Relevant bibliographies by topics / Two and three levels

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Two and three levels'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Two and three levels"

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Ketta, Mohamed, Eva Tumova, and Darina Chodova. "Response of three laying hen genotypes to two feed calcium levels." Czech Journal of Animal Science 64, No. 12 (2019): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/228/2019-cjas.

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The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of two dietary Ca levels (3.00% vs 3.50%) in three hen genotypes (ISA Brown, Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL) on their laying performance and quality of their eggs. In order to evaluate the response to dietary Ca, an experiment was conducted with 300 laying hens. One hundred birds from each genotype were divided into 10 replicates (10 birds/cage/Ca level). To reveal the differences, the following characteristics were measured: hen-day egg production percentage, daily feed intake, egg weight, albumen and yolk weights, Haugh unit, eggshell colour, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg shape index and eggshell index. A higher Ca level significantly increased the hen-day egg production percentage of Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL, while ISA Brown laying hens had the higher egg production percentage at a lower dietary Ca level (85.97% vs 82.41%). No significant effect of dietary Ca level was observed on any internal egg quality measurements except the Haugh unit. However, the dietary Ca level significantly affected some of external egg quality measurements, namely eggshell colour (P < 0.001), eggshell weight (P = 0.003) and eggshell strength (P = 0.012). The results of the present study show that laying performance and egg quality parameters responded differently according to hen genotype and dietary Ca level. Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL laying hens required higher levels of Ca to keep egg production high, while the eggshell quality measurements were better at the lower dietary Ca level. Thus, it is recommended to adjust the Ca levels in feed to the nutritional requirements of laying hens.
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Morse, Claire K. "Three Texts at Two Levels." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 39, no. 2 (1994): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/033882.

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Shirakura, Teruhiro. "Fractional factorial designs of two and three levels." Discrete Mathematics 116, no. 1-3 (1993): 99–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-365x(93)90397-c.

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Chatterjee, Kashinath, Hong Qin, and Na Zou. "Lee discrepancy on asymmetrical factorials with two- and three-levels." Science China Mathematics 55, no. 3 (2012): 663–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11425-012-4366-2.

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M. Abdelhamid, Abdelhamid, Ahmed A. Gabr, Fathy F. Khalil, and Mohamed A. A. Abdulaal. "Possible Benefits of Using Two Dietary Crude Protein Levels And Two Fat levels From Three Sources in Feeding Tilapia." Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 23, no. 2 (2019): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2019.31017.

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Yonga, François, Colince Welba, Theodore Louossi, and Noël Djongyang. "A New Control Approach of a Three-Phase Inverter Two Levels." Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 11, no. 03 (2022): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojee.2022.113005.

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Chen, Jen-Gwo, Shu-Kai Wu, Hsiao-Ping Chiu, Chia-Nai Tu, and Chien-Hsiou Liu. "Evaluation of Three Tablet Computers at Two Levels of Ambient Illumination." International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 32, no. 5 (2016): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.1151614.

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Stebe, B., A. Ainane, and F. Dujardin. "Landau levels of two-dimensional negatively charged three-particle Coulomb states." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 8, no. 29 (1996): 5383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/8/29/013.

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Björkqvist, Kaj, and Kirsti Lagerspetz. "CHILDREN'S EXPERIENCE OF THREE TYPES OF CARTOON AT TWO AGE LEVELS*." International Journal of Psychology 20, no. 1 (1985): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1464-066x.1985.tb00015.x.

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Doktorov, A. B., and J. B. Pedersen. "Transitions between two intersecting spin levels in three-dimensional diffusive systems." Applied Magnetic Resonance 26, no. 1-2 (2004): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03166561.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Two and three levels"

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Ayhan, Ufuk. "Investigation Of Dc Bus Current Harmonics In Two And Three Level Three-phase Inverters." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614182/index.pdf.

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Within scope of this work, double-fourier analysis method of rapid calculation and detailed simulation method, which are used to investigate DC bus current harmonics in two level and three level three-phase inverters systematically, will be emphasized and two methods will be compared via applying different modulation techniques. In addition, DC bus currents will be investigated visually for various working conditions and modulation methods. After that, analysis methods will be applied and harmonic spectrums will be determined. After all, it will be showed that calculated harmonic spectrums could be treated as unified harmonics around certain frequencies and these unified harmonics could be reached easily via looking at predetermined table. Moreover, it will also be showed that unified harmonic values could be used to determine harmonic current components that are necessary for sizing DC bus capacitor and could be used in various inverter analysis.
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Hellenthal, Alexander Johannes. "A tale of two levels : there is an "I" in team /." Ridderkerk : Labyrinth Publications, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/393558754.pdf.

