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Journal articles on the topic 'Tube and Shell Condenser'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Nain, HM Zulqar, Md Shafiqul Islam, and Abid Hossain Khan. "A Study on Thermal-Hydraulics Characteristics for Designing a Shell and Tube Conderser for a 1200 MWe Nuclear Power Plant." Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences 43, no. 2 (March 1, 2020): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v43i2.45739.

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The study explores the thermal-hydraulics parameters of a condenser of a nuclear power plant with 1200MWe net electric output and 37% thermal efficiency using empirical correlations of pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient both for the tube and shell sides. Considering a two-phase fluid system, a shell and tube condenser with coolant water on the tube side and condensing steam on the shell side has been selected. For designing a condenser with a thermal load of 2060MWth, the input temperature data of cold fluid inlet and outlet temperatures are taken as 29.4ºC and 40ºC while the condensation temperature is taken as 53.97oC. Transverse, two-pass condenser with 4 shell tanks has been considered in this study and the length of each shell tank is taken as 14m. Based on these input data, this work finds heat transfer area, logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), and convection heat transfer coefficient inside the tubes as 549536m2, 18.74°C, and 2869.85W/m2.ºC respectively for 20mm tube outer diameter. Hydrodynamic parameters relating to the friction factors and pressure drops on tube side are found as 0.031 and 14.86kPa respectively. Similar design data have been generated for varying coolant inlet temperatures and tube inner diameters. Results reveal that velocity of flow inside the tubes as well as the number of tubes in a bundle decrease with the increase in tube diameter. Finally, the thermal-hydraulic data may be used to design a large scale commercial condenser to be applicable for a large scale nuclear plant since limited design data are available in the literature. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 2, 181-189, 2019

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2

Darmawan, Steven Mangihut, Steven Darmawan, and Suroso Suroso. "EVALUASI DESAIN TERMAL KONDENSOR PLTN TIPE PWR MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN." POROS 12, no. 1 (August 1, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/poros.v12i1.678.

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Abstract: The study was executed to get a quick calculation method for the design of equipment heat exchanger type shell and tube with a program shell and tube heat exchanger design. The purpose of this study was to obtain the results of the validation program shell and tube heat exchanger design of a condenser with power 4368.75 kW and the results of the evaluation program shell and tube heat exchanger design on the thermal design condensers nuclear power plant AP1000 PWR type. Input data into the program is done by inserting the parameters temperature, flow rate, physical properties and geometrical dimensions of the available designs of heat exchanger equipment specifications. Parameter for comparison of data can be obtained from the results of other calculations or experimental data. The results of comparison of the validation program shell and tube heat exchanger with condenser design calculations showed the highest difference found on Utube parameter equal to 1.3% lower than the design condition. This occurs because of differences in calculation between the program designed. The result evaluation of program shell and tube heat exchanger design toward the thermal design condensers nuclear power plant PWR type AP1000 obtained unknown parameters from the technical specifications.

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3

Havlík, Jan, and Tomáš Dlouhý. "CONDENSATION OF WATER VAPOR IN A VERTICAL TUBE CONDENSER." Acta Polytechnica 55, no. 5 (October 31, 2015): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2015.55.0306.

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<p>This paper presents an analysis of heat transfer in the process of condensation of water vapor in a vertical shell-and-tube condenser. We analyze the use of the Nusselt model for calculating the condensation heat transfer coefficient (HTC) inside a vertical tube and the Kern, Bell-Delaware and Stream-flow analysis methods for calculating the shell-side HTC from tubes to cooling water. These methods are experimentally verified for a specific condenser of waste process vapor containing air. The operating conditions of the condenser may be different from the assumptions adopted in the basic Nusselt theory. Modifications to the Nusselt condensation model are theoretically analyzed.</p>

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4

Rusowicz, Artur, Jakub Kajurek, and Kuat Baubekov. "Analysis of flow resistance in bundles of power plant condensers." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000071.

