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Shahnaz, Navid. "Multifrequenzy, multicomponent tympanometry in normal and otosclerotic ears." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23934.
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Nine tympanometric measures were examined in 68 normal ears and 14 ears with surgically confirmed otosclerosis. Two parameters, static admittance and tympanometric width, were derived from standard low frequency tympanometry and two parameters, resonant frequency and frequency corresponding to admittance phase angle of 45$ sp circ$ (F45$ sp circ),$ were derived from multifrequency, multicomponent tympanometry. The results show the advantage of multifrequency, multicomponent tympanometry over standard low frequency tympanometry in differentiating otosclerotic ears from normal ears. In particular, for identifying high impedance pathologies, the present findings support the use of sweep frequency (SF) recording for measuring resonant frequency and frequency corresponding to admittance phase angle of 45$ sp circ$ (F45$ sp circ)$ and positive tail compensation for measuring resonant frequency. The relationship among the measures obtained in this study also revealed that two distinct signs are evident in the patient group; (1) an increase in the stiffness of the middle ear best shown by F45$ sp circ$ measured using SF method, and (2) an increase in the sharpness of the tympanogram best shown by tympanometric width. The combination of F45$ sp circ$ measured using SF method and tympanometric width separated normal from otosclerotic ears better than any single measure used in this study.
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Sung, Lui, and 宋蕾. "Multifrequency tympanometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions in neonates." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251110.
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Sung, Lui. "Multifrequency tympanometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions in neonates /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22008342.
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Shahnaz, Navid. "Distinguishing otosclerotic ears from healthy ears using multifrequency and multicomponent tympanometry." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37837.
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The diagnostic utility of tympanometry with respect to distinguishing healthy and otosclerotic ears was investigated in four studies. This issue was examined with respect to alternative measures of static immittance (SI), tympanometric shape, resonant frequency (RF), and frequency corresponding to admittance phase angle of 45 degree (F45°) obtained from 68 healthy ears and 36 ears with surgically confirmed otosclerosis. Study 1 served to replicate previous findings that otosclerotic and healthy ears differ with respect to F45° and RF but not SI and TW measured at 226 Hz, thus confirming the advantage of multifrequency measures over standard low frequency tympanometric measures in differentiating healthy and otosclerotic ears. Studies 2 and 3 examined the effect of probe tone frequency on the diagnostic utility of SI and tympanometric shape. Group differences were evident for SI measured using a probe tone near the frequency corresponding to F45°, in the present study the optimal probe frequency was 630 Hz. Group differences were not evident for tympanometric width (TW) at 226 Hz, 350, and 450 Hz whereas the two groups differed in distribution of Vanhuyse patterns of 1B1G and 3B1G observed at frequencies between 800 Hz and 1250 Hz. In study 4 the diagnostic performance of five different tympanometric parameters was assessed using test performance and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results showed that F45° was the best single measure to distinguish healthy ears from otosclerotic ears; RF and SI measured at 630 Hz were the next best measures followed by Vanhuyse patterns; TW was the least useful measure. However, when compared using optimal decision criterion (derived from ROC analysis) differences in test performance for F45° and SI measured at 630 Hz were small suggesting that their clinical utility is comparable. Correlations and patterns of individual performance also confirm the presence of two independent signs of otoscle
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Ku, Jack Jek Kee. "High frequency (1000 Hz) tympanometry findings in newborn versus 3-week-old infants /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17884.pdf.
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Davis, Lindsey Brooke. "Efficacy of Audiologic and Otologic Outcome Measures to Predict Middle Ear Status." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1050962431.
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Lee, Juvy. "The utilization of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and tympanometry in hearing screening of hearing-impaired children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209983.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1999."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 14, 1999." Also available in print.
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Cai, Anika. "Longitudinal investigation of middle ear function using multi-frequency, multi-component tympanometry from birth to six months of age." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/19329.
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Objectives: The specific goals of this study were: 1) To understand the mechano-acoustical properties of the normal ear canal and middle ear and its maturation as a function of age using conventional and high frequency tympanometry 2) to establish tympanometric guidelines and normative data of the normal ear canal and middle ear in infants birth to 6 months of age. Design: Thirty-one normal hearing newborns were tested longitudinally in 1-month intervals up to 6 months of age for a total of 6 visits. Tympanograms were recorded and the distributions of patterns were analyzed using the Vanhuyse model at 226 Hz, 678 Hz, and 1000 Hz. Additionally, tympanometric recordings of admittance (Ya), susceptance (Ba), and conductance (Ga) were analyzed at 226 Hz and 1000 Hz probe tones. Lastly, the variation of compensated susceptance and conductance were recorded at extended frequencies from 250-2000 Hz in 50 Hz intervals for 16 infants. Results: Results showed that 1000 Hz tympanograms were the simplest to quantify as most recordings were single-peaked. 226 Hz and 678 Hz recordings were often multi-peaked. Both positive and negative admittance and susceptance tail values increased with age for 226 Hz and 1000 Hz. However, tail values at 1000 Hz increased faster than for 226 Hz. Negative tail values were smaller compared to positive tail values which resulted in smaller compensated admittance values for the positive tails compared to negative tails across all 6 visits. Admittance magnitude decreased with age at 226 Hz as susceptance increased and conductance decreased. However, at 1000 Hz, admittance magnitude increased as susceptance remained relatively constant and conductance increase. Conclusion: Results suggest that the infant middle ear and ear canal develop towards compliance with age although is not yet a purely acoustically compliant system by 6 months of age, particularly at high frequencies. An increase in volume in the middle ear cavity, reduction of middle ear debris, and overall decrease in resistive elements may be contributing to these changes. Significant differences were observed between each visit and warrant the use of age-specific norms when applying tympanometric data to infants below 6 months of age.
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Fontes, Camila de Cássia Macedo. "Utilização de instrumento informatizado na avaliação da audição de lactentes com anomalias craniofaciais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-13012015-165417/.
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Objetivos: Verificar a aplicabilidade de um procedimento de avaliação comportamental da audição em crianças com fissura labiopalatina, no que se refere ao tempo de duração da avaliação; ao número total de estímulos; ao número de estímulo controle e ao número de interrupções e, verificar os níveis mínimos de resposta auditiva destas crianças. Modelo: Estudo transverso Local de execução: Setor de Fonoaudiologia, Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais, USP, Bauru. Participantes: Oitenta pacientes com fissura labiopalatina ou palatina, de ambos os gêneros, idade entre seis e vinte quatro meses, subdivididos em grupos etários: Grupo I 7 meses a 11 meses 29 dias (n= 12); Grupo II 12 meses a 17 meses 29 dias (n= 31); Grupo III 18 meses a 24 meses (n= 37). Intervenções: Entrevista audiológica, inspeção visual do meato acústico externo, avaliação eletroacústica (timpanometria nas frequências 226 Hz e 1000 Hz, emissões otoacústicas transientes) e audiometria de reforço visual informatizada em campo livre. Resultados: A média do nível mínimo de audição foi de 36 dB em todas as frequências para o Grupo I, 32 dB para o Grupo II e 31 dB para o Grupo III. Observou-se que os Grupos I e II tiveram maiores níveis mínimos de audição que o Grupo III. O Grupo I necessitou de maior número de estímulos totais, apresentando cansaço, agitação e tempo de atenção reduzido sendo necessário maior número de interrupções no exame, um tempo de duração do exame maior e uma menor porcentagem de controles corretos. Conclusão: A avaliação realizada por meio do ARVI permite estimar a audição de crianças na faixa etária de 7 a 24 meses em uma única sessão, em curto período de tempo, sem a necessidade de um segundo examinador durante a realização do exame.Aim: Verify the applicability of a procedure for behavioral auditory of hearing in children with cleft lip and palate, with regard to the duration of the evaluation; the total number of stimuli; the number of stimulus control and the number of interruptions and verify the minimum levels of auditory response of these children. Model: Cross-sectional Location: Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, USP, Bauru. Participants: Eighty subjects with cleft lip and palate or palate, both genders, aged between seven and twenty-four. Interventions: anamneses, otoscopy, multifrequency tympanometry, evoked otoacustic emissions and intelligent visual reinforcement audiometry. Results: The mean of the minimum hearing level was 36 dB at all frequencies for Group I, 32 dB to Group II and 31 dB to Group III. We observed that Groups I and II had higher \"minimum levels\" of hearing that the Group III. Group I needed a greater number of total trials, showing tiredness, restlessness and short attention span and need more breaks in the examination, duration of greater examination and a lower percentage of correct controls. Conclusion: The assessment carried out by the IVRA allows estimating the hearing of children aged 7-24 months in a single session, in short time, without the need of a second examiner during the examination.
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Macedo, Camila de Cassia. "Timpanometria em lactentes com fissura labiopalatina utilizando sonda de multifrequência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-29072010-102449/.
