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Journal articles on the topic 'TWV 7'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Adkins, Scott, and Erin N. Rosskopf. "Key West Nightshade, a New Experimental Host for Plant Viruses." Plant Disease 86, no. 12 (December 2002): 1310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.12.1310.

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Key West nightshade (Solanum bahamense) is a perennial solanaceous weed found in the extreme southern portion of Florida. It can be propagated by seed and cuttings and is absent from the noxious weed lists of all U.S. states. Its susceptibility to five viruses common to Florida was evaluated by mechanical inoculation of leaves with Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and a putative tobamovirus recently isolated from hibiscus in Florida (HV). TSWV induced chlorotic rings on inoculated leaves and mosaic and malformation of uninoculated leaves. CMV induced necrotic local lesions on inoculated leaves. No symptoms were observed following inoculation with TMV, PMMoV, or HV. TSWV, TMV, and PMMoV systemically infected S. bahamense as determined by the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, viral-associated double-stranded RNA analysis, and/or indicator hosts. Active growth of infected plants continued for 7 months following inoculation, making S. bahamense suitable for long-term maintenance of viruses in planta. We suggest that S. bahamense may be a useful host for virus culture collections and for studies involving large numbers of virus isolates where fresh, infected tissue is continuously required.

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Suwabe, Tatsuya, Francisco J. Barrera, Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Yoshifumi Ubara, and Marie C. Hogan. "Somatostatin analog therapy effectiveness on the progression of polycystic kidney and liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 24, 2021): e0257606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257606.

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Background Uncertainty underlies the effectiveness of somatostatin analogues for slowing the progression of polycystic kidney or liver disease. Methods Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating somatostatin analog as therapy for patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) or polycystic liver disease (PLD) compared to placebo or standard therapy. Two reviewers independently screened studies identified from databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database), clinical trial registries, and references from pertinent articles and clinical practice guidelines. Outcome measurements were changes in total liver volume (TLV), total kidney volume (TKV), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results Of 264 nonduplicate studies screened, 10 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The body of evidence provided estimates warranting moderate confidence. Meta-analysis of 7 RCTs including a total of 652 patients showed that somatostatin analogs are associated with a lower %TLV growth rate compared to control (mean difference, -6.37%; 95% CI -7.90 to -4.84, p<0.00001), and with a lower %TKV growth rate compared to control (mean difference, -3.66%; 95% CI -5.35 to -1.97, p<0.0001). However, it was not associated with a difference in eGFR decline (mean difference, -0.96 mL/min./1.73m2; 95% CI -2.38 to 0.46, p = 0.19). Conclusions Current body of evidence suggests that somatostatin analogs therapy slows the increase rate of TLV and TKV in patients with PKD or PLD compared to control within a 3-year follow-up period. It does not seem to have an effect on the change in eGFR. Somatostatin analogs therapy can be a promising treatment for ADPKD or ADPLD, and we need to continue to research its effectiveness for ADPKD or ADPLD.

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Kim, Young Woon, Jung Hyun Kwon, Eun Chung, Sung Won Lee, Jong-yul Lee, Jeong Won Jang, Kyu Won Chung, and Soon Woo Nam. "Short Term Virologic Efficacies of Telbivudine versus Entecavir against Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/181065.

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Telbivudine has been reported to be more effective than lamivudine. However, because of the resistance rate to telbivudine (TLV), the current guidelines recommend entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir (TNV) as the first-line therapy for chronic hepatitis B. We investigated the short term virologic efficacy of TLV in comparison with ETV as the first-line agent of HBV suppression in HBV-related advanced HCC patients. A total of 86 consecutive patients with HBV-related HCC for whom antiviral treatment was initiated in Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital between 2010 and 2013 were analyzed. Virologic responses were investigated on the 4th, 12th, and 24th weeks of the antiviral therapies. In patients with advanced TNM stage cancer (stage 3 or 4) and poor liver function (Child-Pugh class B or C), the virologic response rates at weeks 12 and 24 were 25% (1/4) and 42.8% (3/7) in the TLV group and 33.3% (1/3) and 33.3% (1/3) in the ETV group, respectively (P=0.424,P=0.800). The short term efficacy of TLV was similar to that of ETV. Since TLV is highly cost-effective, it should be considered as a first-line antiviral agent in patients with advanced HCC, poor liver function, and short life expectancies.

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Malina, Robert M., Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva, António J. Figueiredo, Renaat M. Philippaerts, Norikazu Hirose, Maria Eugenia Peña Reyes, Giulio Gilli, et al. "Tanner–Whitehouse Skeletal Ages in Male Youth Soccer Players: TW2 or TW3?" Sports Medicine 48, no. 4 (October 29, 2017): 991–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0799-7.

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5

Pappu, H. R., K. R. W. Hammett, and K. L. Druffel. "Dahlia mosaic virus and Tobacco streak virus in Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis) in New Zealand." Plant Disease 92, no. 7 (July 2008): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-7-1138b.

