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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tunnel kiln

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Academic literature on the topic 'Tunnel kiln'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tunnel kiln"

1

UNASPEKOV, B. A., R. BAZAROV, S. S. AUELBEKOV, T. I. IRGIBAEV, O. D. SEITKAZINOV, and N. K. KYZYLBAEV. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER PROCESSES IN LINING AND OPTIMIZATION OF HEAT WORK OF THE UNIT." Periódico Tchê Química 15, no. 30 (August 20, 2018): 609–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v15.n30.2018.613_periodico30_pgs_609_626.pdf.

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The features of heat and mass transfer inlining of high-temperature tunnel kiln for the burning of refractory materials are revealed by numerical simulation of heat transfer processes. Use of modern computer calculation programs permits to choose optimal constructions of trolley walls and heart lining. This ensures improved hermeticity of workspace and 15-20% reduction of heat loss. We studied the operation of a hightemperature of the unit with a combined system that ensured efficient burning of natural gas as well as regulation of temperature regime in the thermal aggregate workspace. A procedure was advanced to calculate consumption of fuel by gas burners and hot air over burning zone positions of high-temperature tunnel kilns when using a combined system of natural gas burning. The heat work of a tunnel kiln was optimized. This permitted to supply maximal quantity of hot air and natural gas into the initial positions of burning zone of tunnel kiln and to ensure technologically required temperatures of products burning (1780-1800ºС).

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Tóth, J., and G. Gy Halász. "Estimation of Tunnel Kiln Parameters." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 21, no. 9 (August 1988): 1113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)54878-8.

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Yin, Wen, and Kaifang Wang. "Analysis of energy saving in domestic ceramic industry kilns." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126701011.

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Ceramic industrial kiln refers to the combustion equipment for ceramic production, which generally refers to roller kiln, shuttle tunnel kiln and shuttle kiln. Roller kiln refers to the kiln with continuous firing and rotating roller as the vehicle of the billet body; Tunnel kiln refers to the kiln which adopts continuous firing and takes rail kiln car as the transport vehicle of billet body. Shuttle kiln refers to the kiln which is fired intermittently and consists of kiln car, kiln chamber and kiln door. Factors influencing energy saving of kiln include construction materials, kiln structure, combustion technology, thermal insulation performance and automation control.

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Torchinskij, A. I., A. Yu Ljashko, O. F. Shkarlinskij, Z. Chichua, and S. V. Volobuev. "ENERGY-SAVING EQUIPMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN TUNNEL KILN FOR CERAMIC BRICKS CALCINATION." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 3 (September 20, 2017): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.3.2017.07.

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The analysis of the technical decisions used in the Bulgarian projects of tunnel kilns for ceramic brick calcination is carried out. Disadvantages, caused by out-of-date heating engineering equipment, are shown on an example of enterprise of «Metekhis ceramics», Georgia. Necessary measures of modernisation of tunnel kilns for ceramic brick calcination built by the Bulgarian projects are stated. The basis of modernisation – the substituting of out-of-date gas-burning devices by modern gas-burners; expansion of calcination zone due to installing of gas-burning devices on positions of preheating zone; implementation of modern automatic control systems for thermal and aerodynamic process adjustment. The principal scheme of the tunnel kiln for ceramic brick calcination including modern heating engineering equipment and automation of adjusting of thermal and aerodynamic mode is worked out. Explanations of advantages of modern equipment and modern automation system applying for quality improvement of manufactured products, increasing of a productivity of a tunnel kiln and reducing of specific consumption of natural gas are presented. Bibl. 5, Fig. 3.

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Wiyatno, Tri Ngudi, Putri Rizki Amalia, and Devi Haryanti. "ANALISIS EFISIENSI PANAS TUNNEL KILN PADA PT XYZ DENGAN NERACA MASSA DAN ENERGI." JURNAL KONVERSI 6, no. 2 (October 25, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/konversi.6.2.10.