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Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever, comparar e analisar as características dos achados timpanométricos com sonda de tom prova nas frequências de 226 Hz, 678 Hz e 1000 Hz. Modelo: Estudo transverso Local de execução: Setor de Fonoaudiologia, Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais, USP, Bauru. Participantes: Sessenta e oito pacientes com fissura labiopalatina, sem cirurgia prévia, de ambos os sexos, idade entre três e doze meses. Intervenções: anamnese, otoscopia e timpanometria de multifrequência. Resultados: Devido ao efeito de oclusão foi obtido 136 timpanogramas para a sonda de 226 Hz, 94 timpanogramas para a sonda de 678Hz e 135 timpanogramas para a sonda de 1000 Hz, em um total de 365 timpanogramas. A curva que demonstra maior ocorrência é a de Pico Único, isto nas três frequências de sonda: 79,41% em 226 Hz, 40,42% em 678 Hz e 37,04% em 1000 Hz. A curva de PD foi encontrada apenas nas frequências de 678 Hz e 1000 Hz com ocorrência de 5,32% e 1,48% respectivamente. O mesmo aconteceu com as curvas ASS e INV, sendo visualizadas 7,45% em 678 Hz; 8,89% em 1000 Hz para a curva ASS e 21,28% em 678 Hz, 24,44% em 1000 Hz para curva INV. A curva PL ocorreu em todas as freqüências de tom de sonda com porcentagem de 20,59%, 25,53%, 28,15% para as sonda de 226 Hz, 678 Hz e 1000 Hz, respectivamente. Conclusão: Nos achados timpanométricos dos lactententes deste estudo foram encontrados diferentes tipos de curvas, que incluíram os tipos Pico Duplo (PD), Assimétrica (ASS), Invertida (INV) e Plana (PL). Os resultados mostraram maior ocorrência de curvas do tipo Pico Único (PU) na sonda de 1000 Hz, para sonda de 226 Hz a prevalência foi de curvas do tipo PU apresentando também curva Plana (P). A sonda de 678 Hz apresentou todos os tipos de curvas, com uma maior ocorrência da curva do tipo PU.Aim: This study aimed to describe, compare and analyze the characteristics of tympanometric findings with 226 Hz, 678 Hz and 1000 Hz tone probes. Model: Cross-sectional Location: Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, USP, Bauru. Participants: Sixty eight subjects with cleft lip and palate, non-operated, both genders, aged between three and twelve months. Interventions: anamneses, otoscopy and multifrequency tympanometry. Results: Given the occlusion effect, of 365 tympanograms, 136 were obtained for the 226 Hz probe, 94 for 678Hz and 135 for 1000 Hz probe. Single-peak curve was the most prevalent at the three probe frequencies: 79.41% at 226 Hz, 40.42% at 678 Hz and 37,04% at 1000 Hz. PD curve was found at 678 Hz and 1000 Hz occurring 5.32% and 1.48% respectively. ASS and INV curves were visualized 7, 45% at 678 Hz; 8,89% at 1000 Hz for ASS and 21,28% at 678 Hz, 24,44% at 1000 Hz for a INV curve. PL curve occurred in all frequencies at 20.59%, 25.53%, and 28.15% for the 226 Hz, 678 Hz and 1000 Hz probes, respectively. Conclusion: Different kinds of curves were found including: Double peak(DP), asymmetric (AS), inverted (INV) and plan (PL). Results indicated most prevalence of single-peak curves for 1000 Hz probe. The 226 Hz probe showed single-peak and plan curves as well. The 678 Hz probe showed all kinds of curves being the single-peak the most prevalent.
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Silva, Kilza de Arruda Lyra e. "Reflectância de banda larga em recém-nascidos: uso combinado de procedimentos eletroacústicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5162/tde-27022012-125953/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Os resultados da triagem auditiva neonatal podem ser afetados por condições transientes no meato acústico externo e na orelha média. A reflectância de banda larga (RBL) surge como um instrumento de diagnóstico que fornece medidas objetivas do estado da orelha média e pode explicar variações na forma de como a orelha média recebe, absorve e transmite a energia sonora. Dessa forma, a RBL apresenta um grande potencial para a detecção de alterações de orelha média em recém-nascidos. OBJETIVO: Verificar a correlação entre as medidas de reflectância da energia de banda larga com as medidas das emissões otoacústicas e as imitanciométricas em recém-nascidos. MÉTODO: Estudo de casos. Para este estudo foram avaliados 77 recém-nascidos (40 do sexo masculino e 37 do feminino) de idades entre 27 e 78h sem riscos para perda auditiva segundo o JCHI (2007), e com emissões otoacústicas presentes por estímulo transiente (EOAT). Foram submetidos ao teste das mediadas de EOAT, da reflectância da energia com os estímulos chirp e tom puro numa faixa de 0.2 a 6 kHz, e da timpanometria e reflexo acústico ipsilateral com as frequências da sonda de 226 e 1000 Hz. Os estímulos ativadores de 1000 e 2000 Hz e ruído de banda larga foram usados no reflexo acústico. RESULTADOS: Os resultados apontaram que os recém-nascidos com EAOT presentes revelaram uma configuração de curva da reflectância com característica peculiar da idade, ou seja, baixa reflectância na frequência de 6000 Hz. O timpanograma de curva do tipo A foi obtido em 90,2% das orelhas com a sonda de 1000 Hz, e com a sonda de 226 Hz a maioria (89%) das orelhas apresentaram curva do tipo pico duplo. A configuração da curva 3B/3G foi apresentada em 69,8% das orelhas na sonda de 226 Hz, e as configurações 1B/1G (43%) e 1B/1G S (27%) juntas foram obtidas em 70% das orelhas. Na sonda de 1000 Hz os recém-nascidos avaliados apresentaram 100% de presença dos reflexos acústicos ipsilaterais para estímulos ativadores de 2000 Hz e ruído branco. Não houve diferença significativa entre os resultados do sexo masculino e do feminino. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo demonstrou que a inter-relação entre o nível de amplitude das EOAT, a configuração timpanométrica B/G e a reflectância apresentou diferenças no comportamento por orelha. Algumas frequências e configurações B/G indicaram uma tendência da diminuição de EOAT com o aumento da reflectância. Dada a equivalência entre os estímulos chirp e tom puro, qualquer um pode ser usado para avaliação da orelha média em recém-nascidosINTRODUCTION: Newborn hearing screening test outcomes can be influenced by transient conditions in the ear canal and middle ear. Wideband reflectance (WBR) emerges as a diagnostic tool that provides objective measures of the status of the middle ear and can explain variations in how the middle ear receives, absorbs and transmits sound energy. Thus, the WRL has a great potential for the detection of middle ear disorders in newborns. OBJECTIVE: To verify the correlation between wideband reflectance power measurement with otoacoustic emissions and immittance measurement in newborns. METHOD: Case studies. This study evaluated 77 newborns (40 males and 37 females) aged from 27 to 78 hours without risk of hearing loss according to JCHI (2007), and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions present (TEOAE). The newborns underwent the test of TEOAE measurement, the power reflectance using both tone and chirp stimuli from 0.2 to 6 kHz, and 226 and 1000 Hz admittance probe-tone tympanometry and ipsilateral acoustic reflex. The stimuli triggers 1000 and 2000 Hz and broadband noise were used in the acoustic reflex. RESULTS: Results showed that newborns with EAOT present revealed a configuration of the reflectance curve, peculiar feature of the age, i.e., low reflectance in the frequency of 6000 Hz. Single-peaked tympanogram was obtained in 90.2% of ears using a 1000 Hz probe tone, and double-peaked tympanogram was found in 89% of the ears using a 226 Hz probe tone. The 3B/3G tympanograms were found in 69.8% of the ears at 226 Hz probe tone, and the tympanograms 1B/1G (43%) and 1B/1G S (27%) together were obtained in 70% of the ears. In the 1000 Hz probe tone newborns evaluated showed 100% presence of ipsilateral acoustic reflexes to activating stimuli of 2000 Hz and white noise. No significant differences were obtained across gender considering the results of all test evaluated in newborns. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the inter-relationship between the level of TEOAE amplitude, tympanometric configuration B/G and reflectance showed differences according in the ear. Some frequencies and configurations B/G indicated a trend of TEOAE decreasing of TEOAE with reflectance increasing. Given the equivalence between the tone and chirp stimuli, any of them can be used to evaluate the middle ear in newborns
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Pinto, Rafaela Roza. "Avaliação auditiva em um grupo de escolares da cidade de Salvador." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12136.