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Shell-side pressure drop is a very important variable in the successful design of the condensers. The prediction of this pressure drop through the horizontal tube banks, with condensation, has long been a problem facing design engineers. Low pressure drop is a requirement in designing condensers for power plants. The paper presents a comparison of the various correlation to determine the pressure drop in the tube bundle. It is an important element for the verification of numerical simulations. Analysis of flow resistance for power plant condenser were made.

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5

LIM, Tae-Woo, and Yong-Seok CHOI. "Design of Shell and Tube Condenser According to Tube layout Patterns." JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION 30, no. 5 (October 31, 2018): 1634–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.13000/jfmse.2018.10.30.5.1634.

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6

Wang, Si Ping, Li Zhang, and Jian Li. "The Numerical Simulation of the Shell Side Flow and Heat Transfer for 600MW Steam Turbine Condenser." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.265.

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Detailed prediction of steam flow field and heat transfer process is significant for the condensers. The flow and heat transfer performance of the condenser of 600MW power unit is numerical simulated. A model of porous media with distributed resistance and mass sink is used to simulate the function of the tube bundle. The equations including the continuous, momentum and air concentration are numerically solved using the finite control-volume integration method and SIMPLE algorithm. The distribution of steam velocity, pressure, heat transfer coefficient and air concentration are obtained and analyzed. On the basis of results, the condenser is evaluated.

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7

Bhupendrabhai, Barot Umeshkumar. "Exergy Analysis Of Cross Flow Shell and Tube Condenser." International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications 07, no. 07 (July 2017): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707018385.

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8

Col, Davide Del, Alberto Cavallini, Enrico Da Riva, Simone Mancin, and Giuseppe Censi. "Shell-and-Tube Minichannel Condenser for Low Refrigerant Charge." Heat Transfer Engineering 31, no. 6 (May 2010): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457630903409738.

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9

Elsayed, A., R. K. Al-dadah, S. Mahmoud, and A. Rezk. "Experimental and theoretical investigation of small-scale cooling system equipped with helically coiled evaporator and condenser." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 3 (September 14, 2011): 724–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211414790.

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Utilizing helically coiled tubes evaporator and condenser in cooling applications is promising due to their higher heat transfer coefficients compared to straight tube because of the effect of centripetal forces. With growing interest in miniature and efficient refrigeration systems, small helical coil diameter can offer significant advantages in terms of being compact, lightweight, and improved coefficient of performance (COP). This article describes a performance study of small-scale vapour compression cooling system (100 W cooling capacity) equipped with shell and helically coiled tube evaporator and condenser. A detailed mathematical model has been developed for this system based on thermodynamic principles and relevant heat transfer correlations. The model was validated using experimental results from a representative small size cooling system with agreement of ±5 per cent. The model was then used to carry out performance optimization in terms of the evaporator and condenser geometric parameters including helical coil diameter, tube inside diameter, and surface area ratio. For the range of geometrical parameters investigated, the model predicts that as the coil diameter decreases, the Cooling COP improves.

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10

Le, C. V., P. K. Bansal, and J. D. Tedford. "Simulation model of a screw liquid chiller for process industries using local heat transfer integration approach." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 219, no. 2 (May 1, 2005): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440805x7035.

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This paper presents a system simulation model of an oil-injected screw liquid chiller, where the refrigerant shell and tube heat exchangers are modelled following local heat transfer integration approach. All major components of the system are modelled in a modular format such as an oil-injected screw compressor, a shell and tube condenser, a flooded evaporator, and a high side-float valve. The simulation results are validated with the experimental data of a multiple-chiller plant at a process industry. The validated results show that the part-load ratio and the glycol-water temperature at the evaporator inlet affect the system performance considerably as compared to the temperature of cooling water entering the condenser.

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11

Yao, Yingying, Jinfeng Zhao, Shouheng Sun, Hang Wang, Shan Yang, Wenbo Lv, Yan Jiang, and Zhipeng Jiang. "Analysis of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Shell-and-Tube Condenser." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 490 (April 10, 2019): 062022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/490/6/062022.

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12

Kasumu, Adebola S., Nashaat N. Nassar, and Anil K. Mehrotra. "A heat-transfer laboratory experiment with shell-and-tube condenser." Education for Chemical Engineers 19 (April 2017): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ece.2017.03.002.