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ABSTRAKSalah satu proses yang tidak dapat dilewatkan untuk membuat genteng keramik adalah proses pembakaran. Proses pembakaran genteng keramik di PT XYZ menggunakan tunnel kiln dengan bahan bakar LNG. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi panas atau energi pada tunnel kiln dengan terlebih dahulu menghitung neraca massa masuk dan keluar serta menghitung neraca energi masuk dan keluar. Panas masuk meliputi panas hasil pembakaran bahan bakar LNG, panas sensibel bahan bakar LNG, panas kereta masuk, panas sensibel greentile. Sedangkan untuk panas keluar meliputi panas yang terbawa oleh panas sensibel genteng keramik, panas sensibel kereta kiln, panas penguapan air dan air kristal, panas hilang akibat udara pendingin, panas hasil reaksi pembakaran, panas akibat perpindahan panas, panas keluar untuk dryer dan panas keluar chimney tunnel kiln. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data-data pendukung diantaranya adalah volume gas LNG yang digunakan, komposisi material genteng, komposisi bagian dari tunnel kiln seperti kereta kiln, dan kapasitas panas untuk masing-masing komponen tersebut.Berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukandidapatkan nilai yang seimbang antara panas masuk dan panas keluar yaitu 14.174.025 kkal/hari. Efisiensi bahan bakar LNG dihitung dengan perbandingan antara panas yang dihasilkan dari bahan bakar dengan kebutuhan panas yang digunakan untuk satu hari proses pembakaran genteng keramik. Berdasarkan perhitungan didapat efisiensi panas tunnel kiln sebesar 98,92%.Kata Kunci : Efisiensi, Genteng Keramik, Neraca Massa, Neraca Panas, Pembakaran. ABSTRACTOne of the process that can’t be missed to make a ceramic tile is burning. PT XYZusing tunnel kiln with LNG fuel for burning process. The purpose of this research is to know how much heat efficiency of tunnel kiln with firstly calculated mass balance and heat balance at burning ceramics tile. Data for incoming heat are obtain from calculated of heat burning fuel, sensible heat of LNG, incoming heat from kiln car and sensible heat green tile. Data for outgoing heat are obtain from calculated of sensible heat ceramic tile, sensible heat kiln car, evaporation heat of water and water crystal, heat loss because cooling air, heat of burning, heat for dryer, heat for chimney fan, and heat loss because heat transfer. The method that we used for this research are Consumption of Volume LNG, composition material tile, composition part of tunnel kiln like kiln car and heat capacity for each component. Based on the data we can obtained heat balance in and out kiln amount14.174.025 kkal/day. And the LNG fuel efficiencyis calculated by comparison between the heat generated from the fuel and the heat requirement used for one dayceramic tile burning process. After the calculation we can obtained the efficiencyis 98,92%.Keywords: Efficiency, Ceramic Tile, Mass Balance, Heat Balance, Burning.

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YU, BOMING. "Dynamic Modeling of a Tunnel Kiln." Heat Transfer Engineering 15, no. 2 (January 1994): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457639408939823.

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Zhang, Yu, Junfeng Wang, Tino Redemann, and Eckehard Specht. "Thermal behavior of kiln cars while traveling through a tunnel kiln." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 7, no. 5 (May 19, 2015): 168781401558846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814015588468.

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Yu, Jun Liang, Tino Redemann, and Eckehard Specht. "Modeling for Prediction of Porcelain Products Temperature Profiles in a Tunnel Kiln." Advanced Materials Research 968 (June 2014): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.968.151.

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A simplified model is developed to predict axial gas and product temperatures along tunnel kiln with neglecting cooling zone. The plate tunnel kiln is simplified as a counter current heat exchanger. The model is solved by Finite Difference Method. Mass and energy balance equations of gas and solid in elements are derived, which consider convective and radiative heat transfer from gas to solid. Equations of elements are solved continuously from kiln ending to beginning, in which two boundary conditions are adiabatic combustion temperature and product sintering temperature in the last element. The results of a standard case and a fitting case are discussed and compared with data from an existed kiln. The standard case proves Lorenz’s Nusselt function is more accurate than infinite flat plate Nusselt function for convection description in plate tunnel kiln. The fitting case proves this simplified model is available.

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Meng, Fan Mao, Jian Feng Wan, and Hai Xia Li. "Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of Waste Heat Utilization Device for Coal Gangue Brick Tunnel Kiln." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 1517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.1517.

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This paper studies the waste heat utilization device for the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln. The heat transfer mode of the waste heat utilization device is different form the past. It recovers the physical sensible heat of the high-temperature brick. This paper builds a theoretical model to analyze the situations of the cooling section of the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln, and analyzes the temperature field numerically. The results show that the distance form the waste heat utilization device to the sintering section of the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln must be more than 2m.

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Halász, G., J. Tóth, and K. M. Hangos. "Energy-optimal operation conditions of a tunnel kiln." Computers & Chemical Engineering 12, no. 2-3 (February 1988): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-1354(88)85024-5.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tunnel kiln"

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Hurst, Alfred Ian. "TLM modelling of the thermal experience of vitreous china ware during firing in a tunnel kiln." Thesis, University of Hull, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314119.

