Journal articles on the topic 'Tutoring companion'

New approaches in Intelligent Tutoring Systems imply a more active participation of the learner in the learning process. The motivation of the learner can be increased by interaction with a companion who strengthens the knowledge acquisition in a cooperation climate. In this article we introduce a new learning strategy called learning by disturbing intended to improve student self-confidence. We compare it to directive learning and peer learning, discussing the advantage and the inconvenience of each one. We present some experiments realized to show in which condition a strategy can be useful or not. We analyze and discuss results obtained.

Pregnant women with history of abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have increased risk of adverse mental health and childbearing outcomes. The Survivor Moms’ Companion (SMC) is a psychoeducation program designed to meet the needs of women abuse survivors affected by PTSD during the childbearing year. This article reports on the feasibility, safety, and acceptability findings of an open pilot. Participants completed 10 self-study modules and structured tutoring sessions, and completed self-report measures, including reports of tutor fidelity to the manual, repeated assessment of PTSD symptoms, Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD) scores, and evaluation interviews. Results indicate that the intervention can be implemented within low-resource settings with high level of fidelity to the manual. Monitoring of PTSD symptom level and distress indicate that the intervention is safe. Participants report satisfaction with the format and content and appreciation for the tutoring component. The SMC appears to be feasible, safe, and acceptable.

Purpose: This article aims to illustrate from the author’s insider perspective the lived experiences of engaging in private tutoring in Hong Kong as a tutee, a tutor, and a researcher and draw implications on several issues arising from the prevalence of shadow education. Design/Approach/Methods: This article adopted an autobiographical narrative approach. Data were collected through the author’s memoir of events, stimulated by the tutorial materials he used when he was a tutee and a tutor, his own video-recorded lessons of tutoring, and reflective journals from his research projects. Findings: Various issues are discussed based on the narrative of the author playing different roles in the tutoring industry, including (1) the positive and negative washback on mainstream education, (2) the lack of strict regulation of the quality of tutors and advertisements, and (3) how shadow education may exacerbate education inequality and how some tutorial companies and nonprofit organizations are addressing the issue. Originality/Value: This article, to the best of the author’s knowledge, is the only one that discusses the issues of shadow education from an author’s own personal experiences as a tutee, a tutor, and a researcher. It illustrates how practices and policies of the private tutoring industry are evolving in Hong Kong from an insider perspective.

Abstract Aims Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.), an interesting forest species for the veneering industry, requires adequate management to produce valuable high-quality logs. Since species associations and management level can improve stand productivity, the novelty of this work was to assess Persian walnut performance in different planting mixtures and in pure plantations conditioned to management intensity. Methods Growth, straightness and survival measurements were taken annually for 7 years after planting pure and mixed plantations under two contrasting management scenarios. Diseases were recorded at Age 7 in all plantations. Under each management intensity, besides the monoculture, three mixtures were tested: a mixture of only main forest species, main forest species plus one arboreal companion species, Black alder (Alnus glutinosa L.) and main species plus the shrub Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) as nurse species. A test of interaction between plantation type and management scenario was conducted using repeated growth data. Important Findings The interaction was significant, indicating the presence of different mechanisms underlying plantation effects under high and low management level. Compared with pure plantations, Persian walnut associated with the nurse shrub exhibited 78% higher height and 53% higher diameter growth in plantations under low management. Health benefits (lower presence of walnut blight than in the monoculture) and better straightness were also found in the association including the shrub when the management intensity was not high. These beneficial effects in the presence of Russian olive were not present under high management intensity (irrigation, fertilization, tutoring and frequent pruning). Site-specific designs for Persian walnut plantations would depend on the foreseen management intensity.

AbstractWith a specific focus on tutoring among future teachers this article proposes a model of self-regulated learning. The focus on different mechanisms inherent to the tutoring relationship will consider Affective impacts or motivation, Reflexive or metacognitive and Cognitive resolutions. The ARC combination proposes that personal skills will be gained and beneficial transfers into the class will be possible. This approach with a model considers explicit learning as a part of tutoring relationship successes. A prospective study on a short scale provides a few indicators in this direction and will be followed by a mentoring study. As private companies also present services in the shadow of the official educational system some recommendations will illustrate the tutoring original pedagogical relation with specific limits and the potential for new understanding.

