Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trypanosomosis

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Academic literature on the topic 'Trypanosomosis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Trypanosomosis"

1

Fesseha, Haben, Eyob Eshetu, Mesfin Mathewos, and Tishine Tilante. "Study on Bovine Trypanosomiasis and Associated Risk Factors in Benatsemay District, Southern Ethiopia." Environmental Health Insights 16 (January 2022): 117863022211018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786302221101833.

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Trypanosomosis is an endemic livestock disease in Ethiopia that hinders livestock production and productivity, especially in fertile agricultural western and southwestern areas. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based and parasitological studies were conducted from October 2020 to July 2021 in the Benatsemay district, southern Ethiopia to assess the knowledge of livestock owners about trypanosomosis, its prevalence, and host-related risk factors associated with bovine trypanosomosis in the area. According to the questionnaire survey, trypanosomosis was the main bottleneck to cattle in two of the selected study Sites in the Benatsemay district. The parasitological survey revealed that 11.46% (44/384) of the cattle were infected with trypanosomosis. Moreover, Trypanosoma congolense (9.11%) is the leading trypanosome species in the area, followed by T. vivax (31.8%). The adult age group (16.15%), poor-conditioned cattle (22.22%), and black-skinned cattle (34.24%) were significantly associated ( P < .05) with trypanosomosis infection in the study area. Furthermore, the mean packed cell volume (PCV) of parasitaemic cattle (22.75%) was significantly ( P < .05) lower than that of aparasitaemic cattle (29.23%). Therefore, the present study revealed that the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in the study area and participatory vector control and the rational use of trypanocidal drugs should be implemented to control trypanosomosis in the area.
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Mekuria, Solomon, Tesfu K. Mekonnen, and Nigatu Kebede. "Community Perception on Trypanosomosis, Parasitological, and Entomological Studies in Two Selected Districts of South Omo Zone, Ethiopia." Veterinary Medicine International 2021 (December 24, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8439698.

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Participatory investigation and trypanosomosis prevalence studied during April 2019 and March 2020 in two selected districts of South Omo, Ethiopia. The study site is located in the gridline of 04.90 to 5.60oN and 35.80 to 36.900 E. Twelve community groups are employed. A cross-sectional study design and 288 animals bled and examined a wet film prepared from the buffy coat. Sixty NGU traps baited with acetone and cow urine were deployed for 48 hrs to estimate the apparent density. Data generated from focus group discussion and trypanosomosis prevalence analyzed using an appropriate statistical package. Proportional piling showed that cattle, goats, and sheep were proportionally dominant with a high median score of 32(14–40), 26(12–33), and 21(5–23), respectively; trypanosomosis ranked first with a proportional median score of 24(13–26) followed by contagious bovine/caprine pleuropneumonia with a proportional median score of 23(19–26) among others. Community unanimously agreed that (W = 0.9) trypanosomosis affects their socioeconomic status and was able to describe clinical signs with significant (p < 0.05) agreement. Tsetse fly (Echut and Kusubo) is the main vector with the agreement of W = 0.9(p < 0.05). Perception on human trypanosomosis varies between Benna Tsemay and Gnagatom districts. Therefore, further study supported by laboratory like molecular test is very important to conclude the presence of human trypanosomosis in the suggested area. The overall prevalence of cattle trypanosomosis was 10.1%. The prevalence of trypanosomosis was significantly higher in poor body condition (OR = 2.1, P < 0.05) and in black coat color (OR = 13.5, P < 0.05) animals. T. congolense and T. vivax were circulating in the area. A total of 455 Glossina (385 G. pallidipes, 17 G. tachinoides, and 53 G. fuscipes) were trapped. The overall apparent density of Glossina was 3.79 Flies/Trap/Day. Three species of Glossina, namely G. pallidipes, G. tachinoides, and G. fuscipes, were distributed in the study areas. Therefore, the finding suggests that the problem is significant and the human trypanosomosis is doubtful. Hence regular control measures and molecular diagnosis need to be conducted.
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HENDRICKX, G., A. NAPALA, J. H. W. SLINGENBERGH, R. DE DEKEN, J. VERCRUYSSE, and D. J. ROGERS. "The spatial pattern of trypanosomosis prevalence predicted with the aid of satellite imagery." Parasitology 120, no. 2 (2000): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099005338.

