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Click, Melissa A., Brandon Miller, Elizabeth Behm-Morawitz, and Jennifer Stevens Aubrey. "Twi-dudes and Twi-guys." Men and Masculinities 19, no. 3 (March 9, 2015): 219–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x15575159.
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Dahlan, Dede. "Penerapan Good Corporate Governance Pada Nazhir Tunai Yang Terdaftar Di Badan Wakaf Indonesia Studi Kasus Di Tabung Wakaf Indonesia Dan YPI Wakaf AL Azhar." Liquidity 5, no. 2 (June 25, 2018): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32546/lq.v5i2.50.
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There are many understanding of society, that cash waqf it should not be legal. So is the trust factor of people's money management institutions waqf (Nazhir) is still a constraint. Research conducted in Tabung Wakaf Indonesia (TWI) and Wakaf Al Azhar this analysis method, namely the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG). Here researchers using purposive sampling, followed by giving a score using the Likert Scale. To determine whether the data obtained in the field is valid or not, the researchers used a method tri angular source. The results of the assessment of GCG in TWI and Wakaf Al-Azhar obtain a total score of at Tabung Wakaf Indonesia amounting to 3.15. Then the bias is said that the implementation of GCG at TWI and Wakaf Al-Azhar declared "GOOD ENOUGH". While the results of the evaluation tri angular mention, that the data obtained from the results of research in the field both TWI and in Wakaf Al-Azhar, when compared with the corporate governance principles can be declared invalid according to the KNKG.
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Koli, Uttam Balu. "Variations Appearing in the Pronunciation of the Groups of Same Letters Starting with the Alphabet ‘T’ in Different English Words." International Journal of Language, Literature and Culture 3, no. 5 (2023): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijllc.3.5.2.
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The present research article illustrates the variations appearing in the pronunciation of the groups of same letters starting with the alphabet ‘T’ in different English words. The groups of same letters starting with the alphabet ‘T’ in different English words, having variations in the pronunciation, are thirty-five in numbers which are: ta, tai, tate, te, tea, th, tha, the, there, thi, tho, thou, thra, thri, thro, thy, ti, tia, tie, tio, to, tou, tra, tre, trea, tri, tro, trou, tru, try, tte, tu, tua, twi and ty. These thirty-five groups of same letters have been highlighted with three hundred and eighty-five examples including words and phonetic transcriptions which will no doubt facilitate the comprehension in the select section of specifications. The concluding remark and reference list have been affixed in the last part of this study.
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Gyasi, Frederick, and Tim Schlippe. "Twi Machine Translation." Big Data and Cognitive Computing 7, no. 2 (June 8, 2023): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc7020114.
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French is a strategically and economically important language in the regions where the African language Twi is spoken. However, only a very small proportion of Twi speakers in Ghana speak French. The development of a Twi–French parallel corpus and corresponding machine translation applications would provide various advantages, including stimulating trade and job creation, supporting the Ghanaian diaspora in French-speaking nations, assisting French-speaking tourists and immigrants seeking medical care in Ghana, and facilitating numerous downstream natural language processing tasks. Since there are hardly any machine translation systems or parallel corpora between Twi and French that cover a modern and versatile vocabulary, our goal was to extend a modern Twi–English corpus with French and develop machine translation systems between Twi and French: Consequently, in this paper, we present our Twi–French corpus of 10,708 parallel sentences. Furthermore, we describe our machine translation experiments with this corpus. We investigated direct machine translation and cascading systems that use English as a pivot language. Our best Twi–French system is a direct state-of-the-art transformer-based machine translation system that achieves a BLEU score of 0.76. Our best French–Twi system, which is a cascading system that uses English as a pivot language, results in a BLEU score of 0.81. Both systems are fine tuned with our corpus, and our French–Twi system even slightly outperforms Google Translate on our test set by 7% relative.
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Winzeler, Hans Edwin, Phillip R. Owens, Quentin D. Read, Zamir Libohova, Amanda Ashworth, and Tom Sauer. "Topographic Wetness Index as a Proxy for Soil Moisture in a Hillslope Catena: Flow Algorithms and Map Generalization." Land 11, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11112018.
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Topographic wetness index (TWI) is used as a proxy for soil moisture, but how well it performs across varying timescales and methods of calculation is not well understood. To assess the effectiveness of TWI, we examined spatial correlations between in situ soil volumetric water content (VWC) and TWI values over 5 years in soils at 42 locations in an agroforestry catena in Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. We calculated TWI 546 ways using different flow algorithms and digital elevation model (DEM) preparations. We found that most TWI algorithms performed poorly on DEMs that were not first filtered or resampled, but DEM filtration and resampling (collectively called generalization) greatly improved the TWI performance. Seasonal variation of soil moisture influenced TWI performance which was best when conditions were not saturated and not dry. Pearson correlation coefficients between TWI and grand mean VWC for the 5-year measurement period ranged from 0.18 to 0.64 on generalized DEMs and 0.15 to 0.59 for on DEMs that were not generalized. These results aid management of crop fields with variable moisture characteristics.
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Chen, Mei-Ling, Kai-Li Wang, Ya-Ching Sung, Fu-Lai Lin, and Wei-Chuan Yang. "The Dynamic Relationship between the Investment Behavior and the Morgan Stanley Taiwan Index: Foreign Institutional Investors' Decision Process." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 10, no. 03 (September 2007): 389–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091507001124.
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This research employs VAR models, impulse response function, forecast error variance decomposition and bivariate GJR GARCH models, to explore the dynamic relationship between foreign investment and the MSCI Taiwan Index (MSCI–TWI). The estimations of the VAR, impulse-response functions and predicted error variance decomposition tests show that stronger feedback effects exist between net foreign investment and MSCI–TWI. In particular, our results demonstrate that the MSCI–TWI has the greatest influence over the decision-making processes of foreign investors. Also, we see that exchange rates exert a negative influence on both net foreign investment dollars and the MSCI–TWI. In addition, US–Taiwan interest rate difference has a positive influence on net foreign investment dollars and a negative influence on the MSCI–TWI. As for asymmetric own-volatility transmission, negative shocks in the MSCI–TWI tend to create greater volatility for itself in the following period than positive shocks. Our research indicates an asymmetric information transmission mechanism from net foreign investment to MSCI–TWI markets. Moreover, the estimated correlation coefficient shows that MSCI–TWI and net foreign investment dollar have a positive contemporaneous correlation.
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Kasiakogias, Alexandros, Maria Stathoulopoulou, Ioannis Leontsinis, Christos Fragoulis, Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Christina Fillipou, Nikos Karaminas, et al. "PREVALENCE AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF T-WAVE INVERSION IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: A 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY." Journal of Hypertension 42, Suppl 1 (May 2024): e28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0001019560.88510.3f.
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Objective: Data on prevalence and associated prognosis of repolarization abnormalities among hypertensive patients are limited. We investigated the presence and extent of ST-segment and T-wave changes in a hypertensive population and their predictive ability for cardiovascular disease. Design and method: We studied 1851 white Caucasian hypertensive patients (age 58±12years, 51% females) without a history of cardiovascular disease for a mean period of 5.3±3.4 years. At the baseline examination, all patients underwent standard 12-lead electrocardiography. T-wave inversion (TWI) was defined as T-wave deflection > -0.1 mV in > 2 contiguous leads, unless associated with bundle branch block. Anterior, lateral, or inferior TWI was defined as TWI in leads V2-V4 or V5, V6, I, AVL or II, aVF respectively. The depth in millimeters of TWI in each lead was recorded and the maximum depth per location was calculated. ST depression was defined as >1 mm in depth in two or more contiguous leads. During follow-up, patients underwent clinic visits at least yearly for management of hypertension and risk factors. The outcome studied was the incidence of cardiovascular morbidity set as the composite of non-fatal coronary artery disease and stroke. Results: In the entire population, prevalence of TWI was 3.8%, of which 39% presented with anterior TWI, 73% with lateral TWI and 11% with inferior TWI. ST depression was observed in 3.6% of patients (anterior in 0.8%, inferior in 0.9% and lateral in 2.6%). Incidence of the composite endpoint during follow-up was 4%. Cox regression analysis revealed that presence of TWI was associated with a significantly greater risk for cardiovascular events (HR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1-5.9, p=0.025). The association was stronger for lateral TWI (HR: 3.3, 95%: CI: 1.34-8.30, p=0.01) compared to other locations. In multivariate models controlling for standard confounders these associations were overall sustained. Depth of TWI and presence of ST depression were not associated with cardiovascular risk. Conclusions: Among hypertensive patients without cardiovascular disease, TWI is infrequent but significantly associated with future cardiovascular events. Lateral TWI carries the worse prognosis.
