307.

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David Park's The Truth Commissioner (2008) tells the story of a fictional truth commission, established in the wake of the Northern Irish Troubles. To date, one of the most striking things about Northern Ireland has been its reluctance to engage in any wide-ranging, public process for dealing with the legacy of the Troubles. The Truth Commissioner diagnoses this specific moment in Northern Irish history. This article examines Park's engagement with three key issues, often overlooked by advocates of truth telling initiatives: the emergence of multiple (often incompatible) truths, the ambiguous

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Elaad, Eitan. "Truth Bias and Regression toward the Mean Phenomenon in Detecting Deception." Psychological Reports 106, no. 2 (2010): 641–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.106.2.641-642.

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A 2009 study by Masip, et al. contended that the truth bias appears in brief communications. They demonstrated a strong truth bias when truth–lie judgments were made at the beginning of the judged statement. Over time, a decrease in the truth bias and an increase in accuracy were observed. The improvement was explained by systematic information processing. The present paper suggests an alternative explanation, which rests on the phenomenon of regression toward the mean.

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Sheps, Sam, and David Birnbaum. "Aspects of Truth: Statistics, Bias, and Confounding." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 13, no. 7 (1992): 418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30147151.

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West, Tessa V., and David A. Kenny. "The truth and bias model of judgment." Psychological Review 118, no. 2 (2011): 357–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0022936.

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Street, Chris N. H., and Daniel C. Richardson. "Descartes Versus Spinoza: Truth, Uncertainty, and Bias." Social Cognition 33, no. 3 (2015): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2015.33.2.2.

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Sheps, Sam, and David Birnbaum. "Aspects of Truth: Statistics, Bias, and Confounding." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 13, no. 7 (1992): 418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646560.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Truth bias"

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Potts, Chris. "Nothing but the Truth? An Experiment in Measuring Bias." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291206.

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Dippenaar, Andre. "The Dangers of Speaking a Second Language: An Investigation of Lie Bias and Cognitive Load." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32623.

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Today's world is an interconnected global village. Communication and business transactions are increasingly conducted in non-native languages. Literature suggests that biases are present when communicating in non-native languages; that a truth bias is present in first language communication, and a lie bias in second language communication. Less than 10% of South Africa's population identifies with English, the lingua franca of the country, as a first language. Not much research in the presence of bias in second language communication has been published in the South African multi-lingual contex

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Chamberlain, Amberly. "The naked truth| An examination of gender bias in the field of acting." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10118892.

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<p> This thesis exposes unconscious gender bias in actor training and the entertainment industry. Such exposure will aid teachers and industry professionals in identifying language and practices that perpetuate this prejudice, and ultimately, effect revisions, forging a new standard for good acting. I posit that images generated by an industry that continues to drive this bias through unequal opportunities for women, double standards, and the preeminence of the male gaze in cinematic practices, contribute to situating women as objects of desire, rather than as subjects who command professional

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Pantazi, Myrto. "False Words Seem True: The Power of Truth Bias in shaping Memory and Judgment ." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/245868.

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Language is one of the main means of acquiring information about the world. An important debate in social psychology, linguistics and philosophy is how we come to believe information contained in statements we hear and read. Are we capable of assessing it and filtering it out, in case it is erroneous? Or do we rather tend to believe it? The experimental studies described in this thesis suggest that we strongly tend to believe statements we hear and read, even if we are aware of their falsity. Truth bias, as this tendency has been called, was detected both at the level of people’s memory and at

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Royster, Dayon. "Pfashən-uhble naan-sints". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6847.

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Epperson, Melinda Lawrie. "Truth or Consequences—Academic Physicians’ Perspective in the Management of Commercially-influenced Conflicts of Interest." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2069.

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Since the 1990s, academic physicians have been subjected to increased requirements for disclosure in their roles as educators and researchers and for conflict of interest (COI) resolution in their financial relationships with pharmaceutical, medical device, and biotech companies, collectively referred to as industry. The requirements are the result of the convergence of federal regulations, accreditation guidelines, professional and industry codes of ethics and conduct, and institutional policies. The disclosure and COI resolution requirements are managed and resolved by a review of forms and

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Mertens, Mayli. "The War Within : Battling Polarization, Reductionism, and Superficiality - A critical analysis of truth-telling in war reporting." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Centrum för tillämpad etik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119751.

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This thesis analyzes specific challenges concerning 'truth-telling' war reporters face when reporting on international conflict. For this purpose truth is examined in accordance with journalistic principles outlined in codes of ethics, with a focus on objectivity and fairness. The aim is to discover ways to improve the application of principles, in order to battle epistemic errors and the effects they entail: polarization, reductionism, and superficiality. The study concludes that providing context and nuance is crucial, but that codes - although essential - are insufficient in helping journal

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Moberg, Oleszkiewicz Simon, and Anders Gummesson. "Trovärdighetsattribution : Skillnader i lögn- och sanningsbias beroende på syskonplacering, femfaktormodellen och misstänksamhet." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2530.