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Information on the spatial pattern of African animal trypanosomosis forms a prerequisite for rational disease management, but few data exist for any country in the continent. The present study describes a raster or grid-based Geographic Information System for Togo, a country representative of subhumid West Africa, with data layers on tsetse, trypanosomosis, animal production, agriculture and land use. The paper shows how trypanosomosis prevalence and packed cell volume (PCV) map displays may be predicted from correlations between representative field data and environmental and satellite data acquired from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Meteosat platforms. Discriminant analytical methods were used to assess the relationship between the amount of field data used and the accuracy of the predictions obtained. The accuracy of satellite derived predictions decreases from tsetse abundance to trypanosomosis prevalence to PCV value. The predictions improve when eco-climatic and epidemiological predictors are combined. In Togo, and probably elsewhere, the patterns of trypanosomosis prevalence and PCV are much influenced by animal husbandry and other anthropogenic factors. Additional predictor variables, incorporating these influences might therefore further improve the models.
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GUTIERREZ, CARLOS, JUAN A. CORBERA, MANUEL MORALES, and PHILIPPE BÜSCHER. "Trypanosomosis in Goats." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1081, no. 1 (2006): 300–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1373.040.

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Balcha, Esayas, and Hasen Kasa. "Study on the Prevalence and Host-Related Risk Factors of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Selected Kebeles of Konta Zone District, South Western Ehiopia." International Journal of Agriculture, Biology & Environment 03, no. 04 (2022): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47504/ijagri.2022.3.4.2.

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Trypanosomosis is a disease caused by several species of protozoa parasites called trypanosomes found in the blood and other tissues of vertebrates including livestock, wildlife & people. The objective of this cross sectional study was to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, identify species of trypanosomes involved and access associated risk factor in Ameya Zuria Woreda. In this study, over all prevalence of 12.8 % (49/ 384) bovine trypanosomosis was recorded. Prevalence of 9.4 % and 16.9 % was observed in female and malecattle respectively. Bovine trypanosomosis with prevalence of 18.5%, 11.8%, 10.4%, 10.8% & 11.8% was recorded in Chebera, Cheta, Dupa, Serishewa and Yora peasant associations respectively. The prevalence of 5.6%, 14.3 6% and 16.7 were recorded in cattle of young, adult and old respectively. Two species of trypanosomosis T.congulense and Brucei were detected with a prevalence of 11.2% and 1.7 % respectively. In the current study, the prevalence of trypanosomosisbased on body condition scores were recorded as good, medium, and poor as 6.8 %, 9.9 % and 21.3 % respectively. Based on coat color, prevalence of 26.4%, 15.8%, 8.5% and 5.8 were recorded in black, grey, red and white color respectively. Based on Hematological finding to PCV <25 and PCV ≥ 25 78.6% were recorded anemic while 21.4 % were normal. In conclusion, this study indicated that trypanosomosis was the major constraint of livestock production in the Ameya Zuria Woreda *20therefore; concerned individuals should strengthen and continue the effort against this parasitic disease.
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Alemu, Gossa, and Rahmeto Abebe. "Prevalence and Risk Factors of Trypanosomosis in Dromedary Camels in the Pastoral Areas of the Guji Zone in Ethiopia." Journal of Parasitology Research 2023 (July 14, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8611281.

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Camel trypanosomosis is a life-threatening disease with adverse effects on camel health, production, and working efficiency. Despite this, camel trypanosomosis has received much less attention in Ethiopia compared with the disease in cattle and other animals. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of camel trypanosomosis, identify the potential risk factors, and determine the importance of trypanosomosis in causing anemia in camels in the Gorodola and Liben districts in the Guji Zone of Oromia Regional State in Ethiopia. To this end, blood samples were collected from randomly selected 450 camels in heparinized capillary tubes and analyzed for the presence of Trypanosoma evansi using the buffy coat technique and Giemsa-stained thin smears. T. evansi infection was detected in 24 (5.3%) of the 450 camels examined. Out of the four variables analyzed in this study, two factors, such as body condition (BC) score and age, were found to be significantly ( P < 0.05 ) associated with trypanosomosis in camels. A higher prevalence of trypanosomosis was observed in camels in poor BC (13.22%) than in camels in good (4.62%) or moderate (1.01%) BC. Likewise, adult camels (8.09%) were infected more frequently than young camels (1.12%), whereas no trypanosomes were detected in camel calves under 2 years of age. No significant statistical difference was found between the two districts, and male and female camels ( P > 0.05 ). Statistically, the mean packed cell volume was significantly lower ( P < 0.05 ) in parasitemic camels ( 26.5 % ± 7 ) as compared with aparasitemic camels ( 33.9 % ± 9.1 ). In conclusion, the current study conducted during a dry season showed a moderate prevalence of trypanosomosis in camels. Further studies using more sensitive and specific diagnostic tests, such as miniature anion-exchange centrifugation technique, serology, or molecular tests, are needed to establish a true epidemiological dataset on the prevalence and seasonality of the disease and its vectors in the study area to recommend viable control measures.
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Mugunieri, G. L., and G. O. Matete. "Association of trypanosomosis risk with dairy cattle production in western Kenya." Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 72, no. 4 (2005): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v72i4.176.