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Previous issue date: 2007-10-09Hearing disorders can seriously hinder the development of school-age children. Symptoms of these disorders can be confused with other pathologies, hindering diagnosis. The objective of the present research was to study the audiological findings of school age children from ages 6 to 10 years who have attended pre-school (literacy studies) to 4th grade elementary in a private school in the municipality of Salvador. Method: Eighty-six children were evaluated, using medical otoscopy/otorhinolaryngology, tonal audiometry and tympanometry, as well as a questionnaire directed to the parents. Results: The otoscopy, done in 172 ears, showed that 41 ears (23.84%) presented partial or total impediment in the external acoustic meatus, making further examination impossible. Of the ears with impediments, 4 children (2.33%) showed alterations only in the right ear, 7 children (4.07%), only in the left ear and 15 children (17.44%) in both. In the audiometric evaluation, 163 ears (94.77%) were within normal range and 9 (5.23%) showed tympanic alterations. Of these, 5 (55.55%) were in the left ear and 4 (44.45%) in the right ear; 2.33% (4 ears) presented bilateral type "B" curves, 2.33% (4 ears) bilateral type "C" curves and 0.58% (1 ear) unilateral type "C" curves to the left. These same children presented alterations in the audiometry as well as the tympanometry. The questionnaire for the parents held no significant results. Conclusion: Audiometry and tympanometry are efficient procedures in identifying hearing disorders in school children. Although the questionnaire yielded no significant results, it should not be excluded from an audiological evaluation, only improved
As alterações auditivas podem acarretar prejuízos no desenvolvimento das crianças na fase escolar. Os sintomas dessas alterações podem ser confundidos com outras patologias o que dificulta seu diagnóstico. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar os achados audiológicos de escolares da faixa etária entre 6 e 10 anos, que freqüentavam da pré-escola (alfabetização) à 4ª série do ensino fundamental de uma escola particular do município de Salvador. Método: Foram avaliadas 86 crianças, sendo realizadas otoscopia médica/otorrinolaringológica, audiometria tonal e timpanometria, além de ter sido aplicado um questionário aos pais. Resultados: Realizada em 172 orelhas, a otoscopia mostrou que 41 delas (23,84%) apresentaram impedimentos parciais ou totais no meato acústico externo, impossibilitando os demais exames. Das orelhas com impedimentos, 4 crianças (2,33%) apresentaram alteração somente na OD; 7 crianças (4,07%), somente na OE e 15 crianças (17,44%), em ambas. Na avaliação audiométrica, 163 orelhas (94,77%) estavam dentro dos padrões de normalidade e 9 (5,23%) apresentaram alterações auditivas. Destas, 80% (4 crianças) apresentaram perda auditiva condutiva bilateral e 20% (1 criança), perda auditiva condutiva à esquerda. Na timpanometria, 163 orelhas (94,77%) estavam no padrão da normalidade e 9 (5,23%) apresentaram alterações timpanométricas. Destas, 5 (55,55%) foram na orelha esquerda e 4 (44,45%) na orelha direita.; 2,33% (4 orelhas) apresentaram curvas tipo B bilateral, 2,33% (4 orelhas) curvas tipo C bilateral e 0,58% (1 orelha) curva tipo C unilateral à esquerda. As mesmas crianças apresentaram alteração tanto na audiometria como na timpanometria. O questionário aos pais não apresentou resultado significativo em nenhum item. Conclusão: A audiometria e a timpanometria são procedimentos eficazes para a identificação de alterações auditivas em escolares. Apesar de o questionário não ter apresentado resultados significantes, não deve ser excluído de uma avaliação auditiva, mas sim aprimorado
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Pichelli, Tathiany Silva. "Efeito da estimulação contralateral nas medidas de reflectância acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5162/tde-04022014-150945/.
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Introdução: A Reflectância acústica é um procedimento introduzido mais recentemente na clínica audiológica, cuja abrangência diagnóstica pode ainda ser explorada. Suas medidas têm sido citadas como uma importante ferramenta na avaliação das afecções da orelha média, sendo um método considerado vantajoso em relação à timpanometria. Tem havido crescente interesse no estudo da estimulação acústica contralateral e seu efeito na ativação da via eferente auditiva. Estudos têm demonstrado que a introdução de estímulo simultâneo na orelha contralateral gera mudanças no padrão de respostas auditivas, tanto em medidas de emissões otoacústicas como em imitância acústica. Desta forma, surgiu o interesse em investigar a ocorrência de mudanças no padrão de resposta da curva de reflectância, quando pesquisada com a aplicação de ruído de banda larga na orelha contralateral. Objetivo: Verificar a influência da estimulação contralateral nas medidas de reflectância acústica da orelha média em adultos jovens. Metodologia: A casuística foi composta por 30 participantes de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 18 a 30 anos. Procedimentos: Inspeção do meato acústico externo; Imitanciometria; Audiometria tonal limiar; Pesquisa do limiar de ruído branco; Pesquisa da Reflectância Acústica em dois passos: (a) foi obtida a curva de reflectância no intervalo de frequência de 200 a 6000 Hz na intensidade de 60dB SPL utilizando-se os estímulos chirp e de tons puros, e (b) o procedimento foi repetido com os mesmos parâmetros e estímulos, com a presença de ruído contralateral simultâneo por meio de fones de inserção a 30 dBNS em relação ao limiar de ruído branco. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram que não existem diferenças quando comparados gêneros. Quando a análise foi realizada separadamente por orelha houve diferenças entre estímulos chirp e de tons puros nas frequências de 1,5 e 2 kHz em orelha direita. Entre as condições de teste e reteste as diferenças estatísticas foram nas frequências de 0,25 e 0,5 kHz em orelha direita para estímulo de tons puros. A análise entre as condições de teste, reteste e teste com ruído contralateral apresentou diferença estatística na frequência de 2 kHz (pvalor 0,011 em teste e 0,002 em reteste) para estímulo chirp em orelha direita. A comparação entre orelhas esquerda e direita identificou diferenças estatísticas nas frequências de 3 e 4 kHz para os dois tipos de estímulos utilizados. Conclusão: Este estudo permite concluir que a ativação da via auditiva eferente por meio da estimulação acústica contralateral com ruído branco produz mudanças nos padrões de respostas da reflectância acústica, aumentando suas respostas e modificando a transferência de energia sonora da orelha médiaIntroduction: The acoustic reflectance is a procedure introduced more recently in audiology, which diagnostic scope can be further explored. Its measurements have been cited as an important instrument in the evaluation of middle ear affections, as a method considered advantageous in relation to tympanometry. There has been growing interest in the study of contralateral acoustic stimulation and its effect on activation of the auditory efferent pathway. Studies have shown that the introduction of simultaneous stimulation in the contralateral ear generates changes in the pattern of auditory responses in both measures of otoacoustic emissions as in acoustic impedance. Therefore, emerged the interest in investigating the occurrence of changes in the response pattern of the reflectance curve when studied with the application of broadband noise in the contralateral ear. Objective: Investigate the influence of contralateral stimulation on acoustic reflectance measurements of the middle ear in young adults. Methods: The sample consisted of 30 participants of both genders, aged 18-30 years. Procedures: Inspection of the external acoustic meatus; imitanciometry; pure tone audiometry threshold; threshold research of White Noise; acoustics reflectance research in two steps: (a) obtaining of reflectance curve in the frequency range 200-6000 Hz in the intensity of 60dB SPL using chirp stimuli and pure tone, and (b) repeating the procedure with the same parameters and stimuli with contralateral noise simultaneously through insert earphones at 30 dBNS over the white noise threshold. Results: The results presented no difference compared genres. The analysis performed separately by ear presented differences between chirp stimuli and pure tone at frequencies of 1.5 and 2 kHz in the right ear. Between test and retest conditions the statistical differences in frequencies were at frequencies of 0.25 and of 0.5 kHz in the right ear for pure tone. Analysis of the conditions of test, retest and test with contralateral noise presented statistical difference at the frequency of 2 kHz (pvalue on test 0.011 and 0.002 on retest) for chirp stimulus in the right ear. The comparison between left and right ears identified statistical differences at the frequencies of 3 and 4 kHz for the two types of stimuli used. Conclusion: This study shows that the activation of the efferent auditory pathway by contralateral acoustic stimulation with white noise produces changes in response patterns of acoustic reflectance, increasing their responses and modifying the transfer of sound energy from the middle ear