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Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Hort.) is a significant ornamental plant in New Zealand. Symptoms such as mosaic, ring spots, mottling, and veinal chlorosis, suggestive of a viral infection, are often seen in various dahlia collections. To better understand the incidence of viruses in dahlia in New Zealand, several popularly grown cultivars were evaluated for viruses that are known to infect dahlia. Viruses that were tested included Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Dahlia mosaic virus (DMV), Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), Tobacco streak virus (TSV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). At least one symptomatic plant was tested from each of the following cultivars: Akito Dawn, Cincinnati Dancer, Hamari Accord, Hamari Rose, LeBatts Prime, LeVonne Splinter, Riverlea Tropicana, Spartacus, Tartan, Tui Connie, and Wandas Antartica. Except for DMV, initial testing was done by ELISA with commercially available kits for the above viruses. In the case of dahlia mosaic, samples were tested for DMV that was described previously (4) and two additional and distinct caulimoviruses (DMV-D10 and DMV-Holland) that were found to be associated with dahlia (1,2). Primer pairs, ORF6st: ATG GAA GAA ATT AAG GCG T and ORF6end: TTG TCT TCA TCC ATA AAG CAG; DenF1: CAG CAA GAA ACA GGA ATT GA and DenR: TTA CAG TCG AAG CTG CTA AA; and Kapht-F: ATG AGT AAT GCT TCA GCA A and Kapht-R: TGA CCA TGG CTT CTA ACT GT were used for the specific detection of DMV-D10, DMV-Holland, and DMV, respectively (1). None of the samples tested were ELISA positive for CMV, INSV, or TSWV. To verify the TSV infection, TSV-specific primers (5′-GTC CAG ACC ATC CAT CCA AC-3′ and 5′-TTG ATT CAC CAG GAA ATC TT-3′), designed based on sequences available in GenBank, were used in reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. For DMV, the diagnostic tests used were electron microscopy and PCR followed by amplicon cloning and sequencing. Electron microscopic observation of leaf-dip preparations showed near isometric virions, approximately 50 to 60 nm in all samples tested. PCR showed that all samples tested were positive for DMV-Holland and DMV-D10. While DMV-Holland is a typical caulimovirus, DMV-D10 was found to exist as an endogenous plant pararetroviral sequence in dahlia (3). One sample each from two cultivars, Spartacus and Tui Connie, were positive for TSV by ELISA, RT-PCR, followed by the sequence analysis of the cloned amplicon. The impact of TSV-infected dahlias as a potential source of inoculum remains to be seen. Our results suggested the prevalence of dahlia mosaic-associated caulimoviruses in several dahlia cultivars and the presence of TSV in New Zealand dahlias. Dahlia mosaic continues to be prevalent in several parts of the world (1), and with the current findings in New Zealand, testing for these viruses should be conducted to ensure virus-free status of the propagating material. References: (1) V. Pahalawatta et al. Plant Dis. 91:1194, 2007. (2) V. Pahalawatta et al. Arch. Virol.153:733, 2008. (3) V. Pahalawatta et al. Virology 376:253, 2008. (4) R. D. Richins and R. J. Shepherd. Virology 124:208, 1983.

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Choi, S. K., I. S. Cho, G. S. Choi, and J. Y. Yoon. "First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Brugmansia suaveolens in Korea." Plant Disease 98, no. 9 (September 2014): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-14-0173-pdn.

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Brugmansia suaveolens, also known as angel's trumpet, is a semi-woody shrub or a small tree. Because flowers of B. suaveolens are remarkably beautiful and sweetly fragrant, B. suaveolens is grown as ornamentals outdoors year-round in the tropics and subtropics, and as potted plants in temperate regions (1). In February 2013, virus-like symptoms including mosaic symptoms followed by distortion of leaves were observed in a potted B. suaveolens in a nursery in Chung-Nam Province, Korea. Symptomatic leaves were analyzed for the presence of several ornamental viruses including Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tomato bush stunt virus (TBSV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) by immune-strip diagnostic kits that were developed by our laboratory. Positive controls and extract from healthy leaves of B. suaveolens as a negative control were included in each immune-strip assay. TSWV was detected serologically from the naturally infected B. suaveolens, but CMV, TBSV, and TMV were not detected from the B. suaveolens. The presence of TSWV (named TSWV-AT1) was confirmed by commercially available double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA kits (Agdia, Elkhart, IN). TSWV-AT1 was mechanically transmitted from the ELISA-positive B. suaveolens to Capsicum annuum and Nicotiana glutinosa, respectively. Inoculated C. annuum showed chlorotic rings in the inoculated leaves and inoculated N. glutinosa produced mosaic and systemic necrosis in the inoculated leaves after 7 days inoculation, respectively, which were consistent with symptoms caused by TSWV (2). To confirm further TSWV-AT1 infection, reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was performed using the One-Step RT-PCR (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) with TSWV-specific primers, TSWV-NCP-For and TSWV-NCP-Rev (3), designed to amplify a 777-bp cDNA of the nucleocapsid protein (NCP) gene. Total RNAs from naturally infected B. suaveolens, symptomatic C. annuum, and N. glutinosa were extracted using RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). Total RNAs obtained from a Korean isolate of TSWV (Accession No. JF730744) and healthy B. suaveolens were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The expected size of the RT-PCR product was amplified from symptomatic B. suaveolens, C. annuum, and N. glutinosa but not from healthy leaves of B. suaveolens. The amplified RT-PCR product from TSWV-AT1 was directly sequenced using BigDye Termination kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Multiple alignment of the TSWV-AT1 NCP sequence (AB910533) with NCP sequences of other TSWV isolates using MEGA5 software (4) revealed 99.0% aa identity with an Korean TSWV isolate (AEB33895) originating from tomato. These results provide additional confirmation of TSWV-AT1 infection. It is known that high-value ornamentals may act also as reservoirs for TSWV that can infect other ornamentals and cultivated crops, because TSWV has a very broad host range (2). Elaborate inspections for TSWV and other viruses are necessary for production of healthy B. suaveolens, since the popularity and economic importance of this ornamental plant is increasing. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TSWV in B. suaveolens in Korea. References: (1) Anonymous. OEPP/EPPO Bull. 34:271, 2004. (2) G. Parrella et al. J. Plant Pathol. 85:227, 2003. (3) B.-N. Chung et al. Plant Pathol. J. 28:87, 2012. (4) K. Tamura et al. Mol. Biol. Evol. 28:2731, 2011.

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Malina, Robert M., Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva, António J. Figueiredo, Renaat M. Philippaerts, Norikazu Hirose, Maria Eugenia Peña Reyes, Giulio Gilli, et al. "Correction to: Tanner–Whitehouse Skeletal Ages in Male Youth Soccer Players: TW2 or TW3?" Sports Medicine 48, no. 4 (November 21, 2017): 1029–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0827-7.

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Laprom, Amisa, Somrudee Nilthong, and Ekachai Chukeatirote. "Incidence of viruses infecting pepper in Thailand." Biomolecular Concepts 10, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2019-0021.

