Academic literature on the topic 'Turkish Love poetry'
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Journal articles on the topic "Turkish Love poetry"
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Yilmaz, Arif, and Mustafa Çiçek. "A Classification Essay on Islamic Poetry in New Turkish Literature." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 9 (April 26, 2024): e06445. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n9-008.
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Objectives: The objectives of this study are to define Islamic poetry, explore its analytical methodology, and provide examples that illustrate its thematic concepts within modern Turkish poetry. Methods: To achieve these objectives, the study employs the document analysis method, which is a qualitative research approach. The analysis focuses on modern Turkish poetry, examining examples across eight distinct categories of Islamic poetry. Results: The analysis of Islamic poetry within modern Turkish literature reveals its diverse manifestations across various thematic categories. These include Islamist Poetry, Turkish-Islamic Poetry, Sufi Poetry, Islamic Mystical Poetry, Islamic Metaphysical Poetry, Islamic Cultural Poetry, Religious Poetry, and Islamic Romantic Love Poetry. Each category is exemplified with a poem, showcasing the rich tapestry of Islamic sensibility, motivation, and thematic concepts present in modern Turkish poetry. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights the enduring influence of Islam on Turkish poetry, both historically and in contemporary times. Through the exploration of Islamic poetry across different thematic categories, the study illustrates the depth and breadth of Islamic sensibility within modern Turkish literature. The researchers' conclusions drawn from the analysis further contribute to our understanding of the role of Islamic poetry in shaping cultural and literary discourse in Turkey.
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Juraev, Zuhriddin, and Young Jin Ahn. "Illumination of Divine Love: Rediscovering the Hikmats of Sufi Ahmad Yasawi." Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam 25, no. 2 (December 28, 2023): 193–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/afkar.vol25no2.6.
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Divine love, rooted in religious and spiritual traditions, remains relevant today as it represents unconditional, selfless love and fosters empathy, compassion, and understanding among individuals. Embracing the principles of divine love can promote unity, tolerance, and interdependence, fostering global harmony and peace. This study uses a philosophical framework to examine the complex concept of divine love, specifically looking at the historical development and subtle meanings of love-related terms in Islamic Sufi literature. Special attention is given to Sufi poetry, specifically the works of the renowned mystic Shaykh Ahmad Yasawi and his 12th-century collection, Devon-i Hikmat or Hikmats, which are highly respected in Turkish culture. The research explores the stages of love and offers philosophical interpretations to understand the complex implications and profound nature of this concept. This study enhances our understanding of Sufi literature’s perspective on divine love by emphasizing its enduring significance as a universal and timeless facet of human experience that transcends temporal and cultural boundaries. Consequently, it fosters a profound understanding and appreciation for the enduring themes and cultural heritage found in Turkic Sufi poetry. The research highlights the lasting significance of divine love and the cultivation of deep respect for the timeless themes and rich cultural heritage found in Turkic Sufi poetry.
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ZAFER, Zeynep. "REVIVED FROM THE ASHES (THE POETRY OF MEFKURE MOLLOVA)." Ezikov Svyat volume 20 issue 3, ezs.swu.v20i3 (October 20, 2022): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v20i3.14.
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Mefkure Mollova, known as a scholar in Turkology, was the first poetess to publish poems in the periodic print in Turkish language in Bulgaria and the only woman who was fortunate to issue a solo poetic collection (1964). She emerges as the most sensitive of the time, whose work boldly touches on the intimate corners of the Turk's mentality and emotionality, to questions and problems close to all women. The sophistication of her work excites young women and crumbles the walls of the traditional taboo. Her contemporaries are delighted with the talent of the beautiful poetess and the "freedom" of her speech, she is perceived as the Turkish Bagryana, almost all young Turkish intelligents were in love with her. Suffocated by the repression of the socialist dictatorship, she was forced to give up poetry. Her work is not known outside the circles of the Turkish readership of the 1950s and 1960s, and like most Turks-poets she remains unknown to the Bulgarian readership. The article also presents the first translations of her poems in Bulgarian.
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Sabir qızı Abdullayeva, Gülər. "Fuzuli and Galib poetry in similar genres." SCIENTIFIC WORK 80, no. 7 (July 17, 2022): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/80/62-66.
