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Kriyantono, Rachmat, Abdul Allam Amrullah, and Nia Asthon Destrity. "The Model of Public Relations Practices in Indonesia." GATR Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol.5(3) Jul-Sep 2017 5, no. 3 (July 10, 2017): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2017.5.3(22).
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Objective - This research aims to compare the government public relations with business public relations in Indonesia. The research proves the hypothesis that either government or business public relations in Indonesia have already applied symmetric model on their communication activities. Methodology/Technique - A national survey involves 160 practitioners of government and business public relations. The research reinforces Grunig and Hunt's model of public relations that business public relations tends practice two-way symmetrical communication. On the other hands, the research also differs with Grunig and Hunt's model that government public relations tend to apply public information model. Findings - It is concluded that both government and business public relations in Indonesia have implemented two-way communication models. The findings have confirmed that public relations practices have grown along with the development of democracy in Indonesia. Novelty - The research contributes to develop scientific knowledge in public relations study and practices. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Business Public Relations; Democracy; Government Public Relations; Indonesia; Public Relations Model; Symmetric Model; Transparency of Public Information. JEL Classification: H11, H83.
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Guiniven, John E. "Dealing with activism in Canada: an ideal cultural fit for the two-way symmetrical public relations model." Public Relations Review 28, no. 4 (October 2002): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0363-8111(02)00162-5.
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Hoffmann, Christian Pieter, and Lea Aeschlimann. "Shielding or engaging: the use of online shareholder platforms in investor relations." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 22, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccij-05-2016-0037.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze antecedents of listed corporations’ propensity to adopt online shareholder platforms. It differentiates two strategic investor relations (IR) frames, shielding and engaging, and explores their effect on ICT adoption. Design/methodology/approach Findings are based on a survey of 82 corporations listed on the Swiss, German and Austrian stock exchanges. The authors apply multiple linear regression analysis to test a multi-faceted adoption model. Findings The authors find that resource constraints, familiarity with online media and efficiency considerations drive listed corporations’ willingness to adopt online shareholder platforms. Beyond these operational antecedents, strategic considerations significantly affect adoption: IR functions geared toward shareholder engagement are more likely to apply interactive platforms, while IR departments geared toward shielding the corporation from shareholder interventions will be less attracted to the participatory affordances of online media. Research limitations/implications This study is limited in scope to corporations listed on the Swiss, German and Austrian stock exchanges and cannot account for antecedents distinct to other regulatory environments. Practical implications IR functions need to carefully develop and apply communication strategies, which in turn will inform ICT adoption. The authors find that IR departments geared toward a two-way symmetrical communication model are more attracted to the participatory affordances of online platforms. Thereby, they are more likely to innovate by employing current digital applications. Originality/value This study contributes to research on the benefits of digital media to two-way symmetrical and dialogic corporate communications. It is the first study to explore these relationships in the context of IR. It further contributes to research on the strategic role of IR by developing and applying two distinct strategic frames to the subject of ICT adoption in IR.
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Stojanović, Edit Terek, Marko Vlahović, Milan Nikolić, Siniša Mitić, and Zoran Jovanović. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND PUBLIC RELATIONS IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 21, no. 6 (October 1, 2020): 1628–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.13377.
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The study presents the results of the impact of organizational culture on public relations in business organizations. The data were obtained from a survey of 415 respondents from 93 companies in Serbia. The following statistical methods were used: descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Some of the most important conclusions of the research follow: In most cases, the organizational culture dimensions have a statistically significant and positive influence on the communication models of public relations (CMPR) dimensions and the organization – public relations (OPR) dimensions; A favorable organizational culture (represented through the favorable values of the organizational culture dimensions) has a positive impact on two-way models of communication, especially the symmetrical model, as well as on most of the OPR dimensions. On the other hand, an unfavorable organizational culture encourages one-way communication and the organization’s orientation solely for its own benefit; The Power Distance dimension acts in contrast to the other dimensions of organizational culture: high power distance impedes two-way communication and promotes the utility of the company, all of which causes public distrust and dissatisfaction.
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Indrayani, Heni. "Etika Advokasi Public Relations dalam Manajemen Krisis Reputasi." Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 5, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.5.1.68-77.
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AbstractIn handling the crisis company, Public Relations Proffesionals is required to balance the interests of companies and term of public interests. Public Relations Proffesionals often perform persuasion what course for sake of good company reputation. Here, ethics advocacy present into solutions dilematik between defending the interests of company and the public interests. In communicating to the public, Public Relations Proffesionals rests on a truth value, honesty, social responsibility, openness, loyalty, fair thinking, respect, integrity and communication frankly. The models of ethics in overcoming the crisis include Attorney Adversary Model, Two-way symmetrical model, Social Responsibility Model, Partisan versus Mutual Values Model, and Professional Responsibility Model. While ethical action Professional Public Relations in crisis management adhering to the code of professional conduct and codes of conduct to be able to behave or act as professionals in decision-making, and what procedures are done objectively, and be accountable. Keywords : Professional Public Relations, Advocacy ethics, Crisis Management
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Yoon, Bora, and Kisuk Cho. "UN communications at 75: Incremental change or innovative transformation?" International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 75, no. 2 (June 2020): 179–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020702020933646.
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In the age of globalization, the UN Department of Public Information (DPI) is expected to play an active role in communicating with citizens the world over. This study explores the DPI’s evolution over the last 75 years, tackling the nature of organizational change in what is too often dismissed as a hidebound and conservative institution. The authors use textual analysis of UN documents combined with Grunig and Hunt’s four public relations (PR) models to track the DPI’s transformation from an organization that favoured the one-way dissemination of objective information to an institution ready to embrace two-way symmetric public relations. Though useful, these models were unable to explain the driving forces behind the DPI’s transition from one model to another or detailed changes within models at a micro level. To remedy this, the authors incorporate Harry Nyström’s basic model of organizational innovation illuminating incremental changes within the DPI between 1946 and 1989, as well as the transformative changes that were driven by the end of the Cold War, new communications technologies, and Kofi Annan’s leadership in the 1990s and 2000s.
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Estaswara, Helpris, and Diana Anggraeni. "Mengelola Corporate Crisis Melalui Transformasi Model Stakeholder Relations di Era Digital." CoverAge: Journal of Strategic Communication 9, no. 1 (September 3, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35814/coverage.v9i1.1111.
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Managing stakeholders in the era of digital society become more complicated and the corporate crisis is highly potential to come forward. Consequently, to develop a long-term profitable relationship with the stakeholders requires dialogue based method. However, many corporate implement stakeholder relationship model remain derived from the understanding that corporate is the centre of all stakeholders, or corporate-centric model. A new model of system-centric than proposed in order to deal with the stakeholders in the era of digital society. The model implies that the corporate will be no longer being a central of stakeholders. It means the position of the corporate being a part of the system and involve symmetrical two-way communication strategy. This paper aimed at, firstly to elaborate a social network that would be potential to create the crisis if the corporate is not implementing the system-centric model that requires the development of multi-stakeholders learning dialogues. Secondly, it also analyzed the steps should be taken into account in order to transform traditional model toward symmetrical communication model of stakeholder relationship. Furthermore, method of literature review was applied as a basis of theoretical construction on stakeholder relationship model that should be engaged in avoiding of the crisis.
