Academic literature on the topic 'Tswana'

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Journal articles on the topic "Tswana"

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Peters, Pauline E., I. Schapera, and John L. Comaroff. "The Tswana." International Journal of African Historical Studies 27, no. 1 (1994): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/220996.

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Volz, Stephen. "Written On Our Hearts: Tswana Christians and the 'Word of God' in the Mid-Nineteenth Century." Journal of Religion in Africa 38, no. 2 (2008): 112–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006608x289657.

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AbstractThe adoption of Christianity by Tswana people in southern Africa during the nineteenth century generally involved being inspired in some way by stories and ideas presented in the Bible, but the role of Christian scripture varied according to local and personal circumstances. Although European missionaries introduced Christianity to the Tswana, they had little control over the different ways that early Tswana converts perceived, adapted and proclaimed the new teaching. This was particularly true among western and northern Tswana in the mid-nineteenth century before the extension of colonial rule into the interior, as many Tswana communities remained largely intact and were able to accommodate Christianity on their own terms. Rather than being simply a European-made tool, the 'lefoko la Modimo' (word of God) was also an expression of Tswana beliefs and aspirations, composed not on passive objects of missionary evangelism, colonial rule or scholarly inquiry 'but on tablets of human hearts'.
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JOHN MAKGALA, CHRISTIAN. "TAXATION IN THE TRIBAL AREAS OF THE BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE, 1899–1957." Journal of African History 45, no. 2 (July 2004): 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853703008697.

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This essay examines, through taxation, the relationship between British colonial administrators, Tswana Dikgosi (chiefs) and their subjects in the Bechuanaland Protectorate from 1899 to 1957. It argues that since Bechuanaland became a British territory through negotiations the Tswana rulers were able to protect their interests aggressively but with little risk of being deposed. Moreover, the Tswana succession system by primogeniture worked to their advantage whenever the British sought to replace them. Taxation was one arena where this was demonstrated. Although consultation between the Dikgosi, their subjects and the British was common, subordinate tribes sometimes fared badly under Tswana rule.
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Roberts, Simon. "The Tswana polity and ‘Tswana law and custom’ reconsidered." Journal of Southern African Studies 12, no. 1 (October 1985): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057078508708111.

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Maree, J. G. "An analysis of some factors that influence Tswana-speaking learners’ achievement in mathematics." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 22, no. 2/3 (September 26, 2003): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v22i2/3.213.

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Inadequate achievement in mathematics is a common phenomenon, especially among black learners where the problem is becoming critical. Tswana learners in the Mafikeng region find themselves in an educational situation that does not always promote the optimal actualisation of their personal potential. An outcome of this situation is inadequate achievement in mathematics. The aim of this study has inter alia been the exploration of the inadequate achievement in mathematics of Tswana learners in the Mafikeng region by administering a Diagnostic Test and a Learner Questionnaire. The cognitive and affective facets of the Tswana learner’s achievement in mathematics were measured. A remedial strategy specifically aimed at the Tswana learner in the Mafikeng region was subsequently devised.
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le Roux, J. C. "Demonstratief in Tswana." South African Journal of African Languages 8, no. 2 (January 1988): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1988.10586749.

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Snyman, P. H. R. "Die Langeberg-rebellie en die totstandkoming van Olifantshoek." New Contree 20 (July 4, 2024): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/nc.v20i0.737.

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The Northern Cape town of Olifantshoek was established early this century in an area previously inhabited by the Tswana. When Britain annexed Bechuanaland in 1885 the land of the indigenous inhabitants was limited to a number of reserves. When British Bechuanaland was incorporated into the Cape Colony in 1895, the reserves remained the property of the Tswana and could only be alienated with the consent of the British Secretary of State for the Colonies. Tswana opposition to White colonisation led to the Langeberg Rebellion of 1896-97, and through drastic government action the Tswana lost a further fifth of their land. The permission for this alienation had been easily obtained from the minister concerned. Farms in the confiscated reserves were surveyed and made available to White farmers. In the former Langeberg Reserve, situated in the south-west of Bechuanaland, a need arose from 1910 onwards for a centre to serve the growing farming community. This led to the laying out of lots at Olifantshoek in 1911 and the institution of a village management board in 1917.
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Huffman, Thomas N. "Archaeological evidence and conventional explanations of southern Bantu settlement patterns." Africa 56, no. 3 (July 1986): 280–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160685.

