Relevant bibliographies by topics / Two-photon chromophores

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Two-photon chromophores'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Two-photon chromophores"

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Salem, M. Alaraby, Isaac Twelves, and Alex Brown. "Prediction of two-photon absorption enhancement in red fluorescent protein chromophores made from non-canonical amino acids." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 35 (2016): 24408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp03865d.

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Rogers, Joy E., Jonathan E. Slagle, Douglas M. Krein, Aaron R. Burke, Benjamin C. Hall, Albert Fratini, Daniel G. McLean, et al. "Platinum Acetylide Two-Photon Chromophores." Inorganic Chemistry 46, no. 16 (August 2007): 6483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic700549n.

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Hu, Zhi Yuan, Fu Quan Guo, Hao Liang, and Bin Guo. "A Novel Multibranched Chromophore Containing Carbazole Moiety for Two-Photon Microfabrication." Advanced Materials Research 485 (February 2012): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.485.566.

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A novel multibranched chromophore containing carbazole moiety，4, 4´, 4´´-tris(9-carbazyl-trans-styryl) triphenylamine (TCSTPA)，was synthesized and characterized by 1HNMR and elemental analysis. A larger two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section of the chromophore was obtained as high as 2350 GM compared to that of the traditional linear chromophore when pumped by a femtosecond laser at 800 nm. Microstructure based on TPA induced polymerization with a spatial resolution of submicron was fabricated under much lower incident laser power using TCSTPA as a TPA photoinitiator and a multifunctional resin of pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) as a polymerizable monomer. The result indicates potential applications of this kind of chromophores with multibranched structural motif in the fabrication of polymer and functional microdevices.
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Li, Xin, Zilvinas Rinkevicius, and Hans Ågren. "Two-Photon Absorption of Metal-Assisted Chromophores." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 10, no. 12 (November 19, 2014): 5630–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ct500579n.

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Birge, Robert R. "Two-photon spectroscopy of protein-bound chromophores." Accounts of Chemical Research 19, no. 5 (May 1986): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar00125a003.

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Slepkov, Aaron D., Frank A. Hegmann, Rik R. Tykwinski, Kenji Kamada, Koji Ohta, Jeremiah A. Marsden, Eric L. Spitler, Jeremie J. Miller, and Michael M. Haley. "Two-photon absorption in two-dimensional conjugated quadrupolar chromophores." Optics Letters 31, no. 22 (October 26, 2006): 3315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.31.003315.

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He, Guang S., Tzu-Chau Lin, Jianming Dai, Paras N. Prasad, Ramamurthi Kannan, Ann G. Dombroskie, Richard A. Vaia, and Loon-Seng Tan. "Degenerate two-photon-absorption spectral studies of highly two-photon active organic chromophores." Journal of Chemical Physics 120, no. 11 (March 15, 2004): 5275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1647537.

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Wang, Xiaomei, Ping Yang, Guibao Xu, Wanli Jiang, and Tianshe Yang. "Two-photon absorption and two-photon excited fluorescence of triphenylamine-based multibranched chromophores." Synthetic Metals 155, no. 3 (December 2005): 464–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.06.006.

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Shelton, Abigail H., Silvano R. Valandro, Randi S. Price, Galyna G. Dubinina, Khalil A. Abboud, Geoffrey Wicks, Aleksander Rebane, Muhammad Younus, and Kirk S. Schanze. "Stereochemical Effects on Platinum Acetylide Two-Photon Chromophores." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 123, no. 43 (October 7, 2019): 9382–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07823.

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Ghazvini Zadeh, E. H., S. Tang, A. W. Woodward, T. Liu, M. V. Bondar, and K. D. Belfield. "Chromophoric materials derived from a natural azulene: syntheses, halochromism and one-photon and two-photon microlithography." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 33 (2015): 8495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc01459j.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Two-photon chromophores"

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Pond, Stephanie J. "Two-photon spectroscopy of conjugated organic chromophores." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280377.

