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Journal articles on the topic 'Turbocharged engine'
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1
Korakianitis, Theodosios, and T. Sadoi. "Turbocharger-Design Effects on Gasoline-Engine Performance." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 3 (June 24, 2005): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1808428.
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Specification of a turbocharger for a given engine involves matching the turbocharger performance characteristics with those of the piston engine. Theoretical considerations of matching turbocharger pressure ratio and mass flow with engine mass flow and power permits designers to approach a series of potential turbochargers suitable for the engine. Ultimately, the final choice among several candidate turbochargers is made by tests. In this paper two types of steady-flow experiments are used to match three different turbochargers to an automotive turbocharged-intercooled gasoline engine. The first set of tests measures the steady-flow performance of the compressors and turbines of the three turbochargers. The second set of tests measures the steady-flow design-point and off-design-point engine performance with each turbocharger. The test results show the design-point and off-design-point performance of the overall thermodynamic cycle, and this is used to identify which turbocharger is suitable for different types of engine duties.
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Benajes, J., J. M. Luján, V. Bermúdez, and J. R. Serrano. "Modelling of turbocharged diesel engines in transient operation. Part 1: Insight into the relevant physical phenomena." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 216, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407021529237.
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A new calculation model, able to predict the engine performance during an engine transient, has been developed, based on an existing wave action code. Previously to the model development, the turbocharged diesel engine's transient phenomena (turbocharger lag, thermal transient and energy transport delay) were deeply analysed on the basis of experimental information. The study has been focused on the load transient, i.e. torque increase from idle, at constant engine speed of a high speed direct injection (DI) turbocharged engine. Experimental load transient tests have been performed, with the aim of obtaining a combustion database during engine transient operation, to input into a combustion simulation submodel. The applied methodology allows the characterization of the transient combustion process in any DI turbocharged engine.
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Katrašnik, Tomaž, Ferdinand Trenc, Vladimir Medica, and Stojan Markič. "An Analysis of Turbocharged Diesel Engine Dynamic Response Improvement by Electric Assisting Systems." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 4 (July 23, 2004): 918–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1924533.
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It is well known that turbocharged diesel engines suffer from an inadequate response to sudden load increase, this being a consequence of the nature of the energy exchange between the engine and the turbocharger. The dynamic response of turbocharged diesel engines could be improved by electric assisting systems, either by direct energy supply with an integrated starter-generator-booster (ISG) mounted on the engine flywheel, or indirect energy supply with an electrically assisted turbocharger. A previously verified zero dimensional computer simulation method was used for the analysis of both types of electrical assistance. The credibility of the data presented is further assured by the experimentally determined characteristics of the electric motors used as input parameters of the simulation. The paper offers an analysis of the interaction between a turbocharged diesel engine operating under various load conditions and electric assisting systems, as well as the requirements for supporting electric motors suitable for the improvement of an engine’s dynamic response. It is evident that an electrically assisted turbocharger outperforms an integrated starter-generator-booster for vehicle application, however ISG is the preferred solution when instant power increase is demanded.
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Fang, Yan Kai, and Limin Chen. "Performance Analysis on Electrical Aided Turbocharged System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 1946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1946.
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A turbocharger is fitted to a diesel in order to enhance the inlet charge pressure, hence increasing the fresh air in the cylinder, then more fuel can be injected into the cylinder and sequentially more engine power can put out. The electrical aided turbocharged system is a mechanism adding a high speed electronic motor into a turbocharger shaft. The electronic motor can work as a motor to drive the turbocharger shaft and as a generator to generate electricity energy to storage energy. According to certain constraint conditions, the controlling strategy of the hybrid turbocharged system is presented. The simulation results about key work points reveal that controlling the turbocharged engine following the strategy can enhance the engine performance.
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Justin Dhiraviam, F., V. Naveen Prabhu, T. Suresh, and C. Selva Senthil Prabhu. "Improved Efficiency in Engine Cooling System by Repositioning of Turbo Inter Cooler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.792.
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Turbochargers are an integral part of today’s modern diesel engines and are a major reason that they are able to produce more power. Unlike a super charger that is driven via a belt from the engine, a turbo takes the exhaust that the engine is producing and puts it to good use. As Turbochargers are driven by exhaust, heat is an unwelcome by product and something that wasn’t really taken into account in automobiles. Then those intercoolers started to come into play in turbocharged automobiles. The forced air produced by the turbocharger is routed through the intercooler where its temperature is reduced before reaching the engine. The use of intercoolers has made turbocharged vehicles far more reliable and, in the case of today’s heavy duty diesel trucks, is a very important component. The inlet air of an IC engine from turbocharger temperature is very much high (due to compression) means oxygen content is very much less. And also air with high temperature causes pre-ignition and detonation. So fuel combustion does not take place properly. Inter Cooling of inlet air is very much essential according to performance point of view. Turbo intercoolers are used for cooling the inlet air of an IC engine from turbo chargers. Moreover cooling of air makes it denser and contributes for better combustion and more power they are mounted close to the radiators for achieving lower air temperature. This arrangement affects the performance of both. So in this project an attempt will be made to increase the efficiency of the turbo intercooler arrangement through design modification and repositioning of intercooler by taking the TATA MARCOPOLO-Star Bus 909 as a reference.
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Tauzia, X., J. F. Hetet, P. Chesse, G. Crosshans, and L. Mouillard. "Computer aided study of the transient performances of a highly rated sequentially turbocharged marine diesel engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 212, no. 3 (May 1, 1998): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0957650981536853.
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The sequential turbocharging technique described in this paper leads to an improvement in the operations of highly rated diesel engines, in particular at part loads (better air admission). However, transient phases such as a switch from one turbocharger to two turbochargers can be difficult, mainly because of the inertia of the turbochargers. In order to simulate the dynamics of turbocharged diesel engines, the SELENDIA software has been extended. When applied to two different engines (12 and 16 cylinders), the program shows good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, the compressor surge has been investigated during faulty switch processes. The software has then been used for predictive studies to evaluate the possibility of adapting sequential turbocharging to a 20-cylinder engine and to calibrate the optimum switching conditions (air and gas valve opening timing).
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Khodaparast, Mohammad Reza, Mohsen Agha Seyed Mirza Bozorg, and Saeid Kheradmand. "Keeping twin turbocharged engine power at flight altitudes." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 90, no. 6 (September 3, 2018): 906–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-11-2016-0200.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is the selection and arrangement of turbochargers set for internal combustion engine which could keep engine power in an altitude of up to 12.2 km above sea level. Design/methodology/approach In the current research, the target engine, a one-dimensional four-stroke 1,600 cc piston engine has been simulated and the manufacturer’ results have been validated. Depending on engine size, three proper types of Garret turbochargers GT30, GT25 and GT20 were selected for this engine. Then, the engine and a combination of two turbochargers have been modeled one-dimensionally. A control system was used for regulation of different pressure ratios between the two turbochargers. Findings The parametric analysis shows that using the combination of GT20, GT30 turbochargers with a properly controlled pressure ratio leads to a constant output power with little changes at different altitudes which enable achieving an altitude of 12.2 km for the target engine. Practical implications Adaptation of the internal combustion engine with a twin turbocharger using one-dimensional modeling. Originality/value The one-dimensional analysis provided an overall picture of the effective performance of turbochargers functioning in different altitudes and loads. It presents a new method for adopting of turbochargers set with internal combustion engines for propulsion medium-altitude aircraft.