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AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the incidence, diversity and distribution of viruses infecting pepper (Capsicum spp.) in the central, northern and northeastern parts of Thailand. During a survey in 2016 - 2019, a total of 2,149 leaf samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic peppers were collected randomly from farmer’s fields, and preliminary tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using 7 antibodies specific for cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), tomato necrotic ringspot virus (TNRV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), potato virus Y (PVY), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and begomoviruses. Our data revealed that the incidence of the viruses infecting pepper in Thailand was high, accounting for nearly 70% (1,482 infected samples). The highest viral incidence was found in the central part (96%), followed by the north (74.4%) and the northeastern (52.8%), respectively. Begomoviruses, CMV, ChiVMV, and TNRV were detected in the samples at varying rates, whereas PVY, TMV, and TSWV were not detected. Of these, the most frequently found virus was Begomoviruses accounting for nearly 33%, with the highest rate (ca. 82%) in the central Provinces of Thailand. In addition, of the 1,482 infected samples, mixed infections among the four viruses were also found in 616 samples (ca. 42%), and CMV + ChiVMV (approximately 11%) was the most common mixed infection. This is the first report describing an occurrence of viruses in pepper of Thailand, and the results obtained have revealed that viruses infecting pepper are widespread, which may pose a threat to pepper production in Thailand.

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Lourenço, C. "Quarkonium production in pp collisions at 7 TeV." Nuclear Physics A 855, no. 1 (April 2011): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2011.02.035.

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Ryd, A. "Experience with CMS electronics in 7 TeV operation." Journal of Instrumentation 6, no. 01 (January 25, 2011): C01097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/6/01/c01097.

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11

Bai, Ting, Yuan-Yuan Guo, and Bao-Chun Li. "Dihadron Azimuthal Correlations inp-pCollisions atsNN=7 TeV andp-Pb Collisions atsNN=5.02 TeV." Advances in High Energy Physics 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/190714.

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The dihadron azimuthal correlations inp-pcollisions atsNN=7 TeV andp-Pb collisions atsNN=5.02 TeV are investigated in the framework of a multisource thermal model. The model can approximately describe the experimental results measured in the Large Hadron Collider. We find thepxamplitude of the source is magnified and the source translates along the direction.

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Wang, XiaoJuan, Hao Sun, and Xuan Luo. "Searches for the Anomalous FCNC Top-Higgs Couplings with Polarized Electron Beam at the LHeC." Advances in High Energy Physics 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4693213.

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We study the single top and Higgs associated productione-p→νet-→νehq-(h→bb-)in the top-Higgs FCNC couplings at the LHeC with the electron beam energy ofEe=60 GeV andEe=120 GeV and combination of a 7 TeV and 50 TeV proton beam. With the possibility ofe-beam polarization (pe=0,±0.6), we distinct the cut-based method and the multivariate analysis- (MVA-) based method and compare with the current experimental and theoretical limits. It is shown that the branching ratioBr(t→uh)can be probed to 0.113 (0.093%), 0.071 (0.057%), 0.030 (0.022%), and 0.024 (0.019%) with the cut-based (MVA-based) analysis at (Ep,Ee) = (7 TeV, 60 GeV), (Ep,Ee) = (7 TeV, 120 GeV), (Ep,Ee) = (50 TeV, 60 GeV), and (Ep,Ee) = (50 TeV, 120 GeV) beam energy and 1σlevel. With the possibility ofe-beam polarization, the expected limits can be probed down to 0.090 (0.073%), 0.056 (0.045%), 0.024 (0.018%), and 0.019 (0.015%), respectively.

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Ong, Z., E. Yuen, H. W. Ang, A. H. Chan, and C. H. Oh. "Intermittency in pseudorapidity space of pp collisions at √s $ \sqrt s $ = 7 TeV." EPJ Web of Conferences 206 (2019): 09004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920609004.

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The intermittency-type fluctuations in the pseudorapidity space of pp collisions at $ \sqrt s $ = 7 TeV done at the LHC is investigated, by analysing the scaling properties (exponents) of the factorial moments of the event multiplicity distributions in decreasing pseudorapidity bin size. It is found that the scaling behaviour persists in the $ \sqrt s $ = 7 TeV regime, indicating intermittent behaviour as observed previously in analyses done at lower energies [1,2]. Comparison is also made with the theoretical predictions of the Generalised Multiplicity Distribution (GMD) [3,4,6].

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Olimov, Khusniddin K., Akhtar Iqbal, and Samina Masood. "Systematic analysis of midrapidity transverse momentum spectra of identified charged particles in p + p collisions at (snn)1/2 = 2.76, 5.02, and 7 TeV at the LHC." International Journal of Modern Physics A 35, no. 27 (September 30, 2020): 2050167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x20501675.

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The experimental transverse momentum spectra of the charged pions and kaons, protons and antiprotons, produced at midrapidity in inelastic [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text], 5.02, and 7 TeV, measured by ALICE collaboration, are analyzed systematically using the thermodynamically consistent Tsallis distribution function as well as Hagedorn function with the embedded transverse flow. To compare directly the results obtained from combined (simultaneous) fits with the above theoretical model functions of midrapidity spectra of the charged pions and kaons, protons and antiprotons in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text], 5.02, and 7 TeV, we use the optimal identical fitting [Formula: see text] ranges [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text], 5.02, and 7 TeV. The parameter [Formula: see text] increases consistently for all the particle species with increasing [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] collisions from 2.76 to 5.02 TeV, remaining practically constant within fit errors in the collision energy range [Formula: see text] TeV, suggesting probably a saturation and limiting behavior of the [Formula: see text] value in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV. Approximate equality of the extracted nonextensivity parameter [Formula: see text] for the pions and kaons ([Formula: see text]) and relation [Formula: see text] are obtained in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text], 5.02, and 7 TeV. Very negligible transverse (radial) flow velocity (consistent with zero value within the fit errors) is obtained in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text], 5.02, and 7 TeV from fitting the [Formula: see text] distributions of the charged pions and kaons, protons and antiprotons with the Hagedorn formula with the embedded transverse flow in the selected optimal identical [Formula: see text] ranges as well as in the full measured [Formula: see text] ranges.

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Seydim, Atıf Can, Zeynep Banu Guzel-Seydim, Duygu Kumbul Doguc, M. Cagrı Savas, and Havva Nilgun Budak. "Effects of Grape Wine and Apple Cider Vinegar on Oxidative and Antioxidative Status in High Cholesterol-Fed Rats." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 6, no. 9 (September 30, 2016): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v6i9.285.