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Cacek, Jan. "Automatické řízení procesu dochlazování v cihlářské peci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229919.

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The thesis deals with the design of the multivariable automatic control system of aftercooling process in the brick industry tunnel kiln. Theoretical part submits the facilities of controlled systems identification and the design methods of uni and multi variable systems. In the practical section is cleared up the principal of the aftercooling process and its identification based on the measured data. The output of the thesis is the design and the analysis of multivariable system with the conservation of the control circuit autonomy.

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Oakley, David Edward. "Simulation of tunnel kilns for firing refractory products." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38120.

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Meng, Ping [Verfasser]. "Solid-solid recuperation to improve the energy efficiency of tunnel kilns / Ping Meng." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek Magdeburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/101134260X/34.

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Refaey, Hassanein Abdel Mohsen Hassanein [Verfasser], and Eckehard [Akademischer Betreuer] Specht. "Mathematical model to analyze the heat transfer in tunnel kilns for burning of ceramics / Hassanein Abdel Mohsen Hassanein Refaey. Betreuer: Eckehard Specht." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/105441971X/34.

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Refaey, Hassanein Abdel Mohsen Hassanein Verfasser], and Eckehard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Specht. "Mathematical model to analyze the heat transfer in tunnel kilns for burning of ceramics / Hassanein Abdel Mohsen Hassanein Refaey. Betreuer: Eckehard Specht." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:ma9:1-3547.

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Al-Hasnawi, Adnan Ghareeb Tuaamah [Verfasser], and Eckehard [Akademischer Betreuer] Specht. "Mixing behaviour of side injection of air jets and gaseous fuel jets into the axial flow of tunnel kilns / Adnan Ghareeb Tuaamah Al-Hasnawi ; Betreuer: Eckehard Specht." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1117085953/34.

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Al-Hasnawi, Adnan Ghareeb Tuaamah Verfasser], and Eckehard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Specht. "Mixing behaviour of side injection of air jets and gaseous fuel jets into the axial flow of tunnel kilns / Adnan Ghareeb Tuaamah Al-Hasnawi ; Betreuer: Eckehard Specht." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:ma9:1-8342.

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Dvorin-Spross, Miriam. "Tune, tot and kin : constructing music praxis in a humanities course for undergraduate nonmusic majors /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11405.

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Shen, Ray-Long, and 沈瑞蓉. "Applying SPC-EPC Systems of Multi-Quality Characteristics to Temperature Control of Tunnel Kilns - An example of Dielectric Powder Process of Ceramic Capacitors." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79765768285959308409.

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碩士
朝陽科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士班
91
Ceramic dielectric powder is a very important raw material in high technology industry. This kind of ceramic dielectric powder almost has been used in the high technology products, for examples of multiplayer ceramic capacitors, chip resistors, dielectric resonator/filter, patch antenna, substrates for MIC and single layered capacitor for HF etc. In this research, we aim at temperature control problems of tunnel kilns in the ceramic dielectric powder process of ceramic capacitors. The operations of furnace temperature control in calcinations of the tunnel kiln are explored. There are many uncontrollable disturbance factors and process operation problems in the powder process may affect the calcinations operation in the tunnel kiln. To achieve the request for the specification in the ceramic dielectric powder, it is very important to control the furnace temperature in the calcinations operation. In order to solve the temperature control problem in the calcinations operation, including four main stages in this research. At the first stage, we aim at potential factors that may affect the tunnel kiln temperature control to discuss. Planning a design of experiment, then find the significant factors of influence the tunnel kiln temperature control. At the second stage, comparing the models of SPC and finding the best model to control the furnace temperatire in the tunnel kiln. At the third stage, we are proposeded two models to predict the tunnel kiln furnace. A process control system for monitoring and feedback the temperature is developed in the calcinations operation by combining statistical process control and Engineering process control. SPC supplies the monitor process function. EPC be able to process outputs class to target values with continuous adjustment. Finally, constructing the process control model to implement the calcinations operation of the powder process, and using the evaluation index to evaluate the performance. This research proposes a method of combining BPN and EWMA techniques to construct the disturbance model. This disturbance model can be presented by an adjustment equation, thereby EPC and SPC can be combined to find assignable causes. According to EPC feedback adjustment, it can not only accurately feedback the variation of the next time but also effectively predict the model behaviors and reduce variabilities. The need for compact, light, thin, and high capacity electronic equipment and consumer electronic products has greatly increased the importance of the furnace temperature control problems of the ceramic dielectric powder process in tunnel kiln for the capacitor manufacturers. This research contributes a solution to a common problem of the temperature control and offers a computer-aided temperature control and process adjustment system to meet the process and quality control request. In addition, the results of this research can be beneficial to enterprises that have similar process and precise quality control request, such as steel, cement, food, and cell-phone industries.