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Özgür, Tayfun, and Kadir Aydın. "Analysis of Engine Performance Parameters of Electrically Assisted Turbocharged Diesel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.861.
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Charging system is used to increase the charge density. Supercharging system suffers from fuel consumption penalty because of compressor powered by engine output. Turbocharging system uses wasted exhaust energy that means compressor powered by exhaust turbine but has a turbo lag problem. The electrically assisted turbocharger which can eliminate turbo lag problem and fuel consumption penalty is the topic of this paper. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of electrically assisted turbocharger on diesel engine performance parameters. The AVL Boost software program was used to simulate the electrically assisted turbocharged diesel engine. Simulations results showed that electrically assisted turbocharger increases low end torque and improves fuel economy.
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Alshammari, Mamdouh, Nikolaos Xypolitas, and Apostolos Pesyridis. "Modelling of Electrically-Assisted Turbocharger Compressor Performance." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2019): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12060975.
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For the purposes of design of a turbocharger centrifugal compressor, a one-dimensional modelling method has been developed and applied specifically to electrically-assisted turbochargers (EAT). For this purpose, a mix of authoritative loss models was applied to determine the compressor losses. Furthermore, an engine equipped with an electrically-assisted turbocharger was modelled using commercial engine simulation software (GT-Power) to assess the performance of the engine equipped with the designed compressor. A commercial 1.5 L gasoline, in-line, 3-cylinder engine was selected for modeling. In addition, the simulations have been performed for an engine speed range between 1000 and 5000 rpm. The design target was an electric turbocharger compressor that could meet the boosting requirements of the engine with noticeable improvement in a transient response. The results from the simulations indicated that the EAT improved the overall performance of the engine when compared to the equivalent conventional turbocharged engine model. Moreover, the electrically-assisted turbochargers (EAT) equipped engine with power outputs of 1 kW and 5 kW EAT was increased by an average of 5.96% and 15.4%, respectively. This ranged from 1000 rpm to 3000 rpm engine speed. For the EAT model of 1 kW and 5 kW, the overall net reduction of the BSFC was 0.53% and 1.45%, respectively, from the initial baseline engine model.
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Sajedin, Azadeh, Seyed Ali Jazayeri, Mahdi Ahmadi, and Omid Farhangian Marandi. "Enhancing the Starting Torque of Turbocharged SI Engine Using 1-D CFD Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 4919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.4919.
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Turbo lag and low starting torque is the challenges of turbochargers. These challenges can be met with the implementation of an additional boosting device which can significantly boost the starting torque of the engine. the goal of this study is to show how the steady-state performance of a turbocharged SI engine can be improved by supercharging turbocharged engine. A one dimensional model for a turbocharged V type, four cylinder CNG engine has been developed and studied in detail using GT-POWER software. For validation purposes the model results are compared with experimental data available where acceptable results with good accuracy has been observed.
11
Dasappa, S., H. V. Sridhar, and I. Muzumdar. "Experiments on and thermodynamic analysis of a turbocharged engine with producer gas as fuel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 4 (September 23, 2011): 1004–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211419063.
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This article presents the studies conducted on turbocharged producer gas engines designed originally for natural gas (NG) as the fuel. Producer gas, whose properties like stoichiometric ratio, calorific value, laminar flame speed, adiabatic flame temperature, and related parameters that differ from those of NG, is used as the fuel. Two engines having similar turbochargers are evaluated for performance. Detailed measurements on the mass flowrates of fuel and air, pressures and temperatures at various locations on the turbocharger were carried out. On both the engines, the pressure ratio across the compressor was measured to be 1.40 ± 0.05 and the density ratio to be 1.35 ± 0.05 across the turbocharger with after-cooler. Thermodynamic analysis of the data on both the engines suggests a compressor efficiency of 70 per cent. The specific energy consumption at the peak load is found to be 13.1 MJ/kWh with producer gas as the fuel. Compared with the naturally aspirated mode, the mass flow and the peak load in the turbocharged after-cooled condition increased by 35 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively. The pressure ratios obtained with the use of NG and producer gas are compared with corrected mass flow on the compressor map.
12
Tu, Huan, and Hui Chen. "Modeling of a Compressor's Performance Map by Fitting Function Methodology." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 1194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.1194.
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To build a precise compressor model is a critical issue in the modeling and simulation of a turbocharged diesel engine. This paper proposes an exponential function for compressor flow model and a polynomial function for efficiency model. A case study of a compressor map for TCA88 turbocharger is implemented to verify the proposed model. Fitting results show that the compressor model performs in accordance with the manufacture compressor map. The compressor model can be applied to mean value models of turbocharged engines for non-linear control and state estimation.
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Brodov, Y. M., L. V. Plotnikov, and K. O. Desyatov. "Thermal and mechanical improvement of the air supply system of a turbocharged piston engine." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 14, no. 2 (July 28, 2021): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2021-14-2-108-114.
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A method of thermomechanical improvement of pulsating air flows in the intake system of a turbocharged piston engine is described. The main objective of this study is to develop a method for suppressing the rate of heat transfer to improve the reliability of a piston turbocharged engine. A brief review of the literature on improving the reliability of piston engines is given. Scientific and technical results were obtained on the basis of experimental studies on a full-scale model of a piston engine. The hot-wire anemometer method was used to obtain gas-dynamic and heatexchange characteristics of gas flows. Laboratory stands and instrumentation facilities are described in the article. The data on gas dynamics and heat exchange of stationary and pulsating air flows in gas-dynamic systems of various configurations as applied to the air supply system of a turbocharged piston engine are presented. A method of thermomechanical improvement of flows in the intake system of an engine based on a honeycomb is proposed in order to stabilize the pulsating flow and suppress the intensity of heat transfer. Data were obtained on the air flow rate and the local heat transfer coefficient both in the exhaust duct of the turbocharger compressor (i.e., without a piston engine) and in the intake system of a supercharged engine. A comparative analysis of the data has been carried out. It was found that the installation of a leveling grid in the exhaust channel of a turbocharger leads to an intensification of heat transfer by an average of 9%. It was found that the presence of a leveling grid in the intake system of a piston engine causes the suppression of heat transfer within 15% in comparison with the baseline values. It is shown that the use of a modernized intake system in a diesel engine increases its probability of failure-free operation by 0.8%. The data obtained can be extended to other types and designs of air supply systems for heat engines.
