Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tumeur a cellule geante'
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BEAUTEMPS, GUY. "Les tenosynovites nodulaires hemopigmentees de la main : des tumeurs a cellules geantes." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M222.
Full textGouin, François. "Contribution a l'etude de l'osteolyse tumorale." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT060D.
Full textLIPSZYC, HERVE. "Tumeur a cellules geantes chez l'enfant : a propos d'un cas." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMM099.
Full textLavenu, Marie-Cécile. "Les cellules geantes en pathologie osseuse : tumeurs a cellules geantes et autres processus pathologiques. etude histologique et ultrastructurale in vivo et in vitro." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05S016.
Full textMonnier, Nicolas. "Goitre chronique corticosensible a cellules geantes." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M092.
Full textMartin, Olivier. "Hyperparathyroi͏̈die primaire de révélation atypique : à propos d'un cas." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11001.
Full textTanguy, Françoise Anne. "Fibroblastome à cellules géantes : à propos de trois cas et revue de la littérature." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25092.
Full textHEBRARD, CHRISTOPHE. "La tumeur a cellules de merkel : etude a propos d'un cas et revue de la litterature." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31178.
Full textHutin, Christian. "Tumeur a cellule de merkel : a propos d'un cas avec etude immunohistochimique et ultrastructurale et revue de la litterature." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M160.
Full textWagner, Béatrice. "Les tumeurs à cellules de Hürthle : à propos de 12 cas et revue de la littérature." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR1M296.
Full textBOSSAN, ERIC-FRANCOIS. "Les tumeurs de la parotide de malignite intermediaire : a propos de 22 cas." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11001.
Full textCOHEN, LE FOLL ANNIE. "Les tumeurs a cellules granuleuses de l'hypophyse : a propos de deux observations." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20135.
Full textREMY, DOMINIQUE. "Tumeurs testiculaires a cellules de leydig : a propos de quatre observations et revue de la litterature." Amiens, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AMIEM065.
Full textDUCRON, HAAS ELISABETH. "Tumeur de merkel : revue de la litterature a partir d'une observation." Lille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL2M041.
Full textBourzeix, Jean-Vincent. "Tumeur de Askin : à propos d'un cas." Limoges, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIMO0109.
Full textHESPERT, NATHALIE. "A propos d'un cas de tumeur mixte a cellules germinales et elements derives du stroma et des cordons sexuels observe chez l'homme : revue de la litterature." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M306.
Full textBretaudeau, Laurent. "Immunogenicite des corps apoptotiques tumoraux phagocites par des cellules dendritiques (doctorat immuno-cancerologie)." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT15VS.
Full textFRANZ, CLAUDIA. "Tumeurs oncocytaires de la thyroide : etude retrospective de 34 observations." Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL2M066.
Full textSoueidan, Assem. "Etude de la resorption d'un phosphate de calcium biphase (bcp) par des cellules de type osteoclastique." Nantes, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NANT02OD.
Full textETIENNE-JULAN, MARYSE. "Le carcinome neuroendocrine cutane : tumeur a cellule de merkel ; a propos d'une observation (travail du service de medecine interne c et de gerontologie clinique)." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11048.
Full textCaussinus, Emmanuel. "Croissances tumorales induites par l'altération des divisions asymétriques de cellules souches chez la Drosphile." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30208.
