Journal articles: 'Twisted yarn'

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Et. al., Yuldashev Alisher Tursunbayevich,. "Investigation of Influence ofa New Twist Intensifier on the Properties of the Twisted Yarn." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (April 10, 2021): 1943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.2275.

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The article is devoted to the study of the properties of the yarn obtained by the methods of ring and rotor spinning, for twisted yarn, produced on a VTS-09 double twist machine made by Volkmann (Germany). Experiments were carried out on two typesof spinning yarns with yarn counts Ne 20/2 and 12/2 in the existing design (control) and the new design, flexible element with equal tension and twist intensifier and compared the effects of the resulting twisted yarn for quality parameters. Mathematical statistical methods (single-factor analysis of variance) were used to assess the quality of twisted yarn. Experiments have shown that the use of a new design nozzle reduces the vibration of the yarn, which leads to a uniform distribution of twists along the length of the twisted yarn, increases its tensile strength and improves the quality of the twisted yarn.

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Zaidi, Badar Munir, Jin Zhang, Kevin Magniez, Hongbo Gu, and Menghe Miao. "Optimizing twisted yarn structure for natural fiber-reinforced polymeric composites." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 3 (April 28, 2017): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317707333.

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Natural plant fibers need to be spun into yarns to produce textile preforms for structural composites. The twist in the spun yarn causes fiber misalignment. This paper reports the construction of a two-ply yarn from such twisted yarn with improved fiber alignment to maximize the mechanical performance of resulting composites. This is achieved by twisting two twisted singles yarns in the opposite direction. The level of opposite-direction ply twist as a percentage of the twist in the initial singles yarn has shown a significant influence on the tensile and flexural properties of the final composites. The maximum performance is achieved when the ratio between the ply yarn twist and the singles yarn twist was approximately 0.3, which coincides with the ratio for achieving maximum Krenchel fiber orientation factor for the two-ply yarn as predicted by a geometrical model. This ply yarn twist/singles yarn twist ratio can be used as a design guideline for natural fiber yarns used as reinforcement for load-bearing composites.

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Yan, Taohai, Yajing Shi, Huimin Zhuang, Yu Lin, Dongdong Lu, Shengbin Cao, and Lvtao Zhu. "Electrospinning Mechanism of Nanofiber Yarn and Its Multiscale Wrapping Yarn." Polymers 13, no. 18 (September 20, 2021): 3189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183189.

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To analyze the feasibility of electrospinning nanofiber yarn using a wrapping yarn forming device, electrospun nanofiber-wrapped yarns and multiscale yarns were prepared by self-made equipment. The relationship between the surface morphology and properties of yarn and its preparation process was studied. The process parameters were adjusted, and it was found that some nanofibers formed Z-twisted yarns, while others showed exposed cores. To analyze the forming mechanism of electrospun nanofiber-wrapped yarn, the concept of winding displacement difference in the twisted yarn core A was introduced. The formation of nanofiber-wrapped structural yarns was discussed using three values of A. The starting point of each twist was the same position when A = 0 with a constant corner angle β. However, the oriented nanofiber broke or was pulled out from the gripping point when it was twisted, and it appeared disordered. The forming process of electrospun nanofiber-wrapped yarn displayed some unique phenomena, including the emission of directional nanofibers during collection, fiber non-continuity, and twist angle non-uniformity. The conclusions of this research have theoretical and practical value to guide the industrial preparation of nanofiber yarns and their wrapped yarns.

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Naik, N. K., and V. Madhavan. "Twisted impregnated yarns: Elastic properties." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 35, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0309324001514044.

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Twisted yarns are normally used for increasing the lateral cohesion of filaments and also for ease of handling. By twisting yarns, the microdamage can be localized, leading to possible increase in the failure strength of the yarns. In this paper, an analytical method is presented for predicting the elastic properties of twisted impregnated yarns made of long unbroken filaments. In the analysis, various degrees of twist in filaments at different radii of the yarn and possible migration and microbuckling are considered. The effects of the twist angle and the extent of migration and microbuckling on the elastic properties and the pre-straining of the yarn are presented.

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Lou, Ching-Wen, Chih-Hung He, and Jia-Horng Lin. "Manufacturing techniques and property evaluations of conductive elastic knits." Journal of Industrial Textiles 49, no. 4 (July 28, 2018): 503–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718791343.

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Textiles can have valuable functions in terms of measurement, detection and communication when they are incorporated into functional electronic devices. However, the additional electric circuits limit the flexibility and extensibility, making the wearers uncomfortable and the manufacturing difficult. Therefore, in this study, conductive elastic knits are made of metallic yarns and expected to be used as wearable electronic textiles. In order to retain the flexibility of knits, a crochet machine with jacquard equipment is used to create knit patterns as electric circuits. Regardless of whether it is single-twisted yarn, double-twisted yarn, single-wrapped yarn, or double-wrapped yarn, the metallic wires can be completely covered in polyester filaments. Variations in twist numbers of conductive yarns or knit patterns are beneficial to the tensile strength with a maximum increment of 14%, and changing twist numbers of conductive yarns or knit patterns have a positive influence on the air permeability with a maximum increment of 24%. According to the results of the electric circuit stability test, using double-covered yarns ensures the knits a stabilized electric circuit regardless of the knit pattern.

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Naik, N. K., and M. N. Singh. "Twisted impregnated yarns: Transverse tensile strength." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 36, no. 4 (May 1, 2001): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0309324011514520.