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The study of two-photon absorbing (TPA) chromophores has previously shown that intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) between electron donors (D) and acceptors (A) symmetrically substituted on a π-conjugated bridge can result in large values of the two photon cross section (δ). This work addresses the role of torsion in the π-backbone on δ, modulation of δ by solvent polarity, and development of two-photon excitable molecular sensors. Investigations of the one- and two-photon properties of di(styryl)benzene derivatives with terminal donor groups and cyano acceptors substituted either on the central phenyl ring or on the adjacent vinyl groups show that the position of the cyano group has a significant effect on the geometry and optical properties of the molecules. δ for vinyl substituted molecules is half that for phenylene substituted molecules and is similar to the values obtained for molecules with no acceptor groups. The one- and two-photon spectroscopic differences can be related to the donor-acceptor distance in these molecules and to the degree of torsion in conjugated backbone. Torsional effects on the electronic coupling of multi-chromophore molecules are also investigated. For quadrupolar TPA chromophores, solvent polarity weakly affects the linear absorption but strongly modifies the fluorescence spectral position and quantum yield (η). The TPA peak position does not shift with solvent polarity, however the magnitude of δ increases by up to a factor of two in acetonitrile relative to toluene. Analysis of the data in terms of the stabilization of intramolecular charge transfer by polar solvents is explored. Two-photon absorbing molecular sensors are investigated in which an ion binding group is incorporated as one of the donor groups (D-A-D' ) in a TPA molecule. When one monoaza-15-crown-5-ether macrocycle is bound to the chromophore, the two-photon induced fluorescence signal (ηδ) decreases seven-fold upon addition of magnesium ions, in part as delta is modulated, due to decreased ICT from the nitrogen lone pair involved in ion binding. In molecules incorporating 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)-ethane- N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, a 5-fold enhancement of ηδ is observed upon calcium ion binding in water at 720 nm. Changes in the TPA spectrum upon binding of Ca²⁺ in micellar systems are also observed.
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Boreham, Elizabeth. "Two-photon chromophores as switches and sensitizers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/twophoton-chromophores-as-switches-and-sensitizers(96d24fb5-1a31-4c2e-87da-20a841e2af98).html.

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Two-photon photo-activated functional molecules play key roles in a growing number of technological and biological applications as the availability of high powered, tuneable lasers increases. The development of new, strongly two-photon absorbing functional chromophores is key to the advancement of these technologies. A series of photoresponsive compounds including organic chromophores and transition metal coordination complexes were designed, synthesised and characterised by NMR, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. Photophysical characterisation of the compounds including electronic absorption spectroscopy, luminescence spectroscopy, luminescence lifetime studies and two-photon absorption (2PA) experiments were performed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed and supporting data are presented. Of particular interest is the use of photochromic materials to address the increasing demand for high-density data storage employing two-photon absorption for 3-dimensional control of excitation. Towards this, a series of four photochromic "push-pull" azobenzenes of donor-pie-acceptor structure containing a para-ethoxy donor substituent have been synthesized with varying strength of the acceptor group (para-NO2, CN, CO2Et, F). Kinetic studies of their one-photon photoisomerisation and thermal cis-trans isomerisation were performed in solution and in polymer films, and their non-linear two-photon trans-cis photoisomerisation was demonstrated. Luminescent metal centres offer the possibility of a fluorescent read-out mechanism for optical data storage, modulated by a photochromic ligand, which may quench fluorescence in one isomer and not the other. Two photochromic pyridyl azobenzene ligands were designed and synthesised and coordinated to Re(I), Pt(II) and Ru(II) polypridyl metal centres. The trans-cis photochromism of the ligands and complexes was investigated by one- and two-photon absorption. Luminescence modulation was demonstrated via photochromism of the coordinated ligand L2 for the Re(I) tricarbonyl bipyridyl complex ReL2 which displayed enhanced emission intensity in the cis form.2PA is also of interest for biological applications due to the longer, less damaging wavelengths used at which biological tissue is more transparent. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive clinical treatment for cancers where a photosensitizer is optically excited to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen, which kills cells in the area under irradiation. Platinum group transition metal complexes have been investigated for this purpose due to their strong 2PA properties and accessible low-lying triplet states, which make them efficient triplet-triplet energy transfer agents. A new cyclometallated Ir(III) complex bearing a fluorenyl phenanthroline ligand and a related bimetallic Ir(III)-Ru(II) complex were synthesised and assessed as two-photon singlet oxygen sensitizers. The monometallic Ir(III) complex was also shown to demonstrate PDT action by altering the morphology of C6 Glioma cells under 740 nm two-photon excitation.
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Ohira, Shino. "Theoretical evaluation of the nonlinear optical properties of extended and p-conjugated chromophores." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29717.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Brédas, Jean-Luc; Committee Member: Janata, Jiri; Committee Member: Kippelen, Bernard; Committee Member: Marder, Seth; Committee Member: Sherrill, David. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Ohira, Shino. "Theoretical evaluation of the nonlinear optical properties of extended and π-conjugated chromophores." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29717.

