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Conway, Charles Patrick MacMillan. "The Roman coinage from Ossaia/La Tufa." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21127.pdf.
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Tweedy, Ruth Rosegrant. "Tufa-based reconstructions of Huasco Basin Lake levels." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127148.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, May, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-58).
This thesis investigates the Salar del Huasco (northern Chile) as a potential site for palaeohydrological reconstructions of precipitation over the South American Altiplano, and presents a preliminary lake level chronology for the last deglaciation. Resolving the timings of past lake level highstands in the South American Altiplano will ultimately provide better understanding of what climate events force the South American Summer Monsoon (SASM) further south. Better insight into the forcing mechanisms of the SASM will improve our understanding of monsoon systems, and can be applied to refine global climate models of the region. To create this lake level chronology, tufa samples deposited at different elevations within the Salar del Huasco were dated using U/Th disequilibrium dating, and stable isotope measurements were applied to examine the past hydrology of the basin. The Salar del Huasco was found to have remained a hydrologically closed basin during highstand events, meaning lake level variations within the basin are purely driven by local precipitation-evaporation balances. Furthermore, the preliminary lake level chronology broadly agrees with the timings suggested by other palaeohydrological studies from the region, and provides support for a currently controversial lake level highstand between 120-100 ka. These results imply that the Salar del Huasco accurately reflects SASM-forced lake level histories, and should be studied further.
by Ruth Rosegrant Tweedy.
S.B.
S.B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
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林, 誠司, 知恵 白河, 真祐瞳 三石, 和浩 小澤, 宏. 森, 俊夫 中村, サイモン ウォリス, et al. "14C Dating of Tufa Deposits Around Lake Nam CO, Tibet." 名古屋大学年代測定資料研究センター, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16529.
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Bartruff, Anthony Lynn. "A Characterization of Lake Abert Tufa Mounds Lake Abert, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1061.
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A series of tufa mounds is found within the northern basin of Lake Abert, located within southeastern Oregon. The mounds have been divided into 3 main groups and 1 sub-group (A1, A2, B, and C) based upon spatial and textural considerations. Mound groups appear at two different elevations: the 1310 meter elevation (Groups A2, B, and C), and the 1318 meter elevation (Group A1). Published carbon age dating of the Lake Abert 1325 meter strandline and the 1310 meter strandline indicates that the mounds were formed during the Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene. Facies analysis and mineralogical analysis of the mounds indicates that the mounds were primarily formed subaqueously during a lake regression, supporting oxygen isotope data from previous researchers. Magnetometer data within Groups A1 and A2 suggests that the mounds are associated with a series of magnetic lows which are oriented in joint sets (NW-SE, and N-S) which match the orientation of faulting within the region. While there appears to be another early mound building episode, no direct evidence confirms this.
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Canaris, John Pano. "The tufa deposits of Limestone Gorge, Gregory National Park, Northern Territory /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbc213.pdf.
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Thesis (B. Sc.(Hons.))--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, 1994.Sheet SE/52-3 international index. Six coloured plates have overlays. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 23-25).
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Meyrick, Richard Andrew. "The biostratigraphy and dating of Holocene tufa successions in NW Europe." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624275.
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Saunders, Paul. "Can tufa Mg/Ca ratios be used as a palaeoclimate proxy?" Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6833.
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Priddy, Jeremy Daniel-John. "As Tufa to Sapphire| Gendering the Roles of Medieval Women in Combat." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1558108.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore medieval gender roles through the discourse and conduct of warfare. Some modern historians such as John Keegan have maintained that medieval warfare was a masculine activity that precluded female participation in all but the most exceptional cases. Megan McLaughlin asserted that the change from a domestic to public model of warfare resulted in a disenfranchisement of women after the eleventh century. This paper shows that medieval warfare was not male exclusive, and women's active participation throughout the period was often integral to a combat's outcome. By analyzing both the military activities of female combatants and changes in academic dialogues over war in the eleventh to the fifteenth centuries, an ongoing disparity unfolds between the ideological gendering of warfare and its actual practice.
This disparity informed an accepted norm in which women were seen as inherently weak and unfit for combat, requiring a "masculinization" of women who successfully engaged in battle. This in turn led to the establishment of the virago image of female warriors; paradoxically, women who therefore defied the normative expectation of feminine behavior could be held in high regard for their masculine virtues. At the same time, the contributions of individual women to warfare are often left with minimal mention or treated as anomalous by some later chroniclers.
The paper is divided into seven sections. Part I explores the eleventh century military career of Matilda of Canossa, and subsequent treatment of her activities by apologists and canonical reformers. Part II discusses the means by which women had access to military activity in a changing climate of gendered social roles, through marriage, inheritance, and the influence of the Pax Dei movement. Part III discusses the military activity of women during the Crusades, and the differences in how that activity was noted in Western versus Islamic sources.
Parts IV - VI discuss the thirteenth century academic dialogues over women's participation in combat in the wake of the Crusades, through the work of Giles of Rome and Ptolemy of Lucca. As well, it analyzes the enfolding of knighthood as a construct of feudal vassalage into the noble class, and the changing access to military orders granted to women as armies became professionalized. Part VII looks at the formation of a new kind of war rhetoric and an attempt to resolve the disparity between the theory and practice of warfare in regards to women through the fifteenth century work of Christine de Pizan.
The conclusions of this work are that war may be understood to be a masculine activity, yet is not male exclusive. Writers and war chroniclers were forced to complicate gendered social norms in order to justify or refute women engaging in combat. This only resulted in a continued re-evaluation of the proper ideological place of women in war, and was not necessarily reflective of a change in the actual circumstances or frequency with which women took part.
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Willing, M. J. "The biostratigraphy of Flandrian tufa deposits in the Cotswold and Mendip districts." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371206.
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Oliveira, Emiliano Castro de. "Tufas calcárias da Serra da Bodoquena, MS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44141/tde-05062009-112215/.
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Aflorando abundantemente nas drenagens da Serra da Bodoquena, região sudoeste do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, os depósitos de tufas calcárias, descritos como a porção superior da Formação Xaraiés, representam o mais notável depósito do tipo no Brasil, devido à variedade de formas. Sendo a maior atração do pólo eco-turístico de Bonito, MS, as tufas calcárias apresentam-se sob formas de barragens, cachoeiras e depósitos de micritos inconsolidados, que por sua vez geram as piscinas naturais e quedas dágua tão procuradas pelos turistas. Mesmo com tamanha importância, tal rocha não havia recebido um estudo aprofundando, que contemplasse sedimentologia, estratigrafia e geomorfologia. Através de criteriosa revisão bibliográfica, trabalhos em campo e análises laboratoriais, pôde-se obter um panorama da Formação Xaraiés na Serra da Bodoquena. Nesta região, observa-se que a formação, assentada diretamente sobre os calcários e dolomitos do Grupo Corumbá, sendo composta por um nível basal de calcretes, de tipo pedogenético e freático, sobreposto por um pacote de tufas micríticas (micrito inconsolidado), com grande quantidade de gastrópodes, distribuídos amplamente e aflorando em todas as planícies da região. Por fim temos os afloramentos de tufas calcárias do tipo fitohermal, compondo barragens e cachoeiras nas drenagens locais. Acredita-se que a deposição dos micritos ocorreu em ambiente lacustre, o que permitiu um depósito amplo e homogêneo, que posteriormente, em clima úmido, serviu de área fonte, juntamente com os carbonatos do Grupo Corumbá, para a geração das tufas fitohermais. A correlação estratigráfica dos depósitos de tufas calcárias estudados apontam para dois períodos de clima semi-árido a árido no Holoceno, que permitiram a formação e a alteração (calcretização) de depósitos, refletido na base da Formação Xaraiés, e o período climático recente, úmido, a formação das tufas fitohermais, no topo da formação. A ocorrência de lentes micríticas no sul do Pantanal pode significar que esta região também esteve exposta às dinâmicas climáticas vistas na Serra da Bodoquena. Estas constatações demonstram a alta variação climática da região, representada por depósitos que são pequenos e frágeis, mas dotados de significados genéticos indubitáveis.Crop out abundantly in the Bodoquena Ridge drainages, southwest of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) state, deposits of calcareous tufa were described as the top portion of Xaraiés Formation, representing the most notable deposit of this type in Brazil, due to the variety of forms. As the greatest attractiveness of Bonito, MS, an eco-tourism center, the calcareous tufa were presented in form of dams, waterfalls and deposits of micritic sediments, which generate natural pools and waterfalls so looked by tourists. Even with such importance, this region had not received a deep study, with sedimentology, stratigraphy and geomorphology approach. An accurate bibliographic review was done, and with field work and laboratory analyzes this work could obtain a panorama of the Xaraiés Formation in Bodoquena Ridge. In this region, can be noted that Xaraiés Formation goes directly over the limestone and dolomite of the Corumbá Group, and were composed by a basal layer of pedogenetic/groundwater calcrete, superimposed by a package of micritic sediments (micritic tufa), with a large amount of gastropods, which were widely distributed, cropping out in all plains of the region. Finally, we have the occurrences of calcareous tufa, fitohermal type, drawing dams and waterfalls in the regional drainages. It has believed that the deposition of lacustrine micritic sediments have occurred in an environment which were enabled a broad and homogeneous deposits. Subsequently, in a moister climate these sediments served as a source area, together with the limestone of the Corumbá Group, for the generation of fitohermal tufa. The stratigraphic correlation of the studied calcareous tufa deposits point to two periods of semi-arid/arid climate in Holocene, which allowed the calcretization. Those were reflected on the bottom of the Xaraiés Formation, and a recent wet climatic period, represented by the fitohermal tufa at the top of the formation. The occurrence of micritic lens in the southern Pantanal may mean that this region has also been exposed to the weather dynamics viewed in the Bodoquena Ridge. These findings show the high variation of climate in this region, represented by deposits, which are small and fragile, but gifted with unquestionable genetic meanings.