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Twisted yarns are normally used for increasing the lateral cohesion of filaments and also for ease of handling. In this paper, an analytical method is presented for predicting the effective transverse tensile strength of the twisted impregnated yarns made of continuous filaments. In the analysis, a varying degree of twist in filaments at different radii of the yarn is considered. The effect of the twist angle on the transverse tensile strength properties of the twisted impregnated yarns is presented. It is seen that there can be an increase in transverse tensile strength of the twisted impregnated yarns compared with that of the corresponding impregnated strands.

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Sekerden, Filiz. "A Comparative Analysis of Towels Produced from Twisted and Twistless Cotton Pile Yarns in Terms of Absorptive Capacity and Flexural Rigidity." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 10, no. 1 (March 2015): 155892501501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501501000111.

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The study compares cotton towels produced from twisted and twistless cotton pile yarn. The towels were manufactured with different weft density, different weft yarn counts, and different pile heights. The water absorptive capacity, absorbency time and flexural rigidity properties of twisted pile towels were compared with those of twistless pile towels. The test results were evaluated using statistical analysis. Effects of twisted and twistless pile yarn, pile height, weft density, and weft yarn count on absorptive capacity, absorbency time, and flexural rigidity of fabrics were examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that the towels woven with twistless pile yarns have greater absorptive capacity, longer absorbency time, and lower flexural rigidity than towels woven with twisted pile yarns.

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Zhong, Ya Hong, Jian Hui Ma, and Ming Jie Xing. "Fiber Configuration of Air Jet Vortex Spinning Yarns." Advanced Materials Research 834-836 (October 2013): 1784–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.1784.

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In this paper, the spinning process of air jet vortex spinning was described. The structure of air jet vortex spun yarn was studied by means of blending tracer fibers in spinning. Then the yarns were viewed with the optical microscope and SEM etc. The result shows that air jet vortex spun yarn comprises two parts. The outer layer, composed of twisted fibers, presents helical form. And the inner layer contains about 30% fibers untwisted or slackly twisted. The distance between twisted fiber groups is very short, so the borderline isnt obvious. There is a certain angle between core fibers in parallel and the axes of the yarn. The coefficient of fiber migration of the yarn was calculated, and it is lower than that of ring spun yarn and compact spun yarn.

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Nakamura, Rie, and Koichi Goda. "Effect of Yarn Structure on Mechanical Properties of Twisted Yarn Composites." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 1554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.1554.

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T wisted yarns are used for bio-composites and nanocomposites as reinforcement . In a twisted yarn, single yarns migrate from surface to inner along the yarn axis. In this research , migration structure is studied by using X-ray CT system . The result is obtained that the orientation angle correlates with layer .

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Sriprateep, Keartisak, and Erik LJ Bohez. "CAD/CAE for stress–strain properties of multifilament twisted yarns." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 6 (July 22, 2016): 657–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516636000.

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A method is presented for modeling the tensile behavior of multifilament twisted yarns. A filament assembly model and a computer-aided design/computer-aided engineering (CAD/CAE) approach are proposed for the tensile analysis. The geometry of the twisted yarn and the nonlinear filament properties were considered. The finite element method (FEM) and large deformation effects were applied for computation of the stress–extension curves. Ideal yarn structures of five layers with different twist angles were simulated to predict the tensile behavior of each filament and each layer. The stress acting on the filaments after yarn extension could be directly analyzed by the FEM. The stress distribution in the filaments showed that the highest stress regions were located at the filament in the center of the yarn and decreased slightly to the yarn surface. The stress–extensions of the filaments were converted to yarn tensile behavior that is shown in terms of the maximum and average stress–extension curves. The results of this prediction model were compared with the stress–strain curves of high-tenacity rayon yarn and the energy method. The maximum stress–extension curves showed very good agreement with experimental results and are more accurate than those obtained by previous methods.

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Göktepe, Fatma, and Beyza Buzol Mülayim. "Long Path Towards to Success in Electrospun Nanofiber Yarn Production Since 1930’s: A Critical Review." Autex Research Journal 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0004.

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Abstract Direct conversion of nanofibers into a yarn formed by electrospinning has begun to draw attention recently while pioneering attempts in fact go back to 1930s. Once nanofiber yarns are spun successfully by electrospinning, obviously, this would open new gates for many different applications. However, this is still a challenging task and there is no system accepted universally yet. There are more than 20 different approaches available so far but with serious limitations. In this review, they were categorized as (i) systems for production of parallel bundle of nanofibers and (ii) systems for production of twisted nanofiber yarns, presenting potential applicability of each with a critical point of view. The results show that some of the attempts mainly present basic conceptual ideas only. There are some works to produce real twisted nanofiber yarns continuously while mainly funnel, disc, or ring collectors have been used as the twisting element. However, there is limited information regarding stability of spinning system or control of yarn properties. This review also analyses the technical properties of electrospun nanofiber yarns summarizing the available data in terms of yarn properties such as fiber fineness, twist, production speed, mechanical properties, polymer types, and other important parameters available.

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Htike, Htet Htet, Jian Kang, and Sachiko Sukigara. "Tensile property of highly twisted cotton yarns under varied relative humidity." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 28, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 390–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-08-2015-0089.