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Wei, Zhen Biao, Kun Peng Zheng, and Jian Tao Feng. "Design and Research of an Accelerated Device that Can Change Transient Response Performance of Vehicle Diesel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 552 (June 2014): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.552.227.
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The accelerated performance of the vehicle is an important part of the vehicle performance. To a large extent, the accelerated performance depends mainly on transient response performance of diesel engine. Better the transient response performance of the diesel engine, the accelerated performance of the vehicle is better. On the basis of analyzing poor performance of transient response of turbocharged diesel engine, we propose technical measures to improve accelerated performance of turbocharger using vehicle energy reserves, and design the related hardware and software. Through the real vehicle tests can show that the accelerated device can improve the transient response performance of vehicle diesel engines.
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Hennek, Krystian, and Mariusz Graba. "The influence of exhaust system leak on the operating parameters of a turbocharged spark ignition engine." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 6 (June 30, 2018): 468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.114.
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Turbocharging of an internal combustion engine is the most common technique to improve an engines’ performance. In present it is not hard to meet vehicles on the road with turbocharged SI engines, which have a high mileage, and because of this fact there is a high risk of exhaust systems leak. This might have its influence not only on the emissions, but also on the vehicles performance. Thereby this dissertation shows the comparative analysis of the influence of exhaust system leak in the catalyzer input on the exhaust gasses composition in the catalyzer output and the operation parameters of an turbocharged SI engine. During the research some parameters were recorded and compared, e. g.: the engines power and torque, the injec-tors opening time, the oxygen sensors voltage signals in the input and in the output of the catalyzer, the concentration of harmful gasses in the exhaust tailpipe. The research was conducted with the use of a single roller MAHA MSR 500 chassis dynamometer. A series of torque measurements was performed. Under these measurements a simulation of the exhaust system leakage of a turbocharged SI passenger car engine was made. As a result three variations of the wideband oxygen sensor acting were reached. The wideband sensor is mounted between the turbocharger unit and the input of the catalyzer. In the test the influence of the leakage on the injector’s opening time and the composition of harmful exhaust substances were pointed.
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Burciu, Salvadore Mugurel, and Kristina Uzuneanu. "Response Time to Sudden Changes in Speed and Load Regimes for Turbocharged Diesel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.157.
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The paper includes results from experimental determinations of parameters for turbocharged MB836Db diesel engine, which functioning at dynamic conditions. The studied functioning modes resulting from sudden changes in acceleration and/or loading. The authors used for experimental determinations an railway Diesel engine turbocharged, MB836Db. The results are obtained based on measurements made in the department of Thermal Systems and Environmental Engineering from University “Dunarea de Jos” of Galati. Authors used the equipment which contains PLC module CBM 500, which is put on the turbocharged MB836Db engine. Experimental measurements were performed for dynamic regimes (regimes varying in time) , in case of four changes for engine's acceleration and load.In conditions of acceleration (fast increase of rotation and/or load) only one part of exhaust gasses's energy is transformed in mechanical work for turbocompressor; the rest of the energy is used for the acceleration of different parts which are in rotation movement, to overcome the inertia of the turbocharger with free rotation. That is why, the pressure delivered by the turbocharger in case of functioning on unsteady conditions, at any moment is decreased than the supercharger pressure in steady working conditions, at the same speed and load regimes.The experimental results obtained for unsteady working conditions shows that the performances of engine and turbocompressor are reduced compared to the performances in stationary operating conditions, and this because the turbocompressor inertia is greater than the inertia of the injection system. Because of this issue is modified significantly the combustible mixture quality (decrease in the ratio of air and fuel ), which determines the increase of chemical pollution and decrease of engine performances.The authors presents some conclusions on the influence of the turbocharger’s response on the performances of engine in case of regimes varying in time, such as changes in acceleration and load.
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Ozer, Salih, Mehmet Akcay, and Erdinc Vural. "Effects of liquefed petroleum gas use in a turbocharged stratified injection engine using ethanol/gasoline as pilot fuel." Thermal Science 25, Spec. issue 1 (2021): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200517010o.
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The production of engines using turbocharged stratified injection technology has increased rapidly in recent years. In addition, the use of liquefied petroleum gas, which is an environmental and economical fuel, is increasing in vehicles. While liquefied petroleum gas cannot be used in turbocharged stratified injection engines before, liquefied petroleum gas kits have become applicable to these types of engines with the development of technology. Turbocharged stratified injection is used to provide the first ignition of liquid fuel in engines. Therefore, liquid fuel is sprayed from the injector and then added on liquefied petroleum gas to burn liquefied petroleum gas. Thus, unlike other systems, liquefied petroleum gas in use with the increase in efficiency is also provided. Alcohols (ethanol, methanol, butanol, etc.) biomass fuels are alternative fuel characteristics. There are many studies on the use of alcohols in internal combustion engines. What distinguishes this study is that turbocharged stratified injection is used as a pilot fuel to burn liquefied petroleum gas in an engine. In the study, a vehicle with a turbocharged stratified injection motor equipped with prins liquefied petroleum gas system was used. For this purpose, the effects of 5% (E5), 10% (E10), and 20% (E20) ethanol addition on engine power, engine torque and exhaust emissions were investigated. The vehicle experiments were carried out by increasing the engine speed from 500-5500 rpm in the chassis dynamometer. The findings showed that with E10+liquefied petroleum gas fuel, there is an increase in engine power and engine torque. There is also a reduction in all CO, CO2, and HC emissions.
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Benvenuto, G., and U. Campora. "Dynamic simulation of a high-performance sequentially turbocharged marine diesel engine." International Journal of Engine Research 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2002): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/14680870260189244.
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The sequential turbocharging technique is used to improve the performance of highly rated diese engines in particular at part loads. However, the transient behaviour of the sequential turbocharging connection/disconnection phases may be difficult to calibrate and requires an accurate study and development. This may be accomplished, in addition to the necessary experimentation, by means of dynamic simulation techniques. In this paper a model for the dynamic simulation of a sequentially turbocharged diesel engine is presented. A two-zone, non-adiabatic, actual cycle approach is used for the chemical and thermodynamic phenomena simulation in the cylinder. Fluid mass and energy accumulation in the engine volumes are evaluated by means of a filling and emptying method. The simulation of the turbocharger dynamics combines the use of the compressor and turbine maps with a model of the sequential turbocharging connection/disconnection valves and of their governor system. The procedure is applied to the simulation of the Wärtsilä 18V 26X engine, a highly rated, recently developed, sequentially turbocharged marine diesel engine, whose experimental results are used for the steady state and transient validation of the simulation code with particular reference to the sequential turbocharging connection/disconnection phases. The presented results show the time histories of some important variables during typical engine load variations.
