Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Turbulence atmosphérique – Analyse'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 24 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Turbulence atmosphérique – Analyse.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Gauthier, Alain. "Analyse d'une modélisation lagrangienne des panaches dans un modèle régional de pollution atmosphérique." Paris, ENMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0893.
Full textDarbieu, Clara. "Processus turbulents dans la couche limite atmosphérique pendant la transition d'après-midi." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30326/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the afternoon transition (AT) of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). This transitional period is complex, because it is non-stationary and most of the forcings, though smaller than during the previous convective period, may come into play. Thus, this transitional period is less understood than the quasi-stationary convective, neutral or stable regimes. Yet, the AT could impact on the nocturnal fog set up, influence the boundary-layer development on the following day and play a crucial role in the transport and dispersion of pollutants and trace species towards the free troposphere. Therefore, a better understanding of the AT could improve the meteorological models. One of the main objectives of the thesis is to improve the knowledge of the decay of turbulence during the AT, when the surface energy transfers are gradually decreasing. We especially put emphasis on the evolution of the ABL turbulence vertical structure. This work is in the core of the BLLAST (Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence) international project. A field campaign took place in summer 2011 in France, on the northern side of the Pyrenean foothills (at "Plateau de Lannemezan"), providing numerous observations used in the thesis. In addition, we also used a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) with which the turbulent scales can be explicitly resolved. Thanks to this approach, the evolution during the AT of the scale definitions, scaling laws, turbulence characteristics and of the role of the boundary layer processes are now better understood. Thanks to the set of observations, an overview of the BLLAST ATs has been done, according to the various meteorological conditions as well as the structure and evolution of the mean and turbulence structure of the ABLs. A large variability of the AT duration was observed, depending on the surface characteristics and atmospheric conditions. The evolution of the turbulent characteristics during the AT has been studied at the surface and higher in the ABL by means of aircraft measurements and LES data. The study points out the LES ability to reproduce the turbulence evolution throughout the afternoon
Maurel, Philippe. "Analyse et modélisation des courants et de la turbulence sous les vagues de vent." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT007H.
Full textYahaya, Saleye. "Dynamique de la couche limite de surface semi-aride : approche des caractéristiques turbulentes par anemometrie a coupelles et effets des traitements de surface du sol." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077181.
Full textMuller, Nicolas. "Analyse de front d'onde sur étoiles laser pour les extremely large telescopes." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077144.
Full textIn order to increase the sky coverage in Adaptive Optics (AO), Laser Guide Stars (LOS) are created in the Sodium layer of the atmosphere. These 3D extended objects induce specific problems on the wave front measurement performed by the Wave Front Sensor (WFS). Some of these problems become critical on the Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). The goal of this work is to study the specificity of the wavefront analysis on LGS in the framework of the ELTs, and to optimize the WFS measurement accuracy on such objects. We first studied the characterization of the effects of differential focal anisoplanatism on wave front measurements. Using a diffractive propagation model,i. E. Taking into account the effects of phase and amplitude, we have calculated these effects in the case of ELTs. Considering the stage of tomographic phase reconstruction. We have shown that these effects are actually low in amplitude for most applications. We proposed then a simple model to classify the different sources of errors identified in the literature. After showing that the Pyramid WFS and the Shack-Hartmann (SH) had very similar behaviours with regards to these effects, we assessed the différent error terms in the decomposition, considering the case of a SH WFS. We studied in detail the evaluation of the non-linearity error and the sensor noise error. Then we evaluated the impact of the Sodium layer variations, considering analytical profiles as well as real data. We considered also here the stage of tomographic reconstruction. Finally, we managed to deduce from this study the parameters of the WFS to be favored when optimizing the wavefront analysis on LGS, in the case of ELTs
Xiang, Yang. "Analyse dynamique en champ proche de la contribution des sources de composés organiques volatils, en région urbaine sous influence industrielle." Thesis, Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0408.
