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Journal articles on the topic 'Tube mill'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 May 2022

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1

Knapinski, Marcin, Yuri L. Bobarikin, and Yaroslav I. Radkin. "The Rolling Tool Development in Order to Improve the Geometry of a Tube Profile and to Reduce the Wear of Mill Rolls." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0096.

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Abstract Increasing the accuracy of the geometrical parameters of tube profiles is one of the priority areas of modern tube industry. The profile of the calibers of rolls of the reeling mill exerts a significant influence over the distribution of stresses that appear in metal during the deformation process and the process of formation of the correct geometry of the obtained rough tube. The method for determining the optimal geometry of a mill roll profile has been developed. In accordance with this method the geometry of the calibers of the continuous three roll reeling mill was calculated. The research of the influence of geometrical parameters of the calibers of mill rolls on the accuracy of the obtained tube profile, the load of the rolling tool and the wear rate of the contact surface of mill rolls and a mandrel was carried out. The numerical simulation method was chosen as a research method. This method allows to carry out rather accurate analysis and to obtain reliable results on the stress-strain and thermal states of a billet during the material processing, gives the possibility to obtain numerical values of stresses, deformations, load parameters of the process, as well as allows to visualize the results that is essential for assessing the accuracy of the tube profile geometry. Numerical experiments of the elongating process of a rough tube on the three roll continuous reeling mill with different grooving of mill rolls were carried out. It was determined that using of the developed grooving will allow to get a rough tube of a higher accuracy with the minimal deviation from the shape of the profile. The use of the developed method of calculating the geometric parameters of the calibers of the continuous reeling mill will allow to obtain calibers with a high degree of resistance to wear due to the reduction of the resistance of the flow of metal and a uniform filling of the calibers in the deformation zone. The use of this grooving of mill rolls will reduce the load acting on the rolling tool during the production of hot-deformed seamless tubes.

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2

Kurrer, K. E., E. Gock, V. Vogt, and R. Florescu. "Centrifugal tube mill for finest grinding." International Journal of Mineral Processing 74 (December 2004): S75—S83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2004.07.021.

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3

Radovic, Aleksandar, Radosav Cerovic, Dragan Milatovic, and Dragan Nikolic. "Pollen tube growth and fruit set in quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.)." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): e0702. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020182-15551.

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Aim of study: To determine the self-compatibility level of eight quince cultivars.Area of study: The region of Belgrade (Central Serbia).Material and methods: Pollen tube growth in vivo and fruit set in two pollination variants (self- and open-pollination) were studied in eight quince cultivars. The quantitative parameters of pollen tube growth (average number of pollen tubes in the upper and middle third of the style, base of the style and in the ovary; the dynamics of pollen tube growth through these parts of the pistil) was determined using the fluorescence microscopy.Main results: The parameters of pollen tube growth and fruit set were primarily dependent on the genotype and variants of pollination. All studied parameters were significantly higher in the open-pollination variant compared with the self-pollination in all cultivars. In the self-pollination variant, ʻLeskovackaʼ and ʻVranjskaʼ had the highest number of pollen tubes that penetrated the ovary (2.10 and 0.54 in average, respectively), as well as the largest percentage of pistils with the penetration of pollen tubes in the nucellus of ovules six days after pollination (40.09% and 14.74%). Also, they had the highest percentage of initial fruit set (17.01% and 28.52%) and final fruit set (9.32% and 9.86%). Based on this, ʻLeskovackaʼ and ʻVranjskaʼ can be classified as self-compatible cultivars, while the others are self-incompatible.Research highlights: The majority of quince cultivars were self-incompatible. When establishing new orchards with these cultivars, care should be taken about the choice of pollenisers in order to achieve high yields.

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4

Bogatov, Alexander A., Dmitriy A. Pavlov, and Elena A. Dresvyankina. "Finite-Element Simulation of the Process of Lengthwise Pipe Rolling on a Stub Mandrel." Advanced Materials Research 1127 (October 2015): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1127.127.

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The improvement of the technology of pipe production on a lengthwise rolling mill is proposed. The investigations are carried out on the basis of a lengthwise rolling mill installed at the “Sinarsky Pipe Works” Open Joint-Stock Company. The aim is to master the whole range of production from continuous castings on the existing equipment, as well as to exclude 120 mm diameter rolled workpiece from the production in order to reduce production costs. An increase in the elongation ratio on a lengthwise rolling mill is necessary to master a continuous casting. Rough tube forming on a stub mandrel in a lengthwise rolling mill with rough tube preovalisation has been investigated with the application of the finite-element method. The behavior of the dimensionless parameters characterizing the deformation of the metal in the groove taper as dependent on the rough tube elongation ratio has been determined. The bite begins in the upper part of the groove when the oval rough tube is fed to the lengthwise rolling mill groove. Rough tube preovalisation provides uniform groove filling during lengthwise rolling on a tapered stub mandrel. Besides, it provides a decrease in the intensity of rough tube wall thickening in the groove taper during lengthwise rolling. This enables one to avoid the formation of a “guide mark” defect on the inner surface. The ratio of the longer axis of the rough tube oval cross section to the minor axis must range between 1.15 and 1.25. The rough tube preovalisation before lengthwise rolling provides an opportunity to increase elongation ratio at the lengthwise rolling mill from 1.45 to 2.00. Keywords: A tube rolling-off; a stub mandrel; an automatic mill “tandem”; a finite-element simulation; a coefficient of rough tube ovalisation.

