Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Turquie – Politique et gouvernement'
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Celik, Nevzat. "Le nouveau paysage politique turc après la constitution de 1982." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100086.
Full textSince the 60's turkey faces a heavy exodus and an uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization. With the economic crisis in the mid 70's, the political ideologies radicalize. The army, claiming that it is the protector of the Kemalist values, comes to the power. All the political parties are dissolved. The army who holds the executive and the legislative power, refers the question of a new constitution to the people (91,3% yes), on November 7th, 1982. The army progressively restores democracy. This democracy is formal only: restriction of the fundamental rights, particularly the political ones; banishment of the political leaders. The "fatherland party", whose existence was not really accepted by the militaries, dominates the political life and wins the legislative elections in 1983. It advocates the free enterprise economy. They still have the majority at the first and really free legislative elections in 1987, but loose the legislative elections in 1991. Then, for the first time in turkey a coalition between the right side (the fair voice party) and a social democratic party (the populist social democratic party) forms. So that the generals have restored democracy, they have not put an end to the crisis of the Kemalist principles, whose secularism is the key element
Atuk, Esra. "Les partis de "vision nationale" : des partis "janus" dans le système politique turc." Grenoble 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE21018.
Full textPolitical parties are the unloved of democracy, but they are still essential to its operation. Often accused of breaking the social cohesion in order to gain power to uphold the ideas of a group, but also to obtain benefits for their leaders, they continue to be the main benchmark for voters to decide the winner of the game of political competition. Their study, whether monographic or compared, is a key to the researcher who wishes to understand the dynamics of the relationship between political system and society. Starting from the basic premise that "political parties are both agents of the conflict and the instruments of its integration", this thesis proposes a study of parties known as National View Parties (Milli Görüs) embodying for nearly fort y years, through their various avatars, a sort of Islamic revival in Turkey. The approach places a particular emphasis on the ideological and cultural production of these parties, as well as the reproduction of their ideology by their permanents and elites. The analysis is structured around the concept of "political project" (Daniel-Louis Seiler) and suggest to place this political movement, both by its discourse and its electoral implantation, in the system of the cleavages that divide Turkish society. In so doing, this thesis also proposes a rereading of the relationship between the actors of Turkish political system. The ultimate aim of this study is to show how, in their anti-system party identity, the National Vision Parties eventually contributed to the consolidation of Turkish democracy
Kaval, Musa. "Etude comparative des mouvements islamistes en Turquie, en Iran et en Egypte." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100012.
Full textIslamic movements in Turkey, Iran and Egypt are studied on the one hand in terms of the historical and political dimension of the modern of these countries and on the other hand through a historical and theological (Islamic) perspective. They are tms addressed as politico-religions forces opposed to the established order, based on a lay or secular conception of the state. The questions treated are principally the following : the decline of the old order, the process of modernization, but of contemporary political and ideological trends (in turkey, Iran and Egypt), the holding back of religion as support for modern states and the emergence of the idea of the creation of the Islamic state, factors in the appearance and reinforcement of Islamic movements, the problem of identity and reference; the conception of man and liberty; legitimate sovereignty and regime in accordance with these movements and their forms of action and organization. The approach taken is this study is to establish the similarities which unify these movements and the differences which separate them
Izol, Ramazan. "L'armée turque, conservatoire de la tradition kémaliste : contribution à l'étude des relations armée-pouvoir dans la Turquie contemporaine." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10015.
Full textErdoğan, Bariş. "Médias, pouvoirs et violence : gestion des oppositions kurde et islamiste en Turquie." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0051.
Full textDuring the last two decades of the 20th century, internal and external dynamics supported the rise to power of new ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious actors in Turkish public and politic space. Their greater visibility became increasingly threatening for the official ideology of the secular and national Republic, as well as for the privileged positions of "the establishement". Faced with this transformation, "the establishement", wich suports Turkey's integration into European and world institutions, tried to derail the rise of the new actors (who were rooted in political Islam and Kurdish nationalism), while respecting the institutional framework of Turkey's democracy. In order to marginalize all attempts to cultivate minority identities, " the establishement " manipulated the media - and by extension the general public. The purpose of this thesis is to show how the dominant official speeches and messages were produced and woven into the daily pratice of Turkish reporters and editors in the years 1980-1990. The thesis is based and analysis of newspapers from the period, discussions with journalists and the economic situation of the Turkish press. The analytical framework is intended to highlight the close and unequal interaction between authorities, media organizations and journalists. This thesis suggests that journalistic language, wich is unfavorable to Kurdish nationalist actors and political Islam, is related not only to various pressures exerted on journalists by military, political and economic forces, but is also related to journalistic habits, particularly of the elites who come almost exclusively from privileged social categories
Ulbay, Nazli. "Les affiches électorales en Turquie : le cas du Parti Républicain du Peuple (1923-1995)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010300.
Full textRaoult, Emmanuelle. "La Turquie : une puissance régionale en mal d'intégration." Lille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL20030.
Full textFrançois, Bernard. "Le modèle kémaliste : une réponse opérationnelle à l'échec relatif du développement en Afrique subsaharienne? Application au Burkina Faso." Paris, INALCO, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAL0010.