Full textRecently, sources apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) has been the subject of a great numbers of studies, in order to determine their contributions to atmospheric pollution. However, the dynamical behavior of atmosphere, within its micro-meteorological scale, has never been taken into account in the sources-receptor approach, yet it is the main factor to interpret near-field physic-chemical measurements of air pollution, in an urban area under industrial influences. The complexity of such a study area results from not only the emission modes and the various industrial activities, but also the meteorological phenomenon in multi-scale, which influences the dispersion and transport in a small scale (tipically several kilometers). With measurements of 85 VOC (including 23 oxygenated VOC) during several months, we have developed an innovative methodology, associating the results of the PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) modeling and the meteorological parameters, in order to identify the sources and to understand their dynamical behaviors. By introducing the vertical turbulence for the first time in this kind of analysis, the temperature and the solar radiation, as parameters of factor analyses, two behaviors have been distinguished, leading to identify the emissions near ground and in the upper part of surface layer. In this way, we have labeled the sources according to their nature as well as their emission mode, and we have highlighted the aged air mass containing secondary pollutants
Xiang, Yang. "Analyse dynamique en champ proche de la contribution des sources de composés organiques volatils, en région urbaine sous influence industrielle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0408.
Full textRecently, sources apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) has been the subject of a great numbers of studies, in order to determine their contributions to atmospheric pollution. However, the dynamical behavior of atmosphere, within its micro-meteorological scale, has never been taken into account in the sources-receptor approach, yet it is the main factor to interpret near-field physic-chemical measurements of air pollution, in an urban area under industrial influences. The complexity of such a study area results from not only the emission modes and the various industrial activities, but also the meteorological phenomenon in multi-scale, which influences the dispersion and transport in a small scale (tipically several kilometers). With measurements of 85 VOC (including 23 oxygenated VOC) during several months, we have developed an innovative methodology, associating the results of the PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) modeling and the meteorological parameters, in order to identify the sources and to understand their dynamical behaviors. By introducing the vertical turbulence for the first time in this kind of analysis, the temperature and the solar radiation, as parameters of factor analyses, two behaviors have been distinguished, leading to identify the emissions near ground and in the upper part of surface layer. In this way, we have labeled the sources according to their nature as well as their emission mode, and we have highlighted the aged air mass containing secondary pollutants
Fitton, George. "Analyse multifractale et simulation des fluctuations de l'énergie éolienne." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00962318.
Full textCarbone, Sullivan. "Analyse globale, régionale, et locale des mesures de vapeur d'eau dans la haute TTL pendant STRATÉOLE 2." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025REIMS004.
Full textThe relative importance of the different mechanisms governing the abundance and long-term trend of stratospheric water vapour is still poorly quantified. The upper troposphere and tropical lower stratosphere (TTL) is the gateway to the stratosphere for all species. Processes such as the cold trap, waves and deep stratospheric convection (overshoot) are the essential ones that modulate the abundance of water vapor entering the stratosphere.The Stratéole 2 project, based on several long-duration balloon campaigns, will enable us to study these processes throughout the tropical belt, by providing a large, unprecedented database.In this thesis, in situ water vapor measurements made by the 5 Pico-STRAT Bi-Gaz instruments (GSMA/DT INSU) during the first two Stratéole 2 campaigns are analyzed to quantify the impact of waves and deep convection on the stratospheric water balance. A method based on the calculation of water vapour anomalies (X') is developed to highlight these signatures.By extracting the temperature perturbations (T') for each flight, taken from a Hovmöller diagram (longitude/time) along the balloon's trajectory, and correlating them with the water vapour anomalies, we highlight, particularly for the first and last flights of the campaign, the major role played by waves in water vapour modulation.For other flights, we obtain weaker correlations, or even anti-correlations. Considering the vertical water vapour gradient derived from satellite measurements, we show that these anti-correlations are due to vertical displacements of air masses under the influence of large/medium scale waves.The proportion of X' compatible with isentropic displacement of air masses due to waves, varies between 48% and 70% depending on the flight, confirming the major role that waves can play in our measurements.The role of deep convection on X' is also investigated. Firstly, using vertical profiles obtained when balloons depressurized above deep convective systems. No systematic signature is detected in these cases.Between December 12 and 15, 2021, two Pico-STRAT Bi Gaz instruments were able to take measurements in the vicinity of cyclone Rai. The measurements show irreversible processes and strong hydration of the lower stratosphere due to deep convection generated in the cyclone’s arms which is an unprecedented result by in situ measurements over these systems.Analysis of convective signatures using cloud top products (Himawari and GOES geostationary satellites) and back-trajectories by the HYSPLIT model, shows that 33 nights in our in situ dataset have X' consistent with hydration or dehydration by overshoots. one case was modelled by the mesoscale model meso-NH to confirm the convective origin of some remarkable signatures. The 3 nested grid simulation of the case of 28/01/2020 over Sumatra supports the hypothesis of stratospheric overshoots causing water vapour anomalies of around 0,6 ppmv.This study demonstrates the ability of the anomaly method employed to highlight wave signatures or signatures of deep convection in the equatorial belt. It highlights the importance of waves in the set of measurements, as well as some extreme convective cases (cyclone Rai), which will need to be studied in detail in the near future
Blary, Flavien. "Caractérisation et modélisation de la turbulence optique en espace confiné." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4131/document.