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Ding, Ye, Zhencheng Xie, Xiaolong Lu, Hongliang Luo, Han Pan, Xiaofang Lin, Jieshu Wu, and Zhixu Wang. "Water Intake in Pregnant Women in China, 2018: The Report of a Survey." Nutrients 13, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072219.
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Background: Adequate water intake in pregnant women plays an important role in their health and in fetal growth and development. However, there is insufficient applicable data to guide and evaluate the water intake of pregnant women in China. Based on a nationwide sample of pregnant women, we mainly aimed to investigate the daily total water intake (TWI) and the contribution of different beverages and food sources to the TWI, to assess the percentage of participants who comply with the adequate intake (AI) value of water set by the Chinese Nutrition Society (CNS) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and to analyze the contribution of different water sources to the daily total energy intake (TEI). Methods: A multi-stage sampling method was used to recruit pregnant women from 11 provinces and two municipalities in China. A 4-day online diary with a food atlas was used to assess water and dietary intake. Finally, 653 pregnant women were included in the analysis. The Mann–Whitney U test and the independent-sample t-test were used to compare the differences between related variables in different age groups or different gestational periods, and partial correlation was used to explore the correlation between water and energy intake. Results: The median daily TWI of pregnant women was 2190 mL, of which water from beverages and foods accounted for 52.9% and 47.1%, respectively. Approximately 80.5% of the water from beverages was mainly from plain water (r = 0.973), while in the part of the water from foods, dishes (32.4%) were the main contributors (r = 0.663). Only 16.4% and 43.8% of the total population met the TWI recommendation set by the CNS and EFSA, respectively. Among these, the contribution of the water from beverages was higher than that of the water from food. For those whose TWI did not reach the recommended level, the contribution of the water from beverages was almost equal to that of food. The median daily TEI of pregnant women was 1589 kcal, of which beverages accounted for 9.7%. Milk and milk derivatives (71.3%) were the main contributors to energy from beverages, accounting for 71.3% (r = 0.444). Although sugar-sweetened drinks only accounted for 10.1% of the energy from beverages, they were highly correlated with energy from beverages (r = 0.836). Through grouping analysis, age and gestational period had no significant effect on the above main results. Conclusions: This was the beginning of a nationwide study on the TWI of pregnant women in China, and the results provide evidence of the need for interventions to improve water intake among pregnant women and the revision of reference values for AI of TWI in pregnant women in China.
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Tsoy, I. R., and I. P. Kolos. "T-wave inversion in the precordial leads: сardiac and non-cardiac causes." Kardiologiia 60, no. 5 (May 4, 2020): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2020.5.n668.
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The T-wave inversion (TWI) is a common electrocardiographic finding. Causes for TWI are numerous and sometimes TWI may appear in life-threatening conditions. The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date analysis of TWI, including i) definition and prevalence; ii) causes, and iii) differential diagnosis in benign TWI, reversible myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular anterior wall; takotsubo cardiomyopathy; subarachnoid hemorrhage; pulmonary embolism; right ventricular arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy; and “cardiac memory”. The review presents practical electrophysiological criteria, which allow suspecting in time a life-threatening condition to choose an up-to-date treatment.
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Zhuang, Yiding, Zhencheng Xie, Minghan Fu, Hongliang Luo, Yitong Li, Ye Ding, and Zhixu Wang. "Assessment of Water Intake among Chinese Toddlers: The Report of a Survey." Nutrients 16, no. 13 (June 25, 2024): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16132012.
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Toddlerhood (aged 13~36 months) is a period of dietary transition, with water intake being significantly influenced by parental feeding patterns, cultural traditions, and the availability of beverages and food. Nevertheless, given the lack of applicable data, it is challenging to guide and evaluate the water intake of toddlers in China. In this study, our objectives were to assess the daily total water intake (TWI), evaluate the consumption patterns of various beverages and food sources contributing to the TWI, determine the conformity of participants to the adequate intake (AI) recommendation of water released by the Chinese Nutrition Society, and analyze the various contributors to the daily total energy intake (TEI). The data for the assessment of water and dietary intake were obtained from the cross-sectional dietary intake survey of infants and young children (DSIYC, 2018–2019). A total of 1360 eligible toddlers were recruited in the analysis. The differences in related variables between two age groups were compared by Mann–Whitney U test and Chi-Square test. The potential correlation between water and energy intake was examined utilizing age-adjusted partial correlation. Toddlers consumed a median daily TWI of 1079 mL, with 670 mL (62.3%, r = 0.752) derived from beverages and 393 mL (37.7%, r = 0.716) from foods. Plain water was the primary beverage source, contributing 300 mL (52.2%, r = 0.823), followed by milk and milk derivatives (MMDs) at 291 mL (45.6%, r = 0.595). Notably, only 28.4% of toddlers managed to reach the recommended AI value. Among these, toddlers obtain more water from beverages than from foods. The median daily TEI of toddlers was 762 kcal, including 272 kcal from beverages (36.4%, r = 0.534) and 492 kcal from foods (63.6%, r = 0.894). Among these, the median daily energy intake from MMDs was 260 kcal, making up 94.6% of the energy intake from beverages (r = 0.959). As the pioneer survey on TWI of toddlers in China based on nationally representative data, attention to the quality and quantity of water intake and actions to better guide parents by both individuals and authorities are eagerly anticipated. Additionally, the revision of the reference value of TWI for Chinese toddlers is urgently required.
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Waligóra, Marcin, Matylda Gliniak, Jan Bylica, Paweł Pasieka, Patrycja Łączak, Piotr Podolec, and Grzegorz Kopeć. "Extended Precordial T Wave Inversions Are Associated with Right Ventricular Enlargement and Poor Prognosis in Pulmonary Hypertension." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 10 (May 16, 2021): 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102147.
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In pulmonary hypertension (PH), T wave inversions (TWI) are typically observed in precordial leads V1–V3 but can also extend further to the left-sided leads. To date, the cause and prognostic significance of this extension have not yet been assessed. Therefore, we aimed to assess the relationship between heart morphology and precordial TWI range, and the role of TWI in monitoring treatment efficacy and predicting survival. We retrospectively analyzed patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) treated in a reference pulmonary hypertension center. Patients were enrolled if they had a cardiac magnetic resonance (cMR) and 12-lead surface ECG performed at the time of assessment. They were followed from October 2008 until March 2021. We enrolled 77 patients with PAH and 56 patients with inoperable CTEPH. They were followed for a mean of 51 ± 33.5 months, and during this time 47 patients died (35.3%). Precordial TWI in V1–V6 were present in 42 (31.6%) patients, while no precordial TWI were observed only in 9 (6.8%) patients. The precordial TWI range correlated with markers of PH severity, including right ventricle to left ventricle volume RVEDVLVEDV (R = 0.76, p < 0.0001). The presence of TWI in consecutive leads from V1 to at least V5 predicted severe RV dilatation (RVEDVLVEDV ≥ 2.3) with a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 84.1% (AUC of 0.90, 95% CI = 0.83–0.94, p < 0.0001). Presence of TWI from V1 to at least V5 was also a predictor of mortality in Kaplan–Meier estimation (p = 0.02). Presence of TWI from V1 to at least V5 had a specificity of 64.3%, sensitivity of 58.1%, negative predictive value of 75%, and positive predictive value of 45.5% as a mortality predictor. In patients showing a reduction in TWI range of at least one lead after treatment compared with patients without this reduction, we observed a significant improvement in RV-EDV and RV−EDVLV−EDV. We concluded that the extension of TWI to left-sided precordial leads reflects significant pathological alterations in heart geometry represented by an increase in RV/LV volume and predicts poor survival in patients with PAH and CTEPH. Additionally, we found that analysis of precordial TWI range can be used to monitor the effectiveness of hemodynamic response to treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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Zárate, Belizario A., Rachid El Hamdouni, and Tomás Fernández del Castillo. "Characterization and Analysis of Landslide Evolution in Intramountain Areas in Loja (Ecuador) Using RPAS Photogrammetric Products." Remote Sensing 15, no. 15 (August 3, 2023): 3860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15153860.
