Relevant bibliographies by topics / Two-round voting

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Two-round voting'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Two-round voting"

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Hao, F., P. Y. A. Ryan, and P. Zieliński. "Anonymous voting by two-round public discussion." IET Information Security 4, no. 2 (2010): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ifs.2008.0127.

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Engstrom, Richard L. "Thernstrom v. Voting Rights Act: Round Two." Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy 9, no. 3 (September 2010): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/elj.2010.9304.

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Kiss, Áron. "Identifying strategic voting in two-round elections." Electoral Studies 40 (December 2015): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.08.002.

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Kamakura, Wagner Antonio. "Using Voter-choice Modeling to Plan Final Campaigns in Runoff Elections." Revista de Administração Contemporânea 20, no. 6 (December 2016): 753–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-7849rac2016160116.

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Abstract Even though runoff elections are the most common form of presidential elections in the world, voter-choice behavior in these two-round elections have not received the attention they deserve in the literature. Two-round elections provide political consultants and candidates with rich and factual data on voter preferences, revealed through the voting behavior observed in the first round, which can guide the planning and implementation of their final campaign. They also allow political analysts to apply their voter-choice models to actual voting behavior (rather than voting intentions) in a multi-party election during the first round, and validate their predictions in a two-party election in the final round. I use results from the four most recent Brazilian presidential elections to demonstrate how voter-choice models can be applied to guide political campaigns in runoff elections.
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Dolez, Bernard, Annie Laurent, and André Blais. "Strategic voting in the second round of a two-round system: The 2014 French municipal elections." French Politics 15, no. 1 (March 7, 2017): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41253-016-0010-9.

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Gherghina, Sergiu, and Mihail Chiru. "Voting after Watching: The Strategic Role of Election Polls." European Review 20, no. 2 (March 30, 2012): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798711000548.

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The November 2009 Romanian presidential elections illustrate the process through which media exposure to exit polls during the election day allows strategic voting in the least expected situations (i.e. in the first round of a two-ballot setting). Organized in a two-round system in which the first two competitors qualify for the second round, these elections display one unsolved dilemma. The difference registered in elections between the two challengers is twice as large as the average support in the pre-election polls (a comparable difference was never registered in post-communist Romania). Our quantitative analysis uses election results from the past two decades and aggregated poll data from 2009 and reveals that a large share of the Romanian electorate avoids wasting votes and casts them for candidates with real winning chances. This article argues that polls presented to the voters, by the media during the elections, made the difference. They were used as electoral strategies to trigger strategic voting and thus promote specific candidates.
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Van der Straeten, Karine, Jean-François Laslier, and André Blais. "Vote Au Pluriel: How People Vote When Offered to Vote Under Different Rules." PS: Political Science & Politics 46, no. 02 (March 28, 2013): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096513000036.

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AbstractThis article reports on an Internet-based quasi-experiment that took place during the French 2012 presidential election. We designed a website where French voters could vote under different voting rules. Based on the observation of more than 8,000 participants, we find that a substantial minority (10% to 15%) vote differently under the different systems, with 17% of the voters not voting for their preferred candidate in the one-round election, this percentage dropped to 12% in the alternative vote (first choice). Compared to the two-rounds election, at the aggregate level, the top two candidates get slightly more votes under one round, while the minor candidates obtain more first choices under the alternative vote. These findings are consistent with what the literature suggests about the impact of these voting systems on voters' choice.
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RICHTER, KASPAR. "Wage Arrears and Economic Voting in Russia." American Political Science Review 100, no. 1 (February 2006): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055406062058.

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This paper revisits the issue of economic voting in the context of the 1996 Presidential Election in Russia. The election was branded as a fundamental choice between capitalism and communism, yet voters were also grappling with a large crisis of personal finances: about one in two workers experienced nonpayments of wages at the time of the elections. The analysis exploits a rich nationally representative household panel dataset to identify the impact of wage arrears on the second-round election outcome. Wage arrears reduced the vote for the incumbent President Yeltsin among workers from around 65% to 49%, which amounts to a drop of 4% in the Yeltsin vote in the second round. Support for Yeltsin vote declined with the amount of wage arrears at the time of the vote and with wage arrears in 1995. Wage arrears led more voters to believe the government to be noncaring and to favor income restrictions for the rich. Political attitudes of working men changed more than those of working women.
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Bouton, Laurent. "A Theory of Strategic Voting in Runoff Elections." American Economic Review 103, no. 4 (June 1, 2013): 1248–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.4.1248.

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This paper analyzes the properties of runoff electoral systems when voters are strategic. A model of three-candidate runoff elections is presented, and two new features are included: the risk of upset victory in the second round is endogenous, and many types of runoff systems are considered. Three main results emerge. First, runoff elections produce equilibria in which only two candidates receive a positive fraction of the votes. Second, a sincere voting equilibrium does not always exist. Finally, runoff systems with a threshold below 50 percent produce an Ortega effect that may lead to the systematic victory of the Condorcet loser. (JEL C72, D72)
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Abadeer, Caroline, Alexandra Domike Blackman, and Scott Williamson. "Voting in Transition: Participation and Alienation in Egypt’s 2012 Presidential Election." Middle East Law and Governance 10, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 25–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-01001001.

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How does voter turnout change as countries transition to democracy? Using district-level data from Egypt’s 2012 presidential election, we show that turnout was higher in more educated and urban districts—a stark reversal from voting patterns under the authoritarian Mubarak regime, when less educated and poorer areas were more likely to participate. However, this pattern weakened in the second round of the 2012 election, when the choice was restricted to two candidates who reflected Egypt’s primary pre-revolution political divide. Urban and educated districts experienced a decline in turnout and a rise in protest voting during the second round relative to the first, suggesting that key political groups were alienated from the electoral process. These results indicate that who participates in elections can shift quickly as institutions change, but this is conditional on the choice of candidates available to voters.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Two-round voting"

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Esmaeilpour, Fadakar Shahin. "Majority-Preferential Two-Round Electoral Formula: A Balanced Value-Driven Model for Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31025.