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XVIII əsr Türk sufi şairi Şeyx Qalib Fizuli ənənələri davam və inkişaf etdirən şairlərdən biri olmuşdur. Bu iki sənətkarı birləşdirən ortaq xüsusiyyət onların eyni mövzu və janrlarda şeirlər yazmasıdır. Qalibin qəzəl janrında yazdığı şeirlər Füzulinin qəzəllərini xatırladır. Şeyx Qalib divanında Füzuliyə həsr olunmuş şeirlər arasında təxmislərlər xüsusi yer tutur. Bu onu göstərir ki, hər iki şairin əsərlərində forma və məzmun baxımından ortaq xüsusiyyətlər vardır. Mövzu baxımından hər iki şairin yaradıcılığında məhəbbət mövzusu öndə gedən yerlərdən birini tutur. İlahi eşqi sonsuz məhəbbətlə tərənnüm edən bu şairlər dünya eşqinin əzabını yaşamış və tale yüklü bir ömür yaşayaraq ilahi eşq yaşantılarını şeirə çevirə bilmişlər. Məqalədə hər iki şairin qəzəl janrında yazdığı şeirlər müqayisəli şəkildə təhlil olunur. Açar sözlər:Məhəmməd Füzuli,Türk ədəbiyyatı, Şeyx Qalib, qəzəl, ilahi eşq Gular Sabir Abdullayeva Fuzuli and Galib poetry in similar genres Abstract The eighteenth-century Turkish Sufi poet Sheikh Galib Fuzuli is one of the poets who continued and developed the traditions. The common denominator that unites these two artists is their theme in terms of both theme and genre. His poems in the ghazal genre are reminiscent of Fuzuli's ghazals. Among the poems dedicated to Fizuli in Sheikh Galib's divan, takhmis have a special place. This shows that both poets have common features in their work in terms of form and content. From the point of view of the theme, the theme of love occupies a leading place in the works of both poets. These poets, who sang of divine love with infinite love, experienced the sufferings of worldly love and were able to turn their emotional turmoil into poetry by living a life full of destiny. The article describes in detail the subject matter of the ghazals of both poets. Key words: Turkish literature, Sheikh Galib, Muhammad Fuzuli, divine love, ghazal
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Mohammed Hussein AL-JUBOURI, Hazim. "A LITERARY ANALYSIS OF LOVE POEMS BY ÖZDEMIR ASAF." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 05, no. 04 (July 1, 2023): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.24.16.
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Özdemir Asaf is considered one of the most important poets in the Turkish Literature in the twentieth century. He was born on 11th of June, 1923 in Ankara and died on 28th of January 1981 after a life lasted for 57 years. His grave is in AĢiyan Asri in Istanbul. He was famous in the Turkish literature during the republic period especially in National Literature. Although her published several short stories, he was well-known by his poetry that won several prizes and left a great influence among Turkish Nation. One of the best works among Özdemir Asaf’s poetry is Love poems published under the title Lafinia which includes 70 short poems. These poems collected some of his literary works and published them in a book by Paynar Akenci after several years after his death. Lafinia or Love Poems express its scope of importance in a way that reflects its title according to what has been written. The collection of poems were considered of high importance and one of the most well-read and published poems which makes them more brilliant. Literature is an attempt of writing including all discourses that must use a literary diction. In addition, literature has several types such as poetry, novel, short story, and drama. What makes the writings of the poet distinctive is his use of a high level of literary diction. The poetry of the poet is divided into several types like poetry, novel, short story, and drama. The common and unique point of all of his literary writings, as mentioned above, is that they have been written carefully both literary and technical in that period. The poet was considered a simple productive writer by his close use of ordinary daily life language faraway from the difficult academic language. Moreover, he uses the common aesthetic side. By nature, man hives a two-dimensional life. He has two different sides in his life, materialistic and spiritual. Man is materialistic by supporting his life, and spiritual by feelings and emotions. In addition, the psychological aspects that deal with the internal side of man like sadness, happiness, dejection, reproach, ecstasy, anger and surprise are concepts that cannot be completely described and difficult to interpret. Although there were different courses to understand such feelings, the literary interpretation is one of the most essential methods. In fact, poetry is spiritual shows the spiritual effect and it is a deep and sensitive expression of these effects. It is clear in the poetry of our poet by transforming the spiritual air into words through the diction of poetry. Özdemir Asaf is one of professors of poetry which expresses feeling and emotions. The basis of the subject of the research is a literary analysis of the love poems by the poet Özdemir Asaf. He is one of the poets whom we can see their literary style in its powerful meaning in all of the poems. The main subject of our research paper is this concept. We introduce the life of the poet Özdemir Asaf and his literary personality as well as his writings as he is considered one of the important poets in the twentieth century. We will give a detailed interpretation of the book of Love poems – Lafinia in its literary concept by introducing a literary analysis for Love poems of Özdemir Asaf.