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An, Sunghyuck. "Theory of multiwave mixing in two- and three-level media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184560.

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This dissertation presents theories of multiwave mixing in two- and three-level media. The first part of the dissertation treats the semiclassical theories in two-level media. Chapter 2 gives the simple semiclassical theory of four-wave mixing when the two pump frequences differ by more than the reciprocal of the population-difference lifetime. This difference washes out the pump spatial holes as well as one of the two reflection gratings. We compare the results to the degenerate treatment of Abrams and Lind and find significant differences in the reflection coefficient spectra. Chapter 3 presents the semiclassical theory of multiwave in a squeezed vacuum characterized by unequal in-phase and in-quadrature dipole decay times. For a highly squeezed vacuum, we find sharp resonances in both probe absorption and reflection coefficients, which provide sensitive ways to measure the amount of squeezing in the vacuum. The second part of the dissertation treats the quantum theories in two- and three-level media. Chapter 4 develops the fourth-order quantum theory of multiwave mixing to describe the effects of sidemode saturation in two-level media. We derive explicit formulas for the fourth-order quantum coefficients and show that the fourth-order quantum theory reproduces the third-order semiclassical coefficient obtained by truncating a continued fraction. We apply the results to cavity problems and find significant differences in the sideband spectra given by the second- and fourth-order treatments, particularly as the sidemode approaches the laser threshold. The final chapter presents a quantum theory of multiwave mixing in three-level cascades with a two-photon pump. The explicit formulas for the resonance fluorescence spectrum and the quantum combination-tone source term are derived. The theory is applied to the generation of squeezed states of light. We find almost perfect squeezing for some strong pump intensities and good broad-band squeezing for low pump intensities.
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Gebreel, Abd Almula G. M. "Simulation and Implementation of Two-Level and Three-Level Inverters by MATLAB and RT-LAB." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1296051853.

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Bergvall, Olof. "Cohomology of the moduli space of curves of genus three with level two structure." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Matematiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-103062.

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In this thesis we investigate the moduli space M3[2] of curves of genus 3 equipped with a symplectic level 2 structure. In particular, we are interested in the cohomology of this space. We obtain cohomological information by decomposing M3[2] into a disjoint union of two natural subspaces, Q[2] and H3[2], and then making S7- resp. S8-equivariantpoint counts of each of these spaces separately.<br>Målet med denna uppsats är att undersöka modulirummet M3[2] av kurvor av genus 3 med symplektisk nivå 2 struktur. Mer specifikt vill vi hitta informationom kohomologin av detta rum. För att uppnå detta delar vi först upp M[2] i en disjunkt union av två naturliga delrum, Q[2] och H3[2], och räknar därefter punkterna av dessa rum S7- respektive S8-ekvivariant.
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Jamil, Mohsin. "Repetitive current control of two-level and interleaved three-phase PWM utility connected converters." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/301402/.