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The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated in various extended　π-conjugated chromophores: cyanine and alkyne carbocations; porphyrin dimers; and squaraine compounds that possess electronic, double resonance, and vibronic based NLO properties. In summary: (i) It was demonstrated that the alkyne carbocations have very similar optical properties to traditional cyanine dyes. Our theoretical results establish that the alkyne carbocations, in spite of their significant degree of bond-length alternation, behave in the same way as cyanine dyes. (ii) The nature of the -bridge in porphyrin dimers tunes the electronic coupling strength, which in turn determines the splitting of the energy levels and the (non)linear optical properties. (iii) We have shown that the origin of the lowest TPA-active states in squaraines is dependent on the nature of substituent donor moiety, changing from predominantly electronic to vibronic in character. For all squaraines containing indolinylidenemethyl donors, a vibronic origin for the TPA peak, and the energy and lineshape of the experimentally observed lowest TPA peak in these compounds were confirmed.
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Lavin, Judith M. "The synthesis and characterization of two-photon fluorescent chromophores for biological imaging." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292029.

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Two consequences of two-photon absorption phenomena (TPA); pin-point resolution and improved depth penetration, have generated interest in its potential use in biological imaging. Conventional dyes used for confocal scanning laser microscopy work well for this one-photon absorption process, however have not been optimized for two-photon absorption. Thus a need exists for the synthesis of two-photon fluorescent dyes with a large two-photon absorption cross sections. A variety of TPA dyes, of three classes were synthesized and characterized: (i) bis(styryl)benzene derivatives; (ii) amphiphilic dyes; (iii) cyanine-like dyes. In the design of these dyes, the structural features that affected two-photon cross section delta, and the fluorescence quantum yield phifl, were chosen and tuned with the aim of optimizing these parameters. With the cyanine-like derivatives, the effects of resonance enhancement and detuning were also factors that required optimization through structural alterations and modification.
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Siegel, Nisan Naftali. "Two-photon absorption in cruciform and dipolar chromophores: excitonic interactions and response to metal ions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41127.

