Relevant bibliographies by topics / Two-stroke engines

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Two-stroke engines'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Two-stroke engines"

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Shokrollahihassanbarough, Farzad, Ali Alqahtani, and Mirosław Wyszynski. "Thermodynamic simulation comparison of opposed two-stroke and conventional four-stroke engines." Combustion Engines 162, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116867.

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Today’s technology leveraging allows OP2S (Opposed Piston 2-Stroke) engine to be considered as an alternative for the conventional four-stroke (4S) engines as mechanical drive in various applications, mainly in transportation. In general, OP2S engines are suited to compete with conventional 4-stroke engines where power-to-weight ratio, power-to-bulk volume ratio and fuel efficiency are requirements. This paper does present a brief advent, as well as the renaissance of OP2S engines and the novel technologies which have been used in the new approach. Also precise thermodynamic benefits have been considered, to demonstrate the fundamental efficiency advantage of OP2S engines. Hence, simulations of two different engine configurations have been taken into consideration: a one-cylinder opposed piston engine and two-cylinder conventional piston four-stroke engine. In pursuance of fulfilling this goal, the engines have been simulated in AVL Boost™ platform which is one of the most accurate Virtual Engine Tools, to predict engine performance such as combustion optimization, emission and fuel consumption. To minimize the potential differences of friction losses, the bore and stroke per cylinder are taken as constant. The closed-cycle performance of the engine configurations is compared using a custom analysis tool that allows the sources of thermal efficiency differences to be identified and quantified. As a result, brake thermal efficiency, power and torque of OP2S engine have been improved compared to conventional engines while emission concern has been alleviated.
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MITIANIEC, Władyslaw, and Konrad BUCZEK. "Modification of four-stroke engine for operation in two-stroke cycle for automotive application." Combustion Engines 162, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116860.

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The main disadvantages of two-stroke engines such a big fuel consumption and big emission of hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide can be reduced by new proposal of design of two stroke engine based on four stroke engines. The paper describes the operation of high supercharged spark ignition overhead poppet valve two-stroke engine, which enables to achieve higher total efficiency and exhaust gas emission comparable to four-stroke engines. The work of such engines is possible by proper choice of valve timings, geometrical parameters of inlet and outlet ducts and charge pressure. The engine has to be equipped with direct fuel injection system enabling lower emission of pollutants. The work is based on theoretical considerations and engine parameters are determined on the simulation process by use GT-Power program and CFD program for different engine configurations. The initial results included in the paper show influence of valve timing on engine work parameters and predicted exhaust gas emission. The simulation results show that the nitrogen oxides are considerably reduced in comparison to four-stroke engines because of higher internal exhaust gas recirculation. The innovation of this proposal is applying of variable valve timing with turbocharging system in the two-stroke engine and obtaining a significant downsizing effect. The conclusions shows the possibilities of applying two-stroke poppet valve engine as a power unit for transportation means with higher total efficiency than traditional engines with possible change of engine operation in two modes: two- and four stroke cycles. The main disadvantages of two-stroke engines such a big fuel consumption and big emission of hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide can be reduced by new proposal of design of two stroke engine based on four stroke engines. The paper describes the operation of high supercharged spark ignition overhead poppet valve two-stroke engine, which enables to achieve higher total efficiency and exhaust gas emission comparable to four-stroke engines. The work of such engines is possible by proper choice of valve timings, geometrical parameters of inlet and outlet ducts and charge pressure. The engine has to be equipped with direct fuel injection system enabling lower emission of pollutants. The work is based on theoretical considerations and engine parameters are determined on the simulation process by use GT-Power program and CFD program for different engine configurations. The initial results included in the paper show influence of valve timing on engine work parameters and predicted exhaust gas emission. The simulation results show that the nitrogen oxides are considerably reduced in comparison to four-stroke engines because of higher internal exhaust gas recirculation. The innovation of this proposal is applying of variable valve timing with turbocharging system in the two-stroke engine and obtaining a significant downsizing effect. The conclusions shows the possibilities of applying two-stroke poppet valve engine as a power unit for transportation means with higher total efficiency than traditional engines with possible change of engine operation in two modes: two- and four stroke cycles.
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Ivanov, A. B., D. A. Man’shev, and S. A. Kriushin. "Two-stroke gasoline engine lubricants." World of petroleum products 1 (2022): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32758/2782-3040-2022-0-1-48-58.