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Huang, Zhao-Ming, Kai Shen, Li Wang, Wei-Guo Chen, and Jin-Yuan Pan. "Experimental study on the effects of the Miller cycle on the performance and emissions of a downsized turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 5 (May 2020): 168781402091872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020918720.
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The Miller cycle has been proven to be an effective way to improve the thermal efficiency for gasoline engines. However, it may show insufficient power performance at certain loads. In this study, the objective is to exploit the advantages of the Miller-cycle engines over the original Otto-cycle engines. Therefore, a new camshaft profile with early intake valve closure was devised, and two various pistons were redesigned to obtain higher compression ratio 11.2 and 12.1, based on the original engine with compression ratio 10. Then, a detailed comparative investigation of the effects of Miller cycle combined with higher compression ratio on the performance and emission of a turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine has been experimentally carried out based on the engine bench at full and partial loads, compared to the original engine. The results show that, at full load, for a turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine utilizing the Miller cycle, partial maximum power is compromised about 1.5% while fuel consumption shows a strong correlation with engine speed. At partial load, since the Miller effect can well reduce the pumping mean effective pressure, thus improves the fuel economy effectively. In addition, the suppression of the in-cylinder combustion temperature induced by the lower effective compression ratio contributes to the reduction of nitrogen oxide emission greatly. However, the total hydrocarbon emission increases slightly. Therefore, a combination of the Miller cycle and highly boosted turbocharger shows great potential in further improvement of fuel economy and anti-knock performance for downsized gasoline direct injection engines.
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Panting, J., K. R. Pullen, and R. F. Martinez-Botas. "Turbocharger motor-generator for improvement of transient performance in an internal combustion engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 215, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407011525700.
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Turbocharging of internal combustion engines is an established technology used for the purpose of increasing both power density and in some cases the cycle efficiency of diesel engines relative to naturally aspirated engines. However, one significant drawback is the inability to match the characteristics of the turbocharger to the engine under full load and also to provide sufficiently good transient response. Under many conditions this results in reduced efficiency and leads to higher exhaust emissions. The design of turbocharger components must be compromised in order to minimize these drawbacks throughout the entire operating range. However, when shaft power can be either added to or subtracted from the turbocharger shaft by means of a direct drive motor-generator, an additional degree of freedom is available to the designer to achieve a better turbocharger-engine matching. Both engine efficiency and transient response can be significantly improved by means of this method, normally described as hybrid turbocharging. This paper describes the results of a theoretical study of the benefits of hybrid turbocharging over a basic turbocharged engine in both steady state and transient operation. The new system and its benefits are described and four different engine-turbocharger systems are analysed in addition to the baseline engine. The main conclusion of the paper is that a significant increase in design point cycle efficiency can be afforded by re-matching the turbocharger components under steady state conditions while at the same time improving full throttle transient performance. Emissions are not considered in this paper.
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Passar, Andrey V., D. V. Tymoshenko, and E. V. Faleeva. "Application of a New Design and Calculation Technology for Improving the Blading Section of the Engine with Turbine Supercharger." Defect and Diffusion Forum 392 (April 2019): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.392.239.
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The existing methods of design and calculating the gas-dynamic characteristics of turbo-machines do not allow an accurate computation of parameters of a turbo compressor unit as part of a compound internal-combustion engine. The evaluation of a new design and estimation method for the blading section of the turbine of the turbocharged engine was carried out in this paper. The developed technology was used to design impellers for radial-axial turbines of a turbocharged engine operating in various modes. The features of these turbines are presented in the steady and unsteady stream. As a result of the application of the new design and calculating technology, the following data was obtained: the parameters of the turbine design mode as part of a turbocharged engine; the blading section of the turbine TKR-14 of the turbocharger. As a part of a turbocharged engine, this blading section will allow the unsteady action from the piston part to operate more efficiently than the standard turbine of the 6 CHN 18/22 (Russian Marine Diesel) engine. The computation of turbine performance characteristics in a steady stream showed that a decrease in the geometric dimensions at the inlet and outlet of the impeller leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the turbine and an increase in its effective power. The computation of performance characteristics of a turbine as part of the turbocharged engine showed that reducing the height of the impeller blades causes scavenging duration reduction, an increase in a pressure drop on scavenging, an increase in pressure in the exhaust pipeline, an increase in the efficiency of the turbine and its effective power. Comparison of these characteristics with experimental data proves the adequacy of the applied technology.
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Wu, H. W., T. Z. Hsu, and W. H. Lai. "Dual Fuel Turbocharged Engine Operated with Exhaust Gas Recirculation." Journal of Mechanics 34, no. 1 (May 12, 2016): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2016.32.
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AbstractWith good combustion characteristics, hydrogen has been developing as a clean alternative fuel of engines. This study is to develop a diesel/hydrogen dual fuel engine. The hydrogen was added at inlet port in a 4-cylinder direct injection turbocharged diesel engine with an EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system to investigate engine performance and exhaust pollutant. The measured items are composed of the gas pressure of cylinder, crank angle, consumption rate of diesel, consumption rate of hydrogen, air flow rate, emissions (HC, CO2, NOX, and Smoke), and so on. The authors analyze how the addition of hydrogen with EGR system influences the engine performance and emissions. The diesel/hydrogen dual fuel turbocharged engine can increase the brake thermal efficiency with a greater decrease in emissions compared with the turbocharged diesel engine. Furthermore, the authors little altered the engine structure to get the positive effect of energy saving and pollutant decreasing.
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Korczewski, Zbigniew. "Exhaust Gas Temperature Measurements in Diagnostics of Turbocharged Marine Internal Combustion Engines Part I Standard Measurements." Polish Maritime Research 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2015-0007.
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Abstract The article discusses the problem of diagnostic informativeness of exhaust gas temperature measurements in turbocharged marine internal combustion engines. Theoretical principles of the process of exhaust gas flow in turbocharger inlet channels are analysed in its dynamic and energetic aspects. Diagnostic parameters are defined which enable to formulate general evaluation of technical condition of the engine based on standard online measurements of the exhaust gas temperature. A proposal is made to extend the parametric methods of diagnosing workspaces in turbocharged marine engines by analysing time-histories of enthalpy changes of the exhaust gas flowing to the turbocompressor turbine. Such a time-history can be worked out based on dynamic measurements of the exhaust gas temperature, performed using a specially designed sheathed thermocouple. The first part of the article discusses possibilities to perform diagnostic inference about technical condition of a marine engine with pulse turbocharging system based on standard measurements of exhaust gas temperature in characteristic control cross-sections of its thermal and flow system. Selected metrological issues of online exhaust gas temperature measurements in those engines are discusses in detail, with special attention being focused on the observed disturbances and thermodynamic interpretation of the recorded measuring signal. Diagnostic informativeness of the exhaust gas temperature measurements performed in steady-state conditions of engine operation is analysed in the context of possible evaluations of technical condition of the engine workspaces, the injection system, and the fuel delivery process.