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Kang, Minjeong, and Minjung Sung. "How symmetrical employee communication leads to employee engagement and positive employee communication behaviors." Journal of Communication Management 21, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-04-2016-0026.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how a company’s symmetrical internal communication efforts could influence its employees’ perception of relationship outcomes with the company and the subsequent employee communication behaviors about the company to others and their turnover intention. Additionally, the mediation effects of employee-organization relationship (EOR) quality between symmetrical internal communication and employee engagement were tested. Design/methodology/approach The study collected the data from a survey of randomly selected 438 individuals who work as sales representatives of the case organization. Respondents were randomly selected through stratified sampling. For the overall statistical procedure, this study adopted the two-step structural equation modeling: on the basis of the final measurement model analysis from confirmatory factor analysis, the proposed structural model was tested using latent variables. Findings The findings of this research clearly demonstrate: employee/internal communication management is linked with employee engagement; employee engagement enhances supportive employee communication behaviors and reduces turnover intention. Also, the mediation results show strong mediation of EORs on the effects of symmetrical internal communication on employee engagement. Research limitations/implications Employees’ communication behaviors such as megaphoning and scouting have special strategic values to organizations. With information seeking, selecting, forwarding, and sharing behaviors of employees, organizations may obtain more valuable information than through formal procedures and channels. Professional literature has long been supporting the importance of fostering positive employee communication behaviors (ECBs), suggesting that WOM and information from the employees deemed as most trustworthy by the external publics. ECBs about their organizations may be viewed as a testament of the quality of EOR. This study results show that employee engagement plays a key role in creating positive ECBs. Practical implications Pragmatically, as noted in the findings, symmetrical communication is an important factor that leads to positive ECB. To facilitate employees’ favorable communication regarding an organization, therefore, the organization needs to practice a two-way, employee-centered symmetrical communication system in its everyday communication management. Communication managers are advised to nurture internal communication practices that listen to the employees and invite their participation in addition to providing complete and fair information to employees. Second, by showing the significant positive influence of EOR on employee engagement and ECB, the finding of the study suggests that strategic relationship management with internal publics affect overall management effectiveness. Hence, organizational managers need to adopt various relationship cultivation strategies in their communication with employees, which have been previously proposed by several studies. Originality/value The findings of the study demonstrated that the effects of employee relationship management and symmetrical internal communication indeed exist beyond ECBs to the actual managerial outcomes. The findings also suggest a three-stage model of employee communication management: employee/internal communication management antecedents; employee engagement; and supportive outcomes of effective employee communication programs, such as supportive/extra ECBs.
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Ayman, Umut, Anıl Kemal Kaya, and Ülfet Kutoğlu Kuruç. "The Impact of Digital Communication and PR Models on the Sustainability of Higher Education during Crises." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 9, 2020): 8295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208295.
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Currently, the world is going through a pandemic, COVID-19, that affects the four pillars of organizational sustainability. At this point, institutions’ sustainability depends on how they handle crisis communication. It seems that institutions that can adapt themselves to changes regarding the usage of digital communication platforms are survivors, and even winners, of this crisis. The general belief concerning education in developing countries claims that these countries are slow in adapting to technological innovations. Being a developing country, North Cyprus has a multi-cultural environment due to the presence of international students in tertiary education. This study explores how two public and two private universities maintained sustainability in higher education during COVID-19 by discussing the public relations models (PR) that they have used regarding digital communication. This study uses a qualitative content analysis and a quantitative method. The paper asserts that the effective usage of digital communication contributes to the sustainability of universities during this crisis. The findings revealed that the posts (text/image/poster) and videos these universities share are more concentrated on either press agentry or the public information model. Yet, a two-way symmetrical model that maintains dialogue within stakeholders is practiced less than the other PR models. Hence, there is a need for the universities to listen to their stakeholders not only in face to face communication but more through digital communication platforms as well.
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Gallego, Inés, Julio R. Fernández, Andrés Jiménez-Losada, and Manuel Ordóñez. "A Symmetric Banzhaf Cooperation Value for Games with a Proximity Relation among the Agents." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071196.
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A cooperative game represents a situation in which a set of agents form coalitions in order to achieve a common good. To allocate the benefits of the result of this cooperation there exist several values such as the Shapley value or the Banzhaf value. Sometimes it is considered that not all communications between players are feasible and a graph is introduced to represent them. Myerson (1977) introduced a Shapley-type value for these situations. Another model for cooperative games is the Owen model, Owen (1977), in which players that have similar interests form a priori unions that bargain as a block in order to get a fair payoff. The model of cooperation introduced in this paper combines these two models following Casajus (2007). The situation consists of a communication graph where a two-step value is defined. In the first step a negotiation among the connected components is made and in the second one players inside each connected component bargain. This model can be extended to fuzzy contexts such as proximity relations that consider leveled closeness between agents as we proposed in 2016. There are two extensions of the Banzhaf value to the Owen model, because the natural way loses the group symmetry property. In this paper we construct an appropriate value to extend the symmetric option for situations with a proximity relation and provide it with an axiomatization. Then we apply this value to a political situation.
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Wazery, Y. M., and Mona A. S. Ali. "An Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets Implementation for Key Distribution in Hybrid Message Encryption Over Wsns." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 7, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v7.i3.pp273-285.
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<span>WSN is a way of handling dangerous and hostile environments safely. It replaces human existence with nodes and units that could sustain its existence under extreme circumstances. The significance of WSN arises from the importance of the data gathered through its nodes. Due to the fact of WSN that it is open air environment, security issues must be considered, for example authentication of new units and the encryption of data transmitted between these units. This research provides a new model covering two important aspects in WSN. The first aspect is the creation of the key that will be used for the current session between a pair of nodes. In this step the research introduces the intuitionistic fuzzy sets to handle the WSN criteria simultaneously and efficiently, in order to decide the exact key length required depending on the status of the network parameters. The second aspect is the distribution of the key between the units desiring communications. This phase starts by authenticating each entity to each other and to the cluster head, then one unit suggests a key and the other one confirms. It then starts communication using that key. This phase shows the hybrid cryptography applied in which the algorithm uses asymmetric encryption for authentication then uses symmetric encryption to secure the connection between the two units. Experimental results in this research could categorized also into two classes. The first class is key size model in which the proposed model compared to ordinary KNN and fuzzy model related to the determination of the key size. The proposed model shows an overall efficient way relating to decide the key size. The second class of experiments is to distribute the intermediate key efficiently; at this point the proposed model shows resilience and efficiency compared to distributing the key directly through cluster head.</span>
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Verheyden, Mark. "Social media and the promise of excellence in internal communication." Journal of Organizational Ethnography 6, no. 1 (March 22, 2017): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joe-09-2016-0020.
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Purpose For many years the excellence theory (Grunig, 1992), with its ideal of two-way symmetrical communication, has been the dominant normative framework in public relations (PR). From an affordance perspective, social media seem to side perfectly with this promise of a more balanced power relation between participants in the communication loop. The purpose of this paper is to see if this promise was realized in the context of an internal communication practitioner’s social software use. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a critical case approach for the organizational ethnography. Therefore, the authors selected an IT company where the formal position of internal communication was being created. In this environment, the authors considered it “least likely” to find the unidirectional model of “push communication.” The authors used the network gatekeeping theory (Barzilai-Nahon, 2008) to study technology usage patterns in the organization. Findings The analysis indicates that the internal communicator uses social software to interact with other employees. The authors additionally found these tools to affect the gatekeeping role of internal communication, altering the position’s ideological focus through its ability to shape the technological environment. Research limitations/implications On a theoretical level, the network gatekeeping theory proved to be useful to study power relations inside organizations. On a practical level, the authors found themselves combining different data sources to grasp the complexity of organizational communication practices. Originality/value This research questions the widespread assumption that adoption of social software leads to excellence in PR. Additionally, the use of ethnographic methods in PR has been rare.
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Li, Song, Jie Cui, Hong Zhong, Yiwen Zhang, and Qiang He. "LEPA: A Lightweight and Efficient Public Auditing Scheme for Cloud-Assisted Wireless Body Sensor Networks." Security and Communication Networks 2017 (2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4364376.