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5

NAKATA, Tsutomu. "High Performance Tube Mill FFX Mill by Newly Developed FEM Technology." Journal of the Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity 51, no. 599 (2010): 1178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.9773/sosei.51.1178.

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6

Li, Sheng Zhi, Jie Xu, Yuan De Yin, and Hui Chao Su. "Mechanical Analysis on the Inner Surface Crack of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Seamless Steel Tubes Rolled by Mandrel Mill." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3070.

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The inner surface crack (ISC) defect easily occurs in seamless modified 9Cr-1Mo steel tubes rolled by the mandrel mill with high production efficiency. The reason for the formation of the ISC lies in both the properties of deformed material and rolling conditions. With the aid of commercial FE code MSC.SuperForm, the rolling process of modified 9Cr-1Mo seamless steel tube produced by the Mandrel Mill of Bao Steel in China was simulated, focusing on mechanical analysis of deformed metal. It was found from the simulation that the metal on the inner surface of the tube, in the position of 0 or 90 of the roll pass, experiences strong tensile stresses, especially the circumferential stress, which is closely related .to the strain behavior governed by the two-high pass caliber of the mandrel mill. Therefore an optimal design of the roll pass can be realized to decrease the tensile stress so as to relax the tendency to the ISC, which has been confirmed by the tests in Steel Tube & Pipe Company of Bao Steel.

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7

Ben-Njima, Nachida, and _. _. "Characterization of Some Self-compatible Almonds. I. Pollen Tube Growth." HortScience 30, no. 2 (April 1995): 318–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.2.318.

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Pollen tube growth was studied in 10 almond [Prunus amygdalus Batsch, syn. P. dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] selections of the Zaragoza breeding program, whose main objective is the development of self-compatible cultivars. Self-compatibility was evident in eight of the selections, as indicated by the fact that pollen tube growth was similar following self- and cross-pollination. In the other two selections, pollen tube growth differed following self- and cross-pollination, one showing self-incompatibility and the other an irregular progression of crossed pollen tubes. The importance of the style in sustaining pollen tube growth was evident, and pollen tube growth was influenced by style type.

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8

Chen, Li Tao, Yu Jun Xue, Yi Liu, and Ji Shun Li. "Modal Analysis of Oversize Ball Mill Tube Based on ANSYS." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.62.

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The ball mill is one kind of breaking plants which used widely in building materials, metallurgy, mineral processing and so on. The finite element method is used to build the model of the 7.32× 11.28 overflow type ball mill. And then modal analysis of oversize ball mill tube is carried out by ANSYS workbench, which leads to the intrinsic frequency and model of vibration of tube. The analysis result can be reference for the design of ball mill.

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9

Dmitrienko, V., V. Voronov, E. Shemetov, and O. Shemetova. "MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TWO-PHASE FLOW MOTION AT THE OUTLET OF THE VERTICAL ACCELERATION TUBE OF A JET MILL WITH A PLANE GRINDING CHAMBER OF TORUS FORM." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 6, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-5-82-86.

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Nowadays building material industry as well as other industry branches exercise bigger demand to use powders with high dispersion. Jet mills are used to produce such powders that is why development of new jet mill designs, increase of grind efficiency, reduction of specific energy consumption is an important objective. This article provides a mathematic description of the two-phase flow motion at the outlet of the vertical acceleration tube of a jet mill with a plane grinding chamber of torus shape. The part of the acceleration tube above the impact plate is essential for grinding, as the initial particle grind occurs at this very section, in the grind chamber. Moreover, the initial grind defines the size of particles, that are further reground at the mill chamber. As a result of theoretical calculations, a formula is obtained that allows to determine the height of the acceleration tube from the bump element at the specified speed parameters of the two-phase flow. The article also contains the graph, that shows how particle velocity depends on the current (specific) height point (value) of the acceleration tube. This graph demonstrates that particle size strongly affects the way they move in the grind chamber. The formula allows to calculate the effective propulsion range of particles, depending on theirs' size, by presuming they have the maximum velocity

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10

Jonscher, Karen. "Not your run-of-the-mill test tube." Analytical Chemistry 78, no. 19 (October 2006): 6709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac069468w.

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11

R. C. Bautista, T. J. Siebenmorgen, R. M. Burgos, and A. Mauromoustakos. "INVESTIGATION OF IRRI TEST TUBE MILL OPERATING PARAMETERS." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 21, no. 1 (2005): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17902.

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12

Muranov, S. V., A. I. Nechiporenko, Yu I. Pustovoichenko, V. P. Marchenko, A. V. Chuev, and A. I. Dovgal'. "Automatic control system for a tube-rolling mill." Metallurgist 43, no. 12 (December 1999): 556–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02463581.