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Purpose – The traditional Japanese cotton-crepe fabric chijimi has been used for summer clothing for over a century because of its good skin comfort. The high extensibility of this fabric relies on the high-twist cotton yarns used in the weft direction. The purpose of this paper is to show the effect of environmental humidity on the extensibility of highly twisted cotton yarns to help in choosing weft yarn suitable for woven fabric. Design/methodology/approach – Four highly twisted cotton yarns are examined under 10-90 percent RH and in 25°C water. Cyclic tensile tests are performed to obtain the tensile energy, resilience, extensibility at maximum applied load (EM), and residual strain. Findings – Comparing the same yarn-count samples Y1 and Y2, the EM of Y2 (2,200 T/m) is larger than that of Y1 (1,000 T/m) under all RH conditions, and the difference increases at humidity over 60 percent RH. For fabric crepe samples woven by Y1 (warp) and Y2 (weft), the extensibility (EM-1) in the weft direction is in the range 16-26 percent, which is equivalent to that of outer-knitted fabrics. The extensibility and recovery of chijimi is largely dominated by the twist of weft yarns, which is also influenced by changes in relative humidity. Originality/value – The skin comfort of Takashima chijimi has been of interest, but the high extensibility of this cotton fabric has not been given much attention. The results of this study show that yarn twist is key to controlling extensibility in high-humidity environments.

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Abdullah, S. A. S., N. Z. M. Zuhudi, K. D. Mohd Aris, M. N. Roslan, and M. D. Isa. "Influence of yarn parameters on cotton/kenaf blended yarn characteristics." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 7622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.4.2020.26.0600.

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Spinning kenaf fibers into yarns is challenging due to the stiffness and lack of cohesiveness of the fibers. Alkali treatment is known to remove hemicellulose, wax, and breaks down lignin, reducing stiffness of kenaf fiber and improving its spinnability. Kenaf fibers were treated at percentages of 4% and 6% and blended with cotton fibers at blend ratios of 40:60 and 50:50 prior to a ring spinning process to produce a double ply yarn of 70 tex. Yarn were twisted at three sets of twist. The responses were measured in terms of carding waste percentages and yarn strength. The results showed that the optimized yarn structural parameter is kenaf fiber treated at 6% and with a kenaf/cotton 40/60 blending ratio based on its tenacity and minimum carding waste. ANOVA shows that there is a good interaction effect between NaOH and kenaf/cotton ratio, and NaOH concentration and twist.

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ALLAOUI, AÏSSA, SHUO BAI, and JINBO BAI. "TENSILE BEHAVIOR OF A TWISTED CARBON NANOTUBE YARN." International Journal of Nanoscience 09, no. 01n02 (February 2010): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x10006491.

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Carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns were drawn from the web found on the CVD furnace wall. The yarns were twisted and their tensile behavior was investigated through in-situ SEM and regular tensile tests. The mechanisms involved in the CNT yarn deformation were identified. The twisted CNT yarns were found to have a good ability to stretch and deform and featured a diameter-dependent strength.

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He, Jian-Xin, Li-Dan Wang, Yuman Zhou, Kun Qi, and Shi-Zhong Cui. "Effect of airflow on nanofiber yarn spinning." Thermal Science 19, no. 4 (2015): 1261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1504261h.

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The paper proposes a new air-jet spinning method for the preparation of continuous twisted nanofiber yarns. The nozzle-twisting device is designed to create the 3-D rotating airflow to twist nanofiber bundles. The airflow characteristics inside the twisting chamber are studied numerically. The airflow field distribution and its effect on nanofiber yarn spinning at different pressures are also discussed.

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Cheung, Benjamin KO, and Jason P. Carey. "Improving two-dimensional braided composite tensile properties by including low angle yarn twist: Production, experimental verification, and modeling." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502094644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020946449.

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Tubular braided composites combine manufacturing technologies from textiles and composites industries. The design of the reinforcing textile structure plays a significant role in the mechanical characteristics of the final composite. Twisted yarns have shown improved strength over untwisted ones, even for continuous multifilament yarns where twist is not necessary for the manufacturing process. In this work, a manufacturing process is piloted in which twisted yarns are introduced to the braiding process. Static testing is then done to determine the impact of yarn twist on the stiffness and strength. Finally, the Ramberg–Osgood model is adapted to the results in order to provide a descriptive model for the behavior of tubular braided composites beyond the proportional limit.

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Zhu, Chunhong, Haruka Tada, Jian Shi, Jiawei Yan, and Hideaki Morikawa. "Water transport on interlaced yarns." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 23-24 (May 31, 2019): 5198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519853794.

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In this study, water transport on different interlacing conditions of yarns was investigated in order to simulate the effect of yarn crimp on water migration in woven fabrics. An apparatus was designed to simulate the interlacing condition of one set of yarns, and the water transport distance versus time can be obtained. With the apparatus, the effect of twist on the water transport of interlaced cotton yarns was explored. The results showed that for higher twisted yarns, the water transport distance was shorter than that for lower twisted ones. For higher twisted yarns, in spite of the same outward appearance, the actual water transport route was longer. Moreover, with the apparatus, the interlacing angle can be changed from 0o to 180o at 20o intervals, and the effect of the interlacing angle was explored, which can be applied to simulate yarn crimp in woven fabric. The water transport at interlacing angles of 40o, 80o, 120o, and 160o was discussed, and we found that the interlacing angle decreased the water transport distance in weft yarns because of the decreased contact distance. It can be concluded that the twist and interlacing angle had an important effect on water transport in interlaced yarns. This study is a basic study for research on the mechanism of water transport, and it shows understanding of the relationship between the fabric structure and its physical property. It can be applied not only for woven fabrics, but also for knitted fabrics, braids, and some other fiber assemblies.

