Relevant bibliographies by topics / Type of punishment

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Type of punishment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Type of punishment.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Type of punishment"

Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan T., Theresa DiPonio-Hilliard, Presha Neidermeyer, and Mackenzie Festa. "“Some people claim there’s a woman to blame”." Gender in Management: An International Journal 33, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-04-2016-0085.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate gender-based punishment bias in the type and severity of punishments imposed on a male-dominated profession using the accounting profession as a proxy. Design/methodology/approach Data were hand-collected from the population of certified public accountants disciplined for violations of the Code of Professional Conduct. Disciplinary actions were obtained from the American Institute of Certified Public Accountant’s website. A total of 404 observations were obtained for the study over a five-year period from January 2009 through June 2015, comprising the population of the captured infractions committed during this time frame. Findings Women are punished more harshly than men for equivalent infractions; the disparity in punishment between women and men increases with the severity of the infraction. Originality/value This paper answers the call by Wren (2006) for an increased examination of workplace punishment’s relationship to gender using real-world scenarios and data. This study provides empirical evidence of the gender-based punishment bias, which calls into question the neutrality of workplace punishment as executed by a male-dominated profession.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Filimonov, Vadim D. "The Mechanism for Imposing Punishment as a Tool for Implementing the Principle of Justice." Ugolovnaya yustitsiya, no. 16 (2020): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23088451/16/7.

Full text

Abstract:

The article examines justice as a principle of law and as criminal principle of justice as a principle of compensated justice. The measure of justice in punishment is mainly the correspondence of the punishment to the public danger of the committed crime, i.e. a certain equality of harm caused by criminals to other persons, society or the state, and the severity of the punishment imposed on them. The author argues that a court that follows the principle of justice in imposing punishments has to establish two types of genetic correspondence. The first type is the correspondence of the criminal behavior, circumstances of the crime and the culprit’s personality to the public danger of the criminal’s personality as a criminological basis for imposing punishment. This correspondence employs the genesis of criminal behavior to substantiate the imposed punishment. The rejection of this correspondence could lead to a misconception about the nature and degree of social danger of the perpetrator’s personality as well as an unreasonable type and amount of punishment for the committed crime. The second type consists in the compliance of the type and amount of punishment with the grounds for its imposition ˗the social need to oppose antisocial behavior and personality traits of the guilty person with such a punishment that meets the interests of law-abiding citizens, society, and the state, that is, a social phenomenon that embodies the genesis of criminal law regulation of public relations. The author claims that that it is necessary to identify not only the above-mentioned types of genetic and other correspondences in the mechanism of imposing a punishment, but also take into account the correspondence in terms of proportionality, especially when it comes to the compliance of the punishment with the gravity of the crime committed. Having analyzed all types of correspondences in the mechanism of punishment imposition, the author concludes that since the indicated types of orrespondences in the system of punishment imposition determine the activity of the court, insofar they act as its regulators. The ability to regulate the activities of the court turns their entire set into an instrument for introducing the principle of justice into punishment. Therefore, the mechanism for imposing punishment manifests itself in the process of regulating criminal law relations as a legal instrument for implementing the principle of justice in punishment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Мусалева, Анна Владимировна, and Владислав Витальевич Лечитский. "CONCERNING THE PLACE OF FREEDOM RESTRICTION IN THE SYSTEM OF PUNISHMENTS." Vestnik Samarskogo iuridicheskogo instituta, no. 3(39) (October 15, 2020): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37523/sui.2020.39.3.022.

Full text

Abstract:

Такой вид наказания, как ограничение свободы, существует уже около двадцати четырех лет. Однако за все время его существования оно подверглось значительным изменениям, затрагивающим его сущность и цели назначения. Первые изменения в отношении данного вида наказания указаны в Федеральном законе от 27.12.2009 № 377-ФЗ, которые позволили суду начать назначать это наказание, что является положительным аспектом в рамках гуманизации уголовного и уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. Кроме того, изменилась тяжесть наказания, что должно было отразиться в ст. 44 Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации, так как ограничение свободы ранее относилось к наказаниям, назначаемым только в качестве основного вида наказания, а после всех произошедших изменений оно занимает место среди так называемых «смешанных» наказаний. Однако на сегодняшний день существует пробел в иерархии наказаний. Поэтому необходимо исследовать, что представляет собой ограничение свободы как вид уголовного наказания после всех изменений законодательства, а также насколько правильное место оно занимает в системе наказаний. Such type of punishment as restriction of freedom has existed for about twenty four years. However, over the course of its existence, it has undergone significant changes affecting its essence and purpose. The first changes to this type of punishment are indicated in Federal law No. 377-FL of 27.12.2009, which allowed the court to start assigning this punishment, which is a positive aspect in the framework of humanizing the criminal and Penal legislation. In addition, the severity of the punishment has changed, which should have been reflected in art. 44 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation, since restriction of liberty was previously referred to as a punishment imposed only as the main type of punishment, and after all the changes that have occurred, it takes its place among the so-called «mixed» punishments. However, today there is a gap in the hierarchy of punishments. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate what constitutes a restriction of freedom as a type of criminal punishment after all changes in legislation, and how well it occupies a place in the system of punishments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Ilina, Oksana. "Contents of corrective work and problem questions of their applications." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.1.2020.61.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is devoted to the historical and legal analysis of such type of punishment as correctional labor. In States with market relations, punishments in the form of correctional labor are not applied, and it is not easy to find out the reason for this condition. We see the relevance of our research in finding out the problems of application and execution of correctional labor. The purpose of this article is to analyze theoretical and practical recommendations aimed at improving the legislation and practice of correctional labor, based on the study of the historical development, changes in the political, economic, legal and social situation of the Ukrainian state, to identify the place of this type of punishment in the system of criminal penalties and to determine the true content of correctional labor as a type of criminal legal impact on convicts. Correctional labor is a measure of state coercion that is applied as the main type of punishment to a convicted person who does not have a main place of work, with the deduction of part of his salary to the state’s income. In this work, the author defines the place of correctional labor in the system of punishments of Ukraine, the range of persons to whom this punishment can be applied, as well as the categories of persons to whom it is not applied. The article raises the question of the further existence of punishment in the form of correctional labor. Theoretical and practical prerequisites point to the need to exclude this type of punishment from the system of punishments. Prospects for further scientific research in this direction should be scientific support for the removal of correctional labor from the criminal law, which will not only prove that the legislator takes into account the realities of today, but also a significant step in the modernization of the entire system of punishments. A real alternative to correctional labor in the sanctions of articles of the Special part of the Criminal code of Ukraine may well be a fine and community service.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lozhkina, L. V. "FORCED LABOR AS A TYPE OF PUNISHMENT: ISSUES OF PREVENTION AND ENFORCEMENT." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 31, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-2-265-270.