Full textOptical turbulence and its impact on measured images is a well-known phenomenon in astronomy. Models based on the Kolmogorov theory, elaborated for a dynamical turbulence description, and methods, such as Adaptive Optics, were both developed so as to understand and correct the degradations caused by this turbulence. Analysis of the same phenomenon in indoor situation was however less investigated. The local air volume is nonetheless prone to optical perturbations sources which could have non negligible impacts on the measurements of instruments installed at proximity. This document introduces a first approach of indoor optical turbulence characterization. After the introduction of the studied phenomenon and the mathematical tools employed, this thesis present optical turbulence characterizations inside Thales Alenia Space clean rooms used for optical instrument integration and testing. Analyses inside telescope domes are also shown in this document. All the results were obtained using the INTENSE instrument which was developed during the thesis for optical turbulence characterizations using angle of arrival fluctuations of laser beams. In anticipation for future ameliorations of optical turbulence analysis methods, a chapter of this thesis is dedicated to the work made on a turbulence energy profile extraction and its application on the INTENSE instrument. Conclusions and perspectives of the work made during this thesis are presented at the end of the document
Gousset, Silvère. "Optimisation d'un système d'Optique Adaptative pour l'observation de l'espace et mise en oeuvre d'un détecteur proche infra-rouge innovant en analyse de front d'onde." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. https://hal.science/tel-01297334.
Full textAdaptive Optics (AO) allows the correction of the atmospheric effects on the images. This technic is today mature in astronomy. However the future systems require more advanced developments to increase sky coverage. In that, recent Avalanche PhotoDiodes (APD) arrays are promising by providing possible low flux wave-front sensing from visible to near infra-red. Other applications are also searching for take advantage of AO, like space observation or free space optical telecommunications. The integration of the ODISSEE AO bench at the OCA provides a sky acces for new concepts validation in many fields. We present in this PhD thesis the approach to calibrate and optimize the bench. We carry out a detailed analysis of error sources from a complete characterization of the system and of its results in operation, supported by a fitted modeling. These works enable guide future bench optimization works, and represent a gain in terms of operability for space observation and telecom, where ODISSEE has an unique status in Europe. In parallel we prepare the implementation of APD array for Wave-Front Sensing (WFS), by studying the RAPID camera. This involves analysing the impact of cosmetic and Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN) propagation on WFSensing in AO. Therefore we propose a FPN modeling and its propagation in AO. These works allow to design an optimize a RAPID wave-front sensor, taking advantage of the major breakthrough of APD arrays for AO
Al-Sakka, Hassan. "Contribution à l'étude de la couche limite en ciel clair et sous la précipitation à partir du radar en bande X, CURIE (Canopée Urbaine Radar pour l'étude des Interactions et des Echanges)." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681678.
Full textVeysset, François. "Modélisation et identification de comportements de l'avion en vol turbulent par modèles à retards." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00116673.