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Background: Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between the rates of free radical production and elimination via endogenous antioxidant mechanisms such as antioxidant enzymes; glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT). Antioxidants widely available in fruits, vegetables, seeds have been possessed a broad spectrum of biological, pharmacological and therapeutic properties against oxidative stress. Consumption of fruits and vegetables are essentials much as their products such as fruit juices, wines and vinegars, which contain significant amount of polyphenolic compounds. Vinegar is produced mainly from different varieties of wine by two fermentation process, ethanol and acetic acid fermentations. Followed by wine production there are mainly two vinegar production methods. One is surface also known as traditional method. The second method is submerging technique involving submerged culture where the oxygenation has been greatly improved (industrial method).Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the effects of grape and apple cider vinegar consumption against oxidative stress in high cholesterol-fed rats.Methods: Fifty-four male, adult Wistar albino rats were included in the study. Rats were divided into six groups of nine. 1 mL of 2.5% cholesterol (at 5pm) and 1 mL of different vinegar samples (at 9 am) were administered daily for 7 weeks by oral gavage. Control-diet group (CNT) received 1mL of normal saline solution concurrently with the experiment groups. Rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and blood samples were collected. The erythrocyte samples were washed three times in normal saline (0.9%, v/w) and then hemolyzed with 2mL of cold bidistillated water. CAT activity was measured following the method of Aebi. MDA was determined by the double heating method of Draper and Hadley. GSH-Px activity was measured according to the method of Paglia and Valentine [19]. SOD activity was analyzed according to the method of Woolliams et al.[20] Both were analyzed in Beckmann Coulter AU 5800 autoanalyzer by using RANDOX kits (Randox Laboratories Ltd. Ardmore, Crumlin, UK). Vinegars were obtained after the grape and apple vinegar fermentations using surface culture method and industrial submerge methods. Grape and apple juices were immediately inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (0.02%) for ethanol fermentation for 30 day at 25°C. After the completion of the ethanol fermentation, acetic acid fermentation of wines was initiated with the addition of two-year aged vinegar (1:3 ratio) using surface technique at 25°C and continued for 60 days at 25°C.Vinegars produced by the industrial submerge method for 24 hours at 25°Cwere transported to theDepartment of Food Engineering laboratories from the Carl Kuhne Vinegar Plant located in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Total antioxidant activity of vinegar samples were measured by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethlybenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) methods.Results: Levels of CAT, GSH-Px, SOD in CHCNT group were significantly decreased while MDA levels were significantly increased when compared to CNT group. Levels of MDA which is the end-product of lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in the apple cider vinegar administered groups (TAV and IAV) when compared to the CHCNT (P<0.05). MDA levels of grape wine vinegar administered groups were decreased (TGV, IGV), however the difference was not significant. GSH-Px levels were significantly increased in both TGV and TAV groups, which were fed with the vinegars produced by traditional surface methods (P=0.03, P=0.001 respectively) as compared to the CHCNT. GSH-Px levels of rats fed with vinegars produced with industrial submerge methods (IGV, IAV), showed no significant difference when compared to CHCNT group. SOD levels of TGV, IGV, TAV, IAV were significantly increased as compared to CHCNT group (p<0.05). TEAC and ORAC values of vinegar samples (TGV and TAV) produced with surface methods were higher than other samples. ORAC and TEAC values of TAV sample was 5.89 µmol trolox/ml and 5.5 mM, respectively.Conclusions: Present research showed that high cholesterol diet increased lipid peroxidation and consumed the antioxidant enzymes. Although the degree of the effect of vinegars on antioxidant enzyme activity differs, the use of vinegar especially the ones produced by surface culture methods have seem to have favorable effect in vivo. These findings are in concordance with the ORAC and TEAC values of vinegars.Keywords: Oxidative stress, grape vinegar, apple cider vinegar, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT)

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Van Hulse, C. "Central Exclusive Production at LHCb." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 64, no. 7 (September 17, 2019): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe64.7.595.

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The LHCb collaboration has measured central exclusive production of J/ф, ф(2S), and ϒ mesons as well as J/фJ/ф, J/фф(2S), ф(2S)ф(2S), and xcxc meson pairs in proton-proton collisions. The analyses of ϒ and charmonium pairs are performed at the centre-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and 8 TeV, and those of J/ф and ф(2S) are done at 7 TeV and 13 TeV. The analysis at 13 TeV involves the use of new shower counters. These allow a reduction in the background by vetoing events with activity in an extended region in rapidity. The measurements of central exclusive production at LHCb are sensitive to gluon distributions for Bjorken-x values down to 2×10−6 (at 13 TeV). An overview of the LHCb results is presented and compared to existing measurements of other experiments and theoretical calculations.

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Kim, Hyunyong, Jason Sang Hun Lee, and Inkyu Park. "Monte Carlo updates on color coherence at 7 TeV." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 70, no. 5 (March 2017): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.70.465.

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Roy, Debarati. "Hadronic event shapes in pp collisions at 7 TeV." Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 273-275 (April 2016): 2736–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2015.10.047.

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Liu, Fu-Ming, and Klaus Werner. "On QGP formation in pp collisions at 7 TeV." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 38, no. 12 (November 10, 2011): 124183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/38/12/124183.

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Görner, Martin. "Measurement of Differential tt̄ Cross Sections at 7 TeV." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 452 (July 30, 2013): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/452/1/012027.

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Matthews, Brenda C., Paul G. Kalas, and Mark C. Wyatt. "Mass and Temperature of the TWA 7 Debris Disk." Astrophysical Journal 663, no. 2 (July 10, 2007): 1103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/518643.

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Lee, Graham Richard. "Resonance Production in = 7 TeV pp collisions with ALICE." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 509 (May 7, 2014): 012086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/509/1/012086.

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Choquet, Élodie, Marshall D. Perrin, Christine H. Chen, Rémi Soummer, Laurent Pueyo, James B. Hagan, Elena Gofas-Salas, et al. "FIRST IMAGES OF DEBRIS DISKS AROUND TWA 7, TWA 25, HD 35650, AND HD 377." Astrophysical Journal 817, no. 1 (January 14, 2016): L2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/817/1/l2.

