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1
Pavlů, Klára. "Obsah minerálních látek v píci ovlivněný předchozí rozdílnou intenzitou pastvy." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-258480.
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The mineral content of grassland is one of the key factors that determine its quality. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal interval for the grazing and the optimal interval for the hay harvest in relation to the nutrient requirements for cattle and determine the dynamics of pasture forage yield and mineral content during the growing season. H0: Previous different grazing intensity has no effect on biomass yield and the mineral content in the following growing season. The experiment was performed on a long term grazing experiment in 2012 -- 2013, where during the growing season biomass samples were taken and subsequently analyzed for minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na). The sampling was carried out in treatments that have been since 1998 at the beginning of June mowed and then intensively or extensively grazed. During the sampling period the access of grazed animals to sampling sites was forbidden. Intensive or extensive grazing in the previous grazing season significantly affected the content of minerals and biomass yields. Especially at the beginning of the growing season the contents of N, Ca and Mg were higher in forage, which was in previous years, intensively grazed. After that, the differences between these two treatments were not significant. Diverse grassland with a higher proportion of herbs contained higher levels of calcium and magnesium. Because of lower K concentrations and higher Ca and Mg concentrations in the fodder there was no problem with tetanus ratio (K/Ca + Mg) by exceeding the limit value of 2.2. The present work shows that the optimal term for hay in mesophilic upland grassland the end of May to mid-June. In this time historically the first cut was conducted. After this period there are revealed such changes in the content of minerals, which significantly deteriorate the forage quality. Therefore, if the first cut after mid-June is postponed then compensatory payments under environmental schemes should progressively compensate financially losses
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Fučíková, Milena. "Vliv hnojení a druhového složení na kvalitu luční píce." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-315912.
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The aim of the thesis was to assess the effect of long-term application of different doses of nitrogen with phosphorus and potassium on proportion of agrobotanical groups, on forage quality and yield of the grasslands vegetation of the type Arrhenatherion elatioris.
Longterm experiment is located near the village of Senožaty (Pelhřimov). This is mesophilous meadow with a predominance of Arrhenatherum elatius. An experiment in the form of random sample of blocks includes six varieties of fertilization: unfertilized control, PK, N50PK, N100PK, N150PK and N200PK. Evaluation of the botanical composition, forage quality and yields of meadow fodder was carried out in the 1st cut, the 2nd cut and the 3rd cut. Composition of grass, legumes and other dicots plants was evaluated by weight method. Qualitative parameters of the forage (crude protein, crude fiber, PDIE and organic matter digestibility) were evaluated by NIR spectroscopy.
The results show that yield of aboveground biomass in the first cut has been twice bigger on plots of nitrogen fertilization than unfertilized control. Variants N50PK to N200PK contained 90 % of grasses, lower than 2 % legumes and lower than 6 % other herbs. Content of crude protein and crude fiber was increased with increasing dose of nitrogen applied. In first cut was highest organic matter digestibility in variants N100PK in comparison with other variants. Yield of dry matter aboveground biomass was half in the second cut compared with the first. On variants N100PK to N200PK was high proportion of grasses and very low proportion of legumes and other herbs. In the second mowing, the highest content of crude protein have been find out in biomass of unfertilized control. The crude fiber content increased with the intensity of fertilization. In the third cut, yield of dry matter biomass was very low, but content of crude protein and PDIE was high. In dry matter biomass in third mowing, content of crude fiber was lowest and organic matter digestibility was highest. Significant correlation between the proportion of individual agrobotanical groups and forage quality were found only in the fiber content of the 1st and 2nd cut and PDIE in forage 3rd cut.
The results of the thesis show that the forage quality, yield of dry biomass and botanical composition of grassland type Arrhenatherion elatioris is most appropriate fertilize 50 kg N.ha-1 with phosphorus and potassium.
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Hamouz, Vladimír. "Porovnání cen smíšených trvalých porostů zjištěných zjednodušeným způsobem a způsobem výnosovým nebo nákladovým." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232805.
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The thesis deals compare prices mixed permanent crops that are established for the property transfer tax or gift tax from prices established for other purposes. For the determination of the prices is used method of simplified and in a yield or cost method.
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Hůlová, Martina. "Porovnání cen okrasných rostlin zjištěných zjednodušeným a nákladovým způsobem s různou charakteristikou typu zeleně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232711.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to compare prices of ornamental plants founded by simplified and cost method of valuation. Comparison was made on a sample of garden situated in the functional unit with a terraced house and the land built over by this building. Based on the obtained results the influence of different location and age of the trees on their price is evaluated. The thesis also defines basic terms and explains issues which are closely related with valuation of ornamental plants.
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Stibůrek, Jakub. "Vliv hnojení trvalého travního porostu na substrátovou produkci bioplynu." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-256795.