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This thesis is mainly concerned with investigations into digital repetitive current control of two-level and interleaved utility connected PWM converters. The research is motivated by the relatively poor performance of classical (PI) controllers when the utility voltage harmonic distortion is high. This is due to the low gain, and poor disturbance rejection of the PI controller at the utility harmonic frequencies. Repetitive feedback controllers have the ability to track or reject periodic disturbances, such as utility harmonics, as they naturally have high gains at the utility voltage harmonic frequencies, assuming that these frequencies do not change. Repetitive controllers (RC) are known for being sensitive to variations in system parameters and disturbance frequency, which in practice renders them either ineffective or unstable. Another challenge arises from the memory requirements of RC in case of the absence of even harmonics, which can make its practical implementation difficult and expensive. In addition, another problem that has not been investigated extensively in the literature is that the effectiveness of RC is severely limited by the limited bandwidth of the plant (the utility connected converter and its filter). Theoretical analysis and simulation results presented in this thesis show that RC could not effectively reject disturbances at frequencies above the closed loop system bandwidth. The design of the converter's output filter bandwidth and the values of its components need to be selected carefully, to enable RC to be used effectively. The research in this thesis focuses on investigating the practical implementation and performance limits of two types of repetitive controllers (conventional and oddharmonics), used for current control of two-level utility connected converter with LCL output filter. The odd-harmonic repetitive controller halves the memory requirement and offers higher gains only at odd harmonic frequencies of interest. The overall control scheme consists of the traditional classical tracking controller with a dual loop feedback system and RC. The results indicate that the repetitive controller improves the steady state error and the total harmonic distortion of the output current, provided that the plant's bandwidth is sufficiently large. Finally, a repetitive controller for an interleaved utility connected converter has been designed and investigated in this study. The interleaved converter system has higher bandwidth than the two-level converter, which improves the effectiveness of RC. It provides good disturbance rejection compared to classical controllers which results in low output current THD. The RC was demonstrated to be robust despite uncertainty in utility impedance, while achieving a fast almost zero error convergence. The proposed RC has been experimentally implemented using a DSP and the results indicate that the quality of output current complies with international standards on harmonic limits and matches simulation results obtained from the Matlab/Simulink model of the system.
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Addas, Rima Mahmoud. "Supporting access to distributed EPRs (electronic patient records) with three levels of identity privacy preservation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/supporting-access-to-distributed-eprs-electronic-patient-records-with-three-levels-of-identity-privacy-preservation(86d4ea38-dcbd-477e-a905-466957183e6e).html.

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The extensive use of the Internet has been accompanied by the augmentation of e-services, such as e-health. Particularly, the improvement in e-health has put a massive load of sensitive information in the hands of service providers and other parties, where privacy risks might exist when accessing sensitive data stored in the form of electronic patient records (EPRs). EPRs support efficient access to patient data by multiple healthcare providers and third party users, which will consequently improve patient care. However, the sensitive nature of this data requires access restrictions to only those 'who need to know'. How to achieve this without compromising patient privacy remains an open issue that needs further consideration. This thesis, therefore, addresses privacy problems with distributed EPRs and how to allow authorised users to access them with multiple levels of identity privacy preservations. The thesis investigates existing security solutions for achieving privacy preserving distributed data access and analyses their strengths and weaknesses. It then proposes a novel method to support secure access to distributed EPRs with three levels of patient identity privacy preservations, i.e., the 3LI2P version 1 (3LI2Pv1) method. The idea of the method is to integrate a number of significant features, which have not been considered in the related work, and these features are: (1) supporting three levels of controlled distributed EPR accesses by different legitimate user groups while preserving patient identity privacy; (2) making use of different digital credentials to support the three levels of access; (3) simplifying key management distribution; (4) optimising performance; and(5) supporting separation of duties among trusted third parties, ensuring accountability. The 3LI2Pv1 method makes use of three layers of pseudonyms to achieve these properties, i.e., each patient has multiple pseudonyms layered at three levels. The method relies on a combined cryptographic primitives, symmetric cryptosystem, asymmetric cryptosystem and a hash function, to generate these pseudonyms. The security properties and the performance of the 3LI2Pv1 method are analysed, evaluated and compared with related work. The results from the comparison show that our 3LI2Pv1 method is better in terms of supporting the requirements necessary to preserve a patient's identity privacy in a distributed setting at no significant additional costs. The thesis also proposes an enhanced version of the above method called the 3LI2P version 2 (3LI2Pv2) method. This latter method enhances the 3LI2Pv1 method in terms of reducing key management burden on central trusted third party, enforcing the least access privilege principle, not only among users and central trusted third party, but also among health service providers who manage the patients' data, further improving performance, ensuring the integrity of patient pseudonyms, providing pseudonyms uniqueness and finally, facilitating a more ne-grained access control by introducing an additional linkable anonymousa ccess sub-level. The 3LI2Pv2 method has been analysed in terms of security and performance. Based on the 3LI2Pv2 method, the thesis introduces a novel 3LI2Pv2 protocol. The protocol is designed specifically for the 3LI2Pv2 method to facilitate different types of accesses, linkable access, Level-2 inter-HSP linkable anonymous access, Level-2 intra-HSP linkable anonymous access and anonymous access, and to allow different user groups to securely access distributed EPRs according to their privileges, without compromising the patient's privacy. The security properties of the 3LI2Pv2 protocol are formally verified using the Casper/FDR2 verification tool. To evaluate its performance, a prototype of the 3LI2Pv2 protocol has been implemented using Java under two different settings, a single machine and distributed machines settings. Using these implementation settings, performance evaluations of the protocol were conducted. The results from the evaluations (under both settings) confirmed that we have successfully balanced between security and performance without compromising the patient's privacy.
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Ausiello, Ludovico <1979&gt. "Two-and-Three level representation of analog and digital signals by means of advanced sigma-delta modulation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2184/1/Ausiello_Ludovico_Tesi.pdf.