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Soares, Jordana Costa. "Reflectância de orelha média na síndrome de Down." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5162/tde-02102013-092915/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A síndrome de Down apresenta elevados índices de alteração da função da orelha média, bem como malformações congênitas na orelha externa, média e interna. Tais condições podem interferir na transmissão sonora pelo sistema tímpano-ossicular até a cóclea e vias auditivas centrais, afetando a compreensão da linguagem falada. Uma recente ferramenta de avaliação da orelha média, a reflectância de energia de faixa ampla, pode quantificar a energia sonora refletida ou absorvida no meato acústico externo ao longo de uma ampla faixa de frequências, mais rapidamente do que a timpanometria. OBJETIVO: Comparar as medidas de reflectância de energia de faixa ampla entre crianças com síndrome de Down e um grupo controle pareado por idade, de acordo com os achados timpanométricos. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os dados de quatro grupos com síndrome de Down, entre 28 e 195 meses, sendo: timpanometria normal (19 orelhas), timpanometria plana (13 orelhas), timpanometria com pressão negativa moderada (6 orelhas), timpanometria com pressão negativa severa (4 orelhas). Todos os achados foram comparados a um grupo controle (21 orelhas). Os participantes foram submetidos aos exames de timpanometria e reflexo acústico ipsilateral com frequência de sonda de 226 Hz., audiometria tonal limiar, limiar de reconhecimento de fala, emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente e reflectância de energia na faixa de 200 a 6000 Hz. com estímulos do tipo chirp e tons puros. RESULTADOS: Os cinco grupos estudados exibiram diferentes padrões de curvas de reflectância de energia, sem diferença significativa em algumas comparações. Houve correlação negativa entre o volume do meato acústico externo e a reflectância com estímulo chirp entre 250 e 1600 Hz. e com o estímulo de tons puros entre 258 e 1500 Hz., e entre o pico de admitância da timpanometria e a reflectância com estímulo chirp em 500 e 1000 Hz. Não houve correlação entre as frequências da reflectância com estímulo chirp em 1000 e 2000 Hz e os resultados das emissões otoacústicas em 1000, 2000 Hz. e Response. A técnica de análise discriminante utilizada para classificar os dados dos participantes com base nos valores da reflectância com estímulo chirp em 1000 e 1600 Hz., alcançou um índice de classificação correta de 60% para os participantes com síndrome de Down. CONCLUSÕES: Foi possível caracterizar a curva de respostas da orelha média, para diferentes timpanogramas, na síndrome de Down, por meio da reflectância de energia de faixa ampla. Crianças com síndrome de Down com timpanograma normal apresentaram curva de reflectância semelhante ao grupo controle. A análise discriminante por meio dos resultados da timpanometria e reflectância com estímulo chirp em 1600 e 1000 Hz. classificou corretamente 60% dos dados pesquisados nas crianças com síndrome de DownINTRODUCTION: Children with Down syndrome have high incidence of disorders of the middle ear, as well as congenital abnormalities in the external, middle and inner ear. Such conditions may change the sound transmission through the ossicular chain to the cochlea and central auditory pathways, impairing the comprehension of spoken language. An recent assessment tool of the middle ear, the wideband reflectance energy, can measure the sound energy reflected or absorbed in the ear canal over a wide frequency range, faster than tympanometry. OBJECTIVE: To compare the wideband reflectance measurements between children with Down syndrome and a control group matched by age, according to the tympanometric findings. METHODS: This study evaluated four groups with Down syndrome, between 28 and 195 months: normal tympanogram (19 ears), flat tympanogram (13 ears), moderate negative pressure tympanogram (6 ears), severe negative pressure tympanogram (4 ears). All findings were compared to a control group (21 ears). The subjects underwent to tympanometry and acoustic reflex ipsilateral with a 226 Hz probe tone frequency, pure tone audiometry, speech recognition thresholds, transient otoacoustic emissions and wideband reflectance over the 200-6000 Hz range with chirp and tone stimuli. RESULTS: Results revealed that the five groups had different reflectance curves, without significant difference in some comparisons. There was a negative correlation between the volume of the external auditory meatus and the wideband reflectance with the chirp stimulus between 250 and 1600 Hz and with the tone stimulus between 258 and 1500 Hz, and between the static acoustic admittance at the tympanic membrane level and the wideband reflectance with chirp stimulus at 500 and 1000 Hz. There was no correlation between the frequency of the chirp stimulus with reflectance at 1000 and 2000 Hz and the results of the otoacoustic emissions at 1000, 2000 Hz and general response. The discriminant analysis technique used to classify participants\' data based on the values of reflectance with chirp stimulus in 1000 and 1600 Hz, achieved a correct classification rate of 60% for participants with Down syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed the responses of the middle ear, for different tympanograms in Down syndrome through the wideband reflectance. In this study, children with Down syndrome and normal tympanogram showed wideband reflectance curve similar to the control group. A discriminant analysis with the tympanometric results and reflectance with chirp stimulus at 1600 and 1000 Hz correctly classified 60% of the data for children with Down syndrome
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Carmo, Michele Picanço do. "Imitanciometria com sonda de baixa e alta frequência em lactentes com indicadores de risco para a deficiência auditiva." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12247.
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Previous issue date: 2009-07-31Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Introduction: Tympanometry is effective in early identification of external and middle ear diseases and its use is very established for children and adults. However for newborns and infants, some controversies remain. Many studies recommend 1000Hz tympanometry probe for infants under six months old because it shows higher sensibility and accuracy to identify correctly middle ear diseases in this population. Goal: The goal of the present study was to analyze results of tympanometry with 226Hz and 1000Hz probe tone in infants under six months old. Method: 142 infants (245 ears), 70 girls and 72 boys, age range between 12 and 180 days old with risk indicators associated with hearing loss. In the hearing screening were accomplished the following exams: Transient Otoacoustic Emissions, and Automatic Auditory Brainstem Response in 35dBNA. Tympanometric curves were classified in A, Flat, C, Double Peak, Asymmetric, Inverted, and also as normal and abnormal. Tympanometry peak pressure was analyzed. Results: otoacoustic emissions were present in 211 ears (group 1) and absent in 34 ears (group 2). Results with 226Hz probe tone revealed: in the group 1- 130 (61,61%) tympanograms type A, 67 (31,75%) double peak, 12 (5,69%) flat tympanograms and 2 type C (0,95%), in the group 2- it was found 19 curves type A (55,88%), 6 curves type double peak (26,47%), 4 flat tympanograms (11,76%) and 2 type C (5,88%). The 1000Hz probe tone revealed: in the group 1- 83 curves type A (76,85%), 7 curves were asymmetric (6,48%), 4 curves with double peak (3,70%), 10 flat tympanograms (9,26%), 3 type C (2,78%) and 1 inverted curve (0,93%), in the group 2- 2 curves type A (14,29%), 2 asymmetric tympanograms, 6 flat tympanograms (42,86%), 2 type C (14,29%) and 2 inverted tympanograms (14,29%). For the curves classification in normal or abnormal, with 226Hz probe tone, for group 1, 130 ears (90,28%) were normal and 14 (9,72%) were abnormal. In the group 2, 19 ears (76%) continued normal and only 6 (24%) were abnormal. With 1000Hz probe, in group 1, 162 ears (83,94%) were normal and 31 (16,06%) abnormal. In group 2, only 7 ears (25,93%) were normal and 20 abnormal (74,07%). Tympanometry peak pressure obtained with 1000Hz presented higher values and greater variability than 226Hz. It did not demonstrate significant difference in results between right and left ears, neither with 226Hz nor with 1000Hz. Although alterations in pressure can affect transient otoacoustic emissions results, some ears with negative pressures (smaller than -100daPa) were present in otoacoustic emissions. Conclusion: The 1000Hz probe tone presented larger sensibility to identify correctly abnormal tympanometrics curves, in the group with present otoacoustic emissions, as well as with no emissions; Unlike 1000Hz, in infants with no otoacoustic emissions, prevailed abnormal tympanometry. From this research, it is possible to conclude that 1000Hz probe tone is more adequate to evaluate newborns and infants under six months