Purpose: This article focuses on rarely explored organizational practice of teaching research in China’s private tutoring industry. Taking a large private tutoring institution as an example, the article examines how private tutoring institutions understand and engage in educational explorations of standardization and informatization processes. Design/Approach/Methods: The article is based on a case study of one of the biggest tutoring companies in China. The study started with document analysis of the institutional history, supplemented by interviews with personnel who have worked in the institution since it was founded. Next, the researchers collected empirical data using mixed methods. Quantitative data were obtained from the user database owned by the institution. Qualitative data were collected directly by the researchers through interviews and participant observation. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed from multiple perspectives. Findings: Teaching research in private tutoring institutions commonly differs from that in public schooling. In this particular case, it is technology-driven, student-tailored, and process-standardized. Utilized well, it can supplement the mainstream public education system and promote education innovation and equity throughout the country. Originality/Value: It is hoped that this article could give some insights into the possibility of the cooperation between formal schools and tutoring institutions in the areas of teaching research and other in-class and off-campus activities. The article can also draw public attention to the necessity and benefits of adopting technical methods in the teaching process.

Social innovation, SI emerges in any country as a part of companies and services development which improve users` social needs in their immediate environment. This involve a new processes´ and methodologies´ adaptation in the creation of new products and services for society. It is including planning and design management directly connected with empowerment of the agents involved, like final, users, designers and companies. Social innovation and empowerment needs a catalysing agent that becomes a channel for knowledge creation point out to guide companies in the development of new products with social nature. The application of techniques based on Design Thinking are the starting point o f a new design management model adapted to the problems of companies that want to innovate taking in account the society, the environment and the individual necessities itself. The article reflects about to propose a new model of integrated tutoring for the management of Design and social innovation in MYPIME enterprises and how it has been successfully implemented in Colombian companies.

Information technology enables companies to move from functional-managed, cycle-based organizations to process-managed organizations. Despite this change, business classes continue to be organized along functional lines and do not provide an overall, integrating framework (Walker and Ainsworth 2001). As a result, students may not understand business processes and the relationship between business processes and accounting transaction cycles. This paper presents a tutorial for a fictitious pizza delivery company to help students understand business processes and link them with accounting transaction cycles. Designed for a first semester accounting information system class, this comprehensive tutorial covers data flow diagrams; flowcharts; and resources, events, and agents (REA) modeling. The tutorial includes review questions and exercises. Teaching notes and solutions follow the tutorial section.

Clarity & Fluency School of English is one of the businesses in the field of education with the type of English courses and Tutoring. Every business, both agency and individual, cannot be separated from information needs. The data needed in the form of accounting information in the form of financial statements. In an age where information needs more rapidly then needed analysis of a system according to requirement. Reporting activity is the most important aspect in companies or government agencies because any expenditure and cash receipts made by companies or government agencies should be made a report for decision making. In the Clarity & Fluency School of English cash flow statement, both cash receipts and disbursements still use office applications, namely Microsoft Excel. the method used in this study uses the SWOT analysis method, PHP as the programming language and MySQL as the database. Meanwhile, the data obtained were analyzed and illustrated using UML (Unified Modeling Language)

Big data and data science have experienced unprecedented growth in recent years. The big data market continues to exhibit strong momentum as countless businesses transform into data-driven companies. From salary surges to incredible growth in the number of positions, data science is one of the hottest areas in the job market. Significant demand and limited supply of professionals with data competencies has greatly affected the hiring market and this demand/supply imbalance will likely continue in the future. A major key in supplying the market with qualified big data professionals, is bridging the gap from traditional Information Systems (IS) learning outcomes to those outcomes requisite in this emerging field. The purpose of this paper is to share an SQL Character Data Tutorial. Utilizing the 5E Instructional Model, this tutorial helps students (a) become familiar with SQL code, (b) learn when and how to use SQL string functions, (c) understand and apply the concept of data cleansing, (d) gain problem solving skills in the context of typical string manipulations, and (e) gain an understanding of typical needs related to string queries. The tutorial utilizes common, recognizable quotes from popular culture to engage students in the learning process and enhance understanding. This tutorial should prove helpful to educators who seek to provide a rigorous, practical, and relevant big data experience in their courses.

