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Academic literature on the topic 'Tungsten carbide cobalt'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tungsten carbide cobalt"

Pee, J. H., G. H. Kim, H. Y. Lee, and Y. J. Kim. "Extraction Factor Of Tungsten Sources From Tungsten Scraps By Zinc Decomposition Process." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (2015): 1311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0120.

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Abstract Decomposition promoting factors and extraction process of tungsten carbide and tungstic acid powders in the zinc decomposition process of tungsten scraps which are composed mostly of tungsten carbide and cobalt were evaluated. Zinc volatility was suppressed by the enclosed graphite crucible and zinc volatilization pressure was produced in the reaction graphite crucible inside an electric furnace for ZDP (Zinc Decomposition Process). Decomposition reaction was done for 2hours at 650°, which 100% decomposed the tungsten scraps that were over 30 mm thick. Decomposed scraps were pulverized under 75μm and were composed of tungsten carbide and cobalt identified by the XRD (X-ray Diffraction). To produce the WC(Tungsten Carbide) powder directly from decomposed scraps, pulverized powders were reacted with hydrochloric acid to remove the cobalt binder. Also to produce the tungstic acid, pulverized powders were reacted with aqua regia to remove the cobalt binder and oxidize the tungsten carbide. Tungsten carbide and tungstic acid powders were identified by XRD and chemical composition analysis.

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Yui, Akinori, Takayuki Kitajima, and Kenichiro Yoshitomi. "Face Turning of Cobalt-Free Tungsten Carbide Using Nano-Polycrystalline Diamond Tool." Advanced Materials Research 1136 (January 2016): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1136.245.

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The use of hard and brittle materials for manufacturing optical parts, such as dies and molds are required in order to extend mold life. Although, cobalt-free tungsten carbide is one of the hardest materials, micro-cutting is very difficult due to its hardness and its brittleness. This paper investigates face turning of cobalt-free tungsten carbide using a nanopolycrystalline diamond [NPD] tool and Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP) fluid. Surface roughness of the cobalt-free tungsten carbide achieved was 22nmRz, which is far larger than the theoretical value. That is, traditional cutting theory does not directly apply for face turning of cobalt-free tungsten carbide using NPD tool and ZnDTP fluid.

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Gezerman, Ahmet Ozan, and Burcu Didem Çorbacıoğlu. "Effects of Mechanical Alloying on Sintering Behavior of Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Hard Metal System." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8175034.

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During the last few years, efforts have been made to improve the properties of tungsten carbides (WCs) by preparing composite materials. In this study, we prepared WC particles by mechanical alloying and investigated the effects of mechanical alloying conditions, such as mechanical alloying time and mechanically alloyed powder ratio, on the properties of 94WC-6Co. According to experimental studies, increasing the mechanical alloying time causes an increase in the density of tungsten carbide samples and a decrease of crystal sizes and inner strength of the prepared materials. With the increase of mechanical alloying time, fine particle concentrations of tungsten carbide samples have increased. It is observed that increasing the mechanical alloying time caused a decrease of the particle surface area of tungsten carbide samples. Besides, the amount of specific phases such as Co3W3C and Co6W6C increases with increasing mechanical alloying time. As another subject of this study, increasing the concentration of mechanically alloyed tungsten carbides caused an increase in the densities of final tungsten carbide materials. With the concentrations of mechanically alloyed materials, the occurrence of Co6W6C and Co3W3C phases and the increase of crystallization are observed.

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Rosso, Mario, Ildiko Peter, and Federico Gobber. "Focus on Carbide-Tipped Circular Saws when Cutting Stainless Steel and Special Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 1114 (July 2015): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1114.13.