Introdução: A timpanometria é eficaz na identificação precoce de alterações da orelha externa e média e seu uso está bem estabelecido para crianças e adultos. Porém para neonatos e lactentes ainda há controvérsias. A literatura recomenda para lactentes abaixo de seis meses que a timpanometria seja realizada com tom teste de 1000Hz, que tem ter maior sensibilidade para identificar corretamente as disfunções de orelha média nessa população. Objetivo: Analisar os resultados da timpanometria com tom teste de 226Hz e 1000Hz em lactentes até seis meses de idade. Metodologia: Participaram do estudo 142 lactentes (245 orelhas), 70 do sexo feminino e 72 do sexo masculino, com idade entre 12 e 180 dias e indicadores de risco para deficiência auditiva. Na triagem auditiva foram realizadas as Emissões Otoacústicas por Estímulo Transiente (EOAT) e Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Tronco Encefálico Automático (PEATE-A) a 35dBNA. As curvas timpanométricas foram classificadas em tipos A, Plana, C, DP (Duplo Pico), ASS (Assimétrica) e I (Invertida), e também como normais e alteradas. Foi analisada também a pressão no pico timpanométrico (PPT). Resultados: As EOAT estavam presentes em 211 orelhas (grupo 1) e ausentes em 34 orelhas (grupo 2). Com tom teste de 226Hz foram encontradas as seguintes curvas: no grupo 1 - 130 curvas tipo A (61,61%), 67 tipo DP (31,75%), 12 curvas Planas (5,69%) e 2 curvas tipo C (0,95%); no grupo 2 foram encontradas 19 curvas tipo A (55,88%), 6 tipo DP (26,47%), 4 Planas (11,76%) e 2 tipo C (5,88%). Já com tom teste de 1000Hz foram encontradas: no grupo 1 - 83 curvas tipo A (76,85%), 7 tipo ASS (6,48), 4 tipo DP (3,70%), 10 Planas (9,26%), 3 tipo C (2,78%) e 1 tipo I (0,93%); no grupo 2 - 2 curvas tipo A (14,29%), 2 tipo ASS (14,29), 6 Planas (42,86%), 2 tipo C (14,29%) e 2 tipo I (14,29%). Quanto à classificação das timpanometrias em normais e alteradas, verificou-se que, com tom teste de 226Hz, no grupo 1, 130 orelhas (90,28%) estavam normais e 14 (9,72%) alteradas. No grupo 2, 19 (76%) orelhas continuaram normais e apenas 6 (24%) alteradas. Já com tom de 1000Hz, no grupo 1, 162 orelhas (83,94%) estavam normais e 31 (16,06%) alteradas. No grupo 2, apenas 7 (25,93%) orelhas estavam normais e 20 (74,07%) alteradas. A PPT obtida com tom de 1000Hz, apresentou maiores valores e maior variabilidade quando comparadas às medidas realizadas em 226Hz. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os resultados das orelhas direita e esquerda nem com 226Hz, nem com 1000Hz. Embora as alterações na pressão possam alterar o resultado das EOAT, algumas orelhas com pressão negativa (menor que -100daPa) apresentaram respostas presentes nas EOAT. Conclusão: Na análise dos resultados da timpanometria de acordo com os resultados das EOAT, o tom de 1000Hz apresentou maior sensibilidade para identificar corretamente curvas timpanométricas alteradas, enquanto que com 226Hz, tanto no grupo com EOAT presentes quando no grupo com EOAT ausentes, houve predomínio de curvas normais. No tom de 1000Hz, ao contrário, nas crianças com EOAT ausentes, prevaleceram curvas alteradas. Com esses resultados é possível concluir que o tom teste de 1000Hz é o mais adequado para avaliar neonatos e lactentes até 6 meses de idade
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Black, John Henry. "Evaluation of the Welch Allen Microtympanometer compared to conventional examination methods : the effect of general anaesthesia on microtympanograms and middle ear effusions : the use of tympanometry in pre-school audiological screening programme." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26246.
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1) Test the accuracy of the Welch Allyn Microtympanometer against standard tympanometry. 2) Correlate preoperative clinical findings with: • Microtympanometry • Standard tympanometry 3) Assess influence of induction by gas anaesthesia on: • Post-induction microtympanometry • Intraoperative myringotomy findings 4) Assess the practicality of using the Welch Allyn Microtympanometer as a screening tool in Pre-School audiological testing.
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Raignieri, Jéssica. "Timpanometria de banda larga e emissões otoacústicas em crianças com indicadores de risco para a deficiência auditiva." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21152.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Introduction: Audiological monitoring is aimed at monitoring children from six months to three years old, due to the risk of late or progressive hearing loss. Objective: To study the results of the Wideband Tympanometry in acoustic absorbance measurements and the Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and Distortion Product record in children with risk indicators for hearing loss during audiological monitoring. Method: Fifty-eight children with risk indicators for hearing loss were evaluated in the audiological monitoring process, with a mean age of 16.7 months. In order to contact the families of the children, phone calls were made, with information obtained from a database of four public maternity hospitals in São Paulo. Subjects were characterized in normal auditory status and conductive altered auditory status, in the groups with and without risk indicators for auditory deficiency, and according to the audiological results of auditory monitoring. Transient Otoacoustic Emissions and Distortion Product tests were performed, in addition to the Wideband Tympanometry. For the analysis of the absorbance in the Wideband Tympanometry, seven frequency bands were selected from 1 kHz to 8 kHz, similar to the Otoacoustic Emission Frequency bands. Results: In this study, the absorbance curves presented similar results for the right and left ears, both for children with normal hearing, and for those with conductive hearing loss, as well as for females and males. It was observed that in the frequencies between 1500 Hz and 6000 Hz, the subjects with normal hearing status, the absorbance was between 0.92 and 0.98, and the best results obtained for this age group being in this frequency range. Absorbance is higher in the group of children without risk indicators for hearing loss (RIHL) when compared to the group of children with (RIHL). The recording of Transient Otoacoustic Emissions (TOAE) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) showed a strong agreement with the measured absorbance in all frequency bands in both ears. Conclusion: Absorbance values are higher in males, and for children with normal hearing status. 13 There was an agreement for the results of Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions level and absorbance measurements, and the higher the absorbance, the higher the TOAE and DPOAE levels
Introdução: o monitoramento audiológico visa ao acompanhamento de crianças de seis meses até três anos de idade, devido ao risco de perdas auditivas de início tardio ou progressivo. Objetivo: estudar os resultados da Timpanometria de Banda Larga nas medidas de absorvância acústica e do registro das Emissões Otoacústicas Evocadas Transiente e Produto de Distorção, em crianças com indicadores de risco para a deficiência auditiva durante o monitoramento audiológico. Método: foram avaliadas 58 crianças com indicadores de risco para a deficiência auditiva no processo de monitoramento audiológico, com idade média de 16,7 meses de vida. Para contato com as famílias das crianças, ligações telefônicas foram realizadas, com informações obtidas de um banco de dados de quatro maternidades públicas de São Paulo. Os sujeitos foram caracterizados em status auditivo normal e status auditivo alterado condutivo nos grupos com e sem indicadores de risco para a deficiência auditiva e de acordo com os resultados audiológicos do monitoramento auditivo. Foram realizados testes de Emissões Otoacústicas Transientes e Produto de Distorção, além da Timpanometria de Banda Larga. Para análise da absorvância na Timpanometria de Banda Larga, foram selecionadas sete bandas de frequências que variam de 1 kHz a 8 kHz similares às bandas de frequências. Resultados: neste estudo, as curvas de absorvância apresentaram-se de forma similar para as orelhas direita e esquerda, tanto para as crianças com audição dentro da normalidade, como para aquelas com perdas auditivas condutivas e, também, no sexo feminino e masculino. Observou-se que, na frequência de 1500 Hz a 6000 Hz, nos sujeitos com status auditivos normal, a absorvância estava entre 0,92 a 0,98, podendo estar, nessa faixa de frequência, os melhores resultados obtidos para essa faixa etária estudada. A absorvância foi maior no grupo de crianças sem 11 indicadores de risco para a deficiência auditiva (IRDA) quando comparado com o grupo de crianças com IRDA. O registro das Emissões Otoacústicas Transientes (EOAT) e Emissões Otoacústicas Produto de Distorção (EOAPD) apresentou uma forte concordância com a medida de absorvância registrada, em todas as bandas de frequências, em ambas as orelhas. Conclusão: os valores de absorvância são maiores no sexo masculino e em crianças com status auditivo normal. Houve concordância para os resultados de nível de Emissões Otoacústicas Evocadas e medidas de absorvância, sendo que, quanto maior a absorvância, maior o nível de EOAT e EOPD
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Fagelson, Marc A., and Frederick N. Martin. "The Occlusion Effect and Ear Canal Sound Pressure Level." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1998. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1582.
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Comparisons were made between changes in the audibility of bone-conduction stimuli to differences in the sound pressure present in the external auditory canal when ears were occluded. Fifteen listeners with normal middle ear function were tested using pure tones of 250, 500, and 1000 Hz, delivered via a bone-conduction oscillator placed on the mastoid process and the frontal bone. At all three frequencies, and both sites of stimulation, ear canal sound pressures were greater in the occluded than in the unoccluded conditions. Concurrently, the test signals were detected at lower intensities, although the changes in audibility and external canal sound pressure levels were not unity. The occlusion effect was attenuated slightly when the skull was vibrated from the frontal bone.