Full textSub-Saharan Africa could take advantage for its own economical development, of the analysis of the "Kemalist model" which had proved its efficiency in the transformation of an under developped Ottoman empire. The analysis of structural revolutions and Kemalist model deviations could be full of lessons for an Africa which faces from 30 years, a "classical" relative development failure. These lessons could be adaptable to Sub-Saharan Africa and would they welcome ? The political, economical and socio-cultural "black and grey" assessment of Sub-Saharan Africa situation is presented in the first part with a recall of the bilateral and multilateral relationships with its "natural" north, Europe. We examine in a second part the Kemalist models birth and growth, from its beginning to its present interpretation. We answer in the third part, to the following question : could this Kemalist model" be applicable in a Sub-Saharan country as Burkina Faso, which developed an original and revolutionary way near the Kemalist's one ? The post Kemalist Turkey, facing the unsuccessful "classical" development theories from ages and the potential risks of Islamic fundamentalism, could appear as a partner thanks to various socio-cultural and behavioural similarities. It is time to initiate a new partnership between the African and the Turkish world which both actually construct themselves now
Soguk, Eskiizmirliler Fatma Handan. "Les débats sur l'Europe en Turquie : la construction d'une nouvelle culture politique ?" Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010719.
Full textAydin, Utku Uraz. "Gauches, Libéralisme et Démocratie : Les Mutations des Intellectuels Turcs." Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0012.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze the different aspects of the emergence of a liberal democratic perspective - which is described as a process of de-radicalization - within Turkish left in the post-1980 period. The emergence of this democratic-liberal discourse among leftist intellectuals is placed in the context of revolutionary movements' defeat in the face of 1980 military coup and the construction of the hegemony of new right. Different critiques of Kemalist regime and the past of socialist movement in Turkey as well as democratization strategies formulated by this "left liberalism" are analyzed in their relations with the hegemonic reading of the Ottoman-Turkish historical development conventionally known as the thesis of "strong state tradition" which has supposed to prevent the emergence of an autonomous civil society. Our study also focuses on the transformations in the media and of the intellectuals in order to expose the rise of the liberal press after the mid 1990s. Outstanding intellectuals, who are the spokesmen of the liberal left movement, have contributed to the construction of a "democratic" discourse through their columns and newspaper articles. This discourse is deeply linked with the project of Turkey's adhesion in the European Union, which is constructed as a hegemonic project that would lead to a process of "normalization" of the political relations to be emancipated from military tutelage. The final chapter is reserved to the analysis of the political positionning and analyses of the "democratic intellectuals" on the basis of their columns in the course of two periods of political crisis and military interventions, namely 1996-1997 and 2007-2008
Elmas, Hasan Basri. "Les ambiguites de la politique europeenne de la turquie." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081195.
Full textTurkey's difficulties in becoming integrated to europe have their roots in the nature of the rapprochement between the two parties and in the evolution of turkey's domestic and foreign policy since 1945. Turkey's entry into the council of europe and nato shortly after world war ii and its association with the european economic community in 1963 were favored by the circumstances of the cold war. But after 1963, turkish foreign policy turned more toward the ussr and the middle east - this recentring of external turkish policy became specially important during the seventies and the eighties- ; europe was non longer the center of gravity of turkey's search for political and economic support. Although the greater emphasis laid on relations with middle eastern countries have been accompanied by a growing "islamization" of the country, the latter phenomenon cannot be entirely attributed to the former. In fact, the process of islamization began in the 1950s with the implementation of policies that broke with earlier secular reforms. The use of islam in electoral competition by the parties of the right, and the participation of the fundamentalist refah party in various governmental coalitions in the 1970s, served to legitimate this party as an autonomous political force. After the military takeover in 1980, the religious reference became institutionalized as an official ideology, the basis of the "rebuilding of national unity". These international and domestic developments have contributed to the weakening of turkish-european relations. Thus the formal association between turkey and the ec lost all its interest and failed to attain its objectives, all the more so because the community never dispayed a strong political will to integrate turkey. The recent turkish-european customs union agreement does not imply turkey's entry into the community but signals a new approach whereby europe has established a "strategic partnership" with turkey, seen as an element of stability in a zone of uncertainty. However, this approach does not take into account turkey's hegemonic and expansionist ambitions which, with the military treatment of the kurdish question and the problems of democracy and human rights in the country, are destined to condition the future of turkish-european relations
Têtu, Émilie. "La modernisation et l'occidentalisation de la Turquie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25770/25770.pdf.
Full textSahinler, Menter. "Origine, influence et actualité du kémalisme." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010512.
Full textBeing an empirical movement and not a dogmatical system, kemalism inscribes itself in the Turkish cultural heritage and at the issue of the Ottomanian reforms of the 19th century. In the decades of 1920 et 1930, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and his supporters have insured the independence of the Turkish nation and have established a republican dictatorship determined to impose the kamalist reforms. The aim of the government was the westernization of Turkey, in other words its secularization, its modernization and the creation of the necessary conditions for democracy. Nevertheless, the establishment of democracy in 1950 has coincided with a degradation of the acquirements of kemalism, and above all of the secularization, whence the intervention of the army, guarantor of the kemalist inheritance, in 1960. Kemalism in Turkey is exposed to the opposition of the radical Islamists who threaten democracy and secularization
Lüküslü, Gülden Demet. "La jeunesse turque actuelle : la fin du "mythe de la jeunesse"." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0110.
Full textThe post-1980 generation in Turkey marks a turning point in the history of youth in Turkey. This also signifies the end of the "myth" built around youth in Turkey having its roots going back to the Young Turk movement, a myth that the Turkis Republic had borrowed. Whereas the first and second generations of the Republic were above all politically-oriented, this generation, defined as the children of the coup d'Etat of 1980 and of liberalism, constitutes a stigma created particulary by the Turkish intellectuals : the post-1980 generation is defined as an apolitical generation marked by a wide apathy. Departing from a study of history of modern Turkey, we have developed a tri-generational analysis of researches conducted on this generation and 80 semi-directive interviews realized among young people of 18 to 25 years olds, we have tried to understand their daily experiences
Massicard, Élise. "Construction identitaire, mobilisation et territorialité politique : le mouvement aléviste en Turquie et en Allemagne depuis la fin des années 1980." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0050.