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This case study focuses on the area of El Plateado near the city of Loja, Ecuador, where landslides with a high impact on infrastructures require monitoring and control. The main objectives of this work are the characterization of the landslide and the monitoring of its kinematics. Four flights were conducted using a remotely piloted aerial vehicle (RPAS) to capture aerial images that were processed with SfM techniques to generate digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthoimages of high resolution (0.05 m) and sufficient accuracy (below 0.05 m) for subsequent analyses. Thus, the DEM of differences (DoD) and profiles are obtained, but a morphometric analysis is conducted to quantitatively characterize the landslide’s elements and study its evolution. Parameters such as slope, aspect, topographic position index (TPI), terrain roughness index (TRI), and topographic wetness index (TWI) are analyzed. The results show a higher slope and roughness for scarps compared to stable areas and other elements. From TPI, slope break lines have been extracted, which allow the identification of landslide features such as scarps and toe tip. The landslide shows important changes in the landslide body surface, the retraction of the main scarp, and advances of the foot. A general decrease in average slope and TRI and an increase in TWI are also observed due to the landslide evolution and stabilization. The presence of fissures and the infiltration of rainfall water in the unsaturated soil layers, which consist of high-plasticity clays and silts, contribute to the instability. Thus, the study provides insights into the measurement accuracy, identification and characterization of landslide elements, morphometric analysis, landslide evolution, and the relationship with geotechnical factors that contribute to a better understanding of landslides. A higher frequency of the RPAS surveys and quality of geotechnical and meteorological data are required to improve the instability analysis together with a major automation of the GIS procedures.
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Reuter, R., and M. Leptin. "Interacting functions of snail, twist and huckebein during the early development of germ layers in Drosophila." Development 120, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 1137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.5.1137.
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Two zygotic genes, snail (sna) and twist (twi), are required for mesoderm development, which begins with the formation of the ventral furrow. Both twi and sna are expressed ventrally in the blastoderm, encode transcription factors and promote the invagination of the ventral furrow by activating or repressing appropriate target genes. However, sna and twi alone do not define the position of the ventral furrow, since they are also expressed in ventral cells that do not invaginate. We show that huckebein (hkb) sets the anterior and the posterior borders of the ventral furrow, but acts by different modes of regulation. In the posterior part of the blastoderm, hkb represses the expression of sna in the endodermal primordium (which we suggest to be adjacent to the mesodermal primordium). In the anterior part, hkb antagonizes the activation of target genes by twi and sna. Here, bicoid permits the co-expression of hkb, sna and twi, which are all required for the development of the anterior digestive tract. We suggest that mesodermal fate is determined where sna and twi but not hkb are expressed. Anteriorly hkb together with sna determines endodermal fate, and hkb together with sna and twi are required for foregut development.
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Drover, D. R., C. R. Jackson, M. Bitew, and E. Du. "Effects of DEM scale on the spatial distribution of the TOPMODEL topographic wetness index and its correlations to watershed characteristics." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 11 (November 12, 2015): 11817–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-11817-2015.
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Abstract. Topographic wetness indices (TWIs) calculated from digital elevation models (DEMs) are meant to predict relative landscape wetness and should have predictive power for soil and vegetation attributes. While previous researchers have shown cumulative TWI distributions shift to larger values as DEM resolution decreases, there has been little work assessing how DEM scales affect TWI spatial distributions and correlations with soil and vegetation properties. We explored how various DEM resolutions (2, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 50 m) subsampled from high definition LiDAR altered the spatial distribution of TWI values and the correlations of these values with soil characteristics determined from point samples, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) soil units, depths to groundwater, and managed vegetation distributions within a first order basin in the Upper Southeastern Coastal Plain with moderate slopes, flat valleys, and several wetlands. Point-scale soil characteristics were determined by laboratory analysis of point samples collected from riparian transects and hillslope grids. DEM scale affected the spatial distribution of TWI values in ways that affect our interpretation of landscape processes. At the finest DEM resolutions, valleys disappeared as TWI values were driven by local microtopography and not basin position. Spatial distribution of TWI values most closely matched the spatial distribution of soils, depth to groundwater, and vegetation stands for the 10, 20, and 30 m resolutions. DEM resolution affected the shape and direction of relationships between soil nitrogen and carbon contents and TWI values, but TWI values provided poor prediction of soil chemistry at all resolutions.
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Nassour Aware, Brahim. "Benign Late T Wave Inversion Post Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Case Report of Myocardial Reperfusion Sign Appearing Late on ECG." Cardiology Research and Reports 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2692-9759/085.
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The onset of new T wave inversion (TWI) on an electrocardiogram (ECG) has always been considered an alarming sign of myocardial ischemia. Successful myocardial infarction reperfusion is indicated by the presence of early TWI after revascularization. We report a case of benign late precordial TWI post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with no evidence of myocardial ischemia.
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Pathak, Atul Arun. "Enabling lifelong learning: the key to agility at ThoughtWorks India." Human Resource Management International Digest 25, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hrmid-07-2016-0108.
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Purpose The paper aims to describe the innovative learning culture, practices and processes at ThoughtWorks India (TWI), a software application development company in India. These practices support continual learning and development at the level of employees, project teams and the entire organization. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws upon the unique case of TWI. It describes the need for continual learning at TWI. It then describes how the organization has promoted a culture of continual learning on an individual, team and organizational level. It explains how the learning practices and processes aligns to the project level and organizational goals. Findings Because of the complex and difficult nature of software development projects that TWI takes up regularly, it needs its employees to be at the cutting edge of technological skills and know-how. If this was to be attempted through formal training programs, it would turn out to be extremely expensive and inefficient way of learning for TWI. Instead, TWI relies on on-the-job-learning. It does so through a variety of innovative work practices that are described in the paper. It also achieves its learning goals through a culture that supports continual learning and development of employees. Practical implications The learning related practices, processes and mechanisms used at TWI can be emulated by companies in the software development industry. This will ensure that employees learn and develop their skill-sets all the time and remain at the cutting edge of technological developments. This will help organizations pitch for and successfully deliver difficult and complex software development projects that add very high value to their clients. Social implications The social implications of the approach followed by TWI are positive. Employees are motivated to improve themselves every day. They understand the need for doing so. Also, they appreciate the fact that TWI supports continual learning and development. Knowledge sharing among employees is encouraged through the practices followed almost daily in projects. Originality/value The paper considers a unique set of learning and development practices, processes and mechanisms in TWI, a software development company in India.
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Ma, Sen, Fang Xie, Yun Zhi Wang, and Liang Chen. "High Precision Double-Interferometry for Large Step-Height On-Line Measurement Using Waveform Transforming Technology." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 1122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.1122.
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This paper focuses on obtaining high measurement precision for large step-height by double-interferometry using waveform transforming technology. The interferometer performing the measurement, which is stabilized by a feedback loop and is robust enough for on-line measurement, works simultaneously in both modes of single-wavelength interferometry (SWI) and two-wavelength interferoemetry (TWI). In order to make the peak point of the TWI signal prominent and unique, the cosine-amplitude-modulated TWI signal has been transformed to be a triangular signal with the same frequency as the cosine-amplitude modulating and being in phase with it. The positions of the one-to-one corresponding peaks of the TWI signal and the triangular signal are the same. As the peak point of the triangular signal can be addressed much more precisely than that of the TWI signal, by employing the shifting range of the peak of the triangular signal instead of that of the TWI signal to determine the amplitude of the step height while using the SWI signal to measure the value of it, the system could measure the height with high precision. The standard deviation of measuring a gauge block with the height of 0.5mm is 0.8nm.