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Emery, Louis. "Extreme environments : tufa formation at high pH from lime kiln waste, South Wales." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/47508/.
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Invasive tufa deposits on Foel Fawr, South Wales are forming from lime kiln waste deposited from the 18th century until the 1950s. The tufa deposits are unusual in their anthropogenic origin and form the largest site of this type in the UK. At emergence pH is extreme (>11) and this consequently generates significant pressure on organisms living in and around the system. Morphologically, the calcium carbonate tufa deposits are similar to those formed in other extreme environments (e.g. hot springs, caves), forming many of the same features (e.g. terraces, rimpools, pisoids, stalactites). By identifying and mapping tufa facies at Foel Fawr, the spatial distribution of these facies has been directly compared to these potentially analogous environments. Analysis of the fabrics associated with each facies highlights the importance of physico-chemical precipitation in the system; proximal facies are dominated by abiotic fabrics, while distal and marginal facies show an increasing degree of biological influence. This process is comparable to the partitioning of fabrics and facies observed in hot spring systems, however, the role of microbes in precipitation is apparently less important on Foel Fawr. The present day extreme chemistry of the site selectively excludes organisms and generates a partitioning of biology. Hydrochemical monitoring of the site reveals that the extreme pH of the system is in decline. The recession of the extreme hydrochemistry is confirmed by colonisation of previously excluded organisms and allowed the physical decay of the site. Fabrics preserved within the deposits support the suggestion that the extreme environments were previously much more widespread.
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Medeiros, Amanda da Silva. "Diversidade de macroalgas da Baía do Almirantado, ilha Rei George, Península Antártica, baseada em 'DNA barcoding' e outros marcadores moleculares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-24032014-090801/.
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Baseado em estudos morfológicos, as macroalgas marinhas da Baía do Almirantado (Ilha Rei George, Península Antártica) estão representadas por 55 táxons, sendo 30 Rhodophyta, 16 Phaeophyceae e 9 Chlorophyta. Recentemente foi proposta a utilização de 'DNA barcode' para uma rápida e acurada identificação de espécies de macroalgas. Sendo a região 5\' do gene mitocondrial cox 1utilizado para identificação de algas vermelhas e pardas; o gene plastidial tufA utilizado na identificação de algas verdes; e o domínio V do gene 23S rRNA - UPA, universal plastid amplicon, utilizado na identificação de organismos fotossintetizantes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi obter sequências do tipo 'DNA barcodes' e de outros marcadores filogenéticos para a formação do primeiro banco de dados moleculares para as macroalgas da Baía do Almirantado, Antártica. Cerca de 100 espécimes de macroalgas foram coletados, em diversos pontos da baía, durante as OPERANTARes XXV e XXIX, que ocorreram durante dezembro de 2006 a junho de 2007 e dezembro de 2010 a janeiro de 2011, respectivamente. No presente trabalho, foi obtido um total de 209 sequências, cobrindo 29 espécies das 55 citadas para o local, sendo que 157 sequências são para marcadores moleculares do tipo 'DNA barcode', das quais 95 sequências são para o marcador do cloroplasto UPA, 39 sequências para o marcador mitocondrial cox1 e 23 sequências para o tufA. As sequências consenso dos 'DNA barcodes' foram submetidas à análise de distância para determinar os agrupamentos genéticos. Após a análise dos agrupamentos obtidos para os 'DNA barcodes', foram selecionados espécimes, representando cada táxon, para o sequenciamento dos marcadores filogenéticos rbcL, SSU ou ITS totalizando 52 sequências. Neste estudo, foram obtidos dados moleculares para 8 espécies de Chlorophyta, 9 espécies de Phaeophyceae e 14 espécies de Rhodophyta. Entre as espécies de Chlorophyta, Prasiola sp. e Protomonostroma rosulatum (citada anteriormente como P. undulatum), de Phaeophyceae Chordaria linearis e as Rhodophyta Acanthococcus antarticus, Plumariopsis peninsularis e Callophyllis sp. (citada anteriormente como Callophyllis atrosanguinea) são novas citações para a Baía do Almirantado. Sendo que a espécie Callophyllis sp. é possivelmente uma nova espécie. Outras duas espécies previamente citadas, baseado nos resultados moleculares, não ocorrem no local, Desmarestia chordalis e Pyropia woolhousiae. Com os resultados obtidos neste trabalho o número de espécies que ocorrem na Baía do Almirantado passa a 57 táxonsBased on morphological studies, the marine macroalgae of Admiralty Bay ( King George Island , Antarctic Peninsula ) are represented by 55 taxa: 30 Rhodophyta, 16 Phaeophyceae and 9 Chlorophyta. It was recently proposed the use of DNA barcodes for quick and accurate identification of seaweeds. The 5\' end region of mitochondrial cox1 gene is used to identify brown and red algae, the plastid gene tufA is used in identifying green algae, and the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene - UPA universal plastid amplicon is used to identify photosynthetic organisms in general. The aim of this study was to obtain sequences of DNA barcodes and other phylogenetic markers for the formation of the first molecular database for macroalgae of Admiralty Bay, Antarctica. About 100 specimens of macroalgae were collected at various points of the bay during the OPERANTARs XXV and XXIX , which occurred during December 2006 to June 2007 and December 2010 and January 2011 respectively. In this study, we obtained a total of 209 sequences, covering 29 of the 55 species cited for the site. Of those 157 sequences are DNA barcodes, of which 95 are for the marker sequences of chloroplast UPA, 39 sequences for the mitochondrial markercox1 and 23 sequences for the tufA. The consensus sequences of the DNA barcodes were subjected to distance analysis to determine the genetic groupings.After analyzing the clusters obtained for the DNA barcodes, specimens representing each taxon were selected to the sequencing of phylogenetic markers rbcL, SSU and/or ITS sequences totaling 52 sequences for those markers. In this study, molecular data were obtained for 8 species of Chlorophyta , 9 species of Phaeophyceae and 14 species of Rhodophyta. Among the Chlorophyta species, Prasiola sp. and Protomonostroma rosulatum> (previously cited as P. undulatum), the Phaeophyceae Chordaria linearis and the Rhodophyta Acanthococcus antarticus, Plumariopsis peninsularis and Callophyllis sp. (previously cited as Callophyllis atrosanguinea) are new records for the Admiralty Bay. And the species Callophyllis sp. is possibly a new species. Other two species previously mentioned, based on molecular results, Desmarestia chordalis and Pyropia woolhousiae do not occur at the site. With the results obtained in this work the number of species that occur in Admiralty Bay are of 57 taxa.
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Sander, Kirk M. "Holocene climate and hydrologic changes recorded in Tufa and Lacustrine deposits in Southern Yemen." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001651.
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Vieira, Helena Henriques. "Avaliação da universalidade de primers de marcadores moleculares para aplicação na classe Chlorophyceae (Chlorophyta)." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2108.
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The polifasic taxonomy approach became indispensable in classification of living beings, especially microorganisms, such as Chlorophyceae. This class is compound of very distinct organisms most microscopic, unicellular, colonials, filamentous, and the classification and identification is many times hampered due the lack of structures observable that helps the discrimination. Some habits, reproduction, the occurrence of cryptic species are some factors that can lead to forms that make difficult the taxonomy of these organisms. Besides the traditional morphology, the molecular biology allows a robust concerning the classification of the studied organism. Associated to a better classification, the search for faster and more practical methods of identification, as DNA Barcode, became intensified and many molecular markers are available in literature to be tested. For some groups of animals, brown algae, red algae and diatoms the marker COXI is considered an official DNA Barcode. However other groups, as Chlorophycea, are under constant investigation, due the fact that molecular marker that can be used satisfactory as DNA Barcode have not been found yet. Plastid markers as tufA, rbcL and nuclear as ITS are some of the most proposed to be applied in green algae, often combined with each other or other markers. However, for act as a molecular marker, it is necessary to be amplified by primers broadly applied. The present study has tested primers for tufA, ITS and rbcL marker, available in literature and already in use in other groups, looking for universality in Chlorophyceae. We also tested proposed universal primers for Chlorophyta (UCP4). Moreover, preliminary analyses have been performed for application of the markers as barcode in the class. The primers used for tufA marker showed universality in Chlorophycea amplifying for all 22 strains tested and sequencing have failed only for Oedogonium strain. From the rbcL marker, the primer pair GrbcL has amplified 12 and sequenced 7 of 22 strains and rbcLFP which one the reverse primer was designed in this study amplified and sequenced 16 lineages. Primers from the ITS marker amplified only 5 lineages and UCP4 primers have not amplified any strain. Beside the universality found for tufA primers, Analysis with the obtained sequences showed that the tufA gene is a promising molecular marker to be applied in Chlorophyceae.
A abordagem polifásica de taxonomia se tornou indispensável na classificação especialmente de microorganismos, como os da classe Chlorophyceae. Esta classe é composta de organismos muito distintos, sendo a maioria microscópica, apresentando formação do talo unicelular, colonial e filamentosa e a classificação e identificação dos representantes desta classe são muitas vezes dificultadas pelo fato de não possuírem estruturas observáveis em microscópio usadas para discriminação. Alguns hábitos e tipos de reprodução, a ocorrência de espécies crípticas são alguns fatores que podem resultar em formas que também dificultam a taxonomia destes organismos. Associada a uma classificação mais robusta, a procura por métodos mais rápidos e práticos, como o DNA Barcode, se intensificou e muitos marcadores moleculares já se encontram disponíveis na literatura para serem testados. Para alguns grupos de animais, algas pardas, algas vermelhas e diatomáceas o marcador COXI é considerado oficial como DNA Barcode. Entretanto, outros grupos como Chlorophyceae este marcador não é aplicável devido a sua natureza conservada e, portanto, estão sob constante investigação, devido ao fato de que ainda não foram encontrados marcadores que possam ser aplicados satisfatoriamente como DNA Barcode. Marcadores plastidiais como tufA, rbcL e nucleares como o ITS são alguns dos mais aplicados em estudos com algas verdes, muitas vezes combinados entre si ou com outros marcadores. Entretanto para que figurem como marcadores moleculares devem ser amplificados por primers que possam ser aplicados de maneira ampla. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo testar primers para os marcadores tufA, ITS, rbcL , disponíveis na literatura e já aplicados com outros grupos, buscando a universalidade destes primers também em Chlorophyceae. Foi testado também um par de primers proposto como universal para Chlorophyta (UCP4). Os primers para o gene tufA mostraram universalidade para a classe amplificando todas as 22 cepas testadas com falha no seqüenciamento apenas para a cepa de Oedogonium sp.Os primers para o gene rbcL, GrbcL, amplificou 12 e seqüenciou satisfatoriamente 7 cepas das 22 utilizadas, e o par rbcLFP, o qual teve um de seus iniciadores desenhado neste estudo, amplificou e seqüenciou 16 cepas. Primers para o gene ITS amplificaram 5 cepas com bom seqüenciamento de apenas 3 e o par de primers UCP4 não amplificou nenhuma cepa. Além da universalidade observada do par de primers para o gene tufA, análises com as seqüências obtidas mostraram que este gene se mostrou um promissor candidato a marcado molecular para aplicação na classe Chlorophyceae.