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Structure-property relationships for two-photon absorption (2PA) in branched organic chromophores is a topic of current interest, as is the design of chromophores with advantageous properties for two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM). The main goals of this dissertation were to study and explain the one-photon absorption (1PA) and 2PA properties of cruciform chromophores based on 1,4-distyryl-2,5-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene with varying electron donor (D) and acceptor (A) groups, and to characterize the 2PLSM-relevant response of some of these chromophores and a set of dipolar chromophores to binding with zinc ions. The compounds were studied by 1PA, fluorescence and 2PA spectroscopy. A ππ* exciton model was developed to explain the spectral properties of the 1,4-distyryl-2,5-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene cruciform with no D or A groups or with four identical D groups at the termini of the linear arms of the chromophore. This model indicated that there is some coupling and mixing of the lowest excited states e of the linear arms, leading to splitting of the 1PA spectrum of the cruciform. There was little coupling or mixing of the higher excited states e′ accessed in 2PA, leading to a two-band 2PA spectrum for the chromophore, in contrast to cruciform compounds in the literature with identical conjugated arms, which have one visible 2PA band. For cruciforms with D groups on the styryl arm and A character on the terminal phenyls of the phenylethynyl arms (D/A cruciforms), the ππ* exciton model was complemented with a charge-transfer (CT) exciton model describing interactions of charge-transfer pathways between the D and A groups. This model explained the broadness of the 1PA band of D/A cruciforms as well as the two 2PA bands observed for these chromophores. The fluorescence and 2PA spectral responses to binding of Zn²⁺ ions to the D or A groups of some cruciform compounds were also assessed, to provide insight into the design of new analyte-sensing cruciforms for 2PLSM that take advantage of enhancement or reduction of D/A character upon analyte binding. It was found that canceling charge donation from the D groups in differing D/A cruciforms resulted in fluorescence and 2PA spectra nearly indistinguishable from each other, suggesting that turn-off of D groups is not an optimal modality of 2PLSM analyte sensing in cruciforms. Binding Zn²⁺ to A groups was shown to result in an increase in the D/A character of the cruciform, with fluorescence peak energies that changed depending on the location of the A group. It is suggested that the use of non-binding donors and analyte-binding A groups in differing patterns on the arms could be a valuable design motif to achieve 2PLSM sensor compounds based on this cruciform structure. The 2PA spectra of a set of dipolar Zn²⁺ sensing dyes designed for ratiometric imaging in 2PLSM were also studied. These dyes had moderate 2PA strength, with redshifts of fluorescence 2PA spectra on Zn²⁺ binding. The isosbestic point of 2PA of most chromophores was within the range of 2PLSM excitation sources commonly used, rendering these dyes good candidates for use in ratiometric sensing in 2PLSM.
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Nicolaou, N. "Single and two-photon fluorescence studies of linear and non-linear optical chromophores." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444335/.

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The subject matter presented in this thesis concerns the structural and dynamic studies of new fluorescent probe molecules and the application of polarised fluorescence techniques and analysis to molecular motion, order and solvation in a highly ordered environment. Chapter 1 reviews recent group research providing a context to the work in this thesis, whilst Chapters 2 and 3 concern the study of fluorescent probe dynamics. Time resolved photoselection techniques were used to probe the order and full angular motion of Coumarin 6 and Coumarin 153 in the nematic and isotropic phases of the liquid crystal 5CB. The uptake of coumarin molecules into this host differs from previously studied (Xanthene) probes - in particular, Coumarin 6 is seen to adopt a disruptive position within the alkyl tails due to its size and hydrophobic nature this is discussed in Chapter 2. Furthermore, Coumarin 153 undergoes a substantial increase in dipole moment upon electronic excitation this led to a unique study of time dependent solvation dynamics in both a globally and locally structured environment. The presence of strong solvent- solute interactions necessitated the development of a new approach to the analysis of time resolved polarised fluorescence in ordered systems. This approach and the study of time dependent solvation dynamics in the isotropic and nematic phases of 5CB is presented in Chapter 3. Structural studies of new two-photon fluorescent probes in collaboration with CNRS Rennes and Los Alamos are described in the final two chapters. Large two-photon resonances in the green-visible were observed together with a fuller characterisation of those in the near IR. Polarised two-photon absorption and anisotropy measurements were used to examine the structure of the two-photon resonances. Finally, the stimulated emission depletion dynamics of a branched two-photon fluorophore were investigated and found to differ markedly from conventional (non-degenerate) fluorophores.
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Chammam, Marwa. "Carbo-chromophores di, quadri, octupolaires pour l'absorption à deux photons." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30236.