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Books on the topic "Tunnel kiln"

1

Mitchell, Greg. The Tunnels: Escapes Under the Berlin Wall and the Historic Films the JFK White House Tried to Kill. Crown Pub, 2016.

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Klayman, Rachel, ed. The Tunnels: Escapes Under the Berlin Wall and the Historic Films the JFK White House Tried to Kill. New York City, New York, USA: Crown, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tunnel kiln"

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Bushman, James D. "Lightweight Kiln Cars for Sanitary Ware Tunnel Kilns." In A Collection of Papers Presented at the 1982 Fall Meeting of the Materials & Equipment/Whitewares/Structural Clay: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 4, Issue 11/12, 1053–55. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470320181.ch25.

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Zhen-Qun, Liu. "Calculating the Heat-Consumption Equation of a Tunnel Kiln." In A Collection of Papers Presented at the 1982 Fall Meeting of the Materials & Equipment/Whitewares/Structural Clay: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 4, Issue 11/12, 1023–25. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470320181.ch19.

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Nakao, Makoto, and Fumio Tanaka. "Fluoride Emission from Tunnel Kilns of Tile Works." In Fluoride Research 1985 - Selected Papers from the 14th Conference of the International Society for Fluoride Research, 143–54. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-1116(08)71837-5.

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"trichinae in pork (3); the x-ray machines available at that time were not powerful enough to treat pork in commercially interesting quantities. The food laws of many countries apply also to tobacco products and it is perhaps not too farfetched to mention irradiation of a tobacco product in this contest. Cigars can be attacked and badly damaged by the tobacco beetle, Lasioderma serricorne. This used to be a serious problem for the cigar industry. Many shipments of cigars had to be discarded because the product was criss crossed by the feeding tunnels of the insect. G. A. Runner of USDA’s Bureau of Entomology had demonstrated in 1916 that eggs, larvae, and the adults of the t obacco beetle could be killed in cigars by x-rays (4). At the request of the American Tobacco Company, an x-ray machine with a conveyor system for the irradiation of boxes of cigars was built by American Machine and Foundry Company in New York City and put into operation in 1929. A water-cooled x-ray tube with a maximal power of 30 mA at 200 kV was the radiation source.* Although the treatment effectively prevented damage to the cigars, the machine turned out to be unsuitable for continuous use. Details can no longer be re constructed, but it appears that the x-ray tubes then available were built for intermittent use in medical diagnosis and therapy, not for continuous use on a production line. At any rate, chemical fumigation later replaced this first indus trial application of radiation processing. A French patent was granted in 1930 to O. Wiist for an invention described by the words (in translation): “ Foods of all kinds which are packed in sealed metallic containers are submitted to the action of hard (high-voltage) x-rays to kill all bacteria” (5). However, the patent never led to a practical application. New interest was stimulated in 1947 by a publication ( ) of two expatriate German scientists, Amo Brasch and Wolfgang Huber, coinventors of a pulsed electron accelerator, the Capacitron, and founders of Electronized Chemicals Corporation in Brooklyn, New York. They reported that meats and some other foodstuffs could be sterilized by high-energy electron pulses; that some food stuffs, particularly milk and other dairy products, were susceptible to radiation and developed off-flavors; and that these undesirable radiation effects could be avoided by irradiation in the absence of oxygen and at low temperatures. With regard to cost efficiency they concluded that irradiation “ will not materially increase the final price of the treated product.” At about the same time, J. G. Trump and R. J. van de Graaff of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who had developed another type of electron accelerator, also studied effects of irradia tion on foods and other biological materials (7). They collaborated in these studies with MIT’s Department of Food Technology. The foundations of food irradiation research had been laid when B. E. Proctor and S. A. Goldblith reviewed these." In Safety of Irradiated Foods, 20. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273168-14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tunnel kiln"

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Wang, Yan, Bin Liu, and Changce Si. "Design and application of Tunnel kiln temperature control system." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icma.2015.7237481.

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Naccache, M. F., M. S. P. Gomes, and A. O. Nieckele. "ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF A TUNNEL KILN USING NATURAL GAS." In Annals of the Assembly for International Heat Transfer Conference 13. Begell House Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc13.p13.80.

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Zhanxu, Tie, Li Haixia, Meng Fanmao, and Wang Fahui. "Numerical Simulation of Waste Heat Utilization in Coal Gangue Brick Tunnel Kiln." In 2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceet.2009.60.