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13

Hatumessen, Antonius, Nicolas Titahelu, and Cendy S. Tupamahu. "ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENUKAR KALOR PIPA HELIKAL DESTILASI MINYAK ATSIRI KAYU PUTIH." ALE Proceeding 4 (August 17, 2021): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/ale.4.2021.127-132.

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The Eucalyptus plant is one of the essential oil-producing plants. Eucalyptus oil processing generally uses the distillation method. Traditionally used eucalyptus oil distillation uses a straight pipe condenser. The weakness of the straight pipe condenser is that the temperature of the condensate that comes out is still very high, this shows that the effectiveness of the straight pipe condenser is not optimal. To optimize the effectiveness of the distillation system condenser, a condenser with a helical pipe type condenser is designed in the essential oil distillation system. This study will vary the ratio of the pitch distance to the diameter of the condenser pipe, which aims to obtain an effective helical coil pitch ratio to optimize the effectiveness of the helical pipe condenser. This study uses the simulation method on COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The pitch ratio variant used is 2.1; 2.62; 3.15; 3.67; 4.2. The parameters that are constant in this study are the inlet fluid temperature on the tube side 373 K, the inlet fluid temperature on the shell side 288 K, the fluid inlet velocity on the tube side 0.2 m/s, and the fluid inlet velocity on the shell side 1 m/s. The results of the simulation by varying the pitch ratio show that the effectiveness increases as the pitch ratio value decreases, where the highest effectiveness is shown at pitch ratio of 2.1 which 75.9% and the lowest effectiveness is shown to pitch ratio of 4.2 which 70.7%.

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14

Zhang, C., and Y. Zhang. "A Quasi-Three-Dimensional Approach to Predict the Performance of Steam Surface Condensers." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 115, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905996.

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A quasi-three-dimensional numerical procedure is proposed to simulate the fluid flow and heat transfer in the shell-side of steam surface condensers. The proposed procedure is applied to an experimental steam surface condenser to evaluate its predictive capability. The predicted results give good general agreement with the experimental data. The governing equations are solved in primitive variable form using a semi-implicit consistent control-volume formulation in which a segregated pressure correction linked algorithm is employed. The modeling of the geometries of condensers, including tube bundles and baffle plates, is carried out based on porous media concepts using flow, heat and mass transfer resistances.

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15

Webb, D. R. "Multicomponent condensation in a shell and tube condenser – A comprehensive dataset." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 16, no. 4 (April 1998): 366–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1777(97)10025-5.

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16

Dincer, I., Y. Haseli, and G. F. Naterer. "Thermal Effectiveness Correlation for a Shell and Tube Condenser with Noncondensing Gas." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 22, no. 3 (July 2008): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.34735.

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17

Dabas, J. K., Sudhir Kumar, A. K. Dodeja, and K. S. Kasana. "Modeling of a Cylindrical Shell and Helical Tube Condenser of HFC-134a." Heat Transfer-Asian Research 45, no. 3 (September 2, 2014): 209–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/htj.21159.

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18

Haseli, Yousef, Ibrahim Dincer, and Greg F. Naterer. "Exergy Efficiency of Two-Phase Flow in a Shell and Tube Condenser." Heat Transfer Engineering 31, no. 1 (January 2010): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457630903263242.

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19

Camprubí, María G., José M. Marín, and Luis Serra. "An algorithm for designing a TEMA ‘J’-shell and tube partial condenser." Applied Thermal Engineering 29, no. 8-9 (June 2009): 1880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.09.003.

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20

Haseli, Y., I. Dincer, and G. F. Naterer. "Optimum temperatures in a shell and tube condenser with respect to exergy." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 51, no. 9-10 (May 2008): 2462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.08.006.

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21

Dalkilic, A. S., O. Mahian, and S. Wongwises. "Selection of the most suitable refrigerant for a shell and tube condenser." Heat and Mass Transfer 50, no. 2 (October 6, 2013): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-013-1235-7.