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Opening ParagraphThe settlements of Bantu-speaking people in Southern Africa vary widely in size and distribution, ranging from the dispersed homesteads of the Nguni to the large towns of the Tswana. These two extremes have interested Africanists since the beginning of the nineteenth century, when Europeans first encountered the Thlaping at Dithakong near present-day Kuruman. Today the contrast between Tswana and Nguni settlements are most often attributed to differences in social stratification, cultural preference or environmental conditions.These conventional explanations provide a focus for considering the meaning of settlement patterns among the southern Bantu. I first develop a model of political and settlement hierarchies to isolate the essential differences between Nguni and Tswana communities, and then I present archaeological evidence that calls into question the conventional explanations.
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Pretorius, Laurette, Biffie Viljoen, Ansu Berg, and Rigardt Pretorius. "Tswana finite state tokenisation." Language Resources and Evaluation 49, no. 4 (December 24, 2014): 831–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10579-014-9292-1.

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Khoza, Katijah, Lebogang Ramma, Munyane Mophosho, and Duduetsang Moroka. "Digit Speech Reception Threshold Testing in Tswana/English Speakers." South African Journal of Communication Disorders 55, no. 1 (December 31, 2008): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajcd.v55i1.766.

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The purpose of this study was to establish whether digit stimuli offer a more accurate measure for Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) testing when assessing first-language Tswana (or Setswana), second-language English speakers, as compared to an English word list (CID W-1) and a Tswana word list. Forty Tswana first language speaking participants (17 males and 23 females) aged between 18 and 25 years, participated in this study. All participants were undergraduate students at a tertiary institution in Johannesburg, Gauteng. This study utilized a quantitative single group correlation design which allowed for a comparison between three SRT scores (CID-SRT, T-SRT, and D-SRT). Participants underwent basic audiological assessment procedures comprising of otoscopy, tympanometry, conventional pure tone audiometry and SRT testing. SRT measures were established using monitored live voice testing. Basic audiometric data were descriptively analyzed to ensure that hearing function was with in normal limits, and PTA-SRT averages and means were calculated. Furthermore, analysis of the SRT-PTA correlation data was conducted through the use of the non-parametric Spearman's correlation co efficient and linear regression. Results from this study were statistically significant (p .05) and indicated that digit-pairs were not the most effective stimuli for establishing SRT, compared to the CIDW-1 and Tswana word lists. On the contrary, findings of the current study revealed that PTA-SRT comparison was best in Tswana (r= 0 .62), followed very closely by CID W-1 (r = 0.61), and lastly digit- pairs (r = 0.60). The results however, confirm the efficacy of using digit pairs as alternative stimuli when more appropriate speech stimuli for the establishment of SRT are unavailable, as the correlation between SRT for digit pairs and PTA was also a strong one (r= 0.60). Linear regression analyses indicated that all three lists were acceptable speech stimuli for the population under investigation with the standard error of estimate being significantly smaller than the 5dB-stepused to collect the data (1.62 for Tswana, 3.56 for CID W-1, and 3.80 for digit-pairs).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tswana"