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Circular saw blades are used exclusively for cut-off work, ranging from small manual feed operations, up to very large power fed saws commonly used for sectioning stock as it comes from a rolling mill or other manufacturing processes for long products. The teeth profile, as well as the tooth configuration are of fundamental importance for the blade performances; through a combination of blade rigidity and grinding wheel condition a good quality surface finish is attained for tools of commercial standard. The materials used for the production of circular saw blades are ranging from high speed steel to cemented carbides. In particular, cemented carbides, being characterized by high hardness and strength, are used in applications where materials with high wear resistance and toughness are required. The main constituents of cemented carbides are tungsten carbide and cobalt. Tungsten carbide imparts the alloys the necessary strength and wear resistance, whereas cobalt contributes to the toughness and ductility of the alloys. The WC-Co alloys are tailored for specific applications by the proper choice of tungsten carbide grain size and the cobalt content. The grain size of the tungsten carbide in WC-Co varies from about 40 µm to around 0.3 µm, the cobalt content from 3 to 30 wt%. The coarse grained hardmetals are mainly used in mining applications, the smallest grain size being about 3 µm and the minimum cobalt content 6 wt%. The grain size of tungsten carbide in the metal cutting industry, as well as for universal applications lies in the range of 1-2 µm. However, with the advent of near net shape manufacturing and thin walled components, the use of submicron carbide is growing, since their high compressive strength and abrasive wear resistance can be used to produce tools with a sharp cutting edge and a large positive rake angle.In this invited paper, a general overview on the actual trends in the choice of the best material when cutting special alloys will be presented and discussed. Based on the recent and past literature some examples of their up-to-date application, such as circular saws used to cut stainless steels and some high strength alloys, are talk over.

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Tsurimoto, Seji, Toshimichi Moriwaki, and Masafumi Nagata. "Machinability of CBN Tool in Turning of Tungsten Carbide." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.70.

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Tungsten Carbide have extremely high hardness and wear-resistivity compared with conventional steel materials, and it is expected that the Tungsten carbide can be applied widely to dies and molds in the near future. In order to develop an efficient machining method of Tungsten Carbide for the dies and molds, series of cutting experiments were carried out to turn the sintered Tungsten Carbide materials with CBN tool. The selected sintered Tungsten Carbide workpieces are those containing Tungsten Carbide grains with mean grain size of 5μm, and 15wt%, 20wt% and 22wt% of Cobalt binder. The sintered CBN tool selected contains super-fine grains of CBN with mean grain size of 1μm. The cutting speed was varied from 10m/min to 60m/min, and the tool wear and the surface roughness were measured. It is concluded that the tool wear is less when cutting the sintered Tungsten Carbide containing larger amount of Cobalt binder. The surface roughness of about 2μm in Rz is obtained.

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Kushkhov, Hasbi, Marina Adamokova, Vitalij Kvashin, Anzor Kardanov, and Svetlana Gramoteeva. "Electrochemical Synthesis of Binary Carbides of Tungsten and Iron (Nickel, Cobalt) in Halide-Oxide Melts at 823 K." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 62, no. 12 (2007): 749–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2007-1213.

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Iron, cobalt and nickel powders are used as binding components for the production of articles of tungsten carbide by the hot pressing method. This fact and the unique properties of binary carbides of tungsten-iron triad metals encouraged the search for new ways of their synthesis. In the present work, the attempt to synthezise binary tungsten-nickel (cobalt, iron) carbides in molten KCl-NaCl-CsCl at 823 K was made. As a result of voltammetry research, it was established that in eutectic KCl-NaCl-CsCl melts the deposition potentials ofWand Ni (Co, Fe) differ by 150 - 350 mV from each other, which makes their co-deposition difficult. It is possible to shift the deposition potentials of tungsten and metals of the iron triad metals towards each other by changing the acid-base properties of the melt. The products of electrolysis in these molten system were identified by X-ray analysis. They are mixtures of tungsten and nickel (cobalt, iron) carbides: Ni2W4C, W6C2.54; Co3W3C, Co6W6C, W2C, Co3C; FeW3C.

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Han, Chulwoong, Hyunwoong Na, Hanshin Choi, and Yonghwan Kim. "High Purity Tungsten Spherical Particle Preparation From WC-Co Spent Hard Scrap." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (2015): 1507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0162.