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Bhowmick, Manik, Arup Kumar Rakshit, and Sajal Kumar Chattopadhyay. "Dref-3 yarn structure with plied staple fibrous core." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 22, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-09-2017-0044.

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Purpose Dref-3 friction spun core yarns produced using staple fibre yarn as the core, e.g. Jute core yarn wrapped with cotton fibre, have poorer mechanical properties compared to the core yarn itself. The purpose of this study was to understand the structure of such yarns, that will lead to the optimization of fibre, machine and process variables for production of better quality yarn from the Dref-3/3000 machines. Design/methodology/approach The Dref spinning trials were conducted following a full factorial design with six variables, all with two operative levels. The Dref-3 friction spun yarn, in which the core is a plied, twisted ring yarn composed of cotton singles and the sheath, formed from the same cotton fibres making the singles, has been examined. The structures have also been studied by using the tracer fibre technique. Findings It was observed that rather than depending on the plied core yarn, the tensile properties of the Dref-3 yarn are significantly determined by the parameters those affect the constituent single yarn tensile properties, i.e. the amount of twist and its twist direction, yarn linear density and the sheath fibre proportion used during the Dref spinning in making the final yarn. Further, when the twist direction of single yarn, double yarn and the Dref spinning false twisting are in the same direction, the produced core-sheath yarn exhibits better tensile properties. Practical implications The understanding of the yarn structure will lead to optimized production of all staple fibre core Dref spun yarns. Social implications The research work may lead to utilization of coarse and harsh untapped natural fibres to the production of value-added textile products. Originality/value Though an earlier research has reported the effects of sheath fibre fineness and length on the tensile and bending properties of Dref-3 friction yarn, the present study is the first documented attempt using the tracer fibre technique to understand Dref-3 yarn structure with plied staple fibrous core.

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Sawhney, A. P. S., and L. B. Kimmel. "Air and Ring Combination in Tandem Spinning." Textile Research Journal 67, no. 3 (March 1997): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759706700310.

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With the objective of boosting ring spinning productivity, a new tandem spinning system combining air-jet and ring spinning technologies in continuous tandem is investigated. In this “air-plus-ring” tandem spinning system, a drafted roving strand as it emerges from the front roller nip feeds into a single- or dual-jet air nozzle where it is subjected to a vortex of compressed air, producing a pneumatically entangled, false-twisted, partially strengthened strand. This so-called prefabricated, air-bolstered strand continuously feeds into a standard ring spinning zone and is ultimately spun into a novel, single-component yarn. By spinning a few cotton and cotton-blend yarns with the lowest practical twist levels possible on both the tandem and conventional ring spinning systems, we show that a tandem spun yarn can be produced with a relatively lower (true ring) twist level than a pure ring spun yarn. To an extent, the tandem spinning's air-bolstering action reinforces the drafted fibrous strand, contributing to yarn formation and hence character. Since ring spinning productivity is inversely proportional to yarn twist level, the relatively lower twist level required in tandem spinning allows a proportionately higher yarn production speed (in some cases, up to 50% faster than the conventional ring spinning), while maintaining spindle speed at the traditional, optimum level imposed by the limiting traveler speed. Tandem spun yarns, however, are somewhat different from, and generally weaker than, conventional ring spun yarns. This paper briefly describes a prototype of the new tandem spinning system developed on a laboratory Spintester, and shows spinning parameters and properties of a few yarns produced on both the tandem arid conventional ring spinning systems, each employing the traditional (maximum) optimum spindle speed of 10,000 rpm for a given 5.0 cm (2 inch) diameter ring.

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Liu, Yu Lei, Jia Guang Meng, Ya Hong Han, and Hui Qin Shan. "Development of Jade Nylon-Based Fibers and Viscose Blended Yarn." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 2135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.2135.

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In order to develop a Jade nylon-based fibers knitting blend yarn which has reasonable price, good wearing characteristics, and can highlight the function of Jade fiber, we selected 1.27dtex Jade nylon-based fibers and 1.67dex viscose filament to blend，twisted them into a yarn, and designed four kinds of blending ratio and three kinds of twist ratio. By testing cool degree and wearing characteristics of indexes of the fabric which was knitted by the flat knitting machine with them, combined with mathematical fuzzy evaluation theory to evaluate these indexes, and taking the wearing characteristics, price, reflection of Jade fiber the three aspects into account, we come to the conclusion that jade nylon-based fibers blended knitting yarn, blend ratio of 35:65, twist of 800 twists / m are for the best.

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Stankovic, Snezana, Dusan Popovic, and Goran Poparic. "Thermal properties of directionally oriented polymer fibrous materials as a function of fibre arrangement at mesoscopic level." Thermal Science 23, no. 5 Part B (2019): 3117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci181011105s.

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Thermal properties of directionally oriented fibrous materials have been investigated in this research with the purpose of considering the influence of fibre arrangement at mesoscopic level. The range of various distributions of fibres in the fibrous materials was obtained by applying different twist intensity during spinning of cotton fibres. From various twisted cotton yarns the knitted fabrics were produced under controlled conditions, so as to obtain as similar as possible constructions. This made possible to obtain the heterogeneity of the porous fibrous structures coming from the mesoscopic level. Thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient of the materials were investigated. The results obtained indicate the arrangement of fibres (or their compactness, orientation and migration), which, in turn, was determined by twist intensity (mesoscopic scale), as the key factor influencing thermal properties. Yarn compactness and fibre migration, determined by lateral forces imposed by the twist inserted in yarn, affected variations in structural parameters of the knitted fabrics, and thus influenced their thermal properties. Fibre orientation manifested itself in surface geometry of the yarn was also proved to have a considerable influence on heat transfer properties.