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13

Lu, Lu, Zhao-xu Wang, Fu-zhong Wang, Guang-ya Zhu, and Xing-xiang Zhang. "Simulation of tube forming process in mannesmann mill." Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 16, no. 3 (June 2011): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12204-011-1144-1.

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14

Kholodilin, I. Yu, D. Yu Khriukin, and M. A. Grigorev. "MILL 1020 TUBE HALF-CYLINDER GEOMETRY CONTROL SYSTEM." Electrical and data processing facilities and systems 17, no. 2 (2021): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/1999-5458-2021-17-2-100-109.

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15

Федоренко, Mikhail Fedorenko, Бестужева, Olga Bestuzheva, Бондаренко, and Yuliya Bondarenko. "DETERMINATION OF RATIONAL PARAMETERS OF ROTARY SURFACE TREATMENT ROTATION WHEN RESTORING LARGE PARTS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 1, no. 12 (November 11, 2016): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22647.

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In various industries for production of cement, lime, gypsum, ceramic products for grinding solid materials using ball tube mills. In the process of operation under load of the mill, the wear of the main bearings of the drum tube mills – axles, with the result that on the surface appear different defects. The quality and performance of cement plants are directly dependent on the accuracy of its reconstruction, repair and content validity, determining largely technical and economic effect from the use of modern technical devices. Mill work in the area of large dynamic loads, leading to loss of efficiency and as a result long downtime to repair. With a view to their reduction, currently, to restore industrial equipment used in portable machines. Optimization of processing of surfaces of rotation when restoring large parts will allow you to obtain a rational combination of the varied parameters.

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16

Ludwick, S. J., H. E. Jenkins, and T. R. Kurfess. "Design and Implementation of a Tube Wall Thickness Measurement System." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 120, no. 2 (May 1, 1998): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2830149.

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This paper describes the design and implementation of a gage for measuring the wall thickness of hot rolled steel tubing at an actual production facility. The design is based upon a statistical analysis of the tube samples, and upon the economic realities of mill operating conditions. Issues relating to time constraints, uneven sample preparation, a mill operating environment, and differences between gage operators are addressed. The gage records more data from the tubes than could be taken manually, and therefore allows the accompanying software to apply unique algorithms for the calculation of hexing and eccentricity in each sample. All results are recorded and stored in a database for continuous use in statistical process control.

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17

Li, Sheng Zhi, Zhi Chao Zhang, Hai Yan Bao, and Zhi Yang Zhou. "Influence of Roll Speed Schedule on Transverse Wall Thickness Evenness of Shell Elongated by Mandrel Mill." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1311.

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The seamless steel tube continuous rolling process with 8-stand full-floating mandrel is simulated with the aid of commercial FE code MSC. SuperForm. The relationship is analyzed between the distribution of the transverse wall-thickness and the speed schedule of the rollers. The result shows that the transverse evenness of the wall thickness of the tubes can be enhanced by optimizing the speed schedule. Furthermore, by adopting meliorated method to measure the wall-thickness of the shell, the error is reduced while data reliability is increased. When using the existing equipments (mandrel mill), it is an effective way to improve the transverse wall-thickness accuracy of the shell tube by adjusting the speed schedule. Compared with present roll speed schedule, the transverse wall-thickness accuracy can be increased by 10% for the rolling of elongated shell with 152.5mm in OD and 6mm in wall thickness tube under the 3# speed schedule put forward in this paper.

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18

Dyl, Tomasz Cyryl. "The Simulation Spreading Process of Steel Tubes Hollow." Solid State Phenomena 165 (June 2010): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.165.13.

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The paper presents finite element analysis of spreading process of hollow steel tubes implemented within commercial software MES FORGE2-V3.0. To this purpose, rigid-plastic model of deformed material was assumed. The analysis was realised for hollow tube made from steel C45 with external diameter D0 = 50 mm and internal one d0 = 40 mm. Distributions of temperature, stress and deformation for different values of gradient radius of mandrel  (1535) and different friction conditions on the area of metal-tool were determined. With the piercing press the billet is introduced into a vertical or horizontal die, subsequently to be pierced by mandrel. Afterwards pipe is elongated in Diescher’s mill. Hollow steel tubes undergo hot deformation spreading process in two-roll press by mandrel. Process stability depends on dimensions of the hollow tube and mandrel: tube external diameter, tube internal diameter, mandrel diameter and inclination angle of mandrel. Increase of external diameter of hollow tube occurs in the course of spreading process by mandrel. Process parameters depend on chemical composition and type of material. In this paper the contact problem in metal – tool interface is considered. Burnishing implies the sizing of a hollow tube by its plastic spreading.

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19

Rafińska, Katarzyna, Katarzyna Niedojadło, Michał Świdziński, Janusz Niedojadło, and Elżbieta Bednarska-Kozakiewicz. "Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Arabinogalactan Proteins during Larix decidua Mill. Male Gametophyte and Ovule Interaction." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 4298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094298.