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Le manuscrit traite de la conception, la synthèse et l'étude des propriétés optiques d'absorption à un et deux photons d'une série de chromophores organiques à systèmes pi-conjugués étendus de la famille des carbo-mères, en s'appuyant sur des résultats préliminaires obtenus par l'équipe avec des carbo-benzènes quadripolaires à substituants fluorényles. Le phénomène d'absorption à deux photons (A2P) présentant une large gamme d'applications dans divers domaines tels que la photothérapie dynamique, le stockage de données, la microfabrication ou la limitation optique, il a fait l'objet de nombreuses études qui ont permis de définir des relations structure-propriétés (RSP) pour l'élaboration de systèmes efficaces, pour lesquelles des dérivés carbo-benzéniques répondent à plusieurs critères a priori. Le travail réalisé dans le cadre de cette thèse concerne essentiellement la synthèse et la caractérisation de carbo-benzènes dipolaires, quadripolaires et octupolaires fonctionnels. L'étude des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des cibles "carbo-chromophores" isolées, réalisée en collaboration avec Gabriel Ramos-Ortiz, CIO, Mexique, est également présentée. Le premier chapitre, bibliographique, est divisé en deux parties. La première présente l'état de l'art en optique non linéaire, en particulier du 3ème ordre pour l'absorption à deux photons (A2P). Les applications de l'A2P, les techniques de mesures de section efficace et les RSP pour la conception de chromophores efficaces y sont détaillées. La deuxième partie dresse un état de l'art sur les molécules carbo-mères en détaillant leur synthèse et leurs propriétés. Le deuxième chapitre décrit des résultats de préparation et d'étude de carbo-benzènes quadripolaires. Il est divisé en trois parties. La première décrit la préparation de carbo-benzènes à substituants trifluorotolyle ainsi que l'étude de leurs propriétés d'absorption à un photon, de solubilité, d'accepteur d'électrons (par voltammétrie) et d'auto-assemblage sur surface (par imagerie STM). La deuxième partie présente la synthèse et l'étude comparative des propriétés d'absorption à un et deux photons de bis-dialkylthiényléthynyl-carbo-benzènes et de leur molécule parente à cœur simplement benzénique, les propriétés optiques ayant été étudiées en collaboration avec Gabriel Ramos-Ortiz. La troisième partie envisage des chromophores à cœur dicétopyrrolopyrrole, un motif chromophore classique en A2P, en vue de la synthèse de dérivés à deux substituants carbo-benzéniques. Le troisième chapitre se concentre sur la mise au point d'une nouvelle voie de synthèse de carbo-benzènes octupolaires faisant intervenir une stratégie de macrocyclisation inédite de type [6+6+6], l'objectif restant l'étude des propriétés d'A2P des cibles. Trois carbo-benzènes, à trois substituants fluorényléthynyle ou dialkylthiényléthynyle ont ainsi été préparés et caractérisés. Le quatrième chapitre aborde le défi de la synthèse de carbo-benzènes dipolaires portant des substituants donneurs (de type 4-alkoxy- ou 4-amino-phényles) et accepteurs (de type 4-nitro ou 4-cyano-phényles) en positions para. Les différentes stratégies de synthèse envisagées et les résultats obtenus sont détaillés
The manuscript deals with the design, synthesis and study of optical properties of one- and two-photon absorption in a series of organic chromophores with extended pi-conjugated systems of the carbo-mers family, based on preliminary results obtained by the group for quadrupolar carbo-benzenes with fluorenyl substituents. The phenomenon of two-photon absorption (A2P) presenting a wide range of applications in various fields such as dynamic phototherapy, data storage, microfabrication or optical limitation, it has been the subject of numerous investigations which have allowed the establishment of structure-property relationships (SPRs) for the development of efficient systems, for which carbo-benzene derivatives meet several criteria a priori. Within the framework of this thesis, the work mainly concerns the synthesis and characterization of dipolar, quadrupolar and octupolar functional carbo-benzenes. The study of linear and non-linear optical properties of the isolated "carbo-chromophore" targets, performed in collaboration with Gabriel Ramos-Ortiz, CIO, Mexico, is also presented. The first chapter, bibliographical in nature, is divided into two parts. The first one presents the state of the art in nonlinear optics, in particular at the 3rd order for two photon absorption (A2P). The applications of A2P, techniques of cross-section measurement, and RSPs for the design of efficient chromophores are detailed. The second part provides a state of the art on carbo-meric molecules by giving an overview of their synthesis and properties. The second chapter describes results on the preparation and study of quadrupolar carbo- benzenes. It is divided into three parts. The first one describes the preparation of trifluorotolyl-substituted carbo-benzenes as well as the study of their properties of one-photon absorption, solubility, electro-chemical reductibility (by voltammetry) and self-assembly on surface (by STM imaging). The second part presents the synthesis and comparative study of one- and two-photon absorption properties of bis-dialkylthienylethynyl-carbo-benzenes and their parent molecule with a simple benzene core, the optical properties having been studied in collaboration with Gabriel Ramos-Ortiz. The third part envisages chromophores with a diketopyrrolopyrrole core, a classical chromophoric unit in A2P, aiming at the ultimate synthesis of derivatives with two carbo-benzene substituents. The third chapter focuses on the development of a new route for the synthesis of octupolar carbo-benzenes based on a novel macrocyclization strategy of the [6 + 6 + 6] type, the objective remaining to study of A2P properties of the targets. Three carbo-benzenes, with three fluorenylethynyl or dialkylthienylethynyl substituents were thus prepared and characterized. The fourth chapter addresses the challenge of the synthesis of dipolar carbo-benzenes carrying donor substituents (of 4-alkoxy- or 4-amino-phenyl type) and acceptor (of 4-nitro or 4-cyano-phenyl type) in para positions. The different synthesis strategies that have been envisaged and the obtained results are detailed
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Henriksson, Johan. "Light Control using Organometallic Chromophores." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Computational Physics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17232.