The paper is a conceptual approach to education for sustainable development using an e-learning platform. It starts from the observed reality that all education stakeholders need a learning environment where they can have access to knowledge, collaborate and share their experience, as a survey conducted among students and companies in Timisoara, Romania, region shows. The proposed multi-stakeholder environment accommodates two sections: the learning environment mostly dedicated to students, trainees, tutors and mentors and the virtual sustainability centre that is dedicated to on-line meetings, workshops, counselling, etc. Durable learning is supported by a range of written digital and multimedia resources, including pre-recorded on-line tutoring, videos and games. To engage online learners, various gamification techniques were used in the course design phase, such as recording and presenting the learner’s progress, role-playing and similar. The article presents a conceptual design of the learner’s journey and a mapping from gamification concepts to Moodle LMS elements. Keywords: E-learning, education, sustainable development, gamification, LMS

Science and technology are moving, developing in the business world and have significance to human life. This is done with the various facilities provided and provided by companies. One of the technologies used today in the music world is in musical instruments, where the author wants to use tutorial system using Chord on guitar instrument for beginner who want to learn to use guitar, so for beginners do not bother anymore to learn together and know the Chord on a guitar instrument, because the musical instruments that are already under the LED light on each fred guitar that is located under each strings of the guitar.

Over the past ten years, the concept of adaptive optics has evolved from early experimental stages to a standard observing tool now available at almost all major optical and near-infrared telescope facilities. Adaptive optics will also be essential in exploiting the full potential of the large optical/infrared interferometers currently under construction. Both observations with high-angular resolution and at high contrast, and with a high point source sensitivity are facilitated by adaptive optics. Among the areas which benefit most from the use of adaptive optics are studies of the circumstellar environment (envelopes, disks, outflows), substellar companions and multiple systems, and dense young stellar populations. This contribution highlights some of the recent advances in star formation studies facilitated by adaptive optics, and gives a brief tutorial on optimized observing and data reduction strategies.

Purpose Financial education is about empowering employees to make their own financial decisions. It is about making people aware of the choices available and the course of action they may want to take – so they can be in the best financial shape for the future. Design/methodology/approach When a financial education programme is run, group tutorials are a key component. One particular tutorial focuses on cashflow modelling, with cash flow forecasting at the heart of such a programme. If people can visually see they cannot retire as early as they had hoped, then their focus may shift to increasing their savings. They review how they can cut-back now to set realistic objectives about their future. Findings Financial education could help to support employees in understanding how to do more for themselves financially, and to encourage them to assess their options and better plan their future. Originality/value This paper talks about how the shift in the retirement age will bring some challenges for companies and looks at how companies can address these changes. It also includes a mini case study.

E-learning, or learning via a computer or mobile device, is growing. It can take many forms, such as an annotated PowerPoint presentation, a tutorial, or an interactive role-playing game .The possibilities are endless. Today, 80% of companies and communities have done a number of interesting and effective e-learning solutions, and 30% of all professional training are e-learning courses. The development of these platforms is based mainly on different technologies. This technological diversity can make comparing or managing E-learning platforms difficult, and the choice of a given platform will be also complex. Therefore, to address this problem, this paper proposes a solution to generate a PSM model based on n-tier architecture from a PIM model. The language used is the QVT (Query View Transformation) transformation language.

Seismic data acquisition in oil and gas exploration employs a large-scale network of geophone sensors deployed in thousands across a survey field. A central control unit acquires and processes measured data from geophones to come up with an image of the earth’s subterranean structure to locate oil and gas traps. Conventional seismic acquisition systems rely on cables to connect each sensor. Although cable-based systems are reliable, the sheer amount of cable required is tremendous, causing complications in survey logistics as well as survey downtime. The need for a cable-free seismic data acquisition system has attracted much attention from contractors, exploration companies, and researchers to lay out the enabling wireless technology and architecture in seismic explorations. This paper gives a general overview of land seismic data acquisition and also presents a current and retrospective review of the state-of-the-art wireless seismic data acquisition systems. Furthermore, a simulation-based performance evaluation of real-time, small-scale wireless geophone subnetwork is carried out using the IEEE 802.11 g technology based on the concept of seismic data acquisition during the geophone listen or recording period. In addition, we investigate an optimal number of seismic samples that could be sent by each geophone during this period.

Research has emphasized the limitations of qualitative and quantitative approaches to studying organizational phenomena. For example, in-depth interviews are resource-intensive, while questionnaires with closed-ended questions can only measure predefined constructs. With the recent availability of large textual data sets and increased computational power, text mining has become an attractive method that has the potential to mitigate some of these limitations. Thus, we suggest applying topic modeling, a specific text mining technique, as a new and complementary strategy of inquiry to study organizational phenomena. In particular, we outline the potentials of structural topic modeling for organizational research and provide a step-by-step tutorial on how to apply it. Our application example builds on 428,492 reviews of Fortune 500 companies from the online platform Glassdoor, on which employees can evaluate organizations. We demonstrate how structural topic models allow to inductively identify topics that matter to employees and quantify their relationship with employees’ perception of organizational culture. We discuss the advantages and limitations of topic modeling as a research method and outline how future research can apply the technique to study organizational phenomena.