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Nucifera, Fitria, and Sutanto Trijuni Putro. "Deteksi Kerawanan Banjir Genangan Menggunakan Topographic Wetness Index (TWI)." Media Komunikasi Geografi 18, no. 2 (January 5, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/mkg.v18i2.12088.
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Flood is the most frequent disaster occured in Indonesia. Flood events result in loss and damage to communities and the environment. Floods are triggered by several factors including hydrometeorological factors, topography, geology, soil and human activities. Topographic factor is one of the flood trigger control factors. Topographic calculation for flood inundation detection can be done by Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) method. The TWI method focuses on topographic conditions of the region, especially the upper slopes and lower slopes to assess the trend of water accumulation in a region. TWI calculations are based on the topography of an area represented by DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data in the form of DTM (Digital Terrain Model). The high value of TWI is associated with high flood vulnerability. Based on the calculation of TWI value, flood-prone areas in Kebumen District include Adimulyo Subdistrict, Puring Subdistrict, Ambal Subdistrict, Rowokele Subdistrict and Buayan Subdistrict.
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Esteves Naves, Fernando, and Rherison Tyrone Silva Almeida. "ÍNDICE TOPOGRÁFICO DE UMIDADE COMO MÉTODO PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PONTOS DE ALAGAMENTO EM ÁREAS URBANAS." Sociedade e Território 33, no. 1 (May 9, 2021): 209–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21680/2177-8396.2021v33n1id22836.
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Objetiva-se avaliar o método do Índice Topográfico de Umidade (TWI) para identificação de pontos de alagamentos em áreas urbanas, utilizando como estudo de caso o município de Goiânia (GO). Foram utilizados registros de alagamentos e vítimas fatais da Defesa Civil, dados de geologia e declividade e um Modelo Digital de Elevação de 4,6 metros de resolução espacial. Para obtenção do TWI, aplicou-se o MDE em um software para Sistema de Informações Geográficas. Os pontos de alagamento e de vítimas fatais registrados pela Defesa Civil de Goiânia demonstram conformidade com os valores identificados no mapeamento do TWI. Foi observado vítimas fatais em locais com valores de TWI acima de 9,4. A ocorrência de vítimas fatais está associada também com a proximidade de corpos hídricos e ausência do cumprimento da legislação ambiental referente às Áreas de Preservação Permanente. Recomenda-se o TWI para identificação de áreas de risco como método para adoção de medidas estratégicas.
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Feinauer, Erika, and Elizabeth R. Howard. "Attending to the third goal." Language Immersion Education 2, no. 2 (September 12, 2014): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jicb.2.2.07fei.
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In two-way immersion (TWI) programs in the United States, the development of student cross-cultural competence is one of three primary goals, along with academic achievement and bilingualism and biliteracy. However, as “the third goal,” cross-cultural outcomes have received less scholarly attention. In this article, we briefly review the literature on cross-cultural outcomes for students in TWI programs, and highlight a consistent focus on the self in these studies, particularly as it relates to student identity. As cross-cultural competence begins with awareness of the self within the socially and culturally diverse classrooms that TWI provides, we assert that scholarly attention should be paid to the ways that TWI programs support identity development as an aspect of achieving the third goal of cross-cultural competence. We offer brief descriptions of three theoretical frameworks that hold promise for scholars considering student identity development within TWI, and close with suggestions for further research.
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Wagner, Sam. "Hands Around The Job." Mechanical Engineering 131, no. 02 (February 1, 2009): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2009-feb-2.
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This paper focuses on Training within Industry (TWI) that provides a strong foundation for a lean culture. Many manufacturing companies incorporate Lean Manufacturing initiatives to streamline their business procedures. One of the best known is Kaizen, the Japanese word for “continuous improvement.” It is based on short term, focused projects to eliminate waste and improve processes. When integrated into a work environment, TWI can produce sustainable improvements in your operations, creating a strong foundation that can keep your business productive and vital even during today’s challenging economic climate. TWI consists of three key teachings: job instruction, job methods, and job relations. The TWI process provides employees with an opportunity to become certified trainers in each of the three teachings. TWI can teach an entire organization to look at challenges not as problems, but as opportunities for innovation. This tool of the Lean Manufacturing toolbox can serve as the foundation your organization needs to stay competitive and vital for years to come.
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Furman, Joanna. "The use of the TWI Method to Improve Safety at the Work Station." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0072.
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Abstract Ensuring work safety in manufacturing enterprises is one of the employer’s basic obligations under legal provisions. Actions taken in this area translate into a reduction in the number of registered accidents at work, occupational diseases or potentially accidental events. Limiting these types of events is possible by implementing preventive solutions to reduce the risk, employers ‘and employees’ cooperation in the field of occupational health and safety. These activities may take the form of technical solutions, but above all organizational. Enterprises use various management concepts that have an impact on improving work safety. One of the solutions eliminating or reducing hazards occurring at workplaces is the TWI (Training Within Industry) program. The TWI program is the foundation of a management culture based on continuous improvement and a continuous learning process. It is considered the starting point to implement the Lean Manufacturing concept. One of the TWI modules is aimed to creating a safe workplace, i.e. TWI-Job Safety (TWI-JS). The publication presents the results of the analysis of operations performed at a selected workstation in the production enterprise in the aspect of identifying and eliminating or limiting possible direct and indirect causes of hazards that may lead to accidents at work. For this purpose, a four-step TWI-JS method was used.
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Fitra, Joni, Semangat Marudut Tua Debataraja, and Lismawaty. "Identification of flood vulnerability using the topographic wetness index method in Pantai Labu Baru village, Deli Serdang, North Sumatera." E3S Web of Conferences 483 (2024): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448301014.
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Soil characteristics that are unique and have the potential for flooding can provide information about a condition of flood vulnerability related to various factors. These factors are interrelated to one another. This study aims to detect Flood Vulnerability through the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) Method Using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in Pantai Labu Baru Village. This study focuses on knowing the spatial distribution of flood-prone areas based on the TWI value and the accuracy of using the TWI value in determining flood vulnerability in Pantai Labu Baru Village, Deli Serdang Regency, which is one of the areas in North Sumatra Province with a fairly high level of flood vulnerability. Pantai Labu Baru Village is 5 kilometers from the beach. The area of Pantai Labu Baru Village is 1512239.15197 m2, according to the administrative map of the community. Paddy fields, plantations, and fields make up the majority of the land use in Pantai Labu Baru Village. The slope angle ranges from 0° to 19.9°. The TWI value falls between -8.3898 to 10.8494. The degree of slope also suggests a greater TWI value along with the lower slope angle. The degree of vulnerability to floods increases with the TWI value.
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Schultz, Ulrich, and Margareth Heuveling. "Lean werken door TWI." TPO - De Praktijk 14, no. 2 (April 2019): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12503-019-0020-6.
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Longman, Ryan J., Henry F. Diaz, and Thomas W. Giambelluca. "Sustained Increases in Lower-Tropospheric Subsidence over the Central Tropical North Pacific Drive a Decline in High-Elevation Rainfall in Hawaii." Journal of Climate 28, no. 22 (November 15, 2015): 8743–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0006.1.
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Abstract Consistent increases in the strength and frequency of occurrence of the trade wind inversion (TWI) are identified across a ~40-yr period (1973–2013) in Hawaii. Changepoint analysis indicates that a marked shift occurred in the early 1990s resulting in a 20% increase in the mean TWI frequency between the periods 1973–90 and 1991–2013, based on the average of changes at two sounding stations and two 6-month (dry and wet) seasons. Regional increases in the atmospheric subsidence are identified in four reanalysis datasets over the same ~40-yr time period. The post-1990 period mean for the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis shows increases in subsidence of 33% and 41% for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Good agreement was found between the time series of TWI frequency of occurrence and omega, suggesting that previously reported increases in the intensity of Hadley cell subsidence are driving the observed increases in TWI frequency. Correlations between omega and large-scale modes of internal climate variability such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) do not explain the abrupt shift in TWI frequency in the early 1990s in both seasons. Reported increases in TWI frequency of occurrence may provide some explanation for climate change–related precipitation change at high elevations in Hawaii. On average, post-1990 rainfall was 6% lower in the dry season and 31% lower in the wet season at nine high-elevation sites. Rainfall was significantly correlated with TWI frequency at all of the stations analyzed.