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The article considers the design and lubrication of small 2-stroke engines installed on snowmobiles, quad bikes, motorcycles and drones. The compositions of the 2-stroke engine oils, base oils and additives, actual specification JASO, NMMA, API, TISI and ISO are analysed. Concern the short characteristics of JASO engine test methods.
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Kenny, R. G. "Developments in Two-Stroke Cycle Engine Exhaust Emissions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 206, no. 2 (April 1992): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_165_02.

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This paper is concerned with the exhaust emissions from two-stroke cycle spark ignition engines and the means being investigated to reduce them. The simple two-stroke engine has inherently low levels of NOx emissions and high levels of hydrocarbon emissions. The reasons for these emissions characteristics are explained by reference to the open literature. The two-stroke engine is used in a wide range of applications including low-cost, low-output mopeds and high-performance motorcycles. More recently there has been a resurgence of interest in the two-stroke as an alternative to the four-stroke engine for automotive use. A number of the recently reported approaches to emissions control are reviewed, including the use of exhaust oxidation catalysts in simple low-cost engines and direct fuel injection on more costly, multi-cylinder engines.
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Ramakrishnan, V., R. Thamilarasan, and K. Purushothaman. "Performance Evaluation of EGR in Two Stroke I.C. Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 812 (November 2015): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.812.60.

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Petrol engines are known for their simplicity, low cost and maintenance. However nowadays use of two stroke petrol engines are fading away from the market. An attempt has been made here to revive the use of these old engines by using Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) to improve performances.Short circuiting of fresh charge is an important contributing factor for reduction in performance in two stroke engines. Our project is aimed to reduce short circuiting of fresh charge by admitting cooled exhaust gas to pass through reed valves fitted at the upper end of the transfer passage, in a crank case scavenged two stroke engine. Reed valves were provided at the upper end of the transfer passage using a flange arrangement. Exhaust gas temperature at around 4000 was cooled using a heat exchanger to avoid pre-ignition inside the engine cylinder. The performance of the engine is tested using eddy current dynamometer. The study indicates an appreciable decrease in specific fuel consumption and in HC/CO emissions in a crank case scavenged two stroke engine.
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Markov, V. A., F. B. Barchenko, E. A. Savastenko, A. A. Savastenko, Sh R. Lotfullin, and V. A. Neverov. "Forcing a Four-Stroke Engine by Switching it to a Two-Stroke Cycle at Low-Speed Modes." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 2 (743) (February 2022): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2022-2-38-52.

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Improving the dynamic qualities of internal combustion engines and the throttle response of vehicles equipped with them is an urgent problem in engine building. To solve it, we suggest switching a four-stroke engine to a two-stroke cycle at low-speed modes. Within the study, we found that the worst indicators of fuel efficiency of two-stroke engines are partially compensated by the best indicators of their power density. We took a close look at the switching of the 2 / 4SIGHT gasoline engine of the British company Ricardo from a four-stroke cycle to a two-stroke cycle. To implement the switching, we used a two-stage intercooled supercharging and a gas distribution valve switching system. The method proved to be applicable to diesel engines as well. Hence, we studied a diesel engine D-245 (4 CHN 11.0 / 12.5) mounted on a tracked vehicle. At a speed of 1600… 2400 min – 1, such a diesel engine operates in a four-stroke cycle, at lower speeds it operates in a two-stroke cycle. Finally, we did computational studies of the working process of this diesel engine. The study showed the expediency of switching the engine to a two-stroke cycle at low-speed modes.
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Li, Yaozong, Han Wu, Yanli Liu, Lu Zhang, Yongping Qiang, Wei Liu, Jinlong Liu, Honglin Bai, Caifeng Hao, and Yang Li. "Study on Engine Performance and Combustion System Optimization of a Poppet-Valve Two-Stroke Diesel Engine." Energies 15, no. 10 (May 18, 2022): 3685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103685.

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Two-stroke engines have higher power density than traditional four-stroke engines, and therefore are suitable for engine downsizing. In this work, a four-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine is modified for two-stroke operation, and the combustion system is designed and optimized using a 3D simulation. Three different combustion chamber profiles and injection spray angles are compared to determine an optimized combustion system. The engine test results show that the two-stroke engine equipped with the newly designed combustion system is able to achieve the same effective power output at a much lower speed than the original four-stroke engine, as well as obtain a better indicated thermal efficiency. This indicates that the poppet-valve two-stroke engine could be an effective technical approach for engine downsizing.
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Giernalczyk, Mariusz. "Analysis of the Possibility of Using Low Speed Two-Stroke Dual-Fuel Engines for Propulsion of Sea-Going Vessels." Journal of KONES 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0031.