Indonesian women both in the ministries, companies, organizations, social agencies, entrepreneurs, activists, and show that women have an important role in Indonesia, one of which is the positive impact women today in the use of technology is significant growth and development increased over the months and years gave birth to innovation and facilitate the community this is also felt by women or women that trend smartphone technology to the netbook at this time can be used, this side of the business and may make women make tips and guides, as well as solutions for example also hijab better known as the tutorial hijab among women of today, used to explore the creativity of women to use the hijab and the internet is helpful in the information, then here is said to be women of today are technology literate simplicity is very beneficial to the world of technology and fashion. With the new technology used in the field of information and communication, especially the Internet has brought the world into the new era.

Background As smartphone ownership continues to rise, health care systems and technology companies are driven to develop mobile health (mHealth) interventions as both diagnostic and therapeutic tools. An important consideration during mHealth intervention development is how to achieve health equity despite demographic differences in smartphone ownership. One solution is through the recirculation of loaner smartphones; however, best practices for implementing such programs to optimize security, privacy, scalability, and convenience for participants are not well defined. Objective In this tutorial, we describe how we implemented our novel Corrie iShare program, a 30-day loaner iPhone and smartwatch recirculation program, as part of a multi-center mHealth intervention to improve recovery and access to guideline-directed therapy following acute myocardial infarction. Methods We conducted a prospective study utilizing a smartphone app and leveraged iOS enterprise features as well as cellular data service to automate recirculation. Results Our configuration protocol was shortened from 1 hour to 10 minutes. Of 200 participants, 92 (46.0%) did not own an iPhone and would have been excluded from the study without iShare. Among iShare participants, 72% (66/92) returned their loaned smartphones. Conclusions The Corrie iShare program demonstrates the potential for a sustainable and scalable mHealth loaner program, enabling broader population reach while optimizing user experience. Implementation may face institutional constraints and software limitations. Consideration should be given to optimizing loaner returns.

Stress is a condition arising from the gap between the demands generated by the transaction between individual and environment with resources of the biological, psychological, or social system. This study aims to determine factors that led to the stress of Indonesian semi-skill migrant workers in Messaieed Qatar. Method using descriptive analytical study with cross-sectional design. The study sample was 70 respondents of semi skill Indonesia migrant workers in Messaieed Qatar. The results showed a relationship between physical condition with the level of stress (p value=0.000 with r=0.407), the better of physical condition the milder levels of stress. There is a relationship between psychological burden with the level of stress (p value=0.01 with r=0.305), the lighter of psychological burden the milder level of stress. There is no relationship between extreme weather with the level of stress (p value=0.252 with r=0.139). There is a relationship between workload with the level of stress (p value=0.001 with r=0.379), the lighter workload the milder level of stress. There was a relationship between neighborhood conditions with stress level (p value=0.000 with r=0.541), the better condition of the neighborhood the milder level of stress. Recommendations of this study are Messaieed Medical Center to provide counseling and education about stress, how to reduce the stress on their own and social support. Companies where the respondents worked need to make some modifications of the environment such as conducted sport activities, a regular of spiritual tutorial activities, and other positive activities.