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This research is an enquiry to find an electoral formula that conforms to Canadian constitutional values. Three core values that are pertinent to the issue of electoral systems are identified: democracy, diversity, and efficiency. Each of these core values is divided into different aspects. These aspects will form the backbone of the evaluation of different electoral systems in this work. I will begin with an evaluation of the plurality model of elections, which is currently used in Canada. I will demonstrate that many of the attributes of the current system are not in tune with Canadian constitutional values, in particular with the progressive interpretation that the Supreme Court of Canada has given to the right to vote as enshrined in Section 3 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Although the interpretation of the right to vote will be the main thrust of the constitutional scrutiny in this work, attention will also be given to other pertinent rights such as equality rights, minority rights, and the freedom of expression. Next, I will examine provincial electoral reform initiatives that were initiated in five Canadian provinces. All of these initiatives - three of which were put to referenda and eventually defeated - proposed adopting a variant of proportional representation. Accordingly, I will evaluate proportional systems according to the intended values. I will conclude that these systems have problems of their own and they also cannot strike a fine balance between competing values. In the final stage, I will make a new proposal for elections to the Canadian Parliament. First, I will demonstrate that majority systems are better candidates to attain the envisioned values. Then I will introduce a new variant of the majority model, which I call a majority-preferential two-round variant. I will demonstrate that this new variant will outperform the other variants in the attainment of values if adopted for elections to the House of Commons. Finally, I will argue that the combination of a House of Commons elected through the majority-preferential formula and a proportionally elected Senate will result in a more balanced approach to the relevant constitutional values.
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Šurda, Malcová Karolína. "Analýza voleb a volebního chování do Senátu Parlamentu České republiky." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326703.

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The objective of the Ph.D. thesis "Analysis of the Elections and Electoral Behaviour to the Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic" is an analysis of Senate elections on a micro- level of districts in regular terms from 1996 to 2012, including by-elections. Data file comprises a total of 2153 candidates and their election results at the municipal level aggregated to five defined categories by number of registered voters. Analysis is mainly focused on the differences in electoral support for candidates in municipalities up to 999 voters, in municipalities between 1000 and 4999 voters, in municipalities between 5000 to 9999 voters, in municipalities over 10 000 voters and finally in districts covering territory of the four largest cities in the Czech Republic (the Capital City of Prague and cities Brno, Ostrava and Pilsen). In the theoretical part, the Ph.D. thesis presents the Senat as the second house of Parliament of the Czech Republic and deals with the majority run-off system. A quantitative research of Senate elections is performed in the analytical part, where electoral success of candidates conditioned by their political parties, socio-economic and political circumstances in districts and individual profile of candidates is examined. The analysis describes differences among...
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Book chapters on the topic "Two-round voting"

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Benjamin, Arthur, Gary Chartrand, and Ping Zhang. "Orienting Graphs." In The Fascinating World of Graph Theory. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691175638.003.0009.

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This chapter focuses on oriented graphs and their use to represent a sports tournament where assigning a direction to an edge represents the defeat of one team by another. It first considers the 1941 book What Is Mathematics?, co-authored by Herbert Ellis Robbins and Richard Courant, before discussing Robbins's Theorem in terms of graph theory. According to Robbins's theorem, it is possible to repair any one street and still be able to travel between any two points in the city discussed by Robbins if and only if it is possible to convert all streets of the city to one-way streets and travel (legally) between any two points. The chapter also examines the best known class of oriented graphs, the orientations of complete graphs, and their application to round robin tournaments. Finally, it describes the King Chicken Theorem and how various voting techniques can result in often surprising outcomes.
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Edwards, George C. "Preserving the Party System." In Why the Electoral College Is Bad for America, 186–204. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300243888.003.0008.

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This chapter concerns the preservation of the party system as another argument in favor of electoral colleges. This argument asserts that the direct election of the president would fragment and polarize the party system and lead to corrupt deals among political leaders. At the core of the argument is the assumption by most critics of direct election that it would require a runoff between the two candidates receiving the most votes if no candidate receives, say, 40 percent of the vote in the first round of voting. Based on this assumption, advocates of the electoral college allege a number of ills that would befall the party system under direct election of the president. Given this argument, the chapter asks if a runoff would fragment the party system and, more importantly, if a runoff is needed to elect the president directly. Furthermore, the chapter considers how direct election could adversely affect the party system should there be no runoff and what role, if any, the electoral college plays in maintaining it.
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Drutman, Lee. "Designing the Save American Democracy Act." In Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop, 175–205. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913854.003.0009.

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This chapter explores the specifics of a new voting system: ranked-choice voting, with multi-member districts for the US House. As the name suggests, ranked-choice voting lets voters rank their choices. The votes are then tallied as follows: If one candidate has an outright majority of first-place votes, that candidate wins. However, if no candidate has a majority in the first round, second-choice preferences come into play. The candidate with the fewest number of first-choice votes is eliminated, and voters who had ranked that candidate first have their votes transferred to the candidate they ranked second. This continues until a single candidate gathers a majority, with subsequent preferences transferring as candidates get eliminated from the bottom up. Ranked-choice voting, especially multi-winner ranked-choice voting, is the best way to balance voter choice, stronger parties, and encourage moderation. Moreover, a bigger U.S. House would improve American democracy and support more multiparty democracy.
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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Two-round voting' for particular source types:
Journal articles
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