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Oste, Jéssica Thais Ferreira. "Caracterização geoquímica dos depósitos tipo tufa do Quaternário da formação Serra da Bodoquena, Membro Rio Formoso, MS." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/52889.
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Orientador : Prof. Dr. Anelize BahniukCoorientadores : Dr. Almério Barros França ; Prof. Dr. Leonardo Fadel Cury
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 17/03/2017
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Resumo: Carbonatos não-marinhos, como os travertinos e tufas, têm se tornado o principal alvo de estudos por empresas petrolíferas, devido às grandes similaridades dessas rochas com as rochas reservatório do Pré-Sal. Este projeto está inserido no âmbito do Projeto Geobiocal, convênio técnico-científico entre Universidade Federal do Paraná e Universidade de Hiroshima (Japão). As tufas são rochas carbonáticas continentais precipitadas a partir de fluidos ricos em bicarbonato e carbonato em temperatura ambiente. Essas rochas possuem sua gênese relacionada à combinação de processos físico-químicos e biológicos, a saturação do fluido em bicarbonato e carbonato de cálcio e ao processo de desgaseificação, os quais influenciam na precipitação de carbonato de cálcio (calcita ou aragonita). No Brasil, os depósitos quaternários tipo tufa ocorrem extensamente na Serra da Bodoquena (MS), que pertencem ao contexto geotectônico da Faixa de Dobramentos Paraguai Sul. As tufas ocorrem principalmente ao longo de drenagens, e estão relacionadas com o sistema cárstico e com rochas subjacentes do Grupo Corumbá. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos compreender as características do sistema hidrológico, ambiente deposicional, além de testar a biogenicidade das tufas da região de Bonito. Para isso, foram realizadas análises geoquímicas através de Difratometria de Raios X (DRX) e Fluorescência de Raios X (FRX), análises isotópicas de Carbono e Oxigênio, bem como estudos por Microtomografia de Raios-X e imageamento através de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), além de análises palinológicas. Diversas amostras de rocha foram coletadas em duas localidades em Bonito, denominadas sítios Taíka e Mimosa, situadas estratigraficamente no Membro Rio Formoso, Formação Serra da Bodoquena. Descrições de campo e análises petrográficas permitiram a identificação das seguintes fácies: fitoherma, estromatolitos e shrubs. Foram identificados elementos geomorfológicos tais como piscinas, barreiras e cascatas/cachoeiras como os principais ambientes deposicionais. As amostras de tufa analisadas são constituídas essencialmente por calcita e, pontualmente, por quartzo. Valores depletados de ?18O indicam um fluído com origem meteórica, compatível com valores da literatura para tufas. A presença de cianobactérias e outros organismos fotossintéticos, além da influencia de águas de solos com carbono leve estão relacionados aos valores negativos de ?13C. A análise através de MEV revelou diversos filamentos de cianobactérias, confirmando processos com influência biológica durante a formação de tufas da Serra da Bodoquena. Análises palinológicas revelaram palinomorfos de fungos, hifas, grãos de pólen e esporos de pteridófitas, os quais indicam um ambiente úmido com vegetação abundante, típico de clima tropical. Palavras-chave: Formação Serra da Bodoquena; Membro Rio Formoso; Tufas calcárias; Geoquímica.
Abstract: Non-marine carbonate rocks, such as travertines and tufas, have become targets for oil companies because of their great similarities with the Aptian reservoir rocks in Brazil. The present project is part of the Geobiocal Project, a technical-scientific cooperation between the Federal University of Parana (Brazil) and the Hiroshima University (Japan). Tufas are continental carbonate rocks precipitated from a bicarbonate fluid at surface temperature. The genesis of tufas is related to physical, chemical, and biological processes, where calcium bicarbonate-saturated fluid loses its CO2 by degassing, which results in calcium carbonate precipitation (calcite or aragonite). Quaternary deposits occur in Bonito, Brazil, located in Serra da Bodoquena, which is included in a tectonic unit named South Paraguai Fold Belt. The tufas occur mostly along rivers and creeks in a karstic system of the Corumba Group. The present work aims to understand the hydrological system and the depositional environment, besides testing the biogenecity of tufas in the Bonito region. For this purpose geochemical (X ray Diffraction, X ray Fluorescence and stable isotopes) analyses, X ray microtomography and scanning electron microscopy observations were carried out, besides palynological analysis. Several samples of rocks were collected in two locations in Bonito, named Taika and Mimosa sites, both in the Rio Formoso Member. Field description provided the following facies: stromatolites, phytohermal tufa and shrubs. Pools, barriers and cascade/waterfall were identified as the main depositional environment. Results of XRD and XRF indicate the presence of calcite and, locally, quartz. A depletion of the ?18O indicates a fluid of meteoric origin, which is compatible with the literature for tufas. The presence of cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic organisms, besides the influence of light carbon soil is related with low values of ?13C. Images taken under SEM showed several cyanobacterial filaments, proving the influence of biological processes on the formation of tufas at Serra da Bodoquena. Palynological analysis revealed palynomorphs of fungus, hyphae, pteridophyte spores and pollen grains, which indicate a humid environment with abundant vegetation, typical of tropical climate. Keywords: Serra da Bodoquena Formation; Rio Formoso Member; Calcareous tufas; Geochemistry.
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Thomas, Lisa. "Karst hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry and processes of tufa deposition in Carboniferous limestone springs of the Mells Valley, Somerset." Thesis, Bath Spa University, 2007. http://researchspace.bathspa.ac.uk/1469/.
Full textAbstract:
A number of karst springs rise in the Carboniferous strata of the Mells Valley, Somerset which is an area surrounded by many active and disused quarries. Some of these karst springs actively deposit tufa, a secondary precipitate of calcium carbonate, and they have been identified by the Environment Agency as potentially vulnerable to the effects of local sub-water table quarrying. A comparative study of a tufa-depositing spring, Whitehole Farm Spring, and a non tufa-depositing spring, St. Dunstan's Well, was carried out in order to determine the influence of hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry and environmental biology on the processes of tufa deposition. The two springs are approximately 2 km apart and located within the same outcrop of Carboniferous Limestone strata. A series of qualitative dye-tracing tests established a positive hydraulic connection between a feeder stream which rose in the Old Red Sandstone of the upper hydrological catchment, a sinkhole at the junction with the Lower Limestone Shales and Whitehole Farm Spring resurgence in the Carboniferous Limestone. The sinkhole was shown to have two separate channels to the water table. The tests demonstrated that structural geology and the water table had definable effects on the subterranean route and travel time of the allogenic recharge water. The recharge water to Whitehole Farm Spring was guided by the SE - NW Downhead Fault and did not follow the SW - NE course of the natural dry valley. The water velocity was dependent on the height of the local water table at the time of the tests. Hydrograph analysis of flow data combined with the dye-tracing tests illustrated the rapid response of the springs to storm events (< 24 hrs). The results gave an indication of the shallow nature of the Carboniferous Limestone aquifer and the different stages of development of fissures and conduits in the two spring systems, St. Dunstan's Well being a more mature karst system than Whitehole Farm Spring. Analysis of 18 monthly water samples from both springs at their resurgences and 100 metres downstream revealed temporal and spatial differences in the hydrogeochemistry of the springs and their streams. Ca 2+ and HCOs' were the dominant ions in both spring waters, however, neither of the spring resurgences were supersaturated with respect to calcite (Whitehole Farm Spring, mean -0.17 ± 0.08 Sic ; St. Dunstan's Well, mean -0.33 ± 0.08 Sic). The resurgence water at Whitehole Farm Spring was higher in Ca 2+ (mean 112 ± 3.35 mg I" 1 ) than at St. Dunstan's Well and became supersaturated as it flowed downstream (mean 0.43 ±0.10 Sic). Lower Ca 2+ levels at St. Dunstan's Well (80 ± 2.7 mg I" 1 ) were influenced by the degassing of recharge water and the deposition of calcite as speleothem within the open system of caves behind the resurgence. Downstream supersaturation was also lower (-0.011 ± 0.079 Sic). There was a highly significant difference (p <0.001) between mean daily flow at Whitehole Farm Spring (0.95 ±0.19 ML d" 1 ) and St. Dunstan's Well (11. 58 ± 1.93 ML d" 1 ). Electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, Na, K, and NO 3 were also higher at Whitehole Farm Spring, the differences being significant (p < 0.01). There were major differences in the biodiversity and environment of the two sites. Petrographic examination of field-collected tufa samples from Whitehole Farm Spring demonstrated that the stream flora, in particular lower plants, and the surrounding riparian vegetation were a major influence on the formation and morphology of the tufa deposits. Newly accreted tufa which had formed on artificial substrates placed in the stream, revealed calcite crystals surrounding the empty moulds of filamentous cyanobacteria. Hydrological conditions within the stream also influenced the micromorphology of calcite crystals forming on two filamentous algal species, Vaucheria longata and Zygnema stellinum. Whitehole Farm Spring was also found to be the more stable environment where biodiversity was higher. The shaded conditions created by Whitehole Farm Spring's woodland environment were beneficial to the growth of filamentous algae, cyanobacteria and bryophytes. The dominant species upstream was a crustose epilithic red alga Hildenbrandia rivularis. Downstream, in and on the tufa deposits the dominant aquatic flora were a number of species of the filamentous yellow-green alga Vaucheria and the cyanobacterium Lyngbya and the moss species Palustriella (Cratoneuron) commutatum. These species were either absent or growing under different ecological conditions at St. Dunstan's Well where there was sparse woodland. The dominant species at St. Dunstan's Well was the filamentous green alga Cladophora glomerata which was not present at Whitehole Farm Spring. Debris from the surrounding riparian vegetation at Whitehole Farm Spring acted as substrates for colonisation by microorganisms which enhanced the nucleation and growth of tufa in the stream. Hydrological and environmental conditions at St. Dunstan's Well prevented the accumulation of organic debris within the stream flow. The study highlighted the need for conservation of the natural environment and biota in order to maintain actively-depositing tufa springs.