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Mogase, Emily Phuti. "The speech act of advice in educational contexts in Setswana." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50192.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines data from advice-giving in Setswana relating to pragmatic theorists' argument that every human interaction, to a large extent carries with it an element of threatening one or both participants' face. The speech act of politeness has been identified as one of the most effective speech acts to be employed in giving as well as soliciting advice. Every speech act is influenced by contextual, cultural and many other background factors associated to age, gender and rank to mention a few, which contribute towards how the speech is composed. The issues relating to the theory of politeness prompted this study on the extent to which politeness plays a role in giving advice in an educational context of Setswana speaking students. The study has evaluated Brown and Levinsons' theory of politeness as a universal phenomenon against the findings of my data, in that the universality of these theorists does not quite fit with this study. The variable percentages in this data, especially in giving advice, indicate that politeness does not always exist in terms of positive and negative face in the participants' mind but other considerations related to the goal of the speech act are the main source of the speech act. In this study, politeness in the Setswana school context has demonstrated that politeness has been employed as a strategy for encoding distance between the speaker and the solicitor. The purpose of advising teachers and students through politeness behavior is to mitigate face and to create a favorable context anticipated by the solicitor.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek data oor advies-gee in Setswana wat verband hou met pragmatiekteoretici se argument dat elke menslike interaksie tot 'n groot mate 'n element het dat een, of beide, deelnemers se gesig bedreig word. Die spraakhandeling van beleefdheid is geïdentifiseer as een van die mees effektiewe spraakhandelinge wat ingespan word in die gee, sowel as die vra van advies. Elke spraakhandeling word beïnvloed deur kontekstuele, kulturele en talle ander agtergrondfaktore wat verband hou met onder andere ouderdom, gender en rang, wat bydra tot die wyse waarop die spraakhandeling saamgestel word. Die vraagstukke rakende die beleefdheidsteorie het aanleiding gegee tot hierdie studie oor die mate waartoe beleefdheid 'n rol speel in advies-gee in opvoedkundige kontekste deur Setswana-sprekende persone. Die studie evalueer Brown en Levinson se teorie van die Universele beginsels wat dit stel teenoor die bevindinge van die data verkry in die navorsing oor Setswana-sprekende studente en daar word afgelei dat Brown en Levinson se universalia nie volledig bevestig word nie. Die varieerbaarheid waargeneem ind ie data oor advies-gee dui aan dat beleefdheid nie altyd manifisteer in terme van negatiewe gesig in die deelnemers se oorwegings nie, maar dat ander oorwegings rakende die doelstelling van die spraakhandeling die hoofbron vorm van die spraakhandeling. In hierdie studie, het beleefdheid in die Setswana opvoedkundige konteks aangetoon dat beleefdheid ingespan word as 'n strategie om afstand te vestig tussen die spreker en die hoorder. Die doel van advies-gee aan onderwysers en studente deur beleefdheidsgedrag is om 'n gunstige konteks te vestig, wat verwag word deur die hoorder.
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Pilane, Gabaitsiwe Elizabeth. "An analysis of the construction of Tswana cultural identity in selected Tswana literary texts / Gabaitsiwe Elizabeth Pilane." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2281.

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Mangwegape, Bridget Kesaobaka. "The speech act of apology in Setswana educational contexts." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50527.