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The aim of this study was to extend knowledge about the influence of permanent grassland fertilization on the yield and the quality of biogas.
During the years 2013 and 2014 three levels of fertilization (non fertilized control, N50PK, N200PK) were tested. Samples were taken from the experiment site Černíkovice, Benešov region. For anaerobic digestion, a 40 day mesophilic conditions batch test was chosen.
A statistically significant decrease of substrate biogas yield (SBY) and area biogas yield (ABY) with higher doses of fertilizers occurred between non fertilized control (575.4 ml/g; 3332.4 m3/ha) and N200PK variant (460.5 ml/g; 2605.7 m3/ha) in 2013. The only statistically significant differences in the quality of biogas were found during the first day of anaerobic digestion, when the highest doses of fertilizers caused higher concentration of methane (33.2 %) compared to control variant (22.6 %).
Application of fertilizers had no significant effect on SBY in 2014. Still, the highest SBY was obtained from the non fertilized control (762.7 ml/g) compared to N50PK (707.6 ml/g) and N200PK variant (732.8 ml/g). Furthermore, significant most of the ABY was obtained from the N50PK (2911.5 m3/ha) compared to the non fertilized control (2296.3 m3/ha). The only significant differences in biogas quality were found during the initial 7 days of the test. Most of the methane was contained in biogas from the non fertilized control (59.1 %), and least amount of the methane was found in the N50PK variant (57.9 %).
ABY is highly influenced by the yields of phytomass, which were negatively affected by the late first cut caused by unfavorable site conditions in 2013.
Cumulative biogas production showed that the most important part of anaerobic digestion was during the initial 14 days, which produced upwards of 80 % of total biogas yields in both years.
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Panský, Jan. "Vliv pastevního systému a hnojení na produkci píce." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-261442.
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Pastures and meadows are often looked over because of they are minor yields against arable land. Because of it it is common to not care so much about them. The purpose of this research is to compare several ways of care about this pastures (number of grazing animals, manuring) concurrently grazing and find out if it is economically expedient to invest into theyre acreage.
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Nečasová, Barbora. "Oceňování nemovitostí typu rekreačního střediska - Zubří." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232905.
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The diploma thesis "Valuation of property type resort" deals with both the development of a comprehensive register of all immovable property, forming part of the accessories and recreational area in “Zubří” and also with the valuation of these assets, which will result in the determination of prices that should be required when its sale. The issue of valuation is not easy and extends into several areas. The first part of this work, the theoretical part, focuses on the definition and clarification of basic terms as from the field of valuation same as the terms of the law and economics. It further, various valuation methods are described in more detail and these are then used in the practical part. At the beginning of the practical part the location of the real estate same as the results of a market analysis and data obtained from the local investigation are described briefly. The results of the valuation are evaluated and analyzed in more detail in the conclusion of the thesis.
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Čedík, Jakub. "Výzkum vlivu provozních a konstrukčních parametrů na energetickou náročnost a kvalitu práce mulčovače." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-259736.
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This doctoral dissertation thesis deals with rotary mowers, specifically with the issue of mulching.
In the theoretical part the reader is being familiar with the technology of mulching and its importance. Further, the individual types of mulchers and its advantages and disadvantages are described. The literary analysis of energy demands of rotary mowers is stated. Further, the parameters influencing energy demands of the mulcher are also analyzed.
The results of measurement of the energy demands of the mulcher with vertical axis of rotation are presented. The dependency of input power, specific energy consumption and fuel consumption on mass performance of the machine are created. Furthermore, the energy demands was determined, while mulcher was working continuously at the permanent grassland. The energy losses of the mulcher were also analyzed.
The effect of modification of operational and constructional parameters on the energy demands and quality of work of the mulcher wit vertical axis of rotation is studied. From the constructional parameters the shape of working tool, especially cloth angle and rake angle of the tool, and shape of the cover of the mulcher workspace is modified. From the operational parameters the cutting speed and mass performance according to conditions is modified.
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Šťastný, Miroslav. "Oceňování nemovitostí typu letní tábor." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232744.
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Diploma thesis “Property valuation type of summer camp” is focused on recording and valuation of all the immovable property, which are parts and outbuildings of summer camp near the Vranov dam. Theoretical part of this thesis deals with basic terminology and utilized valuation methods. Short locality characterization and relevant real estate market are described in the practical part. Main focus of the practical part is actual valuation of immovable property using methods described in theoretical part. After that, calculated and estimated prices are evaluated and analyzed.
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Raus, Josef. "Hodnocení sukcese u porostu trvalé louky při extenzivním využití." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-87984.
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Štelclová, Hana. "Vliv hnojení na výnos a druhovou skladbu obnoveného travního porostu na stanovišti Kameničky." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-94003.