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Roche, Adeline. "Dépôts carbonatés microbiens en domaine lacustre et fluviatile : fabriques et facteurs de contrôle." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCK032.
Full textAbstract:
Dans les systèmes continentaux actuels, les dépôts carbonatés liés à une activité microbienne présentent des morphologies et des compositions variées et se développent dans des environnements très différents (lacs d’eau douce, alcalins, hyper-salés, rivières, systèmes hydrothermaux, etc.). Face à la diversité des dépôts microbiens continentaux et leur spécificité, les terminologies et les classifications sont devenues multiples et complexes, rendant leur usage difficile et contraignant pour les interprétations des environnements de dépôts. Par ailleurs, la minéralisation de ces dépôts carbonatés résulte de l’interaction de facteurs biotiques (intrinsèque) et de facteurs environnementaux (extrinsèques et externes) agissant à différentes échelles. Le premier objectif de ce travail était de caractériser les morphologies et les compositions des carbonates microbiens à travers une analyse fine de ces dépôts à l’échelle macro-, méso- et microscopique. Le deuxième objectif était d’identifier les facteurs contrôlant le développement et la préservation des carbonates microbiens. Ces objectifs ont été abordés à travers trois exemples ; deux exemples lacustres fossiles : les bioconstructions à microbes et métazoaires du bassin des Limagnes (France) ; les dépôts microbiens pléistocènes du lac asséché de Winnemucca (Nevada, États-Unis) et un exemple fluviatile actuel : les tufas-microbiens de la Vallée de la Mérantaise (France). Ces trois exemples permettent de préciser et de proposer une nouvelle classification des fabriques des dépôts microbiens, de l’échelle macroscopique à microscopique. Cette classification, basée sur des critères descriptifs, facilite la caractérisation des carbonates microbiens ouvrant sur de nouvelles interprétations des environnements de dépôts. L’étude des dépôts minéralisés de la Vallée de la Mérantaise et des minéralisations obtenues lors d’expériences de précipitations des micro-organismes extraits de ces mêmes milieux ont permis de discuter du caractère biotique des minéralisations. L’origine biotique des dépôts carbonatés des Limagnes et de Winnemucca est fortement suggérée, même s’il subsiste toujours un doute quand il s’agit d’attester de l’origine biotique dans le registre fossile. Plusieurs facteurs environnementaux contrôlent la répartition, les morphologies, le développement et la préservation des dépôts microbiens dans les trois secteurs d’étude : le climat et les variations d’accommodation influencent les géométries (à l’échelle du million et du millier d’années) et les microfabriques (échelle saisonnière), le contexte géodynamique (tectonique et volcanisme) contrôle la géométrie et la répartition des dépôts microbiens à l’échelle du bassin et les failles constituent des drains pour la circulation des fluides. Les paramètres physico-chimiques des eaux s’avèrent être un facteur prépondérant dans la minéralisation des carbonates microbiens. Ils résultent de changements du bilan ionique en lien avec les apports de surface et de sub-surface dans ces différents systèmes. Enfin, la minéralisation et la préservation des dépôts microbiens sont favorisées par la présence de substrats durs et stables, qui impactent également leur morphologie. Afin de mieux comprendre l’origine et la diversité des carbonates microbiens continentaux, les études à multi-échelle s’avèrent essentielles pour discuter de l’influence des facteurs de contrôleThe non-marine carbonates related to microbial activity display a large range of morphologies and compositions and accumulate in various settings (freshwater, alkaline, and saline lakes, fluvial environments, thermal and freshwater springs, …). The variety of non-marine microbial carbonates and their particularity led to propose numerous and complex terminologies and classifications, making their use complicated and restrictive for the interpretation of depositional settings. Mineralization of these carbonates results from the interaction between biotic factors (intrinsic) and environmental factors (extrinsic and external) at multi-scales. The first aim of this work was to characterize morphologies and compositions of microbial carbonates, through a detailed analysis of these deposits at macro-, meso- and microscales. The second aim was to identify the controlling factors acting on the development and preservation of microbial carbonates. To develop these topics, three examples have been studied: two ancient lacustrine systems: the microbial-metazoan buildups from the Limagne Basin (France), the Pleistocene microbial deposits from the dry Winnemucca Lake (Nevada, USA) and one modern fluvial system: the microbial-tufa of the Mérantaise Valley (France). From these examples, a new classification of the fabrics of microbial deposits ranging from macro to micro-scale has been proposed. Based on descriptive criteria, this classification is helpful for the characterization of microbial deposits and improves the discussion about depositional settings. The study of the mineralized deposits of the Mérantaise Valley and results from microbial culture experiments in the laboratory extracted from the same environment showed the implication of microorganisms in mineralization. The microfabrics from Limagne and Winnemucca Basin reveal a likely biotic origin of these carbonates even if doubt remains on the direct biotic origin in the fossil record. Several environmental factors control the distribution, morphologies, development, and preservation of microbial deposits in the three studied settings: climate and variation of accommodation influence the geometries (at the million- or thousand-years scale) and the microfabrics (seasonal scale), the geodynamic context (tectonics and volcanism) controls the geometry and the distribution of microbial deposits at the basin-scale and faults form drains for fluids circulation. Physico-chemical parameters of waters appear to be a major factor for the mineralization of microbial carbonates. They result from changes in the ion balance depending on surface and sub-surface inputs in these different systems. Finally, the presence of hard and stable substrates improves the mineralization and preservation of microbial deposits and impact their morphologies. To better understand the origin and diversity of non-marine microbial carbonates, a multi-scale approach is crucial to discuss the influence of controlling factors
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Bergman, Jessica M. "Genetics and Growth Regulation in Salmonella enterica." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-235224.
Full textAbstract:
Most free-living bacteria will encounter different environments and it is therefore critical to be able to rapidly adjust to new growth conditions in order to be competitively successful. Responding to changes requires efficient gene regulation in terms of transcription, RNA stability, translation and post-translational modifications. Studies of an extremely slow-growing mutant of Salmonella enterica, with a Glu125Arg mutant version of EF-Tu, revealed it to be trapped in a stringent response. The perceived starvation was demonstrated to be the result of increased mRNA cleavage of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes leading to lower prolyl-tRNA levels. The mutant EF-Tu caused an uncoupling of transcription and translation, leading to increased turnover of mRNA, which trapped the mutant in a futile stringent response. To examine the essentiality of RNase E, we selected and mapped three classes of extragenic suppressors of a ts RNase E phenotype. The ts RNase E mutants were defective in the degradation of mRNA and in the processing of tRNA and rRNA. Only the degradation of mRNA was suppressed by the compensatory mutations. We therefore suggest that degradation of at least a subset of cellular mRNAs is an essential function of RNase E. Bioinformatically, we discovered that the mRNA of tufB, one of the two genes encoding EF-Tu, could form a stable structure masking the ribosomal binding site. This, together with previous studies that suggested that the level of EF-Tu protein could affect the expression of tufB, led us to propose three models for how this could occur. The stability of the tufB RNA structure could be affected by the elongation rate of tufB-translating ribosomes, possibly influenced by the presence of rare codons early in the in tufB mRNA. Using proteomic and genetic assays we concluded that two previously isolated RNAP mutants, each with a growth advantage when present as subpopulations on aging wild-type colonies, were dependent on the utilization of acetate for this phenotype. Increased growth of a subpopulation of wild-type cells on a colony unable to re-assimilate acetate demonstrated that in aging colonies, acetate is available in levels sufficient to sustain the growth of at least a small subpopulation of bacteria.
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Lopez, Benjamin. "Architecture et distribution des systemes carbonatés se développant autour des sources hydrothermales : cas d’étude du basin de Denizli (Turquie), de la region de Rapolano (Italie) et de Mammoth Hot Springs (Wyoming, USA)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4326.