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From smart watch to remote healthcare system, wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs) play an important role in modern healthcare system. However, the weak capacity of devices has limited WBSNs development. Considering the huge processing and storage capacity of the cloud, it can be merged with WBSNs to make up for the deficiencies of weak capacity. Based on this consideration, the concept of cloud-assisted WBSNs has been proposed recently. In contrast to generic data, the data in cloud-assisted WBSNs will be used for providing medical diagnosis, so the integrity of data is very important because any modification will result in severe consequences such as misdiagnosis. The public auditing scheme could provide an efficient solution to check the data integrity remotely without downloading them. However, the traditional public auditing scheme for cloud cannot be used directly due to the high data density and weak processing capacity in WBSNs. So, in this paper, we proposed a lightweight and efficient public auditing scheme, LEPA, for cloud-assisted WBSNs. Compared with similar schemes, the WBSNs’ client only needs to do one symmetrical encryption with low computational cost in LEPA. Security proof shows that LEPA can resist two types of adversaries in random oracle model. The efficiency evaluation also shows that LEPA outperforms previous proposals.
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Morozova, Galina, Diana Fatikhova, and Elmira Ziiatdinova. "Communication Models of Local Self-Government as a Subject of Modern Russian Policy (Based on Local Self-Government Bodies of the Republic of Tatarstan)." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 2 (May 2021): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.2.19.
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Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of communication in the system of local self-government of the Republic of Tatarstan as a subject of the Russian Federation conducted by the authors in November – December 2019. The study included a survey of representatives of regional media and press services of local authorities of the Republic of Tatarstan in order to determine the model of communication in the local government system and the role of PR-activities in the regulation of social interaction in the region. Methods and materials. The main method of studying was the method of expert survey. The authors developed a questionnaire, which was used during an interview with experts. When choosing an expert – a media representative for the interview – the authors took into account three factors: the rating of the represented media, the experience of the respondent in the regional media (at least five years) and the authority to make a key decision on the publication of the material. In order to identify the experts who are representatives of local self-government bodies, the authors of the article determined the following criteria: implementation of information and analytical activities in the structure of local self-government bodies, at least 5 years of experience as a head of a structural unit (public relations / media relations department) of local self-government bodies. Analysis. The analysis showed that the development of social media accelerates the process of establishing a two-way model of communication between the government and the public. Social media have become a full-fledged source of information both for the journalistic community and for the press services of local governments. Moreover, with the help of the content posted in posts on official accounts on social networks, local governments can attract residents of the municipal territory to participate in solving local issues. Constant monitoring, responding to comments, tracking negative content on social media are becoming everyday practices in the work of press services. Results. The results of the study indicate that over the past decade in the Russian Federation the necessary prerequisites have been formed for the formation of a bilateral symmetrical model of communication between local authorities and the population. This model is aimed at providing effective feedback that allows the local government to quickly respond to the aspirations and needs of the population, monitor their dynamics, constantly monitor the attitude and assessments of citizens of decisions made on the development of the city or region.
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Ellingsen, Tore, and Robert Östling. "When Does Communication Improve Coordination?" American Economic Review 100, no. 4 (September 1, 2010): 1695–724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.100.4.1695.
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We study costless pre-play communication of intentions among inexperienced players. Using the level-k model of strategic thinking to describe players' beliefs, we fully characterize the effects of preplay communication in symmetric 2×2 games. One-way communication weakly increases coordination on Nash equilibrium outcomes, although average payoffs sometimes decrease. Two-way communication further improves payoffs in some games but is detrimental in others. Moving beyond the class of symmetric 2 × 2 games, we find that communication facilitates coordination in common interest games with positive spillovers and strategic complementarities, but there are also games in which any type of communication hampers coordination. (JEL C72, D83)
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Seiffert-Brockmann, Jens, Wolfgang Weitzl, and Magdalena Henriks. "Stakeholder engagement through gamification." Journal of Communication Management 22, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-12-2016-0096.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to research the role of stakeholder motivation in the context of gamification. The authors suggest, that a player’s motivation, is a key determinant of psychological engagement and subsequently, behavioral engagement. To examine stakeholder engagement through gamification, the authors propose a research model that links gamer types, i.e. a gamer’s motivation, with engagement and potential effects beyond the gamified content. Design/methodology/approach Online survey with 90 active users of a gamified application, followed by a multiple regression analysis. Findings The findings of the study suggest that a gamer’s typology, i.e. her underlying motivation, positively influences psychological stakeholder engagement toward gamified content and indirectly behavioral stakeholder engagement toward the communication instrument (i.e. the app) itself. The findings suggest that particularly gamified content that targets a person’s need toward achievement is a key driver of behavioral engagement toward an application. Thus, gamer types seem to be a good predictor for engagement on the part of stakeholders. Research limitations/implications This research provides first empirical evidence about the effectiveness of gamification of mobile service apps and the critical role of stakeholder engagement. However, several limitations have to be noted: first, the study was conducted with only a single mobile app which targets only a specific audience and which only conveys specific types of gamified content. Second, given the small sample size and sampling approach the findings should be interpreted with care in respect to its reliability, validity and robustness. Third, as only a fraction of the variance of behavioral engagement was explained by the research, future studies should investigate additional variables that drive app usage (e.g. perceived informational value). Practical implications When talking about the role of dialogue in the process of establishing good and lasting relations between an organization and its stakeholders, the non-rational (e.g. emotions) forces of engagement are often disregarded. The human drive to play can be a powerful door opener in that process. The paper suggests that engaging in stakeholder relations through gamification might be as effective as the standard way of dialogue and two-way-symmetrical communication. Especially potential stakeholders who lack the interest and motivation for information seeking, can be attracted to the organization in such a manner. Social implications Many studies that focus on engagement in the digital realm look to Twitter, Facebook, etc. in order to study company-stakeholder relationships. Thereby, the importance of many other digital media, especially games, is neglected. However, within gamified apps, small social networks form, which are driven by other forces (such as play), than in the aforementioned. Originality/value The present study contributes to research in the area of stakeholder engagement in the following way: even though engagement is widely believed to play a vital role in the process of building stakeholder relationships, research in the field of PR focuses mainly on the behavioral aspect of engagement. The results suggest to pay more attention to psychological antecedents in order to understand what drives engagement.
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Demichelis, Stefano, and Jörgen W. Weibull. "Language, Meaning, and Games: A Model of Communication, Coordination, and Evolution." American Economic Review 98, no. 4 (August 1, 2008): 1292–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.4.1292.
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Language is a powerful coordination device. We generalize the cheap-talk approach to pre-play communication by way of introducing a meaning correspondence between messages and actions, and by postulating two axioms met by natural languages. Players have a lexicographic preference, second to material payoffs, against deviating from the meaning correspondence. Under two-sided communication in generic and symmetric n × n-coordination games, a Nash equilibrium component in such a lexicographic communication game is evolutionarily stable if and only if it results in the unique Pareto efficient outcome of the underlying game. We extend the analysis to one-sided communication in arbitrary finite two-player games. (JEL C72, C73, Z13)
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Vlahović, Marko, Milan Nikolić, Marko Ivaniš, Ivan Tasić, and Edit Terek. "The impact of communication models of public relations and organization–public relationships on company credibility and financial performance." Communications 45, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 479–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/commun-2019-2053.