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YOSHIDA, Kazuki, Tsukasa KUROSE, Rie NAKAMURA, Junji NODA, and Koichi GODA. "Effect of Yarn Structure on Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Twisted Yarns and Green Composites Reinforced with the Twisted Yarn." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 61, no. 2 (2012): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.61.111.

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Choi, Minki, and Jooyong Kim. "Preparation and Transmission Characteristics of Hybrid Structure Yarns with Nylon fiber for Smart Wear." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 13, no. 2 (June 2018): 155892501801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501801300206.

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Twisted Copper Filaments (TCF) were made by a yarn covering process in order to transmit signals and power for electronic textiles. The 560 denier polyurethane filaments were covered in the S-twist direction by urethane-coated copper wires. Two TCF's twisted in the Z direction were further covered in the S direction by nylon filaments to make final hybrid structure yarns (HSY). The HSY prepared was proportionally increased in apparent resistance and showed resistivity of 1.6210–8Ω·m. The number of ply was critical in terms of resistance variation, showing a linear increase in resistance with ply number. The twist factor, however, was not as significant. Final filaments were found to be changed in resonance frequency mainly due to the change of di-electricity and thus capacitance caused by the nylon covering. It is concluded that while resonance frequency was primarily determined by filament length and dielectric constant of the covering yarns, resonance frequency S11 and S21 were mainly determined by measurement length and ply number.

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Wolfahrt, Markus, Juergen Grosser, Martin Fleischmann, and Matthias Schubert. "Characterization of the Mechanical and Fatigue Behavior of Braided Composites Made of Twisted Yarns." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 876–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.876.

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In this study an experimental investigation was undertaken to characterize the influence of twisted yarns on the mechanical and fatigue behavior of 2D braided composites with a braiding angle of ±45°. Rectangular specimen made of untwisted and twisted carbon yarns are tested in the braiding (±45° fiber orientation) and in the yarn direction (0/90° fiber orientation). Experimental results will include modulus and strength values based on tensile and compression tests for both test directions. In addition, the effect of fiber twisting on S/N-curves are discussed.

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Xin, Wenbo, Joseph Severino, Arie Venkert, Hang Yu, Daniel Knorr, Jenn-Ming Yang, Larry Carlson, Robert Hicks, and Igor De Rosa. "Fabrication and Characterization of Solid Composite Yarns from Carbon Nanotubes and Poly(dicyclopentadiene)." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (April 10, 2020): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040717.

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In this report, networks of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are transformed into composite yarns by infusion, mechanical consolidation and polymerization of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD). The microstructures of the CNT yarn and its composite are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and a focused ion beam used for cross-sectioning. Pristine yarns have tensile strength, modulus and elongation at failure of 0.8 GPa, 14 GPa and 14.0%, respectively. In the composite yarn, these values are significantly enhanced to 1.2 GPa, 68 GPa and 3.4%, respectively. Owing to the consolidation and alignment improvement, its electrical conductivity was increased from 1.0 × 105 S/m (raw yarn) to 5.0 × 105 S/m and 5.3 × 105 S/m for twisted yarn and composite yarn, respectively. The strengthening mechanism is attributed to the binding of the DCPD polymer, which acts as a capstan and increases frictional forces within the nanotube bundles, making it more difficult to pull them apart.

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Pan, Ning. "Development of a Constitutive Theory for Short Fiber Yarns: Mechanics of Staple Yarn Without Slippage Effect." Textile Research Journal 62, no. 12 (December 1992): 749–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759206201208.

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This article reports an attempt to develop a general constitutive theory governing the mechanical behavior of twisted short fiber structures, starting with a high twist case, so that the effect of fiber slippage during yarn extension can be ignored. A differential equation describing the stress transfer mechanism in a staple yarn is proposed by which both the distributions of fiber tension and lateral pressure along a fiber length during yarn extension are derived. Factors such as fiber dimensions and properties and the effect of the discontinuity of fiber length within the structure are all included in the theory. With certain assumptions, the relationship between the mean fiber-volume fraction and the twist level of the yarn is also established. A quantity called the cohesion factor is defined based on yarn twist and fiber properties as well as on the form of fiber arrangement in the yarn to reflect the effectiveness of fiber gripping by the yarn. By considering the yarn structure as transversely isotropic with a variable fiber-volume fraction depending on the level of twist, the tensile and shear moduli as well as the Poisson's ratios of the structures are theoretically determined. All these predicted results have been verified according to the constitutive restraints of the continuum mechanics, and the final results are also illustrated schematically.

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Goutianos, S., and T. Peijs. "The Optimisation of Flax Fibre Yarns for the Development of High-Performance Natural Fibre Composites." Advanced Composites Letters 12, no. 6 (November 2003): 096369350301200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350301200602.

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Currently most developments in the area of natural fibre reinforced composites have focused on random discontinuous fibre composite systems. The development of continuous fibre reinforced composites is, however, essential for manufacturing materials, which can be used in load-bearing/structural applications. The main problem in this case is the optimisation of the yarn to be used to manufacture the textile reinforcement. Low twisted yarns display a very low strength when tested dry in air and therefore they can not be used in processes such as pultrusion or textile manufacturing routes. On the other hand, by increasing the level of twist, a degradation of the mechanical properties is observed in impregnated yarns (e.g. unidirectional composites) similar to off-axis composites. Additionally, a high level of twist decreases the permeability of the yarns. This problem is addressed in the current work using yarns based on both long and short flax fibres.