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Ausiello, Ludovico <1979&gt. "Two-and-Three level representation of analog and digital signals by means of advanced sigma-delta modulation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2184/.

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Pinel, Xavier. "A perturbed two-level preconditioner for the solution of three-dimensional heterogeneous Helmholtz problems with applications to geophysics." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0033/document.

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Le sujet de cette thèse est le développement de méthodes itératives permettant la résolution degrands systèmes linéaires creux d'équations présentant plusieurs seconds membres simultanément. Ces méthodes seront en particulier utilisées dans le cadre d'une application géophysique : la migration sismique visant à simuler la propagation d'ondes sous la surface de la terre. Le problème prend la forme d'une équation d'Helmholtz dans le domaine fréquentiel en trois dimensions, discrétisée par des différences finies et donnant lieu à un système linéaire creux, complexe, non-symétrique, non-hermitien. De plus, lorsque de grands nombres d'onde sont considérés, cette matrice possède une taille élevée et est indéfinie. Du fait de ces propriétés, nous nous proposons d'étudier des méthodes de Krylov préconditionnées par des techniques hiérarchiques deux niveaux. Un tel pre-conditionnement s'est montré particulièrement efficace en deux dimensions et le but de cette thèse est de relever le défi de l'adapter au cas tridimensionel. Pour ce faire, des méthodes de Krylov sont utilisées à la fois comme lisseur et comme méthode de résolution du problème grossier. Ces derniers choix induisent l'emploi de méthodes de Krylov dites flexibles<br>The topic of this PhD thesis is the development of iterative methods for the solution of large sparse linear systems of equations with possibly multiple right-hand sides given at once. These methods will be used for a specific application in geophysics - seismic migration - related to the simulation of wave propagation in the subsurface of the Earth. Here the three-dimensional Helmholtz equation written in the frequency domain is considered. The finite difference discretization of the Helmholtz equation with the Perfect Matched Layer formulation produces, when high frequencies are considered, a complex linear system which is large, non-symmetric, non-Hermitian, indefinite and sparse. Thus we propose to study preconditioned flexible Krylov subspace methods, especially minimum residual norm methods, to solve this class of problems. As a preconditioner we consider multi-level techniques and especially focus on a two-level method. This twolevel preconditioner has shown efficient for two-dimensional applications and the purpose of this thesis is to extend this to the challenging three-dimensional case. This leads us to propose and analyze a perturbed two-level preconditioner for a flexible Krylov subspace method, where Krylov methods are used both as smoother and as approximate coarse grid solver
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Books on the topic "Two and three levels"

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United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. Educational Policy Advisory Committee. One-two-three: How many levels of nurse should there be?. The Council, 1985.

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United Kingdom Central Coucil for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. Educational Policy Advisory Committee., ed. Project 2000: One-two-three : how many levels of nurse should there be?. United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwiferyand Health Visting, 1985.

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United Kingdom Central Coucil for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. Educational Policy Advisory Committee., ed. Project 2000: One-two-three: how many levels of nurse should there be?. United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwiferyand Health Visiting, 1985.

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Jones, Karen. Marketing library services: Level Three - Project Two. Lpool John Moores U, 1996.

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Fannes, Mark, Christian Maes, and André Verbeure, eds. On Three Levels. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2460-1.

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McCullagh, Sheila K. One, two, three. Collins Educational, 1985.

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McCullagh, Sheila K. One, two, three. Collins Educational, 1988.

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David, Booth, and MeadowBook Press, eds. One, two, three! MeadowBook Press, 1994.

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Hardwick, Fiona. One two three. Heinemann Young Books, 1995.

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Hunt, Janie Louise. One, two, three. Millbrook Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Two and three levels"

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Speer, Eugene R. "The Two Species Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process." In On Three Levels. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2460-1_9.

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Lőrinczi, J. "Some Results on the Projected Two-Dimensional Ising Model." In On Three Levels. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2460-1_45.