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Powers, Jason G., Tim L. Sit, Feng Qu, T. Jack Morris, Kook-Hyung Kim, and Steven A. Lommel. "A Versatile Assay for the Identification of RNA Silencing Suppressors Based on Complementation of Viral Movement." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 21, no. 7 (July 2008): 879–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-21-7-0879.

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The cell-to-cell movement of Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) in Nicotiana benthamiana requires the presence of its coat protein (CP), a known suppressor of RNA silencing. RNA transcripts of a TCV construct containing a reporter gene (green fluorescent protein) (TCV-sGFP) in place of the CP open reading frame generated foci of three to five cells. TCV CP delivered in trans by Agrobacterium tumefaciens infiltration potentiated movement of TCV-sGFP and increased foci diameter, on average, by a factor of four. Deletion of the TCV movement proteins in TCV-sGFP (construct TCVΔ92-sGFP) abolished the movement complementation ability of TCV CP. Other known suppressors of RNA silencing from a wide spectrum of viruses also complemented the movement of TCV-sGFP when delivered in trans by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. These include suppressors from nonplant viruses with no known plant movement function, demonstrating that this assay is based solely on RNA silencing suppression. While the TCV-sGFP construct is primarily used as an infectious RNA transcript, it was also subcloned for direct expression from Agrobacterium tumefaciens for simple quantification of suppressor activity based on fluorescence levels in whole leaves. Thus, this system provides the flexibility to assay for suppressor activity in either the cytoplasm or nucleus, depending on the construct employed.

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Murphy, John F., H. Tucker Hallmark, Thiruvarangan Ramaraj, Anitha Sundararajan, Faye Schilkey, and Aaron M. Rashotte. "Three Strains of Tobacco etch virus Distinctly Alter the Transcriptome of Apical Stem Tissue in Capsicum annuum during Infection." Viruses 13, no. 5 (April 23, 2021): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13050741.

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Tobacco etch virus (TEV; genus Potyvirus) is flexuous rod shaped with a single molecule of single-stranded RNA and causes serious yield losses in species in the Solanaceae. Three TEV strains (HAT, Mex21, and N) are genetically distinct and cause different disease symptoms in plants. Here, a transcriptomic RNA sequencing approach was taken for each TEV strain to evaluate gene expression of the apical stem segment of pepper plants during two stages of disease development. Distinct profiles of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were identified for each TEV strain. DEG numbers increased with degree of symptom severity: 24 from HAT, 1190 from Mex21, and 4010 from N. At 7 days post-inoculation (dpi), when systemic symptoms were similar, there were few DEGs for HAT- and Mex21-infected plants, whereas N-infected plants had 2516 DEGs. DEG patterns from 7 to 14 dpi corresponded to severity of disease symptoms: milder disease with smaller DEG changes for HAT and Mex21 and severe disease with larger DEG changes for N. Strikingly, in each of these comparisons, there are very few overlapping DEGs among the TEV strains, including no overlapping DEGs between all three strains at 7 or 14 dpi.

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Celeste Fionda, Fiorella Maria. "Energy and multiplicity dependence of strange and non-strange particle production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC with ALICE." EPJ Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 19004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817119004.

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The study of energy and multiplicity dependence of hadron production in proton-proton collisions provides a powerful tool to understand similarities and differences between small and large colliding systems. In this work we present mid-rapidity measurements of the pT spectra and yields of identified hadrons, namely pions, kaons, protons, K0S, Ξ, Ω and in pp collisions at √s = 7 and 13 TeV. The comparison of results at √s = 13 TeV to earlier results at 7 TeV provides insights about the energy dependence of the strangeness enhancement. Comparisons between data and expectations from commonly-used Monte Carlo event generators will be presented.

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Weel, André. "Uw TBV." Tijdschrift voor bedrijfs- en verzekeringsgeneeskunde 18, no. 1 (January 2010): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12498-010-0002-7.

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Sharman, Murray, Denis M. Persley, and John E. Thomas. "Distribution in Australia and Seed Transmission of Tobacco streak virus in Parthenium hysterophorus." Plant Disease 93, no. 7 (July 2009): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-7-0708.

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Tobacco streak virus (TSV) was found to commonly occur in Parthenium hysterophorus, as symptomless infections, in central Queensland, Australia across a large area infested with this weed. Several isolates of TSV collected across the geographic range of P. hysterophorus were found to share identical coat protein sequence with each other and with TSV from crop plants in the same area. Seed transmission of TSV in P. hysterophorus was found to occur at rates of 6.8 to 48%. There was almost no change in the rate of TSV seed transmission when P. hysterophorus seed was stored for up to 24½ months. Implications of this relationship between TSV and P. hysterophorus for the development of virus disease epidemics in surrounding crops are discussed.

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Schmidt, L., B. E. O. Jensen, A. Walker, V. Keitel-Anselmino, V. di Cristanziano, M. Böhm, E. Knops, et al. "Torque Teno Virus plasma level as novel biomarker of retained immunocompetence in HIV-infected patients." Infection 49, no. 3 (February 3, 2021): 501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-020-01573-7.

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Abstract Purpose To predict the course of immune recovery (IR) in HIV-1-infected patients after initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) by determination of the plasma concentration of Torque Teno Virus (TTV). TTV has been identified as marker for risk assessment in immunosuppressed patients after transplantation procedures. Here, TTV was analyzed in HIV-1-infected therapy-naïve patients to evaluate its use as predictor of the course of IR for guidance of individualized treatment. Methods TTV DNA was quantified in plasma samples of 301 therapy-naïve HIV-1-infected patients and correlated to CD4+ cell count, HIV viral load, presence of the herpes viruses CMV, EBV and HHV-8, age and sex. Patients were classified according to their initial CD4+ cell count and to the extent of CD4+ T-cell increase within the first year of cART. Results TTV DNA was detectable in 96% of the patients’ plasma samples with a median TTV plasma concentration of 5.37 log10 cop/ml. The baseline CD4+ cell count was negatively correlated with TTV plasma concentration (p = 0.003). In patients with a CD4+ cell recovery < 50 cells/µl, the median TTV plasma concentration was significantly higher compared to patients with a CD4+ cell recovery of > 200 CD4+ cells/µl (5.68 log10 cop/ml versus 4.99 log10 cop/ml; p = 0.011). TTV plasma concentration in combination with baseline CD4+ cell count were significantly correlated to CD4+ cell recovery (p = 0.004). For all other parameters considered, no significant correlation for CD4+ cell recovery was found. Conclusion Within the cohort, the significantly elevated TTV plasma concentration in patients with diminished CD4+ cell recovery indicates a more profound immune defect. Baseline TTV plasma concentrations and CD4+ cell count are predictive for the course of immune recovery in HIV-1-infected patients with severe immunodeficiency.