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22

Sornek, Krzysztof, Wojciech Goryl, and Mariusz Filipowicz. "Biomass-powered micro cogeneration system based on the modified Rankine Cycle operation - the initial tests." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900105.

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This paper shows results of initial tests of prototypical microcogeneration system based on the modified Rankine cycle operation. This system is powered by a 100 kW straw-fired batch boiler which was adapted to operate as a high temperature heat source. Thermal oil, heated up to 190-200°C, transfers heat to two shell and tube heat exchangers (evaporator and superheater). Steam powers a 2-cylinder, double-acting, 20-horsepower steam engine. Then, it is condensed in a condenser (another shell and tube heat exchanger) and pumped to the degasser. Finally, condensate is pumped to the evaporator and the whole process starts again. The steam engine is connected with a power generator. The operation of the developed micro-cogeneration system is controlled by the control and measurement system based on WAGO PFC200 PLC controller. The following parameters are recording: temperature, pressure and medium flow (in the boiler, oil, steam and water circuits). The results of the initial tests are promising. Power generated in the system is actually about 1,0 kWel. Such power is sufficient for supplying a part of the system’s equipment. On the other hand, it is finally expected to ensure selfsufficient operation of the tested system.

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23

Alcock, J. L., D. R. Webb, T. W. Botsch, and K. Stephan. "An experimental investigation of the dynamic behaviour of a shell-and-tube condenser." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 40, no. 17 (October 1997): 4129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0017-9310(97)00018-5.

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24

Botsch, T. W., K. Stephan, J. L. Alcock, and D. R. Webb. "Modelling and simulation of the dynamic behaviour of a shell-and-tube condenser." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 40, no. 17 (October 1997): 4137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0017-9310(97)00019-7.

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25

Philpott, Chris, and Joe Deans. "The Condensation of Ammonia-Water Mixtures in a Horizontal Shell and Tube Condenser." Journal of Heat Transfer 126, no. 4 (2004): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1778188.

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26

Feng, Huijun, Cunguang Cai, Lingen Chen, Zhixiang Wu, and Giulio Lorenzini. "Constructal design of a shell-and-tube condenser with ammonia-water working fluid." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 118 (November 2020): 104867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2020.104867.

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27

Isah, Ahmed, John I. Sodiki, and Nkoi Barinyima. "Performance Assessment of Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers in an Ammonia Plant." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.3.1145.

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The main objective of this work is to assess the performance of two heat exchanger units (Stripper/Gas Overhead Condenser and Methanator Effluent Cooler) operating under steady state conditions in two stages. Two different methods are employed in monitoring the heat exchanger fouling, namely dirt factor trend method and a statistical control technique where a Cumulative Sum (CuSum) chart is used to check the stability of the process. Data were obtained through steady state monitoring and direct measurements from the plant. The data were analyzed using various energy equations and a computer program to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient, heat duty, capacity ratio, corrected log-mean-temperature difference, fouling factor, temperature range of both fluids and effectiveness. The result shows that for the Stripper/Gas Overhead Condenser, the overall heat transfer coefficient was 63.13% less than the design value in stage1 and 12.59% less in stage2. For the Methanator Effluent Cooler the value of heat duty and the overall heat transfer coefficient were 51.76% and 59.62% less respectively than the design value in stage1 and 30.72% and 30.16% less respectively in stage2. This was traceable to increase in heat transfer rate as a result of injecting the tubes of the exchangers with NALCO fluid. In order to detect small changes in the heat exchanger operation and to know the actual time fouling starts to build up, a Cusum chart is used. This work made use of QI Macros software to check the stability of the heat exchanger units and to know if processes are on-target.

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28

Nogueira, E. "Applying the Concepts of Efficiency and Effectiveness to Analyze the Influence of the Number of Passes in the Shell and Tubes Condenser Thermal Performance." Journal of Engineering Sciences 8, no. 1 (2021): F1—F10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f1.