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AbstractThe paper presents the results of the study of the impact and effects of communication models of public relations and organization–public relationships on company credibility and financial performance in companies in Serbia. The data were obtained by interviewing 415 respondents (PR managers, PR practitioners and marketing experts) working in 93 companies in Serbia. The dimensions of the organization–public relationships have stronger positive influences and effects on company credibility and financial performance than the dimensions of communication models of public relations. The influence of the dimensions of trust, commitment, satisfaction and communal relationship is particularly emphasized. Of the four communication models, the strongest positive impact on company credibility and financial performance is achieved by the two-way symmetrical dimension, and then the two-way asymmetrical dimension. The dimensions of communication models of public relations and organization–public relationships have the greatest influence and predictive effect on the dimension of trustworthiness, followed by the dimension of expertise, and finally the dimension of financial performance. Therefore, a greater impact exists on company credibility than on financial performance.
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Kim, Youngbae, Shreyash Patel, Heekyung Kim, Nandakishor Yadav, and Kyuwon Ken Choi. "Ultra-Low Power and High-Throughput SRAM Design to Enhance AI Computing Ability in Autonomous Vehicles." Electronics 10, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030256.
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Power consumption and data processing speed of integrated circuits (ICs) is an increasing concern in many emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, such as autonomous vehicles and Internet of Things (IoT). Existing state-of-the-art SRAM architectures for AI computing are highly accurate and can provide high throughput. However, these SRAMs have problems that they consume high power and occupy a large area to accommodate complex AI models. A carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFET) device has been reported as a potential candidates for AI devices requiring ultra-low power and high-throughput due to their satisfactory carrier mobility and symmetrical, good subthreshold electrical performance. Based on the CNFET and FinFET device’s electrical performance, we propose novel ultra-low power and high-throughput 8T SRAMs to circumvent the power and the throughput issues in Artificial Intelligent (AI) computation for autonomous vehicles. We propose two types of novel 8T SRAMs, P-Latch N-Access (PLNA) 8T SRAM structure and single-ended (SE) 8T SRAM structure, and compare the performance with existing state-of-the-art 8T SRAM architectures in terms of power consumption and speed. In the SRAM circuits of the FinFET and CNFET, higher tube and fin numbers lead to higher operating speed. However, the large number of tubes and fins can lead to larger area and more power consumption. Therefore, we optimize the area by reducing the number of tubes and fins without compromising the memory circuit speed and power. Most importantly, the decoupled reading and writing of our new SRAMs cell offers better low-power operation due to the stacking of device in the reading part, as well as achieving better readability and writability, while offering read Static Noise Margin (SNM) free because of isolated reading path, writing path, and greater pull up ratio. In addition, the proposed 8T SRAMs show even better performance in delay and power when we combine them with the collaborated voltage sense amplifier and independent read component. The proposed PLNA 8T SRAM can save 96%, while the proposed SE 8T SRAM saves around 99% in writing power consumption compared with the existing state-of-the-art 8T SRAM in FinFET model, as well as 99% for writing operation in CNFET model.
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Firdaus, Ilham, Asmawi Asmawi, and Asrinaldi Asrinaldi. "Proses Diseminasi Informasi Tentang Pemilihan Kepala Daerah (Pilkada) Kota Padang Tahun 2018 Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Partisipasi Pemilih." Jurnal Darussalam: Jurnal Pendidikan, Komunikasi dan Pemikiran Hukum Islam 11, no. 1 (September 20, 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30739/darussalam.v11i1.450.
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This research describes and analyzes the communication model carried out in the implementation of the process of disseminating the election of the Regional Head (Pilkada) of the City of Padang in 2018 in order to increase voter participation. This study uses the concept of excellence theory according to Grunig and Hunt, were in increasing voter participation in regional elections can be seen from various models, namely first: the press agentry model Second: public information Third: two way asymmetric and fourth: two way symmetric. This research uses the post-positivism research paradigm with qualitative methods and the type of case study approach. The process of data collection is done through interviews and documentation. The results showed that election dissemination carried out by one-way method, media, and face-to-face with emphasis on dialogue as a model of communication conducted turned out to be able to deliver messages to the effect to the community. Therefore, the message of the election delivered uses a cultural approach that was built by prioritizing face-to-face and media as an effort to increase community participation in regional elections.
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Hsu, Bi-Min. "Braille Recognition for Reducing Asymmetric Communication between the Blind and Non-Blind." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071069.
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Assistive braille technology has existed for many years with the purpose of aiding the blind in performing common tasks such as reading, writing, and communicating with others. Such technologies are aimed towards helping those who are visually impaired to better adapt to the visual world. However, an obvious gap exists in current technology when it comes to symmetric two-way communication between the blind and non-blind, as little technology allows non-blind individuals to understand the braille system. This research presents a novel approach to convert images of braille into English text by employing a convolutional neural network (CNN) model and a ratio character segmentation algorithm (RCSA). Further, a new dataset was constructed, containing a total of 26,724 labeled braille images, which consists of 37 braille symbols that correspond to 71 different English characters, including the alphabet, punctuation, and numbers. The performance of the CNN model yielded a prediction accuracy of 98.73% on the test set. The functionality performance of this artificial intelligence (AI) based recognition system could be tested through accessible user interfaces in the future.
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HERRERA-VIEDMA, E. "AN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL MODEL WITH ORDINAL LINGUISTIC WEIGHTED QUERIES BASED ON TWO WEIGHTING ELEMENTS." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 09, supp01 (September 2001): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488501001009.
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An Information Retrieval (IR) model defined using an ordinal fuzzy linguistic approach is proposed. It accepts ordinal linguistic weighted queries based on two weighting elements: the query terms and the query sub-expressions. In such a way, users may easily express simultaneously several semantic restrictions in a query. A symmetrical threshold semantic is associated to the weights of the query terms and an importance semantic is associated to the weights of the query sub-expressions. The advantage of this IR model with respect to others is the facility for expressing different semantic restrictions on the desired documents simultaneously, incorporating more flexibility in the user-IR system interaction.
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Linqiong, Yan. "The Argumentation in Governments’ Public Crisis Communication: A Case of a NIMBY Facility in City Z of Mainland China." Sinología hispánica 3, no. 2 (December 13, 2016): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/sin.v3i2.5264.
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<p align="LEFT">Argumentativeness is an attribute not to be</p><p align="LEFT">neglected in the crisis communication discourse.</p><p align="LEFT">This paper constructs an argumentation-oriented</p><p align="LEFT">public crisis communication model. The new</p><p align="LEFT">model incorporates the well-established rules</p><p align="LEFT">and two-way symmetric principle in crisis</p><p align="LEFT">communication with argumentation analysis</p><p align="LEFT">and evaluation under the theory of pragmadialectics.</p><p align="LEFT">By analyzing the strategies and</p><p align="LEFT">evaluating the effects of a local Chinese</p><p align="LEFT">government’s crisis communication related with</p><p align="LEFT">a proposed NIMBY facility in Mainland China, the</p><p align="LEFT">case is employed to underline the significance</p><p>of the new model in real crisis communication.</p>
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ROHOZIŃSKI, STANISŁAW G., and KRZYSZTOF STAROSTA. "QUASIPARTICLE PAIRS IN ODD-ODD NUCLEI." International Journal of Modern Physics E 14, no. 03 (April 2005): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301305003235.
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In analogy to the core-quasiparticle coupling model used for investigation of the structure of odd-A nuclei a new way of description of odd-odd nuclei is presented being based on a symmetrical coupling of the two odd particles to the four neighboring even-even cores. The key feature of the model is an introduction of new objects: the quasiparticle pairs which are not systems of two independent quasiparticles. A method of selecting the physical solutions of the model is presented.
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Grindle, Matthew P., Ben Carter, John Paul Alao, Katherine Connors, Riina Tehver, and Andrea N. Kravats. "Structural Communication between the E. coli Chaperones DnaK and Hsp90." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 2200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042200.