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Yoga, K. P., R. Jerlin ., and M. Ameer Junaithal. "Standardization of Dormancy Induction Treatments in Groundnut cv. TMV 7." Research Journal of Seed Science 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjss.2014.21.25.

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Aaij, R., C. Abellan Beteta, A. Adametz, B. Adeva, M. Adinolfi, C. Adrover, A. Affolder, et al. "Prompt charm production in pp collisions at s=7 TeV." Nuclear Physics B 871, no. 1 (June 2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2013.02.010.

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Kaczmarska, A. "Tau reconstruction and identification with 7 TeV collisions in ATLAS." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 218, no. 1 (September 2011): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2011.06.044.

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Acharya, S., F. T. Acosta, D. Adamová, A. Adler, J. Adolfsson, M. M. Aggarwal, G. Aglieri Rinella, et al. "Measuring KS0K± interactions using pp collisions at s=7 TeV." Physics Letters B 790 (March 2019): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2018.12.033.

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Olofsson, J., R. G. van Holstein, A. Boccaletti, M. Janson, P. Thébault, R. Gratton, C. Lazzoni, et al. "Resolving faint structures in the debris disk around TWA 7." Astronomy & Astrophysics 617 (September 2018): A109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832583.

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Context. Debris disks are the intrinsic by-products of the star and planet formation processes. Most likely due to instrumental limitations and their natural faintness, little is known about debris disks around low mass stars, especially when it comes to spatially resolved observations. Aims. We present new VLT/SPHERE IRDIS dual-polarization imaging (DPI) observations in which we detect the dust ring around the M2 spectral type star TWA 7. Combined with additional angular differential imaging observations we aim at a fine characterization of the debris disk and setting constraints on the presence of low-mass planets. Methods. We modeled the SPHERE DPI observations and constrain the location of the small dust grains, as well as the spectral energy distribution of the debris disk, using the results inferred from the observations, and performed simple N-body simulations. Results. We find that the dust density distribution peaks at ~0.72′′ (25 au), with a very shallow outer power-law slope, and that the disk has an inclination of ~13° with a position angle of ~91° east of north. We also report low signal-to-noise ratio detections of an outer belt at a distance of ~1.5′′ (~52 au) from the star, of a spiral arm in the southern side of the star, and of a possible dusty clump at 0.11′′. These findings seem to persist over timescales of at least a year. Using the intensity images, we do not detect any planets in the close vicinity of the star, but the sensitivity reaches Jovian planet mass upper limits. We find that the SED is best reproduced with an inner disk at ~0.2′′ (~7 au) and another belt at 0.72′′ (25 au). Conclusions. We report the detections of several unexpected features in the disk around TWA 7. A yet undetected 100M⊕ planet with a semi-major axis at 20−30 au could possibly explain the outer belt as well as the spiral arm. We conclude that stellar winds are unlikely to be responsible for the spiral arm.

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ZEVI DELLA PORTA, GIOVANNI. "W+jets in pp collisions at 7 TeV with ATLAS." Pramana 79, no. 4 (October 2012): 907–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12043-012-0398-y.

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SENGUPTA, DIPAN. "Event shape variables in supersymmetry searches at 7 TeV LHC." Pramana 79, no. 5 (November 2012): 1313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12043-012-0454-7.

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Nicholson, B. A., G. Hussain, J.-F. Donati, D. Wright, C. P. Folsom, R. Wittenmyer, J. Okumura, and B. D. Carter. "The surface magnetic activity of the weak-line T Tauri stars TWA 7 and TWA 25." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 2461–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab879.

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ABSTRACT We present an analysis of spectropolarimetric observations of the low-mass weak-line T Tauri stars TWA 25 and TWA 7. The large-scale surface magnetic fields have been reconstructed for both stars using the technique of Zeeman Doppler imaging. Our surface maps reveal predominantly toroidal and non-axisymmetric fields for both stars. These maps reinforce the wide range of surface magnetic fields that have been recovered, particularly in pre-main sequence stars that have stopped accreting from the (now depleted) central regions of their discs. We reconstruct the large scale surface brightness distributions for both stars, and use these reconstructions to filter out the activity-induced radial velocity jitter, reducing the RMS of the radial velocity variations from 495 to 32 m s −1 for TWA 25, and from 127 to 36 m s −1 for TWA 7, ruling out the presence of close-in giant planets for both stars. The TWA 7 radial velocities provide an example of a case where the activity-induced radial velocity variations mimic a Keplerian signal that is uncorrelated with the spectral activity indices. This shows the usefulness of longitudinal magnetic field measurements in identifying activity-induced radial velocity variations.

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REDLINGER, G. "SEARCHES FOR SUPERSYMMETRY WITH THE ATLAS DETECTOR." Modern Physics Letters A 27, no. 32 (October 11, 2012): 1230033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732312300339.

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This is a review of searches for supersymmetry (SUSY) with the ATLAS detector in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The review covers results that have been published, or submitted for publication, up to September 2012, many of which cover the full 7 TeV data-taking period. No evidence for SUSY has been seen; some possibilities for future directions are discussed.

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Ishimura, Yoshimasa, Fumio Chatani, and Shuzo Sato. "Characterization of Hydronephrosis in Neonatal Rats from Dams Receiving Candesartan Cilexetil (TCV-116), an Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Antagonist." International Journal of Toxicology 18, no. 6 (November 1999): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158199225071.