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The role of ArabinoGalactan Proteins (AGPs) in the sexual reproduction of gymnosperms is not as well documented as that of angiosperms. In earlier studies, we demonstrated that AGPs play important roles during ovule differentiation in Larix decidua Mill. The presented results encouraged us to carry out further studies focused on the functions of these unique glycoproteins during pollen/pollen tube and ovule interactions in Larix. We identified and analyzed the localization of AGPs epitopes by JIM4, JIM8, JIM13 and LM2 antibodies (Abs) in male gametophytes and ovule tissue during pollination, the progamic phase, and after fertilization and in vitro growing pollen tubes. Our results indicated that (1) AGPs recognized by JIM4 Abs play an essential role in the interaction of male gametophytes and ovules because their appearance in ovule cells is induced by physical contact between reproductive partners; (2) after pollination, AGPs are secreted from the pollen cytoplasm into the pollen wall and contact the extracellular matrix of stigmatic tip cells followed by micropylar canal cells; (3) AGPs synthesized in nucellus cells before pollen grain germination are secreted during pollen tube growth into the extracellular matrix, where they can directly interact with male gametophytes; (4) in vitro cultured pollen tube AGPs labeled with LM2 Abs participate in the germination of pollen grain, while AGPs recognized by JIM8 Abs are essential for pollen tube tip growth.

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20

Fushimi, N., I. Takahashi, M. Saito, T. Kataoka, and S. Kawabata. "Computer Control System of NKK's New Seamless Tube Mill." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 20, no. 8 (August 1987): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)59109-0.

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21

Osika, J., and W. Libura. "Mathematical model of tube cold rolling in pilger mill." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 34, no. 1-4 (September 1992): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-0136(92)90124-b.

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22

Yin, Yuan De, Sheng Zhi Li, Yong Lin Kang, Yang Hua Li, Gong Ming Long, and Pi An Deng. "Influence of Roll Speed Schedule on Continuous Tube Rolling Process of Semi-Floating Mandrel Mill." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.563.

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In continuous tube rolling process, it has an obvious influence on the stability of rolling process, tools wear and the quality of rolled hollow tube that configuration of roll rotational speed per stand. In this paper, various roll working diameters per stand are determined by velocity integral method (VIT) and FEM respectively, and two roll rotational speed schedules are obtained correspondingly based on 133 main pass sequence of 89mm 6-stand semi-floating mandrel mill. With the aid of commercial FE code MSC.SuperForm, the high pressure boiler steel tube continuous rolling process of a typical hollow tube specification 133.0×5.2mm are simulated, and force parameters, transverse wall thickness precision, outline dimension and real roundness of rolled hollow tube and clearance between the mandrel and rolled hollow tube are analyzed and compared on the condition of two different roll rotational speed schedules, which provides scientific basis for configuring reasonable roll rotational speed per stand in pass design and optimization. Analysis results indicate that roll working diameter obtained per stand is smaller and roll rotational speed configured is higher correspondingly using FEM compared to VIT. Using FEM, there exist front and back tensions between stands and maximal rolling force, rolling moment and mandrel axial force decrease 10% or so in continuous tube rolling process, and outline dimension and real roundness of rolled hollow tube is better. However, transverse wall thickness of rolled hollow tube at the bottom of groove is pulled thin slightly, and clearance between the mandrel and rolled hollow tube is less than normal.

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23

Assaad, Joseph Jean. "Industrial versus Laboratory Clinker Processing Using Grinding Aids (Scale Effect)." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/938176.

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The evaluation of grinding aid (GA) effect on clinker processing in laboratory grinding mills is relatively simple. Yet, the results obtained cannot be directly transposed to industrial mills, given the fundamentally different operational modes and grinding parameters. This paper seeks to evaluate the scale effect by comparing the results obtained from a closed-circuit tube mill operating at 90 ton/hr to those determined using a 50-liter laboratory mill. Tests results have shown that the decrease in specific energy consumption (Ec) due to glycol or amine-based GA can be evaluated under laboratory conditions. However, such tests underestimate the actual performance that could be achieved in real-scale mills; the Ec reduction due to GA is around twofold higher when grinding is performed in real-scale mill. Compared to industrial tests, the cement particle size distribution curves widened and shifted towards higher diameters when grinding was performed under laboratory conditions, particularly with GA additions. This led to remarkable changes in water demand, setting time, and 1- and 28-day compressive strengths.

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24

Pryadko, N. S., A. D. Yhnatev, H. M. Shevelova, and K. V. Ternova. "Gas mass flow control in jet equipment." Technical mechanics 2021, no. 4 (December 7, 2021): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/itm2021.04.137.

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Based on a numerical simulation of gas flows in an ejector unit and an analysis of grinding chamber acoustic signals, this paper shows ways to increase the efficiency of jet grinding. To prevent ejector speed-up tube wear and to obtain a ground product without impurities, the effect of feeding an additional energy carrier flow on the flow pattern in the speed-up tube of a jet mill was studied. A comparative analysis of the ejector flow pattern as a function of the presence of an additional feed and the speed-up tube shape was carried out. It was shown that the use of a conical nozzle offers a more uniform flow at the ejector outlet. The additional energy carrier feed provides a uniform increase in flow speed and reduces speed-up tube wall wear. The acoustic signals of the mill working zones were related to the jet grinding process parameters, around which a ground product quality control method was developed. The paper presents a technique for determining the material particle size in the energy carrier flow from the results of acoustic monitoring of the process. The technique uses the established relationship between the dispersion of the acoustic signal characteristic frequency and the mass of the corresponding fracture of the mixture in in-flow material transportation. The technique speeds up material particle size determination and improves the finished product quality. An automatic system was developed to control the grinding process by controlling the loading process according to the characteristics of the grinding zone acoustic signals. An operating model of a controlled hopper of a gas jet mill was made. The operability of the control system was verified on a simulation model, which includes a control objet (mill) model and a control system model. It was shown that the system of mill loading automatic control by the characteristics of the grinding zone acoustic signals offers an up to 10 percent increase in mill capacity, which was verified in industrial conditions at Vilnohorsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant.