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Li Haixia, Zhao Lijun, and Tie Zhanxu. "Numerical investigation of gangue waste heat recovery and utilization in tunnel kiln." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5987444.

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Zhanxu, Tie, and Li Wei. "Numerical simulation of waste heat utilization in tunnel kiln of coal gangue brick." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Automation Engineering (CSAE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csae.2012.6273003.

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Liang Xiuman and Chen Xiangshan. "Neural networks predictive control for tunnel kiln temperature based on modified particle swarm optimization." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, and Automation (ICCIA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icciautom.2011.6183937.

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Babary, J. "Modeling and adaptive open loop control of tunnel kilns." In 1985 24th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. IEEE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.1985.268686.

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Karacali, Ozgur, Khaled Hassan Elhassi, Bertrand Theuveny, Abdunnaser Ali Y. Elmashergai, Anis Lotfi El Gihani, and Abdelaziz Zorgane. "Unique Underbalanced Perforating Technique Reveals Unexpected Remaining Oil in Shut-In Wells in Libya." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206342-ms.

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Abstract The fundamental objective of well perforating is to launch an optimum wellbore to reservoir communication. Unfortunately, not all perforating jobs deliver ideal communication quality. In this paper the rudiments of apposite perforating operations, from data integration and job design to safe implementation, are summarized to produce practical guidelines for high productivity perforating jobs. Reviving oil production in mature fields is a major challenge around the globe. In Libya, there are several mature oil and gas fields that requires production enhancement. In some of these fields the challenge was to come up with a methodology that improves the oil production with minimal well intervention while testing the wells in a much quicker way than the conventional wireline conveyed perforating, well kill, swab, and test techniques. Producing zones in Libyan oil fields have lost productivity over the years due to various activities associated with workover operations. Damage was mainly caused by existence of high salinity formation water and unfiltered brine usage to kill or control the wells. Research has proven that wellbore dynamics have a substantial impact on the success of perforating activities during this very high-paced and short-lived event. We have used a technique that combines the static and the dynamic underbalanced perforating techniques to ultimately improve the hydrocarbon production in such mature fields. Advanced downhole gun and charge system designs and downhole tools are combined to enhance oil production. Debris, scale, and crushed rock removal from the perforation tunnels by applying static underbalanced perforating techniques works very successfully in many cases. Numerous field examples and research have also shown that dynamic underbalance can greatly enhance the tunnel clean up and well productivity. In this paper we are showing that combining static and dynamic underbalanced perforating ensures the optimum perforation tunnel structure. We have applied this technique on numerous wells for the purposes of perforating and re-perforating. Several wells were reperforated to improve the well to reservoir communication quality of existing plugged and damaged perforating zones. In most of the cases new perforating intervals were also added based on production logging and reservoir saturation log results. We have gained extraordinary oil production for several wells. This methodology with improved design increased oil production more than 400% in some wells. Results of this study are presented in an easy to follow way to ensure learnings are passed on to the industry for achieving improved results elsewhere. The techniques outlined in this paper will permit enhanced perforation designs via utilizing available software packages in challenging environments where conventional approaches can be inadequate. The methodology described in this paper is unique in terms of combining the existing techniques in an accessible way.

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Suri, Ajay, and Mukul Mani Sharma. "Cleanup of Water-Based Kill-Pills in Laboratory-Simulated Perforation Tunnels During Flowback." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/102177-ms.

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Boies, Adam, Pingyan Lei, Jeff Roberts, and Steven Girshick. "Gas-Phase Production of Multifunctional Composite Nanoparticles by Photoinduced Chemical Vapor Deposition." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13181.

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Nano-scale materials and devices allow for unique interactions that are not possible at larger scales. Magnetic particles below a critical size (∼10 nm) demonstrate distinctive behavior known as superparamagnetism, where particles do not exhibit any net magnetic force outside the presence of an external magnetic field. However, within an alternating magnetic field, as in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine, superparamagnetic particles give off heat as a result of Brownian and Nee´lian relaxation. Heat produced by the shifting pole orientation can raise the temperature of the tissue sufficient to cause cell death through necrosis or apoptosis [1]. Additionally, combinations of electrically conductive and insulating materials within a single nanoparticle give rise to surface plasmon resonance. The resonance of the plasmon absorption can be tuned based on the relative thicknesses of the two layers. These particles can be used to thermally ablate cancer cells if the resonance is tuned to absorb light from an infrared laser. The penetrating ability of the nanoparticles combined with their capacity to kill cells make them excellent candidates for treatment of conditions such as brain tumors and prostate cancer.

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