Full textAbstract:
Les carbonates de sources hydrothermales (ou Geothermal Spring Carbonate, GSC) sont des systèmes carbonatés qui se développent autour de sources dont les eaux ont circulé en profondeur et sont remontées le long de failles perméables. Leur développement est contrôlé en tout premier lieu par la nature des eaux souterraines auxquelles ils sont liés. La formation de ces carbonates dépend d’interactions complexes entre les processus hydrologiques, tectoniques et structuraux se produisant avant l’émergence. Par la suite, la sédimentation est régie par de nombreux processus résultant des variations hydrologiques et chimiques de l’eau ainsi que par l’activité biologique. Du fait des interactions complexes entre ces facteurs, la sédimentation est sensible à de faible variations environnementales et il en résulte ainsi un grand nombre d’environnement de dépôts et de lithofacies.Le but de cette étude est d’améliorer les connaissances et les concepts fondamentaux propres au développement des carbonates de sources hydrothermales (GSC). Pour cela, elle s’appuie principalement sur l’examen des faciès que ce soit à petite échelle, comme l’observation des microstructures (microfabrics), ou à grande échelle, comme leur agencement en trois dimensions. De tels examens ont été effectués dans des sites hydrothermaux où ces carbonates se sont développés au cours du Quaternaire (région de Rapolano en Italie, bassin de Denizli en Turquie ou encore le Parc du Yellowstone dans le Wyoming, USA)Geothermal spring carbonate (GSC) corresponds to a complex carbonate system formed around carbonate-rich springs fed by rising groundwaters along permeable fault zones. Their development is mainly controlled by the nature of springwaters emerging above water table. Therefore carbonate deposition is, in this setting, intimately related to complex interactions between hydrological, tectonic and structural processes occurring prior to water emergence. Moreover, carbonate sedimentation from springwater results from sedimentary processes controlled by complex interactions between hydrological, chemical characteristics and biological activity. Such processes are sensitive to slight environmental variations and thus lead to a large spectrum of lithofacies and ecosystems.The aim of this study is to improve knowledge and fundamental concepts regarding development of geothermal spring carbonates. For that purpose, lithofacies investigation, from microfabrics at micro-scale to 3-dimensional configuration at field-scale, is considered as an essential tool. Such investigations had been carried out in sites where Quaternary and actively forming GSCs were abundant (e.g. Rapolano region, Italy, Denizli Basin, Turkey and Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA)
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Richardson, Justin. "Assessing the preservation potential of biogenic features in pre-Neogene tufas and travertines applications to exobiology /." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1116873156.
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Sopaci, Evrim. "Geotechnical Characterization And Rock Mass Classification Of The Antalya Karstic Rock Masses." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615126/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis identifies the geotechnical parameters of the Antalya karstic foundation rocks
(travertine/tufa), which are highly variable in nature, by means of geological observations,
geotechnical site investigations, and field and laboratory geomechanics tests to examine
karstic (mainly tufa) rock mass behavior. Several geotechnical parameters such as
porosity, seismic wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength, Young&rsquos modulus, tensile strength, etc. that are thought to have significant influence on rock mass behavior have been tested and statistically analyzed. Principal component analysis and multiple linear and non-linear regression analyses have been carried out in order to reveal correlations between the geotechnical parameters tested. Porosity has been statistically determined to be one of the major parameters governing the strength of the Antalya tufa rock mass. Intact rock failure criteria, among which Bieniawski&rsquo
s criterion has been proven to be more appropriate for each tufa type (phytoherm framestone, phytoherm boundstone, microcrystalline tufa, phytoclast tufa and intraclast tufa) along with the Antalya tufa rock mass have been determined from the experiments. GSI rock mass classification of the Antalya tufa rock mass, whose GSI value was recommended between 20±
5 and 75±
5, has been attempted to be used in engineering design. Furthermore, the depth and dimension of the karstic cavities and fractures have been investigated by the geophysical tests, surface geological survey and subsurface investigations (borings and observation pits).
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Shishido, Tânia Keiko. "Análise fenotípica, genética e de bioatividade de isolados brasileiros de cianobactérias dos gêneros Fischerella e Hapalosiphon." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64133/tde-08032010-102001/.
Full textAbstract:
A afiliação genérica de Fischerella e Hapalosiphon é problemática devido à instabilidade dos caracteres morfológicos. Os gêneros Fischerella e Hapalosiphon são diferenciados pela presença de tricoma multisseriado e uni ou bisseriado, respectivamente. Porém, geneticamente esses caracteres não se mostraram diacríticos para diferenciar gêneros. Estudos moleculares de linhagens isoladas de ecossistemas brasileiros são escassos para Fischerella e inexistentes para Hapalosiphon. Neste estudo, oito linhagens de cianobactérias, pertencentes à família Hapalosiphonaceae, isoladas de água doce e solos brasileiros foram caracterizadas morfologicamente e geneticamente e analisadas para a produção de substâncias bioativas. As análises morfológicas identificaram cinco morfotípos de Fischerella (CENA19, CENA161, CENA212, CENA213, CENA214) e três de Hapalosiphon (CENA63, CENA71, CENA72). As análises filogenéticas do RNAr 16S usando neighbor-joining (NJ) e máxima verossimilhança (MV) colocaram todas as linhagens isoladas em um agrupamento com alto suporte (reamostragens de 99% NJ e MV) contendo membros da ordem Nostocales. Além disso, as linhagens de Fischerella selecionadas para o estudo agruparam-se em um clado interno com alto valor de reamostragem (100% NJ e 86% MV), com exceção da Fischerella CENA19. A posição dessa estirpe na árvore filogenética indica que necessita de revisão taxonômica. As linhagens de solo Hapalosiphon CENA71 e CENA72 também formaram um clado interno separado (99% NJ e 98% MV), mas a linhagem de água doce CENA63 foi colocada em um clado diferente (com valores de reamostragens de 99% NJ e MV), juntamente com linhagens do gênero Hapalosiphon e Westielopsis prolífica SAG 16.93, oriundas de solo. A comparação das análises filogenéticas individuais de regiões dos genes RNAr 16S, rpoC1, rbcL, tufA, e cpcBA-IGS das três linhagens de Hapalosiphon e de duas linhagens de Fischerella, CENA19 e CENA161, mostrou resultados incongruentes devido as diferentes taxas evolutivas desses genes. No entanto, a análise filogenética concatenada desses genes, mostrou que a Fischerella CENA19 agrupou com as duas linhagens de Hapalosiphon CENA71 e CENA72, com alto valor de reamostragem (100%), enquanto que a Fischerella CENA 161 e a Hapalosiphon CENA63 posicionaram-se cada uma em clados separados. Os resultados indicam que a nomenclatura das linhagens de cianobactérias da família Hapalosiphonaceae necessita de revisão. Os extratos intra e extracelulares das linhagens Fischerella sp. CENA161 e CENA19 e Hapalosiphon sp. CENA71 e CENA72 mostraram efeitos inibitórios no crescimento de bactérias patogênicas. As análises em espectrômetro de massas Q-TOF MS/MS indicaram a putativa presença de aeruginopeptina, cianopeptolina, fischerelina, aeruginosina, oscilapeptilida, microcistinas e ácido tumonóico nos extratos. No extrato intracelular da Fischerella sp. CENA161 identificou-se três ou quatro variantes de microcistinas, LR, LL, FR e/ou M(O)R. Fragmentos dos genes mcyA, mcyB, mcyC, mcyD, mcyE, mcyG e mcyI dessa linhagem foram seqüenciados. Nas duas análises filogenéticas realizadas com sequências de aminoácidos de McyE e sequências concatenadas de McyD, McyE e McyG, as enzimas da microcistina sintetase ficaram agrupadas de acordo com os gêneros de cianobactérias indicando um padrão de evoluçãoThe generic affiliation of Fischerella and Hapalosiphon is problematic due to instability of morphological characters. The Fischerella and Hapalosiphon genera are differentiated by the presence of trichome multisseriate and uni or bisseriate, respectively. However, genetically these characters were not diacritical to distinguish genera. Molecular studies of strains isolated from Brazilian ecosystems are scarce for Fischerella and absent for Hapalosiphon. In this study, eight cyanobacterial strains, belonging to Hapalosiphonaceae family, isolated from Brazilian freshwater and soil were morphologically and genetically characterized and analyzed for bioactive compound productions. The morphological analyses identified five Fischerella (CENA19, CENA161, CENA212, CENA213, CENA214) and three Hapalosiphon (CENA63, CENA71, CENA72) morphotypes. The neighbor-Joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA placed all isolated strains in high supported (99% NJ and ML of bootstrap) cluster containing members of the order Nostocales. Furthermore, the Fischerella strains studied were grouped in an internal clade with high bootstrap value (100% NJ and 86% ML), with exception of Fischerella CENA19. The position of this strain in the phylogenetic tree indicates that it needs taxonomical revision. The soil Hapalosiphon strains CENA71 and CENA72 also formed a separated tight internal clade (99% NJ and 98% ML), but the freshwater strain CENA63 was placed in a different clade (99% NJ and ML of bootstrap value) together with Hapalosiphon strains genera and Westielopsis prolifica SAG 16.93, originated from soil. The comparison of the phylogenetic analyses of individual regions of the genes 16S rRNA, rpoC1, rbcL, tufA, and cpcBA-IGS from the three Hapalosiphon strains and the two Fischerella strains CENA19 and CENA161 showed incongruent results due to different evolutionary rates of these genes. However, the concatenated phylogenetic analysis of these genes, showed that Fischerella CENA19 grouped with the two Hapalosiphon strains CENA71 and CENA72 with high bootstrap value (100%), while Fischerella CENA 161 and Hapalosiphon CENA63 were positionated each one in separate clades. The results indicate that the nomenclature of cyanobacterial strains from the family Hapalosiphonaceae needs revision. The intra and extracellular extracts of the Fischerella sp. strains CENA161 and CENA19 and Hapalosiphon sp. strains CENA71 and CENA72 showed inhibitory effects on the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The analysis in the mass spectrometer Q-TOF MS/MS indicated the presence of aeruginopeptin, cyanopeptolin, fischerellin, aeruginosin, oscillapeptilide, microcystins and tumonoic acid in the extracts. In the intracellular extracts of Fischerella sp. CENA161, three or four variants of microcystins, LR, LL, FR and/or M(O)R, were identified. Fragments of genes mcyA, mcyB, mcyC, mcyD, mcyE, mcyG and mcyI of this strain were sequenced. In both phylogenetic analyses performed with amino acid sequences of McyE and concatenated sequences of McyD, McyE and McyG, the microcystin synthetase enzymes were grouped according to the cyanobacterial genera, indicating a pattern of evolution
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Tien, Anh Tho. "The influence of climate variability on hydrological processes and surface and groundwater hydrochemistry : the tropical upper roper river catchment, Northern Territory, Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/44150/1/Anh_Tien_Thesis.pdf.