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The 70 kDa and 90 kDa heat shock proteins Hsp70 and Hsp90 are two abundant and highly conserved ATP-dependent molecular chaperones that participate in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. In Escherichia coli, Hsp90 (Hsp90Ec) and Hsp70 (DnaK) directly interact and collaborate in protein remodeling. Previous work has produced a model of the direct interaction of both chaperones. The locations of the residues involved have been confirmed and the model has been validated. In this study, we investigate the allosteric communication between Hsp90Ec and DnaK and how the chaperones couple their conformational cycles. Using elastic network models (ENM), normal mode analysis (NMA), and a structural perturbation method (SPM) of asymmetric and symmetric DnaK-Hsp90Ec, we extract biologically relevant vibrations and identify residues involved in allosteric signaling. When one DnaK is bound, the dominant normal modes favor biological motions that orient a substrate protein bound to DnaK within the substrate/client binding site of Hsp90Ec and release the substrate from the DnaK substrate binding domain. The presence of one DnaK molecule stabilizes the entire Hsp90Ec protomer to which it is bound. Conversely, the symmetric model of DnaK binding results in steric clashes of DnaK molecules and suggests that the Hsp90Ec and DnaK chaperone cycles operate independently. Together, this data supports an asymmetric binding of DnaK to Hsp90Ec.
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Rui, Hou, Jin Zhigang, and Wang Baoliang. "Research on the two-way defense model of large data dynamic security SAT." Cluster Computing 20, no. 2 (February 24, 2017): 1237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10586-017-0791-x.
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Cheng, Jianfei, Maoli Chen, and Xiao Wang. "Flocking Behavior of Cucker–Smale Model with Processing Delay." Complexity 2020 (July 23, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2724806.
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The dynamics of a delay multiparticle swarm, which contains symmetric and asymmetric pairwise influence functions, are analyzed. Two different sufficient conditions to achieve conditional flocking are obtained. One does not have a clear relationship with this delay, and the other proposes a range of processing delays that affect the emergence of a flock. It is also pointed out that if the interparticle communication function has tail dissipation, unconditional flocking can be guaranteed. Compared with the previous results, the range of the communication rate β that allows a flock to emerge has been expanded from 1/4 to 1/2.
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Yin, Zhida, Haopeng Chen, and Fei Hu. "An advanced decision model enabling two-way initiative offloading in edge computing." Future Generation Computer Systems 90 (January 2019): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.07.031.
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Xia, Ming, Xiangwu He, and Yubin Zhou. "Symbiosis Evolution of Science Communication Ecosystem Based on Social Media: A Lotka–Volterra Model-Based Simulation." Complexity 2021 (April 15, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6655469.
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Social media has become an important way for science communication. Some scholars have examined how to help scientists engage with social media from operational training, policy guidance, and social media services improving. The main contribution of this study is to construct a symbiosis evolution model of science communication ecosystem (SCE) between scientists and social media platforms based on the symbiosis theory and the Lotka–Volterra model to discuss the evolution of their symbiotic patterns and population size under different symbiosis coefficients. The results indicate that (1) the size of the symbiosis coefficients determines the equilibrium outcome of the symbiosis evolution of scientists and social media platforms; (2) scientists and social media platforms can promote each other’s population size under the mutualism pattern, which can achieve sustainable science communication; (3) “1 + 1 > 2” effect can only be achieved under the symmetric mutualism pattern and the growth of scientists and social media platforms is more stable and sufficient than that of other patterns. The findings will provide additional perspectives for promoting the sustainable development of science communication based on social media.
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Ramezani, Parisa, and Abbas Jamalipour. "Two-Way Dual-Hop WPCN With A Practical Energy Harvesting Model." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 69, no. 7 (July 2020): 8013–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2993571.
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Denisov, Vladimir Yu. "Forming of the diameter tolerances of the insulated core to provide the guaranteed achievement of the required quality indicators of the symmetrical communication cable (lan-cable)." Vestnik of Samara State Technical University. Technical Sciences Series 28, no. 2 (July 27, 2020): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14498/tech.2020.2.2.
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A LAN-cable was considered as an object of research. A mathematical description of the mutual influence on the far and near ends in symmetrical communication cables is presented. Its assumed that the tightening of the tolerance for the diameter of the insulated core will ensure the guaranteed achievement of the required quality indicators of the symmetrical communication cable. An algorithm for calculating the mutual influence between two and four circuit is given. A mathematical description was obtained and a simulation model of the mutual influence on the near and far ends was constructed for two twisted pairs, taking into account the length of the chain and the frequency of the transmitted signal. Computer studies were performed when the diameters of isolated LAN-cable cores were varied, taking into account its length, the mutual influence on the near end of the coefficients of the capacitive coupling, and transient attenuation on the near end. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis and are the basis for the synthesis of automatic control systems for the LAN-cable manufacturing process.
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Xu, Dong Qiang, Xue Yong Wang, and Mei Mei He. "Time History Analysis of the Non-Symmetrical Special-Shaped Column Structure on Multi-Dimensional Seismic." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 4095–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.4095.
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In this paper, the spatial analysis model of non-symmetrical special-shaped column is established in ANSYS, and then, the translational and rotational component of the seismic wave was input to the frame structural model, taking account of stiffness enhancement of the floor on the beam, and carried out the elastic-plastic time-history analysis. Simulations show that the trend of development of displacement basically the same way on two horizontal components and torsional acceleration component, and the displacement on two horizontal components and torsional acceleration component increases significantly compared with one horizontal component; because of the presence of the floor, the intensity of beam is enhanced, leading to some columns more strain than the beam, so the floor should be fully considered in the design of the beam.
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Sušanj Protić, Tea. "Renesansna kuća Moise u Cresu - rezultati konzervatorskih istraživanja 2011. godne." Ars Adriatica, no. 4 (January 1, 2014): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/ars.501.