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Dairy cattle reared in western Kenya are exposed to medium to high levels of trypanosomosis risk. The social background, farm characteristics and dairy cattle productivity of 90 and 30 randomly selected farmers from medium- and high-risk trypanosomosis areas, respectively, were compared. All the 120 farmers were visited between July and August 2002. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. The results showed that increased trypanosomosis risk represented by an increase in disease prevalence in cattle of 1% to 20 % decreased the density of dairy cattle by 53 % and increased the calving interval from 14 to 25 months. The increased risk was also associated with a significant increase in cattle mortalities and in a lactation period of 257 to 300 days. It was concluded that removal of the trypanosomosis constraint on dairy production would lead to expansion of dairying since the domestic demand for dairy products is expected to increase.
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Hidoto, Asefa Israel, and Natinael Dawit Kalacho. "Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Density of Tsetse Fly in Duguna Fango District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Innovations in Medical Research 2, no. 10 (2023): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/jimr/2023.10.03.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to April 2018 in Diguna Fango district in Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia, with the objectives to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and to assess the distribution and apparent densities of vectors of the trypanosomosis. A parasitological study using buffy coat technique was employed for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis while monoconical traps were used for the vector studies. A total of 192 cattle randomly selected from the study population were examined for the parasitological study. The result of parasitological study revealed that the overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was found to be 7.3% in Duguna Fango district. The prevalence showed no significant difference in susceptibility between sex categories and in age groups (P>0.05). From the infected animals the prevalence for trypanosome species was 14.3% and 85.7% for T. vivax and T. congolense, respectively. The mean PCV values of parasitaemic and aparasitaemic animals were 19.7% and 25.7, respectively. About 20 monoconical traps in two kebele (Bilate and Anka) of Duguna Fango districts were deployed for 72 hours with odour attractants for the vector studies. There were 22 G. pallidipes and 43 tabanus had been collected from the study site with the respective density of 1.1 and 2.15 fly/trap/day. Therefore, implementing control of trypanosomosis with an integrated approach was paramount importance in areas of the study site.
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Bekele, Dagim, and Ahimadin Beshir. "Host Related Risk Factors of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Vector Density in Halu District of Ilubabor Zone, West Ethiopia." Veterinary Medicine – Open Journal 6, no. 1 (2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/vmoj-6-156.

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Background Trypanosomosis is disease caused by unicellular parasites, trypanosome, found blood and other tissue of vertebrates; including livestock, wild life and people. It is a serious disease in domestic livestock causing a significant negative impact on food production and economic growth in many parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Its epidemiology and impact on livestock production are largely determined by the prevalence and distribution of the disease and its vectors in the affected area. Aim To assess the host related risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis and apparent density of tsetse flies in four peasant associations of the study area. In relation to the host risk factors, the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was highest in those animals with poor body condition. Results The overall 5.32% prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was recorded from 432 blood sample collected from randomly selected animals using Buffy coat method. Trypanosoma congolense was the dominant species 14 (60.87%). However, it was not statistically significant between sex of animals (p>0.05). The mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of the infected animals was lower (20.65%±2.85) compared to non-infected animals (25.74%±4.80). There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the PCV values of infected and non-infected animals. Moreover, animals with different body condition exhibited statistically significant variation (p<0.05) in the prevalence of trypanosomosis. Overall an apparent density of the flies was 2.42 f/t/d by using mono-pyramidal and biconical traps. It indicated that, G. morsitance submorsitance, G. pallidipes and G. tachinoides were tsetse flies species caught. Conclusion Finally, this work showed that trypanosomosis is an important disease affecting the health and productivity of cattle in the district. Hence, due attention should be given to this sector so as to improve livestock production and agricultural development in the area.
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Morka, Abesh Birhanu. "Ethnoveterinary Study Against Animal Trypanosomosis by Berta Community in Assosa Zone, Northwest Ethiopia." Indian Journal of Advanced Zoology 5, no. 1 (2025): 4–10. https://doi.org/10.54105/ijz.a2917.05010425.