Full textSaglam, Musa. "L'expérience de la justice constitutionnelle en Turquie." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020005.
Full textMonceau, Nicolas. "Contribution à une sociologie politique des élites réformatrices : le cas de la Fondation d'histoire de Turquie : trajectoires, mobilisation, attitudes : 1980-2005." Grenoble 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE21023.
Full textMustafayev, Elshan. "Héritage ottoman et politique étrangère de la Turquie sous les gouvernements AKP." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2151.
Full textThis dissertation puts into perspective the influence of the Ottoman heritage on relations between Turkey and regional countries and shows the importance of this aspect in the analysis of Turkish foreign policy. Political actors with strong religious views have always been different from other in the political space due to their discourse glorifying the Ottoman past. They have developed a romantic vision of Ottoman history which, on the one hand, has always been out of academic research and official discourse in Turkey, and on the other, diametrically opposed to the dominant rhetoric in the other ancient Ottoman territories shared between some twenty countries. This research shows that AKP governments, which have ideological origins going back to these actors, have relied primarily on the nationalist and religious perception of history to develop a discourse on the rehabilitation of the Ottoman heritage in their foreign policies since 2002
Drechselová, Lucie. "Femmes et pouvoir local : processus d’engagement et trajectoires politiques féminines en Turquie." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH093.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the issue of women’s under-representation in local politics in contemporary Turkey. The intermediary level of politics – party presence in municipalities – is studied with a double approach distinguishing among political parties (AKP, CHP, MHP, and the pro-Kurdish HDP & DBP) as well as among cities (Izmir, Trabzon and Diyarbakır). The Anglo-American body of literature in political sociology is put into dialogue with the French research in the fields of sociology of mobilization, of political elites and of institutions. Gendered perspective is transversal to the whole thesis. Field work was done in 2014, 2015 and 2016 in Izmir, Trabzon and Diyarbakır and took the form of non-participant observation and semi-directed interviews with two hundred female municipal councilors and women holding an intra-party office. Conceptually, seeing parties as heterogeneous entities allows us to study exchanges that take place within the party hierarchy. The place and role of women in the candidate selection processes questions the artificial separation between the “local” and the “national”. Throughout the demonstration, it becomes clear that women’s profiles and political carriers are intrinsically linked to modalities of their access to electoral mandate, which in turn determines the ways in which women embody their role as elected figures. The distinctive party ethoses contribute to privilege specific individual and collective strategies over others. The research concludes with the finding that in order to understand the levels of women’s local representation as well as its modalities, the “party” criteria has bigger explanatory value than the localconfigurations, even though these two perspectives are in fine inseparable
Orhan, Mehmet. "La violence politique dans l'espace kurde de Turquie : fragmentations, mobilisations, participations et répertoires." Paris, EHESS, 2012. https://eu02.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/uresolver/33PUDB_IEP/openurl?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&portfolio_pid=5364169090004675&Force_direct=true.
Full textThis thesis is about political violence in the Kurdish space of Turkey. The use of political violence cannot be understood without making reference to different levels of explanation. Violence is both the cause and consequence of interrelations that take place among many actors who operate in three levels: between the state and Kurdish movements, among Kurdish groups, and between Kurdish parties and Kurdish society. There are at least four processes combined for signalling configurations of violence: fragmentation-segmentation, mobilization, participation, and repertoires. Fragmentation-segmentation signifies internal violence that takes place between two or amongst many Kurdish actors. Mobilization relates to the course leading to violence by the Kurdish movement. Participation explains the use of arms by individuals. Repertoires represent forms of political violence. All these factors are produced in a relationship of interdependence and result in political violence
Pérouse, Jean-François. "D'Angora à Ankara (1919-1950) : la naissance d'une capitale." Reims, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REIML004.
Full textAngora was just an average town (of only 20. 000 inhabitants) when it became the rear base of the turkish resistance to foreign occupation, at the end of 1919. On october, 13, 1923, for strategic, political and symbolical reasons, the city was promoted to the rank of capital of a new state (officially instituted on october, 29 of the same yaer) : the turkish republic. From that time on, becoming the showcase and the seat of a new power, angora experienced an unparalleled development which was more or less well supervised and organized. In this respect, one can distinguish between three different periods. From 1923 to 1928, no real coherent urban policies were followed : the municipality and the various ministries tried to face the housing crisis which was developing. From 1928 to 1938, after the organization of an "international competition for the construction of ankara", a global, ambitious and definitely modernist urban plan was worked out. Although the realization of this plan was attributed to a new "building departement" especially created on this occasion, it soon proved impossible to implement, for a lack of means and determination. After 1938, the authorities seemed to lose control on the urbanization process in favor of an expensive monumental policy. Consequently, in 1950, nearly half of the 260. 000 inhabitants of the new capital found accommodation in illegal buildings, in
Ege, Asli. "Entre États-Unis et Europe : le dilemme stratégique de "l'occidentalité turque"." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10025.