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Kennedy, T. "Homogeneity in the Ground State of the Two-Dimensional Falicov-Kimball Model." In On Three Levels. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2460-1_4.

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Puri, Ravinder Rupchand. "Two-Level and Three-Level Hamiltonian Systems." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44953-9_11.

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Kozub-Karkut, Magdalena. "Three Levels of Horizontal Role Contestation Processes in the V4 States." In Two-Level Role Theory and EU Migration. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003582656-7.

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Kozub-Karkut, Magdalena. "Three Levels of Horizontal Role Contestation Processes in the V4 States." In Two-Level Role Theory and EU Migration. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003582656-6.

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Luo, Wensheng, Yunfei Yin, Xiangyu Shao, Jianxing Liu, and Ligang Wu. "Sliding Mode Control of Three-Phase Two-Level Converters." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94289-2_2.

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Luo, Wensheng, Yunfei Yin, Xiangyu Shao, Jianxing Liu, and Ligang Wu. "Model Predictive Control of Three-Phase Two-Level Converters." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94289-2_7.

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Luo, Wensheng, Yunfei Yin, Xiangyu Shao, Jianxing Liu, and Ligang Wu. "Proportional-Integral Control of Three-Phase Two-Level Converters." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94289-2_3.

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Yin, Yunfei, Lei Liu, Zhijian Hu, Hao Lin, and Ligang Wu. "Cascade Control for Three Phase Two-Level Power Converters." In Robust Control Strategies for Power Electronics in Smart Grid Applications. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53188-0_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Two and three levels"

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Gupta, Shailesh Kumar. "Switching Study of Dual Two-Level Three-Phase VSI for Three-Level Action." In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Interdisciplinary Approaches in Technology and Management for Social Innovation (IATMSI). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/iatmsi64286.2025.10985632.

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Ming, Liu, Zhang Chun-jiang, and Xu Dexun. "Combined Three-Phase PFC Converter and Control Based on Two-Switch Three-Level." In 2024 Second International Conference on Cyber-Energy Systems and Intelligent Energy (ICCSIE). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsie61360.2024.10698603.

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Udomkaew, Srimongkhon, Krittayot Sengsui, Wiset Saksiri, Matheepot Phattanasak, Roghayeh Gavagsaz-Ghoachani, and Serge Pierfederici. "Cascaded control for a Two-output, Three-Level Buck Converter." In 2024 International Conference on Materials and Energy: Energy in Electrical Engineering (ICOME-EE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icome-ee64119.2024.10845363.

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Zhi, Qiying, and Xiaoqiong He. "Aging Detection of Three-Phase Two-Level Rectifier Base on PHM." In 2024 IEEE 19th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea61579.2024.10664664.

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Younis, Raghda M., Harith Al Badrani, and Marcelo Pozo. "Comparative Study of Two and Three Level Inverter to Control Three-Phase Induction Machine Based on DTC." In 2024 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Informatics (EECSI). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/eecsi63442.2024.10776451.

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Sriprang, Songklod, Babak Nahid-Mobarakeh, Noureddine Takorabet, et al. "High-Performance Nonlinear Control for Three-Phase Two-Level Boost PFC Rectifier." In 2024 International Conference on Materials and Energy: Energy in Electrical Engineering (ICOME-EE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icome-ee64119.2024.10845652.

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Wu, Zhaorui, and yang Wang. "Online scheduling of three parallel machines with two GoS levels." In International Conference on Algorithms, Microchips, and Network Applications, edited by Fengjie Cen and Ning Sun. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2636387.

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Gervasio, F., R. A. Mastromauro, and M. Liserre. "Power losses analysis of two-levels and three-levels PWM inverters handling reactive power." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit.2015.7125248.

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Bouyahi, Henda, Khaled Ben Smida, and Adel Khedher. "On the overvoltage of three phase induction motor fed by two levels inverter." In 2019 International Conference on Signal, Control and Communication (SCC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scc47175.2019.9116098.

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de Lacerda, Rodrigo P., Edgard L. L. Fabricio, Cursino B. Jacobina, Maricio B. R. Correa, and Ivan da Silva. "Y-connected topologies composed of three three-leg converters with two-level and three-level legs." In 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2017.8095841.

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Reports on the topic "Two and three levels"

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Baker, George H., and Jr. So Whose Sword Is This Anyway? Applying The Three Levels of War To Conflict Termination. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425942.