Full textdécomposé en différents éléments que sont le fuselage, l'aile et l'empennage. Le modèle obtenu incorpore les effets instationnaires modélisés par l'intermédiaire de fonctions de Küssner et des retards clairement explicités.
Des résultats en simulations confrontant le modèle développé à de récents travaux de modélisation (thèse de Carine Jauberthie à l'ONERA) mettent en évidence l'apport de la prise en compte de ces phénomènes dans la modélisation. La comparaison avec les essais expérimentaux montre que les tendances observées dans la réalité se confirment pour notre modèle.
Une méthode d'identification algébrique initiée par Fliess et Sira-Ramirez en 2003 a été étendue aux systèmes à retards. Cette technique basée sur le formalisme des distributions permet d'identifier certains retards et paramètres de notre modèle.
Munoz, Esparza Domingo. "Multiscale modelling of atmospheric flows: towards improving the representation of boundary layer physics." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209363.
Full textPrior to the development of the multiscale numerical methodology, one-year of sonic anemometer and wind LiDAR measurements from the FINO1 offshore platform are analyzed. A comprehensive database of offshore measurements in the lowest 250 m of the boundary layer is developed after quality data check and correction for flow distortion effects by the measurement mast, allowing the characterization of the offshore conditions at FINO1. Spectral analysis of high frequency sonic anemometer measurements is used to estimate a robust averaing time for the turbulent fluxes that minimizes non-universal contributions from mesoscale structures but captures the contribution from boundary layer turbulence, employing the Ogive function concept. A stability classification of the measurements is carried out based on the Obukhov length. Results compare well to other surface layer observational studies while vertical wind speed profiles exhibit the expected stability-dependency.
Although NWP models have been extensively used for weather forecasting purposes, a comprehensive analysis of its suitability to meet the wind energy requirements needs to be carried out. The applicability of the WRF mesoscale model to reproduce offshore boundary layer characteristics is evaluated and validated against field measurements from FINO1. The ability of six planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterizations to account for stability effects is analyzed. Overall, PBL parameterizations are rather accurate in reproducing the vertical structure of the boundary layer for convective and neutral stabilities. However, difficulties are found under stable stratifications, due to the general tendency of PBL formulations to be overdiffusive and therefore, not capable to develope the strong vertical gradients found in the observations. A low-level jet and a very shallow boundary layer cases are simulated to provide further insights into the limits of the parameterizations.
Large-eddy simulations (LES) based on averaged conditions from a convective episode at FINO1 are conducted to understand the mechanisms of transition and equilibration that occur in turbulent one-way nested simulations. The nonlinear backscatter and anisotropy subgrid scale model with a prognostic turbulent kinetic energy equation is found to be capable of providing similar results when performing one-way nested large-eddy simulations to a reference stand-alone domain using periodic lateral boundary conditions. A good agreement is obtained in terms of velocity shear and turbulent fluxes of heat and momentum, while velocity variances are overestimated. A considerable streamwise fetch is needed following each domain transition for appropriate energy levels to be reached at high wavelengths and for the solution to reach quasi-stationary results. A pile-up of energy is observed at low wavelengths on the first nested domain, mitigated by the inclusion of a second nested domain with higher resolution that allows the development of an appropriate turbulent energy cascade.
As the final step towards developing the multiscale capabilities of WRF, the specific problem of the transition from meso- to micro-scales in atmospheric models is addressed. The challenge is to generate turbulence on inner LES domain from smooth mesoscale inflow. Several new methods are proposed to trigger the development of turbulent features. The inclusion of adequate potential temperature perturbations near the inflow boundaries of the LES domain results in a very good agreement of mean velocity profiles, variances and turbulent fluxes, as well as velocity spectra, when compared to periodic stand-alone simulations. This perturbation method allows an efficient generation of fully developed turbulence and is tested under a broad range of atmospheric stabilities: convective, neutral and stable conditions, showing successful results in all the regimes.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bénard, Pierre. "Analyse et amélioration d'une chambre de combustion centimétrique par simulations aux grandes échelles." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAM0018/document.