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Santos, Mary Ellen dos. "Medidas de absorvância acústica por meio da timpanometria de banda larga em crianças até 3 anos de idade." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18958.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Introduction: The Wideband Tympanometry (WBT), with acoustic absorbance measures, is a recently introduced procedure in audiology, and its diagnostic comprehensiveness is still little explored. This is a technique that provides dynamic measurements of acoustic absorbance of the middle ear (ME), which increases the possibilities of studying anatomical and functional variables of this structure in children. It also measures all tympanograms from 226 Hz to 8000 Hz and identifies the resonance frequency of ME in an only and fast stimulus, using the same classical tympanometry procedure. Objective: To evaluate the Wideband Tympanometry with acoustic absorbance measures associated with the hearing status in children up to 3 years of age. Method: This is a descriptive, observational, retrospective and quantitative approach, accomplished through the use of WBT, with acoustic absorbance measurements and chirp stimuli in children up to 3 years old. We studied 81 medical records of patients of both sexes, of which only twenty-four completed the diagnosis, with normal tests, slight conductive alterations, or conductive hearing loss. Results: The results show important statistics differences of the broaband absorbance between the ears of same hearing status groups. Statistical analysis showed that the group with normal hearing tends to have higher means and medians of acoustic resonance and absorbance than the groups with slight conductive alterations and conductive hearing loss. However, it was observed that at frequencies below 0.5 kHz was not practically significant difference in the average absorbance between the acoustic group with normal hearing and the other groups aged ≥ 7 months. The group's results with normal hearing showed further that the means and medians absorbance changed systematically till the frequency of 6168.84 Hz. Conclusions: This study demonstrated, in general, the values of absorbance of broadband energy group with normal hearing were higher than the group with mild conductive hearing disorders and hearing loss, regardless of age. However, for it’s clinical practice becomes effective, it is recommended to establish normality patterns
Introdução: A Timpanometria de Banda Larga (TBL) com medidas de absorvância acústica é um procedimento introduzido recentemente na clínica audiológica, tendo sua abrangência diagnóstica ainda pouco explorada. Trata-se de uma técnica que oferece medidas dinâmicas de absorvância acústica da orelha média (OM), o que aumenta as possibilidades de estudo das variáveis anatômicas e funcionais dessa estrutura no público infantil. Além disso, também mensura todos os timpanogramas de 226 Hz a 8000 Hz e identifica a frequência de ressonância da OM em um único e rápido estímulo, utilizando o mesmo procedimento da timpanometria clássica. Objetivo: Estudar a Timpanometria de Banda Larga com medidas de absorvância acústica em crianças de até 3 anos de idade. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, observacional, retrospectivo e de caráter quantitativo, realizado por meio da utilização da TBL, com medidas de absorvância acústica e estímulos chirp, em crianças até 3 anos de idade. Foram estudados 81 prontuários de pacientes de ambos os sexos, dos quais apenas vinte e quatro concluíram o diagnóstico, apresentando exames normais, alterações condutivas leves, ou perda auditiva condutiva. Resultados: Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças estatísticas importantes da absorvância de banda larga entre as orelhas dos grupos de mesmo status auditivo. A análise estatística apontou que o grupo com audição normal tende a apresentar maiores médias e medianas de ressonância e absorvância acústica do que os grupos com alterações condutivas leves e perda auditiva condutiva. Porém, dessa comparação, observou-se que nas frequências abaixo de 0,5 kHz não houve, praticamente, diferença significativa na média da absorvância acústica entre o grupo com audição normal e os demais grupos na faixa etária ≥ 7 meses. Os resultados do grupo com audição normal demonstraram, ainda, que as médias e medianas de absorvância mudaram de forma sistemática até a frequência de 6168,84 Hz. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstrou, de forma geral, que os valores da absorvância da energia de banda larga dos grupos com audição normal foram mais altos do que os dos grupos com alterações condutivas leves e perda auditiva condutiva, independentemente da faixa etária. No entanto, para que sua prática clínica se torne efetiva, recomenda-se o estabelecimento de padrões de normalidades
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Fong, J. Y. Jenny. "Tympanometric norms for Chinese pre-schoolers." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37990871.
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Wan, Ka-ki, and 尹家琪. "Tympanometric norms for Chinese young adults." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251134.
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Fong, J. Y. Jenny, and 方靖宜. "Tympanometric norms for Chinese pre-schoolers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37990871.
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Wan, Ka-ki. "Tympanometric norms for Chinese young adults /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22008354.
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Au, Wai-yin Joyce, and 區慧賢. "Tympanometric norms in Chinese children aged 6 to 7 years and tympanometric patterns in Chinese neonates prior to hospitaldischarge." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27791592.
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霍曉澄 and Hiu-ching June Fok. "Sensitivity and specificity of tympanometric norms for Chinese preschool children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41548012.
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Fok, Hiu-ching June. "Sensitivity and specificity of tympanometric norms for Chinese preschool children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41548012.
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Leblond, Catherine Louise. "Middle ear resonant frequency values in geriatric subjects : a multifrequency tympanometric study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30014.
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Based on anatomical changes known to occur in the middle ear with aging, the purpose of this study was to compare middle ear resonant frequency values of geriatric subjects to those of young adults. Measurements were obtained with two different methods: sweep frequency tympanometry and discrete multifrequency tympanometry. Results from the two methods of measurement were also compared. Furthermore, intra-subject, inter-judge, and longitudinal reliability were examined for each measurement method.
Results showed no significant difference between the two age groups. However, resonant frequency values obtained with the two measurement methods differed significantly (p < 0.05). Intra-subject and longitudinal reliability measures were significantly higher for the discrete multifrequency method than for the sweep frequency method. Inter-judge reliability was 95% for both measurement methods.
We therefore concluded that age does not have a significant effect on middle ear resonant frequency values. It follows that normative resonant frequency data can be applied to adults of all age groups. Furthermore, the method used to measure resonant frequency has a significant effect on the values obtained, and comparisons of resonant frequency data should not be made across measurement methods. Although we were unable to determine which measurement method is most valid, the discrete multifrequency method is more reliable within subjects and over time.Medicine, Faculty of
Audiology and Speech Sciences, School of
Graduate
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Bosaghzadeh, Vahideh. "Conventional and multi-frequency tympanometric norms for Caucasian and Chinese school-aged children." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/38916.
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Objectives: The present study used tympanometric parameters to evaluate application of the current norms in Caucasian and Chinese school-aged children. The goals of this study were 1) to establish normative tympanometric data for school-aged children; 2) to determine whether the results vary significantly between Caucasian and Chinese children, male and female children, and children and adults; and 3) to compare normal paediatric tympanometric data with tympanometric data obtained from children with middle-ear pathology.
Design: Tympanometry was measured in 98 subjects with normal middle-ear function with an average age of 5.8 years. There were a total of 66 participants who had abnormal middle-ear condition with a mean age of six years. Control group subjects were recruited from elementary schools in the Greater Vancouver area. Subjects with middle-ear effusion (MEE) were consisted of two groups. Those with confirmed middle-ear effusion (21 subjects) classified as “OTL confirmed” and those who recruited at elementary schools (eight subjects) were classified as “not OTL confirmed”. Statistical analysis (mixed-model ANOVA) was performed for effects of gender, ethnicity (Caucasian versus Chinese), age (child versus adult), and middle-ear condition. Conventional 226-Hz and multi-frequency tympanometry performed using GSI- Tympstar tympanometer (v. 2). .
Results: Vanhuyse patterns were single peak (1B1G) at 226-Hz probe-tone frequency, but more complex patterns (e.g. 1B3G) were observed at higher probe-tone frequencies. Chinese school-aged children had lower Vea and Ytm, wider TW, and higher RF values than did Caucasian school-aged children. Diseased group tympanometric data was significantly different from normal group data. Statistical comparison of the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) plots revealed that Ytm at 678-Hz had better test performance in distinguishing normal middle-ear status from MEE than did Ytm at other probe-tone frequencies (226-, and 1000-Hz). The results showed that Ytm from a 678-Hz probe-tone frequency, TW, and RF had the highest sensitivity, highest specificity, and statistically higher test performance in identification of MEE.
Conclusions: A preliminary set of normative tympanometric data revealed significant differences between Caucasian and Chinese school-aged children and also between children and adults. Therefore, application of ethnic-specific criteria changes sensitivity or specificity of tympanometry in clinics.
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Näsström, Catarina, and Fia Wilhelmsson. "Unika barn med unika öron : En litteraturstudie om hörselmätningar och förebyggande hörselvård för barn med Down syndrom." Thesis, Örebro University, Academy of Health Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2191.