Full textLoss of cell polarity and cancer are tightly correlated, but a causative relationship has remained elusive. In stem cells, polarity loss and the resulting impairment of asymmetric cell division could bring about cell-fate alterations that could render one or the two daughters unable to respond to the mechanisms that control proliferation in the wild-type lineage. To test this hypothesis we have generated Drosophila larval neuroblasts that are mutant for different genes that control the asymmetric cell-division machinery and assayed their proliferative potential upon transplantation into adult hosts. We have found that pieces of larval brains carrying pins, mira, numb or pros mutant neuroblasts can grow over a hundred-fold the size of the implant, invading other tissues, and killing the hosts in less than three weeks. These tumors become immortal and can be re-transplanted into new hosts for years. Genome instability and centrosome alterations, two frequent traits of malignant carcinomas, are kept at wild-type levels during the initial stages of development in these tumors. However, six weeks after the first transplantation they affect at least 10% of the cells in all tumor lines. Growing evidence strongly suggests that the origin of some tumors may be a cancerogenic stem cell. Our results show that loss of function of any single one of several genes that control the cell-fate asymmetry of stem-cells daughters may result in over-proliferation of this lineage, triggering a chain of events that subverts cell homeostasis in a very general sense, and leads to cancer
Manent, Jan. "Analyse fonctionnelle du gène suppresseur de tumeur NF2 impliqué dans la Neurofibromatose de type 2." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066296.
Full textLOPEZ, PASCAL. "L'-inhibine, un suppresseur de tumeur dans la cellule de sertoli. Regulation de l'expression des genes sertoliens." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE5394.
Full textBergougnioux, Jean. "Analyse de la réponse au stress génotoxique de la cellule hôte induit par Shigella flexneri." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077083.
Full textShigella, the agent of bacillary dysentery, invades epithelial cells and causes inflammation of the human colonic mucosa. Shigella flexneri appears as a model of type III secretion System (TTSS) mediated invasion and subversion of the intestinal epithelium. Translocation of effector proteins in the host cytoplasm via a TTSS is a strategy by which bacterial pathogens target membrane associated proteins, signaling pathways and specific host cell genes promoters. We found that virulent strain of Shigella but not the avirulent non invasive plasmid cured derivative led to the appearance of micronuclei, a modification reminiscent of nuclear chromatin injury. Using COMET assay, we showed that Shigella induces an early genotoxic stress with activation of the ATM/H2Ax DNA damage response. However, analysis of the downstream effectors of the genotoxic stress response pathway shows that p53 is not stabilized during the course of Shigella infection but targeted to degradation through the proteasome. We identified the virulence factor IpgD as a positively regulator of p53 degradation at the very early time of infection. IpgD promotes formation of active phospho-Mdm2 through a PI3-kinase pathway. This IpgD-dependent p53 dégradation process was coupled to calpain activation that occurred in the later phase of infection. Importantly, we found that Shigella represses the expression of the proapoptotic p53 target genes such as Puma and Bax into colonic epithelial cells. Therefore, this work demonstrates that a bacterial pathogen can directly alter the level of p53 into colonic cells as à strategy to repress the proapoptotic p53 transcriptional program
Coppin, Emilie. "Leucémie myélomonocytaire chronique : rôle des molécules Dok-1 et Dok-2 en tant que suppresseurs de tumeur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4008.
Full textMy work focused on the roles of Dok-1 and Dok-2 proteins in physiological hematopoiesis in the CSH and pathological hematopoiesis in the case of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). They are negative regulators of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, activated upon receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) triggering. Moreover, Dok1 and Dok2 gene ablation (Dok DKO) in mice induces a myeloproliferative syndrome illustrating myeloproliferative (MP) form of CMML. This MP-CMML subtype is primarily characterized by alterations of genes encoding for proteins involved in RAS pathway, found in 30% of MP-CMML cases.We have identified DOK1 and DOK2 nucleotide variants. The DOK2 L238P mutationhas been functionally studied, demonstrating that DOK2 L238P is an haploinsufficient loss of function mutant, inducing increased cell proliferation, correlated to MP-CMML phenotype.I also studied early hematopoiesis in Dok1 / Dok2 double KO (Dok DKO) mice. This model allowed us to demonstrate that Dok-1 and Dok-2 proteins act as switch regulators of HSC between quiescence and cell cycle entry. Moreover, they negatively regulate cell cycle in myeloid committed progenitors.Thus, Dok-1 and Dok-2 proteins appear to play an important role in the regulation of HSC quiescence and proliferation, as well as hematopoietic progenitors. Their deregulation by haploinsufficient mutation may play a role in the pathogenesis of the CMML, attesting to their function as tumor supressors. Finally, it would be interesting to link their function in HSCs to CMML pathogenesis and to further define the mechanisms by which Dok-1 and Dok-2 proteins are involved in leukemogenesis
Cariou, Anne. "Spécificité de l'aide T CD4 lors de la réponse T CD8 mémoire." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066730.