Full textDesigning a meso-scale combustion system remains a challenging scientific and technological issue. Increasing the surface-to-volume ratio promotes wall heat losses, reduces the residence time and turbulence intensity. The main objective of this thesis is to understand the physical phenomena involved in the centimetre-sized asymmetric whirl cubic burner of 8 x 10 x 8 mm3 (millimètre cube) and develop specific adapted numerical tools. The methane/air reactive flow is studied using detailed LES. While fuel and air are injected separately, combustion takes place in the premixed regime. However combustion is far from being complete, causing low combustion efficiency and significant emissions of pollutants. The second objective is to adapt in the best possible way the performances of this burner. Hydrogen enrichment of the fuel mixture showed significant efficiency enhancement and reduced pollutant emissions. Several other combustor geometries are also studied, paving the way for future improvement
Girard, Julien. "Validation sur le ciel du concept d'étoile laser polychromatique." Lyon 1, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/10/96/00/PDF/these_girard.pdf.
Full textThe atmospheric turbulence affects image quality and causes angular resolution losses at the focus of large ground based optical telescopes. Real time adaptive optics (AO) corrects wave front distortions measured with at least one bright reference source located within a tiny isoplanatic angle from the science object. At visible wavelengths, the probability to find one such natural star is ridiculously small. The laser guide star (LGS) solves the problem but the overall wavefront slope (referred here as tilt) remains undetermined. The Polychromatic Laser Guide Star will allow the use of AO with full sky coverage. Based on the tilt chromaticity, a multicolor reference spot is created in the upper atmosphere and the differential tilt is measured between two wavelengths to retrieve the tilt itself. In the present thesis, I describe ATTILA, an experiment designed to prove the feasibility of the concept in astronomical conditions. Observations carried on at Observatoire de HauteProvence on natural stars allowed us to establish the proportionality law that links the tilt and the differential tilt for the first time. A temporal monitoring of the two signals shows a good correlation. The accuracy obtained on the slope (about one Airy disk ) let us be optimistic for the future full ELP-OA demonstrator with lasers. This work required an in-depth characterization of a detector featuring the novel EMCCD technology as well as the implementation and tests of pendular seismometers dedicated to measure telescope angular vibrations
Leroy, Céline. "Analyse dynamique de la pollution de l'air dans la troposphère." Littoral, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DUNK0206.
Full textThe characterization and the forecast of air pollution episodes require a combined chemical and weather approach. So, in this work the relations between the meteorological situation and the air pollution. Thereby, a field campaign associating weather, micrometeorological and BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl-Benzene and Xylenes) compounds was carried out during six months in Dunkirk. Measurements of turbulent flows were used to evaluate the dispersive capacity of the atmosphere during anticyclonic and depressionary periods, front passages and sea breeze episodes. This study showed in particular that the sea breeze was responsible of the most important pollution episodes of the measurements period. In order to apprehend the three-dimensional dynamic aspect of the breeze and consequently, the pollution behaviour in altitude, the structure of a sea breeze episode was characterized from optical and acoustic teledetection instruments and numerical simulations. The study of the background pollution occured in the neighbouring of the monitoring site of the “Pic du Midi de Bigorre” (PDM) in the Pyrenees (France). Previous studies revealed an atypical behavior of the ozone cycle in summer period, resulting in a decline of ozone in the middle of day. In order to study experimentally the role of the local weather phenomena, the vertical profiles of the ozone and of the extinction coefficient were measured with a differential absorption lidar in the vicinity of the PDM
Giordano, Christophe. "Prédiction et optimisation des techniques pour l’observation à haute résolution angulaire et pour la future génération de très grands télescopes." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4136/document.