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Abstract Tungsten carbide-cobalt hard metal scrap was recycled to obtain high purity spherical tungsten powder by a combined hydrometallurgy and physical metallurgy pathway. Selective leaching of tungsten element from hard metal scrap occurs at solid / liquid interface and therefore enlargement of effective surface area is advantageous. Linear oxidation behavior of Tungsten carbide-cobalt and the oxidized scrap is friable to be pulverized by milling process. In this regard, isothermally oxidized Tungsten carbide-cobalt hard metal scrap was mechanically broken into particles and then tungsten trioxide particle was recovered by hydrometallurgical method. Recovered tungsten trioxide was reduced to tungsten particle in a hydrogen environment. After that, tungsten particle was melted and solidified to make a spherical one by RF (Ratio Frequency) thermal plasma process. Well spherical tungsten micro-particle was successfully obtained from spent scrap. In addition to the morphological change, thermal plasma process showed an advantage for the purification of feedstock particle.

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Antonini, J., K. Starks, L. Millecchia, J. Roberts, and K. Rao. "Changes in F-actin Organization Induced by Hard Metal Particle Exposure in Rat Pulmonary Epithelial Cells as Observed by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 492–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600015786.

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Hard metal is an alloy of tungsten carbide and cobalt along with other components such as chromium carbide, molybdenum carbide, tantalum carbide, and nickel. Chronic exposure to hard metal particles by inhalation causes alveolitis leading to interstitial fibrosis, the pathogenesis of which is still undefined. The initial inflammatory response includes a change in epithelial cell permeability barrier function (1) which has been shown to be regulated by the state of assembly and organization of the actin cytoskeletal network (2, 3). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect hard metal particles have on F-actin organization of rat lung epithelial cells in an in vitro culture system.Rat lung epithelial cells (L2: ATCC, CCL-149) were grown to confluence on glass coverslips and exposed to various concentrations of hard metal particles for 24 hours. The effect on F-actin organization was visualized by confocal microscopy following Bodipy-Phallacidin staining, while changes in cell morphology were assessed by phase contrast microscopy. Hard metal particles of cobalt, tungsten carbide, and tungsten carbide/cobalt (6 % cobalt) were tested at concentrations of 1, 3, and 5 μg/ml. There was a dose-dependent change in the F-actin organization in the cells. The actin microfilaments lost their uniform distribution and aggregated into homogeneous masses of F-actin staining. Significant change in F-actin state was observed even at a 1 μg/ml concentration of tungsten carbide/cobalt particles. This is consistent with previous observations that pathological effects of tungsten carbide/cobalt particles are more pronounced compared to either metal alone. Phase contrast microscopy revealed no significant change in the cell morphology at this short incubation time.

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Tarraste, Marek, Jakob Kübarsepp, Arvo Mere, Kristjan Juhani, Märt Kolnes, and Mart Viljus. "Ultrafine Cemented Carbides with Cobalt and Iron Binders Prepared via Reactive In Situ Sintering." Solid State Phenomena 320 (June 30, 2021): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.320.176.

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Reactive sintering of cemented carbides involves mechanical and thermal activation of precursor elemental powders, followed by in-situ synthesis of tungsten carbide. This approach promotes formation of ultrafine microstructure favored in many cemented carbide applications. Our study focuses on the effect of mechanical activation (high-energy milling) on the properties of powder and following thermal activation (sintering) on the microstructure characteristics and phase composition. Reactive sintering proved effective – an ultrafine grained microstructure of cemented carbides with Co and Fe binders was achieved. Formation of tungsten carbide grains was complete at low temperature during reactive spark plasma sintering, resulting in textured microstructure with anisotropic grain formation and growth.

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Noordin, Mohd Yusof, A. S. Noor Adila, S. Izman, and D. Kurniawan. "Acid Pretreatment of WC-Co Prior to CVD Diamond Coating." Advanced Materials Research 576 (October 2012): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.576.626.

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Pretreatment on tungsten carbide (WC-Co) surface is critical for obtaining perfectly adherent diamond coatings by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The carbide surface should have high roughness to facilitate diamond nucleation and adhesion. The presence of cobalt—common binder for tungsten carbide—on the surface to be coated should be made minimum since it has negative influence on the diamond deposition process. In this study, surface pretreatment on tungsten carbide using sulfuric acid was evaluated in terms of the resulted cobalt removal and the surface roughening. The variables included were acid concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The resulted surface roughness was 29% higher than initial, averaged at 1.07 µm. The acid pretreatment was also found effective in eliminating surface cobalt.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tungsten carbide cobalt"