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The characteristics and mechanisms of hydronephrosis in neonatal rats induced by candesartan cilexetil (TCV-116), a potent angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor antagonist, were examined. TCV-116 (300 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to dams for 4 weeks from gestation day 15 through lactation day 21. On lactation days 0, 4, 7, 14, and 22, the kidneys of the pups were examined. Hydronephrosis was observed starting on lactation day 14 accompanied by other histological changes, atrophy of the renal papillary tubules, dilatation of the renal tubules, and basophilic renal tubules in the cortex. These changes could also be observed at 10 weeks of age, 7 weeks after the last dose was administered. These renal structural abnormalities were consistent with that seen in other renin-angiotensin system antagonists. TCV-116 (300 mg/kg/day) was then administered to dams for four separate 1-week periods: gestation days 15 through 21, lactation days 0 to 6, lactation days 7 to 13, and lactation days 14 to 21. Pups were most susceptible to the induction of hydronephrosis when TCV-116 was administered from lactation days 0 to 6 and lactation days 7 to 13. The increased incidence of hydronephrosis and renal histological changes in the pups was prevented by administering mineralocorticoid, deoxycorticosterone acetate (10 mg/kg/day), subcutaneously to the pups from lactation days 7 to 13. Also, plasma aldosterone concentration in the pups was decreased after three daily treatments of TCV-116, accompanied by the increased plasma potassium concentration and urine Na/K ratio and the decreased urine osmolality. Therefore, we considered that the development of hydronephrosis in pups is closely related to the AngII blockade for the first 2 weeks after birth, and the reduction of aldosterone secretion by the inhibition of AngII leads to the disorder of the sodium and potassium homeostasis in neonates, and subsequent increase in urine volume may be involved in the mechanisms of hydronephrosis. We conclude that the hydronephrosis was caused by the sodium imbalance resulted from the pharmacological action of TCV-116 during the neonatal period.

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Norman, Jaime. "Charmed meson and baryon measurements in pp and p–Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC." EPJ Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 18012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817118012.

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We present here recent open heavy-flavour results from the ALICE experiment, including measurements of D-meson, ⋀c baryon and Ξc0 baryon production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV and p–Pb collisions at [see formula in PDF] = 5.02 TeV.

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GANGULY, SANMAY, and MONORANJAN GUCHAIT. "JET CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS IN CMS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 28, no. 20 (August 7, 2013): 1330030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x13300305.

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The Large Hadron Collider experiment has successfully completed data taking at center-of-mass energy 7 TeV in 2011 and very recently for 8 TeV. Measurements of cross-sections predicted by the standard model were the main tasks in the beginning. The inclusive jet cross-section and dijet mass measurement are already done at 7 TeV energy by Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector with integrated luminosity 5 fb-1. In these measurement, one needs to understand and measure precisely the kinematic properties of jets which involve many theoretical and experimental issues. The goal of this paper is to discuss all these issues including jet measurements in CMS and subsequently review the inclusive jet cross-section and dijet mass measurement in CMS at 7 TeV with integrated luminosity 5 fb-1. The measurements, after unfolding the data, are also compared with the next-to-leading-order theory predictions, corrected for the nonperturbative effects, for five different sets of parton distribution functions. It is observed that the measurements, for both cases, agree with the theory prediction within ~8–10% depending on transverse momentum (pT) and dijet invariant mass (Mjj) of jets.

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Wang, W. Y., H. P. Lau, Q. Leong, A. H. Chan, and C. H. Oh. "Asymptotic Analysis of the parton branching equation at LHC Energies." EPJ Web of Conferences 172 (2018): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817201006.

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An asymptotic solution to the QCD parton branching equation is derived using the method of Laplace transformation and saddle point approximation. The distribution is applied to charged particle multiplicity distributions in proton-proton collisions at √s = 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV for |ƞ| < 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.4, and 8 TeV for |ƞ| < 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, as well as 13 TeV data for |ƞ| < 0.8 and 2.5.

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Fu, Hui-Chuan, Jer-Ming Hu, Ting-Hsuan Hung, Hong-Ji Su, and Hsin-Hung Yeh. "Unusual Events Involved in Banana bunchy top virus Strain Evolution." Phytopathology® 99, no. 7 (July 2009): 812–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-99-7-0812.

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Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) can be transmitted by aphids and consists of at least six integral components (DNA-R, -U3, -S, -M, -C, and -N). Several additional replication-competent components (additional Reps) are associated with some BBTV isolates. A collected BBTV strain (TW3) that causes mild symptoms was selected to study the processes in BBTV evolution. Southern blot hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and real-time PCR did not detect DNA-N in TW3. Real-time PCR quantification of BBTV components revealed that, except for the copy number of TW3 DNA-U3, each detected integral component of BBTV TW3 was at least two orders lower than that of the severe strains. No infection was observed in plants inoculated with aphids, which were first given acquisition access to the TW3-infected banana leaves. Recombination analysis revealed recombination between the integral component TW3 DNA-U3 and the additional Rep DNA-Y. All BBTV integral components contain a replication initiation region (stem-loop common region) that share high sequence identity. Sequence alignment revealed that TW3 DNA-R, -S, -M, and -C all have a stem-loop common region containing a characteristic 9-nucleotide deletion found only in all reported DNA-N. Our data suggest that the additional Rep DNAs can serve as sources of additional genetic diversity for integral BBTV components.

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Adkins, Scott, M. Timur Momol, Hank Dankers, Stuart Reitz, and Stephen Olson. "First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Tomatillo in Florida." Plant Health Progress 7, no. 1 (January 2006): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2006-0607-03-br.

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In the spring of 2004 and 2005, symptoms similar to those induced by the thrips-vectored Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) were observed on tomatillo in cultivated fields in Gadsden county and experimental plots in Leon county, both in northern Florida. Presence of TSWV was confirmed. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of TSWV on tomatillo in Florida. Accepted for publication 8 May 2006. Published 7 June 2006.

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Pappu, S. S., H. R. Pappu, A. K. Culbreath, and J. W. Todd. "Localization of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (Genus Tospovirus, Family Bunyaviridae) in Peanut Pods." Peanut Science 26, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-26-2-7.