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Abdul-Ganiyu, Fuseini, Benjamin Adu Obeng, Bright Asare, and Yarhands Dissou Arthur. "Effects of Mother Tongue Instruction on Students Mathematical Achievement in the Bekwai Municipal, Ghana." Golden Ratio of Social Science and Education 4, no. 1 (April 24, 2024): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52970/grsse.v4i1.395.
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The study examined the effect of the mother tongue teaching on students' mathematical achievement. From St. Joseph Senior High Technical School, two experimental classes and one control class were chosen. While the control group was instructed only in English, the first experimental group was instructed exclusively in their native language (Twi), whereas the second experimental class was instructed using mother tongue (Twi) as an additional medium of instruction. The results of the pre-test and post-test were statistically examined using the t-test. The findings showed that using Twi as the sole teaching language and using English as the only training language were equally unsuccessful, while mother tongue (Twi) was found to be statistically significant in improving students’ mathematics achievement.
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Akoto, Osei Yaw, Charles Ofosu Marfo, Juliet Oppong-Asare Ansah, Emmanuel Antwi Fordjour, and Isaac Adjei Forson. "Examining graphemic and lexical anglicisms in Twi for academic purposes in textbooks written in Twi." Linguistik Online 113, no. 1 (February 9, 2022): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.113.8309.
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This paper examines graphemic and lexical borrowings in Twi for Academic Purposes (TAP). Textbooks written in Asante Twi by some renowned scholars in the language constituted the dataset for this study. The textbooks were read and all instances of anglicisms or English features borrowed into Twi were collected. The borrowed-features were identified by drawing on our native speaker and scholarly competencies. The dataset was analyzed by drawing on Clyne’s (1977) Borrowing Typology and Haugen’s (1950) Borrowability Scale. Three key findings emerged from the analysis. First, the study yielded that in TAP two letters (<v>, and <j>) are borrowed towards empowering Asante Twi to enable it to account for words that contain these letters. Second, at the lexical level, it was found that the borrowed words were either integrated or adapted into Asante Twi linguistic environment. The final point was that all the lexical items realized were nominals affirming the primacy of noun on borrowability scales. The findings have implications for developing Ghanaian languages for academic purposes.
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Ray, R. P., K. Arora, C. Nusslein-Volhard, and W. M. Gelbart. "The control of cell fate along the dorsal-ventral axis of the Drosophila embryo." Development 113, no. 1 (September 1, 1991): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.113.1.35.
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We have analyzed the contributions made by maternal and zygotic genes to the establishment of the expression patterns of four zygotic patterning genes: decapentaplegic (dpp), zerknullt (zen), twist (twi), and snail (sna). All of these genes are initially expressed either dorsally or ventrally in the segmented region of the embryo, and at the poles. In the segmented region of the embryo, correct expression of these genes depends on cues from the maternal morphogen dorsal (dl). The dl gradient appears to be interpreted on three levels: dorsal cells express dpp and zen, but not twi and sna; lateral cells lack expression of all four genes; ventral cells express twi and sna, but not dpp and zen. dl appears to activate the expression of twi and sna and repress the expression of dpp and zen. Polar expression of dpp and zen requires the terminal system to override the repression by dl, while that of twi and sna requires the terminal system to augment activation by dl. The zygotic expression patterns established by the maternal genes appear to specify autonomous domains that carry out independent developmental programs, insofar as mutations in the genes that are expressed ventrally do not affect the initiation or ontogeny of the expression patterns of the genes that are expressed dorsally, and vice versa. However, interactions between the zygotic genes specific to a particular morphological domain appear to be important for further elaboration of the three levels specified by dl. Two of the genes, dpp and twi, are unaffected by mutations in any of the tested zygotic dorsal-ventral genes, suggesting that dpp and twi are the primary patterning genes for dorsal ectoderm and mesoderm, respectively.
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Zhang, Jianfen, Guansheng Ma, Songming Du, and Na Zhang. "The Relationships between Water Intake and Hydration Biomarkers and the Applications for Assessing Adequate Total Water Intake among Young Adults in Hebei, China." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (October 26, 2021): 3805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113805.
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Water is an essential nutrient for humans. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 159 young adults aged 18–23 years in Hebei, China. The total drinking fluids and water from food were obtained by 7-day 24 h fluid intake questionnaires and the duplicate portion method, respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were performed to determine the relationship between fluid intake and 24 h urinary biomarkers and plasma biomarkers. A multivariable partial least squares (PLS) model was used to identify the key predictors in modeling the total water intake (TWI) with 24 h urine biomarkers. Logistic regressions of the TWI against binary variables were performed, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was analyzed to determine the cutoff value of the TWI for the optimal hydration status and dehydration without adjustments to favor either the sensitivity or specificity. In total, 156 participants (80 males and 76 females) completed the study. Strong relationships were found between the total drinking fluids, TWI, and 24 h urine biomarkers among young adults, especially for the 24 h urine volume (r = 0.784, p < 0.001; r = 0.747, p < 0.001) and osmolality (r = −0.589, p < 0.001; r = −0.477, p < 0.001), respectively. As for the FMU and plasma biomarkers, no strong relationships were found. The percentages of the variance in TWI explained by the PLS model with 13 urinary biomarkers were 66.9%. The optimal TWI values for assessing the optimal hydration and dehydration were 2892 mL and 2482 mL for young males, respectively, and 2139 mL and 1507 mL for young females, respectively. Strong relationships were found between the TWI, total drinking fluids, and 24 h urine biomarkers, but not with the FMU and plasma biomarkers, among young adults, including males and females. The 24 h urine biomarkers were more sensitive than the first morning urinary biomarkers in reflecting the fluid intake. The TWI was a reliable index for assessing the hydration statuses for young adults in free-living conditions.
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Meena, Sansar Raj, Silvia Puliero, Kushanav Bhuyan, Mario Floris, and Filippo Catani. "Assessing the importance of conditioning factor selection in landslide susceptibility for the province of Belluno (region of Veneto, northeastern Italy)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 21, 2022): 1395–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1395-2022.
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Abstract. In the domain of landslide risk science, landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) is very important, as it helps spatially identify potential landslide-prone regions. This study used a statistical ensemble model (frequency ratio and evidence belief function) and two machine learning (ML) models (random forest and XGBoost; eXtreme Gradient Boosting) for LSM in the province of Belluno (region of Veneto, northeastern Italy). The study investigated the importance of the conditioning factors in predicting landslide occurrences using the mentioned models. In this paper, we evaluated the importance of the conditioning factors in the overall prediction capabilities of the statistical and ML algorithms. By the trial-and-error method, we eliminated the least “important” features by using a common threshold of 0.30 for statistical and 0.03 for ML algorithms. Conclusively, we found that removing the least important features does not impact the overall accuracy of LSM for all three models. Based on the results of our study, the most commonly available features, for example, the topographic features, contributes to comparable results after removing the least important ones, namely the aspect plan and profile curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI), topographic roughness index (TRI), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the case of the statistical model and the plan and profile curvature, TWI, and topographic position index (TPI) for ML algorithms. This confirms that the requirement for the important conditioning factor maps can be assessed based on the physiography of the region.
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Džubáková, Martina, and Michal Kopták. "Work Standardisation in Logistics Processes." Quality Innovation Prosperity 21, no. 2 (July 31, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/qip.v21i2.880.
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<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The article presents a concept of synergy between MTM (Methods Time Measurement) and TWI (Training within the Industry) methods through a case study conducted on elementary logistics processes. MTM brings optimisation into logistics operations and creates quality and efficiency standards. TWI provides the means of application of these standards at work to drive improvement.</p><p><strong>Methodology/Approach:</strong> To show a prospective viability/added value of the MTM and TWI combination, we present a case study involving simple logistics processes. We use the MTM as a standardisation method and the TWI as a variability control and process improvement concept.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> The MTM times generally determined as an external regulation, may not reflect the level of skills of workers in a specific company and often create a barrier to internal improvement. The concept of work standardisation based on the MTM method synergised with the TWI creates a dynamic improving system.</p><p><strong>Research Limitation/implication:</strong> Individual variations in the processes need to be accounted for and the terminology of current optimisation method and improvement concept need to be adapted accordingly in the present analysis. The methods of MTM and TWI employed in our study now slowly penetrate the logistics processes.</p><strong>Originality/Value of paper:</strong> The paper introduces a new approach to the methodology of internal logistics improvement. The MTM work standards increase the stability and productivity in logistics. However, they often hinder the change by allowing for only low degree of flexibility. Combining them with the concept of TWI, we can enhance quality and foster the human potential to change.