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The Upper Roper River is one of the Australia’s unique tropical rivers which have been largely untouched by development. The Upper Roper River catchment comprises the sub-catchments of the Waterhouse River and Roper Creek, the two tributaries of the Roper River. There is a complex geological setting with different aquifer types. In this seasonal system, close interaction between surface water and groundwater contributes to both streamflow and sustaining ecosystems. The interaction is highly variable between seasons.
A conceptual hydrogeological model was developed to investigate the different hydrological processes and geochemical parameters, and determine the baseline characteristics of water resources of this pristine catchment.
In the catchment, long term average rainfall is around 850 mm and is summer dominant which significantly influences the total hydrological system. The difference between seasons is pronounced, with high rainfall up to 600 mm/month in the wet season, and negligible rainfall in the dry season. Canopy interception significantly reduces the amount of effective rainfall because of the native vegetation cover in the pristine catchment. Evaporation exceeds rainfall the majority of the year. Due to elevated evaporation and high temperature in the tropics, at least 600 mm of annual rainfall is required to generate potential recharge.
Analysis of 120 years of rainfall data trend helped define “wet” and “dry periods”: decreasing trend corresponds to dry periods, and increasing trend to wet periods. The period from 1900 to 1970 was considered as Dry period 1, when there were years with no effective rainfall, and if there was, the intensity of rainfall was around 300 mm. The period 1970 – 1985 was identified as the Wet period 2, when positive effective rainfall occurred in almost every year, and the intensity reached up to 700 mm. The period 1985 – 1995 was the Dry period 2, with similar characteristics as Dry period 1. Finally, the last decade was the Wet period 2, with effective rainfall intensity up to 800 mm. This variability in rainfall over decades increased/decreased recharge and discharge, improving/reducing surface water and groundwater quantity and quality in different wet and dry periods.
The stream discharge follows the rainfall pattern. In the wet season, the aquifer is replenished, groundwater levels and groundwater discharge are high, and surface runoff is the dominant component of streamflow. Waterhouse River contributes two thirds and Roper Creek one third to Roper River flow. As the dry season progresses, surface runoff depletes, and groundwater becomes the main component of stream flow. Flow in Waterhouse River is negligible, the Roper Creek dries up, but the Roper River maintains its flow throughout the year. This is due to the groundwater and spring discharge from the highly permeable Tindall Limestone and tufa aquifers.
Rainfall seasonality and lithology of both the catchment and aquifers are shown to influence water chemistry. In the wet season, dilution of water bodies by rainwater is the main process. In the dry season, when groundwater provides baseflow to the streams, their chemical composition reflects lithology of the aquifers, in particular the karstic areas. Water chemistry distinguishes four types of aquifer materials described as alluvium, sandstone, limestone and tufa. Surface water in the headwaters of the Waterhouse River, the Roper Creek and their tributaries are freshwater, and reflect the alluvium and sandstone aquifers. At and downstream of the confluence of the Roper River, river water chemistry indicates the influence of rainfall dilution in the wet season, and the signature of the Tindall Limestone and tufa aquifers in the dry. Rainbow Spring on the Waterhouse River and Bitter Spring on the Little Roper River (known as Roper Creek at the headwaters) discharge from the Tindall Limestone. Botanic Walk Spring and Fig Tree Spring discharge into the Roper River from tufa. The source of water was defined based on water chemical composition of the springs, surface and groundwater.
The mechanisms controlling surface water chemistry were examined to define the dominance of precipitation, evaporation or rock weathering on the water chemical composition. Simple water balance models for the catchment have been developed.
The important aspects to be considered in water resource planning of this total system are the naturally high salinity in the region, especially the downstream sections, and how unpredictable climate variation may impact on the natural seasonal variability of water volumes and surface-subsurface interaction.
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Assafa, Tufa Enver [Verfasser], Christian [Gutachter] Herrmann, and Konstanze [Gutachter] Winklhofer. "Spin labeling strategies to study protein conformational changes and interaction networks via EPR spectroscopy / Tufa Enver Assafa ; Gutachter: Christian Herrmann, Konstanze Winklhofer ; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/119325244X/34.
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Curie, Julien. "Les travertins anthropiques, entre histoire, archéologie et environnement : étude geoarchéologique du site antique de Jebel Oust (Tunisie)." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL032/document.
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Le travertin, connu sous le terme de lapis tiburtinus dans l’Antiquité romaine, est une roche issue de la précipitation du carbonate dissous dans les eaux de sources chaudes (travertins) ou froides (tufs calcaires), sous l’influence de processus physico-chimiques et/ou biologiques. Ce phénomène est décrit dès l’époque gréco-romaine par les auteurs antiques (Strabon, Pline l’Ancien, Vitruve), qui témoignent d’une roche qui se forme sous leurs yeux, qui dessine le paysage et qui est largement exploitée pour la construction (p. ex. le Colisée à Rome, le Temple grec de Ségeste en Sicile). Abondamment répartis à la surface de la Terre et caractérisés par une certaine diversité morphologique, les travertins représentent d’excellents enregistreurs des conditions climatiques et hydrologiques de leur dépôt, offrant un potentiel très fiable d’archives sédimentaires utilisées au sein de problématiques paléoenvironnementales. La notion de travertins anthropiques définie ici prend en compte l’influence de l’Homme sur ces formations sédimentaires et les eaux qui leur sont associées. Elle est illustrée par une approche géoarchéologique des dépôts de travertins préservés sur le site antique de Jebel Oust, en Tunisie, où l’exploitation d’une source chaude est attestée depuis le début de notre ère jusqu’à son tarissement dès la fin de l’Antiquité tardive. La source thermale surgissant sur le versant oriental de la montagne fut l’objet d’un culte aux époques romaine puis paléochrétienne et alimentait en eau chaude, par le biais d’un aqueduc, un édifice thermal localisé en aval. Notre approche géoarchéologique met en lumière l’anthropisation du versant qui se traduit par un contrôle du fonctionnement de la source chaude et des dynamiques sédimentaires associées. En parallèle, l’analyse des travertins préservés au sein des structures antiques révèle des informations primordiales sur les conditions de déroulement du culte et sur les pratiques balnéaires (fonction des salles thermales, gestion de l’eau, phases de réfection, états d’abandon). Une vision plus générale d’une géoarchéologie des travertins anthropiques propose une nouvelle approche des problématiques liées à l’eau, en insistant sur la gestion plus ou moins complexe d’une source carbonatée, chaude ou froide, et en précisant le degré d’impact humain sur le développement des travertinsTravertine, known as lapis tiburtinus during Roman times, are continental limestones precipitated in calcareous environments from thermal waters of hot springs (travertine) or cool waters of karstic springs (calcareous tufa). This phenomenon is well-known during Classical Antiquity and had been described by several ancient authors (Strabo, Pliny the Elder, Vitruvius) who depicted a stone that forms extremely rapidly, a stone that outlines the landscape and which is largely used for construction (e.g. The Colosseum in Roma, the Greek temple at Segesta in Sicily). These deposits are widespread on Earth’s surface showing various morphologies and are great sedimentary records of climatic and hydrologic conditions. Thus they represent valuable proxies for palaeoenvironmental studies. The notion of anthropogenic travertine takes into consideration human impact on these deposits and on travertine-depositing waters. It is documented by the study of the roman site of Jebel Oust, Tunisia, where the exploitation of a hot spring is attested from the first century A.D. to the end of Late Antiquity. The site is characterized by a temple settled around the spring’s vent associated with Roman baths located downstream and supplied with hot water via an aqueduct. Our geoarchaeological approach brings to light the anthropization of the regional geosystem expressed by an entire control over the hot spring and its associated deposits. Furthermore the study of travertines preserved in the archaeological structures reveals precious and original information about water cult and bathing practices during Antiquity (thermal rooms function, water management, repair phases, states of neglect and decay). Moreover, geoarchaeology of anthropogenic travertine intends to offer a new approach of research‘s problematic dealing with water managements and integrating human impact on travertine’s development
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Knower, Andrea Torrence. "Biomechanics of thunniform swimming : electromyography, kinematics, and caudal tendon function in the yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares and the skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9907823.
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Redner, Michael Cumberland. "Tuba recital." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28874.
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Caruana, Saviour. "Studies on arteriosclerotic pathologies, haematology, immunology and lipids of captive Atlantic bluefin tuna." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21159.