Full textIt is Turkey's westward orientation, which has been ruling this country's opening to regional opportunities since the end of the Cold War, be it in the Turkish-speaking world, in the Black Sea region or the Middle-East. But Ankara faces serious challenges in the reaching of that goal, due to the Ottoman tradition of a strong, centralized State which has identified itself to the nation since the proclamation of the Republic, thus granting the military excessive power in the name of national unity. However, the official ideology's perception of the nation as a homogeneous identify differs from the social reality of Turkey, which contains a variety of other ethnic and religious self-definitions, and from the pluralistic standards of western democracies. In a context, which at the same time still sees, the UE hesitating about Turkey's place in its identity definition the strategic alliance with the United States is both a confirmation od its western identity and a stress on its pivotal geopolitical position as a regional power. Facing its possible exclusion from the European construction, especially regarding security matters, Turkey sees NATO as the main ground for the affirmation of its western identity, even more so given its tense relations with Greece. The unsoved Cyprus and Aegean questions, Turkey's security and geopolitical orientations, the absence of a European vision on global geopolitical matters and the rigidity of its own domestic policies all make of Turkish western identity, between United States and the European Union, a strategic dilemma
Gangloff, Sylvie. "La Turquie et les Balkans depuis 1990 : relations bilatérales, politique régionale et influences extérieures." Phd thesis, Paris 1, 2000. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00592243.
Full textBabayigit, Salih. "L'immigration turque en France entre 1880-1980 : aspects politiques culturels et artistiques : les intellectuels turcs en France : aspects politique et culturels, sociabilités." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG023/document.
Full textStarting from the idea that France was for the Turks a land of refuge , discovery , learning and also inspiration, we asked to try to determine what they were able to initiate and s' interest in this country according to the different periods. It is established that between 1830-1856 , France was a country of military training for the Ottomans. Thereafter, it becomes a model for the administration of Tanzimat reformers , while the exiles began to make a forum for free expression. This suggests the following periods , as France has been a political, artistic or cultural resonance with the Turks . It draws a priori an initial period (1880-1914) when France is presented more as a political laboratory. During the second period (1925-1980) , France seems more itself as an artistic field due to the presence and influence of writers and especially painters
Şahin, Gerçek. "L' adhésion de la Turquie à l'Union européenne : enjeux et perspectives." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10012.
Full textOzdemirkiran, Merve. "Construire un Etat, briser des tabous : les hommes d'affaires de Turquie entre la construction étatique du Gouvernement régional du Kurdistan (GRK) et la politique étrangère de la Turquie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0023.
Full textBy examining the Turkey's businessmen (Turkish and Kurdish) activities in the autonomous Kurdish region in Irak, this this is analyzing the role of these businessmen in the State Building process of the Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) and in the relations between Turkey and KRG. It is analyzing also the political and social impact of this activities on the Turkey in the context of the Kurdish question. It emphasizes the evolution of the relations between Turkish state and the Kurdish minority through the initiatives of the businessmen
Alparslan, Mine. "Les modes de gouvernement des partis politiques en Turquie : l’exemple du Parti de la justice et du développement (AK Parti) et le Parti républicain du peuple (CHP) (2001-2010)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010316.
Full textNo English summary available
Falierou, Anastasia. "Le vêtement et les modes vestimentaires à Istanbul des Tanzimat jusqu'à la Turquie républicaine (1826-1925)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0103.
Full textThe thesis studies the processes of modernization in the way of life and their impact on the clothing question and styles of dressing across five different historical periods : the reign of Mahmud II (1808-1839), the Tanzimat era (1839-1876), the Hamidian era (1876-1909), the Young Turk period (1908-1918) and finally the first years of the Turkish Republic (1923-1925), up to the promulgation of the hat law. The developments in men's and women's clothing followed different chronological processes : for men, the changes began with the reforms of Mahmud II ; for the women of the harem changes did not appear before the 1860s, and for those of the middle class, even later. Despite the gap in chronology, men's and women's clothing styles are mirrors on the surface of wich gender identities are constructed. Clothing molds the body and transforms nature into cultural identity. It is my hypothesis that the evolution of Ottoman clothing styles was a result of changes in the notions of masculinity and feminity an the emergence of a new aesthetic ideal
Yusifov, Shahin. "La Turquie dans la politique de l'Azerbaïdjan en 1992-1998 : aspects politique, institutionnel et sécuritaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG011.
Full textThe collapse of the USSR at the end of the twentieth century has been followed by the creation of fifteen new independent States in the large Eurasian territory. Such is the case of Azerbaijan, which has declared its independence in 1991. Thanks to its geographical position and energy resources (oil and gas) Azerbaijan occupies a geopolitically strategic position and is subject to a geopolitical « game », which implies both regional (Turkey) and great world powers (such as the US, EU and Russia). Consequently, Azerbaijan has adopted a multi-vector foreign policy with its neighbors. Among its neighbors, Turkey, sharing a common history, language, religion and traditions has an important place in the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. In terms of the geopolitical « game », this thesis analyses the relations between Azerbaijan and Turkey. It is based on three axes, as these are the main pillars of bilateral relations between both states. These are political, institutional (commercial) and strategic (security)
Serdaroglu, Ozan. "La politisation des entrepreneurs turcs et leur participation au processus d'intégration de la Turquie dans l'Union européenne : le cas de TÜSIAD." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32086.
Full textSince the end of the 1990S, Turkish political life has been markedly influenced by the growing importance of TOSiAD, an entrepreneurs' association which calls for a transformation of the political regime/political system. The association advocates a new, more democratic political system, referring to the reforms expected by the European institutions in the course of / as part of the EU integration process of Turkey. This situation is at odds with the initial goals of the association. TUSIAD was founded by leading entrepreneurs with the aim of promoting "free entrepreneurship" in Turkey, in a situation where businessmen felt "threatened" by the risk of an anti-liberal economy and/or an economy that could be overly controlled by political leaders. This thesis analyses how this association, which originally aimed at defending entrepreneurs' interests, ended up upholding political and legal reforms aiming at the europeanization of the Turkish political system - and consequently, of Turkey. We also explore the factors of legitimacy this approach was based on
Erdinç, Işil. "Syndicats, partis, Etat sous le gouvernement AKP (2002-2015) : contribution à l’analyse des dynamiques interchamps." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D089.