Kelley, Andrew III. "Tungsten carbide-cobalt by Three Dimensional Printing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32316.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70). Three Dimensional Printing is an additive manufacturing process for rapid prototyping ceramic and metallic parts [Sachs, et al, 1990]. Green (not sintered) tungsten carbide-cobalt parts must have a density greater than 50% of the theoretical density, 14.9 g/cc, for proper sintering and post-processing. Two approaches were assessed for feasibility and robustness: printing slurry into tungsten carbide-cobalt spray dried powder and printing a solvent in spray dried tungsten carbide powder that readily dissolves. For slurry administered to a powder bed of solid, spherical particles, it has been found that the resulting packing primitive packing fraction increases almost linearly with the volume loading of the slurry over a range of powder size. The increase in density is approximately half what would be calculated by assuming that the slurry fills all the porosity in the powder bed. The maximum green density achieved by printing slurry into a spray dried tungsten carbide-cobalt bed was 41%, midway between the lower bound calculated by assuming the vehicle in the slurry infiltrates only the large pores between the spray dried power and the upper bound calculated by assuming that the vehicle of the slurry also infiltrates the find pores within a spray dried granule. A re-dispersible spray dried powder (38-53 micron size range) was fabricated using only the Duramax 3007 dispersant as the binder. This powder redisperses in water. Administering a drop of water to this powder resulted in primitives with 47% packing density, but which had significant quantities of 80 micron voids. (cont.) Several lines of evidence pointed to the hypothesis that the voids were the result of trapped air. Two methods were successfully employed to nearly eliminate such voids. In one approach, the droplet of water wvas administered to the powder bed under a vacuum of between 25 and 40 torr and air was admitted to the chamber to 1 atmosphere after different intervals of time ranging from 30 seconds to 10 minutes. In another approach, the ability of water to absorb CO₂ was used to "getter" any trapped gas into the liquid. Water was administered to a powder bed under a CO₂ environment at room temperature. After a 2 minute period, intended to allow the spray dried powder to substantially re-disperse, the temperture of the powder bed was lowered to 0-5 degrees Centigrade in order to increase the amount of CO₂ which could be absorbed in the water and "switch on" the gettering of the trapped gas.Controls were run with the same procedure in air. The primitives made under CO₂ were nearly void free and had densities as high as 52%, while the controls were not significantly different than primitives made at room temperature in air. by Andrew Kelley, III. S.M.

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Crause, Chantelle. "Synthesis and application of carbene complexes with heteroaromatic substituents /." Access to E-Thesis, 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05252005-145146/.

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Oliveira, Mark A. (Mark Anthony) 1977. "Slurry based Three Dimensional Printing (S-3DP tm) of tungsten carbide cobalt." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109638.

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Archer, M., RI McCrindle, and ER Rohwer. "Analysis of cobalt, tantalum, titanium, vanadium and chromium in tungsten carbide by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry." The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2003. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001953.

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Summary Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used to measure the concentrations of cobalt, tantalum, titanium, vanadium and chromium in solutions of tungsten carbide. The main advantage of the method described here lies in the speed, convenience and effectiveness of the dissolution procedure. Aliquots of powdered tungsten carbide were dissolved in a solution of 5% aqua regia in 30% hydrogen peroxide. Complete dissolution was usually achieved within 10 min. The accuracy of the method was assessed by the analysis of certified reference materials, secondary reference materials and matrix spiking. The method was successfully applied to commercial type samples with differing compositions. Slightly more emphasis was placed on the measurement of vanadium, since no information on the measurement of this element in solutions of tungsten carbide, by ICP-OES, has been published. Investigation of the interference effects of the elements in the sample matrix on each other was essential for accurate results comparable to other published analytical methods.

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Woolmore, Nicola J. "The failure of a tungsten carbide-cobalt cored projectile penetrating a hard target." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4657.