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Sun, Qi Xin, and Limin Chen. "Research on Transmitting Efficiency of Supercharged Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 63-64 (June 2011): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.63-64.237.
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In recent years, the internal combustion engine has been widely used through technological advances to improve its environmental performance. Mechanical and electrical integration of the engine turbocharging system is based on conventional turbocharging system to increase motor in parallel with the turbocharger and the corresponding reversible energy storage components, so that achieve by adjusting the energy input or output direction and the size of the motor to adjust the exhaust turbocharger operating point and the gas supply function. According to matching requirements of light vehicle diesel engine, the analysis model of exhaust gas energy is obtained through qualitative analysis of exhaust gas energy in turbocharged diesel engine.
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Chesse, Pascal, Jean-Franc¸ois Hetet, Xavier Tauzia, Philippe Roy, and Bahadir Inozu. "Performance Simulation of Sequentially Turbocharged Marine Diesel Engines With Applications to Compressor Surge." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 122, no. 4 (April 17, 2000): 562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1290587.
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This paper presents the SELENDIA code designed for the simulation of marine diesel engines. Various measured and simulated results are compared for the performance of a sequentially turbocharged marine diesel engine during a switch from one to two turbochargers. The results show a good agreement between measured and simulated data. Surge loops that are experimentally observed in case of an anomaly are analyzed using simulated results. Finally, the predictive capabilities of the simulation code are utilized to investigate the influence of the inlet manifold volume on the engine and air charging system performance with a special focus on compressor surge. [S0742-4795(00)01104-2]
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Hu, Bo, James WG Turner, Sam Akehurst, Chris Brace, and Colin Copeland. "Observations on and potential trends for mechanically supercharging a downsized passenger car engine:a review." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 231, no. 4 (August 5, 2016): 435–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407016636971.
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Engine downsizing is a proven approach for achieving a superior fuel efficiency. It is conventionally achieved by reducing the swept volume of the engine and by employing some means of increasing the specific output to achieve the desired installed engine power, usually in the form of an exhaust-driven turbocharger. However, because of the perceptible time needed for the turbocharger system to generate the required boost pressure, a characteristic of turbocharged engines is their degraded driveability in comparison with those of their naturally aspirated counterparts. Mechanical supercharging refers to the technology that compresses the intake air using the energy taken directly from the engine crankshaft. It is anticipated that engine downsizing which is realised either solely by a supercharger or by a combination of a supercharger and a turbocharger will enhance a vehicle’s driveability without significantly compromising the fuel consumption at an engine level compared with the downsizing by turbocharging. The capability of the supercharger system to eliminate the high exhaust back pressure, to reduce the pulsation interference and to mitigate the surge issue of a turbocharged engine in a compound-charging system offsets some of the fuel consumption penalty incurred in driving the supercharger. This, combined with an optimised down-speeding strategy, can further improve the fuel efficiency performance of a downsized engine while still enhancing its driveability and performance at a vehicle level. This paper first reviews the fundamentals and the types of supercharger that are currently used, or have been used, in passenger car engines. Next, the relationships between the downsizing, the driveability and the down-speeding are introduced to identify the improved synergies between the engine and the boosting machine. Then, mass production and prototype downsized supercharged passenger car engines are briefly described, followed by a detailed review of the current state-of-the-art supercharging technologies that are in production as opposed to the approaches that are currently only being investigated at a research level. Finally, the trends for mechanically supercharging a passenger car engine are discussed, with the aim of identifying potential development directions for the future. Enhancement of the low-end torque, improvement in the transient driveability and reduction in low-load parasitic losses are the three main development directions for a supercharger system, among which the adoption of a continuously variable transmission to decouple the supercharger speed from the engine speed, improvement of the compressor isentropic and volumetric efficiency and innovation of the supercharger mechanism seem to be the potential trend for mechanically supercharging a passenger car engine.
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Liu, Meng Xiang, Peng Wang, and Fang Yuan. "Simulation and Experiment Research of Working Process of Exhaust Turbocharged and Intercooled Diesel Engine." Advanced Materials Research 744 (August 2013): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.744.13.
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In this paper, the working process mathematical models of in-cylinder of the diesel engine, exhaust turbocharger and intercooler are established, as well as the simulating model using simulation Software GT-POWER. Through parameters modification, we built the Map of efficiency characteristic curve of compressor and turbocharger. Targeted at the turbocharged intercooled diesel engine of YC4F92 type, simulating calculation and experimental verification are conducted. It turned out that the simulating value and experimental value matches well and the maximum error value is not more than 5%, which demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of the established model. The established model can works as a tool for the design and optimization of diesel engine.
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Payri, F., J. Benajes, J. Galindo, and J. R. Serrano. "Modelling of turbocharged diesel engines in transient operation. Part 2: Wave action models for calculating the transient operation in a high speed direct injection engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 216, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 479–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070260137507.
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Part 1 of this paper analysed the physical phenomena involved in the transient operation of turbocharged diesel engines, together with the principles of diesel combustion characterization during the transient process. This second part describes a calculation model developed to predict engine transient performance based on an existing wave action code. Relevant improvements introduced are combustion process simulation and modelling of heat transfer, variable geometry turbine behaviour and mechanical losses. Experimental load transient tests with a high speed direct injection engine have been performed, with the aim of assessing the model accuracy. The main evaluation parameters were instantaneous variation during turbocharger rotating speed transient, boost pressure, air mass flow, injected fuel and exhaust pressures.
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Natarajan, S., A. U. Meeanakshi Sundareswaran, S. Arun Kumar, and N. V. Mahalakshmi. "Computational Analysis of an Early Direct Injected HCCI Engine with Turbocharger Using Bio Ethanol and Diesel Blends." Applied Mechanics and Materials 812 (November 2015): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.812.70.
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In this paper the work deals with the computational analysis of early direct injected HCCI engine with turbocharger using the CHEMKIN-PRO software. The computational analysis was carried out in the base of auto ignition chemistry by means of reduced chemical kinetics. For this study the neat diesel and Bio ethanol diesel blend (E20) were used as fuel. The inlet pressure was increased to 1.2 bar to simulate the turbocharged engine operation. The injection time was advanced to 18° before top dead centre (BTDC) i.e., 5° BTDC than normal injection time of 23° BTDC. The equivalence ratio was kept at 0.6 (ɸ=0.6) and the combustion, emission characteristics and chemical kinetics of the combustion reaction were studied. Since pressure and temperature profiles plays a very important role in reaction path at certain operating conditions, an attempt had been made here to present a complete reaction path investigation on the formation/destruction of chemical species at peak temperature and pressure conditions. The result showed that main draw backs of HCCI combustion like higher levels of unburned hydrocarbon emissions and carbon monoxide emissions are reduced in the turbocharged operation of the HCCI engine when compared to normal HCCI engine operation without turbocharger.