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The Renaissance residential architecture in the town of Cres is represented by a small number of preserved houses (palazzetti) of the local nobility which are attributed to the established stone-cutting workshop grouped around master Francesco Marangonich, a Lombard stone-cutter who arrived at Cres from the building sites of Venice and introduced Renaissance stylistic elements on the Quarnero islands. The best-known Renaissance residential building at Cres is the Marcello-Petris house which was built in the 1510s for the Minister Provincial and Bishop, Friar Antun Marcello-Petris. The Renaissance houses of the Cres nobility are characterized by their relatively large size, ashlar masonry, and the strict rhythm of the decorated openings on the representative facades. One of such buildings is the Moise house, situated in the medieval centre of the town, at a prominent site where the two main streets of the time crossed. Documents from the archive of the Franciscan monastery at Cres witness that in 1441, “Ser Andrea Moisenich” exchanged a garden for the house of “Nobilis Ser Stefano de Petris”, who had the Petris palace built before 1405, meaning that the present-day Moise house might be identified with the old Petris palace. It features the coats of arms of these two families from the same period, and, therefore, it could have functioned as a shared residence of both families, which was frequently the case in Venice, for example, when it came to large palaces with two residential floors and two courtyards, which are both elements of the Moise house. The Moise house is the largest residential building of Renaissance Cres and, through its size, it can be compared to prominent examples of large palaces in Dalmatian towns. It has not been the subject of scholarly and expert research because of its many alterations, the relatively poor preservation of its original features, and the loss of its representative appearance, all of which means that its basic characteristics remained unknown. Conservation works revealed the layout of its ground plan and established that it was conceived as an emulation of the Venetian model, with a central hall and four lateral chambers. These features set the Moise house apart from other Renaissance residential buildings at Cres as the only one which adopted and displayed the high Renaissance symmetry of ground plan, which is also reflected on the representative facade. Analysis of the plaster samples taken from the walls has resulted in their stratigraphy, which confirms the hypothesis that all the walls of the central salone were painted a secco in the seventeenth century.The conservation works carried out on the representative facade unveiled the position of the Renaissance windows, which indicates that the articulating rhythm was two single-light windows – a double-light window – two single-light windows, which was corroborated by the discovery of the dressed inner window splays. Such an arrangement was common practice in Venetian Gothic residential architecture but, in the territory of present-day Croatia, it gained prominence only in the Renaissance, and the Moise house is the only example of this at Cres. The second floor of the Moise house repeated the plan of the first, which implies that originally there would have been two sumptuous storeys. The vaulted rooms on the ground floor did not communicate with one another but formed separate units in a direct relationship with the street or courtyards and it is likely that they had a utilitarian function as shops or storage spaces, having no vertical communication inside the house with the residential floors, which were connected by means of a single flight staircase. The building had two representative courtyards; the west one gave way to subsequent additions but it was recorded in the Land Registry as early as 1821. On the ground floor, the courtyard had a porch with two arches above which was a gallery with a balustrade, traces of which were discovered through test-probes in the floor. In the small east courtyard, the remains of the Renaissance porch, supported by the excellently carved pillars have been preserved, while in the floor under the staircase vault, a circular, finely-dressed stone opening belonging to a well was found; its well head is today located on the ground floor of the house. The two representative courtyards are an exception in the densely-knit urban texture of Cres, which places the Moise house in a wider context of Renaissance residential architecture in the Adriatic. Its local variety would be the positioning of the well under the vault of the staircase, which is characteristic of the vernacular architecture in medieval Cres. In comparison to other similar buildings at Cres, the Moise house is unique in that it is the only Renaissance house of the nobility with a regular plan; other Renaissance houses are of a mostly irregular quadrangular plan, including the most representative example of the palazzetto of the Cres nobility, the Marcello-Petris house. The Moise house is also the only building to have a symmetrical interior layout, which resonates with the symmetrical articulation of the representative facade, while in the case of the Marcello-Petris house, the consistent rhythm of the richly decorated windows in the south facade are a screen of sorts placed before the asymmetrically-arranged interior space.The construction of such a large building, at a dominant position in the medieval core can be explained by the role of the original commissioners, the Petris family, as the most prominent noble family at Cres, while the credit for the contemporary Renaissance organization of the interior – with the only extant example of a central representative hall in the Renaissance residential architecture at Cres – belongs to the builders, who had already demonstrated knowledge of contemporary Venetian models on the well-known portal of the collegiate church at Cres.The Moise house was marginalized in previous overviews of the Renaissance residential architecture because of the modest state of preservation of its Renaissance stone sculpture. The results of the conservation works, and the analysis of the spatial organization, ground plan, and location of this building, but also the analysis of historical records, should contribute to a clearer perception of the Moise house in the context of the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century residential architecture on the east Adriatic coast, and to a re-assessment of its diminished representative importance, the value which is hidden in the architectural structure, concept and context, within the frame of the urban texture of medieval Cres.
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Xie, Fushou, Siqi Xia, Erfeng Chen, Yanzhong Li, Hongwei Mao, and Yuan Ma. "Numerical Investigation on Instability Flow Behaviors of Liquid Oxygen in a Feeding Pipeline with a Five-Way Spherical Cavity." Energies 13, no. 4 (February 19, 2020): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040926.
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The hydrodynamic information of liquid oxygen in the conveying pipeline of cryogenic launch vehicles directly determines the reliability of the operation of the turbopump. A 0.09 MPa anomalous pressure fall phenomenon in the feeding system has been observed during the flight and run test of a cryogenic rocket with four parallel engines. In previous work, we set up a full-scale experimental system with liquid oxygen as media. The anomalous pressure fall was successfully reproduced. Experimental studies of this phenomenon suggest that the problem might be associated with vortices into the five-way spherical cavity structure. The objective of this study was to determine the three-dimensional instability flow by computational methods to identify and better understand the anomalous pressure fall phenomenon. A numerical model developed by the turbulent conservation equations was validated by experimental data. The generation and evolution of vortices into the five-way spherical cavity of feeding pipelines was captured. It was found that the root cause of the instability flow causing the unusual pressure fall is the formation of a spindle-like vortex into the five-way spherical cavity due to disturbance of the inlet liquid oxygen. The results showed that there is a mirror-symmetrical four-vortices structure in the absence of disturbance, in which the liquid oxygen pressure fall with the rise of the Reynolds number is in good agreement with the predicting values calculated by a set of traditional empirical correlations. In the case of the specific operating conditions, it is also consistent with the experimental results. When the disturbance occurs at the inlet of the spherical cavity, the mirror-symmetrical four-vortices structure gradually evolves into the mirror-symmetrical two-vortices structure. When the disturbance is further enhanced, the mirror-symmetrical two-vortices structure merge with each other to form a spindle-like vortex, which is similar to the Rankine vortex structure. The pressure fall on the corresponding side of the spindle-like vortex core reduces abnormally, and is about 0.07 MPa, which is consistent with the experimental data under certain disturbance conditions. Moreover, it was found that the spindle-like vortex is a stable eddy structure, and would continue to exist once it is formed, which could also not disappear with the removal of the disturbance.
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Manneville, Paul, and Masaki Shimizu. "Transitional Channel Flow: A Minimal Stochastic Model." Entropy 22, no. 12 (November 29, 2020): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22121348.
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In line with Pomeau’s conjecture about the relevance of directed percolation (DP) to turbulence onset/decay in wall-bounded flows, we propose a minimal stochastic model dedicated to the interpretation of the spatially intermittent regimes observed in channel flow before its return to laminar flow. Numerical simulations show that a regime with bands obliquely drifting in two stream-wise symmetrical directions bifurcates into an asymmetrical regime, before ultimately decaying to laminar flow. The model is expressed in terms of a probabilistic cellular automaton of evolving von Neumann neighborhoods with probabilities educed from a close examination of simulation results. It implements band propagation and the two main local processes: longitudinal splitting involving bands with the same orientation, and transversal splitting giving birth to a daughter band with an orientation opposite to that of its mother. The ultimate decay stage observed to display one-dimensional DP properties in a two-dimensional geometry is interpreted as resulting from the irrelevance of lateral spreading in the single-orientation regime. The model also reproduces the bifurcation restoring the symmetry upon variation of the probability attached to transversal splitting, which opens the way to a study of the critical properties of that bifurcation, in analogy with thermodynamic phase transitions.
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Das, Sajal K., Dirk H. Hohndel, Maximilian Ibel, and Sabine R. Öhring. "Efficient Communication in Folded Petersen Networks." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 08, no. 02 (June 1997): 163–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054197000136.
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Fast and efficient communication is one of the most important requirements in today's multicomputers. When reaching a larger scale of processors, the probability of faults in the network increases, hence communication must be robust and fault tolerant. The recently introduced family of folded Petersen networks, constructed by iteratively applying the cartesian product operation on the well-known Petersen graph, provides a regular, node– and edge-symmetric architecture with optimal connectivity (hence maximal fault-tolerance), and logarithmic diameter. Compared to the closest sized hypercube, the folded petersen network has a smaller diameter, lower node degree and higher packing density. In this paper, we study fundamental communication primitives like single routing, permutation routing, one-to-all broadcasting, multinode-broadcasting (gossiping), personalized communications like scattering, and total exchange on the folded Petersen networks, considering two communication models, namely single link availability (SLA) and multiple link availability (MLA). We derive lower bounds for these problems and design optimal algorithms in terms of both time and the number of message transmissions. The results are based on the construction of minimal height spanning trees in the fault-free folded Petersen network. We further analyze these communication primitives in faulty networks, where processing nodes and transmission links cease working. This analysis is based on multiple arc-disjoint spanning trees, a construct also useful for analyzing other families of multicomputer networks.