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The work analyzes the influence of the number of passes in a shell and tubes condenser heat exchanger, with an inlet pressure of R134a refrigerant in the shell equal to 1.2 MPa. The fluid that circulates in the tubes is water or water-based nanofluid with a fraction of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3), and the methodology used subdivides the heat exchanger into three distinct regions: the overheated region, the saturated region, and the subcooled region. The main parameters used to analyze the thermal performance of the heat exchanger were efficiency and effectiveness. Efficiency in the superheated steam region is close to 1.0. There is scope for increasing thermal effectiveness, which can be improved with more significant passes in the tube. The saturated steam region process is efficient for lower mass flow rates of the fluid in the tube, but it is ineffective. However, it is highly effective for high mass flow rates. There is ample scope for increasing effectiveness in the subcooled region. Still, the fluid inlet temperature in the pipe and the work refrigerant pressure are the limiting factors for greater heat exchange in the subcooled region.

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29

Leily Nurul Komariah, Heriyanto, A. Zulkarnain Ariko, and Fitra Armando. "Monitoring fouling dan jadwal pembersihan condenser dalam crude distiller unit pada pabrik pengilangan minyak bumi." Jurnal Teknik Kimia 24, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jtk.v24i2.430.

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Crude Distiller Unit (CDU) adalah bagian penting dipakai pada hampir semua unit kilang minyak bumi. CDU berfungsi untuk memfraksionasikan crude oil menjadi senyawa sederhana untuk diumpankan ketahap selanjutnya sebagai bahan baku padasecondary process. Pada CDU dilakukan proses pengolahan crude hingga menjadi produk-produk seperti crude butane, SR Tops, Naphtha II, Naphtha III, Naphtha IV, LKD, HKD, LCT, HCT, dan umpan High Vacuum Unit. Produk Seperti SR tops output kolom 3-1 dikondensasikan untuk kemudian dialirkan melalui pompa ke tahap secondary process. Tipe condenser adalah vertikal dengan kondensasi pada bagian shell. SR tops melalui shell sementara air pendingin melalui tube. Fouling merupakan salah satu faktor penurunan koefisien transfer perpindahan panas, dimana fouling merupakan akumulasi dari deposit material pada dinding transfer panas. Dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan interview didapati data-data mengenai kondisi operasi condenser 5-1. Sementara dengan metode referensi untuk mencari data-data yang diperlukan untuk melakukan perhitungan dan study literature untuk korelasi hasil yang didapat. Hasil perhitungan dengan data aktual menunjukan bahwa sekitar 39 bulan lagi adalah waktu maksimal operasi condenser sebelum di cleaning. Hal ini sesuai dengan teori yang ada dimana waktu normal pengoperasi condenser ialah berkisar antara 3-4 tahun untuk selanjutnya di cleaning.Sementara dengan mengganti air pendingin yang semula air sungai menjadi air yang telah ditreatment didapat bahwa condenser mampu beroperasi hingga 137 bulan lagi untuk selanjutnya dilakukan cleaning. Hal ini menunjukan penggantian jenis pendingin yang digunakan berpengaruh besar dalam pengurangan rate fouling pada condenser. Sehingga perlu adanya upaya penggantian air pendingin sehingga waktu operasi alat lebih optimal.

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30

Zhang, Xian Liang, Rong Fa Chen, Liang Gang Dai, Tao Liu, and Yi Pan. "Crack Failure Analysis of Q235B Welding with 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel of Tube and Shell Condenser." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.975.

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Tube and shell condenser is an important component of soybean softening equipment, and its structure is Q235B welding with 304 austenitic stainless steel pipes. During the using process of this product, it appears crack failure .In order to find the reason of crack failure, the welded joint was analyzed by SED, XRD, EDXRF and metallographic microscope in detail, and some improvement measures and solutions are put forward to avoid crack failure in this paper.

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Li, Shu-Xia, and Jie-Sheng Wang. "Dynamic Modeling of Steam Condenser and Design of PI Controller Based on Grey Wolf Optimizer." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/120975.