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Altosole, Marco, Ugo Campora, Massimo Figari, Michele Laviola, and Michele Martelli. "A Diesel Engine Modelling Approach for Ship Propulsion Real-Time Simulators." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 5 (May 11, 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7050138.
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A turbocharged diesel engine numerical model, suitable for real-time ship manoeuvre simulation, is presented in this paper. While some engine components (mainly the turbocharger, intercooler and manifolds) are modelled by a filling and emptying approach, the cylinder simulation is based on a set of five-dimensional numerical matrices (each matrix is generated by means of a more traditional thermodynamic model based on in-cylinder actual cycle). The new cylinder calculation approach strongly reduces the engine transient computation time, making it possible to transform the simulation model into a real-time executable application. As a case study, the simulation methodology is applied to a high speed four stroke turbocharged marine diesel engine, whose design and off design running data are available from the technical sheet. In order to verify the suitability of the proposed model in real-time simulation applications, a yacht propulsion plant simulator is developed. Numerical results in ship acceleration and deceleration manoeuvres are shown, reducing the simulation running time of 99% in comparison with the corresponding in-cylinder actual cycle engine model.
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Shen, Xianqing, Kai Shen, and Zhendong Zhang. "Experimental study on the effect of high-pressure and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation on gasoline engine and turbocharger." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 11 (November 2018): 168781401880960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018809607.
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The effects of high-pressure and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation on engine and turbocharger performance were investigated in a turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine. Some performances, such as engine combustion, fuel consumption, intake and exhaust, and turbocharger operating conditions, were compared at wide open throttle and partial load with the high-pressure and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation systems. The reasons for these changes are analyzed. The results showed EGR system of gasoline engine could optimize the cylinder combustion, reduce pumping mean effective pressure and lower fuel consumption. Low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation system has higher thermal efficiency than high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation, especially on partial load condition. The main reasons are as follows: more exhaust energy is used by the turbocharger with low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation system, and the lower exhaust gas temperature of engine would optimize the combustion in cylinder.
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Ammad ud Din, Syed, Weilin Zhuge, Panpan Song, and Yangjun Zhang. "A method of turbocharger design optimization for a diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 2572–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018802560.
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Downsizing a diesel engine using turbocharger and coupling it with exhaust gas recirculation is the recent trend to improve engine performance and emission control. For diesel engines, it is important to match a turbocharger that meets both the low-speed torque and high-speed power requirements. This article presents a method of turbocharger design optimization for a turbocharged diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation, on the basis of parametric study of turbocharger geometry. Turbocharger through-flow model along with one-dimensional engine model is used to study the effect of key geometric parameters of the compressor and turbine on engine brake torque, brake-specific fuel consumption, air flowrate and cylinder peak temperature. For compressor, the research emphasizes on impeller inlet relative diameter, inlet blade tip angle, impeller exit blade angle and exit blade height, while for turbine parameters such as volute throat area, inlet blade height, inlet diameter, outlet diameter and rotor exit blade angle are taken into account. Results show that in case of compressor, engine performance is sensitive to the inlet relative diameter, inlet blade angle and exit blade angle. In case of turbine, volute throat area, inlet blade height and inlet diameter have vital effect on engine performance. On the basis of results, an optimized turbocharger design is developed. Comparison shows prominent improvement in turbocharger maps and engine performance. Compressor maximum efficiency and pressure ratio are increased from 73% to 77% and 3.166 to 3.305, respectively. Most importantly, the area of compressor maximum efficiency zone is increased considerably. Also turbine efficiency is increased from 71.42% to 76.94%. As a result, engine torque and air flowrate are increased up to 5.26% and 8.31%, respectively, while brake-specific fuel consumption and cylinder peak temperature are decreased up to 5.00% and 4.31%, respectively.
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Zhu, Dengting, Yun Lin, and Xinqian Zheng. "Strategy on performance improvement of inverse Brayton cycle system for energy recovery in turbocharged diesel engines." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 234, no. 1 (May 9, 2019): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919847920.
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The inverse Brayton cycle is a potential technology for waste heat energy recovery. It consists of three components: one turbine, one heat exchanger, and one compressor. The exhaust gas is further expanded to subatmospheric pressure in the turbine, and then cooled in the heat exchanger, last compressed in the compressor into the atmosphere. The process above is the reverse of the pressurized Brayton cycle. This work has presented the strategy on performance improvement of the inverse Brayton cycle system for energy recovery in turbocharged diesel engines, which has pointed the way to the future development of the inverse Brayton cycle system. In the paper, an experiment was presented to validate the numerical model of a 2.0 l turbocharged diesel engine. Meanwhile, the influence laws of the inverse Brayton cycle system critical parameters, including turbocharger speed and efficiencies, and heat exchanger efficiency, on the system performance improvement for energy recovery are explored at various engine operations. The results have shown that the engine exhaust energy recovery efficiency increases with the engine speed up, and it has a maximum increment of 6.1% at the engine speed of 4000 r/min (the engine rated power point) and the full load. At the moment, the absolute pressure was before final compression is 51.9 kPa. For the inverse Brayton cycle system development in the future, it is essential to choose a more effective heat exchanger. Moreover, variable geometry turbines are very appropriate to achieve a proper matching between the turbocharging system and the inverse Brayton cycle system.
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Mohd Nor, Alias, Muhammad Rabiu Abbas, Srithar Rajoo, Muhammad Hanafi Md Sah, and Norhayati Ahmad. "Review on Ceramic Application in Automotive Turbocharged Engines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.219.
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Research on the use of thermal barrier coatings in internal combustion engine had contributed in achieving higher thermal efficiency, improved combustion and reduced emissions of the engine. Low thermal conductivity ceramics can be used to control the temperature distribution and heat flow in high temperature structural components due to its inherent thermal insulation properties. For this reason much has been and is being done on the study and development of ceramics for use in automotive engine components working under severe temperature conditions and heavy loads due to their inherent thermal and mechanical properties. The objective of the study is to review the contributions of structural ceramics in the development and improvement of some of the major automotive engine components working under severe conditions of temperature. It is expected that the study will serve as a useful guide for the selection of materials which can withstand severe conditions of temperature and heavy loads for a novel turbocharger and turbocharged engine applications.
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Wang, Jun, Lizhong Shen, Yuhua Bi, Shaohua Liu, and Mingding Wan. "Power recovery of a variable nozzle turbocharged diesel engine at high altitude by response surface methodology and sequential quadratic programming." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 4 (February 21, 2018): 810–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017753913.