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Lou, Ching Wen, Chao Tsang Lu, Ming Shiuan Tsai, Shih Peng Wen, Chien Lin Huang, and Jia Horng Lin. "Polyester Bone Scaffolds Using Polymer Adhesives." Advanced Materials Research 627 (December 2012): 835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.627.835.

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This study creates a PET bone scaffolds with a stabilized structure. With various twists per inch (TPI), 150 denier polyester (PET) filaments are twisted into plied yarn, after which the optimal plied yarn is braided into PET bone scaffolds. The plied yarn is evaluated for mechanical properties to determine the optimal TPI. The maximum elongation of the plied yarn occurs when the TPI is at its optimal, 9. The PET bone scaffolds are immersed in sodium alginate (SA) solution and CaCl2 solution, respectively, and then observed by a stereomicroscope and evaluated for porosity. The surface observation of PET bone scaffolds indicates that the immersion leads to the adhesion of filaments and consequent, their compact arrangement, which results in a lower porosity of the bone scaffolds, but a greater tensile strength.

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Laqraa, Chaimae, Manuela Ferreira, Ahmad Rashed Labanieh, and Damien Soulat. "Elaboration by Wrapping Process and Multiscale Characterisation of Thermoplastic Bio-Composite Based on Hemp/PA11 Constituents." Coatings 11, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070770.

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The present work investigates the potential of developing bio-composites based on thermoplastic polymers reinforced with natural fibres by using hybrid yarns. The hybrid yarns were produced by the wrapping technique, in which a multifilament of polyamide 11 (PA11) was wrapped around an untreated low-twisted hemp roving to produce a yarn with sufficient tenacity and stiffness for the next step of weaving. The tensile behaviour of the wrapped yarns was identified both in the dry- and thermo-state. Then, two different fabrics were woven and tested to study the influence of yarn densities and weave diagrams on the tensile and flexural properties. At this fabric scale, properties of fabrics made from hybrid yarns were compared with those of fabrics from a previous study made from 100% hemp roving. Composites made from these fabrics, with stacking of two cross-plies, were produced by thermocompression and characterised regarding mechanical strength.

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Mazurik, D. V., and V. A. Rodionov. "Optimization of Processing of Twisted Arselon Yarn." Fibre Chemistry 36, no. 2 (March 2004): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:fich.0000033892.09886.f2.

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Chummun, Jaykumar, and Satyadev Rosunee. "Manufacture of Folded and Twisted Paper Yarn." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 16, no. 4 (November 2012): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-16-04-2012-b010.

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Fomenko, B. A., E. M. Sergeeva, L. M. Arkhipova, and A. A. Aver'yanov. "Frictional properties of twisted polyamide textile yarn." Fibre Chemistry 23, no. 1 (1991): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00558116.

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Singh, Mukesh Kumar, and Annika Singh. "Ultraviolet Protection by Fabric Engineering." Journal of Textiles 2013 (April 3, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/579129.

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Background. The increasing emission of greenhouse gases has evoked the human being to save the ozone layer and minimize the risk of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Various fabric structures have been explored to achieve desired ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) in various situations. Objective. In this study, the effect of various filament configurations like twisted, flat, intermingled, and textured in multifilament yarns on fabric in different combinations is assessed in order to engineer a fabric of better ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). Methods. In order to engineer a fabric having optimum UV protection with sufficient comfort level in multifilament woven fabrics, four different yarn configurations, intermingled, textured, twisted, and flat, were used to develop twelve different fabric samples. The most UV absorbing and most demanding fibre polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was considered in different filament configuration. Results. The combinations of intermingled warp with flat, intermingled, and textured weft provided excellent UVR protection comparatively at about 22.5 mg/cm2 fabric areal density. The presence of twisted yarn reduced the UV protection due to enhanced openness in fabric structure. Conclusion. The appropriate combination of warp and weft threads of different configuration should be selected judiciously in order to extract maximum UV protection and wear comfort attributes in multifilament woven PET fabrics.

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Samuel, Bethalihem Teferi, Marcin Barburski, Jaroslaw R. Blaszczak, Ewa Witczak, and Katarzyna Abramczyk. "The Influence of Yarn and Weave Structures on Acoustic Materials and the Effect of Different Acoustic Signal Incidence Angles on Woven Fabric Absorption Possibilities." Materials 14, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 2814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112814.

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Utilizing textile-based acoustic materials can be considered basically from two points of view. First, it may be used as a sound absorbing material. Second, it may be used as a decoration that gives the surrounding area a new artistic appearance. To improve the acoustic possibilities of any woven fabric, it is necessary to study the influences of yarn characteristics and the internal structures of weave interlacement. To understand the impact of the yarn on the fabric, the samples were prepared using only polyester fiber as textured, twisted, and staple yarns. Regarding this experiment, the basic weave’s structure type, such as plain, rib, sateen, and twill, were used. Overall, 16 woven fabrics were prepared. The investigation was performed in the range of low to medium acoustic frequencies. The experiments were conducted in an anechoic chamber. Compared to other yarn types, fabrics formed from textured polyester yarn had higher sound absorption properties. Moreover, the observed results show that the different incidence angles of acoustic signals influence the measured sound absorption properties of a textile.

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Abdellahi, Sayyed Behzad, Elham Naghashzargar, and Dariush Semnani. "Meso modeling of silk wire rope scaffolds in tissue engineering." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 3 (May 12, 2016): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716648762.