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An apology in Setswana is offered ;when an individual has violated a social norm or want to restore any form of a complainable. When it is given, it serves as a remedial work,designed to smooth over any social disruption that was caused. Sometimes a person who is suppose to apologize may find reasons to minimize the degree of the offence. If the offence in question is big, a verbal apology may be insufficient to restore the damaged relationship. Male and female learners commit a lot of offences towards each other at school and they are obliged to apologize for such offences. In the process of apologizing, they are faced with a wide chioce of strategies to choose from. In most cases, male learners have a tendency of giving an explanation to their offences. They do not always seek for a direct apology. In the acceptance of their offences, they opt for longer strategies to apologize. Males seem to be either proud or shy to ask for an apology from females. Female learners on the other hand, do not want to use longer strategies to apologize, but they ask for forgiveness immidiately. It is not all the males who do not want to apologize directly to females, but there are some who apologize directly. They are the ones who take females as their equals and they also want to maintain a good relationship with them. The same applies with females, a minimal number of them use longer strategies to apologize. They do not use direct strategies. There are other strategies also useful to Setswana male and female learners, but their use is not so popular. Strategies like explicit acceptance of the blame and expression of self-deficiency are considered the least of manifested. An apology is usually influenced by the way the complainant shows his or her dissatisfaction. Male and female learners also differ with the way they complain. They use complaint strategies differently. Both male and female learners use direct accusation and indirect accusation extensively. But the difference comes by the fact that females are longer with their complaints than males. Females show their annoyance by involving more complaint strategies. Males do not take long to complain, they involve a few strategies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Apologie in Setswana word gedoen wanneer 'n individu 'n sosiale norm oortree het, of enige vorm van 'n klagte wil herstel. Wanneer dit gegee word, dien 'n apologie as remediële werk, ontwerp om enige sosiale ontwrigting wat veroorsaak is, uitstryk. Somtyds kan 'n persoon wat veronderstel is om 'n apologie aan te teken, redes vind om die graad van die oortreding te minimaliseer. Indien die oortreding baie groot is, kan 'n verbale apologie onvoldoende wees om die beskadigde verhouding te herstel. Manlike en vroulike Setswana-sprekende leerders pleeg talle oortredings teenoor mekaar by die skool, en hulle is verplig om apologie aan te teken teenoor mekaar. In die proses van apologie aanteken, word hulle gekonfronteer met In wye verskeidenheid strategieë waaruit hulle kan kies. In die meeste gevalle, het leerders die neiging om In verduideliking te gee vir hulle oortredings. Hulle kies nie altyd 'n direkte apologie nie. In die aanvaarding van hulle oortredings, kies hulle langer strategieë om apologie aan te teken. Manlike persone blyk óf te trots óf te skaam te wees om apologie aan te teken teenoor vroulike leerders. Vroulike leerders, hierteenoor, wil nie langer strategieë aanwend om apologie aan te teken nie, en hulle vra onmiddellik vir vergiffenis Dit is egter nie alle manlike leerders wat nie direk apologie aanteken teenoor vroulike leerders niesommige manlike leerders teken wel direk apologie aan, maar die gebruik daarvan is nie so gewild nie. Hulle is die manlike leerders wat die vroulike leerders as hulle gelykes sien en 'n goeie verhouding met hulle wil handhaaf. 'n Klein getal vroulike leerders gebruik langer strategieë om verskoning aan te teken en hulle gebruik nie direkte strategieë nie. Daar is ander strategieë wat ook bruikbaar is vir Setswana-sprekende manlike en vroulike leerders, maar die gebruik daarvan is nie so populêr nie. Strategieë soos die aanvaarding van blaam, en uitdrukking van self-tekort, word die minste gemanifesteer. 'n Apologie word gewoonlik beïnvloed deur die wyse waarop 'n klaer sy/haar ontevredenheid wys. Manlike en vroulike leerders vershil ook t.o.v. die wyse waarop hulle kla - hulle gebruik klagtestrategieë verskillend. Sowel manlike as vroulike leerders gebruik direkte en indirekte aantygings uitgebreid. Vroulike leerders neem egter langer met hulle klagtes as manlike leerders. Vroulike leerders wys hulle ontevredenheid deur meer klagte strategieë te gebruik, terwyl manlike leerders nie lank neem om te kla nie - hulle gebruik slegs 'n paar strategieë.
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Ras, Willem Abraham Prinsloo. "Die ideofoon in Tswana / Willem Abraham Prinsloo Ras." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/941.