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Experimental results are presented from an investigation of the parameters of a ceramic-faced armour system that are required to induce damage in a tungsten carbide - cobalt (WC-Co) penetrator. A WC-Co material model has been successfully developed and implemented within the numerical hydrocode AUTODYN 2D. The understanding of penetration mechanisms was used to guide a parametric investigation, validating the WC-Co material failure model with experimental results. A series of experiments has been conducted firing the Russian 14.5 mm BS41 WC-Co cored projectile into various thicknesses and types of alumina (Al2O3) and silicon carbide (SiC), backed by aluminium alloy or mild steel semi-infinite witness blocks. Results demonstrated that SiC B out-performed standard monolithic armours and a selection of other armour ceramics including PS 5000 SiC and Sintox-CL. After comminution, the SiC B consisted of particles of closely interlocked grains. These appeared to provide considerable resistance to deviatoric stresses. Results suggest that it is not only increased hardness but also the nature of the fracture of the ceramic ahead of the penetrator that improves the armour’s ballistic performance at defeating WC-Co penetrators. If such superior ballistic response can be controlled and incorporated into practical armour systems, it will provide the basis for an advance in armour protective capability against WC-Co penetrators. In addition, a numerical material model derived from experimental data was developed to provide a preliminary tool to study the WC-Co failure. It was demonstrated that the numerical estimation of WC-Co behaviour using a shock Equation Of State (EOS), a piecewise linear strength model and a principle stress failure model provides a good method to estimate spall behaviour under dynamic loading in AUTODYN 2D. Successful numerical simulation of the material model used demonstrated the future potential of the technique.

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Woolmore, N. J. "The failure of a tungsten carbide-cobalt cored projectile penetrating a hard target." Thesis, Engineering Systems Department, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4657.

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Guo, David 1976. "Vector drop-on-demand production of tungsten carbide-cobalt tooling inserts by three dimensional printing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/27064.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-120). Three Dimensional Printing (3DP) is a solid freeform fabrication process used to generate solid parts directly from three-dimensional computer models. A part geometry is created by selectively depositing binder into sequentially spread layers of powder. In slurry-based 3DP, a suspension of powder in a solvent is used to form the powderbed layer. This slurry-based powderbed yields higher green density and part resolution than dry powder-based 3DP because of smaller particle size. Vector printing requires that the printhead trace and define the external geometries of a part before raster filling the interior, a new approach in comparison to conventional, raster-only printing. Drop-on-demand (DOD) printheads allow binder droplets to be ejected when needed rather than relying upon charge-and-deflect mechanisms used in continuous jet printheads. Integrating these concepts for vector, DOD printing has the potential to enhance the 3DP process by providing greater part resolution and surface finish. The 3DP slurry-based process and vector, drop-on-demand printing are examined as potential methods to produce Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt (WC-Co) tooling inserts. The research focuses on three fundamental process steps: (1) development of a stable slurry, (2) determination of jetting parameter values for optimal powderbed deposition, and (3) implementation of vector, DOD printing for the binder. Due to unforeseen circumstances, the first two objectives are only briefly introduced in Chapter 1 and summarized in Chapter 3. Further details may be found in the Diplomarbeit document of Olaf Dambon. Two approaches are explored to develop a stable, jettable slurry. One method involves using a water-based Tungsten Carbide slurry and a (cont.) Cobalt Acetate binder; the other method utilizes an alcohol-based Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt slurry and an organic binder. Various suspension properties, such as sedimentation density and viscosity, are measured to assess the degree of slurry stability. After adequate slurry formulations are developed, an investigation of powderbed formation is conducted. Due to the low solubility limit of the Cobalt salt in water and the persistent defects in water-based slurry powderbeds, the alcohol-based approach is pursued and, because of its greater efficacy, is used for optimizing powderbed jetting parameters. An effective combination of line spacing, flow rate, and drying time is determined for producing powderbeds with minimal surface roughness and high packing density. Experiments are subsequently conducted in vector DOD printing of various geometries using a piezo-actuated, drop-on-demand printhead and Bridgeport three-axis milling machine. A Hewlett-Packard inkjet cartridge is initially used for vector testing of the milling machine; a Siemens PT-88S printhead is used to assess and optimize binder droplet formation parameters, such as voltage waveform and fluid properties. Functional conditions for vector printing and DOD droplet generation are developed and deliver acceptable performance. Successfully printed geometries with high-definition lines (140-170 [mu]m line width) and smooth surface finish are produced using sanded, jetted alumina slurry powderbeds. Following necessary refinements in slurry redispersion and slurry-binder compatibility, the same vector process can be repeated with jetted WC-Co slurry powderbeds. by David Guo. S.M.