Full textDromigny, Jacques-Albert. "Greffe de cellules souches du sang périphérique : étude de la mobilisation et de la reconstitution hématologique post-greffe à l'Institut Curie." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P065.
Full textVarna, Mariana. "Etudes des mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires précoces de la réponse à la chimiothérapie dans les cancers du sein." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077029.
Full textLocally advanced breast cancers have a poor prognosis and are treated by first line chemotherapy followed by surgery. Among 80 patients, histological complete responses after dose-intense epirubicin / cyclophosphamide treatment were observed only 7P53 mutated tumors. We hypothesised that these tumors could accumulate genetic abnormalities that would lead to mitotic catastrophe. Analyzing 29 human tumor samples we showed genetic alterations that appeared after treatment. However, these changes were not linked to TP53 status. These genomic changes could be due to treatment-induced clonal selection. We also analyzed on three breast cancer xenograft models the proliferation, senescence and apoptosis, before and after treatment. We showed the induction of senescence-like phenotype in one tumor without TP53 mutation. Normal p53 was a powerful inducer of cell cycle arrest in some tumor cells, and of apoptosis in other tumor cells. TP53 mutated tumors did not show a senescence like phenotype, but contained an increased number of abnormal mitoses, in line with our hypothesis where these tumors would accumulate mitotic catastrophes
Lopez, Sophie. "Etude de la synthese de l'inhibiteur des activateurs du plasminogene de type 1 (pai-1) : sa regulation au cours de la differenciation monocytaire et sa modulation pharmacologique par les statines (doctorat : nutrition)." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX20665.
Full textDelarue, Morgan. "Influence de contrainte mécaniques sur le développement du cancer." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01044604.
Full textOsmani, Naël. "Mécanismes de régulation de CDC42 au cours de la polarisation astrocytaire." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077031.
Full textCell polarization is an essential feature of migrating cells, with a protryding front edge and a retracting rear. Using an in vitro assay of wound-induced cell migration we are studying the mechanisms controlling Cdc42, a key protein in cell polarization. ) The tumors suppressor gene Scrib is involved the formation of apico-basal polarity in drosophila and mammalian epithelial cells. We show that Scrib is controlling migrating astrocytes polarity as Cdc42. Scrib interacts with βPIX, a Cdc42 and Rac GEF, to regulate Cdc42 localization at the front edge and activation. Scrib controls all the features of astrocyte polarization through βPIX-mediated Cdc42 regulation the front edge and activation. Scrib controls all the features of astrocyte polarization through βPIX-mediated Cdc42 regulation. Analysis of Cdc42 localization shows trafficking between the Golgi and the front edge. We have studied the function of membrane trafficking in cell polarity establishment. We show that Lgl a functional partner of Scrib is essential to maintain Cdc42 activity at the front edge down-strearn pf the Cdc42-Par6/PKCζ polarity signaling pathway. We also show that endocytosis is involved in cell polarization by controlling Cdc42 localization. Finally, we show that Arf6, a major regulator of endosomal trafficking, is controlling all aspects of astrocytes polarization by regulating the localization of Scrib, βPIX and
Beniazza, Meryam. "Mécanismes de l'auto-renouvellement non-tumoral des macrophages matures." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4035.