Full textWith the next generation of extremely large telescope having mirror with a diameter larger than 30m, it becomes essential to reduce the cost of observations and to improve their scientific efficiency. Moreover it is fundamental to build these huge infrastructures in location having the best possible optical quality. The purpose of my thesis is to bring a solution easier and more economical than before. I used the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the Trinquet-Vernin parametrization, which computes the values of the optical turbulence, to forecast a couple of hours in advance the evolution of the sky optical quality along the coming night. This information would improve the management of observation program, called "flexible scheduling", and thereby reduce losses due to the atmospheric variations. Our results and improvements allow the model us WRF-TV to have a good agreement between previsions and in-situ measurements in different sites, which is promising for a real use in an observatory. Beyond the flexible scheduling, we wanted to create a tool to improve the search for new sites or site testing for already existing sites. Therefore we defined a quality parameter which takes into account meteorological conditions (wind, humidity, precipitable water vapor) and optical conditions (seeing, coherence time, isoplanatic angle). This parameter has been tested above La Palma in Canary island showing that the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos is located close to the best possible location of the island. Finally we created an automated program to use WRF-TV model in order to have an operational tool working routinely
Payet, Sandra. "Analyse de l'oxy-combustion en régime dilué par simulation des grandes échelles de la turbulence." Rouen, INSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ISAM0006.
Full textGirard, Julien. "VALIDATION SUR LE CIEL DU CONCEPT D'ETOILE LASER POLYCHROMATIQUE." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00106328.
Full textHarder, Stephan. "Reconstruction de la réponse impulsionnelle du système d'optique adaptative ADONIS à partir des mesures de son analyseur de surface d'onde et étude photométrique de la variabilité des étoiles YY Orionis." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00686688.
Full textDamay, Pierre. "Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de dépôt sec des aérosols submicroniques en milieu naturel : influence de la granulométrie, des paramètres micrométéorologiques et du couvert." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00558201.
Full textCambra, Rémi. "Etude des flux turbulents à l'interface air-mer à partir de données de la plateforme OCARINA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV024.
Full textExchanges of heat and momentum at the air-sea interface play a major role in the formation and the dynamics of water and air masses. In spite of decades of research, we still need to improve our knowledge of these exchanges, and more specifically our knowledge of turbulent fluxes, which are key variables in meteorological and climate models. In these models, sub-grid turbulent processes, thus turbulent fluxes also have to be modeled, which is mostly done with the Monin-Obukhov (1954, MOS hereafter) similarity theory. However, on the one hand, the use of a model implies that coefficients have to be adjusted. On the other hand, the model itself may require improvements. Unfortunately, obtaining flux estimates that have a good accuracy is a challenging effort, because of the intrusive effect of the platform, the limited accuracy the instruments, and because the instruments have their own sampling volume.Our study focuses on the estimation of turbulent fluxes at sea from measurements made with the new OCARINA platform (autonomous trimaran) during two campaigns : STRASSE 2012 and AMOP 2014. We analyze the characteristics of turbulence in the surface boundary layer, we estimate the turbulent fluxes by different methods, and compare the values of fluxes depending on environmental conditions, taking into account the sea state
Cambra, Rémi. "Etude des flux turbulents à l'interface air-mer à partir de données de la plateforme OCARINA." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV024/document.
Full textExchanges of heat and momentum at the air-sea interface play a major role in the formation and the dynamics of water and air masses. In spite of decades of research, we still need to improve our knowledge of these exchanges, and more specifically our knowledge of turbulent fluxes, which are key variables in meteorological and climate models. In these models, sub-grid turbulent processes, thus turbulent fluxes also have to be modeled, which is mostly done with the Monin-Obukhov (1954, MOS hereafter) similarity theory. However, on the one hand, the use of a model implies that coefficients have to be adjusted. On the other hand, the model itself may require improvements. Unfortunately, obtaining flux estimates that have a good accuracy is a challenging effort, because of the intrusive effect of the platform, the limited accuracy the instruments, and because the instruments have their own sampling volume.Our study focuses on the estimation of turbulent fluxes at sea from measurements made with the new OCARINA platform (autonomous trimaran) during two campaigns : STRASSE 2012 and AMOP 2014. We analyze the characteristics of turbulence in the surface boundary layer, we estimate the turbulent fluxes by different methods, and compare the values of fluxes depending on environmental conditions, taking into account the sea state