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Uzzell, Elizabeth M., and Jennifer B. Ayscue. "Racial integration through two-way dual language immersion: A case study." education policy analysis archives 29 (April 12, 2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.29.5949.
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Despite increasingly diverse public school enrollment, students across the U.S. are still segregated by race and poverty, and English learners (ELs) often experience triple segregation by race, poverty, and language. Two-way immersion (TWI) programs may create racially integrated learning environments, by offering a dual language model that balances native English speakers and speakers of the partner language. Through semi-structured interviews, observation, and document analysis, this qualitative case study examined how a Spanish TWI program facilitates integration in a rural elementary school. Findings show that students from different backgrounds may have equal status in mutually beneficial environments, can become bilingual and bicultural, and may experience lifelong benefits. Implications include the need for increased federal, state, and local funding to support districts using TWI to achieve integration as well as a federal language policy that promotes TWI.
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Niu, Lifeng, Hermann Kaufmann, Guochang Xu, Guangzong Zhang, Chaonan Ji, Yufang He, and Mengfei Sun. "Triangle Water Index (TWI): An Advanced Approach for More Accurate Detection and Delineation of Water Surfaces in Sentinel-2 Data." Remote Sensing 14, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 5289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14215289.
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One of the most basic classification tasks in remote sensing is to distinguish between water bodies and other surface types. Although there are numerous techniques for extracting surface water from satellite imagery, there is still a need for research to more accurately identify water bodies with a view to efficient water maintenance in the future. Delineation accuracy is limited by varying amounts of suspended matter and different background land covers, especially those with low albedo. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop an advanced index that improves the accuracy of extracting water bodies characterized by varying amounts of water constituents, especially in mountainous regions with highly rugged terrain, urban areas with cast shadows, and snow- and ice-covered areas. In this context, we propose a triangle water index (TWI) based on Sentinel-2 data. The principle of the TWI is that it first analyzes the reflectance values of water bodies in different wavelength bands to determine specific types. Then, triangles are constructed in a cartesian coordinate system according to the reflectance values of different water bodies in the respective wavelength bands. Finally, the TWI is achieved by using the triangle similarity theorem. We tested the accuracy and robustness of the TWI method using Sentinel-2 data of several water bodies in Mongolia, Canada, Sweden, the United States, and China and determined kappa coefficients and the overall precision. The performance of the classifier was compared with methods such as the normalized difference water index (NDWI), the modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), the enhanced water index (EWI), the automated water extraction index (AWEI), and the land surface water index (LSWI). The classification accuracy of the TWI for all test sites is significantly higher than that of these indices that are commonly used classification methods. The overall precision of the TWI ranges between 95% and 97%. Moreover, the TWI is also effective in extracting flooded areas. Hence, the TWI can automatically extract different water bodies from Sentinel-2 data with high accuracy, which provides also a favorable analysis method for the study of droughts and flood disasters and for the general maintenance of water bodies in the future.
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Fosu, Peter, Adu David Tuffour, Mary Andoh, Agnes Adwoa Mensah, Kennedy Bandoh, and Felicia Asamoah Poku. "Affixation in Relation to Nominal Pronouns and their Contribution to Discourse in Ghanaian Language (Twi)." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. XI (2023): 945–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7011073.
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This study examined the phenomenon of affixation in relation to nominal pronouns and their contribution to discourse in Twi. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants for the study. The participants were selected based on their proficiency in Twi and their knowledge of affixation in relation to nominal pronouns. Purposive sampling was used to elicit significant information for the study. In all one hundred (100) participants consisting of both native and non-native speakers of Twi were considered. Twenty-five (25) from Atebubu Senior High School, fifty (50) from Asare Bediako Senior High School Akrokerri and twenty-five (25) from Berekum Senior High School. The instrument for data collection was unstructured interview consisting of open-ended questions. The unstructured interview was developed based on Owu-Ewie (2010), unstructured interview is a flexible way of obtaining information from participants in the field of research. The investigation revealed that, adding a morpheme, which is a meaningful linguistic unit, to a base word to change its meaning or create a new word is significant in Twi. The use of affixation in nominal pronouns contributes significantly to discourse in Twi by providing information about the speaker’s social identity, the social relationship between the speaker and the addressee, and the context of the communication. The study of affixation in nominal pronouns and its contribution to discourse in Twi have significant implications for language teaching, language policy. Theory that underpins this study is discourse analysis theory propounded by Foucault (1969). The theory explores the concepts of discourse and how knowledge is organized and produced through discursive formation.
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Kuhlmann, Henning, Lena Garczarek, David Künne, Kevin Pattberg, Annabell Skarabis, Mirjam Frank, Börge Schmidt, et al. "Bedside Hyperspectral Imaging and Organ Dysfunction Severity in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients—A Prospective, Monocentric Observational Study." Bioengineering 10, no. 10 (October 6, 2023): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10101167.
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Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a non-invasive technology that provides information on biochemical tissue properties, including skin oxygenation and perfusion quality. Microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ dysfunction in septic COVID-19 patients. This prospective observational study investigated associations between skin HSI and organ dysfunction severity in critically ill COVID-19 patients. During the first seven days in the ICU, palmar HSI measurements were carried out with the TIVITA® tissue system. We report data from 52 critically ill COVID-19 patients, of whom 40 required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). HSI parameters for superficial tissue oxygenation (StO2) and oxygenation and perfusion quality (NPI) were persistently decreased. Hemoglobin tissue content (THI) increased, and tissue water content (TWI) was persistently elevated. Regression analysis showed strong indications for an association of NPI and weaker indications for associations of StO2, THI, and TWI with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scoring. StO2 and NPI demonstrated negative associations with vasopressor support and lactate levels as well as positive associations with arterial oxygen saturation. These results suggest that skin HSI provides clinically relevant information, opening new perspectives for microcirculatory monitoring in critical care.
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Carpi, Sara, Ambra Del Grosso, Miriam De Sarlo, Laura Colagiorgio, Luca Scaccini, Ilaria Tonazzini, Gabriele Parlanti, and Marco Cecchini. "Reliable and Fast Genotyping Protocol for Galactosylceramidase (Galc) in the Twitcher (Twi) Mouse." Biomedicines 10, no. 12 (December 6, 2022): 3146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123146.
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Twitcher (Twi) is a neurological Krabbe disease (KD, or globoid cell leukodystrophy) spontaneous mutant line in mice. The genome of the Twi mouse presents a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), leading to an enzymatically inactive galactosylceramidase (Galc) protein that causes KD. In this context, mouse Twi genotyping is an essential step in KD research. To date, the genotyping method used is labor-intensive and often has ambiguous results. Here, we evaluated a novel protocol for the genotype determination of Galc mutation status in Twi mice based on the allele-discrimination real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Here, DNA is extracted from Twi mice (n = 20, pilot study; n = 120, verification study) and control group (n = 10, pilot study; n = 30 verification study) and assessed by allele-discrimination real-time PCR to detect SNP c.355G>A. Using the allele-discrimination PCR, all of the samples are identified correctly with the genotype GG (wild-type, WT), GA (heterozygote, HET), or AA (homozygote, HOM) using the first analysis and no animals are not genotyped. We demonstrated that this novel method can be used to distinguish KD timely, accurately, and without ambiguity in HOM, WT, and HET animals. This protocol represents a great opportunity to increase accuracy and speed in KD research.
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Scholz, Gregor, Ines Fortmeier, Manuel Marschall, Manuel Stavridis, Michael Schulz, and Clemens Elster. "Experimental Design for Virtual Experiments in Tilted-Wave Interferometry." Metrology 2, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metrology2010006.