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25

Nyomora, A. M. S., P. H. Brown, K. Pinney, and V. S. Polito. "Foliar Application of Boron to Almond Trees Affects Pollen Quality." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 125, no. 2 (March 2000): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.125.2.265.

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The effect of boron (B) on in vivo and in vitro development of almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb (syn. P. amygdalus Batsch)] pollen and pollen tubes and the resultant effect on fruit set was studied in mature trees. The cultivars Mono (pistil donor) and Butte (pollinizer) in an orchard with low soil B in Fresno, California were sprayed with B at 0, 0.8, 1.7, or 2.5 kg·ha-1 during Fall 1993. Pollen viability as indicated by the fluorescein diacetate method (FDA) was >85% and was not affected by field-applied B, however, in vivo pollen germination and tube growth were enhanced by foliar-applied B. More effect of applied B on in vivo growth appeared as pollen tubes progressed toward the ovary. For in vitro germination, foliar-applied B reduced bursting of tubes, and addition of B to the culture media significantly increased pollen germination and pollen tube growth.

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26

Chai, Tianyou, Heng Yue, and Yan Bai. "Intelligent Control of Coal-Pulverizing Systems With Ball-Tube Mill." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 32, no. 2 (July 1999): 7214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)57231-6.

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27

Andrés, Lage, Fullana Rogelio, and Carelli Ricardo. "Modeling and Simulation of a Seamless Steel Tube Rolling Mill." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 28, no. 19 (September 1995): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)45084-1.

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28

Knecht, J. "Modern tube mill design and its influence on maintenance requirements." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 28, no. 4 (1992): 962–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.148464.

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29

Woldt, W., E. Bretschneider, and T. Roth. "Modernization of the ESW Rhrenwerke GmbH tube mill in Eschweiler." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 34, no. 1-4 (September 1992): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-0136(92)90123-a.

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30

Hajizadeh, Iman, and Chi-Guhn Lee. "Alternative configurations for cutting machines in a tube cutting mill." European Journal of Operational Research 183, no. 3 (December 2007): 1385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.12.049.

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31

Mustafaev, R. B., V. M. Yankovskii, �. A. Dervoed, Yu G. Icaev, E. A. Solomadina, and S. R. Selimkhanov. "Production of high-strength casing in the tube-mill line." Metallurgist 35, no. 4 (April 1991): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00750288.

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32

Zhou, Yan, Jin Liang Chen, Chun Jiang Zhao, and Yuan Hua Shuang. "Seamless Tube in Stretch Reducing 3-D Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 572 (October 2012): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.572.198.

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Based on rolling technology of stretch reducing mill group, by using large-scale general-purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, a 3D thermal mechanical coupled numerical calculation of stretch reducing process, stress field, strain field, temperature field and the distribution of wall thickness were obtained, as well as the distribution of asymmetrical metal deformation when pipe passing every mill. The results of numerical simulation provide a reasonable cause for uneven wall thickness distribution, guiding the design of stretch reducing process.

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33

Serizawa, Masaki, and Takashi Matsumura. "Micro Milling on Thin Wire." Key Engineering Materials 749 (August 2017): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.749.81.

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Micro milling is discussed to fabricate micro-scale structures on titanium alloy thin wires. A machine tool was developed to conduct the milling operations with improving the clamping stiffness. A 0.3 mm diameter wire inserted into polyurethane tubes was clamped on an R-shaped groove on the machine table. The cutting tests were conducted with or without the polyurethane tube support. The machining shapes, the surface finishes and the cutting forces were measured to verify the effect of the polyurethane tube and machine table clamping system on stability in the cutting process. The groove direction is out of the feed direction of the end mill without the polyurethane tube support. The micro grooves are machined properly with a fine surface in the feed direction with the support. The cutting forces change periodically with the cutting thickness and the rotation of the cutter in milling. Non-symmetric grooves are also machined with the developed clamping system.

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Pater, Z., and J. Kazanecki. "Complex Numerical Analysis of the Tube Forming Process Using Diescher Mill." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2013-0060.

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Abstract This paper presents the results of FEM simulations of the rotary piercing process in which disc guiding devices of the Diescher type are used. During this process the material is formed by means of two skew rolls, two guiding devices, and the piercing plug mounted on the mandrel. The aim of the analysis was to determine the effect of the plug diameter, the plug advance, the feed angle and the diameter reduction on the piercing process. Nine cases of piercing with three different plugs used were analyzed. The effects of the basic process parameters on the tube shell diameter and the tool load were analyzed. The numerical results obtained using Simufact.Forming 10.0 were verified under experimental conditions in which the tube shell made from 100Cr6 bearing steel was pierced. The results of the FEM calculations show agreement with the experimental results.