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<p>The aim of this study was to investigate people’s ability to detect deception and if variables such as birth order, personality and suspiciousness affect this ability. The study was conducted at Växjö University with students as participants (n = 278). A film of two people arguing both for and against their own personal opinions was constructed and participants assessed credibility on a categorical scale (Honest/Dishonest). Neither birth order nor level of suspiciousness revealed significant differences as pertains to credibility attribution. In this study, personality traits showed small d

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Duran, Geoffrey. "Compréhension, Emotion, et Attention, une nouvelle approche à détecter le mensonge." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2090/document.

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Nous sommes tous familiers avec les notions de tromperie et de détection du mensonge Nous admettons volontiers que mentir n’est pas un acte acceptable moralement. Le mensonge a toujours posé un problème moral. Par exemple, Aristote disait que « le mensonge est en soi méchant et coupable », Kant considérait la vérité comme un « devoir inconditionnel en toutes circonstances ». Machiavel a adopté une position différente en louant le mensonge au service de soi. Après avoir été un problème moral et juridique pendant des millénaires, la question du mensonge et de sa détection est devenue depuis une

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Rode, Julian. "Experiments of ethics and economic behavior." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7362.

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The dissertation employs laboratory experimental methodology to study decision-making when people face trade-offs between ethical and economic values. More explicitly, the three chapters investigate 1) consumer behaviour when a substantially equivalent version of a product is more expensive because it was produced without child labour, 2) the interaction between an expert advisor and an ignorant decision-maker, when the former may gain from lying and the latter has to decide whether or not to trust in the advice, and 3) fairness in divisions of an economic gain between two people who were both

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Books on the topic "Truth bias"

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What liberal media?: The truth about bias and the news. Basic Books, 2003.

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Alterman, Eric. What liberal media?: The truth about bias and the news. Basic Books, 2002.

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Alterman, Eric. What liberal media?: The truth about bias and the news. Basic Books, 2003.

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Truth in translation: Accuracy and bias in English translations of the New Testament. University Press of America, 2004.

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Jeffes, Steve. Appearance is everything: The hidden truth regarding your appearance & appearance discrimination. Sterling House Publisher, 1998.

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Smyth, Clifford. Indifferent to the truth: How media bias against Ulster's British and Protestant population has prolonged the warand continues to cost lives. Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland Education Committee, 1993.

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1932-, Shen Baoxiang, ed. Hu Yaobang yu zhen li biao zhun wen ti tao lun. Jiangxi ren min chu ban she, 2005.

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Yuanzheng, Pang, and Liu Weilin, eds. Rang si xiang chong po lao long: "zhen li biao zhun tao lun" yu xin di si xiang jie fang. Zhongguo ren min da xue chu ban she, 1998.

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Aronson, Elliot. Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me): Why we Justify Foolish Beliefs, Bad Decisions, and Hurtful Acts. Harcourt, 2007.

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Phd, Allen Lewis. We Are All Racists: The Truth about Cultural Bias. Tate Publishing, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Truth bias"

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Davies, R. W. "Truth and Bias in the New History." In Soviet History in the Gorbachev Revolution. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20060-3_14.

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Obraztsova, Svetlana, Omer Lev, Evangelos Markakis, Zinovi Rabinovich, and Jeffrey S. Rosenschein. "Beyond Plurality: Truth-Bias in Binary Scoring Rules." In Algorithmic Decision Theory. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23114-3_27.

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Castillo-Page, Laura, Norma Iris Poll-Hunter, David A. Acosta, and Malika Fair. "The Inconvenient Truth About Unconscious Bias in the Health Professions." In Diversity and Inclusion in Quality Patient Care. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92762-6_2.

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Radeljić, Branislav. "Digging for the Truth: Archival Bias in the Case of Yugoslavia." In Societies and Political Orders in Transition. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70343-1_6.

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"THE ROOTS OF COGNITIVE BIAS." In Post-Truth. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11483.003.0007.

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Bardon, Adrian. "Bias and Belief." In The Truth About Denial. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190062262.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces key psychological concepts pertinent to denial, such as cognitive dissonance, motivated reasoning, and confirmation bias. It also addresses the relation between denial and ideology. It explains different social psychology approaches to understanding the phenomena of denial and ideological denialism. Ideological denialism is a unique psychological condition wherein the subject is motivated to embrace a certain conclusion about issues of public relevance for reasons relating to self-interest, group-interest, culture, personality, and/or identity. A discovery of great importance is that the tendency to ideological denial is neither a consequence of being uninformed nor a consequence of one’s lacking political sophistication.

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"A Bias Toward Federalism." In Speaking Truth to Power. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315130149-6.

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"Weighted Distributions - Data with Built-in Bias." In Statistics and Truth. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812384959_0004.

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Krzych, Scott. "Conclusion." In Beyond Bias. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197551219.003.0007.