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The interaction between light and organometallic chromophores has been investigated theoretically in a strive for fast optical filters. The main emphasis is on two-photon absorption and excited state absorption as illustrated in the Jablonski diagram. We stress the need for relativistic calculations and have developed methods to address this issue. Furthermore, we present how quantum chemical calculations can be combined with Maxwell's equations in order to simulate propagation of laser pulses through a materials doped with chromophores with high two-photon absorption cross sections. Finally, we also discuss how fast agile filters using spin-transition materials can be modeled in order to accomplish theoretical material design.


Report code: LIU-TEK-LIC-2006:55. On the day of the defence date the status on article III was Manuscript, article IV was Accepted and article V was Submitted.
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Tafur, Sergio. "NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC CHROMOPHORES CALCULATED WITHIN TIME DEPENDENT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4079.

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Time Dependent Density Functional Theory offers a good accuracy/computational cost ratio among different methods used to predict the electronic structure for molecules of practical interest. The Coupled Electronic Oscillator (CEO) formalism was recently shown to accurately predict Nonlinear Optical (NLO) properties of organic chromophores when combined with Time Dependent Density Functional Theory. Unfortunately, CEO does not lend itself easily to interpretation of the structure activity relationships of chromophores. On the other hand, the Sum Over States formalism in combination with semiempirical wavefunction methods has been used in the past for the design of simplified essential states models. These models can be applied to optimization of NLO properties of interest for applications. Unfortunately, TD-DFT can not be combined directly with SOS because state-to-state transition dipoles are not defined in the linear response TD approach. In this work, a second order CEO approach to TD-DFT is simplified so that properties of double excited states and state-to-state transition dipoles may be expressed through the combination of linear response properties. This approach is termed the a posteriori Tamm-Dancoff approximation (ATDA), and validated against high-level wavefunction theory methods. Sum over States (SOS) and related Two-Photon Transition Matrix formalism are then used to predict Two-Photon Absorption (2PA) profiles and anisotropy, as well as Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) properties. Numerical results for several conjugated molecules are in excellent agreement with CEO and finite field calculations, and reproduce experimental measurements well.
M.S.
Department of Physics
Sciences
Physics MS
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Book chapters on the topic "Two-photon chromophores"

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Dore, Timothy M., and Hunter C. Wilson. "Chromophores for the Delivery of Bioactive Molecules with Two-Photon Excitation." In Neuromethods, 57–92. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-031-7_4.