Full textIn metazoan, terminal differentiation is generally accompanied by permanent exit from the cell cycle. Yet, macrophages and very few other examples break with this dogma. Indeed, it has become evident that macrophages retain the ability to self-renew independently of stem or progenitor cells. In this regard, we have previously shown that MafB/c-Maf double deficient (Maf-DKO) macrophages are able to self-renew indefinitely in vitro without dedifferentiating or becoming tumorigenic. This self-renewal phenotype appears to be mediated by a transcriptional network of self-renewal genes also active in embryonic stem cells, among which Myc and Klf4. Interestingly, these two factors are activated and required for Maf-DKO self-renewal. By contrast, Myc alone induces an unlimited proliferation of macrophages but causes malignant transformation. We aimed to decipher the mechanisms by which Myc and Klf4 induce stem cell-like self-renewal in macrophages, in comparison to cellular transformation caused by the expression of Myc alone. Additionally, we focused on identifying candidate genes allowing an unlimited self-renewal of macrophages while protecting them from tumorigenic transformation or aberrant proliferation. Our objective is to contribute to the identification of the transcriptional program regulating non-tumorigenic self-renewal in macrophages
Kasprzyk, Laetitia. "Caractérisation du facteur de transmission ZBTB4 in vivo & in vitro." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077098.
Full textThe ZBTBs transcription factors play an important role in the organism. These factors are indeed involved in development, as well as in several processes that may lead to tumorigenesis. Three of these ZBTB factors, named Kaiso, ZBTB4 and ZBTB38, also belong to a protein family able to bind methylated DNA (MBP) and also implicated in essential cellular mechanisms. The goal of my graduate work was to initiate the characterization of one of these ZBTB-MBP protein, ZBTB4, by generating a mouse model. The preliminary results on the study of the mice phenotype, carrying an inhibitory mutation of the Zbtb4 gene, showed that the mice are viable, fertile, but display an overall lower weight, especially for three organs in particular : the brain, the heart and the kidneys. They also display a behavior trouble, with an increased tendency to anxiety. In parallel of this in vivo approach, an in vitro study of ZBTB4 showed results in favor to a tumor suppressor role. This work could thus give clues concerning the role of ZBTB4 in the organism
Clermont, Frédéric. "Etude des mécanismes de résistance à la mort cellulaire par apoptose induite par le TNF dans la cellule endothéliale d'aorte bovine (BAEC)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211164.
Full textNous avons abordé cette question en utilisant le modèle de la cellule endothéliale d’aorte bovine (BAEC) stimulée au TNF afin d’étudier les mécanismes qui contrôlent le processus apoptotique et ce au cours des phases précoces de celui-ci.
D’une part, nous avons identifié par une approche pharmacologique au moins trois voies de contrôle négatif d’induction de mort cellulaire par le TNF dans les cellules endothéliales :la première faisant intervenir une des protéines kinases C, une seconde la PI3-kinase et une troisième la protéine kinase p38. Cette dernière semble spécifiquement activée par le TNF et pourrait donc constituer une nouvelle cible pharmacologique visant à sensibiliser les cellules endothéliales de la vascularisation de la tumeur à l’action apoptotique du TNF.
D’autre part nous avons mis en évidence et identifié par une approche protéomique au moins deux protéines montrant une rapide diminution de phosphorylation lorsque les cellules endothéliales sont stimulées par le TNF en présence de cycloheximide. Ces deux événements semblent en aval de l’activation d’une protéase de la famille des caspases. La première protéine est la sous-unité régulatrice de type II alpha (RIIα) de la protéine kinase A. Cependant, la relation entre cette déphosphorylation et le processus d’apoptose n’a pas pu être mise en évidence, une stimulation de l’activité PKA n’affectant pas l’induction d’apoptose des BAEC. La seconde est la protéine HDGF, connue pour être sur-exprimée dans certains cancers, mais dont la régulation par phosphorylation ainsi que son implication éventuelle lors du processus apoptotique n’avaient encore jamais été envisagées.