Objectives – To determine which strategies were most effective for encouraging general practitioners (GPs) to sign up for free access to an online evidence based information resource; and to determine whether those who accepted the offer differed in their sociodemographic characteristics from those who did not. Design – Descriptive marketing research study. Setting – Australia’s public healthcare system. Subjects – 14,000 general practitioners (GPs) from all regions of Australia. Methods – Subjects were randomly selected by Medicare Australia from its list of GPs that bill it for services. Medicare Australia had 18,262 doctors it deemed eligible; 14,000 of these were selected for a stratified random sample. Subjects were randomized to one of 7 groups of 2,000 each. Each group received a different letter offering two years of free access to BMJ Clinical Evidence, an evidence based online information tool. Randomization was done electronically, and the seven groups were stratified by age group, gender, and location. The interventions given to each group differed as follows: • Group 1: Received a letter offering 2 years of free access, with no further demands on the recipient. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 2010, 5.4 84 • Group 2: Received a letter offering 2 years of free access, but on the condition that they complete an initial questionnaire and another one at 12 months, as well as allowing the publisher to provide de-personalized usage data to the researchers. • Group 3: Same as Group 2, but with the additional offer of an online tutorial to assist them with using the resource. • Group 4: Same as Group 2, but with an additional pamphlet with positive testimonials about the resource from Australian medical opinion leaders. • Group 5: Same as Group 2, but with an additional offer of professional development credits towards their required annual totals. • Group 6: Same as Group 2, but with an additional offer to be entered to win a prize of $500 towards registration at a conference of the winner’s choice. • Group 7: A combination of the above interventions. The group received the opinion leaders’ pamphlet, the online tutorial, and eligibility for professional development points. The online survey and usage data from Groups 2 through 7 was to be analyzed as part of a companion study, and is not reported in this article. To protect the privacy of individual subjects, Medicare Australia mailed out the offers and provided the authors with anonymized data, in table format, on response status by intervention group and by the following sociodemographic variables: age, gender, geographic remoteness as determined by the Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia (ARIA), country of graduation, and years since graduation. Baseline characteristics were compared between the intervention groups, and then response rates were also compared between intervention groups and between the above-mentioned variables to see whether any of these variables affected the likelihood of practitioners being interested in an online evidence based tool. All comparisons were done using a chi-square test. Main Results – Overall, 2,105 subjects returned their acceptance forms, out of the total sample of 14,000 (15%). The true acceptance rate was 12.5%, however, when adjusted for the number of subjects in Groups 2 through 7 who went on to complete the online questionnaire. There was a statistically significant difference in response rates between the seven groups, with the greatest acceptance rate (27%) coming from Group 1 (who received only the letter of offer, with no experimental demands). The other groups averaged a response rate of 10% collectively, with the lowest rates (8.0% and 8.5% respectively) from Group 5 (offer of professional development points) and Group 7 (combination of interventions). The large sample size offered adequate power to detect differences in characteristics between responders and non-responders. The study found that responders were more likely to be younger, male, recent graduates, and practising in less remote locations. Among responders, there were no statistically significant differences in most of these characteristics among the seven groups, with the exception of time since graduation, which varied somewhat. Conclusion – The authors conclude that funding of access to free online resources for large groups of practitioners may not be cost-effective if calculations of cost are based on total eligible populations rather than on the number of practitioners who may be interested. They also conclude that the low response rates generated by their offer indicate a need to find ways to increase GPs’ interest in using online evidence based tools and in accessing best practice evidence. Further research into how to achieve behaviour change among practitioners may be needed.

The tutoring in the Technological Institutes has been implemented as a support strategy for the integral formation of the student, where the teacher becomes his companion in his professional training process, developing activities that have the purpose of stimulating the integral human development of the student. The present work presents the design of a web system, to support the management of the tutorial program, and the tutorial task, involves each of the different actors (Institutional coordinator, coordinator of area tutorials, department head, tutors and tutors). This web system was the result of the investigation Analysis of the tutorials at the Technological Institute of Tehuacán whose purpose was to learn from the experience of the actors the program to propose a strategy that would favor tutoring. The research was developed using a qualitative methodology, where information is obtained using instruments such as observation, interviews and surveys. This system seeks to favor the mentoring program in the achievement of its objectives and consequently in the achievement of the institutional goals of the Technological Institute of Tehuacán.

Recent decades have brought dramatic urbanization to China. Between 1978 and 2018, the urban population rose from 17.9 per cent to 59.6 per cent of the total. Urbanization has many implications, including for education. China’s government has long been concerned about imbalances in access to and quality of schooling, and new imbalances have been introduced through market forces in the so-called shadow education sector of private supplementary tutoring, arising from both demand and supply. Urban families in particular seek private supplementary tutoring, and tutorial companies favour densely populated areas for higher enrolments. China has the world’s largest school system and most extensive shadow provision. This paper conceptualizes the space of shadow provision in educational, social and geographical terms. It highlights the changing scale and nature of private tutoring, observes the roles of new technologies and government regulations, notes the impact of COVID-19, and argues that shadow education both shapes and is shaped by urbanization.

Purpose: The article focuses on the emergence of a private tutoring industry in Denmark over the last decade. Specifically, it explores how private tutoring companies legitimize themselves in a social and cultural context where education has for long predominantly been understood in egalitarian terms. Design/Approach/Methods: The article takes inspiration from Viviana Zelizer’s work on morally controversial markets. It explores the “moral labor” performed by private tutoring companies to redefine the exchange of private tutoring services as a socially wholesome activity. It does so through a close analysis of business information, company websites, and news media articles on private tutoring. Findings: The article argues that, generally, the marketing material of tutoring companies focuses more on social equality and student well-being than on academic success. Thus, the companies predominantly legitimize themselves in terms of long-standing Scandinavian ideals of education. Increasingly, these are also the terms in which the companies criticize mainstream schooling. Originality/Value: The article contributes new knowledge of private tutoring in a Scandinavian context where very little research on the issue has so far been conducted. Theoretically, it relates previous research on “legitimation projects” of private tutoring companies to broader sociological theories on market making.