Full textThis thesis studies the relationship between the trade union field and the political field in Turkey under the government of the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) from 2002 to 2015. Joining the discussion around Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, it aims to understand how homologies between social fields are constructed and how fields are becoming autonomous. This research is primarily based on fieldwork that involves observation and nearly a hundred semi-structured interviews in the three labour union confederations (DİSK, Hak-İş, Türk-İş), conducted between December 2011 and April 2014. Under the AKP government, the transfers and alliances between trade unions and political parties enable their coherence. The intervention of the AKP government reinforces and accelerates these transfers, and transforms the trade union field. Thus, the correspondent of the dominant actor in the political field becomes the dominant actor in the trade union field. The influence of political cleavages on trade union strategies increases. Being for or against the AKP government becomes the main axis of union competition. These homologies do not yet happen in the same way at all scales. The local (sectorial and territorial), and even international dynamics generate a plurality of configurations. Autonomous spaces for resistance for trade unions emerge at the local level
Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de 2002-2015 yılları arasındaki AKP hükümetleri döneminde sendikal alanve siyasal alan arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Pierre Bourdieu’nün alan teorisi etrafında, alanlararasındaki benzerliklerin nasıl oluştuğu ve alanların nasıl özerkleştiği açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.Araştırma, 2011 Aralık ve 2014 Nisan tarihleri arasında üç işçi sendikası konfederasyonunda(DİSK, Hak-İş, Türk-İş) gerçekleştirilen gözlem ve yüze yakın yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesinegörüşmelerden oluşan saha çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. AKP döneminde sendikal alan ve siyasalalan birbirine benzeşmeye başlamıştır. Sendika ve siyasi gruplar arasında var olan yakınlaşmalariki alan arasında çeşitli kaynak alışverişleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. AKP hükümetinin sendikalişleyiş üzerindeki müdahalesi, devlet eliyle, bu süreci hızlandırarak sendikal alanıdönüştürmektedir. Siyasal ayrışmaların sendikal stratejiler üzerindeki etkisi artmakta, sendikal alankutuplaşmaktadır. Siyasal alandaki hakim aktörün sendikacılıktaki karşılığı kendi alanının hakimaktörü haline gelmektedir. AKP hükümetine karşı olmak veya olmamak sendikal rekabetinbelirleyici ekseni olmaktadır. Ancak bu homolojilerin sendikal örgütlenmenin her seviyesinde aynışekilde yeniden üretildiği de söylenemez. Yerel (sendikal/işkolu ve bölgesel), hatta uluslararasıölçekte, farklı sendika-siyaset ilişkileri ortaya çıkmakta, sendikalar için yerel ölçekte özerkleşmeve direniş alanları gözlemlenmektedir
Szurek, Emmanuel. "Gouverner par les mots : une histoire linguistique de la Turquie nationaliste." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0027.
Full textThis thesis focuses on language policies in nationalist Turkey between the late 1920s and the mid 1940s. It claims to present a social and intellectual history of linguistic practices and their authoritarian transformation in the single-party era (adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1928, systematic eviction of usual Arabic and Persian words in the 1930s in favor of Turkish vocables, massive production of "Turkish-pure" neologisms in the 1930s and 1940s ; adoption of a patronymic system of identification of the individuals from 1934 onwards). It is a cross analysis, conducted in the long term and from a transnational perspective, of four types of phenomena, respectively a linguistic phenomena (language practices, clutched on social variance), a metalinguistic phenomena (scientific knowledges) and an epilinguistic dimension (linguistic opinion movements). Highlighting the interrelationships between these four levels of reality is what we call a linguistic history of nationalist Turkey
Elal, Serpil. "La politique européenne de la Turquie à l'épreuve du temps : Essai sur la complexité de la relation qu'entretient la Turquie avec l'Europe dans la perspective de son adhésion à l'Union européenne." Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE2A006.
Full textYahia, Hassan. "Les relations administratives et économiques entre l'Empire ottoman et ses provinces syriennes (Bilad Ash Sham) de 1804 à 1864." Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20025.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to review the evolution of the administrative and economic relations between the Ottoman Empire and its Syrian provinces during the period under study. Here are traced the administrative and economic relations with respect to the ottoman empire, in general, and with respect to the Syrian provinces, in particular. We undertook, therefore, the study of factors that exercised negative and positive influences from the external and internal points of view. The subject of administrative relations led us, naturally, to study the governmental and administrative machinery, and the reforms introduced therein. In more precise terms, we have studied the juridical, the militarily and the cultural machineries, as well as the relations with the non-Moslem communities and the privileges granted to foreign states. The subject of economic relations deals with the agricultural and land systems; taxes and their collection; the professions related to financial machinery, crafts and industry and relations in the world of commerce and communication. The era of Ottoman Empire was characterised by superficial and decentralised administrative relations. These relations grew complex and centralised as from the Egyptian era (18311840). As for economic relations, they were dealt in all their aspects. In fact, the middle-east region enjoyed a relatively easy life and served the role of a vital road between the east and the west. How can, then, be explained its failure and setback in the economic sphere before and even after the first world war with the consequence that it is now considered among the developing countries ? The explanation is found in the conservatism and the inertia of the economic and administrative system of the empire, in the indifferent attitude of the Syrian population and in the interference of the European countries in the internal affairs of the Empire
Boucly, Julien. "La fabrique nationale du patrimoine mondial : une étude politique de l'action publique patrimoniale en Turquie et à Diyarbakır." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0143.