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Shell-and-tube condenser is a heat exchanger for cooling steam with high temperature and pressure, which is one of the main kinds of heat exchange equipment in thermal, nuclear, and marine power plant. Based on the lumped parameter modeling method, the dynamic mathematical model of the simplified steam condenser is established. Then, the pressure PI control system of steam condenser based on the Matlab/Simulink simulation platform is designed. In order to obtain better performance, a new metaheuristic intelligent algorithm, grey wolf optimizer (GWO), is used to realize the fine-tuning of PI controller parameters. On the other hand, the Z-N engineering tuning method, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm algorithm are adopted for tuning PI controller parameters and compared with GWO algorithm. Simulation results show that GWO algorithm has better control performance than other four algorithms.

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32

YOUSEF, KHALED, CHRISTOPHER BOLIN, ABRAHAM ENGEDA, and AHMED HEGAZY. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A REFRIGERANT AS A COOLANT OF A POWER PLANT CONDENSER." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 22, no. 04 (December 2014): 1450024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132514500242.

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Steam power plants are the largest industrial users for water. New restrictions for using water in cooling systems have led to a search for alternative cooling methods. This paper presents an experimental study of using a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS) for cooling a steam power plant condenser. The refrigeration system uses commercially available and environmental friendly R-410A to cool an intermediate chilled water loop which is used as a coolant for the steam condenser. Working under lower condenser pressure with higher coolant flow rates reduces the power required for the refrigeration system and rises the coefficient of performance (COP) and condensation rate. Based on the present experimental data an adjustment to a known empirical correlation for the Nusselt number in a shell and tube steam condenser is presented. The results show that decreasing the inlet coolant temperature increases condensation rate, heat rejection, COP, overall heat transfer coefficient, and R-410A to condensate mass flow ratio. Moreover, the increase in the rate of condensation and COP is most pronounced at lower steam condenser operating pressure and higher water coolant mass flow rate. The results reveal that using a VCRS is capable of providing a steam condenser with a more constant and lower coolant temperature than traditional wet and dry cooling technologies.

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33

Takazawa, H., and T. Kajikawa. "Condensing Heat Transfer Enhancement on Vertical Spiral Double Fin Tubes With Drainage Gutters." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 107, no. 3 (August 1, 1985): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3267682.

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Spiral double-fin tubes with drainage gutters are proposed for a vertical condenser to achieve high-condensing heat transfer performance for ocean thermal energy conversion application. There aluminum tubes have 5 or 10 spiral primary fins per pitch of spiral drainage fin. The condensation occurs mainly on the 0.8-mm-high primary fins; the 2-mm-high drainage fin collects the condensate from the primary fins, and a vertical drainage gutter removes the condensate from the drainage fin. Thus performance degradation due to accumulation of condensate in the vertical direction is avoided. Experiments were carried out using R-22 (chlorodifluromethane) as the working fluid in a shell using seven aluminum tubes (900 mm in effective length and 20 mm in nominal diameter). The drainage fin pitch, the primary fin pitch, shape of primary fin, and number of drainage gutters per tube were selected as parameters. One of the tubes had a 0.2-mm-thick titanium cladding on the inside (water side). The measured working-fluid-side condensing heat transfer coefficients for these tubes were four to six times those for a smooth tube based on the outer surface area.

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34

Turgut, Oğuz Emrah. "Multi-Objective Thermal Desing Optimization of a Shell and Tube Condenser through Global Best Algorithm." Deu Muhendislik Fakultesi Fen ve Muhendislik 19, no. 56 (January 1, 2017): 644–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21205/deufmd.2017195659.

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35

Hajabdollahi, Hassan, Pouria Ahmadi, and Ibrahim Dincer. "Thermoeconomic optimization of a shell and tube condenser using both genetic algorithm and particle swarm." International Journal of Refrigeration 34, no. 4 (June 2011): 1066–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2011.02.014.

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36

Wajs, Jan, Dariusz Mikielewicz, and Blanka Jakubowska. "Performance of the domestic micro ORC equipped with the shell-and-tube condenser with minichannels." Energy 157 (August 2018): 853–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.174.

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37

Singh, Sumit Kr, and Jahar Sarkar. "Energy, exergy and economic assessments of shell and tube condenser using hybrid nanofluid as coolant." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 98 (November 2018): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2018.08.005.

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38

Bull, James, James M. Buick, and Jovana Radulovic. "Heat Exchanger Sizing for Organic Rankine Cycle." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 3615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143615.