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Shao, Fengxia, Sen Wang, Zhiming Liu, Rongyan Hong, and Tianjiao Zhao. "Pollination, Fertilization, and Embryo Development in Southern China Fresh-eating Jujube." HortScience 55, no. 8 (August 2020): 1315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15144-20.

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To explore the reasons for seed abortion in southern China fresh-eating jujube, improve its reproductive biology, and provide a theoretical basis for the crossbreeding of jujube, we carried out self-pollination and cross-pollination experiments with Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ‘Zhongqiusucui’ as the female parent. We observed the process of pollen tube growth in pistil and embryo development by fluorescence microscopy and paraffin section methods. The results show there were self- and cross-incompatibilities during pollination and fertilization, and there were no significant differences in pollen germination and pollen tube growth between self-pollination and cross-pollination. It took at least 4 hours for pollen and stigma to recognize each other, 6 hours for pollen to germinate on the stigma, and 12 hours for the pollen tube to penetrate the mastoid cells of the stigma. After 48 hours of pollination, the pollen tube reached one third of the style. The pollen tube remained stagnant 72 to 120 hours after pollination, and remained at one third of the stylar canal. Simultaneously, the pollen tubes on the stigma twisted and interacted with each other, and expanded into a spherical shape. A few pollen tubes reached the ovary and completed fertilization. However, some early globular embryos degenerated before forming into globular embryos and resulted in the formation of empty embryo sacs, which leads to seed abortion. In conclusion, the poor pollination and fertilization, and the blocked development of the embryo resulted in seed abortion in Z. jujuba ‘Zhongqiusucui’.

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LEE, HYOUNG WOOK, GEUN AN LEE, EUNG ZU KIM, and SEOGOU CHOI. "PREDICTION OF PLUG TIP POSITION IN ROTARY TUBE PIERCING MILL USING SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2008): 5787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208051170.

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Typical seamless tube production processes are an extrusion and a rotary tube piercing. The rotary piercing process is more competitive than the extrusion process from the viewpoint of flexibility. Main components of this equipment are twin rolling mills and a plug. Twin rolling mills are installed on a skew with proper angles in two directions. These angles are called the cross angle and the feed angle. The internal crack initiation and the growth at central area of the billet are gradually progressed due to the Mannesmann effects. The feed angle affects on the position of the crack initiation in the rotary tube piercing process. Adjustable design parameters in the equipment are the feed angle and the plug insertion depth. In this research, the rotary tube piercing equipment was developed. Finite element analyses with the plug and without the plug were carried out in order to predict the internal crack initiation position under good calculation efficiency. Ductile fracture models with the one variable equation were utilized to crack initiation criteria. The forward distance of the plug was determined to be 5 mm through the analysis. It was testified by experiments of a carbon steel billet.

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37

Pavlov, D. A., Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogatov, and E. A. Pavlova. "Modernization of Hot-Rolled Tubes Rolling Method." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 1048–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.1048.

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A new method of hot-rolled pipes rolling on the automatic tandem mill is suggested. It consists of two rolling stands. This method allows achieving the rough pipe preovalisation before reaching the automatic mill. The rough pipe preovalisation provides even groove filling and the decrease of pipe wall thickness variation. The rough pipe preovalisation will allow increasing the elongation ratio from 1.5 to 2.0 on the lengthwise rolling stand no. 1 and decreasing the elongation ratio on the piercing mill, therefore the chance of rolling skin formation on the external surface of the pipe is decreased. The way to reduce the probability of the formation of a guide mark defect due to the kinematic tension during rolling on a stub mandrel with rough tube preovalisation is investigated. The influence of the kinematic tension factor on the pipe forming in the groove taper at a lengthwise rolling with rough tube preovalisation is explored.

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Turoň, Rostislav, Michael Squerzi, Milan Hnízdil, Martin Chabičovský, Pavel Simeček, and Miroslav Kreisinger. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE TUBE QUENCHING PROTOTYPE UNIT." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 24, no. 3 (September 26, 2018): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/ams.v24i3.1163.

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<p class="AMSmaintext">This paper describes the stages of applied research and development leading to a functional prototype of a quenching unit. It became a part of a closed facility of process equipment for thermal treatment by refining and other methods of annealing of seamless steel tubes for the OCTG industry (Oil Country Tubular Goods), power engineering and mechanical engineering in Třinecké Železárny. The development of the prototype has been divided into several stages: mapping of the current state and critical assessment of the technical and technological level of the existing equipment in the Tube Mill, laboratory testing of tube samples cooling, including numerical simulations with the prediction of the initial settings of the process parameters for the recommendation of the technological configuration of the quenching unit prototype and finally a comprehensive technical design of the prototype quenching unit. The design of the prototype technical solution served as the basis for the creation of the detailed engineering documentation with the subsequent construction of the prototype quenching unit. The paper summarizes the procedures and results of individual development stages, including the results of measured temperatures of tubes during actual operation of the prototype and the results of additional numerical simulations of its actual cooling capacity.</p>

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Lee, Jung-Kil, Ki-Beom Han, Kwan-Woo Kim, Jong-Woong Choe, Jae-Hun Kim, and Hae-Yong Cho. "FEA of Copper Tube Rolling Process Using the Planetary Rolling Mill." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering 34, no. 2 (March 31, 2010): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2010.34.2.303.