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Vaňorková, Veronika. "Vliv pratotechniky na druhovou diverzitu a kvalitu polopřirozeného travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-427257.
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Grasslands represent a significant part (22 %) of the agricultural land fund in the Czech Republic. Grasslands are primarily responsible for production and non-production functions. They have wide ranges of enlargement and are therefore considered to be one of the richest sources of diversity. Variety of non-productive functions, such as anti-erosion or aesthetic function, are associated with species diversity. For the maintenance of grassland, it is essentials to breed, which consists mainly in mowing and fertilizing. The aim of this diploma thesis was to assess the influence of fertilization intensity (non-fertilized, PK, N90+PK and N180+PK) and different intensity of utilization (two- and free-leaf vegetation) on the species diversity and quality of semi-natural grass on the experimental area of Kameničky in years 2016 and 2017. The percentage of agrobotanic groups was influenced mainly by the intensity of fertilization. The ratio of grasses increased with higher fertilizer intensity, but the impact of fertilization on herbs was opposite. PK fertilization appeared to be positive for the representation of clover. A higher number of cuts appeared to be positive for clover and other herbs. The number of species was highest (P < 0,05) in the non-fertilized variant and PK variant. This also coincides with the diversity index, which showed the highest (P < 0,05) values also on these variants. Three-way use appeared to be positive for higher values of diversity indices. Equivalence reached the highest values on the N90+PK variants where more balanced stands were. The production of forage dry matter and the quality of grassland increased along with the intensity of fertilization. Higher intensity of use was seen as a positive impal on average forage solids production.
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Bartoš, Vojtěch. "Vliv intenzity využívání a hnojení na druhovou skladbu trvalého travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-95921.
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Davidová, Iva. "Vliv hnojení na kvalitativní a kvantitativní druhové složení trvalého travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150602.
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Pospíšilová, Martina. "Organický uhlík v půdě a jeho vztah k labilním formám TK." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-166906.
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Kadłubiec, Szymon. "Změny obsahu organického uhlíku a dusíku v půdě při obnovách travních porostů." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-426895.
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In the last 30 years there has been a big change in the acreage of permanent grasslands. Since 1990, the acreage of permanent grasslands has increased by 20% to 1003 thousand ha. Currently, there has been a decrease in the amount of cattle and sheep. Despite this fact, it is necessary to ensure high quality fodder from grasslands in order to assure profitability of farming. Therefore, farmers often opt for restoration. The most efficient way is radical ploughing restoration. This method involves numerous risks for environment. The present thesis examined the influence of radical restoration of grasslands by ploughing on the change in the content of organic carbon, total nitrogen and the C:N ratio in the soil. Field experiments were conducted in two locations on the land of National Stud at Kladruby nad Labem, and also in two locations in Oldřichovice near Třinec. In Kladruby, the samples were obtained from both, restored and indigenous grasslands, whereas in Oldřichovice, the samples were obtained only from restored grasslands. The biggest loss of organic carbon (Cox) and total nitrogen (Nt) was noted in Kladruby n.L. in the sandy soil of the original vegetation since the spring of 2016 to the autumn of 2017. In the soil layer of 0-30 cm there was a decrease of the Cox stock in the soil by 58.2 t·ha-1, the stock of Nt in the soil did not change. At the same location and during the same period, the Cox stock of 35,3 t·ha-1 and the Nt stock of 0,1 t·ha-1 fell on the restored vegetation in the soil layer of 0-30 cm. In the clay loam soil in Kladruby n.L. since the spring of 2017 to autumn 2017 there was a decrease of 27,6 t·ha-1 Cox and 1,4 t·ha-1 Nt in soil layer 0-30 cm on the restored vegetation. In the original vegetation, the Cox content decreased by 16.3 t · ha-1 and Nt by 0.4 t·ha-1. In the Oldřichovice over the house area, since the autumn of 2016 to the spring of 2018, the Cox stock fell after plowing in the soil layer 0-30 cm by 7 t·ha-1 and the Nt supply increased by 0.9 t·ha-1. In the Oldřichovice area under the hill, the Cox stock decreased by 39.2 t·ha-1 in the same period and in the same soil layer and the Nt stock decreased by 1.5 t·ha-1. From the point of view of the depth of soil, the largest amounts of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the upper layer of soil were recorded 0-10 cm. The C:N ratio in the restored and natural grasslands was not statistically different. At the same time, after the recovery in this layer of soil, the biggest loss of Cox and Nt occurred.
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Szturc, Karel. "Změny druhové skladby u TTP při různých variantách hnojení." Master's thesis, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-88526.
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Šromová, Kristýna. "Vliv odstupňovaných dávek dusíku na druhovou skladbu polopřirozeného travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-179824.