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The Berta community has utilized local medicinal plants to manage various animal diseases, including trypanosomosis, which significantly impacts livestock productivity and rural livelihoods. Traditional medicine practitioners in the Assosa Zone of Northwest Ethiopia have used various ethnoveterinary practices to control animal trypanosomosis. Thus the purpose of the current study was to document these practices in the three districts of Assosa Zone Bambasi, Homesha, and Meng Woreds. An ethnobotanical study was carried out from February 2023 to September 2024. In total, 60 respondents (41 men’s and 19 women’s) were selected using a multistage random sampling method. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews, field observations, and preference ranking. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, preference ranking, and informant consensus factor. The study identified 35 medicinal plants used in ethnoveterinary practices to treat animal trypanosomosis in the district. The most common family is Solanaceae (3 spp.), followed by Asteraceae (2spp.), Aloaceae (2spp.), Barssiacea (2spp.), Fabaceae (2spp.) and Rutaceae (2spp.). The local people generally used the leaves, followed by root, and bark plant parts to prepare drugs for treating livestock trypanosomosis diseases. The great majority (48.5%) of the medicinal plant's growth form was herbs, which were mainly administered orally, and the method of preparation was crushing. The majority (65.4%) of the medicinal plants were gathered from the wild habitat. Documentation of the indigenous knowledge among medicinal plants on the treatment of animal trypanosomosis should be valuable for future phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of new veterinary.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trypanosomosis"

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Van, den Bossche Peter. "The development of a new strategy for the sustainable control of bovine trypanosomosis in Southern Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28122.

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Previously, strategy formulation for large-scale eradication of tsetse in southern Africawas dominated by straightforward technical considerations. The current shift to localised control of tsetse-transmitted bovine trypanosomosis has changed the emphasis from the vector to the disease. Nagana remains the main reason for intervening but control methods will differ according to the local situation and interventions will be restricted to those areas where the disease is present. As a result, the technical criteria to be considered will differ substantially from those considered in the planning for large-scale eradication. First, a clear picture of the extent and magnitude of the bovine trypanosomosis problem is required. Second, the selection ofthe most efficient intervention methods will vary according to the local epidemiological situation. Hence, the different epidemiological situations need to be identified and the effectiveness of available control methods needs to be evaluated in each of the situations. Finally, the long-term sustainability of an intervention will depend, to a large extent, upon the socio-economic impact of the disease and perceived benefits accruing from its control. Tsetse-transmitted bovine trypanosomosis occurs in large areas of Malawi, Zambia,Zimbabwe and Namibia. The epidemiology of the disease differs substantially between areas. On the plateau of eastern Zambia, for example, cattle are kept in a tsetse infested area. Because of the encroachment of people and cattle into the tsetse infested area and the concomitant reduction in the number of game animals, tsetse have become highly dependent on cattle as their source of food. As a result, the distribution and density of tsetse is determined largely by the distribution and changes in the distribution or grazing pattern of cattle. Trypanosoma congolense is the main.trypanosome species in tsetse and cattle. The prevalence of congolense-type trypanosomal infections in tsetse undergoes little variations between months and is affected mainly by the average age of the tsetse population. The incidence of bovine trypanosomosis is significantly correlated with the density of the tsetse population.Bovine trypanosomosis is also prevalent in areas where cattle are kept adjacent to a tsetse-infested zone or where tsetse occasionally invade a tsetse-free area. In Malawi,for example, the main foci of bovine trypanosomosis are located adjacent to tsetse infested national parks, game reserves or forest reserves. Bovine trypanosomosis also occurs far outside the known tsetse foci because of the seasonal movement of tsetse,along rivers or because of, often small, undetected tsetse foci. Such foci have been detected in Malawi and in Zimbabwe. In most of the areas, bovine trypanosomosis is caused by T congolense. However, the prevalence of T vivax infections is high in areas where tsetse take a large proportion of feeds on game animals. Please read the full abstract in the section 00 front of this document.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2000.<br>Veterinary Tropical Diseases<br>unrestricted
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Mamoudou. "Trypanosomosis and trypanocidal drug resistance on the Adamaoua Plateau in Cameroon /." Berlin : Mensch- & -Buch-Verl, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015960577&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Kingston, Demelza. "Investigating central nervous system trypanosomosis in working equids in The Gambia." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30682/.