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2

Meyer, Erik. Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park: Acoustic monitoring report 2019. National Park Service, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36967/2312657.

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In 2018, the Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division (NSNSD) received a technical assistance request (4938) to collect baseline acoustic data at Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO) to pair with a concurring study tracking aircraft over the park. From March to October 2019, acoustical monitoring systems were deployed at three study sites in the park, HAVO002 (Mauna Loa) and HAVO002B (Halemaʻumaʻu) during the Spring, and HAVO009A (Puʻu Huluhulu/ New Lava Flows) during the Summer and Fall. Combined, these three seasons of acoustic measurements provide park managers with baseline information about the acoustic environment, including existing ambient sound levels, time-above noise level metrics, and audibility of a variety of sound sources in the park. Aircraft and vehicles were the most frequently heard noise sources at all sites during spring, summer, and fall measurement periods. However, these two sources contributed less than 15% of noise audibility across the entire monitoring period. Overall, across all sites and seasons, existing median ambient sound levels (LA50) ranged from 20.2 dB–32.4 dB during the daytime and 16.8–39.8 dB during the nighttime. Natural ambient sound levels (LAnat) ranged between 19.0–32.0 dB during the day and 16.7–39.8 dB at night. Increased natural ambient sound levels during day and night varied by location and were likely caused by diurnal winds and site-specific ecology that drives insect and bird activity. Over the two measurement periods, during the daytime, hourly LAeq sound levels exceeded 52 dBA level, a level at which interpretive programs are likely to be interrupted, less than 3.0 % of the time.
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3

Gui, Feng, and Ramgopal Thodla. PR-186-163608-R01 Resistance of TMCP Line Pipe Material to Sulfide SCC in Sour Service. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011587.

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This report summarizes the effort to evaluate the sour fracture toughness properties of two thermo-mechanically controlled processed (TMCP) pipes and a plate material in sour environments with different H2S partial pressures. The primary objective of the project was to measure the fracture toughness properties of two TMCP pipes and a plate material in sour environments at three levels of H2S partial pressures ranging from 0.1 psia to 200 psia. The project also evaluated the Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) and Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) susceptibilities (for selected conditions) of materials. Constant load and constant displacement tests were performed for two of the three H2S levels to determine the initiation toughness as compared to that determined in the slow rising displacement fracture toughness (FT) tests.
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4

Atuhurra, Julius, and Michelle Kaffenberger. System (In)Coherence: Quantifying the Alignment of Primary Education Curriculum Standards, Examinations, and Instruction in Two East African Countries. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/057.

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Improvements in instructional coherence have been shown to have large impacts on student learning, yet analysis of such coherence, especially in developing countries and at a systems level, is rare. We use an established methodology, the Surveys of Enacted Curriculum (SEC), and apply it to a developing country context to systematically analyze and quantify the content and coherence of the primary curriculum standards, national examinations, and actual teaching delivered in the classroom in Uganda and Tanzania. We find high levels of incoherence across all three instructional components. In Uganda, for example, only four of the fourteen topics in the English curriculum standards appear on the primary leaving exam, and two of the highest-priority topics in the standards are completely omitted from the exams. In Tanzania, only three of fourteen English topics are covered on the exam, and all are assessed at the “memorization” level. Rather than aligning with either the curriculum standards or exams, teachers’ classroom instruction is poorly aligned with both. Teachers tend to cover broad swathes of content and levels of cognitive demand, unrelated to the structure of either the curriculum standards or exams. An exception is Uganda mathematics, for which standards, exams, and teacher instruction are all well aligned. By shedding light on alignment deficits in the two countries, these results draw attention to a policy area that has previously attracted little (if any) attention in many developing countries’ education policy reform efforts. In addition to providing empirical results for Uganda and Tanzania, this study provides a proof-of-concept for the use of the SEC methodology as a diagnostic tool in developing countries, helping education systems identify areas of instructional (in)coherence and informing efforts to improve coherence for learning.
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Blakey, Rachel, Monica Buhler, Lizzy Young, Bob Wilkerson, and Rodney Siegel. Inventory surveys for bats and California spotted owls at Devils Postpile National Monument: Final report. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2300702.