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ABSTRACT This diploma thesis is valuating an influence of a nitrogen fertilization on species structure of a semi-natural grassland. Experimental site is located 650 m in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands in locality of Kameničky. From 2012-2013 four variants of fertilization has been compared (unfertilised, fertilized 45 kg.ha-1 N + PK, fertilized 90 kg.ha-1 N + PK, fertilized 135 kg.ha-1 N + PK and fertilised 180 kg.ha-1 N + PK) and two variants of fertilizers (two-edged and triple-edged). Additionally, I am dealing in detail with outproductive functions of permanent grassland and analysis of individual plant species represented at the observed site. All the obtained results show, that species diversity decreases with fertilizers, which on the contrary increases production of fodder. Fertilising with N increases (P<0,05) proportion of cultural grasses, but simultaneously decreases (P<0,05) proportion of herbs and clovers. Regarding intensity of utilising, fertilisers triple-edged were more species diverse, a diversity index confirms this fact.
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Komárek, Petr. "Přísevy jetelovin a trav do travních porostů." Doctoral thesis, 1998. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-95312.
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Hejduk, Stanislav. "Vliv extenzivního obhospodařování pastevních porostů ve vztahu k porostovým a hydropedologickým parametrům." Doctoral thesis, 2000. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-95682.
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BÁRTA, Ondřej. "Vliv vodního režimu na vybrané travní energetické druhy (suchovzdornost) ovsík vyvýšený (Arrhenatherum elatius), sveřep horský (Bromus carharticus) a bojínek luční (Phleum pratense)." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174559.
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This thesis describes the importance and use of permanent grasslands, or more so-called energy grasses used in the energy sector. For our study we examined these three grasses: Ovsík vyvýšený (Arrhenatherum elatius), Sveřep horský (Bromus carharticus) and Bojínek luční (Phleum pratense). Another, the main task was to determine their resistance to drought. The results based on laboratory work, which between them compared the two variants. One was simulated normal emergence of the species and the second emergence stressed by lack of water. Based on these results, we conclude that we can not say that it would be a downright drought-resistant types. For the two studied species of grasses (Bojínek and Ovsík) are obvious differences in resistance to drought. Sveřep horský (variety - Tacit), however, proved to be the most drought-resistant species. While most sprouted out bojínek luční (variety - Sobol).
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TRNKOVÁ, Ivana. "Vliv pastvy masného skotu na utváření porostové skladby a rozvíjení mimoprodukčních funkcí travních porostů." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-80428.
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The influence of beef cattle pasture on the composition of pasture herbage was studied in Šumava region (Kaplice, 550 {--} 850 m a.s.l) from 2005 to 2006. Also was studied the effect of different nanagement of permanent grassland on its composition plantation form and non-producing functions. On the pasture herbage dominated grass and leguminous species. On the fallow land prevailed herb species. On the combined management site (pasture and harvest) was established higher frequency of Taraxacum officinale, Trifolium pratense and Dactylis glomerata
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DUŠÁK, Radim. "Vliv ekologických podmínek na travní porosty a optimalizace pratotechnických postupů v oblasti Borkovic." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-251790.
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This dissertation thesis researches the impact of ecological conditions on the permanent graminaceous cover not faraway from the peatland in the Borkovice region. These ecological conditions primarily mean water regime of the habitat. The nutritive regime and the fodder crop value are monitored in this thesis. These data were acquired with the help of the vegetation composition, using bio-indikative methods. Resulting values are described in the thesis, and their mutual relations are also stated there. In accordance to the ascertained results, proper pratotechnic measures were proposed. These measures try to harmonize the productive and non-productive functions.
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JINDRÁKOVÁ, Monika. "Vliv různých způsobů využívání travního porostu na porostové charakteristiky a vybrané půdní vlastnosti." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-181007.
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This thesis was focused on evaluate the effect of various permanent grassland exploitation on the biological characteristics and soil properties. Permanent grasslands are composite and varied community of legumes, grasses and many other forbs, which are an important component of agroecosystem. This thesis was carried out in 2013 on experimental grass field trial on Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in the ČeskéBudějovice. The experimental variants was evaluated the effect of management by mowing, mulching, leaving fallow.Otherwise were also evaluated height stands,phenophases during harvesting, types of outgrowth, the amount of residual biomass and selected soil properties. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of different exploitation of grassland herbage on its characteristics and selected soil properties and design of appropriate methods of grassland management. Method of grassland management should be chosen with respect to the exploitationmethodsof permanent grassland. It is very important to take into account the altitude climatic and soil conditions and the type of vegetation.Finally, it must be taken of the used machinery. It was recommended evaluated grassland mowed 2 or 3 times a year along with fertilization by NPK as a suitable form of management.