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Working equids, vital to many of the world’s most economically vulnerable people, face many challenges to their health, welfare and productivity. In The Gambia, West Africa, appropriate nutrition, husbandry and veterinary assistance are limited, while infectious disease is a constant threat, particularly the parasitic disease trypanosomosis. The prevalence of generalised trypanosomosis in working equids attending the Gambia Horse and Donkey Trust show in 2013 using PCR was 55.4%. Trypanosoma congolense was most prevalent (47.0%), followed by T. vivax (15.7%) and T. brucei s.l. (2.4%). Mixed infections were common (9.4%) and T. congolense/ T. vivax coinfection appeared to have the greatest clinical effect. Spread of T. brucei parasites to the central nervous system (CNS), confirmed using immunohistochemistry and PCR, causes severe CNS dysfunction. Horses showed spastic paraparesis that rapidly progressed to recumbency, while donkeys more often displayed somnolence and cranial nerve dysfunction with a slower deterioration. The disease was fatal in all cases. Histopathology revealed diffuse lymphocytic-plasmacytic meningoencephalo-myelitis with marked perivascular cuffing, particularly in the white matter. T cells were prominent in this first study of lymphocyte distribution in equine CNS trypanosomosis. Extensive reactive astrocytosis was also demonstrated. Currently, a reliable diagnosis of equine CNS requires post mortem samples. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was assessed for the diagnosis of equine T. brucei infection for the first time in both blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). An entomological survey showed that Glossina morsitans submorsitans was common in dry woodland areas while G. palpalis gambiensis was found in riverine habitats. The prevalence of T. brucei in the midguts of Glossina specimens was 1.7% and equine DNA was found in tsetse bloodmeals, providing evidence for ongoing interaction between host, parasite and vector. Atylotus agrestis, vector of T. vivax and T. congolense, was present in large numbers in village areas. Equine DNA was detected in one A. agrestis specimen, however, no evidence of T. brucei in association with these flies was found. Finally, microsatellite genotyping was used for the first time to investigate T. brucei populations in equine trypanosomosis in The Gambia. The results revealed a heterogenous population, providing further evidence for a tsetse-transmitted mode of transmission. No evidence of population clustering by disease type or host species was detected, suggesting that host factors determine pathogenesis. Initial evidence for the involvement of the tsetse vector supports evaluation of vector control methods although further analysis of T. brucei populations in insect vectors and their relationships with those infecting equids is recommended. The clinicopathological descriptions will be of use in further study of equine CNS trypanosomosis and the development of new therapeutics and LAMP has the potential to facilitate research, especially in the study of CNS infection which has, up to now, relied on post mortem confirmation.
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[Verfasser], Mamoudou. "TRYPANOSOMOSIS AND TRYPANOCIDAL DRUG RESISTANCE ON THE ADAMAOUA PLATEAU IN CAMEROON / Mamoudou." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1022455982/34.

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SEIXAS, Jorge. "Investigations on the encephalopathie syndrome during melarsoprol treatment of human african trypanosomosis." Doctoral thesis, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/56814.

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Dethoua, Yandjima Louise Mariette. "Nouvelles approches thérapeutiques et pronostiques dans les trypanosomoses." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON13511.

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La trypanosomose humaine africaine, maladie tropicale négligée sévit en Afrique subsaharienne dans les zones rurales reculées avec un accès difficile aux soins de santé. Les traitements disponibles sont coûteux et nécessitent d'importantes ressources humaines et logistiques. En dépit du manque des personnels de santé qualifiés dans les zones d'endémie, la population fait souvent recours à la médecine traditionnelle. Ainsi la recherche de nouvelles molécules actives semble nécessaire pour contribuer à l'effort de recherches d'alternatives thérapeutiques contre la THA. In vitro des plantes médicinales de la République Centrafricaine de la famille des combretaceae ont présenté une activité trypanocide sur T. brucei brucei.Plusieurs cas d'infection humaine par des trypanosomes parasites de l'animal ont été également rapportés. Le nombre de ces infections est probablement sous-estimé. Certaines sont généralement guéris d'une manière spontanée, d'autres nécessitent une prise en charge thérapeutique. Des médicaments conventionnels disponibles contre la THA ainsi que le fexinidazole en phase d'essai clinique et la combinaison NECT se sont révélés efficaces contre le T. lewisi (parasite naturel de rat, à l'origine de la trypanosomose humaine atypique) in vitro en comparaison avec T. brucei gambiense et in vivo chez le rat. Enfin, le taux d'arginase sérique, enzyme associée au THA est élevé chez les patients trypanosomés par rapport aux sujets sains du foyer. Ce taux est revenu à la normale après un traitement efficace. Ainsi, l'évaluation de l'arginase sérique peut donc être considérée comme un bio marqueur du suivi de l'efficacité du traitement<br>The Human African Trypanosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa mainly in remote rural with poor access to health care. Available treatments are expensive and require significant human and logistical resources. Despite the lack of skilled health workers in endemic areas, people often fall back on to traditional medicine. Therefore investigating for new molecules seems necessary to contribute to the effort of research for alternatives therapies against HAT. In vitro, medicinal plants from the combretaceae family in Central African Republic showed trypanocidal activity on T. brucei brucei.Several cases of human infection with trypanosome parasites of animals have also been reported. The number of infections is probably underestimated. Some are usually cured in a spontaneous way, others require therapeutic care. Conventional drugs available against the THA, NECT combination and fexinidazole in clinical trial phase proved to be effective against T. lewisi (natural parasite of rats, causing atypical human Trypanosomosis) in vitro compared with T. brucei gambiense and in vivo in rats. Finally, the level of serum arginase, enzyme associated with the THA, is high in Trypanosomosis patients compared to healthy subjects from the same area. This rate is back to normal after effective treatment. Thus, the assessment of serum arginase may be considered as a biomarker for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment
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Emslie, Forbes Richard. "A field evaluation of three trypanosomosis control strategies in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03022006-132100/.