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Commercial capture-based aquaculture of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT), Thunnus thynnus (L.), has been prominent in the Mediterranean for over a decade. Owing to several limitations encountered in working with the species, including its high commercial value, there has been little research carried out relating to this species. The objective of this study was to examine several health parameters of captive ABT. These included an examination of coronary artery lesions, haematology, plasma biochemistry, assessment of immune function and changes in fatty acid (FA) flesh content through the on-growing period. Arteriosclerosis in fish is a pathologic condition of uncertain etiology and involves the main coronary artery in teleosts. Apart from reports of their widespread occurrence in salmonids, they have been described from a restricted number of wild ABT specimens but have not received further attention. This investigation analysed the effect of size and period of net-pen rearing on the prevalence and severity of arteriosclerotic lesions in ABT. Coronary arteries from wild and captive fish were investigated and prevalence was 100 %, but increasing structural degradation was observed with increasing fish size, suggesting that lesions progress throughout the life of the fish. Due to the limited availability of wild specimens, the effect of captivity on arteriosclerosis in ABT could not be adequately quantified, although observations suggest that the farming process has no major effect on arteriosclerotic lesions in ABT. Studies on the haematology, plasma biochemistry and immunology of ABT are limited. Haematological and plasma biochemical indices are useful in animal health assessment but use of these requires the establishment of species-specific ranges. Blood was collected from captive ABT specimens of varying weight (61-361 kg) and the major haematological (n = 45), plasma biochemical (n = 30) and immunological parameters (n = 45) were quantified. Size-based differences were found in haematological indices between experimental sub-groups including increased erythrocyte number and haemoglobin level in smaller ABT. No differences were found in immunological parameters except for total IgM levels, which were higher in the smaller individuals. Preliminary investigations indicated that disease prevalence in captive ABT is very low. Epidermal mucus is an important interface between fish and their environment and comprises immunological components which act as a first barrier against pathogen entry or colonisation. Mucus was collected from captive ABT and analysed for innate immune components. The presence of IgM was detected in the mucus of ABT by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and several different enzymes were detected with an API-ZYM kit assay. Zymography experiments confirmed the presence of protease-like enzymes in the mucus, while enzyme assays quantified alkaline phosphatase, protease, esterase and cathepsin B activities. Lysozyme levels were high. The mucus agglutinated sheep erythrocytes but did not demonstrate complement or bacteriolytic activity. There is restricted information on the fatty acid composition of farmed ABT or how this is influenced when the fish are held under commercial aquaculture conditions. This study investigated the FA composition of farmed ABT, its variation by dorsal muscle region and the correlation between dietary FA composition with that of the fish. Analysis of flesh samples retrieved from farmed ABT did not reveal significant differences in the FA composition of experimental sub-groups irrespective of size, time held in captivity or diet. These results indicate that FA metabolism in ABT is substrate-selective. Gene expression measurements from several organs of ABT showed that expression of Δfad5 and elovl5, genes involved in FA metabolism, were highest in the brain followed by the liver but no expression of these genes was detected in the spleen. The findings of this research address aspects of health evaluation and nutritional status in farmed ABT and are discussed in terms of farming practice. Conclusions from some of these studies suggest that the practice of holding wild-captured stock in cages for periods of up to 18 months does not result in significant impact on ABT.
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Alheim, Mattias, and Odler Emil Eklundh. "Tuta i lurendrejeri." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22978.
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Purpose: Exploring the relatively new technology of convolution reverb, to gather knowledge on its limitations when used practically in the production of pop music, and from these findings to learn about applications in other performing arts and sound design.Methodology: This is a case study of creating convolution reverb by doing impulse responses (IR) and then applying them to studio recorded pop music. The empirical data consists of the final song results, notes and journals from during the process and the comparisons, as well as established litterature on acoustics, psycho-acoustics and music production.Results: Convolution reverb can widely and freely be used in the production of music and other audio-based art forms, since our study shows that the result of a well-made impulse response from a particular room is indistinguishable from music that is actually played and recorded in the same space.
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Rinderknecht, Peter. "Nomen und Verb im melanesischen Tuna (Tolai) /." Bern ; Frankfurt am Main ; New York ; Paris : P. Lang, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349463117.
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Farrand, William Halsey. "Visible and near infrared reflectance of tuff rings and tuff cones." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185423.
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Hydrovolcanic basaltic tephras from tuff rings and tuff cones were studied in order to better understand their origin and alteration processes. The visual and near infrared reflectance of tephras collected from Basin and Range tuff rings and tuff cones was measured in the laboratory. Further mineralogic and chemical information was gained through petrographic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe analysis and iron Mossbauer spectrometry. In addition, remotely sensed data from several airborne sensors was obtained for the Lunar Crater Volcanic Field in Nye County, Nevada and the Pavant Butte tuff cone in Millard County, Utah. Fresh tuff rings, resulting from dry pyroclastic surges, are composed of a variable mix of country rock fragments and unaltered sideromelane which has a dark reflectance spectrum dominated by Fe²⁺ crystal field bands near 1 and 2 μm. If water condenses on the sideromelane, a process of nearly syn-depositional hydration can occur. With increasing hydration, water and OH vibrational absorptions develop at 1.4 and 1.9 μm. Smectite clay minerals were recognized within thinly bedded tuff rings by the presence of a 2.2 μm absorption and by XRD results. These minerals have developed without extensive palgonitization. Tuff ring tephras can also become oxidized to the extent that a well developed Fe³⁺-O²⁻ charge transfer edge develops with weak Fe³⁺ crystal field features shortwards of 0.8 μm. The poorly inflated pyroclastic “flow”, that characterizes tuff cone formation, produces hot, wet, cohesive ash deposits that can alter relatively rapidly to palagonite. The reflectance of these highly palagonitized tephras is twice as high as that of tuff ring deposits, H₂O and OH vibrational absorption bands are also stronger and a 2.3 μm Mg-OH band is generally present. Increasing oxidation causes spectral features resulting from Fe³⁺ to become more pronounced. These include a shortwards shift in position and shallowing of the “1-μm” crystal field band and steepening of the Fe³⁺-O²⁻ charge transfer edge. Differences in spectral reflectance are ascribed primarily to differences in the degree of alteration which in turn is influenced by the water/magma ratio extant at the time of eruption. Remotely sensed data of hydrovolcanic vents acquired by several different air- and spaceborne sensors was also examined. These data sets were analyzed using a linear spectral mixture model. It was found that palagonite tuff constitutes an easily mapped spectral endmember, while the hydrated tuff typical of tuff rings is difficult to distinguish from other dark materials. The best mapping was performed with the systems with high spatial resolution such as the NSOO1 Thematic Mapper Simulator and the Geoscan Mk II advanced multispectral scanner. Airborne Visible/lnfrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data, calibrated to reflectance through reference endmember modelling, revealed previously undetected 2.2 μm absorption features in the palagonite tuff at Pavant Butte. The 1-μm feature in Pavant Butte palagonite tuff was mapped from the AVIRIS data using a band depth mapping routine although the resulting discrimination of palagonite tuffs was not as good as was obtained with the spectral mixture model.
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Longo, Stefano B. "Global sushi : a socio-ecological analysis of the Sicilian bluefin tuna fishery /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10230.
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Durrant, Camille. "A Conceptual Model of Groundwater Flow at the Midway, Utah Fish Hatchery as Constrained by Geochemical, Physical Hydrogeological, and Geophysical Methods." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd724.pdf.
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McLean, Michael G., and Michael G. McLean. "Building Technical Facility in Tuba and Euphonium Players through the Tuba-Euphonium Quartet." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/620632.
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In current tuba and euphonium writing there is considerable gap in technical difficulty between tuba-euphonium quartet literature and wind band literature for the secondary and collegiate musician. As the tuba and euphonium profession becomes ever more challenging, there is a great need to establish a curriculum for building technical facility. The importance of chamber music as a pedagogical tool is well documented and has been shown to develop technique, musicianship, and many other skills. There are a number of researchers whose work demonstrates the numerous benefits of including chamber music to students' education. However, because of the lack of small ensembles for tuba and euphonium players there is a need to utilize the tuba-euphonium quartet. This study provides a brief history of the tuba-euphonium quartet to give context to one of music's newer chamber groups. Selected works for both wind band and tuba-euphonium quartet are graded with a rubric to assign an appropriate difficulty level. An analysis of the selected works gives educators examples of how to take advantage of each work's unique technical aspects. Included in the appendices are grading breakdowns of fifty wind band compositions and forty-three tuba-euphonium quartet works.
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Main, Joel. "Using Travertine-Cemented Fault Breccias to Understand the Architecture and History of the Gunnison Fault Zone, eastern Basin and Range, Utah." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1440176868.
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Bower, Danel. "The tuba in solo and ensemble repertory : a critical perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/759.
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The topic of this research is to explore various aspects pertaining to the tuba and its role in music. The role of the tuba in modern performance practice is greatly dependent on the history of the tuba and the different roles that were fulfilled in the various eras. The study begins with an investigation into the most important predecessors of the tuba – the most prominent thereof being the ophicleide. The next field of study includes the role of the tuba in orchestras in different countries as well as the role that the tuba fulfills in various ensembles. There is a wide variety of brass instruments that were manufactured in the past and are still being produced today. Various improvements and adaptations of the tuba are listed and studied. Next the tuba is considered in its capacity as a solo instrument and the fact that the tuba can exist as a solo instrument is motivated. Even though it might not be evident that there are a large number of composers for this instrument, some of the most respected and influential composers of tuba music of all time are sighted in this study. Several famous and celebrated tuba players are mentioned and their accomplishments listed. Finally the three practical music examination institutions in South Africa are studied. Lists are compiled to assess the quality of the different examination options between these institutions and provide a suggestion of a preferred option.
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Holmes, William D. (William Dewey). "Style and Technique in Selected Works for Tuba and Electronic Prepared Tape: A Lecture Recital, Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works of V. Persichetti, A. Capuzzi, E. Gregson, W. Ross, N.K. Brown, and Others." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798161/.
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This study explores general stylistic characteristics of a sample of frequently performed works for solo tuba with prepared tape. Preliminary material includes a brief overview of the status of electronic music in the solo tuba repertoire as well as a short survey of the development of electronic music.
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Calkin, Joshua Russell. "The singing tuba : art songs transcribed for tuba and piano as beginning lyrical etudes." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1434.
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Radová, Tereza. "Tuba a jazz II. díl." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Hudební fakulta AMU. Knihovna, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-78150.
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Montesino, Hammarskjöld Teresa. "Crafting-design : Tuft meets Embroidery." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-24034.
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This project combines industrial tuft with handmade embroidery in order to explore various combinations of textured surfaces, materials and colors. The purpose is to investigate a meeting between craft and design by focusing on the encounter between the compact and the loose, the assembly of materials, as well as variations in levels and heights. The works are mainly based on recycled materials. Three textiles pieces were designed: a First Piece focuses on the meeting between craft and design; the Second Piece relates to different textures and the Third Piece addresses growth. The combination of hand embroidery and tufting create diversity and nuances in expressions, forms and textures. The small-scale of hand-embroidery permits the use of materials difficult or impossible to handle in machines and thus break the monotony of tuft. Through the tufting technique, larger compact pieces are produced that have depth and are sound-absorbent. This project aims to create a bridge between craft and design in the field of textile design.
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Davies, Bill Edward 1958. "Water movement in nonisothermal tuff." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191923.