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Buinachev, S. K., Yu B. Chechulin, and A. V. Bakin. "Parameters of loading equilibration in a tube cold pilger mill drive." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 709 (January 3, 2020): 044037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/709/4/044037.

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41

Malinowski, Z., J. Kazanecki, and S. Urbański. "Thermal-mechanical model of the tube elongation process in Diescher's mill." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 60, no. 1-4 (June 1996): 513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-0136(96)02379-5.

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42

Yin, Yuan De, Sheng Zhi Li, Yong Lin Kang, Yang Hua Li, Gong Ming Long, and Pi An Deng. "Influence of Wall Thickness Fluctuation of Pierced Shell on Continuous Tube Rolling Process of Semi-Floating Mandrel Mill." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 2382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.2382.

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In continuous tube rolling process, wall thickness reduction per stand will be changed due to wall thickness fluctuation of pierced shell caused by piercing process, which results in changes in metal flow conditions and affects force parameters, deformation parameters, especially transverse wall thickness precision of rolled hollow tube. In this paper, with the aid of commercial FE code MSC.SuperForm, the high pressure boiler steel tube continuous rolling process of a typical hollow tube specification 133.0×4.0mm are simulated based on 133 main pass sequence of 89mm 6-stand semi-floating mandrel mill, and force parameters, equivalent plastic strain, transverse wall thickness precision, outline dimension and real roundness of rolled hollow tube are analyzed and compared on the condition of two different wall thicknesses of pierced shell. Analysis results indicate that force parameters increase with wall thickness of pierced shell, maximal rolling force, rolling moment and mandrel axial force increase 10% or so in the first three stands when rolling pierced shell of wall thickness 11.5mm compared to that of wall thickness 10.5mm. When rolling pierced shell of wall thickness 10.5mm, there exist front and back tensions among the third, the fourth and the fifth stands and outline dimension and real roundness of rolled hollow tube is slightly better. However, transverse wall thickness of rolled hollow tube at the bottom of groove is pulled thin obviously.

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Li, Sheng Zhi, Jie Xu, Yuan De Yin, J. G. Xue, and Y. Feng. "The Study of Inner Surface Crack Formation of Seamless Modified 9Cr-1Mo Tube Rolled on Mandrel Mill and Its Application." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.61.

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The hot workability of modified 9Cr-1Mo, as a grade of heat resistant steels, is inferior to that of low-alloy steel, so the inner surface crack (ISC) easily occurs in seamless boiler tubes produced by the Mandrel Mill under improper rolling conditions. With the aid of FEM, the metal flow status during the rolling process was analyzed in 140mm 8-stand mandrel mill of Bao Steel. Both the metallographic shape and size of the ISC together with the result from the simulation show that the ISC of seamless tube forms at the elongation stage of shell. The mechanism of the ISC was discussed. With its initiation in stand No.1 and No.2 due to poor hot workability of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel, the ISC develops in subsequent passes. Based upon the mechanism devised was a special roll pass system which substantially upgraded the yield of qualified products.

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44

Wang, Jinwu, Johnway Gao, Kristin L. Brandt, Jinxue Jiang, Yalan Liu, and Michael P. Wolcott. "Improvement of enzymatic digestibility of wood by a sequence of optimized milling procedures with final vibratory tube mills for the amorphization of cellulose." Holzforschung 72, no. 6 (June 27, 2018): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0161.

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AbstractA three-stage wood milling process was investigated leading to coarse, fine and amorphization of milled wood (MW) as a pretreatment for enzymatic wood hydrolysis. An eccentric vibratory tube mill (EVTM) and a spring suspended vibratory tube mill (SSVTM) were found to be suitable for wood cellulose amorphization. Both methods gave rise to highly digestible and amorphous wood powders amenable to enzymatic hydrolysis. The SSVTM had superior energy efficiency. The resulting MW afforded a 70% sugar yield via enzymatic hydrolysis and the total energy consumption was around 1.5 kWh kg−1oven-dried wood (odW) for all three milling stages. In contrast, EVTM consumed 17 kWh kg−1odW energy. Accordingly, SSVTM has a high potential for preparing wood for enzymatic hydrolysis.

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45

Mao, Feilong, Fujie Wang, Yuanhua Shuang, Jianhua Hu, and Jianxun Chen. "Deformation Behavior and Experiments on a Light Alloy Seamless Tube via a Tandem Skew Rolling Process." Metals 10, no. 1 (December 29, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010059.