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JAKŠOVÁ, Marie. "Sledování podmínek uplatnění a výskytu vybraných druhů jetelovin a bylin v travních porostech." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-251791.
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Understanding the importance and the possible use of clover in permanent grassland is very important. Their irreplaceable role in nitrogen fixation and enrich the soil of this essential element is very important. The significance of herbs in grassland is also significant, even though its importance is often overlooked. Herbs not only serve as indicators of habitat conditions, but also can improve the quality and palatability of forage. If we know the herbs and legumes and their habitat requirements will help us select the most suitable way of management and the effective use of the potential of the habitat. The aim of the thesis was to observe conditions of use and the occurrence of selected legumes and herbs in TTP. Research can therefore conclude that the biggest influence on the composition of the grassland have ecological conditions. Way management can to some extent affect the crop themselves, but the biggest factor remains what we can not influence and that is the weather. The results also shows that the richer pastures.
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MACHURA, Antonín. "Vliv vodního režimu na růst a kvalitu vybraných travních druhů." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174560.
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The main factors affecting the yield and the quality of grassland are nutrient availability and water regime. In nature and of course in agriculture, water is the most important factor influencing plant growth and reproduction. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of water regime on germination of selected grass species. We have focused on the following grass species, suitable for use in energy: Dactylis glomerata L. Padánia cultivar, Phalaroides arundinacea L., Chrastava cultivar and Agropyron elongatum L. Under water stress condition, the highest germination rate of 69 % was observed in Agropyron elongatum L., followed by Dactylis glomerata L. (54, 6 %). The lowest germination rate of 28, 6 % was recorded in Phalaroides arundinacea L. This study also compares dry matter yields of selected species during spring harvest. Average yield was 3,3 t.ha-1 in the first year. This work is based on authors own measurement and on the information obtained from Czech hydrometeorological institute.
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TURKOVÁ, Jitka. "Uplatnění ekologických a fytocenologických analýz travních porostů při harmonizaci jejich produkčních a mimoprodukčních funkcí." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-46895.
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In the years 2005 - 2006 it was practised typological maping of selected meadow and pasture areas in Kardašova Řečice (439 m n.m.). The selected areas of permanent grasslands were separated into parts by growth types, where it was observed: projective dominance and frequency of individual species, the amount of primary production of biomass, the underground water level.
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JANA, Václav. "Porovnání stavu travních porostů a víceletých pícnin v konvenčním a ekologickém systému hospodaření ve zvoleném zemědělském podniku." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376146.
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The finaldiploma thesis isfocused on thecomparison of themulti-annualfoddercrops and permanent grasslands of organic and convention alagriculture and thein farmingsystem. The firstchapters are devoted to a briefdescription of bothtypes of agriculture and thein differences and specifics. In the next part are describe decological, economic and economicsystems of management in selected companies. Finally, a summary of the most important findingsforfurther use or optimizationis proposed.
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ŠVARC, Miroslav. "Zjištění a vyčíslení nákladů na výrobu sena v jednotlivých alternativních uspořádáních technologických linek." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-51285.
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The graduation thesis is described economical valuation of production hey. There is described methods and condition of measure consumption a fuel of energetic vehicle and working set and demand of time for provide sinlge technologic operation of harvest. The measure value was used for assesment a general straight cost on the produciton of hey. In the next point is described technologic procedure of pruduction hey and structure technologic line. The one part of graueted thesis is analysis of using areas of perennial grass stands and their characteristic.
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ŠTAFKOVÁ, Kateřina. "Analýza stavu a zatížení pastevních porostů ve vybraném zemědělském podniku a návrh vhodného systému pastvy." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188438.
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The aim of the thesis is to assess an influence on a grassland composition and grassland condition with different grazing method, frequency of grazing and animal composition. A basis is a literature review which contains a brief description of productive and nonproductive function of a permanent grassland, an grazing importance of grassland maintenance, a way and intensity of grazing and The experiment was performed in Carlsbad region (Czech republic), near Fojtov township. The experiment contains botanical images of three different grazings, cattle, horse and sheep. At these grazings where made two two-year cycle observations (2013, 2014), on the 15th of June and on the 13th of September. At these grazings where three different observation areas with different water regime and with different agro-botanical composition. Gained data were used to calculate diversity species indices (Simpsons and Hills), site water regime and a grazing forage value. Data were also statistically processed. A part of this experiment was also to calculate grazing load for a whole grazing period and for one grazing cycle.
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TRUHLÁŘ, Martin. "Vliv různého hospodaření na produkci, strukturu a chemické složení nadzemní biomasy v povodí Mlýnského potoka." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188466.