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Mohammed QANBAR, Rana. "ASSERTIVE ADJECTIVES IN THE FORBIDDEN LOVE (AŞK-I MEMNU) BY HALID ZIYA UŞAKLIGIL." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 4 (May 1, 2021): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.4-3.31.
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Despite the fact that it has been over seven decades since the passing of the famous Turkish writer Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil (1865-1945), his fame has continued till now due to the writer's unique and remarkable literary works in poetry as well as in novel, storytelling as he was familiar with European literature, particularly French, cultural and intellectual movements. Halid Ziya is considered one of the first writers who adopts European style in his writings and his novel The Forbidden Love 1900 (Aşk-ı Memnu in the original) often considered his masterpiece. It is the first and greatest novel in the history of Turkish literature through which the writer shows his good linguistic knowledge proficiently concerning the configuration and vocabularies of Turkish language and its accurate details. The Forbidden Love has been numerously studied and filmed as a TV-series. And originally written and first published in Turkish. In brief, words in Turkish are formed through a system of affixes attached to word stems. The writer frequently uses assertive adjectives in his novel in order to give a meaningful sense of the word. The aim of this paper is to study the assertive adjectives in The Forbidden Love by Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil
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John Taylor. "Poetry Today: A Panorama of Turkish Love Poetry: Birhan Keskin and Other Contemporary Women Poets." Antioch Review 72, no. 1 (2014): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.7723/antiochreview.72.1.0184.
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Toltay, F. "Protest Scenes in the Poetry of Muhammed Salih." Iasaýı ýnıversıtetіnіń habarshysy 126, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2022-4/2664-0686.10.
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This article examines the appearance of protest elements in the poetry of Muhammed Salih, an Uzbek poet, a representative of the «Metaphorist school» in Soviet Uzbek literature and the founder of protest and emigration poetry. In order to clarify this issue from all angles, the poet's protest poems were classified into two macrogroups: Soviet Union period (anti-Sovietism) and post-Soviet period protest (post-anti-Sovietism). The protest motif in the poet Salih's poetry can be noted as a new facet of the research work in the context of this article for the first time in the literature of Kazakhstan. In the first part of the article, the problem of nationalism (Turkism) and anti-Sovietism, which have become the main theme in M. Salih's work in the last forty years, was comprehensively analyzed. By using several literary methods, the characteristics of anti-Soviet protest, longing for independence and the achievement of sovereignty in the poet's poems were determined. The object and subject of the leitmotif «awakening» were studied in such poems as «Mother's Word», «Mouse in the Cage», «Awakening» written in this period. Focusing on the physics and metaphysics of the poems, the influence of the literature of the modernists before him was discussed. Special attention was paid to the beauty of allegory and metaphor in his poems and the peculiarity of writing, the meaning hidden in the surface of his poetry. The use of symbols and motifs characteristic of the classicist literature in the poet's poems was studied. In the second part of the article, the feature of protest poetry in the post-Soviet Republic of Uzbekistan was studied. On the basis of M. Salih's poetry, the expression of critical ideas and values such as independence, civil society, freedom of speech, and human rights were analyzed. The process of development of emigration literature in modern Uzbek literature was differentiated based on the poet's poems such as «Strange tree», «Love of the enemy of the people for the homeland», «Prayer of the exiled exile». The characteristics of Salih's poetic nature were comprehensively demonstrated. The influence of the poet's political and literary life in emigration was analyzed in a comparative and synergistic aspect. In M. Salih's protest poetry, the themes of Turkish unity and independence of Turkestan, which are of special importance, are partially connected with his nationalist (Turkish) poems. In the framework of such studies, an analytical forecast was made for the development of protest literature in modern Uzbek literature, the topics and issues raised, poetic power, and influence in the formation of civil society. The article focuses on the manifestations of protests during the Soviet Union and the post-Soviet period in M. Salih's works, and his poems are studied from several angles. His struggle for justice and his contribution to world knowledge were also taken into consideration.