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Bennison, James John. "The effects of nutrition and trypanosomosis on the productivity of trypanotolerant N'Dama cattle." Thesis, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263259.

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Salah, A. A. "Epidemiological studies on camel trypanosomosis (surra) and its control and economic impact in Somaliland." Thesis, Salah, A.A. (2016) Epidemiological studies on camel trypanosomosis (surra) and its control and economic impact in Somaliland. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/36203/.

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Surra is a disease caused by the pathogenic trypanosome, Trypanosoma evansi, and is distributed throughout Africa, Asia and South America. The study outlined in this thesis was conducted to determine the epidemiology of trypanosomosis in camels, its economic impact on camels raised under a traditional pastoral production system and potential vectors that could transmit the disease between camels in Somaliland. Prior to this study there was limited information on the distribution and impact of surra in camels in Somaliland, although field reports indicated significant losses of production and consequently impact on the livelihood of pastoralists. In this study 2,575 camels were sampled from 144 herds and tested with the CATT/T. evansi. The animal level test seroprevalence observed was 26.4% (95% CI 24.8, 28.2) (real prevalence after adjusting for test sensitivity and specificity was 38.2%; 95% CI: 36.0, 40.0). The seroprevalence varied significantly between regions (p < 0.05) with a higher level (37.2%) in Sahil than in Awdal (19.3%) or Waqoyi Galbed (17.4%). A susceptible-infectious-subclinical (SIC) model was constructed in order to determine criteria for successful disease control by mass and targeted chemotherapy. This was used to simulate and estimate the economic benefits of four different control options against surra in camels. Adopting biannual treatment of all camels, monthly targeted treatment of clinically sick camels or biannual targeted treatment of seropositive camels was estimated to result in a benefit of US$141,431, 170,577 and 114,625 per village (80 camels) for a five year period in the study area, respectively. The prevalence after five years of control was predicted to be 7.4, 6.4 and 6.7% for the biannual treatment of all camels, monthly targeted treatment of clinically sick camels or biannual targeted treatment of seropositive camels, respectively compared with 72.2% if no treatments were applied. The annual revenue lost in the studied camel herds was estimated at US$404,630 (20159 camels studied) if no treatment was administered. The greatest loss was associated with decreased milk yield (US$314,630). As part of this research Nzi and biconical traps were set to trap tabanids responsible for transmitting trypanosomosis. Three genera of tabanids were trapped (Philoliche, Tabanus and Haematopota) and these flies were recognised as potential vectors of trypanosomosis in camels. Philoliche species were the most widely distributed and abundant biting flies in the area. The activity of the biting flies differed throughout the day, with the highest activity observed in the middle of the day and the lowest in the afternoon. There was a significant difference between the alighting sites of biting flies on camels, with the lower body and belly of camels being the preferred sites compared to the upper body (head, neck and hump). In this study on average 0.87 ± 0.34 flies of the Philoliche genus alighted on the lower body and belly of camels in the middle of the day. The results of this study strongly support the need for implementation of surveillance and control programs for trypanosomosis in camel herds in Somaliland.
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Grace, Delia. "Epidemiology and control of cattle trypanosomosis in villages under risk of trypanocide resistance in west Africa." Berlin : Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2006. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2006/163/index.html.

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Books on the topic "Trypanosomosis"

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Leak, S. G. A. Tsetse biology and ecology: Their role in the epidemiology and control of trypanosomosis. CABI Publishing in association with International Livestock Research Institute, 1999.

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P, Boyt W., ed. A field guide for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of African animal trypanosomosis. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998.