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The aim of this study was firstly to summarise what research has already been done on the ideophone in literature, especially in Tswana literature. Secondly, an important aim was to establish what the morphological. syntactic, semantic and phonological properties are of the ideophone in Tswana. Divergent viewpoints have been expressed with regard to the nature of the ideophone in literature, because the phenomenon has been considered on the grounds of various linguistic approaches. In order to highlight this. one chapter has been devoted to this diversity of approach and point of view. and a suitable model. namely that of a structural linguistic study. was decided on. The qualities of the ideophone in Tswana were scrutinized within the framework of this model. Certain morphological properties were deduced on the basis of the paradigmatic and syntagmatic analyses. Ideophones reveal a number of morphemes which occur in a suffixed position. namely the ideophonicating, reduplicating and intensifying morphemes. The majority of ideophones seem to be formed from their related verb stems. Non-derivative ideophones show that they have not been derived from any related word form. Most derived ideophones. viz. deverbative ideophones. can be traced back to their verb stems, while a smaller number of de-adjective ideophones. are also formed from related ideophones. Morphologically, it has been established that the ideophone functions as an ideophonically descriptive term in the verb group containing re as the verb. Syntactically. ideophones have a dual word class status as a result of their valent qualities. Therefore. they may have a predicative or descriptive nature. Because of this duality. they may exhibit descriptive (adverbial) qualities in the context of verb and auxiliary verb groups, as well as predicative properties if they are used by themselves as a complete sentence or without the suggested verb s. Predicative ideophones may be transitive or intransitive, and can incorporate both a subject and an object morpheme. Semantically. ideophones have an explicating and an intensifying function. Synonyms. antonyms. homonyms. identical pairs of ideophones. metaphors, polysemy and figurative language were frequently found in the corpus of ideophones. Paradigmatically, the ideophonic morpheme imparts a semantic value of intensity to ideophones. while a doubling morpheme creates the semantic aspect of motion. intensity and suddenness. Syntagmatically it was determined that if the verb does not appear in a sentence. the ideophone acquires a greater semantic prominence. Ideophones are characterized phonologically by the doubling of both consonants and vowels. Phonologically. too, ideophones have an exaggerated variation of tone, i.e. both an abnormally high or low tone, with a falling and rising intonation. The tone of the ideophone is not affected by its position in the sentence. but does differ from one speaker to the next. The general conclusion drawn from this study is that the ideophone in Tswana has a dual word class status. because it displays both adverbial and verbal qualities.
Thesis (MA)--PU for CHE, 1992.
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Theledi, Kgomotso Mothokhumo Ambitious. "Descriptive nominal modifiers in Setswana." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52755.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study focused on three descriptive nominal modifiers which specify the attributes of nouns, i.e. the morphological adjective, the relative clause and the descriptive possessive. The morphological adjective appears in an adjectival phrase, which has to consist of a determiner and an adjective. The adjective must have agreement with the head noun in an NP. The adjective root may appear with nominal suffixes such as -ana and -gadi, it can be reduplicated, it may be transposed to other categories and it may even be compounded. The AP may also occur in predicative position as well as in comparative clauses. The relative clause may have the same semantic properties as the adjective. The relative clause in Setswana consists of a determiner in the position of the complementizer followed by an lP. Such an lP may have a copulative or non-copulative verb. Attention in this study has focused on the nominal relative, which appears as a complement of a copulative verb. These nominal relative stems have been divided into two sections, i.e. a section in which the nominal relative stems may not appear in a descriptive possessive construction and a second section where these stems may also appear as a complement of the possessive [a]. The semantic features of these nominal relative stems have been isolated and it is clear that they show a wide variety of semantic features. This type of relative clause represents the most prolific category, which specifies the attributes of nouns. The third category, which displays the semantic feature of an attribute of a noun, is the descriptive possessive construction. The syntactic and semantic structure of this type of phrase has been investigated. A wide variety of complements of the possessive [a] have been isolated in Setswana and some semantic features have received specific attention, i.e. group nouns and partitives.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie fokus op drie deskriptiewe nominale bepalers wat die attribute van naamwoorde spesifiseer nl. die morfologiese adjektief, die relatief en die deskriptiewe possessief. Die morfologiese adjektief kom voor in 'n adjektieffrase wat bestaan uit 'n bepaler en 'n adjektief. Die adjektief moet klasooreenstemming hê met die kernnaamwoord in 'n naamwoordfrase. Die adjektiefstam kan voorkom met nominale suffikse soos ana en gadi, dit kan geredupliseer word, oorgeplaas word na ander kategorieë en selfs samestellings vorm. Die adjektieffrase kan ook voorkom in 'n predikatiewe posisie sowel as in vergelykings. Die relatief kan dieselfde semantiese eienskappe hê as die adjektief. Die relatief in Setswana bestaan uit 'n bepaler in die posisie van die komplementeerder gevolg deur 'n infleksiefrase. So 'n infleksiefrase kan 'n kopulatiewe of nie-kopulatiewe werkwoord bevat. Die aandag in hierdie studie het gekonsentreer op die nominale relatief wat voorkom as 'n komplement van 'n kopulatiewe werkwoord. Hierdie nominale relatiewe stamme is verdeel in twee afdelings nl. 'n afdeling waarin die nominale relatiewe stamme nie kan voorkom in 'n deskriptiewe possessiewe konstruksie en 'n tweede afdeling waar hierdie stamme ook kan voorkom as 'n komplement van die possessiewe [a]. Die semantiese kenmerke van hierdie nominale relatiewe stamme is geïsoleer en dit is duidelik dat hulle 'n wye verskeidenheid van semantiese kenmerke het. Hierdie tipe relatief verteenwoordig In baie wye keuse t.o.v. die attribute van naamwoorde. Die derde kategorie wat die semantiese kenmerk van 'n attribuut van 'n naamwoord vertoon, is die deskriptiewe possessiewe konstruksie. Die sintaktiese en semantiese struktuur van hierdie tipe frase is nagegaan. 'n Groot verskeidenheid komplemente van die possessiewe [a] is geïsoleer in Setswana en sommige semantiese kenmerke het spesifieke aandag gekry nl. groepnaamwoorde en partitiiewe.
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Stewart, James William. "The communication role of influentials in promoting condom use in rural Tswana settings /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6172.