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Based on a review of the research methods about diesel engine performance recovery at high altitude and an experimental investigation, by optimizing variable nozzle turbocharger (VNT) and fuel supply system calibration parameters a novel method is proposed to enhance the performance of a turbocharged diesel engine at high altitude. At an altitude of 1920 m, four calibration parameters deeply affecting performance of the diesel engine were selected at the rated power condition, that is, injection quantity, injection timing, injection pressure, and VNT nozzle opening. In order to reduce thermal load of the diesel engine running in the plateau environment, reasonable coded levels of Design of Experiments (DoE) factors were chosen, and an experimental design matrix was selected based on the Box–Behnken design. The interaction effects of the four calibration parameters on engine performance were investigated using the response surface methodology. Power recovery optimization was carried out by means of sequential quadratic programming under a minimum smoke limit and durability constraints. The results show that this performance optimization method can effectively recover engine performance at high altitude. Moreover, it can, to an extent, alleviate the problems such as deterioration of fuel consumption and high thermal load induced by the rise in elevation. With optimized calibration parameters, the rated power of the diesel engine at an altitude of 1920 m proved to be recovered to that at sea level, and there was an increase of brake specific fuel consumption by less than 3% compared with that in the plain area, which met the performance and durability requirements for general turbocharged internal combustion engines at altitudes lower than 2000 m.
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Wang, Shi Juan. "T-145 Turbocharger Product Identification and Research Organizations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.877.
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T-145 turbocharger for 170 series turbocharged diesel engine supporting one type of supercharger. Product quality system certification involves turbocharger manufacturing quality and use of quality aspects. Production of quality products , including the product design quality , production organization , quality parts , components and standard parts supply , assembly quality. Use quality turbocharger can be achieved in the course of the performance indicators.These indicators are in the laboratory by the engine manufacturer turbocharger performance test data . User Quality is the key to life test booster . On the client problems is to charge by the turbocharger manufacturer . The same is the product acceptable identification of the content . Turbocharger product certification process is the production quality system certification. Also Turbocharger Manufacturing and production certification. Access system in the implementation of the product after the turbocharger manufacturer 's products to meet the requirements of industry management standards , but also meet the requirements of the engine plant . Therefore, a product required after the completion of the trial process through the identification . Used to determine the level of products .
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Tian, Wei, Defeng Du, Juntong Li, Zhiqiang Han, and Wenbin Yu. "Establishment of a Two-Stage Turbocharging System Model and Analysis on Influence Rules of Key Parameters." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 15, 2020): 1953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081953.
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This paper took a two-stage turbocharged heavy-duty six-cylinder diesel engine as the research object and established a two-stage turbocharging system matching model. The influence rules between the two-stage turbocharging key parameters were analyzed, while summarizing an optimization method of key parameters of a two-stage turbocharger. The constraint equations for the optimal distribution principle of the two-stage turbocharger’s pressure ratio and expansion ratio were proposed. The results show that when the pressure ratio constraint equation and expansion ratio constraint equation are satisfied, the diesel engine can achieve the target pressure ratio, while the total energy consumption of the turbocharger is the lowest.
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Rackmil, C. I., P. N. Blumberg, D. A. Becker, R. R. Schuller, and D. C. Garvey. "A Dynamic Model of a Locomotive Diesel Engine and Electrohydraulic Governor." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 110, no. 3 (July 1, 1988): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240136.
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As part of a comprehensive simulation of a prototype locomotive propulsion system, a detailed model has been developed that predicts the dynamic response of an experimental two-stroke, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine. Engine fueling and brake torque are computed from regression equations derived from an extensive data base. Corrections are applied to the calculated steady-state torque to account for dynamic deviations of in-cylinder trapped air-fuel ratio from the steady-state value. The engine simulation accurately represents the operation of the turbocharger, which is gear-driven at low turbocharger speeds, and freewheels through an overrunning clutch when exhaust energy accelerates the turbocharger beyond its geared speed. Engine fueling level, i.e., rack, is determined from a dynamic simulation of an electrohydraulic governor, which responds to the difference between the desired and the actual engine speeds. The governor representation includes: (1) finite rate of change of engine set speed; (2) load regulator feedback for control of applied engine loads; and (3) fuel limiting under conditions of excessively high load demand. The fundamentals of the engine/governor model are given in the paper along with examples that emphasize the dynamic operation of these particular components.
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DANILECKI, Krzysztof. "Theoretical analysis of cooperation of a turbocharger with a sequentially turbocharged engine." Combustion Engines 136, no. 1 (February 1, 2009): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117225.
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The paper presents fundamentals characterising the operation of turbochargers and the dependencies essential for the calculation (the use of balance equations of a turbocharger this purpose) of the total efficiency of a compressor set with respect to the power balance of the respective devices of a turbine. For the assumed conditions of the engine operation – an optimum power distribution has been carried out on the basis of a theoretical analysis as far as the total efficiency is concerned in the compressor set and in the turbine set of a supercharging device. The required pressure drops in the turbine, essential to ensure the power in the compressor have been carried out with respect to the efficiency of each device.
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Le, Tuan Anh. "SIMULATION OF A TURBOCHARGING SYSTEM EQUIPPED FOR A DIESEL ENGINE D1146TIS." Science and Technology Development Journal 12, no. 14 (August 15, 2009): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v12i14.2343.
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The paper presents simulated results of a turbocharging system in a combination of turbine - compressor - IC. engine on one dimensional simulation software AVL-BOOST. Findings of the research depict clearly that the turbocharger equipped for the engine has met all requirements to have high boost pressure for this engine. The full load curve of the engine is located out of the surge area and in the area of high efficiency of the compressor's map. Besides, findings of the research also virtually show the matching of the turbochager and the engine - an important basis for operating the turbocharged engine with highest efficiency. It is a part of the collaborative research activities on developing a new type of high tuborcharged IC. diesel engine between Hanoi University of Technology (HUT) and Vietnam Engine and Agricultural Machinary Corporation (VEAM).
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Popelka, Josef, and Petr Starý. "Mathematical Model of a Turbocharged Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.842.
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In this article I focus on a mathematical description of a turbocharged engine. After expressing the mathematical description I transferred it to the computer environment of a mathematical program. I further elaborated the results and compared them with the results of a simulation model of a turbocharged engine, which is also mentioned in the second part of the article.
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Boretti, Albert. "Super Turbocharging the Direct Injection Diesel engine." Nonlinear Engineering 7, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nleng-2017-0067.