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Mohammed HUSSEIN, Hazim, and Wafaa Jabbar SALMAN. "WESTERN PORTRAYAL IN “FORBIDDEN LOVE” BY HALID ZIYAUŞAKLIGIL JOINT RESEARCH PAPER." International Journal of Education and Language Studies 04, no. 03 (September 1, 2023): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.3-4.4.
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The great Turkish writer Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil, who lived between 1865 to 1945, kept his literary fame for decades after his death. This came as a result of his contribution in the modern Turkish Literature. The reason behind this fame is due to his unique works. HalidZiya is considered one of the most important Turkish writers in the twentieth century. He enriched the Turkish literature with several literary works. He is considered in the first position among writers and authors because of the variety of his writing in addition to poetry, especially in the field of writing novels, and short stories. This variety came, in the first place, as a result of his passion toward French literature and the impact of it on him. He had a good knowledge of the western literature. He is considered on of the first Turkish novelists who wrote in the European (Western) style. He wrote literary works that bear the western literature concept. Halid Ziya occupied a high position in the field of prose. He became famous after publishing his novel “Aşk-ı Memnû” or “Forbidden Love”. It is considered one of the most important work among his novels in the history of modern Turkish Literature. Halid Ziya owned a good knowledge in the structure of the Turkish literature and its directions. The novel “Forbidden Love” is considered the best example in the field of literature because it showed his wide scope of knowledge successfully. He explored in this novel a detailed and analytical study of the Turkish grammar. We depend mainly in our research paper on this novel. It studies the different changes in time in the novel which is clear in the field of prose and the artistic work in the TV series nowadays. The novel “Forbidden Love” embodied main characters who are Nihal, Bahlool, Bihter, Adnan, and Basheer. The novel revolved on
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Hijran Valiyeva, Farida. "BINARY MODEL OF LOVE IN TURKISH POETRY OF 13-15-TH CENTURY." Azerbaijan Journal of Educational Studies 2, no. 2 (2020): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/edu.313.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Turkish Love poetry"
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Mignon, Laurent J. N. "The beloved unveiled : continuity and change in modern Turkish love poetry (1923-1980)." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2002. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29550/.
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The thesis explores the ideological aspect of modern Turkish love poetry by focusing on the works of major poets and movements between 1923 and 1980. The approach to the theme of love was metaphorical and mystical in classical Ottoman poetry. During the period of modernisation (1839-1923), poets either rejected the theme of love altogether or abandoned Islamic aesthetics and adopted a Parnassian approach arguing that love was the expression of desire for physical beauty. A great variety of discourses on love developed during the republican period. Yahya Kemal sets the theme of love in Ottoman Istanbul and mourns the end of the relationship with the beloved who incarnates his conservative vision of national identity. The Five Syllabists contrast treacherous and sensual love in the city with pure and simple love in the Anatolian countryside, thus reflecting the Anatolianism of the nationalist intelligentsia. Nazim Hikmet approaches the theme from a variety of angles. He explores the links between love and human solidarity and humanises the beloved by writing about her in a realistic context. The Bizarre movement discusses the theme of love in the framework of its subjective realism and focuses more on the effects of love on the individual than on love itself Socialist poets do not approach the theme uniformly but all of them advocate a socially engaged realism and are opposed to the individualism of Bizarre. The movement of the Second Renewal equates love with sexuality and explores its impact on human relationships. Islamist poets too adopt a realist stance. They abandon the idealised gardens of the divan tradition and go on a mystical quest in the harshness of everyday reality. The ideological convictions of all these movements and poets are mainly expressed in the choice of setting of the relationship, in the image of the beloved and in the definition of love.
Books on the topic "Turkish Love poetry"
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Fehmî, İşkodralı İbrahim. İşkodralı İbrahim Fehmî divanı: (İnceleme - Metin - Tıpkıbasım). Istanbul: Kitabevi, 2019.
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Yastı, Mehmet. Fağfûr-nâme: Fağfûr-şâh ile Mâh-perî (inceleme - metin - sözlük - ekler dizini - tıpkıbasım). Konya: Palet Yayınları, 2020.
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Armutlu, Sadık. Klâsik Fars ve Türk edebiyatında Şem'ü pervâne mesnevileri. Erzurum: Fenomen Yayıncılık, 2018.