AbstractPrivate supplementary tutoring, widely known as shadow education, has become a global phenomenon. It has a range of providers, including commercial companies, university students desiring extra pocket money, and regular school teachers who provide tutoring as a sideline activity. This paper focuses on the last category.Governments are commonly ambivalent about the existence of shadow education, and may especially disapprove of regular teachers providing private supplementary tutoring in part because they fear that the teachers will neglect their main duties. With such matters in mind, some governments have attempted to prohibit teachers from providing private tutoring. However, such prohibitions are difficult to implement. This paper analyses situations in Korea, Mauritius, Kenya and England in order to derive comparative lessons from experience. It demonstrates the importance of wider contextual factors including alignment of macro-level aspirations with the micro-level perspectives of families finding themselves in increasingly competitive environments.

Purpose In the domain of shadow education (private supplementary tutoring), Denmark and China may be placed at opposite ends of a spectrum. Denmark has a recently emerged, small, and high-cost sector that mostly serves low achievers, while China has a more industrialized sector with a long history and economies of scale. The paper juxtaposes the two to shed light on each. Design/Approach/Methods The article is a personal narrative of the author's research experiences. She grew up and had initial education in China before moving to the Nordic realm for 2 years. This provided a set of initial lenses, which were subsequently deployed in research partnership from her current base in China with colleagues in Denmark. Findings The juxtaposition raises questions that might otherwise not have been asked and provides insights that might otherwise not have been gained. Danish families hesitate to use shadow education for advantages in the egalitarian society, in contrast to Chinese patterns that stress competition and achievement. These facets have implications for the modes of shadow education and even the names of tutorial companies. Originality/Value The paper has a methodological value in addition to its substantive insights on the trajectories of shadow education in the two countries.

Purpose: This article focuses on the development of supplementary education, evolving under the label “homework support,” in Sweden between 2006 and 2018. Particular attention is paid to the significance of the private market for national policy. Design/Approach/Methods: Through a theoretical model on policy enactment, the interaction between national policy and local practice is highlighted. By analyzing how the local practice appears in documents related to state-regulated decision-making, the study gains further insights in the development of homework support in Sweden. Findings: This article argues that when private companies, offering supplementary tutoring, were established on the outskirts of the educational landscape in Sweden, the political educational discourse changed. Even though homework support became a given part of the political discussion about the school, the situation became difficult for private companies. Originality/Value: The article adds to the international field of shadow education. It describes the establishment of the private tutoring market’s entry into the Swedish educational landscape, which in the long term has provided a basis for a further Scandinavian development. Furthermore, the article contributes to theory development by a model that focuses on the interaction between policy formulation and local enactment.

The best largely favoured program architecture in IoT is the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), which aims to deliver a loosely paired devices to utilize the usage as well as reuse of IoT companies at the middle-ware level, to decrease device combination issues. What is the most unique attribute of this paper, compared to various other study and also tutorial jobs, is the in depth presentation of the interior programs and also mechanisms of the system protocols based on IPv6. This paper gives 5G standardization projects in the direction of 5G cordless accessibility innovation.

ABSTRACT Context: organizational culture tends to be investigated based on organizational consensus degree, even when it is seen as shared meanings. However, sharing meanings does not imply having the same opinions. On the contrary, there may be agreement on which cultural elements are relevant, even when opinions differ from each other, a fact that enables individuals to share cultural schemas, although they disagree with each other’s answers. Objective: we aim to use a scale of organizational values adapted to the Brazilian context to map cultural schemas based on a survey conducted with 207 workers from different companies. Method: recent advancements in the cultural cognition field have enabled the present tutorial article to map organizational culture schemas based on correlational class analysis. This method divides the sample into schematic classes by listing respondents based on the linear dependence between answers given to a questionnaire, rather than on agreement between respondents. Results: two different schematic classes (reactive and resilient) that condition the effect of attitudes and organizational structure on employee appreciation and satisfaction. Conclusions: besides providing a tutorial on how to use the investigated technique, the study points out its relevance for organizational culture field.