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Abstract The use of gas/LNG to supply marine engines in addition to tangible economic benefits is also a method of limiting emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere and meeting strict environmental protection regulations, especially in special areas. The technology of supplying liquid and gas fuels (Dual Fuel) is most easily used in four-stroke engines but the highest thermal efficiency is ensured by combustion two-stroke piston engines. However, in the first two-stroke dual-fuel engines, the gas supply installation was more complicated than in the four-stroke engine. It resulted, among others from the necessity of compressing the gas to high pressures (15÷30 MPa), for which extremely energy-consuming multi-stage compression systems were needed. The complicated technical system is inherently prone to failures, which is why the dual-fuel low-speed two-stroke diesel engines remained for a long period in the design and experimental phase. In recent years, there has been a significant breakthrough thanks to the introduction of new solutions with the possibility of supplying two-stroke engines with low-pressure gas (less than 1.6 MPa). In recent years, many ships powered by two-stroke, dual-fuel internal combustion engines were commissioned. Some ship-owners owning a fleet of LNG carriers with two-stroke diesel engines that so far have been powered only by liquid fuels have decided to adapt them to gas combustion. This required the adaptation of the engine for gas combustion and the expansion of the supply gas fuel system. This paper is an attempt to analyse the legitimacy of introducing two-stroke, dual-fuel internal combustion engines into the propulsion system and adaptation of engines that are already used to burn gas in them. It presents the changes introduced on one of the LNG gas carriers consisting in adapting the engine to gas combustion through modification of the cylinder head and fuel supply installation. Parameter results of the modified engines obtained during sea trials have been presented. Both advantages and disadvantages resulting from gas combustion have been pointed out. Finally, the possibility of this solution application to other LNG carriers was assessed.
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Haddad, S. D. "Piston Motion and Thermal Loading Analyses of Two-Stroke and Four-Stroke Cycle Engines for Locomotives." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 536–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240288.

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Two-stroke cycle and four-stroke cycle diesel engines are in use in rail traction, with the four-stroke cycle design dominating the field. Cycle simulations using computer programs have shown that the conventional two-stroke cycle is somewhat inferior to its four-stroke cycle counterpart in combustion efficiency and thermal loading. Research at Sulzer concluded that the conventional two-stroke cycle engine is not very suitable for locomotive application. A survey by Ricardos, based on an investigation of engines in current production for traction application, suggested that there are potentials in two-stroke cycle design. This paper presents a summary of the results of a research project concerned with comparison of two well-proven typical locomotive diesel engines, one with a two-stroke cycle and the other with a four-stroke cycle. Performance, mechanical loading, thermal loading, and vibration were chosen as parameters to be investigated to provide information on the status of the two cycles in relation to power range, fuel consumption, reliability, and durability, with a view to assisting the users of locomotive engines to make the correct choice.
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Sapate, Kumar D., and A. N. Tikekar. "Mechanical Modifications to Convert Small Two Strokes Carbureted Engine to Electronic Fuel Injection System Engine to Reduce Emission and Fuel Consumption." Advanced Materials Research 768 (September 2013): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.213.

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The evolution of four stroke engines and improved environmental pollution control norms has pushed the two-stroke engines towards obsolescence due to their inherent design problems. This has made the existing manufacturers & users of two-stroke engines a setback. In this paper attempt has been made to high light the performance parameters in respect of fuel efficiency and emission control. In this research work an effort is made to retrofit the commonly used two stroke engine for optimal performance by using EFI engine. It mainly includes injector locations with reference to spark plug which decides the combustion efficiency of engine. It also includes the location of different sensors and subsequent modification of silencer. As the automobile engine has to operate at higher speeds, proper and firm mounting of different electronic part is essential which affects the performance of engine. After mechanical modification of engine with EFI system it is tested by connecting it to dynamometer. The results are compared with that of carbureted engine.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Two-stroke engines"

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Nandkumar, Subhash. "Two-stroke linear engine." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1998. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=153.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1998.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 82 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).
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Reid, Michael George Oliver. "Combustion modelling for two-stroke cycle engines." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333848.

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Houdyschell, David. "A diesel two-stroke linear engine." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1312.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 64 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-43).
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McKinley, Nigel Robert. "Two-stroke engine in-cylinder flow structures." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241416.

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Creaven, John Peter. "Modelling and evaluation of two-stroke engine scavenging." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266700.

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Raghunathan, Bharat Damodar. "Two-stroke engine in-cylinder and duct flows." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318779.