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Coulson, W. "Characterisation of coatings deposited by the high velocity oxygen fuel process." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260773.

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Ndlovu, Siphilisiwe. "The wear properties of tungsten carbide-cobalt hardmetals from the nanoscale up to the macroscopic scale." kostenfrei, 2009. http://d-nb.info/999595199/34.

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Hewitt, Stephen A. "Consolidation of WC-Co nanocomposites synthesised by mechanical alloying." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/106834.

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The influence of mechanical alloying (MA) milling time, temperature, sintering method and microstructure on the mechanical properties of a tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) hardmetal, based on 10wt% Co, has been established. The effects of high-energy milling for 30, 60, 180 and 300 min and the interrelation between milling time and powder properties, and the resultant effects on the mechanical properties of the consolidated WC-10Co material, has been obtained for a horizontally designed ball mill. Nanostructured WC-10Co powder was synthesised after 60 min cyclic milling at room temperature with an average WC domain size of 21 nm. In direct comparison, a WC-10Co composition MA at -30°C for 60 min produced an average WC domain size of 26 nm with a higher lattice strain. WC domain size showed a slight increase with milling time, measured at 27 nm after 300 min ball milling. Extended ball milling (300 min) reduced the mean particle size from 0.148 μm for 60 min milling to 0.117 μm. Thermal analysis showed that the onset temperature of the WC-Co eutectic was related to particle size with increased milling time reducing the onset temperature from 1344°C after 60 min milling to 1312°C after 300 min milling. Onset temperature was further reduced by the addition of vanadium carbide (VC), reducing the onset temperature to 1283°C after 300 min milling. Powder contamination increased with increased milling time with Fe content measured at ~ 3wt% after 300 min ball milling. Milling at -30°C reduced Fe contamination to an almost undetectable level. Increased ball milling time resulted in decreased levels of green density with the powders milled for 30 and 300 min achieving 62.5% and 59.5% TD, respectively. Relative density increased for the powder milled at -30°C compared to the RT milled powder due to its flattened, slightly rounded morphology. A large difference in VC starting particle size compared to WC and Co led to non-uniform dispersion of the inhibitor during milling. Densification and hardness reached optimum levels for the 60 min milled powder for both pressureless sintering and sinter-HIP. Both properties decreased with increased milling time, regardless of the sintering method. Low temperature milling resulted in a higher hardness value of 1390 HV30 compared to 1326 HV30 for the 60 min, RT milled material after pressureless sintering. Densification levels of the doped materials were restricted to < 90% TD for both sintering methods due to inhomogeneity in the microstructures. Palmqvist fracture toughness (WK) of the RT milled powders increased with increased milling time and increasing WC grain size for both sintering methods. WK reached 11.6 MN.m3/2 with 300 min milling after pressureless sintering but reached 16.1 MN.m32 for the same material after sinter-HIP due to the effect of mean WC grain size and binder phase mean free path. The -30°C milled powder exhibited higher fracture toughness for both sintering methods than the 60 min, RT milled material. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) showed that the onset of densification was dependent upon particle size with the powder from 300 min milling showing an onset temperature of ~ 800°C compared to ~ 1000°C for the 60 min milled powder. The low temperature milled powder showed an onset temperature of ~ 980°C, which suggested that low temperature milling provided enhanced densification kinetics.

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Books on the topic "Tungsten carbide cobalt"

Tungsten Carbide - Cobalt Cermets. Elsevier Science, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tungsten carbide cobalt"

Gou, Li, Ji Lei Zhu, Jun Guo Ran, and Suang Feng Yan. "Diamond Coated on Cobalt-Deficient Gradient Tungsten Carbide." In High-Performance Ceramics III. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-959-8.1889.

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Park, S. Y., Moon Chul Kim, Heung Sub Song, and Chan Gyung Park. "Functionally Graded Tungsten Carbide Cobalt Coatings Fabricated by Detonation Gun." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-960-1.1507.

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Shao, Gang Qin, Jing Kun Guo, Xing Long Duan, Peng Sun, Z. Xiong, and Xiao Liang Shi. "The Core / Rim Structure in Cobalt / Tungsten Carbide Nanocomposite Powder." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-30-2.227.