Enfin, nous avons voulu mettre en évidence le rôle potentiel de la protéine hnRNP K qui subit une modification post-traductionnelle précoce lors de l’apoptose des BAEC. Notre étude, menée après surexpression de la protéine étiquetée, suggère une modification autre qu’une dégradation. Cependant, il ne nous a pas été permis de lui attribuer un rôle puisque la surexpression de cette protéine n’affecte pas l’apparition de différents marqueurs associés à l’apoptose.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation biologie moléculaire
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Begueret, Hugues. "Mise au point et application d'un test de détection de cellules exprimant des marqueurs neuroendocrines dans le sang de 36 patients atteints de carcinomes neuroendocrines pulmonaires." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23059.
Full textMariani, Odette. "Caractérisation de l' amplicon 1p32 observé dans les sarcomes indifférenciés des tissus mous : implication de l'oncogène C-JUN dans le blocage de la différenciation adipocytaire des liposarcomes." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066328.
Full textNguyen, Phu Hung. "Caractérisation et ciblage des cellules souches cancéreuses dans l’adénocarcinome gastrique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0052/document.
Full textCancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells at the origin of the heterogeneity and growth of tumors. CSCs are more resistant to treatment, and are responsible for relapse and metastasis. The identification of CSCs is a major challenge for the development of new targeted therapies to inhibit tumor growth and eradicate cancer. In this work, we aimed to identify, characterize, and target CSCs in gastric adenocarcinoma. Mouse models of primary tumor xenografts from intestinal and diffuse type non-cardia gastric adenocarcinomas from patients were developed, as well as an in vitro tumorsphere assay, to assess the tumorigenic capacity of subpopulations of tumor cells. We identified CD44 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) as CSC enrichment markers in the two types of gastric adenocarcinoma, ALDH representing a more specific marker than CD44. We then studied the effect of All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and showed that it inhibited the formation and growth of tumorspheres in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. This effect of ATRA is due to the inhibition of stem marker expression and the self-renewal capacity of CSCs. In conclusion, CD44 and ALDH are effective CSC markers in intestinal and diffuse type non-cardia gastric adenocarcinomas, and treatment with ATRA provides a common treatment strategy to specifically target CSCs and inhibit tumor growth in both subtypes of this gastric cancer
Dumortier, Jérôme. "Interactions épithélio-mésenchymateuses au cours du développement des tumeurs malignes digestives : étude expérimentale in vivo et in vitro." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T152.
Full textAlessandri, Kévin. "The cellular capsules technology and its applications to investigate model tumor progression and to engineer tissues in vitro." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05T062/document.
Full textAlthough recognized as an important step towards better understanding of tumor progression, tissue morphogenesis and high throughput screening of drugs, the use of three dimensional in vitro cellular assays is still limited, especially due to the difficulty in establishing simple and robust protocols for their formation. In this work, we first present a novel microfluidics-assisted method for multicellular spheroids formation. This Cellular Capsules technology is based on the encapsulation and growth of cells inside permeable, elastic, hollow micro-spheres. Second, we show that these microcapsules serve as unique mechanical sensors to measure the pressure exerted by the expanding spheroids. By multiphoton live imaging, we additionally observe that confinement induces a layered cellular organization, with a dense, solid, necrotic core surrounded by a rim of hyper-motile peripheral cells, which exhibit enhanced invasive properties. Third, we adapt the Cellular Capsules technology to form hollow tubes. This cylindrical geometry allows us to investigate the impact of partial confinement release (along the main tube axis) on the growth kinetics of pseudo-one dimensional cellular aggregates (named cylindroids). Our microscopy data and image analyses suggest a tip-growing mechanism and evidence radial stress generation. The combination of the spherical and cylindrical configurations leads to the overall picture that confinement triggers cell motility and invasion at the periphery of the cellular aggregate while cell proliferation is inhibited in the core as pressure builds up. Fourth, we use alginate as a template to design multilayered permeable shells and tubes. In particular, slight adaptation of the protocol allows us to anchor a thin layer of Matrigel (used as an artificial basement membrane) to the alginate inner wall. Using these Matrigel-decorated spherical capsules, we show that closed spherical monolayers of epithelial cells, or cysts, can be readily engineered with sizes that are imposed by the size of the capsules. Similarly, Matrigel-decorated tubular capsules are shown to be convenient for the formation of organoids grown from cells extracted from the cypts of mouse colon. Finally, our technology offers a new avenue to produce in vitro cell-based assays useful for developing new anti-cancer therapies or tissue engineering approaches and to investigate the interplay between mechanics and growth of in vitro cellular assemblies
Nguyen, Huu Sau. "Cellules foetales impliquées dans des pathologies inflammatoires et tumorales de la gestation." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066204.