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Mattausch, Michael. Epidemiologische untersuchungen der trypanosomosis von rind und schaf im anschluss an eine tsetsefliegen-tilgung in den weidegebieten von Sidéradougou, Burkina Faso. [s.n.], 1990.

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Oxford, Environmental Research Group, ed. Environmental change and the autonomous control of tsetse and trypanosomosis in sub-Saharan Africa: Case histories from Ethiopia, the Gambia, Kenya, Nigeria and Zimbabwe. Environmental Research Group Oxford Ltd., 2001.

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FAO/IAEA, Seminar for Africa 2nd Zanzibar 1995. Animal trypanosomosis: Vector and disease control using nuclear techniques: proceedings of the second FAO/IAEA seminar for Africa, 27 November-1 December 1995, Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania. Backhuys, 1999.

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FAO/IAEA Seminar for Africa (2nd 1995 Zanzibar). Animal trypanosomosis: Vector and disease control using nuclear techniques : proceedings of the second FAO/IAEA Seminar for Africa, 27 November-1 December 1995, Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania. Backhuys, 1999.

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Affognon, Hippolyte. Étude des politiques relatives aux stratégies de gestion de la chimiorésistance dans le cadre de la lutte contre la trypanosomose en Afrique de l'ouest: Cas du Mali : gestion de la chimiorésistance dans le cadre de la lutte intégrée contre la trypanosomose dans la zone contonnière de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. International Livestock Research Institute, 2009.

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Gibson, W. African trypanosomosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0049.

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The African trypanosomoses are diseases of both man and his livestock. There are two forms of human trypanosomosis or sleeping sickness: Gambian or Rhodesian sleeping sickness, roughly corresponding to a West, Central or East African distribution respectively. Gambian sleeping sickness runs a more protracted and chronic course than the Rhodesian form; nevertheless, human trypanosomosis is invariably fatal if not treated. Animal reservoir hosts, both wild and domestic, assume greater importance for Rhodesian sleeping sickness than Gambian sleeping sickness, and the former is often an occupational hazard of those visiting or working in wildlife areas, e.g. tourists, hunters. Animal trypanosomosis transmitted by tsetse is generally referred to as Nagana, while the disease transmitted by other bloodsucking flies outside the African tsetse belt is known chiefly as Surra, but also by a variety of local names.Sleeping sickness control measures are aimed either at the trypanosome or the fly. Human cases are detected by active or passive surveillance and cured by treatment with trypanocidal drugs.Control of the tsetse vector is by application of residual insecticides or bush clearing and, more recently, by traps or insecticide-impregnated targets, or by wholesale release of sterile males. Tsetse control is more widely employed for the control of animal trypanosomosis than sleeping sickness.
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Schofield, C. J. American trypanosomosis (Chagas disease). Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0050.

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American trypanosomosis is due to infection with Trypanosoma cruzi (Protozoa, Kinetoplastidae). This is a widespread parasite of small mammals and marsupials throughout most of the Americas, roughly from the Great Lakes of North America (approx. 42 ° N) to southern Argentina (approx. 46 ° S). It is mainly transmitted by blood-sucking bugs of the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) which are widespread in the Americas, but rare in the Old World. Except in some research laboratories, and infected immigrants from Latin America, T.cruzi has not been reported from the Old World, although closely-related trypanosome species are commonly found in Old and New World bats.Human infection with T.cruzi is generally known as Chagas disease, taking the name of Brasilian clinician Carlos Justiniano das Chagas who first described it from patients in central Brasil (Chagas 1909). Chagas isolated and described the parasite, correctly deduced most of its life-cycle and clinical symptoms associated with the infection, identified the insect vectors and some of the reservoir hosts, and also trialed initial attempts to control it. He was nominated at least twice for the Nobel prize in medicine (Coutinho and Dias 2000; Lewinsohn 2003).Although difficult to treat, Chagas disease can be controlled by measures to halt transmission, primarily by eliminating domestic populations of the insect vectors, together with serological screening to avoid transmission by blood donation from infected donors. Since 1991, a series of multinational initiatives have used this approach to halt transmission over vast regions of the areas previously endemic for the human infection. Estimated prevalence of the human infection has declined from the 1990 estimate of 16–18 million people infected, to the current estimate of just over 7 million infected (OPS 2006; Schofield &amp; Kabayo 2008). Prevalence is expected to decline further, and control strategies are now being adjusted to develop a sustainable system of disease surveillance, focal vector control, and specific treatment for any new cases (Schofield et al. 2006; WHO 2007). Guidance for diagnosis and treatment is also required for non-endemic countries, where recent years have seen increasing migration from Latin America such that cases of chronic Chagas disease have now been reported from amongst Latin American migrants in Europe, USA and Canada, and Japan, together with some congenital cases and transmission from infected blood donors and by organ transplant.
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Animal trypanosomosis: Diagnosis and epidemiology : results of a FAO/IAEA co-ordinated research programme on the use of immunoassay methods for improved diagnosis of trypanosomosis and monitoring tsetse and trypanosomosis control programmes. International Atomic Energy Agency, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trypanosomosis"

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Bornstein, Set. "Trypanosomosis." In Infectious Diseases of Dromedary Camels. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79389-0_46.