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Grigoryev, Evgeny G., and Alexander V. Rosliakov. "The Electro-Discharge Compaction of Powder Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt-Diamond Composite Material." In Ceramic Transactions Series. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470599730.ch20.

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Ashrafizadeh, S. N., M. S. Bafghi, R. Shahbazi, and M. R. Hossein. "Recovery of Cobalt and Tungsten from Scrap Carbide Pieces Through a Hydrometallurgic Route." In Electrometallurgy and Environmental Hydrometallurgy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118804407.ch40.

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Shao, Gang Qin, Z. Xiong, T. G. Wang, Xiao Liang Shi, and Xing Long Duan. "Consolidation and Properties of Tungsten Carbide Target with Low Cobalt Content by Hot-Press Sintering." In Composite Materials V. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-451-0.98.

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Ghosh, Subrata Kumar, Alok Kumar Das, and Partha Saha. "Selective Laser Sintering: A Case Study of Tungsten Carbide and Cobalt Powder Sintering by Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser." In Lasers Based Manufacturing. Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2352-8_22.

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Gritsenko, B. P., D. S. Rechenko, E. A. Rogachev, et al. "Enhancement of the Wear Resistance of Tungsten Cobalt Carbide Plates Using Ion Implantation and Al–Si–N Coatings." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1742-6_26.

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Elkaseer, Ahmed, Jon Lambarri, Iban Quintana, and Steffen Scholz. "Laser Ablation of Cobalt-Bound Tungsten Carbide and Aluminium Oxide Ceramic: Experimental Investigation with ANN Modelling and GA Optimisation." In Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2018. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04290-5_3.

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Miyano, Masaharu, and Yukio Herose. "X-Ray Residual Stress Measurement of Ground Tungsten Carbides with Various Cobalt Contents." In Advances in X-Ray Analysis. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5377-9_35.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tungsten carbide cobalt"

Dorfman, M., J. DeFalco, and J. Karthikeyan. "Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Coatings for Industrial Applications." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0471.

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Abstract This paper compares the coating characteristics of two HVOF processes: air-cooled converging-nozzle Diamond Jet (DJ) spraying and Hybrid 2600 air/water-cooled converging/diverging technology. WC-Co coatings were deposited on steel substrates using different combinations of spray parameters, gas flow ratios, and cooling gas types. The coatings were then examined and tested to determine the extent to which microstructure, hardness, surface roughness, wear resistance, and deposition efficiency can be controlled. In addition to investigating process relationships, the paper also addresses the issues of practicality and cost.

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Zhang, Xiuling, Xiaoming Jia, and Yuexing Song. "Study on hydration of tungsten carbide and cobalt in cemented carbide tool." In 2010 International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2010.5535470.

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Glaeser, Thorsten, Axel Demmer, and Fritz Klocke. "Liquid-Phase Sintering of Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt by Laser Radiation." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59534.

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Laser Sintering is a powder metallurgical process. The principle of Laser Sintering is based on a local densification of powdered materials as a result of the absorption of laser radiation. Through a cyclic repetition of material application, densification and the lowering of a build-up plate, a three dimensional geometry develops. Within the Laser Sintering (liquid-phase sintering) of tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) the low melting material, the metal binder phase cobalt, is temporarily transferred into the liquid phase. The high melting WCphase is not melted and remains fine dispersed in the metal binder phase after cooling of the material.

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Angelastro, Andrea, Sabina L. Campanelli, Antonio D. Ludovico, and Simone Ferrara. "Direct laser metal deposition of tungsten carbide–cobalt-chrome (WC/Co/Cr) powder." In ICALEO® 2011: 30th International Congress on Laser Materials Processing, Laser Microprocessing and Nanomanufacturing. Laser Institute of America, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5062219.

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Grigoryev, Evgeny G., Francisco Chinesta, Yvan Chastel, and Mohamed El Mansori. "Electric Discharge Sintering and Joining of Tungsten Carbide—Cobalt Composite with High-Speed Steel Substrate." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MATERIALS AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES (AMPT2010). AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3552540.