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Du, Yan Liang, Shi Yan Wang, Shu Hua Yin, Zhan Po Mao, and Su Zhen Yang. "Parallel Algorithms in a Physically-Based Hydrologic Soil Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 536-537 (April 2014): 1634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.1634.
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Enormous river basin information has been collected by for high resolution of the physically-based distributed hydrological model, while the scales of computational domain are often restricted by the intensive calculation. The parallel algorithms of physically-based regional hydrologic soil model (P-RHSM) in OpenGeoSys are brought forward in this paper. The object-oriented C++ programming in the model approaches the two objectives: one is data structure organizations including the spatial discretization of the computation domain with nodes density arrangement and solutions communication of temporal variables, the other is computational efficiency by parallel computing. The Message passing interface (MPI) communication is implemented in P-RHSM which is carried out on Linux supported symmetric multiprocessing computers. P-RHSM is applied to Heihe basin in the northwest China. The high-resolution results of temporal soil moisture content distribution, front movement and parallel performance is presented.
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Noboa, H. L., D. O’Neal, and W. D. Turner. "Calculation of the Shape Factor From a Small Rectangular Plane to a Triangular Surface Perpendicular to the Rectangular Plane Without a Common Edge." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 115, no. 2 (May 1, 1993): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930029.
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In developing an analytical model of radiative heat transfer inside attics, the necessity of calculating the shape factor from a small rectangle to a triangular plane may arise. This paper describes a methodology of calculation for such a shape factor from simple relations using shape-factor algebra. The shape factor is calculated using a mirror image of the triangular surface, in such a way that the small rectangular plane is positioned symmetrical between the two triangular surfaces. Numerical results are presented in graphical form.
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Ilyashenko, Lubov K. "IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS WITH TEACHING MATHEMATICS IN A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 3 (May 25, 2019): 599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7390.
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Purpose of Study: The aim of this paper was to provide a model of internal communication for a technical faculty.
Methodology: This was a descriptive-analytic study, small ways of communicating were identified, then their logical model was prepared in such a way that it included all types of communication and a comprehensive model for internal communication.
Results: The results showed that in order to have a successful internal communication in a technical university, a model for internal communication should be developed.
Implications/Applications: In the proposed model, it was pointed out that internal communication should include student communication with all components of education. The best kind of communication was also considered as two-way communication.
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Małecki, Krzysztof, and Maciej Gabryś. "The computer simulation of cellular automata traffic model with the consideration of vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technology." SIMULATION 96, no. 11 (September 23, 2020): 911–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549720958482.
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Based on the two-lane, symmetric traffic model (STCA), a modified traffic model, including Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication (STCA V2I model, for short), is presented. The combined full-autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles are able to exchange information as well as the intentions of the driver with the surrounding vehicles through V2I communication. In the analyzed case, the communication between vehicles includes the sending of information to vehicles to the rear about the traffic situation ahead. Numerical simulations present a greater dispersion of vehicles with the same traffic density and fewer lane changes, while maintaining the same average vehicle speed as in the STCA model. Spatial–temporal profiles of traffic flow indicate that vehicles moving in accordance with the STCA V2I model are not subject to unnecessary concentration. Numerical studies have shown the positive and negative effects of transmitting traffic congestion messages.
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Liu, Xiaohu, Hengwei Zhang, Yuchen Zhang, Lulu Shao, and Jihong Han. "Active Defense Strategy Selection Method Based on Two-Way Signaling Game." Security and Communication Networks 2019 (November 29, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1362964.
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Most network security research studies based on signaling games assume that either the attacker or the defender is the sender of the signal and the other party is the receiver of the signal. The attack and defense process is commonly modeled and analyzed from the perspective of one-way signal transmission. Aiming at the reality of two-way signal transmission in network attack and defense confrontation, we propose a method of active defense strategy selection based on a two-way signaling game. In this paper, a two-way signaling game model is constructed to analyze the network attack and defense processes. Based on the solution of a perfect Bayesian equilibrium, a defense strategy selection algorithm is presented. The feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified using examples from real-world applications. In addition, the mechanism of the deception signal is analyzed, and conclusions for guiding the selection of active defense strategies are provided.
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Kiss, Ágnes, Masoud Naderpour, Jian Liu, N. Asokan, and Thomas Schneider. "SoK: Modular and Efficient Private Decision Tree Evaluation." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2019, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2019-0026.
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Abstract Decision trees and random forests are widely used classifiers in machine learning. Service providers often host classification models in a cloud service and provide an interface for clients to use the model remotely. While the model is sensitive information of the server, the input query and prediction results are sensitive information of the client. This motivates the need for private decision tree evaluation, where the service provider does not learn the client’s input and the client does not learn the model except for its size and the result. In this work, we identify the three phases of private decision tree evaluation protocols: feature selection, comparison, and path evaluation. We systematize constant-round protocols for each of these phases to identify the best available instantiations using the two main paradigms for secure computation: garbling techniques and homomorphic encryption. There is a natural tradeoff between runtime and communication considering these two paradigms: garbling techniques use fast symmetric-key operations but require a large amount of communication, while homomorphic encryption is computationally heavy but requires little communication. Our contributions are as follows: Firstly, we systematically review and analyse state-of-the-art protocols for the three phases of private decision tree evaluation. Our methodology allows us to identify novel combinations of these protocols that provide better tradeoffs than existing protocols. Thereafter, we empirically evaluate all combinations of these protocols by providing communication and runtime measures, and provide recommendations based on the identified concrete tradeoffs.
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Hutchins, Susan G., Alex Bordetsky, Tony Kendall, and Maura Garrity. "Evaluating a Model of Team Collaboration via Analysis of Team Communications." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 4 (October 2007): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100456.
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A model of team collaboration was developed that emphasizes the macro-cognitive processes entailed in collaboration and includes major processes that underlie this type of communication: (1) individual knowledge building, (2) developing knowledge inter-operability, (3) team shared understanding, and (4) developing team consensus. This paper describes research conducted to empirically validate this model. Team communications that transpired during two complex problem solving situations were coded using cognitive process definitions included in the model. Data was analyzed for three teams that conducted a Maritime Interdiction Operation (MIO) and four teams that engaged in air-warfare scenarios. MIO scenarios involve a boarding team that boards a suspect ship to search for contraband cargo (e.g. explosives, machinery) and possible terrorist suspects. Air-warfare scenarios involve identifying air contacts in the combat information center of an Aegis ship. The way the teams' behavior on the two scenarios maps to the model of team collaboration is discussed.
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Dragoi, Mircea-Viorel, Dorin Mircea Rosca, Milena Flavia Folea, and Gheorghe Oancea. "A Fully Symmetrical High Performance Modular Milling Cutter." Symmetry 13, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13030496.
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Milling cutters belong to a widely used category of cutting tools. In this category, modular milling cutters are a narrow niche, less studied, and developed. Usually, they are symmetrical cutting tools. A milling cutting tool that can be reconfigured due to its modularity and still keeps its symmetry becomes more interesting and useful for machining. The paper presents such a new concept in a computer aided design (CAD) model of a cutting tool based on some novel features. The tool itself is designed as a modular complex. The way the torque is transmitted from the shaft to the elementary cutters is an original one, as they are joined together based on a profiled assembling. The profile is one formed of filleted circular sectors and segments. The reaming of the elementary cutters has two sections each of them assuming a task: transmitting the torque, and precisely centring, respectively. The cooling system, which is a component of the tool, provides the cutting area with coolant both on the front and side face of the cutting tool. Some nozzles placed around the cutting tool send jets or curtains of coolant towards the side surface of the cutter, instead of parallel, as some existing solutions do. The source of the coolant supply is the inner cooling system of the machine tool. This provides the tool with coolant having proper features: high enough flow and pressure. The output of the research is a CAD-based model of the modular milling cutter with a high performance cooling system. All of this model’s elements were designed taking into account the design for manufacturing principles, so it will be possible to easily manufacture this tool. Several variants of milling cutters obtained by reconfiguring the complex tool are presented. Even if the tool is usually a symmetric complex, it can process asymmetric parts. Symmetry is intensively used to add some advantages to the modular cutting tool: balanced forces in the cutting process, the possibility of controlling the direction of the axial cutting force, and a good machinability of the grooves used to assemble the main parts of the cutting tool.