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editor, Armutlu Sadık, ed. Şem' ü Pervane: (inceleme - metin). İstanbul: Kitabevi, 2020.
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Kâmil, Mer'aşî Mustafa. Maraşlı Mustafa Kâmil Güfte-i Kâmil. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı, 2018.
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Kappler, Matthias. Türkischsprachige Liebeslyrik in griechisch-osmanischen Liedanthologien des 19. Jahrhunderts. Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 2002.
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Kaleoğlu, Mehmet Asaf. Kamûs-ı aşk, divan şiirinde sevdâ sözcükleri. Istanbul: Dönence, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Turkish Love poetry"
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Kalpaklī, Mehmed, and Walter G. Andrews. "Layla Grows Up: Nizami’s Layla and Majnun “in The Turkish Manner”." In The Poetry of Nizami Ganjavi: Knowledge, Love, and Rhetoric, 29–49. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-09836-8_3.
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Taylor, John. "A Panorama of Turkish Love Poetry: Birhan Keskin and Other Contemporary Women Poets." In A Little Tour through European Poetry, 139–46. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315083391-19.
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Smolyaninova, Marina G. "The poet and educator, Petko R. Slaveykov." In Materials for the virtual Museum of Slavic Cultures. Issue II, 229–32. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0440-4.40.
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The article is devoted to Petko Rachev Slaveykov (1827–95), the Bulgarian educator, poet, publicist, public figure and fighter for the independence of the Bulgarian church. It is possible to track the development of Bulgarian literature of his time through his creative output. He wrote lives, didactic works, published poetry collections with sentimental themes on love and landscape, and penned some fine poems. He made a major contribution to the creation of the Bulgarian fable. Besides that, he also wrote revolutionary songs which Bulgarians sang throughout the whole country during the periods of national liberation struggle against the Turks. After the liberation of Bulgaria from slavery as a result of Russo-Turkish war of 1877–78 Slaveykov devoted much of his attention to social and political work: he was the Chairman of the National Assembly (Bulgarian Parliament), the Minister of Education, the Minister of Internal Affairs.
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Sasso, Eleonora. "‘[S]elling old lamps for new ones’: D. G. Rossetti’s Restructuring of Oriental Schemas." In The Pre-Raphaelites and Orientalism, 11–36. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474407168.003.0002.
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The first chapter outlines Rossetti’s fascination with the East, as exemplified by his illustrations and paintings remediating the stories of the Arabian Nights. Rossetti illustrated the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad, Amine and Princess Parisad by employing the magical lamp of translation, fostering cultural diversity and Oriental pluralisms. By conceiving the East as a blended space, he produced Oriental ‘double works of art’ that blend together poetry and painting, East and West, and experiment with forms of Turkish and biblical Orientalism. Such conceptual metaphors as East is violence and love is destruction are projected on to Cassandra (1861) and Helen of Troy (1863), examples of Turkish Orientalism that remediate Oriental schemas by applying a tuning approach. Other Oriental double works of art, such as The Girlhood of Mary Virgin (1849), Ecce Ancilla Domini! (1849–50), The Beloved, or The Bride (1865), Astarte Syriaca (1876) and Mnemosyne (1881), represent Rossetti’s mental picture of biblical Orientalism. By restructuring a few variables of the Oriental biblical schema, and by blending Western female beauty with Eastern symbology, Rossetti creates an entirely new vision of the East.
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Fant, Clyde E., and Mitchell G. Reddish. "Mitylene." In A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139174.003.0016.