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Approximately 45% of power generated by conventional power systems is wasted due to power conversion process limitations. Waste heat recovery can be achieved in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) by converting low temperature waste heat into useful energy, at relatively low-pressure operating conditions. The ORC system considered in this study utilises R-1234yf as the working fluid; the work output and thermal efficiency were evaluated for several operational pressures. Plate and shell and tube heat exchangers were analysed for the three sections: preheater, evaporator and superheater for the hot side; and precooler and condenser for the cold side. Each heat exchanger section was sized using the appropriate correlation equations for single-phase and two-phase fluid models. The overall heat exchanger size was evaluated for optimal operational conditions. It was found that the plate heat exchanger out-performed the shell and tube in regard to the overall heat transfer coefficient and area.

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39

Fakheri, Ahmad. "A General Expression for the Determination of the Log Mean Temperature Correction Factor for Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers." Journal of Heat Transfer 125, no. 3 (May 20, 2003): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1571078.

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This paper presents a single closed form algebraic equation for the determination of the Log Mean Temperature Difference correction factor F for shell and tube heat exchangers having N shell passes and 2M tube passes per shell. The equation and its graphical presentation generalize the traditional equations and charts used for the determination of F. The equation presented is also useful in design, analysis and optimization of multi shell and tube heat exchanger, particularly for direct determination of the number of shells.

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40

Dalkilic, A. S., O. Acikgoz, S. Tapan, and S. Wongwises. "Fundamental basis and implementation of shell and tube heat exchanger project design: condenser and evaporator study." Heat and Mass Transfer 52, no. 12 (March 9, 2016): 2863–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1790-9.

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41

Llopis, R., R. Cabello, and E. Torrella. "A dynamic model of a shell-and-tube condenser operating in a vapour compression refrigeration plant." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 47, no. 7 (July 2008): 926–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.06.021.

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42

Said, Rengga, Nicolas Titahelu, and Rikhard S. Ufie. "ANALISIS LAJU ALIRAN MASSA FLUIDA DINGIN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENUKAR KALOR SHELL AND TUBE DESTILLASI MINYAK ATSIRI CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum)." ALE Proceeding 4 (August 17, 2021): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/ale.4.2021.140-145.

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Shell and tube type heat exchanger is a component of clove essential oil distillation apparatus using hot steam as hot fluid and water as a cold fluid, each flowing in opposite directions. The distillation system in the field still uses a condenser or straight pipe heat exchanger, where the temperature of the hot fluid that comes out is still considered high enough so that the indication of effectiveness is not optimal. To optimize the effectiveness, a shell and tube heat exchanger is designed with a numerical method based on Fluent CFD using a hexagonal pipe geometry in tube layouts of 30°, 60°, 45°, and 90° inline and staggered arrangement and counter flow type. This study varied the cold mass flow rate (ṁc) = 0.052; 0.059; 0.083; 0.1; 0.12 Kg/s, while the mass flow rate of the hot fluid is constant. The simulation results obtained that the maximum effectiveness occurred at a mass flow rate of 0.052 kg/s of 5.45% staggered layout and the minimum occurred at a mass flow rate of 0.12 kg/s of 4.01% on an inline layout. The results of this research are also expected to help the community which can be used for various essential oils.

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43

Yang, Guocheng, Haitao Hu, Guoliang Ding, Jie Chen, Wengang Yang, Suyang Hu, and Xiaodong Pang. "Experimental investigation on heat transfer characteristics of two-phase propane flow condensation in shell side of helically baffled shell-and-tube condenser." International Journal of Refrigeration 88 (April 2018): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2017.12.014.

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44

Fakhrolmobasheri, Navid, and Mohsen Rostami. "Exergy efficiency analysis of a shell and tube heat exchanger condenser based on its different design parameters." Heat Transfer-Asian Research 48, no. 7 (July 26, 2019): 3295–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/htj.21542.

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45

Webb, R. L., and C. G. Murawski. "Row Effect for R-11 Condensation on Enhanced Tubes." Journal of Heat Transfer 112, no. 3 (August 1, 1990): 768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910452.