Full textPoizot-Martin, Isabelle. "Signalisation induite par les molécules HLA de classe II dans les cellules B lymphoïdes normales et malignes folliculaires." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10170.
Full textZhu, Chaobin. "Rôle du facteur de croissance IGF-1 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1) sur la progression tumorale invasive et métastatique du mélanome : approches anti-tumorales basées sur l'inhibition du facteur IGF-1." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T012.
Full textMetastatic melanoma is the least common (5-7 %), but is responsible for most skin cancer deaths by its strong resistance to conventional anti-cancer treatments. Although immunogen, no effective treatment currently exists against this aggressive form, making urgent to find new therapeutic targets. In this context, we assessed whether the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) could represent a target of therapeutic interest in melanoma inhibiting the expression of IGF-1 by means of an episome-based vector encoding antisense IGF-1, in two cellular models: primary melanoma cells B16-F0 and metastatic B16-F10 (designated B16-F0mod and B16-F10mod when IGF-1 expression is inhibited).In experimental models in vivo, our results show that the reduction of IGF-1 expression induced a decrease of the melanoma cells tumorigenicity, generating smaller tumors under the skin (B16-F0 and B16-F10 in the C57BL/6 mice) and inhibiting totally (C57BL/6) or strongly (NSG mice) the developpment of B16-F10 lung metastases. We sought to understand whether this loss of tumorigenicity, following IGF-1 inhibition, was due to a change of immunogenicity/antigenicity of tumor cells and/or to intrinsic tumorigenic potential modification of metastatic tumor cells.1 / Immunization of mice C57BL/6 mice with B16-F0mod cells induces the formation of humoral lytic effectors in the presence of complement against the parental line, but also CD8+ effector cells capable of inducing tumor cells lysis in vitro and inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. Although the analysis of humoral and cellular pathways did not demonstrate IGF-1- dependent mechanisms involved in B16-F10 cells, immunization of C57BL/6 mice with B16 cells F0mod leads to skin tumor growth inhibition and a reduction in pulmonary metastases number, confirming the involvement of IGF-1 factor in tumor escape mechanisms of the immune system.2 / Our results also show that IGF-1 plays a direct role in the intrinsic tumorigenic potential of tumor cells. In addition to its effect on tumor cells proliferation, IGF-1 is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (increased N-cadherin, vimentin, CD44 and CD29 markers), promoting the maintenance of tumor populations with stemness properties (Sox2, Oct3/4, CD44, CD24, ALDH activity side-population and ability to form spheroids). By this mechanism, IGF-1 promotes both migration properties and drugs efflux such as mitoxantrone, via ABC transporters, which partly explains the strong resistance of melanoma to conventional therapies.This work shows that the inhibition of IGF1/IGF1-R pathway might be a good strategy for the development of anti-tumor treatments against melanoma. In addition to developing immunotherapy strategies, blocking the IGF-1 pathway would also sensitize melanoma cells to conventional therapy and decrease the metastatic potential of tumor cells
Cassanelli, Sylvie. "Analyse in situ de l'hétérogénéité d'expression des récepteurs de la progesterone dans les cellules tumorales mammaires." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10118.