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For its size, Devils Postpile National Monument supports a diverse assemblage of nocturnal fauna. Our summer 2022 surveys recorded 15 bat species within the monument. Five of these species had not been previously confirmed in the monument, including two of the three sensitive species targeted: pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) and fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes). No California Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) were confirmed, but a Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) was recorded. Across the disturbance categories of interest identified by monument leadership (e.g., high, moderate, and low levels of fire and blowdown disturbance), there was little variability in bat species richness, total activity, or individual species occurrence. Sites with moderate levels of disturbance recorded the most species and highest levels of activity compared to high and low disturbance, and both priority species were recorded within all three disturbance categories. Targeted surveys (e.g. radio-tracking, multiple season visits) would be required to determine the importance of the monument for critical life stages of its sensitive bat species, such as breeding. Within the fire-prone North American West, roosting habitat requirements for bats presents a key knowledge gap impeding bat conservation in the region (Loeb and Blakey 2021).
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6

Rocheford, Torbert, Yaakov Tadmor, Robert Lambert, and Nurit Katzir. Molecular Marker Mapping of Genes Enhancing Tocol and Carotenoid Composition of Maize Grain. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571352.bard.

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The overall objective of this research was to identify chromosomal regions and candidate genes associated with control of concentration and forms of carotenoids (includes pro-Vitamin A) and tocopherols (Vitamin E), which are both antioxidants and are associated with health advantages. Vitamin A and E are included in animal feeding supplements and the eventual goal is to increase levels of these compounds in maize grain so that the cost of these supplements can be reduced or eliminated. Moreover, both compounds are antioxidants that protect unsaturated fatty acids from oxidation and thus maintaining maize oil quality for longer periods. We identified three SSR markers that are associated with 38% of the variation for total carotenoids and three SSR markers associated with 44% of the variation for total tocopherols in the cross W64a x A632. We identified two candidate genes associated with levels of carotenoids: phytoene synthase and zeta carotene desaturase. Evaluation of (Illinois High Oil x B73) B73 BC 1S1 population for tocopherols detected additional chromosomal regions influencing the level of total tocopherols, and detected a common region on chromosome 5 associated with ratio of the more desirable alpha from to the gamma form of tocopherol. The results suggest molecular marker assisted selection for higher levels of these antioxidants in corn grain should be feasible.
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7

Olstad, Tyra. Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore: Acoustic monitoring report, 2022. National Park Service, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36967/2309412.

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This study was conducted in response to Technical Assistance Request (TAR) 20133, which identified a need for a baseline acoustic inventory within a discontinuous parcel of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore (SLBE). Although the Bow Lakes parcel is frequented by visitors seeking a quiet refuge away from crowds, it is bordered by three privately owned and operated sand and gravel mines. The park needs information about existing and natural ambient sound levels to evaluate the effects of mining noise on the parcel. In March-April 2022, the Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division (NSNSD) gathered acoustic data at two sites in the Bow Lakes parcel in SLBE, discontinuous from the popular areas along the shoreline as well as the Sleeping Bear Dunes Wilderness but bordered by three privately owned and operated sand and gravel mines. On average, noise was present 71.2–77.3% of the time at these sites, with vehicles the most common identifiable source of non-natural noise, audible an average of 22.9–23.2% of the time, and heavy equipment the main contributor. Existing median ambient sound levels (LA50) ranged from 24.1–24.2 dB at night and 30.2–30.9 dB during the day. Natural ambient sound levels (LAnat) ranged from 20.9 dB at night to 26.9–27.6 during the day. The median influence noise has on the acoustic environment, defined as the difference between LA50 and LAnat, was 3.2–3.3 dB, representing a detectable increase in sound levels due to anthropogenic noise. In the ANS-weighted frequency range, the sound level of 35 dB (LAeq, 1s), indicative of quiet environments, was exceeded 14.27–14.35% of the day and 7.36–10.49% of the night. All other key sound levels (i.e., 45 dB and above) were exceeded less than 0.4% of the time. To summarize, the Bow Lake parcel receives consistent but low-level anthropogenic noise that would be noticeable to a listener. A geospatial sound model designed to estimate sound levels over larger areas predicts existing median sound level (L50) of 37.0 dBA and a median natural L50 of 33.6 dBA across the park, with lower sound levels in the Wilderness Area and Bow Lakes parcel and localized effects from anthropogenic noise, especially along M-22.
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8

Fouquet, Anne, Edgar Aragón, and Marcia Campos. The Emergence of Successful Export Activities in Mexico: Three Case Studies. Inter-American Development Bank, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011328.