Full textAbstract:
Barn med Down syndrom har ofta återkommande hörselproblem som exempelvis vaxpropp och sekretorisk mediaotit. Vanligt förekommande hörselnedsättning bland dessa barn är en fluktuerande konduktiv hörselnedsättning. Den utvecklingsstörning som syndromet orsakar kan leda till att barnen ej kan medverka aktivt vid konventionella hörselmätningar. Metoder för hörselutredning av små barn och barn som ej kan medverka adekvat är BRA, OAE och tympanometri. Syftet med arbetet är att belysa resultaten från BRA, OAE och tympanometri hos barn med DS. Vidare syftar studien till att belysa tänkbara habiliterande insatser för att bibehålla eller förbättra hörseln hos barn med Down syndrom. Som metod används systematisk litteraturstudie. Resultatet från föreliggande studie visar att mätresultat skiljer sig mellan barn med Down syndrom och barn utan Down syndrom. Strukturella avvikelser i hörselsystemet hos barn med Down syndrom påverkar resultaten från dessa mätningar. Det är därför av vikt att resultaten tolkas utifrån kunskaper om hur olika faktorer i hörselsystemet orsakade av syndromet kan påverka resultaten. Barn med DS behöver regelbundna och återkommande hörselhabiliterande insatser för att förebygga konduktiva hörselnedsättningar.
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Shaw, Jeffrey. "Comparison of wideband energy reflectance and tympanometric measures obtained with Reflwin Interacoustics, Mimosa Acoustics and GSI Tympstar systems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12715.
Full textAbstract:
In this study the effects of gender, instrument, and ethnicity on measures of wideband energy reflectance, wideband reflectance tympanometry and standard tympanometry were analyzed. Measures of energy reflectance (ER) and power absorption (PA) were made using the Mimosa Acoustics and Reflwin Interacoustics middle ear analyzer systems. Tympanograms were generated using the Reflwin Interacoustics system and GSI Tympstar. There were a total of sixty normal hearing participants (113 ears), with an equal number of Chinese and Caucasian males and females. There were five primary purposes to the following study: (1) To determine whether the Mimosa and the Reflwin systems yield similar measures of ER and PA; (2) To determine whether pressurization method (static versus dynamic) has an effect on ER and PA measurements obtained using the Reflwin system; (3) To determine whether the Mimosa and Reflwin systems are capable of detecting ER and PA differences that exist between Chinese and Caucasian young adults; (4) To determine whether Reflwin and GSI tympstar generate comparable tympanograms; and (5) To determine how effectively the norms from each instrument can be used to identify otosclerosis. Analysis of purpose (1) showed that the ER values were larger for the Mimosa system at frequencies below 630Hz. Analysis of purpose (2) showed that the dynamic pressurization technique resulted in lower PA at the low frequencies compared to the PA values obtained using the static pressurization technique. Analysis of purpose (3) showed that ER, PA, and tympanometric parameters obtained in this study were consistent with findings of previous studies in which ER, PA, Vea, Ytm and TW varied as a function of ethnicity. Analysis of purpose (4) showed that Ytm was larger and more variable for GSI Tympstar, TPP was more negative for the Reflwin system compared to the GSI Tympstar, and Vea was larger for the Reflwin system for the probe-tone frequency of 1000 Hz. Analysis of purpose (5) showed that both instruments are equally capable of detecting otosclerosis when static ER values at 500 Hz, 630 Hz, and 800 Hz are used. This suggests that instrument-specific norms are not warranted for the detection of otosclerosis.
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YEH, HUI-NI, and 葉蕙妮. "The Preliminary Study of Quantitative Values of Tympanometry in Chinese Elder Women." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65505321358292047051.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄師範大學
特殊教育學系
104
Tympanometry, including Standard tympanometry and Multi-frequency tympanometry, provide tympanometric shapes and values to help the diagnosis of middle ear disorders. Age and racial-specific adjustments are necessary for application of tympanometric norms. There is only standard tympanometry norm of young adults in Taiwan, lack of standard and multifrequency tympanometry norm in Taiwan. Previous studies revealed the effects of pump speed, ear-canal compensation and the recording methods on tympanometric measures, however there are no conclusion on the effects of these procedural variables on standard and multi-frequency tympanometry values in Taiwanese. This study aims to examine tympanometric findings in Taiwan female elderly, whether the tympanometric values are affected by pump speed, ear-canal compensation and method. The participants are 37 Taiwan elder female between the age of 55 and 70 years, with no recent or current history of middle ear disorder and audiometric thresholds no air-bone gap. Static admittance compensated by positive tail, equivalent ear canal volume, tympanogram width and tympanogram peak pressure are significantly larger at 600/200 daPa/sec than 50 daPa/sec. Compensating by positive tail, static admittance is smaller and equivalent ear canal volume is larger. Resonant frequency does not vary significantly with different method.
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加藤, 健., and Ken Kato. "Peak Width in Multifrequency Tympanometry and Endolymphatic Hydrops Revealed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/18449.
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Van, Rooyen Sonia. "Immittance in infant 0–12 months: Measurements using a 1000 Hz probe tone." Diss., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29106.
Full textAbstract:
Rapid implementation of universal newborn hearing screening programs has exposed a need for a reliable test of middle ear function for timely identification of middle ear pathology and for differentiation between true sensorineural and conductive hearing losses. Use of higher probe tone frequencies for the assessment of immitance measures have proven to be more reliable and accurate in identifying MEE in infants. However a lack of classification-guidelines and age specific normative data exists. This study investigated the characteristics and normative values of high frequency tympanometric and acoustic reflex results for infants (n = 936 ears). Participants were 510 infants (262 male, 248 female) aged 0 – 12 months (mean age = 12.8 weeks) recruited from primary health care and immunization clinics in a South African community. A three-part procedure was performed on each test ear: 1) OAEs were recorded and pass results served as control variable for normal middle ear functioning; 2) 1000 Hz probe tone admittance, susceptance and conductance tympanograms were recorded and analysed in terms of shape, tympanometric peak pressure and maximum (peak) admittance; 3) 1000 Hz probe tone acoustic reflexes, measured with a 1000 Hz ipsilateral stimulus, were recorded and thresholds determined. Significant associations were observed between tympanogram shape, and OAE pass or fail results. 93% of ears with an OAE pass result displayed peaked tympanograms, while 79% of ears with absent OAE’s displayed flat tympanograms. Single peaked tympanograms were recorded in 782 ears (84%), double peaked tympanograms in 41 (4%) ears and flat sloping tympanograms in 112 (12%) ears. Admittance (Ya) tympanograms for the total sample displayed a mean admittance value of 2.9 mmho, with a standard deviation of 1.1 mmho. The 90th percent range was determined at 1.5 mmho (5th percentile) to 4.9 mmho (95th percentile). Mean tympanometric peak pressure in Ya tympanograms was 0.1 daPa, with a standard deviation of 61 daPa. The 90th percent range was -110 daPa to 90 daPa for the 5th and 95th percentiles respectively. Gender specific norms indicated a higher admittance for male ears. Age specific norms indicate a gradual increase in admittance indicating the need for age specific normative classification systems. Ipsilateral 1000 Hz stimuli acoustic reflex measurement proved successful with a 1000 Hz probe tone and present reflexes were recorded in 84% of ears tested. Significant association between acoustic reflex presence, OAE pass and peaked tympanogram results were observed. The normative tympanometric values derived from the cohort may serve as a guide for identification of middle ear effusion in neonates. High frequency tympanometry in combination with acoustic reflexes proves a useful measure for verifying middle ear functioning in young infants.Dissertation (M (Communication Pathology))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology
M (Communication Pathology)
unrestricted
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Vicente, Alice Coelho. "Auto-insufflator device as balloon tuboplasty index of success in Eustachian tube dysfunction." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/98564.
Full textAbstract:
Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de MedicinaIntrodução: A disfunção da tuba auditiva afeta milhões de doentes todos os anos. A tuboplastia por balão surgiu como alternativa terapêutica com resultados promissores na disfunção da tuba auditiva, em doentes sintomáticos afetados. Não é conhecido nenhum preditor objetivo de sucesso. Este estudo visa avaliar o impacto da utilização de um dispositivo de insuflação tubar como preditor de sucesso de uma tuboplastia por balão.Métodos: Num estudo de coorte prospetivo, 236 ouvidos com diagnóstico estabelecido de disfunção da tuba auditiva foram submetidos a tratamento com insuflador tubar e, posteriormente, a tuboplastia por balão. A disfunção tubar, a resposta ao tratamento com insuflador tubar após 11 semanas e à tuboplastia por balão foram avaliadas através da medição da pressão do ouvido médio (timpanometria), dos sintomas de disfunção da tuba auditiva (ETDQ-7), e da qualidade de vida (SNOT-22). A análise estatística foi realizada para detetar se a melhor resposta inicial ao dispositivo se refletiu em melhores resultados funcionais e de qualidade de vida após a cirurgia.Resultados: Observou-se uma redução de 20.4±5.6 no score do ETDQ-7 após o insuflador tubar e uma redução de 21.4±5.1 após a dilatação por balão, comparando com os valores iniciais (p<0.05). A pressão no ouvido médio aumentou 41±33daPa pós-dispositivo e 90±42daPa pós-cirurgia. O timpanograma, o ETDQ-7 e o SNOT-22 após insuflador e após tuboplastia correlacionaram-se positivamente, pelo que os doentes que mais beneficiaram do tratamento médico alcançaram melhores resultados com a cirurgia, em termos de severidade dos sintomas de disfunção tubar (ρ=0.798), de pressão do ouvido médio (ρ=0.320) e de qualidade de vida (ρ=0.261), p<0.001.Discussão: O tratamento com insuflador tubar produziu uma melhoria significativa na disfunção da tuba auditiva, e os doentes com melhoria sintomática mais marcada apresentaram efeitos mais evidentes na timpanometria. A tuboplastia por balão amplificou positivamente os resultados obtidos com o insuflador tubar e uma melhor resposta inicial ao insuflador indiciou maiores benefícios com a tuboplastia. Conclusão: O nosso estudo demonstra a existência de uma prova terapêutica segura, simples e não invasiva capaz de antecipar a resposta à tuboplastia por balão, o que se pode tornar extremamente valioso para definir os grupos de doentes com disfunção da tuba auditiva que mais beneficiarão da terapêutica cirúrgica.