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Abstract The steady operation of a turbocharged diesel direct injection (TDI) engine featuring a variable speed ratio mechanism linking the turbocharger shaft to the crankshaft is modelled in the present study. Key parameters of the variable speed ratio mechanism are range of speed ratios, efficiency and inertia, in addition to the ability to control relative speed and flow of power. The device receives energy from, or delivers energy to, the crankshaft or the turbocharger. In addition to the pistons of the internal combustion engine (ICE), also the turbocharger thus contributes to the total mechanical power output of the engine. The energy supply from the crankshaft is mostly needed during sharp accelerations to avoid turbo-lag, and to boost torque at low speeds. At low speeds, the maximum torque is drastically improved, radically expanding the load range. Additionally, moving closer to the points of operation of a balanced turbocharger, it is also possible to improve both the efficiency η, defined as the ratio of the piston crankshaft power to the fuel flow power, and the total efficiency η*, defined as the ratio of piston crankshaft power augmented of the power from the turbocharger shaft to the fuel flow power, even if of a minimal extent. The energy supply to the crankshaft is possible mostly at high speeds and high loads, where otherwise the turbine could have been waste gated, and during decelerations. The use of the energy at the turbine otherwise waste gated translates in improvements of the total fuel conversion efficiency η* more than the efficiency η. Much smaller improvements are obtained for the maximum torque, yet again moving closer to the points of operation of a balanced turbocharger. Adopting a much larger turbocharger (target displacement x speed 30% larger than a conventional turbocharger), better torque outputs and fuel conversion efficiencies η* and η are possible at every speed vs. the engine with a smaller, balanced turbocharger. This result motivates further studies of the mechanism that may considerably benefit traditional powertrains based on diesel engines.
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Yilmaz, Hakan, and Anna Stefanopoulou. "Control of Charge Dilution in Turbocharged Diesel Engines via Exhaust Valve Timing." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 127, no. 3 (August 24, 2004): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1985440.
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In this paper we extend an existing crank angle resolved dynamic nonlinear model of a six-cylinder 12 l turbocharged (TC) Diesel engine with exhaust valve closing (EVC) variability. Early EVC achieves a high level of internal exhaust gas recirculation (iEGR) or charge dilution in Diesel engines, and thus reduces generated oxides of nitrogen (NOx). This model is validated in steady-state conventional (fixed EVC) engine operating points. It is expected to capture the transient interactions between EVC actuation, the turbocharger dynamics, and the cylinder-to-cylinder breathing characteristics, although this has not been explicitly validated due to lack of hardware implementation. A nominal low order linear multi-input multi-output model is then identified using cycle-sampled or cycle-averaged data from the higher order nonlinear simulation model. Various low-order controllers that vary EVC to maximize the steady-state iEGR under air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) constraints during transient fueling demands are suggested based on different sensor sets. The difficulty in the control tuning arises from the fact that the EVC affects both the AFR and engine torque requiring coordination of fueling and EVC. Simulation results are shown on the full order model.
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Chan, S. H. "Thermodynamics in a turbocharged direct injection diesel engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 212, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407981525768.
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Software has been developed for the calculation of the thermodynamic cycle and the entropy changes in a turbocharged, direct injection, diesel engine based upon the measured cylinder pressure and a shaft encoder output. Assumptions of homogeneous mixture and equilibrium thermodynamic properties are made for the products of combustion and the temporal variation in the fluid thermodynamic state is followed in a quasi-steady manner through a series of adjacent equilibrium states, each separated by finite intervals of one degree crank angle (1°CA). The thermodynamic properties are calculated by either of two equivalent formulations — equilibrium constants or minimization of Gibbs free energy, and are expressed in algebraic equations for the partial derivative of internal energy and gas constant with respect to temperature, pressure and equivalence ratio. The effect of the engine operating conditions on the thermodynamic cycle is studied. Results show that the dynamic fuel injection timing and hence the ignition delay are strongly influenced by the operating conditions, and this explains the reasons for incorporating a fuel injection control system in modern vehicular engines for the optimization of the engine combustion cycle.
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Millo, Federico, Francesco Accurso, Alessandro Zanelli, and Luciano Rolando. "Numerical Investigation of 48 V Electrification Potential in Terms of Fuel Economy and Vehicle Performance for a Lambda-1 Gasoline Passenger Car." Energies 12, no. 15 (August 3, 2019): 2998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152998.
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Real Driving Emissions (RDE) regulations require the adoption of stoichiometric operation across the entire engine map for downsized turbocharged gasoline engines, which have been so far generally exploiting spark timing retard and mixture enrichment for knock mitigation. However, stoichiometric operation has a detrimental effect on engine and vehicle performances if no countermeasures are taken, such as alternative approaches for knock mitigation, as the exploitation of Miller cycle and/or powertrain electrification to improve vehicle acceleration performance. This research activity aims, therefore, to assess the potential of 48 V electrification and of the adoption of Miller cycle for a downsized and stoichiometric turbocharged gasoline engine. An integrated vehicle and powertrain model was developed for a reference passenger car, equipped with a EU5 gasoline turbocharged engine. Afterwards, two different 48 V electrified powertrain concepts, one featuring a Belt Starter Generator (BSG) mild-hybrid architecture, the other featuring, in addition to the BSG, a Miller cycle engine combined with an e-supercharger were developed and investigated. Vehicle performances were evaluated both in terms of elasticity maneuvers and of CO2 emissions for type approval and RDE driving cycles. Numerical simulations highlighted potential improvements up to 16% CO2 reduction on RDE driving cycle of a 48 V electrified vehicle featuring a high efficiency powertrain with respect to a EU5 engine and more than 10% of transient performance improvement.
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Eriksson, Lars, Lars Nielsen, Jan Brugård, Johan Bergström, Fredrik Pettersson, and Per Andersson. "Modeling of a turbocharged SI engine." Annual Reviews in Control 26, no. 1 (January 2002): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1367-5788(02)80022-0.
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Ford, M. P. "A Simplified Turbocharged Diesel Engine Model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Transport Engineering 201, no. 4 (October 1987): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1987_201_182_02.
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A simplified model of a turbocharged marine diesel is developed which is suitable for stability studies of diesel electric generator systems. By comparison with the manufacturer's detailed thermodynamic model, the simplified model was shown to have high steady state and transient accuracy over a wide load range.
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Kanamaru, Kazuhiro, Tsutomu Kajimura, Hidenori Sano, and Yuzuru Shimamoto. "Method of Optimizing Turbocharged Engine Systems." JSME International Journal Series B 37, no. 4 (1994): 974–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeb.37.974.
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Karnik, Amey Y., Mrdjan J. Jankovic, and Michael H. Shelby. "Scavenging in a turbocharged gasoline engine." International Journal of Powertrains 1, no. 4 (2012): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpt.2012.049630.
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Zellbeck, Hans, Tilo Roß, and Carsten Guhr. "The turbocharged direct-injection petrol engine." MTZ worldwide 68, no. 7-8 (July 2007): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03226841.
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