As per the Merriam Webster dictionary, the definition of the distance learning is - “It is a method of study where teachers and students do not meet in a classroom but use the Internet, e- mail, video conference, audio conference mediums of the study. The assessments and doubt clearing also happen online and still there are some planned face to face interaction programs with the students.” In the late 1900s, correspondence courses started coming into the picture. These courses were mainly introduced for the working professionals and for the people who wish to go for competitive examinations as travelling to the university is difficult if it is far off. This is to enhance the access and reach for the learners. Many of the tutorial companies and coaching centers also use distance learning model to cater to the needs of IIT JEE/Civil services aspirants in India. However, distance-learning courses have much better acceptance in the western countries. In Europe and America, they have wider acceptance and several studies done have proven the need of the distance courses and the perception of the people about the distance courses is really good.

In the digital era as it is today, information technology has a significant impact on the process of accounting records in a company. However, the human resource factor is an obstacle for SMEs to develop and be able to compete with large companies. Moreover, if it is associated with the importance of presenting financial statements that are accountable and in accordance with standards, it requires MSMEs to be responsive to technological changes that occur. The existence of these demands, made the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in October 2017 launch an online-based application that is the Micro Business Accounting Report (Lamikro) application. The purpose of this Community Service activity is to provide knowledge about the preparation of financial statements with the application of Lamikro to MSMEs that are found in the Office of Cooperatives, Micro Business and Trade of Pontianak City. The participants who attended were 34 MSMEs. The methods applied are lecture, tutorial and discussion methods. Before giving a lecture, participants are given pre-test questions first. The pre-test results showed that 80% of participants did not understand the preparation of financial reports both manually and online. At the end of the activity a post test was conducted, which showed that 82.79% of participants had understood the preparation of financial reports both manually and online. This means, there is an increase in the knowledge and understanding of participants from before training and after training. Keywords: MSME, Financial Statements, Lamikro