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Fang, Lei, Xue Rao, Ling Li, and Huan Li. "A RFID-Based Security Authentication System Model for Electric Vehicle Charging Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 741 (March 2015): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.741.623.
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Improving the efficiency of RFID data storage and ensuring communication security is an effective way to improve the efficiency and safety of the identifying and authenticating process between charging stations and electric vehicles. Considering structure of electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) and the components of RFID system, this paper presents a charging station security authentication system model based on lightweight RFID security protocol using hybrid encryption technology. This protocol participates in the computation and storage through a reader-writer, so that it can store more data than other protocols using the same storage, meanwhile keeping lightweight. To enhance security, a hybrid encryption for RFID is proposed, which is based on public key signature encryption algorithm, hash function and symmetric key algorithm. Analysis demonstrates that this system has great calculating storage performance and security. In addition, it has the ability to resist several typical attacks. Moreover, gate circuits needed to achieve such encryption algorithm is far less than the one used in conventional SHA-256 algorithm.
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Ravensbergen, J., J. K. B. Krijger, B. Hillen, and H. W. Hoogstraten. "Merging flows in an arterial confluence: the vertebro-basilar junction." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 304 (December 10, 1995): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112095004368.
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The basilar artery is one of the three vessels providing the blood supply to the human brain. It arises from the confluence of the two vertebral arteries. In fact, it is the only artery of this size in the human body arising from a confluence instead of a bifurcation. Earlier work, concerning flow computations in simplified models of the basilar artery, has demonstrated that a junction causes distinctive flow phenomena. This paper presents three-dimensional finite-element computations of steady viscous flow in a rigid symmetrical junction geometry representing the anatomical situation in a more realistic way. The geometry consists of two round tubes merging into a single round outlet tube. The Reynolds number for the basilar artery ranges from 200 to 600, and both symmetrical and asymmetrical inflow from the two inlet tubes has been considered.Just downstream of the confluence a ‘double hump’ axial velocity profile is found. In the transition zone the flow pattern appears to have a complicated structure. In the symmetrical case the axial velocity profile shows a sharp central ridge, whereas in the asymmetrical case the highest ‘hump’ crosses the centreline of the tube. The flow has a highly three-dimensional character with secondary velocities easily exceeding 25% of the mean axial flow velocity. The secondary flow pattern consists of four vortices. Under all simulated flow conditions, the inlet length turns out to be much larger than the average length of the human basilar artery.To validate the computational model, a comparison is made between numerical and experimental results for a junction geometry consisting of tubes with a rectangular cross-section. The experiments have been performed in a Perspex model with laser Doppler velocimetry and dye injection techniques. Good agreement between experimental and computational results is found. Moreover, all essential flow phenomena turn out to be quite similar to those obtained for the circular tube geometry.
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Zahibo, N., A. Slunyaev, T. Talipova, E. Pelinovsky, A. Kurkin, and O. Polukhina. "Strongly nonlinear steepening of long interfacial waves." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 14, no. 3 (June 8, 2007): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-14-247-2007.
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Abstract. The transformation of nonlinear long internal waves in a two-layer fluid is studied in the Boussinesq and rigid-lid approximation. Explicit analytic formulation of the evolution equation in terms of the Riemann invariants allows us to obtain analytical results characterizing strongly nonlinear wave steepening, including the spectral evolution. Effects manifesting the action of high nonlinear corrections of the model are highlighted. It is shown, in particular, that the breaking points on the wave profile may shift from the zero-crossing level. The wave steepening happens in a different way if the density jump is placed near the middle of the water bulk: then the wave deformation is almost symmetrical and two phases appear where the wave breaks.
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Chorley, Martin J., David W. Walker, and Martyn F. Guest. "Hybrid Message-Passing and Shared-Memory Programming in a Molecular Dynamics Application On Multicore Clusters." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 23, no. 3 (June 2, 2009): 196–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342009106188.
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Hybrid programming, whereby shared-memory and message-passing programming techniques are combined within a single parallel application, has often been discussed as a method for increasing code performance on clusters of symmetric multiprocessors (SMPs). This paper examines whether the hybrid model brings any performance benefits for clusters based on multicore processors. A molecular dynamics application has been parallelized using both MPI and hybrid MPI/OpenMP programming models. The performance of this application has been examined on two high-end multicore clusters using both Infiniband and Gigabit Ethernet interconnects. The hybrid model has been found to perform well on the higher-latency Gigabit Ethernet connection, but offers no performance benefit on low-latency Infiniband interconnects. The changes in performance are attributed to the differing communication profiles of the hybrid and MPI codes.
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Yusop, Fatimah, Bambang Basuno, and Zamri Omar. "Application of Modified 4th Order Runge Kutta-TVD Scheme for the Flow Past through Symmetrical Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.181.
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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a well known tool to solve the fluid flow problems. In CFD analysis, the models use various types of Partial Differential Equation (PDE). The most common is hyperbolic equation. In order to solve the equation, high-order scheme is very reasonable to be applied due to the accuracy of result. So that, this study use modified Runge Kutta with Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) scheme and the model is half body airfoil (symmetrical airfoil NACA 0012). Firstly, parametric study over the size of suitable flow domain was carried out. If the length of airfoil chord is denoted by c, investigation effects on the size of flow domain is carried over the flow domain in x-direction which is 5c while in y-direction is 6c. Another two size flow domains had been used in this study are 5c×3c and 9c×3c respectively. The result shows a strong influence to the flow field solution occurred if the distance between airfoil surfaces to the outer boundary is relatively small. Through this parametric study, it had been suggested that the best way to solve the aerodynamics problem for the flow past through symmetrical airfoil by using the size of flow domain is 5c×6c. Using the same size of flow domain, it had been found that the developed computer code able to produce the result in a good agreement with ANSYS CFD-FLUENT software.
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Sulaiman, Nuzatul Shima, and Zulhamri Abdullah. "CONCEPTUAL EXPLORATION ON INTERNAL COMMUNICATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AS DETERMINANTS OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE." International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences 2, no. 9 (October 10, 2019): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijmtss.29009.
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: Recent studies indicate internal communication and organizational identification are the pressing needs of organizations to achieve employee performance and organizational effectiveness. Despite an extensive number of studies, the concepts of internal communication and organizational identification and their link to employee performance are still understudied particularly on the impact of organizational effectiveness. Understanding the mechanisms by which internal communication influences employee performance also remains scarce in the literature. Thus, this paper is prepared to ascertain the influence of two factors; internal communication as the communication factor and organizational identification as the social factor in terms of enhancing employee performance. A wide-ranging search of the three concepts is explored, examined their relationships and proposed with an underlying mechanism for the relationship. Adopting symmetrical internal communication, social identity and social exchange theories from the perspective of employee communication behavior, this paper reviews and analyses the effects of internal communication and organizational identification on employee performance by providing an integrative conceptual framework and suggesting an improved direction for future research. Theoretically, this paper provides a comprehensive insight into the existing literature that offers the basis for a rigorous assessment of internal communication and organizational identification influences on employee performance. Practically, the conceptual model may provide communication managers with the crucial guidelines for designing and implementing appropriate internal communication and identification programs for the success of employee performance and organizational sustainable development.