Background: Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) affects millions of patients each year. Eustachian balloon tuboplasty emerged as an alternative treatment with promising outcomes in bothersome symptomatic patients. No objective predictor of success is known. This study aims to evaluate the role of a tubal auto-insufflator device as a success predictor of a balloon Eustachian tuboplasty. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 236 ears diagnosed with ETD underwent treatment with a tubal auto-insufflator device, followed by balloon Eustachian tuboplasty. ETD, treatment response to the auto-insufflator device at 11 weeks and to the balloon Eustachian tuboplasty were assessed through measurement of middle ear’s pressure (MEP) (tympanometry), ETD symptoms (ETDQ-7) and quality of life (SNOT-22). Statistical analysis was performed to detect if a better auto-insufflator response reflected in better functional and quality of life outcomes after surgery.Results: There was a 20.4±5.6 decrease in the ETDQ-7 mean score after auto-insufflator device and a 21.4±5.1 decrease after balloon dilation, comparing to baseline values (p<0.05). Mean negative MEP increased by 41±33daPa after device and 90±42daPa after surgery (p<0.05). Negative MEP, ETDQ-7 and SNOT-22 post-auto-insufflator device and post-tuboplasty were positively correlated, as patients with greater benefits following medical treatment achieved better surgical results, regarding symptom severity of ETD (ρ=0.798), MEP (ρ=0.320) and quality of life (ρ=0.261), p<0.001. Discussion: Prescribed treatment with auto-insufflator device produced a significant improvement of Eustachian tube dysfunction, and patients with better symptomatic outcomes presented with more evident results in tympanometry. Balloon Eustachian tuboplasty amplified previous improvements and better early results using the device reflected in better surgical outcomes and quality of life.Conclusions: Our study proves that a safe, simple, non-invasive and non-drug-related therapeutic proof can successfully predict surgery outcomes, which may become extremely valuable to define patient groups who will benefit the most from balloon Eustachian tuboplasty.
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Ρογκάλας, Δημήτριος. "Ανάπτυξη προσομοιωτή λειτουργίας μέσου ωτός με σκοπό την υποστήριξη στη διάγνωση." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/7223.
Full textAbstract:
Ο σκοπός της διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη και η ανάπτυξη προσομοιωτή λειτουργίας του μέσου ωτός με σκοπό την υποστήριξη στη διάγνωση. Ο βασικός τρόπος διάγνωσης των παθολογιών του μέσου ωτός βασίζεται στην τυμπανομετρία. Εξέλιξη της τυμπανομετρίας είναι η τυμπανομετρία πολλαπλών συχνοτήτων, η οποία χρησιμοποιήθηκε για το σκοπό της διατριβής.
Στις περισσότερες παθολογικές καταστάσεις, η διάγνωση βασίζεται εν μέρει σε αντικειμενικά κριτήρια. Το πρόβλημα έγκειται στη μετάφραση της κωδωνοειδούς καμπύλης του τυμπανογράμματος. Σε πολλές περιπτώσεις αυτό είναι αναποτελεσματικό για δύο λόγους. Πρώτον γιατί η καμπύλη ενδέχεται να συμπίπτει σε περισσότερες από μία παθολογικές καταστασεις και δεύτερον γιατί μπορεί να λειτουργούν στοιχεία του συστήματος κατά τέτοιο τρόπο ώστε να αλληλοεξουδετερώνονται τα αποτελέσματά τους.
Η λειτουργία του προσομοιωτή βασίζεται στην αντιστοίχιση του βιολογικού συστήματος του μέσου ωτός (από τον τυμπανικό υμένα ως την ωοειδή και στρογγυλή θυρίδα) σε μηχανολογικό σύστημα και εν συνεχεία στην αντιστοίχιση του σε ισοδύναμο ηλεκτρικό κύκλωμα.
Στο πλαίσιο της μελέτης εκφράστηκε η συνάρτηση μεταφοράς του ισοδύναμου κυκλώματος, αναπτύχθηκε η αρχιτεκτονική λειτουργίας του προσομοιωτή, διερευνήθηκαν αλγόριθμοι επεξεργασίας των μετρήσεων, λήφθηκαν κλινικές μετρήσεις φυσιολογικών και παθολογικών δειγμάτων και αξιολογήθηκαν τα αποτελέσματά τους. Εν τέλει αποδείχθηκε η ορθή λειτουργία του προσομοιωτή για φυσιολογική λειτουργία του μέσου ωτός και για την παθολογική λειτουργία του στις νόσους της ωτοσκλήρυνσης και της μέσης εκκριτικής ωτίτιδας.The purpose of this doctoral dissertation was the study and development of a simulator of the function of middle-ear in order to support the diagnostic procedure. The basic diagnostic procedure for middle ear pathologies is based on tympanometry. The evolution of classic tympanometry is multi-frequency tympanometry, which was used for the purpose of this study. In most pathological situations, diagnosis is based partly on objective criteria. The problem lies with the translation of the bell-like curve of the tympanogram. In most cases this is not effective for two reasons. Firstly, because the curve may concur in more than one pathological situations and secondly, because elements of the system may function in such a way as to cancel each other out in their depiction. The operation of the simulator is based on the correlation of the biological system of the middle ear (tympanic membrane to round and oval windows) to the mechanical system and eventually to the equivalent electrical circuit. During thiw study, the transfer function of the system was generated, the architecture of the simulator was created, algorithms of manipulation of the measurements were investigated, clinical measurements were taken for both normal and pathological ears and their results were evaluated. Finally, the correct operation of the simulator was proven for normal operation of the middle ear and pathological operation in the cases of otosclerosis and secretory otitis media.
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Chania, Heena. "The use of high frequency tympanomentry (HFT) (1000Hz) in South Africa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15839.
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Master in Audiology
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology
Faculty of Humanities
University of the Witwatersrand
September 2014Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common causes of hearing loss (HL) in neonates and infants. The correct identification of OM is critical in the management thereof. Research has confirmed that high frequency tympanometry (HFT) should be a part of the newborn hearing screening (NHS) as it reliably and accurately identifies OM. Although it is imperative that HFT equipment is available to audiologists working with neonates and infants, there is a dearth of information regarding the use of HFT in South Africa. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of HFT by South African audiologists in clinical practice. In addition, the pass and refer rates between HFT and other screening tests used in the identification of possible middle ear pathology in neonates and infants were determined. A non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional survey design was used to describe the use of HFT in clinical practice. A total of 113 questionnaires, completed by paediatric audiologists, were analysed. Results indicate that only 50% of audiologists had access to and included HFT in their test battery. These participants mainly worked in government hospitals (n=25) and private practice (n=23). The rest of the participants reported HFT to be unavailable, mainly due to lack of equipment, clinical protocols and training in conducting and interpreting HFT. A correlation research design was used to determine the pass and refer rates of HFT and other screening tests used in the identification of possible middle ear pathology. Participants were neonates and infants from birth to six months of chronological age (N2=303 ears) (mean gestational age=37 weeks; SD=4.03). For the four hearing screening tests the highest pass rates were obtained using low frequency tympanometry (LFT) (right ear = 84%; left ear = 86%). In the three hearing screening tests the highest pass rates were obtained using LFT (right ear = 99%; left ear = 93%). However, the agreement of LFT with other screening tests was poor in both the four and three hearing screening tests. The results confirm that HFT and otoscopy had the best agreement in both the four (0.7237 and 0.7983) and three hearing screening tests (0.5062 and 0.6264) in terms of pass and refer rates bilaterally. The findings suggest the need for promoting improved training at undergraduate level and clinical practice within the area of paediatric audiology, specifically regarding the use of HFT in the identification of possible middle ear pathology in neonates and infants. Keywords: high frequency tympanometry, otitis media, clinical practice, pass rate, refer rate