Full textThis PhD dissertation analyses the public action system related to the production and management of cultural heritage and World Heritage in Turkey. In a political sociology approach, particular attention is given to the interactions between state institutions and civil organisations and to the multi-positionings of individuals and collectives. Field research conducted in Istanbul, Ankara, in the Kurdish region, at various World Heritage sites throughout the country, as well as within the UNESCO arenas themselves, enables an in-depth exploration of public action mechanisms and of the circulation of World Heritage experts. The specific case of the site of Diyarbakir, inscribed on the World Heritage list since July 2015 and deeply affected by armed conflict at the end of the same year, illustrates how the experiences of transfer of the World Heritage program can only be understood through a political study of the relations and modalities of the exercise of political power at the local, regional and national levels. The making of heritage and World Heritage proceeds from a sequence of appropriations and manipulations of concepts and public action tools. These mechanisms create hybrid products, heritage objects located between unesquian metaculture and nationalist representations
Sayan, Celal. "La construction de l'État national turc et le mouvement national kurde (1918-1938)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010669.
Full textYıldızcan, Cemil. "Le préfet comme acteur et institution : l'évolution de la fonction préfectorale en Turquie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D099.
Full textThis thesis aims at examining the various aspects of the figure of the prefect in Turkey. The prefect is studied not only for what he represents in the legal texts, but also for how he functions in the institutional dynamics. From the perspective of institutional analysis, a study of the historical evolution of the prefectural institution is the starting point of our approach. In order to explore the formal and informal situations around which action system of the prefect is structured, different analytical tools such as the quantitative analysis of appointments and assignments or the fieldwork based on semi-directive interviews were used. By analysing the interactions that form the prefect's real existence both as a figure of history and as an agent of the present, our approach, without denying the importance of the socio-political context or that of the individual actors, insists on a more autonomous role of the institution. In 2000s, a state reform has been initiated to be executed in a non-systematic and incoherent way in Turkey. The vast reform process led to a profound change in the prefectural function. This evolution resulted in a fragmented administrative structure in which the actors with a certain autonomy vis-à-vis the central government and the local level designated as a strategic level for the granting of public services have been privileged around a new politico-administrative logic. This thesis attempts to demonstrate how prefects preserve their importance in the newly emerged administrative system despite the scattered changes imposed by this process
Saribasak, Ercan. "L'AK Parti et l'intégration européenne de la Turquie : analyse du Parti de la justice et du développement en Turquie sous l'angle de ses stratégies européennes." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENH032.
Full textThis thesis highlights the complex relationship between the AK Party and the EU, a major player which shapes Turkey's foreign policy and also ensures existence of the AK Party. The party came to power in 2002 just after its establishment in 2001. Since then, the AK Party has consolidated its position and of no doubt has become one of the biggest and the strongest parties in the history of Turkish politics. On the other hand the European policy of Turkey is a subject that still attracts considerable attention, even at the moment when it is no longer considered as privileged central axis of Turkish foreign policy and do not exists as before in the agenda of the AK Party. Indeed, since the negotiations with the EU have been initiated with the AK Party, this subject attracts much more attention and has become an interesting topic to analyze because the leaders of the AK Party came from the tradition of the `National Vision`. By reading of the party and more specifically by analyzing its EU policy, we sought to understand the meaning of the EU and the role it has played and still plays in the existence of the party. By conducting first a comparison between European policies of the political parties of the National Vision and the AK Party, our goal is to understand the positioning of the AK Party in the Turkish political system. Then, by analyzing the EU vision of the party during elections and referendums, we have noted the evolution of European policies of the party during each of those election periods and also the evolution of the level of interaction between two parties. Meanwhile, we tried to understand role of the EU within the scope of the foreign policies of the party. Even though the European policies were considered to be stable elements for the AK Party and Turkish political history, their importance and or intensity has evolved over time. For our study, we decided the EU as an invariable actor, and elections as well as time as variable elements. Therefore, this doctoral dissertation aims to show the position of the AK Party vis à vis the EU, the evolution of the importance of the EU for the latter since its creation in 2001 and lastly to analyze the European policies of the AK Party
Öz, Eyüp. "Le Parti libéral républicain dans la région égéenne en Turquie : histoire politique d’une grande mobilisation contestaire : [Du 12 août au 17 novembre 1930]." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0073.
Full textFor several reasons, the year 1930 can be defined as a genuine turning point for Turkey. The radical religious reforms under the kemalist leadership and the growing social discontent due to the economic crisis forced the country to go through a transformation towards two essential directions : economic; statism and pluralistic political system. Created on the personal order of Mustafa Kemal, the liberal Republican party took its place in the historical scene on august 12th, as a pure product of the political engineering. Nevertheless, the welcome of Fethi Okyar at Smyrna as a redeemer overturned all expectations. Breaking with his impartiality, the president of the Republic had to reaffirm immediately his attachment to the republican people's party. The opposition was successful during the elections, despite the legitimization of all injustices and state coercions. Though the liberal party was unexpectedly dissolved, its electorate continued to exist for several more months. The disproportionate response to a singular messianic uprising did not succeed in the suppressing of social protests. Born in Magnesia and ended in Menemen on december 23rd, 1930, this insurrectionary wave has shaken the power profoundly, with the murder of a sub-lieutenant. Gallows erected on public places after the incident were part of a unique fear engineering that disintegrated the opposition coalition. The concept of liberalism thus became synonymous with violence and liberal opponents will be silenced by fear of religious reactionism
Kauffmann, Sophie. "Discours 45, 50, 51 et 52 de Libanios : édition, traduction, commentaire." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100121.