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Doherty, Kieran Patrick Joseph. "An investigation of a two-stroke crosshead biogas engine." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241389.

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Fitzsimons, James Brian. "An investigation of the influence of the bore/stroke ratio in a two-stroke cycle engine." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264008.

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Disseau, Mael Leo David Soliman. "Development and investigation of a small, high aspect ratio, two-stroke engine." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12485.

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Carson, Christopher Edward. "An investigation of stratified charging of two-stroke engines." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241331.

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Books on the topic "Two-stroke engines"

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Bacon, Roy H. Two-stroke engines. London: Osprey, 1989.

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Nuti, Marco. Emissions From Two-Stroke Engines. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/r-223.

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Emissions from two-stroke engines. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1998.

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Nuti, Marco. Emissions from two-stroke engines. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1998.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, ed. The potential of small loop-scavenged spark-ignition, single-cylinder, two stroke engines. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1991.

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Two-stroke tuner's handbook. Tucson, AZ: HP Books, 1986.

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Dixon, John C. The high-performance two-stroke engine. Sparkford: Haynes, 2005.

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Two-stroke engine repair & maintenance. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

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Litke, Benedykt. Badania układów wymiany ładunku silników dwusuwowych o przepłukaniu wzdłużnym metodą modelowania cieczowego. Szczecin: Wydawn. Uczelniane Politechniki Szczecińskiej, 1995.

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P, Blair Gordon. The basic design of two-stroke engines. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Two-stroke engines"

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Stone, Richard. "Two-stroke engines." In Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines, 257–73. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-02829-7_8.

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Stone, Richard. "Two-stroke engines." In Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines, 320–44. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14916-2_7.

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Stone, Richard. "Two-Stroke Engines." In Solutions Manual for Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines, 125–27. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15079-3_7.

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Stone, Richard. "Two-stroke Engines." In Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines, 274–99. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22147-9_7.

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Bilousov, Ievgen, Mykola Bulgakov, and Volodymyr Savchuk. "Two-Stroke Ship Low-Speed Crosshead Engines." In Modern Marine Internal Combustion Engines, 187–371. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49749-1_3.

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Bilousov, Ievgen, Mykola Bulgakov, and Volodymyr Savchuk. "Gas-Diesel Two-Stroke Ship Low-Speed Engines." In Modern Marine Internal Combustion Engines, 373–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49749-1_4.

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Fansler, Todd D., and Michael C. Drake. "Flow, Mixture Preparation and Combustion in Direct-Injection Two-Stroke Gasoline Engines." In Flow and Combustion in Reciprocating Engines, 67–136. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68901-0_2.

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Kölmel, Armin, T. Gegg, S. Meyer, A. Trattner, Stephan Schmidt, R. Kirchberger, and H. Eichlseder. "Potential of fuel injection in two-stroke engines for hand-held power tools." In Proceedings, 971–86. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05130-3_69.

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Verhoeve, M., and J. J. Seppen. "Sisca: A Simulation Model of the Uniflow Scavenging Process of Two-Stroke Diesel Engines." In Lecture Notes in Engineering, 45–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82781-5_3.

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Meyer, Stephan, Armin Kölmel, Tim Gegg, Alexander Trattner, Helmut Grassberger, Oliver Schögl, Stephan Schmidt, Roland Kirchberger, and Helmut Eichlseder. "Advantages and challenges of lean operation of two-stroke engines for hand-held power tools." In Proceedings, 247–61. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-08844-6_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Two-stroke engines"

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Santino, D., P. Picini, and L. Martino. "Particulate matter emissions from two-stroke mopeds." In 2001 Internal Combustion Engines. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-24-0068.

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Blundell, David W., and Malcolm H. Sandford. "TWO Stroke Engines - The Lotus Approach." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/920779.

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Suzuki, Atsuo, Yoshiyuki Goto, and Makoto Kawai. "Development of Catalysts for Two-Stroke Engines." In Small Engine Technology Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-3281.

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Merker, G. P., and M. Gerstle. "Evaluation on Two Stroke Engines Scavenging Models." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/970358.

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Muñoz, M., A. N. Bethencourt, and J. R. Salazar-Simpson. "Two-Stroke Engines-Models for Charge Renovation." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/850084.

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Sanborn, Daniel S., and Nabi Dedeoglu. "Investigations on Scavenging of Two-Stroke Engines." In 1988 SAE International Off-Highway and Powerplant Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/881264.