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The aim of the thesis is to assess the changes in production and structure of surface biomass (the proportion of grasses, clovers and other plants) and its chemical compound in scythed and pastured grass areas in the monitored areas in the Mlýnský potok basin in years 2012 and 2014. The area is situated on the right bank of Lipno dam in Pasečná land register, 784 820 meters above sea-level. There were established three permanent sampling points in the pastured as well as scythed areas in the Mlýnský potok basin. Four samples of biomass from the area of 1 sq m were collected in each of these sampling points. These were collected on 20th June 2012, 11th September 2012, 17th June 2014 and 10th September 2014. The collected biomass was then divided into agro-botanical groups (grasses, clovers and other plants) and afterwards it was dried and weighed. The chemical analysis was conducted by a certified laboratory AGRO-LA, Ltd. in Jindřichův Hradec. The aim of the analysis was to find out the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium. By assessing the development of the overall production of the biomass in 2012 and 2014 in the sampling area we found out a considerable decline of biomass in scythed areas and an increasing difference in the average amount of biomass between scythed and pastured areas during the monitored period. These findings were assessed as statistically conclusive. By assessing the development of overall proportions of the agro-botanical groups we could see a substantial decrease in grasses and on the other hand an increase of clovers and other plants in scythed areas compared to pastured areas. The difference between the proportion of grasses and other plants proved to be statistically conclusive. By assessing the development in difference of the overall average amount of nitrogen in the biomass, there emerged a considerable increase in the amount of nitrogen regardless the way of management. As far as phosphorus is concerned, we found out a decreasing difference in its amount between scythed and pastured areas. The amount of potassium was considerably lower in scythed areas, whereas calcium showed the exact opposite. Statistically conclusive were the findings of substantial increase of nitrogen in the surface biomass and also the changes in the amount of potassium and calcium due to the management. By evaluating these outcomes we confirmed that the permanent grass areas have a very variable productive and structural potential which holds true also for their chemical compound.
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KONDRÁTOVÁ, Petra. "Vliv způsobů a intenzity využívání na fytocenologický vývoj a biodiverzitu travních porostů." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-154282.
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The main objective of this thesis was to assess the influence of methods and intensity of use on phytosociological evolution and biodiversity of grasslands. This work includes grasslands in terms of their distribution, different ways of management and use. An important goal of this work was to evaluate the incidence of plant species in grassland lying in selected localities of the Czech Budejovice, Slavošovice and Radostice. The next section was set calculation and maintenance of the water and nutrient regime on the site fallow and statistical processing of data at the sites.Based on the findings were prepared tables and graphs that confirm and in some cases disconfirm occurrence of plant species with different modes of grassland management (mowing, grazing, fallow).
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ŠOBROVÁ, Martina. "Vliv různých způsobů obhospodařování na porostovou skladbu a produkci biomasy travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174549.
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This thesis summarizes the results obtained from a study of long-term field trials with permanent grassland, which based on Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in the České Budějovice between years 2010 - 2013. Permanent grasslands are managed in different ways (mowing, mulching, fallow) and the intensity of exploitation (harvested 1 - 3 times a year, fertilization). The work was focused on the evaluation of changes in growth composition, biomass production and dry matter content of hay variants. Also were evaluated biodiversityand grazing value of the crop stand. Before each harvest (mowing or mulching) was evaluated growth composition of experimental grasslands on an area of 20 m2. Plant species coverage of individual agro botanical groups was estimated by the reduced projective dominance (% D). Harvested biomass of grassland was considered and sample mown every variantof the experiment was dried (dry matter content). Species diversity was expressed as the number of species and species diversity was expressed in the form of Simpson's index. It was also calculated value describing the quality and productivity ofthe crop stand.
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KINCL, Petr. "Vliv aplikace organických hnojiv na botanickou skladbu, diverzitu a pícninářské charakteristiky travních porostů." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376148.
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In connection with the growing area of permanent grasslands in the Czech Republic, their productive and, above all, non-productive importance is at the forefront. In addition to forage production, meadow stands represent an important component of the environment in terms of biodiversity conservation. The aim of this diploma thesis was to monitor the influence of organic fertilization on land in the cadastral of Cekov and Kařez. Observations were carried out on unheated and organically fertilized localities in 2017. Higher botanical diversity showed unheated land, where the herbal component and clover predominated. There was a higher proportion of grass on the fertilized land. In terms of grassland quality, fertilized plots were best assessed. The data analyzed were statistically evaluated.
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JIRMANNOVÁ, Kristýna. "Využití koz a ovcí při péči o krajinu a jejich zařazení v ekologickém zemědělství." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-50317.