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The tilted-wave interferometer (TWI) is a recent and promising technique for optically measuring aspheres and freeform surfaces and combines an elaborate experimental setup with sophisticated data analysis algorithms. There are, however, many parameters that influence its performance, and greater knowledge about the behavior of the TWI is needed before it can be established as a measurement standard. Virtual experiments are an appropriate tool for this purpose, and in this paper we present a digital twin of the TWI that was carefully designed for such experiments. The expensive numerical calculations involved combined with the existence of multiple influencing parameters limit the number of virtual experiments that are feasible, which poses a challenge to researchers. Experimental design is a statistical technique that allows virtual experiments to be planned such as to maximize information gain. We applied experimental design to virtual TWI experiments with the goal of identifying the main sources of uncertainty. The results from this work are presented here.
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Özcan, Deren, and A. Tülin Güleç. "Compliance with Tap Water Iontophoresis in Patients with Palmoplantar Hyperhidrosis." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 18, no. 2 (March 2014): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2013.13105.
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Background: Patients tend to be noncompliant with tap water iontophoresis (TWI), which is an effective treatment option for palmoplantar hyperhidrosis. Objective: To investigate compliance with TWI in patients with palmoplantar hyperhidrosis and identify the factors limiting its utility. Methods: The medical data of 22 patients treated with TWI for palmoplantar hyperhidrosis were collected. A telephone inquiry questioning overall satisfaction with the treatment and the reasons for discontinuation was conducted. Results: Sixteen patients completed the initial treatment period, and all responded well to the therapy. Eight patients started on the maintenance treatment, five of whom gave up before completing five sessions. The reasons for discontinuation were a lack of time in 12 patients, switching to home therapy in 3 patients, and side effects in 1 patient. Conclusion: Patients with palmoplantar hyperhidrosis are noncompliant with TWI, mainly due to a lack of time. They should be well informed before therapy and be encouraged to have a home device for maintenance.
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Bond, Stuart. "TWI: corrosion, welds and pipelines." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 46, no. 2 (April 1999): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035599910263305.
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Mollo, Lesiba George, Fidelis Emuze, and John Smallwood. "Improving occupational health and safety (OHS) in construction using Training-Within-Industry method." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 24, no. 3 (November 4, 2019): 655–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-12-2018-0072.
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Purpose The manufacturing industry is a well-known source of interventions adapted to solve problems in the construction industry. The use of Training-Within-Industry (TWI) is one such intervention adopted in the construction industry to solve the construction problem relating to occupational health and safety (OHS). The objectives of TWI are to help the industry to transfer knowledge and skills from management to the employees. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to investigate whether TWI can reduce OHS problems by promoting “learning by doing” on construction sites. Design/methodology/approach A case-based-research method was used to investigate the reported OHS problems in the construction industry in South Africa. The data were quantitative and qualitative in nature; the questionnaire survey, semi-structured interview and focus group interview techniques were used to collect data in the study. Findings The findings provide a better understanding of the human contributions influencing the behaviour of people causing accidents on construction sites. The data show that construction project leaders struggle to promote “learning by doing” because of inappropriate behaviour, lack of communication and inadequate training provided to new workers on construction sites. Also, there is significant scope for TWI deployment in construction because of the inability of supervisors or management to promote “learning by doing” on construction sites. Practical implications Based on the research findings, it is discovered that OHS is a serious concern in the construction industry. Therefore, the adoption of learning by doing on a construction site would help to improve OHS outcome. Originality/value The study highlights the need to introduce TWI on construction sites to reduce human failure causing accidents. TWI could lead to improving the knowledge- and skills-transfer programmes for construction workers in favour of better safety performance.
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de Jong, Ester J. "Program design and two-way immersion programs." Language Immersion Education 2, no. 2 (September 12, 2014): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jicb.2.2.06jon.
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Two-way immersion (TWI) programs have provided an effective bilingual alternative to monolingual approaches to educating language minority students. This article reviews the research related to two program design questions: are TWI programs effective for different groups of students within the program and what role does school context play in the program’s effectiveness?
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Sugiyanto, Sugiyanto, Made Wena, and Isnandar Isnandar. "DEVELOPING LEARNING MATERIALS BASED ON TRAINING WITHIN INDUSTRY (TWI) TO IMPROVE THE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION STUDENT’S LEARNING OUTCOMES." Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 24, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um048v24i2p80-85.
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Abstract: Developing Learning Materials Based on Training Within Industry (TWI) to Improve the Building Construction Student’s Learning Outcomes.This second study aims to test significances differences between (1) using teaching materials with TWI method and the conventional method; (2) the high achievement motivation students and the low achievement motivation students; and (3) learning structures (TWI method and conventional method) and the high achievement motivation and the low achievement motivation toward the students’ learning outcomes. This study is an experimental research for students who take the Bricklaying and Concrete Practice lesson in an academic year. The hypothesis test uses two-way variance analysis (ANAVA) to find out the differences in the mean between cells (A and B). The results showed that there were significant differences in the students’ learning outcome between (1) the TWI teaching materials and conventional method; (2) the students who have the high achievement motivation and the students who have the low achievement motivation. Furthermore, there were significant interactions between factor of giving the vocational work practices and motivation toward the students’ learning outcomes.
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Seleem, Omar, Maik Heistermann, and Axel Bronstert. "Efficient Hazard Assessment for Pluvial Floods in Urban Environments: A Benchmarking Case Study for the City of Berlin, Germany." Water 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2021): 2476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182476.
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The presence of impermeable surfaces in urban areas hinders natural drainage and directs the surface runoff to storm drainage systems with finite capacity, which makes these areas prone to pluvial flooding. The occurrence of pluvial flooding depends on the existence of minimal areas for surface runoff generation and concentration. Detailed hydrologic and hydrodynamic simulations are computationally expensive and require intensive resources. This study compared and evaluated the performance of two simplified methods to identify urban pluvial flood-prone areas, namely the fill–spill–merge (FSM) method and the topographic wetness index (TWI) method and used the TELEMAC-2D hydrodynamic numerical model for benchmarking and validation. The FSM method uses common GIS operations to identify flood-prone depressions from a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). The TWI method employs the maximum likelihood method (MLE) to probabilistically calibrate a TWI threshold (τ) based on the inundation maps from a 2D hydrodynamic model for a given spatial window (W) within the urban area. We found that the FSM method clearly outperforms the TWI method both conceptually and effectively in terms of model performance.
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Bivalkar, Mandar K., Bambam Kumar, and Dharmendra Singh. "Modified Low Rank Approximation for Detection of Weak Target by Noise space Exploitation in Through Wall Imaging." Defence Science Journal 69, no. 5 (August 17, 2019): 464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.69.14952.
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Low dielectric materials referred as weak targets are very difficult to detect behind the wall in through wall imaging (TWI) due to strong reflections from wall. TWI Experimental data collected for low dielectric target behind the wall and transceiver on another side of the wall. Recently several researchers are using low-rank approximation (LRA) for reduction of random noise in the various data. Explore the possibilities of using LRA for TWI data for improving the detection of low dielectric material. A novel approach using modification of LRA with exploiting the noise subspace in singular value decomposition (SVD) to detect weak target behind the wall is introduced. LRA consider data has low rank in f-x domain for noisy data, local windows are implemented in LRA approach to satisfy the principle assumptions required by the LRA algorithm itself. Decomposed TWI data in the noise space of the SVD to detect the weak target adaptively. Results for modified LRA for detection of weak target behind the wall are very encouraging over LRA.
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Adobea, Agnes, Gabriel Kwasi Nyantakyi, Peter Fosu, and David Adu Tuffour. "Technological Tools and their Impact on Ghanaian Language (Twi) Lesson Delivery: The Role of the College Tutor." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. I (2024): 2248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.801164.