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Kim, O. K., Z. Huang, E. Peterman, S. Kirkpatrick, and C. S. P. Sung. "Novel Two-Photon Absorbing Conjugated Oligomeric Chromophores: Property Modulation by π-Center." In ACS Symposium Series, 161–72. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2005-0888.ch012.

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Albota, Marius, David Beljonne, Jean-Luc Brédas, Jeffrey E. Ehrlich, Jia-Ying Fu, Ahmed A. Heikal, Samuel Hess, et al. "Theoretical Design of Organic Chromophores with Large Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections." In Multiphoton and Light Driven Multielectron Processes in Organics: New Phenomena, Materials and Applications, 53–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4056-0_5.

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Chitose, Youhei, and Manabu Abe. "Design and synthesis of two-photon responsive chromophores for application to uncaging reactions." In Photochemistry, 219–41. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788013598-00219.

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Strehmel, Bernd, and Veronika Strehmel. "Two-Photon Physical, Organic, and Polymer Chemistry: Theory, Techniques, Chromophore Design, and Applications." In Advances in Photochemistry, 111–354. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047003758x.ch3.

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Bartkowiak, Wojciech. "Solvatochromism and Two-Photon Absorption of Donor-Acceptor Organic Chromophores." In Recent Progress in Computational Sciences and Engineering (2 vols), 1241–44. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12066-116.

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Gundlach, Lars, Ralph Ernstorfer, Silke Felber, Rainer Eichberger, and Frank Willig. "Electron transfer from molecular chromophores to semiconductors probed with two-photon-photoemission." In Femtochemistry VII, 299–303. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-044452821-6/50043-5.

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Ishitobi, H., M. Maeda, Z. Sekkat, and S. Kawata. "Chapter 5 Two-photon isomerization and orientation of photochromic chromophores in polymeric thin films." In Nanophotonics - Integrating Photochemistry, Optics and Nano/Bio Materials Studies, Proceedings of the 1st International Nanophotonics Symposium Handai, 71–88. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1574-0641(04)80010-x.

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Poole, Robert K., and Uldis Kalnenieks. "Introduction to light absorption: visible and ultraviolet spectra." In Spectrophotometry and Spectrofluorimetry. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199638130.003.0005.

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Abstract:
Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation, usually a mixture of waves having different wavelengths. The wavelength of light, expressed by the symbol λ, is defined as the distance between two crests (or troughs) of a wave, measured in the direction of its progression. The unit used is the nanometre (nm, 10-9 m). Light that the human eye can sense is called visible light. Each colour that we perceive corresponds to a certain wavelength band in the 400-700 nm region. Spectrophotometry in its biochemical applications is generally concerned with the ultraviolet (UV, 185-400 nm), visible (400-700 nm) and infrared (700-15 000 nm) regions of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, the former two being most common in laboratory practice. The wavelength of light is inversely related to its energy (E), according to the equation: . . . E = ch/ λ . . . where c denotes the speed of light, and h is Planck’s constant. UV radiation, therefore, has greater energy than the visible, and visible radiation has greater energy than the infrared. Light of certain wavelengths can be selectively absorbed by a substance according to its molecular structure. Absorption of light energy occurs when the incident photon carries energy equal to the difference in energy between two allowed states of the valency electrons, the photon promoting the transition of an electron from the lower to the higher energy state. Thus biochemical spectrophotometry may be referred to as electronic absorption spectroscopy. The excited electrons afterwards lose energy by the process of heat radiation, and return to the initial ground state. An absorption spectrum is obtained by successively changing the wavelength of monochromatic light falling on the substance, and recording the change of light absorption. Spectra are presented by plotting the wavelengths (generally nm or μm) on the abscissa and the degree of absorption (transmittance or absorbance) on the ordinate. For more information on the theory of light absorption, see Brown (1) and Chapters 2, 3 and 4. The most widespread use of UV and visible spectroscopy in biochemistry is in the quantitative determination of absorbing species (chromophores), known as spectrophotometry.
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Conference papers on the topic "Two-photon chromophores"