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Abstract The localization of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV, genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae) in peanut pods was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using TSWV specific antibodies. Pods were collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic fieldgrown plants. All the plants were tested by ELISA for presence or absence of TSWV infection. Normal and abnormal looking pods from symptomatic plants were assayed by ELISA. Each pod was divided into shell, testa, and cotyledons. All of the shell and testa samples of both normal and abnormal pods from symptomatic plants were positive for TSWV, whereas TSWV could not be detected in the cotyledons. Similar results were observed by polymerase chain reaction, except that the cotyledons occasionally had a TSWV-specific sequence. No virus could be detected in any part of the pod collected from asymptomatic, virus-free plants. In growout tests of seed from both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants, none of the plants showed TSWV infection when assayed by ELISA. Results demonstrated the preferential accumulation of the virus in the shell and testa.

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Chatrchyan, S., V. Khachatryan, A. M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, E. Aguilo, T. Bergauer, et al. "Search for heavy narrow dilepton resonances in pp collisions at s=7 TeV and s=8 TeV." Physics Letters B 720, no. 1-3 (March 2013): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.02.003.

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47

Verschoor, Ernst J., Susan Langenhuijzen, and Jonathan L. Heeney. "TT viruses (TTV) of non-human primates and their relationship to the human TTV genotypes." Journal of General Virology 80, no. 9 (September 1, 1999): 2491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-80-9-2491.

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Sera from eight different non-human primate species, in total 216 samples, were analysed for the presence of TT virus (TTV) sequences. A very high incidence of TTV infection was found in sera from both common chimpanzees and pygmy chimpanzees, 48·8% and 66·7%, respectively. Sequence analysis of PCR fragments from two pygmy chimpanzees and seven common chimpanzees resulted in a total of 14 different TTV sequences. Phylogenetic analysis, including human TTV of all known genotypes, revealed that: (i) TTV from pygmy chimpanzees are closely related to viruses from human genotypes 2 and 3; (ii) TTV sequences obtained from common chimpanzees cluster together with human TTV genotypes 5 and 6, the latter only at the protein level; (iii) TTV from the common chimpanzee subspecies Pan troglodytes verus and Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii cluster together, suggesting an ancient host–pathogen relationship before subspeciation 1·6 million years ago; and (iv) TTV of common and pygmy chimpanzees may have been acquired by these animals in different zoonotic events not longer than 2·5 million years ago.

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Okazaki, Shinichiro, Mitsuru Okuda, Kazuhiro Komi, Hideaki Yoshimatsu, and Toru Iwanami. "Overwintering Viruliferous Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) as an Infection Source of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Green Pepper Fields." Plant Disease 91, no. 7 (July 2007): 842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-7-0842.

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Populations of overwintering viruliferous Frankliniella occidentalis were evaluated in Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)-affected green pepper fields in Bungo-Ohno City, Oita Prefecture, Japan. A survey of TSWV-infected weeds showed that the incidence of infection was low in weeds. Stellaria aquatica was infected frequently; however, the infections were considered secondary cases since S. aquatica appeared in the fields around late February to early March. In contrast, TSWV was frequently detected from green pepper fruits until they rotted. F. occidentalis primarily inhabited and reproduced on the green pepper fruits and moved to Lamium amplexicaule when the fruits rotted and subsequently spread to other weed species as young shoots or flowers appeared. The flying activity level of F. occidentalis rose in late February, and viruliferous F. occidentalis transmitted TSWV to green pepper plants. We concluded that TSWV-infected green pepper fruits discarded in greenhouses and fields are the major source of infection.

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Hayashi, Naoki, Naoki Atsuta, Daichi Yokoi, Ryoichi Nakamura, Masahiro Nakatochi, Masahisa Katsuno, Yuishin Izumi, et al. "Prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients undergoing tracheostomy invasive ventilation therapy in Japan." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 3 (January 14, 2020): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-322213.

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to describe and clarify the factors affecting the prognosis of Japanese patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) undergoing tracheostomy invasive ventilation (TIV) therapy.MethodsWe conducted a prospective longitudinal observational case-control study using a multicentre registry. ALS patients who started TIV therapy after registration (TIV group) and those who did not receive TIV (non-TIV group) were included. We compared the survival time between the TIV group and the non-TIV group using a propensity score matching analysis and evaluated the prognostic factors in the TIV group.ResultsFrom February 2006 to January 2018, 190 patients in the TIV group and 1093 patients in the non-TIV group were included in this study. The mean age of disease onset and usage rate of gastrostomy and non-invasive ventilation therapy differed between the groups. In the propensity score matching analysis using known prognostic factors, the median overall survival time of the TIV group was significantly greater than that of the non-TIV group (11.33 years vs 4.61 years; p<0.001). Analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model suggested that older age of onset and respiratory onset was an independent factor for poor prognosis after starting TIV therapy.ConclusionWe showed that there was a significant difference of approximately 7 years in life expectancy between Japanese ALS patients who did and did not receive TIV therapy.

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Prendiville, Stephen, Kenneth D. Burman, Matthew D. Ringel, Barry M. Shmookler, Ziad E. Deeb, Katherine Wolfe, Norio Azumi, Leonard Wartofsky, and Roy B. Sessions. "Tall Cell Variant: An Aggressive Form of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 122, no. 3 (March 2000): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(00)70047-7.

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Twenty-four cases of the tall cell variant (TCV), a subset of papillary thyroid carcinoma, were identified in a group of 624 patients with thyroid cancer. All pathology specimens were reviewed, and each patient's carcinoma was categorized according to characteristics on presentation, local recurrence, distant metastases, follow-up, and tumor-related mortality. The TCV group was compared with a historical control group (Mazzaferri and Jhiang: 1355 patients). The TCV group had a statistically higher percentage of stage 3 and 4 carcinoma, extrathyroidal invasion, and tumor size less than 1.5 cm than the control group. There was no statistical relationship between age greater than 50 years and stage in the TCV group. No relationship could be found between TCV histology and recurrence or mortality. These findings, combined with those of studies that link stage on presentation to poor outcomes, have led to our conclusion that TCV is an aggressive malignancy warranting appropriate treatment and close follow-up.

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