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Makgato, M. M. "Tshenolo ya baanelwa ba basadi ka bakwalakhutshwe ba setswana." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11032006-123012.

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Motlhamme, Moitheki Zephorah. "Tlhotlhomisi ya dintshontsho tsa lorato : L. D. Raditladi." Pretoria : [s. n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11062007-115555.

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Phiri, Rebecca Batsile. "Lorato le lenyalo mo mabokong a ga S. F. Motlhake (Setswana) [electronic resource] /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01212008-160115.

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Otlogetswe, Thapelo Joseph. "Corpus design for seTswana lexicography /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07012008-133107/.

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Books on the topic "Tswana"

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Schapera, Isaac. The Tswana. London: Kegan Paul International in association with the International African Institute, 1990.

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1945-, Comaroff John L., ed. The Tswana. London: Kegan Paul International in association with the International African Institute, 1991.

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Snyman, J. W. Tswana for beginners. Pretoria: University of South Africa, 1991.

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Thapelo, Winani. The traditional Tswana kgotla. Gaborone, Botswana: National Museum, Monuments and Art Gallery, 1997.

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International, Thornbird Publishers, ed. Thornbird English₋Tswana dictionary. Melville: Thornbird Publishers International, 1993.

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Hartshorne, K. B. Dictionary of basic English--Tswana. Johannesburg: Educum Publishers, 1985.

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W, Snyman J., Viljoen J. D, and Ntsime J. M, eds. Practical Tswana: Vocabulary and phrases. Pretoria: Acacia, 1994.

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Kitchin, M. S. (Moabi Sebatlane), 1907- and Kitchin, N. H. (Neo H.), 1909-, eds. Boswa jwa puo. Gaborone: Pula Press, 2011.

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Joseph, Tsonope, ed. Thanodi ya Setswana. Gaborone, Botswana: Longman Botswana, 1995.

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Kitchin, Moabi S. Motlapele a Reng?: Diana tsa Setswana di phutholotswe ke. Gaborone: Pula Press, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tswana"

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Upton, Rebecca L. "Tswana." In Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender, 922–29. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-29907-6_96.

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Zerbian, Sabine. "Sentence intonation in Tswana (Sotho-Tswana group)." In Intonation in African Tone Languages, edited by Laura J. Downing and Annie Rialland, 393–434. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110503524-012.

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Creissels, Denis. "The ‘new adjectives’ of Tswana." In Word Classes, 75–94. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.332.05cre.

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4

Cockerton, Camilla May. "Tswana Men Trying to Stop Women." In Contested Migration, 81–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2589-2_5.

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Cockerton, Camilla May. "Single Tswana Women Migrants in South Africa." In Contested Migration, 59–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2589-2_4.

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Reid, Andrew. "Access to Cattle Resources in a Tswana Capital." In Contributions to Global Historical Archaeology, 301–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8863-8_11.

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Lane, Paul. "Re-constructing Tswana Townscapes: Toward a Critical Historical Archaeology." In Contributions to Global Historical Archaeology, 269–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8863-8_10.

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8

Ellece, Sibonile Edith. "Chapter 7. The ‘Tinto’ image in contemporary Tswana songs." In Gender and Language in Sub-Saharan Africa, 149–76. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/impact.33.11ell.

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Merwe, Anita van der, and Mia Le Roux. "9. Dysarthria and Apraxia of Speech in Selected African Languages: Zulu and Tswana." In Motor Speech Disorders, edited by Nick Miller and Anja Lowit, 125–42. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783092338-010.

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Claasen, Nicole, and Shingairai Chigeza. "Traditional Food Knowledge in a Globalized World: Mediation and Mediatization Perceived by Tswana Women in South Africa." In Globalized Eating Cultures, 129–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93656-7_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tswana"

1

Zerbian, Sabine, and Etienne Barnard. "Word-level prosody in Sotho-Tswana." In Speech Prosody 2010. ISCA: ISCA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2010-62.

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Bruni, Jagoda, Daniel Duran, and Grzegorz Dogil. "Unintuitive phonetic behavior in tswana post-nasal stops." In Interspeech 2015. ISCA: ISCA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2015-396.

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Kristen, I., H. Wilkes, A. Vieth, K. G. Zink, B. Plessen, H. Oberhänsli, F. Schmidt, and T. C. Partridge. "Biomarker and Stable Carbon Isotope Analyses of Sedimentary Organic Matter from Lake Tswaing: Evidence for Deglacial Wetness and Early Holocene Drought from South Africa." In 11th SAGA Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.241.kristen_abstract.

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