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As a process for producing seamless tubes, the tandem skew rolling (TSR) process was proposed. In order to study deformation characteristics and mechanism on tubes obtained by the TSR process, a numerical simulation of the process was analyzed using Deform-3D software. Simulation results demonstrated the distribution of stress, strain, velocity, and temperature of a seamless tube in the stable stage during the TSR process. Actual experiments of carbon steel 1045, high strength steel 42CrMo, and magnesium alloy AZ31 were carried out in a TSR testing mill. The results demonstrated that the TSR process is qualified for producing tubes of high quality, with an accuracy of ±0.2 mm in wall thickness and ±0.35 mm in diameter. This process is suitable for manufacturing seamless tubes that are difficult to deform or that have been deformed in a narrow range of temperature.

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Lu, Lu, and Zhao Xu Wang. "Equivalent Stress Analysis of Piercing Process in Diescher’s Mill Using Finite Element Method." Advanced Materials Research 648 (January 2013): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.648.170.

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In this paper, the simulation of the piercing process is performed by the three dimensional finite element method in Diescher’s mill. After a short description of the problem the numerical model of the process is described. The simulated results visualize dynamic evolution of equivalent stress, especially inside the work-piece. The non-uniform distribution of stress on the internal and external surface of the work-piece is a distinct characteristic of processing tube piercing. And it is the basic data for improving tool and design, predicting, damage and controlling the micro-structural evolution of processing tube piercing.

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Artiukh, Viktor, Vladlen Mazur, Sergey Kargin, and Nikolay Bushuev. "Reasonability to use device for making horizontal wedge thrust of rolling stand." MATEC Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817003011.

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Necessity and reasonability to use gapless connection between contact surfaces of lining straps of work rolls chocks and facing strips of housings (inner lining straps of back-up rolls chocks) to reduce dynamic horizontal forces during rolling and increase durability of equipment are considered. Technical solution is described on base of roughing reversing rolling stand of thick sheet rolling mill 3000 of PJSC ‘ILYICH iron and steel works’ (Mariupol city, Ukraine) which can be used on most heavy loaded sheet and tube rolling mills.

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Yin, Yuan De, Sheng Zhi Li, Jie Xu, Yang Hua Li, Gong Ming Long, and Pi An Deng. "Analysis of Transverse Wall Thickness Precision of Steel Tube Rolled by Semi-Floating Mandrel Mill." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3097–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3097.

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With the aid of commercial finite element analysis software MSC. Superform, the high pressure boiler steel tube continuous rolling process with 6-stand semi-floating mandrel is simulated, and the distribution characteristic of transverse wall thickness is analyzed. It indicates that it presents “M” shape that the distribution of transverse wall thickness of hollow tube along one-fourth groove periphery. Transverse wall thicknesses have low values at the top, the bottom and sidewall 45 degree or so of groove, and they have high values at the sidewall 23 degree and 67 degree or so of groove. Then the improved measure is put forward on the basis of analyzing the causes responsible for transverse wall thickness. By the comparison of the simulation results, they have been improved obviously that transverse wall thickness precision and real roundness of rolled hollow tube using the improved measure.

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Lu, Cheng, Qi Wang, and Fang Nan Liu. "Ultrasonic TOFD in the Application of Thick Wall Tube Welding Seam Detection Pre-Research." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.12.

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This article firstly introduces the ultrasonic TOFD (Time-of-flight - Diffraction) detection technology of detection principle, advantages and disadvantages, and then summarizes the ultrasonic TOFD technique related testing standard, finally combining the reality of tube mill, analyses the pipe material testing near the surface of the blind area and radian impact problems, discusses the ultrasonic TOFD in application prospect in the field of thick wall tube welding seam detection.

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Carvalho, Ricardo Nolasco, Marcelo A. C. Ferreira, Dagoberto Brandao Santos, and Ronaldo Barbosa. "Investigations on Interaction between Recrystallization and Precipitation at Finishing Steps of Seamless Tube Rolling." Materials Science Forum 715-716 (April 2012): 988–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.715-716.988.

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Conventional controlled rolling is normally used in a hot strip mill in order to refine the microstructure and, consequently, to meet a good combination of mechanical strength and toughness in low carbon steels. Nb microalloying are used for this purpose once this rolling technique requires the occurrence of strain induced precipitation before that any recrystallization process takes place. In a hot strip mill, the transfer time between roughing and finishing steps is considered fast enough to keep all Nb, previously solubilized in plate furnace, in solid solution just before finishing. As a consequence, the thermodynamic driving force required for strain induced precipitation remains high, accelerating its kinetics and preventing the occurrence of recrystallization. On the other hand, in a seamless tube rolling, the transfer time between roughing and finishing steps is about 20 times longer than in a hot strip mill. As a consequence, Nb can precipitate in the recrystallized austenite after roughing, decreasing the driving force for strain induced precipitation at finishing. Transmission electron microscopy investigations on samples simulating the material just before finishing rolling in a seamless tube mill show that both grain boundary precipitation and co-precipitation on TiN particles takes place during transfer time. Based on these findings, this paper discusses the effect of long times after roughing steps on the driving force for strain induced precipitation at finishing rolling in seamless tube. Thermo-Calc software was used to evaluate the possible amount of Nb that remains in solid solution just before finishing. Due to previous precipitation, the driving force to be considered in the Dutta-Sellars equations for onset of precipitation decreases and a comparison between recrystallization and precipitation curves shows that recrystallization takes place before the start of strain induce precipitation.

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