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Rayulu, V. C., and V. Gnani Charitha. "American Trypanosomosis." In Textbook of parasitic zoonoses. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7204-0_13.

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Gimonneau, Geoffrey, Jean-Baptiste Rayaisse, and Jérémy Bouyer. "6. Integrated control of trypanosomosis." In Ecology and Control of Vector-borne Diseases. Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-863-6_6.

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Namangala, Boniface, and Steven Odongo. "Animal African Trypanosomosis in Sub-Saharan Africa and Beyond African Borders." In Trypanosomes and Trypanosomiasis. Springer Vienna, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1556-5_10.

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Jung, Taewoo, Esla Timothy Anzaku, Utku Özbulak, Stefan Magez, Arnout Van Messem, and Wesley De Neve. "Automatic Detection of Trypanosomosis in Thick Blood Smears Using Image Pre-processing and Deep Learning." In Intelligent Human Computer Interaction. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68452-5_27.

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Zekarias, Amdework, Habtamu Taddele, and Amanuel Zenebe. "Influence of Climate Variables on Vector and Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Tselemti District, North West Tigray, Ethiopia." In Climate Change Management. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49520-0_19.

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Gibson, W. "African Trypanosomosis." In Zoonoses. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192623805.003.0041.

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Abstract The African trypanosomoses are diseases of both man and his livestock. There are two forms of human trypanosomosis or sleeping sickness: Gambian or Rhodesian sleeping sickness, roughly corresponding to a West/Central or East African distribution respectively. Gambian sleeping sickness runs a more protracted and chronic course than the Rhodesian form; nevertheless, human trypanosomosis is invariably fatal if not treated. Animal reservoir hosts, both wild and domestic, assume greater importance for Rhodesian sleeping sickness than Gambian sleeping sickness, and the former is often an occupational hazard of those working in wildlife areas, e.g. hunters. Animal trypanosomosis transmitted by tsetse is generally referred to as Nagana..
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Nlarsden, Philip Davis. "American Trypanosomosis." In Zoonoses. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192623805.003.0042.

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Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi infection is an ancient zoonosis of the New World. It is usually transmitted by faecal soiling of the mammalian integument during the act of feeding of blood-sucking triatomine bugs. Such transmission occurs from New York State to the Argentine pampas including all countries within this wide range. Chagas disease is the term applied to syndromes caused by human infection.
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Olaho-Mukani, William. "Non-Tsetse-Transmitted Animal Trypanosomosis (NTT)." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6433-2.ch006.

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The non-tsetse-transmitted animal trypanosomoses are infections caused by three main mammalian trypanosome species, namely Trypanosoma evansi, T. equiprdum, and T. vivax. Their global distribution is much wider than tsetse-transmitted trypanosomoses and includes Africa and Latin America, Asia, and Euro-Asia. These trypanosomoses affect a very wide range of domestic animals and game and negatively impact on the development of the animal industry, thus directly affecting national economies and people's livelihoods.
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A.N. Akpan, Clara. "Prevalence of Trypanosomosis in Ruminants in Rivers State and Abia State, Nigeria and the Challenges of Trypanosomosis Control in Goat Production." In Goat Science - From Keeping to Precision Production [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1001071.

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Trypanosomosis is one of the major diseases hindering livestock production in tropical Africa. The disease negatively impacts on food production and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. African animal trypanosomosis is a debilitating and often fatal disease of animals, caused by infection with pathogenic protozoan parasites of the genus ‘Trypanosoma’. Recent prevalence study for the infection in ruminants reared in two Southern states of Nigeria (Rivers and Abia) gave zero by the wet mount and buffy coat methods which only suggests low prevalence and may not mean that the infection has been eliminated in the country. More sensitive methods may detect low prevalence. It also suggests that common breeds of ruminants in the area may be genetically resistant to the infection or that they have acquired resistance. Relapse to susceptibility is still possible. So, prophylactic medications and other methods of control for the infection is still necessary in the area.
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