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This investigation examined how in recent years, technological advancements have significantly transformed various aspects of education, including language (Twi) learning and teaching. The impact of technological tools on Ghanaian language (Twi) lesson delivery: The role of college tutors in integrating these tools effectively to achieve quality education cannot be over-emphasized in achieving quality education. The purpose of this investigation was to understand how the utilization of technology can enhance the teaching and learning experiences of Ghanaian languages specifically Twi, while also examining the challenges faced by tutors in using these tools in their lesson delivery. The study adopts a single research approach, qualitative data collection methods. The research design was descriptive in nature. Interviews were conducted on college tutors in Ghanaian language (Twi) departments and units to gauge their awareness, attitudes, and experiences regarding the use of technological tools in language instruction. In all, fifty (50) participants were targeted for the investigation. Focus group discussions and interviews were used to elicit significant information for the data analysis from Wesley College of Education, St. Ambrose College of Education, Akrokerri College of Education and Atebubu College of Education. The investigation revealed that most of the Ghanaian Language (Twi) tutors lack the knowledge and skills to use the technological tools. It was also identified that technological tools facilitate teaching and learning process. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory was the theoretical framework on which this investigation was conducted.
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Caldwell, Aaron R., Megan E. Rosa-Caldwell, Carson Keeter, Evan C. Johnson, François Péronnet, and Matthew S. Ganio. "Effects of a 14-Day Hydration Intervention on Individuals with Habitually Low Fluid Intake." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 76, Suppl. 1 (2020): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000515375.
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<b><i>Background:</i></b> Debate continues over whether or not individuals with low total water intake (TWI) are in a chronic fluid deficit (i.e., low total body water) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>]. When women with habitually low TWI (1.6 ± 0.5 L/day) increased their fluid intake (3.5 ± 0.1 L/day) for 4 days 24-h urine osmolality decreased, but there was no change in body weight, a proxy for total body water (TBW) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>]. In a small (<i>n</i> = 5) study of adult men, there were no observable changes in TBW, as measured by bioelectrical impedance, after increasing TWI for 4 weeks [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>]. However, body weight increased and salivary osmolality decreased indicating that the study may have been underpowered to detect changes in TBW. Further, no studies to date have measured changes in blood volume (BV) when TWI is increased. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify individuals with habitually low fluid intake and determine if increasing TWI, for 14 days, resulted in changes in TBW or BV. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In order to identify individuals with low TWI, 889 healthy adults were screened. Participants with a self-reported TWI less than 1.8 L/day (men) or 1.2 L/day (women), and a 24-h urine osmolality greater than 800 mOsm were included in the intervention phase of the study. For the intervention phase, 15 participants were assigned to the experimental group and 8 participants were assigned to the control group. The intervention period lasted for 14 days and consisted of 2 visits to our laboratory: one before the intervention (baseline) and 14 days into the intervention (14-day follow-up). At these visits, BV was measured using a CO-rebreathe procedure and deuterium oxide (D<sub>2</sub>O) was administered to measure TBW. Urine samples were collected immediately prior, and 3–8 h after the D<sub>2</sub>O dose to allow for equilibration. Prior to each visit, participants collected 24-h urine to measure 24-h hydration status. After the baseline visit, the experimental group increased their TWI to 3.7 L for males and 2.7 L for females in order to meet the current Institute of Medicine recommendations for TWI. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty-four-hour urine osmolality decreased (−438.7 ± 362.1 mOsm; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and urine volume increased (1,526 ± 869 mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001) in the experimental group from baseline, while there were no differences in osmolality (−74.7 ± 572 mOsm; <i>p</i> = 0.45), or urine volume (−32 ± 1,376 mL; <i>p</i> = 0.89) in the control group. However, there were no changes in BV (Fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">1</xref>a) or changes in TBW (Fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">1</xref>b) in either group. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Increasing fluid intake in individuals with habitually low TWI increases 24-h urine volume and decreases urine osmolality but does not result in changes in TBW or BV. These findings are in agreement with previous work indicating that TWI interventions lasting 3 days [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>] to 4 weeks [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>] do not result in changes in TBW. Current evidence would suggest that the benefits of increasing TWI are not related changes in TBW.
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Cervantes-Soon, Claudia G., Lisa Dorner, Deborah Palmer, Dan Heiman, Rebecca Schwerdtfeger, and Jinmyung Choi. "Combating Inequalities in Two-Way Language Immersion Programs: Toward Critical Consciousness in Bilingual Education Spaces." Review of Research in Education 41, no. 1 (March 2017): 403–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0091732x17690120.
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This chapter reviews critical areas of research on issues of equity/equality in the highly proclaimed and exponentially growing model of bilingual education: two-way immersion (TWI). There is increasing evidence that TWI programs are not living up to their ideal to provide equal access to educational opportunity for transnational emergent bilingual students. Through a synthesis of research from related fields, we will offer guidelines for program design that attend to equality and a framework for future research to push the field of bilingual education toward creating more equitable and integrated multilingual learning spaces. Specifically, this review leads to a proposal for adding a fourth goal for TWI programs: to develop “critical consciousness” through using critical pedagogies and humanizing research.
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Sørensen, R., U. Zinko, and J. Seibert. "On the calculation of the topographic wetness index: evaluation of different methods based on field observations." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 4 (August 31, 2005): 1807–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-2-1807-2005.
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Abstract. The topographic wetness index (TWI, ln(a/tanβ)), which combines local upslope contributing area and slope, is commonly used to quantify topographic control on hydrological processes. Methods of computing this index differ primarily in the way the upslope contributing area is calculated. In this study we compared a number of calculation methods for TWI and evaluated them in terms of their correlation with the following measured variables: vascular plant species richness, soil pH, groundwater level, soil moisture, and a constructed wetness degree. The TWI was calculated by varying six parameters affecting the distribution of accumulated area among downslope cells and by varying the way the slope was calculated. All possible combinations of these parameters were calculated for two separate boreal forest sites in northern Sweden. We did not find a calculation method that performed best for all measured variables, but we were able to identify the general characteristics of the best methods for different groups of measured variables. The results provide guidelines for choosing the best method for estimating species richness, soil pH, groundwater level, and soil moisture by the TWI derived from digital elevation models.
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Di Bella, Giuseppa, Roberta Tardugno, and Nicola Cicero. "Investigation of Hg Content by a Rapid Analytical Technique in Mediterranean Pelagic Fishes." Separations 5, no. 4 (October 24, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations5040051.
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Mercury (Hg) fish and seafood contamination is a global concern and needs worldwide sea investigations in order to protect consumers. The aim of this study was to investigate the Hg concentration by means of a rapid and simple analytical technique with a direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80) in pelagic fish species, Tetrapturus belone (spearfish), Thunnus thynnus (tuna) and Xiphias gladius (swordfish) caught in the Mediterranean Sea. Hg contents were evaluated also in Salmo salar (salmon) as pelagic fish not belonging to the Mediterranean area. The results obtained were variable, ranging between 0.015–2.562 mg kg−1 for T. thynnus species, 0.477–3.182 mg kg−1 for X. gladius, 0.434–1.730 mg kg−1 for T. belone and 0.004–0.019 mg kg−1 for S. salar, respectively. The total Hg tolerable weekly intake (TWI) and tolerable weekly intake % (TWI%) values according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) were calculated. The results highlighted that the pelagic species caught in the Mediterranean Sea should be constantly monitored due to their high Hg contents as well as their TWI and TWI% with respect to S. salar samples.
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Sørensen, R., U. Zinko, and J. Seibert. "On the calculation of the topographic wetness index: evaluation of different methods based on field observations." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 1 (February 15, 2006): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-101-2006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The topographic wetness index (TWI, ln(a/tanβ)), which combines local upslope contributing area and slope, is commonly used to quantify topographic control on hydrological processes. Methods of computing this index differ primarily in the way the upslope contributing area is calculated. In this study we compared a number of calculation methods for TWI and evaluated them in terms of their correlation with the following measured variables: vascular plant species richness, soil pH, groundwater level, soil moisture, and a constructed wetness degree. The TWI was calculated by varying six parameters affecting the distribution of accumulated area among downslope cells and by varying the way the slope was calculated. All possible combinations of these parameters were calculated for two separate boreal forest sites in northern Sweden. We did not find a calculation method that performed best for all measured variables; rather the best methods seemed to be variable and site specific. However, we were able to identify some general characteristics of the best methods for different groups of measured variables. The results provide guiding principles for choosing the best method for estimating species richness, soil pH, groundwater level, and soil moisture by the TWI derived from digital elevation models.