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This paper consists of three case studies of the emergence of three successful export activities in Mexico: avocado production, the manufacture of catheters, and call center outsourcing. Each case study discusses how companies, associations, and governments at various levels have addressed market failures and facilitated the provision of public goods necessary for each activity. The case studies additionally profile first movers in each activity and describe the positive externalities they provide to imitators, particularly diffusion of export knowledge. Also include in each case study is a counterfactual case of a less successful activity (mangos, stem cell banking, and other types of business process outsourcing, respectively) and a section on policy implications.
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9

Weaver, R., and J. Ogborn. CGX-00-005 Cellulosic-Covered Electrode Storage - Influence on Welding Performance and Weld Properties. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011816.

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Cellulosic-covered electrodes have been used for shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) circumferential welding of line pipe over many decades. They are characterized by electrode coverings containing organic matter. Unlike low hydrogen SMAW electrodes that achieve optimum results at low covering moisture levels, cellulosic-covered electrodes require much higher covering moisture levels for proper operation. For example, pipe welders have been known to deliberately expose electrodes to the weather, or even dip them in water prior to use. There are suggestions that high incidents of hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC) might be associated with low moisture levels in the cellulosic-covered electrodes used. This suggests further that storage and handling practices based on conventional wisdom in the field may not be sufficient as the industry transitions to more demanding applications and higher-strength materials. Consequently, this work was undertaken to develop more definitive information on the performance of cellulosic-covered electrodes for three purposes: � determine the influence of various storage and handling practices on electrode covering moisture, � determine the influence of covering moisture on electrode operability, weld metal chemical composition, and weld hardness, and � develop more definitive guidelines for cellulosic-covered electrode storage and handling practice. Three different E8010 type electrodes (one E8018-G and two E8018-P1) were subjected to various storage conditions - temperatures from -40�C (-40�F) to 66�C (150�F), and time periods up to 196 hours. As the temperature increased there was a tendency for lower electrode covering moisture levels with corresponding increases in weld metal alloy content (particularly Mn, Si, and Ti), increased weld hardness, increased weld strength, and higher tendency to HAC. Variations in electrode operation were also noted.
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10

Olsen, Laurie, Kathryn Lindholm-Leary, Magaly Lavadenz, Elvira Armas, and Franca Dell'Olio. Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative: A Three-Year Pilot Study Research Monograph. PROMISE INITIATIVE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.seal2010.

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The Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative Research Monograph is comprised of four sub-studies that took place between 2006 and 2009 to examine the effectiveness of the PROMISE Initiative across six implementing counties. Beginning in 2002, the superintendents of the six Southern California County Offices of Education collaborated to examine the pattern of the alarmingly low academic performance of English learners (EL) across Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, San Diego, Riverside, and Ventura. Together, these six counties serve over one million EL students, more than 66% of the total EL population in the state of California, and close to 20% of the EL population in the nation. Data were compiled for the six counties, research on effective programs for ELs was shared, and a common vision for the success of ELs began to emerge. Out of this effort, the PROMISE Initiative was created to uphold a critical vision that ensured that ELs achieved and sustained high levels of proficiency, high levels of academic achievement, sociocultural and multicultural competency, preparation for successful transition to higher education, successful preparation as a 21st century global citizen, and high levels of motivation, confidence, and self-assurance. This report is organized into six chapters: an introductory chapter, four chapters of related studies, and a summary chapter. The four studies were framed around four areas of inquiry: 1) What is the PROMISE model? 2) What does classroom implementation of the PROMISE model look like? 3) What leadership skills do principals at PROMISE schools need to lead transformative education for ELs? 4) What impact did PROMISE have on student learning and participation? Key findings indicate that the PROMISE Initiative: • resulted in positive change for ELs at all levels including achievement gains and narrowing of the gap between ELs and non-ELs • increased use of research-based classroom practices • refined and strengthened plans for ELs at the district-level, and • demonstrated potential to enable infrastructure, partnerships, and communities of practice within and across the six school districts involved. The final chapter of the report provides implications for school reform for improving EL outcomes including bolstering EL expertise in school reform efforts, implementing sustained and in-depth professional development, monitoring and supporting long-term reform efforts, and establishing partnerships and networks to develop, research and disseminate efforts.
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