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The brief conclusion considers some theoretical accounts of the post-truth era in the context of the book’s broader arguments about hysterical discourse. Post-truth is treated as a form of hysterical complaint, an attempt to maintain allegiance to common sense even at the moment that common sense has been rendered obsolete or inapplicable as a viable term in political debate. The conclusion thereby suggests a more psychoanalytic mode of address to political media and representation, one that seeks to learn from the biases of others, treating such biases as the real or unavoidable effects of political antagonism rather than a failure that could be cured by some so-called return to reason, science, or other conventional notions of truth.

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Silman, Alan J., Gary J. Macfarlane, and Tatiana Macfarlane. "Bias." In Epidemiological Studies: A Practical Guide, edited by Alan J. Silman, Gary J. Macfarlane, and Tatiana Macfarlane. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198814726.003.0019.

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There are several reasons (e.g. sources of bias), why a study’s results may deviate from the truth. Recruitment and/or follow-up, which is non-random as to who does not provide data is a major source of bias. Other sources include observer preferences and the subject’s answers being informed, for example, by their current or prior status. It is not easy to undertake the perfect, bias-free, study. The challenge is to design the study to minimize the likelihood of bias and to undertake the necessary subanalyses, where appropriate, to obtain a sense of how important a particular bias might have been in explaining the results obtained.

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Conference papers on the topic "Truth bias"

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Wieringa, Sietse, Eivind Engebretsen, Kristin Heggen, and Trish Greenhalgh. "2 Rethinking bias and truth in EBM." In EBM Live Abstracts, July 2019, Oxford, UK. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2019-ebmlive.10.

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Nakov, Preslav, and Giovanni Da San Martino. "Fact-Checking, Fake News, Propaganda, and Media Bias: Truth Seeking in the Post-Truth Era." In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: Tutorial Abstracts. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.emnlp-tutorials.2.

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Gemalmaz, Meric Altug, and Ming Yin. "Accounting for Confirmation Bias in Crowdsourced Label Aggregation." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/238.

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Collecting large-scale human-annotated datasets via crowdsourcing to train and improve automated models is a prominent human-in-the-loop approach to integrate human and machine intelligence. However, together with their unique intelligence, humans also come with their biases and subjective beliefs, which may influence the quality of the annotated data and negatively impact the effectiveness of the human-in-the-loop systems. One of the most common types of cognitive biases that humans are subject to is the confirmation bias, which is people's tendency to favor information that confirms their ex

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Bednar, Peter, and Christine Welch. "Bias Misinformation and the Paradox of Neutrality." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3277.

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What is normally described as bias? A possible definition comprises attempts to distort or mislead to achieve a certain perspective, i.e. subjective descriptions intended to mislead. If designers were able to exclude bias from informing systems, then this would maximize their effectiveness. This implicit conjecture appears to underpin much of the research in our field. However, in our efforts to support the evolution and design of informing systems, the way we think, communicate and conceptualize our efforts clearly influences our comprehension and consequently our agenda for design. Objectivi

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Cressall, Rick, and Barton L. Smith. "Correlated Bias Uncertainty in PIV Data due to Interrogation Window Overlap." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7937.

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Vorticity fields calculated from PIV data have previously been shown to be sensitive to interrogation window overlap and differentiation scheme. To date, only qualitative comparisons have been made since a quantitative study requires knowledge of the “true” velocity. A data set consisting of several simultaneous measurements of both high fidelity and more typical PIV data is used for the present study. The uncertainty of the high fidelity data is small enough compared to the typical data to be considered “truth”. This allows a quantitative measure of correlated error due to interrogation regio

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HajNasser, Yesser. "MultiResU-Net: Neural Network for Salt Bodies Delineation and QC Manual Interpretation." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31169-ms.

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Abstract Accurate delineation of salt bodies is essential for the characterization of hydrocarbon accumulation and seal efficiency in offshore reservoirs. The interpretation of these subsurface features is heavily dependent on visual picking. This in turn could introduce systematic bias into the task of salt body interpretation. In this study, we introduce a novel machine learning approach of a deep neural network to mimic an experienced geophysical interpreter's intellect in interpreting salt bodies. Here, the benefits of using machine learning are demonstrated by implementing the MultiResU-N

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Fidiyani, Rini, and Erni Wulandari. "Law Movement Facing Paradigm Post Truth in Social Media." In 1st Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities, Economics and Social Sciences (BIS-HESS 2019). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200529.166.

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Leão, Jeancarlo, Alberto Laender, and Pedro Vaz De Melo. "A Multi-Strategy Approach to Overcoming Bias in Community Detection Evaluation." In XXXIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Banco de Dados. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbbd.2019.8804.

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Community detection is key to understand the structure of complex networks. However, the lack of appropriate evaluation strategies for this specific task may produce biased and incorrect results that might invalidate further analyses or applications based on such networks. In this context, the main contribution of this paper is an approach that supports a robust quality evaluation when detecting communities in real-world networks. In our approach, we use multiple strategies that capture distinct aspects of the communities. The conclusion on the quality of these communities is based on the cons

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