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The analysis of management of sheep and goat breeding on the organic farm is the main aim of my thesis. The herd was examine at the Slunečná organic farm in the Šumava Mountains. The animals were monitored during grasing season by force of metod ethology monitoring. Sheep and goats were monitored and it was done four times for always 24 hours during a grazing period. The method of the direct monitoring was used and the base categories of the behaviour (food intaking, lying, standing and moving) were written down by an interval method - the interval took 10 minutes. The comfortable, mother's, social and sexual behaviour were writen down as well. Gained data from single sighting was expressed absolute and percentage share form total tables and graphs. The results were interpreted on the basis of the study of special literature and legislation about organic farming and animal ethology. The way of sheep and goats farming was according to an inborn biorhythm and gave the animal free and natural ways of behaviour. The physiological and ethological needs of animals are satisfactory. Sheep and goats have the possibility to graze freely on pastures and they effect positively on the landscape management. They keep grasslands without woody plants and weeds.
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SEDLECKÝ, Pavel. "Hospodaření na trvalých travních porostech a struktura živočišné výroby v podnicích s jejich převahou." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52673.
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The Thesis was elaborated on the theme: Farming on permanent grassland (PG) and structure of animal husbandry in enterprises with their superiority. The aim was to analyze number of cattle, milk and meat production, the proportion of PG in Czech Republic and detail in the South Bohemia. A working hypothesis was set as follows, that with increasing altitude, increasing the proportion of grassland. From 1989 till 2009 in the Czech Republic the acreage of grassland increased about 100 thousand he, but in the same period decreased by 2 100 000 pieces in cattle. This has resulted in insufficient load {--} 0.7 LU/he. For comparison I show the average load in the EU {--} 1.1 LU/he. The results show that the proportion of PG in the Czech Republic had increased, but grassing should be more focused. It should also improve the structure of livestock farming on PG and thereby achieve an increase in load and LU/he.
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Figala, Jindřich. "Hodnocení sukcese u porostu trvalé louky při intenzivním využívání." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-89842.
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BÁRTOVÁ, Eva. "Chov skotu v podmínkách ekologického zemědělství." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-46694.
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The diploma thesis is divided into three parts: cattle herd management, ethology and economic evaluation. The observation was carried out on the farm which is situated in the mountain region of Šumava mountain with decreasing agricultural production. The main production is cattle breeding without market milk production. These meat breeds (Hereford, Aberdeen angus, Charolais) are bred there.
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KÜMMEL, Miloš. "Zjištění, vyčíslení a rozbor nákladů na výrobu senáže ve vybraném podniku s vyšší svaživostí pozemků." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-48125.
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The graduated thesis is described the characteristic of a permanent grass vegetations, analysis of the scale of production a pasturage in chosen establishment and identification with a technological line for harvest and conservation pasturage. Next describe size of a store, land steep a traffic distance. This thesis describes measuring procedure in order to location of engineering characteristics, consumption of fuels and financial evaluation of all operation in the end.
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HRAŠE, David. "Vliv popínavých leguminóz na výskyt hodnotných a plevelných druhů v trvalých travních porostech." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376149.
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Permanent grassland is a complex of legumes, herbs, and grasses. They are an important plant component of the biosphere. They provide wide range of productive and non-productive functions. Climbing legumes are valuable species in grasslands. They are involved in higher quality of fresh matter and hay. The aim of this diploma thesis is to assess the influence of climbing legumes on the presence and coverage of other higher plant species in grassland, the height and productivity of vegetation in selected localities in the Prachatice district in 2017. The occurrence of legumes (climbing and non-climbing) has a significant impact on other species in the grassland community. The reason is the ability to fix aerial nitrogen and support grass species that require a good nitrogen supply. The obtained data were statistically processed.
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Králíčková, Veronika. "Vliv hnojení a počtu sečí na výnos a druhovou skladbu trvalého travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-95171.
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Hloucalová, Pavlína. "Vliv hnojení na druhovou skladbu a kvalitu travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-179806.
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The aim of this thesis was to assess the impact of different intensities of fertilization on species composition and grassland quality on the experimental area Kameničky in 2009-2013. The evaluated factors, the intensity of fertilization in the degree of unfertilized, PK, N90+PK and N180+PK. Fertilized grassland do not always have high species diversity. The highest and during these years of balanced species diversity was assessed in grassland fertilization PK, while the lowest in the stands fertilized N90+PK. The proportion of grasses fertilized with than most increased (P<0,05) in the variant N90+PK (60,3%) at the expense of other herbs (33,7%). Development of legumes in the stand shown (P<0,05) increased fertilizer PK (14,8%). The quality of the grassland was lowest in unfertilized variants (24,76), nitrogen fertilization increases its value (61,67).
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KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Eva. "Hodnocení semenářských vlastností hrachoru lučního a vikve ptačí a jejich uplatnění v trvalých travních porostech." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188435.