Full textMy doctorate consists of the editing, French translation and commentary of four orations of Libanios composed between 385 and 390 A. D. At Antioch. They all belong to judicial oratory, addressed to the emperor Theodose the Ist, to obtain the publication of a law which would stop the injustice caused by the corruption of governors. These orations are the 45th, 50th, 51th and 52th in the Teubner collection. My commentary of them is from the historical, rhetorical and literary point of view
Kabakci, Enes. "Sauver l'Empire : modernisation, positivisme et formation de la culture politique des Jeunes-Turcs (1895-1908)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010251.
Full textDenizeau, Aurélien. "La doctrine stratégique et diplomatique de l'islam politique turc (2002-2016)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCF008/document.
Full textThe Justice and Development Party [Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP], which emerged from the Turkish political Islam in 2002, has aroused the interest of international observers through an active foreign policy. While this seems to be consistent, it also underwent many changes between 2002 and 2016. The AKP's strategic and diplomatic vision derives from past government experiences, the conservative ideologies that marked the country in the 20th century and the thoughts of several intellectuals, with Ahmet Davutoğlu, advisor to the Prime Minister and later Minister of Foreign Affairs (2009-2014) being the most influential of them. The first mandate of the AKP (2002-2007) witnessed a series of strategic options being explored within the party. This was followed by the establishment of a doctrine based on a few major principles, such as the pacification of neighbourly relations, pro-active diplomacy and the use of all the tools at hand to influence the regional and subsequently the global level. The objective was to put Turkey at the heart of local trade, using its growing influence in the Middle East to influence its international partners. The Arab revolutions of 2011 pushed the AKP to rethink its doctrine. The country yearns now for being an example within which traditional values and conservative democracy can coexist, as well as support from the Muslim Brotherhood, which brings this vision to the Arab world. But in 2013, several crises weakened this vision and forced Turkey to renounce the doctrine developed by the AKP
Selek, Pinar. "Les possibilités et les effets de convergences des mouvements contestataires, sous la répression : les mobilisations au nom de groupes sociaux opprimés sur la base du genre, de l'orientation sexuelle ou de l'appartenance ethnique, en Turquie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA002/document.
Full textThis study of Turkish activism, focussing on four protest mouvements based on gender, sexual orientation or ethnicity, shows that a repressive context can actually open up possibilities for the emergence of new protest mouvements as well as for their coalescences. Despite their differences, these movements are still interdependent in their dynamics and complexity, and belong to the same cycle of contention, which was born in the eighties and matured in the nineties when it became a powerful agent in the deconstruction of the ideological, organizational, and political monopoly of the militant space. The interdependenceof these mouvements, based on several factors, promotes their convergence and their interactions, which also depend on their cleavages, relative to the internal structure of social relations and to various forms of their organizational hierarchies. These conflicts are slowing down renewal and the innovation process within these organisations. Thanks to the sustained alliances, though, they cause internal disputes that bring transformation and reinforce the concord of communities around these mouvements. From the complexities of this process between interdependence, tensions and mutual influences, a new cycle of contention arises in 2010, in the form of a multiplicity of relations within an intermediate space where concepts, repertoires, ideas and experiences are in mouvement
Magued, Mohamed Shaimaa. "La politique arabe de la Turquie depuis 2002 comme une dimension de sa gestion régionale au Moyen-Orient." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1057.
Full textBy the end of 2002 and the beginning of 2003, Turkey adopted an active diplomacy in the Middle East in a context of instability and persistent rivalry between different powers. This study considers the arrival of a new political “conservative” elite as an instigator and accelerator event in the reconstruction of the Turkish role as a regional power. The analysis of the Arab policy of Turkey is based on a conceptual framework that relies on two complementary notions, the “national role” and the “regional power.” Both determine the founding precepts of the Turkish regional policy in terms of source of projection, dynamics of action and national interest. In light of this theoretical framework and the field work undertaken on the Arab policy, this study adopts a critical analysis of the literature. By reconsidering the conceptualization process in the International Relations discipline, the thesis focuses on the term of “regional power role” in order to conceal the epistemological and ontological deficiencies in different theoretical concepts that aim to understand world politics like “regional power.” Accordingly, this study provides a different method in theorizing by formulating a conceptual framework that is more adapted to global politics' reality in terms of considering the specificities of the different cases and the various configurations of regional powers. By relying on the “regional power role”, the Arab policy analysis reveals the emergence of a new Turkey. A more assertive and autonomous diplomacy is adopted by the AKP that conciles the exigencies of this role with its Western allies and neighbours from one side and its national interests from the other side
Başgüney, Hakki. "Literary production, currents and politics between 1960 and 1980 in Turkey." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG007/document.
Full textThis dissertation examines the increasing visibility of literary activities as a part of the other cultural activities between 1960 and 1980. During these two decades, there was an increasing influence of literary activities, literary production, and literary world throughout the larger parts of the Turkish society. This work also assesses the intricate relations between literary culture and politics. lt will be emphasized that the political identity which was adopted by the literary actors was generally one critical of the existing political and social system. The intellectual climate will be examined via literature. I argue that men of letters, literary actors played important roles with academies and journalists through their public, intellectual identity in the social life from 1960 to the end of the 1970s
Hamdi, Wafa. "Les muftis ottomans face aux changements du XIXe siècle : crises, mutations et réformes à Istanbul et à Tunis pendant les Tanzimat (1839-1876)." Paris, INALCO, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INAL0010.