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Finite element method can provide valuable results and information to evaluate and assess the mechanical behavior of tissue engineered scaffolds. In this investigation, a structurally and analytically based model is applied to analyze and to describe the mechanical properties of wire rope yarns as scaffold or other applications in textile engineering. In order to modeling the mechanical behavior of single yarn, non-linear hyperfoam model with three strain energy potential has been used. The results of finite element model are compared with an experimental approach and showed good agreement between software and experimental analysis with a maximum error at break of about 4.3%. As a result, validation of the finite element method is guaranteed for analysis of other structure of multi twisted yarn or wire ropes.

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Skulanova, N. S., E. R. Popova, Yu P. Kolesnikov, and A. V. Matonin. "Analytical Calculation of Twisted Kamvol Worsted Yarn Strength." Fibre Chemistry 48, no. 1 (May 2016): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10692-016-9738-x.

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Shuakat, Muhammad Nadeem, and Tong Lin. "Highly-twisted, continuous nanofibre yarns prepared by a hybrid needle-needleless electrospinning technique." RSC Advances 5, no. 43 (2015): 33930–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03906a.

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Lin, Jia Horng, Cheng Tien Hsieh, Jin Jia Hu, Yueh Sheng Chen, Wen Cheng Chen, and Ching Wen Lou. "Effect of Heat-Treated Process on Tensile Property of PLA Plied-Yarn." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 963–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.963.

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Polylactic acid (PLA) fiber, as a biodegradable synthetic aliphatic polyester fiber, has properties of biocompatibility, biodegradability and processing. Therefore, this study used PLA multifilament to prepare numerous plied yarns, respectively 75D, 75D×2, 75D×3, 75D×4 and 75D×5. Afterwards, these yarns were twisted with 3, 5, 7 twist/inch and then heat-treated respectively. The resulting yarns were tested for their tensile property tensile tenacity and tensile elongation. Moreover, the heat-treated effect was discussed on influencing tensile property.

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Minaei, Farzaneh, Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini Ravandi, Sayyed Mahdi Hejazi, and Farzaneh Alihosseini. "The fabrication and characterization of casein/PEO nanofibrous yarn via electrospinning." e-Polymers 19, no. 1 (May 29, 2019): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2019-0017.

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AbstractCasein, a natural protein, has been used as a biopolymer-based resource for producing fiber. This fiber provides high comfort properties with a pH close to human skin. This study focused on evaluating the production feasibility of casein nanofiber twisted yarn with the highest protein content in the hybrid yarn, obtaining suitable spinning conditions and desirable properties of the produced yarn. The desirable yarn achieved by composing 90% casein and 10% polyethylene oxide. The yarn strengthened using several types of cross-linking methods and the best technique was obtained to spin an optimized engineered yarn. Consequently, the biodegrading test conducted on the optimized yarn (90% casein and 10% polyethylene oxide blend) in the presence of 40% di-isocyanate as strengthener additive. Observations showed that after ten days, the sample mostly degraded in the solvent and its strength massively reduced so it could be considered as an environmentally friendly, biodegradable fiber.

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Sriprateep, Keartisak. "CAD/CAE for stress–strain properties of a wide range of multifilament twisted man-made filament yarns." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 2 (November 15, 2017): 204–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517741162.

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In a previous paper, the computer aided design (CAD)/computer aided engineering (CAE) approach was presented and compared via the stress–strain curves of high-tenacity rayon yarn and the energy method. The maximum stress–extension curves showed very good agreement with experimental results and were more accurate than the previous methods. In this paper, the CAD/CAE method is considered in relation to multifilament yarn, which is equally applicable to a wide range of man-made filament yarns from nine material types. The results of this prediction model were compared with the stress–strain curves of experimental results and the energy method. The maximum stress–extension curves showed very good agreement with the experimental results except for the high-tenacity Terylene and Fortisan. The reasons for the poor agreement between the experimental and predicted curves are discussed. The breaking points obtained with this method are also compared with experimental results and discussed.

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Pei, Zeguang, and Jian He. "Experimental study on the formation of core-spun yarn manufactured on a modified vortex spinning system." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 21-22 (March 7, 2019): 4383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519835764.

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Aiming at achieving online monitoring of the yarn formation process of vortex spinning, this paper presents a direct observation method that adopts a charge-coupled device camera fitted with an industrial endoscope that can reach into the nozzle chamber through a small hole drilled on the nozzle wall. Local pressure distortion in the vortex chamber due to the mounting of the observation apparatus was found experimentally. However, the yarn quality was not significantly affected, indicating that the proposed method has the potential to find industrial applications. Based on this method, the formation process of core-spun yarn containing a copper wire manufactured on a modified vortex spinning system is successfully observed. The results show that the core wire is covered by the main strand (core fibers), while the main strand is false-twisted during the yarn formation process. The level of false twist in the main strand fluctuates with time. The level of false twist in the main strand is higher in the upstream region, while it gradually decreases toward the downstream. Mostly, the trailing ends of some fibers are separated from the main strand and expand over the spindle tip to wrap around both the core fibers and core wire to form wrapper fibers in the yarn, while the leading ends of a smaller number of fibers are separated to form wrapper-wild fibers in the yarn. The proposed method can be extended to the study of fiber movement in confined spaces in other textile manufacturing processes.

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Dan-Mallam, Yakubu, M. S. Abdul Majid, and Mohamad Zaki Abdullah. "Interfacial Shear Stress in Kenaf/Polyethylene Terephthalate Fiber Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 786 (August 2015): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.786.74.