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The theme of the thesis are climbing legumes meadow vetchling (Lathyrus pratensis) and tufted vetch (Vicia cracca). The literature search defines watched kinds of legumes and their occurence in permanent grassland. There is summarized seed growing of legumes because of its problematic production. Legumes are valuable components of grassland especially thanks to fixation of nitrogen and high capacity of proteins. The practical part is focused on observation of floristic compilation of watched locations for three years. Particular locations were compared from the point of view of changes in land management and weather. Pods and seeds of observed kinds were collected and evaluated in single years. Experiments of seed's field germination were done after different period from picking and in case of various treatment.
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TICHÁ, Pavlína. "Analýza pastevních porostů ve vybraném zemědělském podniku a návrh vhodného systému a intenzity pastvy." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174098.
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This thesis at first discusses the importance of permanent grasslands, establishing and revival of pastures, further dividing agrobotanical groups, homogeneity of pastures and the treatment and fertilization of grasslands. The second part focuses on the breeding of cattle, commercial properties and targets in breeding herds. It deals with the Aberdeen angus beef, that is kept at monitored sites. In addition, the organization and the division of pastures. The third part contains observational monitoring of grassland. The effects of different grazing systems on pasture vegetation were observed at the selected pastures areas. Forage crop characteristics were measured and the suitable grazing system was designed and system of usage and treatment of pasture vegetation was designed. The observation was greatly complicated because of the excessive rainfall (floods) in the first third of the grazing season.
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SEJPKOVÁ, Jana. "Vliv různých způsobů obhospodařování na travní porosty." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174527.
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The aim of this thesis is to assess the impact of farming on grassland and assess the frequency of use of grassland on yield and quality of forage biomass. A part of this thesis is also a recommendation of possible management changes of evaluated grasslands. Botanical inventory surveys were conducted on agricultural lands Bílovské zemědělské a.s., in the northern Plzeň region. There have been selected three sites, two meadows and one pasture vegetation. The comprehensive analysis of the stand composition was created by agrotechnology of meadows. An important part of this thesis is to assess the impact of different grassland management practices with regard to their economic, social and ecological importance.
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Maršálková, Lucie. "Vliv hnojení na druhovou diverzitu trvalého travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-169653.
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Lošák, Martin. "Vliv intenzity využití na druhovou skladbu trvalého travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-92929.
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Hrazdírová, Eva. "Vliv intenzity hnojení na druhovou skladbu trvalého travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-95089.
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Štros, Michal. "Vliv minerálního hnojení na výnosy a kvalitu polopřirozeného travního porostu." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-250640.
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This diploma thesis is focused on research of fertilization effect and the intensity of use on species composition of permanent grassland in the habitat of Kameničky. Factors which were evaluated are these: fertilization intensity (unfertilized, PK, 90N+PK and 180N+PK) and the intensity of use (double-cutting and triple-cutting grassland). The evaluation was carried out in 2013 and 2014. The results show that in grasslands fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizers the proportion of grass increases (P < 0,05) and the proportion of herbs decreases (P < 0,05) in comparison with unfertilized grasslands. At the same time dry forage yield increases (P < 0,05). Grasslands with high production of quality forage, however species-poor are the result of increasing nutrients dose. Unfertilized grassland are species-rich but with the low value of quality grasslands. Double-cutting grasslands had higher average yields than triple-cutting grasslands. However, triple-cutting grasslands had higher values of Hill's diversity index than double-cutting.
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Vančurová, Jana. "Vliv pastvy ovcí na travní porosty v Chráněné krajinné oblasti Beskydy." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-427838.
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The aim of this thesis was to assess and evaluate the species composition of grazing stands in two localities. The aim was also to find out what species in the Beskydy protected landscape area (PLA) dominated, how the species composition of the stand changed with altitude, pedological and climatic conditions. As the quality of grassland, diversity indices changed, there were demonstrable differences between sites and affected grass grazing during the year. Phytosociological imagery using projective dominance was used to compare the species composition of the stand and the Zurich-Montpellier system was used to casify plant communities. For the evaluation of the species composition of the foot stands, the calculation of the mean nitrogen number, mean water number, grassland quality, McNaughton's dominance index, Hill's diversity index, Shannon diversity index, Pielou's equivalence index, qualitative similarity index and statistical evaluation were used. The locality Za Kopcem was dominated by Festuca rubra L. and Festuca pratensis Huds., Dactylis glomerata L. and Trifolium repens L. in the locality Hutisko. The species composition was influenced by environmental conditions, which was also proved by the quality of grassland. The locality Za Kopcem balanced the low to medium diversity index, the Hutisko locality reached a medium diversity index. There were statistically significant differences between sites. Extensive grazing has caused an increase in herbs and the optimal pasture load has increased the incidence of lower grasses.