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Experimental results of a condensation row effect study on enhanced tubes are presented. A test cell was constructed to condense Refrigerant-11 on the shell side of a vertical bank of five horizontal tubes. Four distinctly different commercially available tubes were tested. The tubes are a 1024-fpm integral fin, the Wolverine Turbo-C, Wieland GEWA-SC, and the Tred-D. A modified Turbo-C tube was also tested. Experimental and visual observations are used to understand the row effect due to condensate loading. By plotting the data in the form of the local condensation coefficient versus condensate Reynolds number, the results may be interpreted for any number of tube rows, up to the maximum Reynolds numbers tested. Bundle average condensation coefficients may be established by integrating the h versus Re values over the number of tube rows.

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46

Kumar Gaur, Rohit, Dr Shashi Kumar Jain, and Dr Sukul Lomash. "Experimental Investigation on Triple Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger with Helical Baffles." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 6, no. 11 (November 25, 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v6i11.324.

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A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer thermal energy between two or more liquids, between a solid surface and a liquid, or between solid particles and a liquid at different temperatures and in thermal contact where shell and tube heat exchangers contain a large number of tubes packed in a jacket whose axes are parallel to those of the shell. Heat transfer occurs when one fluid flows into the pipes while the other flows out of the pipes through the jacket. In industry, three-tube heat exchanger tubes are used as condensers, evaporators, sub cooler, heat recovery heat exchangers, etc. The three concentric tube heat exchanger is a constructively modified version of the double concentric tube heat exchanger as an intermediate tube adds some advantages over the double tube heat exchangers in that it is larger tube surface area heat transfer per unit of length. In the present study, the triple tube heat exchanger is further modified by inserting helical baffle over the surface of one of the tubes and observed turbulence flow which may lead to high heat transfer rates between the fluids of heat exchanger. Further, the Reynolds number, Nusselt number, friction factor of the flow at different mass flow rates of the hot fluid while keeping a constant mass flow rate of cold and normal temperature fluids were calculated. It was found that as the mass flow rate of the fluid increases the Reynolds number increases, the turbulence in the flow will increase which will cause the intermixing of the fluid, higher the rate of intermixing, more will be the heat transfer of the system.

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47

Philpott, Chris, and Joe Deans. "The enhancement of steam condensation heat transfer in a horizontal shell and tube condenser by addition of ammonia." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 47, no. 17-18 (August 2004): 3683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2004.04.008.

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48

Kim, Nae-Hyun. "Condensation of R-134a on Horizontal Enhanced Tubes Having Three-Dimensional Roughness." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 24, no. 02 (June 2016): 1650013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132516500139.

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Enhanced tubes are widely used in shell and tube condensers of refrigeration, air-conditioning and process industries because of their high heat transfer performance. In this study, condensation heat transfer tests were conducted for four three-dimensional enhanced tubes having different fin density and fin height using R-134a. The satuartion temperature was 40[Formula: see text]C. The heat transfer was significantly enhanced by the present enhanced geometry. At 5[Formula: see text]K wall subcooling, the enhancement ratio is 6.3 for 1654[Formula: see text]fpm, 4.6 for 1575[Formula: see text]fpm, 4.0 for 1496[Formula: see text]fpm and 3.3 for 1102[Formula: see text]fpm tubes. Within the geometric variation of the present study, the condensation heat transfer coefficient increased with the increase of fin density and of fin height. The heat transfer coefficients of the 1654[Formula: see text]fpm tube were approximately the same as those of the commercial three-dimensional enhanced tube Turbo-C.

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49

Haseli, Y., I. Dincer, and G. F. Naterer. "Entropy generation of vapor condensation in the presence of a non-condensable gas in a shell and tube condenser." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 51, no. 7-8 (April 2008): 1596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.07.032.

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50

Nogueira, Élcio. "Effects of R134a Saturation Temperature on a Shell and Tube Condenser with the Nanofluid Flow in the Tube Using the Thermal Efficiency and Effectiveness Concepts." World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering 11, no. 01 (2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjnse.2021.111001.

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