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Rogers-Haley, Joy E., Jennifer L. Monahan, Douglas M. Krein, Jonathan E. Slagle, Daniel G. McLean, Thomas M. Cooper, and Augustine M. Urbas. "Development of novel two photon absorbing chromophores." In Photonic Devices + Applications, edited by Rachel Jakubiak. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.792362.

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Rogers, Joy E., Jonathan E. Slagle, Daniel G. McLean, Richard L. Sutherland, Douglas M. Krein, Thomas M. Cooper, Mark Brant, et al. "Development of novel two-photon absorbing chromophores." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by A. Todd Yeates, Kevin D. Belfield, and Francois Kajzar. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.682984.

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D'alfonso, Laura, Giuseppe Chirico, Maddalena Collini, Giancarlo Baldini, Alberto Diaspro, Paola Ramoino, Alessandro Abbotto, Luca Beverina, and Giorgio Pagani. "New Two-Photon Excitation Chromophores For Cellular Imaging." In European Conference on Biomedical Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ecbo.2003.5139_27.

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D'Alfonso, Laura, Giuseppe Chirico, Maddalena Collini, Giancarlo Baldini, Alberto Diaspro, Paola Ramoino, Alessandro Abbotto, Luca Beverina, and Giorgio A. Pagani. "New two-photon excitation chromophores for cellular imaging." In European Conference on Biomedical Optics 2003, edited by Tony Wilson. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.500637.

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Yu, Yizhong, Rui-Fang Shi, M. H. Wu, C. H. Grossman, and Anthony F. Garito. "Role of two-photon states in nonlinear optical dye chromophores." In OE/LASE '94, edited by Seth R. Marder and Joseph W. Perry. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.173813.

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Porres, Laurent, Olivier Mongin, Mireille H. Blanchard-Desce, Lionel Ventelon, Marguerite Barzoukas, Laurent Moreaux, Thomas Pons, and Jerome Mertz. "Molecular engineering of nanoscale quadrupolar chromophores for two-photon absorption." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Kevin D. Belfield, Stephen J. Caracci, Francois Kajzar, Christopher M. Lawson, and Alan T. Yeates. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.453476.

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Zheng, Lixin, and Alex K. Jen. "Two-dimensional two-photon absorbing chromophores and solvent effects on their cross-sections." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Kevin D. Belfield, Stephen J. Caracci, Francois Kajzar, Christopher M. Lawson, and Alan T. Yeates. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.453322.

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Sutherland, R. L., D. G. McLean, M. C. Brant, J. E. Rogers, P. A. Fleitz, and A. M. Urbas. "Combined nonlinear effects in two-photon absorption chromophores at high intensities." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by A. Todd Yeates, Kevin D. Belfield, and Francois Kajzar. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.679587.

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Rumi, Mariacristina, Stephanie J. K. Pond, Qing Zhang, Maximilienne Bishop, Yadong Zhang, Stephen Barlow, Seth R. Marder, and Joseph W. Perry. "Two-photon absorption in cross-shaped chromophores with phenylene-vinylene backbones." In Integrated Optoelectronic Devices 2008, edited by Robert L. Nelson, Francois Kajzar, and Toshikuni Kaino. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.761818.

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Xu, Jin, Feng Chu, Wei Huang, Chang Liu, Changgui Lu, Yiping Cui, Junxiang Zhang, Xiaokou Liu, and Long Lu. "Relations of two-photon absorption property and molecular structure in phenylenevinylene chromophores." In Photonics Asia 2007, edited by Yiping Cui, Qihuang Gong, and Yuen-Ron Shen. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.757594.

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