Full textApplied under the European influence, aiming at the westernization of the systems of the state and promising of legal equality between the Muslims and the non-Muslims, the said reforms Tanzimat looks very polemical in the XIXth century. The idea of equality between the confessional communities makes its road. In the Regency of Tunis, a reforming movement similar to that of the Ottoman capital begins to bloom. Therefore, all these changes made during this period transform the religion into a political stake. Consequently, the big religious dignitaries see each other strongly sought by the politicians in Tunis and in Istanbul. The rule of the sultans and the beys must be put in accordance with God's law, quite as the Moslem society had to follow the divine outlaws. Supposing that it is the case, our study concerns the role played by the heads of the ulemas in Tunis and in Istanbul, namely the Seyhs ül-Islam of Istanbul and the big muftis of Tunis, in this process of reform
Çiçek, Cuma. "Interaction of nation, religion and class : building Kurdish consensus in Turkey." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0010.
Full textIn this research, I analyzed the question of “the three main types of Kurdish groups -national, religious and economic- cooperate to establish a consensus on a common purpose: a Kurdish political region in Turkey.” Following the theory of constructivism, the Three I model, the sociology of organization and the sociology of collective action are articulated to examine the Kurdish collective action, which the is constantly re-constructed in historically constructed context, which is also constantly re-constructed by dynamics at national, trans-national (geopolitical), European and global levels. As to the empirical task, I examined the conflicts, negotiations, cooperation and consensus of these three Kurdish groups regarding the Kurdish issue(s) and the influence of the above-mentioned five structuring dynamics. The principal method used in my research is the qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews. At the level of theoretical conclusion, the research makes remarkable contribution to the theories and approaches concerning the collective identities and groups(ness), the state, the “Three I” model, path dependency, the geopolitics of the Kurdish issue, and Europeanization. At the empirical level, the main conclusion of the research is the fact that the Kurdish groups have not achieved to build a common organization and accepted rules so far. The groups’ ideas, interests and institutions are not equivalent and the groups’ distinctive interests have weighed on the collective action in the Kurdish region
Tinas, Rukiye. "État et religion dans la Turquie post-kémaliste. : L’évolution du Parti de la justice et du développement (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) : Les deux mandats : 2002-2007 et 2007-2011." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20020.
Full textIn modern Turkey clearly marked by secularism, the AKP called “conservative democrat” by its founders from the Islamist movement is the winner of elections of any kind since its appearance in 2001. Although the Kemalist Establishment had wanted to throw out this party could not do it. Paradoxically any attempt on his part has only increased its popularity. Then, the question is “what are the sociocultural and political transformations of society as well as the strengths of the AKP, which may explain its success story both inside and outside the country? ”. The answer to this question depends on what is “Conservative democracy” which could get the green light from the Establishment to enter the political arena: where the party is situated on the political spectrum, what distinguishes it from its counterparties, the most important is it really a political ideology which is distinct from Islamism as suggested by its ideologues? This is how we can know if Turkish Islamism is in the process of inventing in the Muslim world a form comparable to what was the “Christian democracy” in European countries. And if we can classify the AKP among the Islamists, we will examine whether the future of Islam as a political force of government is in Turkey or elsewhere?
Tasalp, Duygu. "Mémoires d'Unionistes et régimes mémoriels en Turquie au 20ème siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF038.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the memoirs of the Union and Progress Committee leaders, a secret society of officers, bureaucrats and intellectuals who ruled over the Ottoman Empire from 1913 to 1918. Going beyond an analysis of the events reported in these documents, this study explores the construction of a public narrative on the “Second Constitutional Era” (1908-1918) by the publication of these memoirs in Turkey. The analysis combines two dimensions, a synchronic one and a diachronic one. On the one hand, the discourse analysis highlights three major themes expressing and reflecting the subjectivities of the authors: themselves (the Committee), the revolution and the war. On the other hand, this analysis identifies variations within these three themes, and interprets them through a contextualization of the writing and publication of the memoirs. The major discontinuities in the Unionists’ writings thus make it possible to consider the existence of three “memorial regimes” (Johann Michel) – Kemalist, Unionist, Islamist – that appeared successively in Turkey during the twentieth century. The thesis highlights the convergence of these memorial regimes on the denial of the 1915-1916 Armenian genocide. Beyond this case study, it questions the immutability and the permanence of a negationist discourse on exterminatory violence, when developed by the perpetrators of this violence, and the phenomenon of paralysis that it provokes at the discursive level in the receiving society
Raso, Geneviève-Lea. "La quête identitaire de l'Etat turc : Etats, Nations, nationalismes de 1839 à nos jours." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0005/document.
Full textIn Turkey, the Identity question is the crux of the issue. After the period of Mustafa Kemal who gave a definition of the State, secular and Turkish this one didn’t resist to the death of the founder of the Nation State. The year which followed, saw the emergence of the multiparty system to the power and the birth, of an another definition of the Turkish Identity, creating a consensus within the Turkish Nation: The Turco-Islamic Synthesis. The clashes and the tensions showed the limits of the State definition of the Turkish Identity during the “Lead Years” (1960-1970), a period dominated by two nationalist strengths, the Deep-State and the ultranationalism of the Grey- Wolves, the extreme-right movement. The Susurluk Affair allowed to see the birth of a new tendency, the nationalism of Ulusalcilik of secular inspiration, but also a neo-ottomanism, with the coming of the AKP and the emergence of a new wider identity: Tiirkyeli, that means “to be from Turkey”. But the conflicts in the Middle East and the sliding of the AKP towards Islamism, blurs once more the national Identity