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The mechanical properties of fibre reinforced polymer composites strongly depend on the interfacial bonding between fibre and matrix. The main objective of this paper is to compare the interfacial bonding between kenaf fibre reinforced POM with that of PET fibre reinforced POM in a hybrid composite. Continuous twisted kenaf, and PET yarn were used for the investigation. Each fibre yarn was half embedded in POM by compression moulding. The yarns were extracted from the matrix by single fibre pull out test method. The result of the investigation revealed that the interfacial shear strength of approximately 31.4 MPa between kenaf and POM is higher compared to 24.3 MPa obtained between PET fibre and POM. This may be due to higher surface energy of kenaf fibre with respect to POM in the composite The FESEM micrograph further demonstrates good interfacial adhesion between kenaf and POM in the composite.

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Yoshida, Koukichi, Tetsuya Sakai, and Nobuo Ogata. "Analysis for the breaking behavior of the twisted yarn." Sen'i Gakkaishi 44, no. 7 (1988): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.44.7_325.

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Zhang, Jun Ying. "Design and Development of Non-Ironing Fabric of Cotton/Fractal Polyester Twisted Yarn." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 2235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.2235.

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The main properties of fractal polyester filament are described , the process of the research and development of cotton/fractal polyester twist yarn and it’s fabric is explored. The tensile strength , anti-pilling tendency and iron-free properties of the fabric of cotton/fractal polyester twist yarn are qualified .The product has a wide application prospect and can be used for high grade shell fabric.

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Matsuo, Tatsuki, and Naoto Ikegawa. "Impregnation Behavior and Transverse Bending properties of Thermoplastic Composites Made from Commingled Twisted Spun Yarn." Advanced Composites Letters 1, no. 3 (May 1992): 096369359200100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369359200100310.

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Transverse bending tests were carried out for unidirectional composites fabricated from twisted spun yarn commingled of carbon fiber and Nylon 6 fiber by compression molding. Transverse bending strength was explained in conjunction with their impregnation behaviors.

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Hosseini, Seyed Abdolkarim, Li-Ting Lin, and Frank Ko. "Investigation of the mechanical properties of lignin nanofibrous structures using statistical modeling." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 17 (July 5, 2017): 1943–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517715080.

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The growing use of nanomaterials, environmental concerns and related industrial applications have provided unique opportunities for the development of nanofibers from natural biopolymers such as lignin. The main purpose of this study was to develop a direct relationship between lignin single nanofiber, the aligned nanofiber mat and the twisted nanofiber yarn’s strength using the weakest link theory of strength and the statistical model proposed for parallel fiber bundles. Twisted yarn strength was obtained via in situ mechanical properties of yarn constituent nanofibers affected by the Weibull distribution parameters, fiber fragmentation phenomenon, and obliquity. The results showed that the estimated strength of the single nanofiber and the aligned nanofiber mat was in a good agreement with the experimental data. As it might be expected, the yarn’s estimated strength was found to be highly influenced by the fiber fragmentation phenomenon.

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Lin, Jia Horng, Hsiu Ying Chung, Kun Da Wu, Shih Peng Wen, Chao Tsang Lu, and Ching Wen Lou. "Polylactic Acid Bone Scaffolds Made by Heat Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 627 (December 2012): 751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.627.751.

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Polylactic acid (PLA) has a widespread application, such as bone scaffolds, in biomedical field. This study creates PLA bone scaffolds, which has a structural stability, by using 150 denier (D) PLA plied yarn. 75 D PLA filaments are combined and then twisted into plied yarn. During the twisting process, the twists per inch (TPI) are varied. The resulting plied yarn undergoes heat treatment, and then is evaluated with mechanical property tests, determining an optimal TPI of 9. The plied yarn is then braided into PLA bone scaffolds. PLA bone scaffolds, thermally treated or not, are observed by a stereomicroscope and tested for porosity and tensile strength. According to test results, the optimal TPI is 9, which results from the optimal tensile strength. However, the variation in elongation of various 150 D plied yarn is not significant. When observed by a stereomicroscope, PLA bone scaffolds, which are thermally treated, have a compact filament arrangement. This is due to thermal bonding between filaments; in addition, the heat treatment duration is short, so the PLA filaments are not melted completely, resulting in a stable, hollow structure. According to porosity and tensile strength test, PLA bone scaffolds that are thermally treated exhibit a lower porosity and tensile strength due to the compact arrangement and tender phenomenon of the filaments. As a result, the optimal PLA bone scaffolds are made of 150 D plied with a TPI of 9, followed by a heat treatment at 165 °C for ten minutes.

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Hajiani, F., A. A. Ghareaghaji, Ali A. A. Jeddi, S. H. Amirshahi, and F. Mazaheri. "Wicking properties of polyamide 66 twisted nanofiber yarn by tracing the color alteration in yarn structure." Fibers and Polymers 15, no. 9 (September 2014): 1966–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-1966-1.

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NAKAMURA, Rie, Koichi GODA, Junji NODA, and Anil NETRAVALI. "Elastic Properties of Green Composites Reinforced with Ramie Twisted Yarn." Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering 4, no. 11 (2010): 1605–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmmp.4.1605.

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KIMURA, Shuichiro, Hyun-bum KIM, Koichi GODA, Junji NODA, and Kenji AOKI. "J043022 Continuous molding process of ramie twisted yarn/PP prepreg." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _J043022–1—_J043022–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._j043022-1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Twisted yarn'

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