“Why would I go to the library if I can get all I need from the web?” This question should sound familiar to anyone teaching media studies in a tertiary institution today, and it is becoming an increasingly common question. It is also a question that typifies what has been called the Net Generation, and at the same time raises important questions about the way we teach this generation, particularly when it comes to media education. No longer can we assume that students will actually take the time to read the required readings that we have so painstakingly put together, because it is simply not their way of approaching or engaging with information. The concept of scanning sums it up beautifully: they scan for information, rather than search for specific texts to be engaged with in depth. As Diana and James Oblinger note, “individuals raised with the computer deal with information differently compared to previous cohorts: they develop hypertext minds, they leap around. A linear thought process is much less common than bricolage, or the ability to piece information together from multiple sources” (2.4-2.5). In short, they develop scanning minds. At the risk of sounding ‘old school’, let’s stop and reflect on this for a moment. Firstly, there is the problematic notion of the Net Generation, and in particular its ‘generation’ component. Similar to previous generational constructs like Gen X, Y, Dot.Com Gen, etcetera, it implies that the Net Generation’s characteristics are specifically age related. It can be argued, however, that they are driven by technology (in its social and cultural context…naturally): in other words, regardless of your age, if you engage with a wide variety of media across different platforms in a sustained manner, you are just as likely to develop a scanning mind as any first year student, since the brain is a muscle which is remarkably adept at adapting. Secondly, if we accept that the scanning mind is here to stay, which will take a considerable shift, judging from the frequent rumbles in institutional corridors about the lack of student engagement in classrooms (and I’m certainly not exempt from this myself), then that raises a number of very important, and potentially uncomfortable, questions about our practice in classrooms. For example, if a scanning mind is the equipment that students bring to our lecture theatres, is it appropriate to expect them to listen to us in a sustained manner for two hours, like we have done since time immemorial? Similarly, is the general tutorial format of ‘required reading—discussion about the required reading’ the best way to engage students if the majority consistently fail to make it to the end of that reading? If we can identify what the characteristics of the Net Generation are, should we redesign our teaching practice to suit those characteristics? What are the implications of that for the various types of skills (including generic skills) we imagine to be worthy outcomes of a university degree (or ‘graduate capabilities’ in management speak)? Diana and James Oblinger (2.6-2.7) identify the following characteristics in the Net Generation: ability to read visual images (more comfortable in image-rich environments than with text) visual-spatial skills (developed through playing games) experiential (they learn better through discovery than by being told) ability to shift their attention rapidly from one task to another digitally literate connected/social (peer-to-peer approach) The ability to read visual images sits well with the often heard claim that this generation is ‘media savvy’, but there is a big difference between being able to read (and scan) images and being able to critically engage with those images. The latter poses a challenge to educators, because it is in this realm that traditional academic skills become important. In 1996, an influential paper in the Harvard Educational Review by the so-called New London Group, developed what they called a ‘pedagogy of multiliteracies’, in which they argued for a re-think of what we traditionally understand by literacy (i.e. text-based), to account for “the bourgeoning variety of text forms associated with information and multimedia technologies” (1-2). They implicitly suggest that we need to teach students multiliteracies, but this raises the question of what we understand by multiliteracies. According to Kalantzis and Cope, “meaning is made in ways that are increasingly multimodal—in which written linguistic modes of meaning interface with visual, audio, gestural, and spatial patterns of meaning” (9). This is only sporadically acknowledged in current teaching, and if incorporated at all, its application is generally left to the discretion of individual course coordinators, rather than integrated across the curriculum. At the same time, however, the characteristics of the Net Generation, as outlined above, suggest that there are many skills associated with a multimedia environment that we may not need to teach students. For example, when it comes to visual-spatial skills, developed through game playing, they can probably teach us more than what we can teach them. What the above list of characteristics allows us to do however, is to shift our focus to creatively incorporate the skills that students come equipped with in ways that would teach them the critical skills we want them to develop. This is precisely what MIT’s Comparative Media Studies Program has been concerned with in recent years: collaborating with a variety of partners, ranging from Microsoft to the Royal Shakespeare Company, they have developed gaming scenarios that “cut across different game genres, different academic fields, different pedagogical models, and different strategies for integrating games into the classroom” (Squire and Jenkins 10). There is recognition in their educational game designs that the Net Generation is more comfortable in image-rich environments, that they are experiential learners, that they have the ability to shift their attention rapidly from one task to another, and that they prefer a peer-to-peer approach. The games are designed for different disciplines, from science to history and literary studies, and some are multiplayer games while others are single player games. Students experience the games “not simply as readers or spectators but as players, directors, and authors” (Squire and Jenkins 21). Built into the game designs are mechanisms that stimulate critical thinking (and indeed the acquisition of knowledge); in order to win the game, students need to collaborate (social peer-to-peer interaction), find information, and reflect on their practice. Squire and Jenkins’ examples include a game which allows students to analyse a Shakespeare play (The Taming of the Shrew) by occupying the director’s chair, and an American history game where players fill the shoes of decision makers in history and thus have the ability to ‘virtually’ re-write history, as long as they take responsibility for their decisions. With some creative thinking, these examples could very well be applied to the study of films, television programs, media companies, or even games themselves. The MIT Program is still in its early stages, and there are many issues to be considered, both logistical and philosophical, and many pilot programs to scan, before radically changing age old practices. Furthermore, there is a need to be very clear on pedagogical objectives and projected outcomes, in order to not throw the baby out with the bathwater. In an increasingly competitive higher education context, the temptation to ‘please’ students/clients and peddle to their perceived needs looms large. However, initiatives like the MIT Program show promising ways to harness the Net Generation’s ‘natural’ abilities, rather than condemning them as ‘only interested in instant gratification’. The scanning mind can be seen as a dangerous mind if it never delves below the surface, but if we instead choose to see the scanning mind as a potentially suspicious or sceptical mind, then we have taken the first step in harnessing this scepticism and transforming it into a critical mind. Postscript Despite my initial resolve to make this piece highly scannable, by keeping my sentences short and sharp, I realise I have failed miserably in this regard, which I attribute to my membership of various pre-net generations… References Kalantzis, Mary, and Bill Cope. “Introduction.” Transformations in Language and Learning: Perspectives on Multiliteracies. Ed. Mary Kalantzis and Bill Cope. Melbourne: Common Ground, 2001. 9-18. The New London Group. “A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures.” Harvard Educational Review 66.1 (Spring 1996): 60-92. Oblinger, Diana G., and James L. Oblinger. “Is It Age or IT: First Steps toward Understanding the Net Generation.” Educating the Net Generation. Ed. Diana G. Oblinger and James L. Oblinger. Boulder: Educause, 2005. 2.1-2.20. Squire, Kurt, and Henry Jenkins. “Harnessing the Power of Games in Education.” InSight 3 (2003): 5-33. Citation reference for this article MLA Style Huijser, Henk. "Are Scanning Minds Dangerous Minds, or Merely Suspicious Minds?: Harnessing the Net Generation’s Ability to Scan." M/C Journal 8.4 (2005). echo date('d M. Y'); ?> <http://journal.media-culture.org.au/0508/09-huijser.php>. APA Style Huijser, H. (Aug. 2005) "Are Scanning Minds Dangerous Minds, or Merely Suspicious Minds?: Harnessing the Net Generation’s Ability to Scan," M/C Journal, 8(4). Retrieved echo date('d M. Y'); ?> from <http://journal.media-culture.org.au/0508/09-huijser.php>.