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Gentili, R., S. Frigo, S. Zanforlin, and F. Cozzolino. "Two-Stroke GDI: Improvement of Engine Behaviour at Light Loads." In 2001 Internal Combustion Engines. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-24-0056.

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Prigent, Michel, Franck Castagna, and Daniel Durand. "Exhaust Catalyst Selection for Small Two-Stroke Engines." In Small Engine Technology Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/951765.

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Franco, A., L. Martorano, C. Stan, and H. Eichert. "Development of Two Stroke Engines With Direct Injection." In Small Engine Technology Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/951776.

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Ioannou, Marios, Nikolaos P. Kyrtatos, David Larsson, and Stefan Mayer. "Fast Emission Measurements in the Exhaust Port of Large Two-Stroke Engines." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2012-81060.

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Ultra-fast emission measurements can provide important information about the combustion system of an engine, especially during its development phase. The ability to measure NOx as soon as it exits the cylinder provides an insight to engine designers and combustion engineers about the in-cylinder process with regards to formation of NOx emissions. There are mainly two areas where such information can be used. First, the fast measurements can be used for the tuning of CFD models that are used during the development phase of an engine. Secondly, such a method could be useful in the first phases of engine testing during the development of the combustion system where engine tuning could lead to an overall superior compromise between an engine’s fuel economy and emission behaviour. The current research work investigated the potential of performing ultra-fast emission measurements in the exhaust port, immediately downstream of the exhaust valve, of a specified engine cylinder of a two-stroke large engine. A methodology was therefore developed and tested, by which emission measurements with fast temporal response can be conducted for individual engine cylinders. More specifically, an ultra-fast NOx measurement sampling probe was designed and developed to be applied mainly to 2-stroke engines, with the flexibility to also be applicable to 4-stroke engines. The development of the sampling system was done by initially performing NO measurements on the 4-stroke MAN L16/24 research engine, installed at the test bed of the Laboratory of Marine Engineering (LME), at the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA). Once developed, the final fast sampling system was then used for measurements of NO at the exhaust port of the 2-stroke MAN 4T50ME-X engine, at the MAN Diesel & Turbo test-centre in Copenhagen. The employed NO emissions measurement method provided the results on a cycle-by-cycle basis, and also as phase averaged values. The extremely fast response time of the instrument captured important details of the NO concentration in the exhaust gases, as soon as they exit the cylinder.
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Reports on the topic "Two-stroke engines"

1

Lorenz, Nathan, Tim Bauer, and Bryan Willson. Design of a Direct Injection Retrofit Kit for Small Two-Stroke Engines. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0095.

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2

Geyer, Klaus, Christine Hallé, and Heiko Roßkamp. Fast Response Measurement of Combustion Air to Fuel Ratio for Stratified Two-Stroke Engines. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0109.

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3

Hilbert, David. High Ethanol Fuel Endurance: A Study of the Effects of Running Gasoline with 15% Ethanol Concentration in Current Production Outboard Four-Stroke Engines and Conventional Two-Stroke Outboard Marine Engines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1028047.

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4

Svarcas, Laimute R., and Michael S. Brenner. New Power Valve Additive Technology Suitable for Two-Stroke Engines Containing Power Valves or Exhaust Port Modifiers. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0096.

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5

Hampe, Clemens, Markus Bertsch, Kai W. Beck, Ulrich Spicher, Steffen Bohne, and Georg Rixecker. Influence of High Frequency Ignition on the Combustion and Emission Behaviour of Small Two-Stroke Spark Ignition Engines. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-32-9144.

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6

Abis, A., C. Schwab, R. Kirchberger, and H. Eichlseder. An Innovative Two-Stroke Twin-Cylinder Engine Layout for Range Extending Application. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-32-9133.

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7

Bergman, M., N. Enander, and M. Lawenius. CFD Scavenging Simulation and Verification of a Sequentially Stratified Charged Two-Stroke Engine. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-32-9079.

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8

Stuecke, Peter, Christoph Egbers, and Werner Geyer. A Two-Stroke Chain Saw Engine to Fulfil Current Tier II Emission Levels. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0101.

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9

Paul, Ciju, Pradeep V, and A. Ramesh. Air Assisted Direct Cylinder Barrel Injection of Gasoline in a Two - Stroke S.I Engine. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-32-0113.

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10

Kobayashi, Buhei, Toshiharu Sawada, Ryoji Zama, Nobuo Ogura, and Shinich Wada. Investigation of port design for small air-head stratified scavenging two-stroke cycle engine. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0012.

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