Full textRégnier, Paul. "Effet des interactions homéostatiques entre cellules dendritiques, lymphocytes effecteurs et régulateurs sur les réponses immunitaires anti-tumorales : étude du rôle de différentes cellules dendritiques in vivo chez la souris, et étude algorithmique des relations complexes entre transcriptome tumoral, populations immunitaires et survie in silico chez les patients A paradoxical role for Flt3 ligand in tumor immune response reveals homeostatic control of NK and treg cells by dentritic cells Tumor infiltration by immune cells favors patient survival in some cancers bur is highly detrimental in immune-privileged sites." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=2244&f=15657.
Full textThe cancer, one of the main causes of death in the world, can appear in almost any type of tissue, and is characterized by an anarchic proliferation of cells and the establishment of a tolerogenic immune response favouring the tumour growth, leading to low efficiency of drug interventions. Dendritic cells (DCs), real sentinels of the body, seem to play a role in the establishment of both efficient anti-tumoral immune response and tolerance against cancer. Nevertheless, the role of the different DCs subtypes in the tumoral development stays poorly known. During this thesis, I studied different dendritic and lymphocytic cellular actors, their relationships and their involvement in the immune response or tolerance to tumours. During the first part of my thesis, I studied the effect of the artificial modulation of DCs homeostasis on other immune cells and also on anti-tumoral response in vivo in mice. I proved the existence of a paradoxical role of the Flt3-L (FL) cytokine - a growth factor essential to the differentiation and the homeostasis of classical/conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) - on the B16 melanoma growth. In fact, its overexpression or absence both lead to a better control of the tumoral development, accompanied by an increased survival of mice. FL deficiency induces, together with the loss of both cDCs and pDCs, a drastic reduction of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) protecting the tumour, and also a global reinforcement of the anti-tumoral adaptive immune response via helper T lymphocytes. Its overexpression induces an increase of the numbers of cDCs and pDCs, and despite a raised presence of Tregs, also a strong intra-tumoral recruitment of activated natural killer (NK) cells, one of the major actors of the anti-tumoral innate response. The study of cDCs-deficient mice allowed me to demonstrate the existence of a DCs-mediated control of the NK cells homeostasis. Furthermore, the combination of both FL treatment and antibody-mediated Tregs depletion has an exacerbated therapeutic effect in mice. Next, using bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomes of 35 different cancer types, I showed that the FL paradox also exists in humans, at least for some cancers, and that gene signatures specific of DCs subsets can be correlated in a paradoxical, beneficial or detrimental manner to survival. In parallel, I evaluated the presence of several immune cells in the tumour infiltrate and their effects on patients survival. Thanks to R language algorithms I developed, I was able to analyse for each studied cancer the immune cell populations-specific gene signatures and the most involved or dysregulated genes and biological functions (pathways) in the control of the 5 years survival of patients. My results indicate that the immune cells of the tumour infiltrate can play, according to the cancer, a beneficial or deleterious role. This immune infiltrate and the associated pathways were generally of bad prognosis in cancers of immune-privileged organs, but on the other hand were beneficial in skin and breast cancers. For each cancer type, I determined the individual impact on survival of several types of immune cells and established correlations between involved pathways and some of these cell populations. Altogether, the results allow to better understand the complex relationships between each cancer and the associated immune infiltrate, and will later lead to help the development of immunotherapeutic strategies more adapted to a given tumour environment, by targeting the immune populations that could really impact the survival of patients
CHOKRI, MOHAMED. "Controle de l'activation du macrophage murin in-vitro et in-vivo : effet antitumoral et action de differents immunostimulants." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13061.
Full textTHEDREZ, PHILIPPE. "Ciblage therapeutique des cancers ovariens par des anticorps monoclonaux radiomarques." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2004.
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