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The beautiful island of Mitylene, known also as Lesvos or Lesbos, serves only as a footnote in the biblical account of the journeys of the Apostle Paul, but its fine museums and splendid scenery make it well worth including in visits to the Greek islands. Noted since antiquity as a place of unusual warmth and sunshine, even in winter, this third largest of the Greek islands produces the finest olive oil in all of Greece. The interior of the island is mountainous and forested, and the northern side of the island, around picturesque Methymna, provides excellent beaches. Mitylene (also the name of the capital city) lies less than 10 miles off the Turkish coast. It can be reached by flights from Athens and Thessaloniki (approximately one hour); ferries also run from these ports, but the crossing time is 9–12 hours. There is a ferry that connects the island to Ayvalik, Turkey; Pergamum is only 35 miles inland. Until the 6th century B.C.E., when Pitticus, one of the Seven Sages of Greece, served as sole ruler of the island (r. 589–579 B.C.E.), the towns of Mitylene and Methymna struggled for dominance of the island. During this time Mitylene developed a strong maritime fleet, extended its commerce as far as Egypt, and achieved fame for its notable poets, Alcaeus and Sappho (6th century B.C.E.). The poetry of Sappho was greatly admired by both Solon and Plato, who called her the tenth Muse. An aristocrat who established a school for women at Mitylene, Sappho became world-famous, or infamous, because of her love poetry concerning women. Much of the ridicule directed toward her came from the Athenian comic poets, who lampooned the greater freedom given to women on Mitylene. In the 4th century B.C.E., the famous philosophers Aristotle and Epicurus both taught on Mitylene. Julius Caesar first won distinction as a military commander when the Romans invaded the island in the 1st century B.C.E. Over the following centuries the island suffered repeated invasions by one world power after another until 1462, when it was taken by the Turks, who retained possession of it until 1912.
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EROĞLU, SÜLEYMAN. "LÂMİÎ ÇELEBİ MEVLİD’İ." In VEFATININ 600. YILINDA SÜLEYMAN ÇELEBİ VE MEVLİD GELENEĞİ, 575–600. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53478/tuba.978-625-8352-50-4.ch26.
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Mevlid works have an important place in Turkish masnavi literature. The Muslim Turkish people sincerely revealed their deep love for the Prophet with the mevlid books that they most respected after the Qur’an. Mevlid masnavis, written in every period starting from the 15th century, has also been the interpreter of the love of the Prophet in the hearts of the Muslim Turkish people. One of the representatives of the tradition of writing mevlids, which started in the first years of the 15th century in Turkish literature, in the 16th century is Lamiî Çelebi. Lâmiî Çelebi, who lived in Bursa between 1472-1532 and devoted his life to writing, is one of the productive figures of Turkish literature. Lâmiî Çelebi, who produced a wide variety of works in terms of form and genre as well as in number, became known with the title of “Cami-i Rum” in time, mainly because of the works he translated from the Iranian poet Abdurrahman Cami. One of the works written by Lâmiî Çelebi, who has left behind many different types of copyright and translation works, is his masnavi, Mevlidü’r-Resul, which he wrote in the mevlid kind. In this study, Lâmiî Çelebi’s Mevlidü’r-Resul, which draws attention with its different and original aspect in terms of its content within the tradition of writing mevlid, is introduced.
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Ibrahim, Mahmoud A. "Al-Manfalouti, Mustafa Lutfi (1876–1924)." In Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism. London: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781135000356-rem1956-1.
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Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfalouti (1876–1924) is one of Egypt’s greatest modern prose writers and poets. He was born in the Upper Egyptian city of Manfalout to an Egyptian father and Turkish mother. He belonged to a noble family and his father and forefathers served as Sharia judges and heads of the Sufi Syndicates. He followed the steps of his fathers and memorized the entire Quran at a young age, and joined al-Azhar University in Cairo where he was taught by renowned scholars such as Sheikh Muhammad Abduh. His love of literature made him always inclined to reading literary works, especially those of al-Jahiz, al-Mutanabi and Abu al-`Ala’ al-Ma`arri.
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Pfeifer, Helen. "An Empire Polarized." In Empire of Salons, 200–233. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195230.003.0007.
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This chapter shows how the Ottoman policy of rotating officials, coupled with Arab efforts to seek support in Istanbul, had created a truly empire-wide network of patronage. Still, just as these relationships were solidifying, other aspects of the relationship between Arabs and Rumis shifted. As the economy slowed and competition for positions skyrocketed, Arabs, like other provincial scholars, found their access to the imperial elite to be increasingly restricted. Younger scholars no longer enjoyed the same independence and admiration that Badr al-Din al-Ghazzi did. Whereas Ghazzi taught Çivizade Mehmed, an Ottoman official from an esteemed Istanbul family, Ghazzi's student Hamawi joined the official's household as a scribe. Broader cultural shifts also led Arabs to lose some of their influence. Ottoman Turkish had gained in importance over the century, as had poetic and literary traditions in that language. Learned Arabs with only a basic knowledge of Turkish increasingly found themselves excluded from the salons in which those traditions were performed. Coupled with the increasing mastery of Arabic letters by Rumi elites, the visibility that Arabs in Ghazzi's generation had enjoyed began to fade.