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Water movement within three unsaturated welded tuff cores was studied in response to imposed thermal gradients of approximately 5°C/cm. Bulk density and initial, transient and final water content distributions were determined each 1-cm along the cores with gamma attenuation methods. Temperatures within the cores were measured by thermocouples embedded 1.5 cm into the rock cores. Liquid return flow toward the heat source was shown by the initial and final distributions of iodide. These experiments indicated that a countercurrent of water vapor driven away from a heat source and subsequent liquid return flow can be established when a thermal gradient is present within sealed porous rock cores. A field heating experiment was also performed in a densely-welded tuff formation. At a position 0.89 meters from a 1500W heat source, the temperature increased 11.1°C and the potential decreased approximately 9 bars after heating for 94 hours.
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Schiller, Laurenne Louise. "Tuna be, or not tuna be : using catch data to observe the ecological impacts of commercial tuna fisheries in the Pacific Ocean at varying spatial scales." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50110.
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Tuna are arguably the world’s most valuable, versatile, yet vulnerable fishes. With current landings over 4 million tonnes annually, all species of tuna from all three major ocean basins are caught, traded, and consumed at various intensities around the globe. Understanding the implications of such an extensive industry is paramount to protecting the long-term health and sustainability of both the tuna fisheries as well as the ecosystems in which they operate.
Given that the Pacific Ocean accounts for roughly two-thirds of the global commercial tuna catch, this thesis assesses the trends and ecological impacts of commercial tuna fishing at both the artisanal and industrial scale in this ocean. To observe the importance of tuna fisheries at a local scale, a case study of the Galápagos Islands is presented. In this context, it was observed that over-fishing and the subsequent depletion of large, low fecund serranids has resulted in a high level of ‘fishing down’ within the near-shore ecosystem. Consequently, as fishers are forced to expand to regions off-shore, tuna and coastal scombrids are becoming increasingly targeted. With regard to industrial fishing, tuna vessels (especially distant-water longliners) are known to generate a substantial amount of associated bycatch and discards.
The second component of this thesis quantified the amount of bycatch (retained and discarded) generated by Pacific tuna fishing fleets from 1950 to 2010. Unreported retained bycatch amounted to 1.4 million t; the total discarded catch associated with tuna fishing was 3.6 million t of target species and 7.9 million t of non-target species; sharks were the most commonly discarded species. These totals represent about 14% of the reported landings during this time.
Lastly, an analysis of the applicability of the ‘Catch-MSY’ method developed by Martell and Froese (2012) in the context of large pelagic fishes is presented. It was observed that this method produces MSY estimates highly correlated to those produced by complete stock assessments. Collectively, the results of this thesis suggest that the tools to adequately manage tuna exist; however, proper data collection is rare, and the implementation of adequate sustainable fishing measures by fisheries managers is still wanting.Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
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Danielsson, Emil. "Stora Tuna sockens emigranter 1885-1887 : En undersökning av emigrationen från Stora Tuna socken till Amerika." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-77947.
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Brown, Daniel Richard. "A HISTORY AND ANALYSIS OF THE ADVANCEMENTS IN JAZZ TUBA PERFORMANCE FROM 1940 UNTIL 2010." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195330.
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The purpose of this study is to provide a history of the development of jazz tuba performance from 1940 until 2010. The history consists of profiles of jazz tubists that developed or participated in new styles of jazz tuba performance. Musical figures are provided for different decades of change. Figures are taken from the original scores or transcribed from recordings and analyzed to highlight advancements.
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Vesselinov, Velimir Valentinov. "Numerical inverse interpretation of pneumatic tests in unsaturated fractured tuffs at the Apache Leap Research Site." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2000_95_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Göth, Nilsson Annika. "Urban kids- Funktionskläder för tuffa miljöer." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Teknik och samhälle, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20457.
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SammanfattningUrban kids är ytterfunktionskläder för citybarn. Projektet har gått ut på att utveckla funktionskläderför höst och vintersäsong som står i kontrast till outdoor- och sportföretagens estetiska värde. Målgruppen är modeintresserade stadsföräldrar som inte drar sig för att betala det lilla extra för att få en produkt som går i linje med deras livsstil. Syftet med arbetet var att ta fram underlag för att visa att det går att göra tekniskt funktionella ytterfunktionskläder för barn som inte klär sig sportigt.Med hjälp av idégenereringar och en mood board, ett bildkollage för känslan som produkten ska utstråla, har ett koncept arbetats fram under stilnamnet “rockig lekfullhet”. Detta blir ett koncept som är en motsats till det sportiga uttrycket.Genom hela projektets gång har designprocessen varit en vägledning för att nå målet. Detta innebäratt arbetet började med en grundläggande research inom material, miljö och certifieringar, funktionskläders uppbyggnad, konkurrenter, säkerhet och riktlinjer för barnkläder samt användareoch målgrupp. Vidare fortsatte processen med idégenerering och skissning för att ta fram tre koncept som efter utvärdering mot en funktionsanalys skulle resultera i ett slutgiltigt koncept för vidareutveckling.Slutresultatet är en jacka och byxa i skalmodell, vilket gör att plaggen kan användas under en längre period under säsongen. De mest utsatta delarna är försedda med en grövre, mer slitstark textil. Kulörvalet på denna modell är svart. Detta på grund av att den inspirerats av en rockigare attityd, där svart ofta förekommer, men det är inte det enda argumentet. Svart är en mer neutral kulör då plaggen är anpassade för både pojkar och flickor. Det är även en praktisk kulör då smuts inte framträder lika tydligt som om plagget skulle vara i till exempel en ljusare kulör.En annan viktig aspekt som det fokuserats på under projektet är material som går i linje med ett hållbart tankesätt. Fokus har legat på att hitta ett funktionsmaterial som stödjer detta. I researchfasenframkom membranet Eco Storm från den japanska tillverkaren Teijin. Detta material är ett polyestermembran som levereras med en yttertextil av återvunnen polyester.Som slutsats till detta arbete har det framkommit att det går att göra funktionskläder med citykänsla.Detta är inget nytt, speciellt inte inom vuxensegmentet, men skillnaden är att man väljer bort de tekniska funktionsmaterialen för barnkläder. Med Urban kids är detta nu ett alternativ även för barn.AbstractUrban kids- Functional apparel for rough environmentsUrban kids is functional apparel for city children. The aim for this project is to develop functional clothes for the autumn and the winter season which provides a contrast to the designs presented today by outdoor and sports companies. The target group is fashion oriented city parents that do not hesitate to pay a little extra for a product representing their life style. This project provides a foundation of information to support the idea that it is possible to design technically functional outer wear for children without the sporty look.By using brainstorming and a mood board, a picture collage which gives the essence of the product, the concept “rocky playfulness” was developed. This concept is a contrast to the sporty expression.Throughout the whole project the design process has been the guide to reach the goal. This means that the project started with a primary research on materials, sustainable issues and eco-certificate, competitors, safety and guidelines for children’s wear and requirements from the user and the target group. The process continued by brainstorming and sketching in order to present three concepts. By evaluation using a function analysis one final concept was chosen for further processing.The result is a jacket and a pair of trousers as shell garments in order to use it a longer period of time during the season. The parts of the clothes mostly exposed, are enhanced with stronger, more hardwearing fabric. The choice of colors is black. This is due to the inspiration by a rocky attitude where black is often seen, but it is however not the only reason. Black is a more genderneutral color suitable for both boys and girls. It is also a practical color considering that dirt doesn´t appear as clearly as if the garment had a brighter color.One other important aspect of this project is to use material coherent with recycling and a sustainableway of thinking, focusing on finding functional material which supports this. During the research the material Eco Storm, from the Japanese manufacturer Teijin, was found. It is a polyestermembrane with an outer fabric made of recycled polyester.The conclusion of this project is that it is possible to produce/design functional wear with an urban feeling. This is in itself nothing new, it has been used in adult clothing, but the difference is that the technical function materials are excluded in the children’s wear. With Urban kids this is now also an option for the children.
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Potter, David. "Concertino for Tuba, Winds, and Percussion." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500331/.
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Concertino for Tuba, Winds, and Percussion is a work for solo tuba and an ensemble consisting of two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, bass clarinet, bassoon, four horns, two trumpets, two trombones, bass trombone, and three percussionists. The percussionists play small, medium, and large suspended cymbals, triangle, tam tam, metal wind chimes, five tom toms, snare drum, tenor drum, bass drum, two sets of two timbales, five temple blocks, maracas, glockenspiel, vibraphone, chimes, xylophone, marimba, and five timpani. The three movements of the work follow the arrangement of the standard concerto format (fast-slow-fast). The lengths of the movements are approximately four minutes and fifteen seconds, two minutes and twenty-five seconds, and four minutes and ten seconds respectively. The total duration of Concertino is about eleven minutes.
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Arakchaa, Tayana. "Household and property relations in Tuva." [Boise, Idaho] : Boise State University, 2009. http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/38/.
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Puebla, Ruben Alexander. "The avant-garde tuba| Analysis and comparisons of interpretations of William Kraft's Encounters II for unaccompanied tuba." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1528027.
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Avant-garde repertoire is a common choice for young tubists looking for more advanced music with which to challenge themselves. However, atonal music, like William Kraft's Encounters II, presents potentially new difficulties to young tubists. An analysis of the piece will be presented in this project report, discussing organization of pitches, rhythmic elements of the piece, and the significant use of extended techniques. Furthermore, recordings available from different performers will be compared, including; comparisons of instruments used, with specific attention to instrument key and set-up; which of the three available editions were used to learn the piece; and how the individual performers decided to interpret the piece in comparison to the original recording by Roger Bobo. By developing a working knowledge of how the piece is organized and what potential difficulties lay ahead, young tubists can make decisions in order to maximize the success of the learning process.
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Hynds, Aaron Michael. "The Composer's Guide to the Tuba: Creating a New Resource on the Capabilities of the Tuba Family." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1558255903237631.
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