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Mahaidin, Ahmad Aswad, Talib Ria Jaafar, Mohd Asri Selamat, Salina Budin, Zaim Syazwan Sulaiman, and Mohamad Hasnan Abdul Hamid. "Effect of fabrication process on physical and mechanical properties of tungsten carbide - cobalt composite: A review." In ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND GROWTH: Proceedings of the 3rd Advanced Materials Conference 2016 (3rd AMC 2016). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5010495.

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Varacalle, D. J., E. Acosta, J. Figert, M. Syma, J. Worthington, and D. Carrillo. "Experimental/Analytical Investigations of Air Plasma Spray Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Coatings at Kelly Air Force Base." In ITSC 1996, edited by C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1996p0699.

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Abstract Air plasma sprayed tungsten carbide-cobalt coatings are being used at Kelly Air Force Base for a fretting application for convergent seals in aircraft engines. Experimental and analytical studies were conducted to investigate the plasma spraying of two powders for this application. Statistical processing schemes were accomplished in conjunction with analytical modeling of the air plasma spray (APS) process. Classical and statistically designed experiments (SDE) chosen to be conducted were determined by analytical modeling. The coatings were characterized for composition, hardness, porosity, surface roughness, deposition efficiency, and microstructure. Attributes of the coatings are correlated with the changes in operating parameters. Wear screening of the coatings from the experiments was conducted using an abrasion tester based on ASTM Standard Test B611-85.

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Srinivasan, Malur N., and Kannan Ramakrishnan. "Effect of Mechanical Alloying and Equal Channel Angular Extrusion Consolidation on the Structure and Properties of Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Alloy." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37768.

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Tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) materials are widely used today in the area of heavy duty machining (tool bits), in cold-forming dies and in the oil field industry (drill bits). Limited ductility is exhibited by conventionally produced WC-Co parts because of the presence of a high volume fraction of coarse WC particles in a soft cobalt matrix. Recent investigations have indicated that nanostructured WC-Co parts can attain up to twice the hardness values of conventional parts with coarse microstructure. With this background in view, the authors conducted an investigation to produce nanostructured WC-Co powder using mechanical alloying in an attritor and consolidate the powder through equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) rather than conventional powder metallurgy technique, into bulk billets. An experimental plan based on 23 factorial experimental design was used to determine the effect of mechanical alloying variables, namely, milling time, milling speed and ball-to-powder ratio on the microhardness of billets produced using ECAE. The significance of these variables was examined with respect to the average microhardness of annealed WC-Co samples. The combination of the variables that was most beneficial to the formation of desired microstructure (nanocrystalline) and good hardness was then established. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis were performed to determine the composition and grain size to give a better insight into the microstructure developed under different combination of the variables. It is hoped that the results of this investigation will help to develop the technology to produce superior quality WC-Co parts such as inserts, seats and dies required by the oil tool industry.

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Shakir, Noor Adila Aluwi, Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad, Ahmad Kadri Junoh, and Najah Ghazali. "Effect of single step pretreatment on cobalt contents and surface roughness of tungsten carbide substrate prior to diamond coating." In 2012 International Conference on Innovation Management and Technology Research (ICIMTR). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimtr.2012.6236434.

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Carroll, Avery, Rachel Carey, Michael Hurst, Michael Liu, and Mathew Kuttolamadom. "Characterization of High-Density WC-Co Bulk Structures Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8384.

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Abstract The objective of this research is to evaluate the feasibility of using a high energy laser-based additive manufacturing process to fabricate tungsten-carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) bulk structures that have properties comparable to those achieved by traditional fabrication methods. In particular, this work will investigate the properties and performance of these hard carbides densified by sintering alone, as compared to methods (such as hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and spark plasma sintering (SPS)) which impart simultaneous compaction and sintering. For this, a design of experiments was utilized to investigate the pertinent process parameter design space for the selective laser melting (SLM) process with a view to manufacture structurally-integral samples. Besides organizing qualitative observations, the effects of these process conditions were correlated with the resulting physical properties (viz., density, micro-scale composite hardness, and nano-scale hardness and Young’s modulus), as well as with microstructure and chemical compositions. Results showed certain samples with competitively-high densities, hardness and moduli, but with a large spread in properties, as is typical for such manufacturing processes; also, microstructural characteristics in line with desirable traits achievable via traditional methods was observed. Altogether, this work shows the promise of using SLM to fabricate bulk carbide structures.

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