Full text

Abstract:

The article examines the criminal-legal and criminal-executive aspects of punishment in the form of forced labor. The problematic points in the assessment of the place of forced labor in the system of punishments, the punitive content of punishment and the order of its appointment are determined. The contradiction of the order of application of forced labor with the general principles of sentencing is revealed. The article analyzes some issues of execution and serving of forced labor, identifies the problems of legal regulation of the procedure for implementing punishment, in particular, related to the involvement of convicts in labor. The common features of the execution and serving of forced labor with the order of execution and conditions of serving of imprisonment in colonies-settlements are revealed. Some changes in the normative-legal acts of both legislative and subordinate nature are proposed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cherekhovich, M. M. "Development of the system of punishments without isolation from society in the Russian criminal law until 1917." Actual Problems of Russian Law, no. 8 (September 20, 2019): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2019.105.8.041-046.

Full text

Abstract:

The article investigates the process of development of the system of punishments applied without isolation from society in the Russian criminal law during the period from the 9th century till 1917. On the basis of the analysis of the most important written sources of law, the author concludes that deprivation of liberty had not been applied as a type of criminal punishment until the 16th century. The type of punishment under consideration had the features of an ecclesiastical and repentant penalty. The leading role in the system of punishment was assigned to various types of fines, monetary penalties, mutilation (maiming) penalties and death penalty. Sentences alternative to deprivation of liberty were commonly used during the reign of Peter the Great for the purpose of using convicts in state-building facilities. The tendency to punish minor crimes by imposing monetary penalties or public works instead of imprisonment was initiated during the reign of Catherine the Second and was finally outlined by the middle of the 19th century. Until 1917, types of punishment that did not envisaged isolation from society prevailed in the Russian system of criminal penalties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Tikhonova, S. S., and A. I. Kokunov. "MODELS OF ARTICLE SANCTIONS OF THE SPECIAL PART OF CODIFIED CRIMINAL LAW FOR MINOR OFFENCE CRIMES: MODERN LAW-TECNICAL THEORY AND LEGISLATIVE PRACTICE." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 21, no. 6 (December 28, 2017): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2017-21-6-241-247.

Full text

Abstract:

Possible models of article sanctions of the special part of codified criminal law for minor offence crimes w are presented. Sanctions prescribing one main punishment are single. Sanctions prescribing several main punishments are alternative. Single sanctions can theoretically have 3 types: single sanction with imprisonment; single sanction without imprisonment with more lenient punishment; single sanction without imprisonment with more strict punishment. Alternative sanctions can be subdivided on alternative sanction with imprisonment and lowering alternative; alternative sanction with imprisonment and raising alternative. According to principle of criminal law justice crimes of various category should have various sanction models with different qualitative characteristics. On the basis of this adoption, analysis of modern legislative practice and provisions of criminal and legal doctrine recommendations about crime sanctions for minor offence are formulated. According to these recommendations minor offence crimes can be single and have more lenient punishments than imprisonment or alternative without imprisonment with the lowering alternative or with imprisonment and the lowering alternative. At the same time it is necessary to say that single sanction can include only universal type of punishment. Thus, penalty can be used for single sanctions designing of minor offence crimes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Tsai, Ming-Hone, Chienhao Liao, and Ren Gih Hsieh. "Customer Dissemination of Negative Word-of-Mouth: Influence of Expected or Unexpected Events." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 42, no. 10 (November 18, 2014): 1675–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2014.42.10.1675.

Full text

Abstract:

We examined how expected or unexpected costs affect restaurant customers' attitudes toward the dissemination of negative word-of-mouth (WOM) when service failure occurs. A 2 (customer punishment: expected and unexpected) × 3 (relationship type: encounter, pseudo, and intimate) mixed factorial experimental design was adopted to examine the dissemination of negative WOM. The results indicated that service failure exerted significant and nonsignificant primary effects on expected punishment and relationship type, respectively. A significant interaction was observed between expected punishment and both encounter and intimate relationship types, but not between expected punishment and the pseudo relationship type. In sum, expected punishment and relationship type influenced negative WOM.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Шеслер, Александр Викторович. "Why criminal penalty has to be a penalty." Vestnik Kuzbasskogo instituta, no. 1(38) (March 21, 2019): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53993/2078-3914/2019/1(38)/84-96.

Full text

Abstract:

В статье обосновывается необходимость указать в ст. 43 УК РФ на карательный характер наказания. Отмечается, что придание наказанию карательного характера сыграло положительную роль в практике применения уголовных наказаний. Подчеркивается важное значение талиона, с которого началась эволюция уголовного наказания, связанная с ограничением наказаний по интенсивности, продолжительности и кругу лиц. Делается вывод о том, что указание в уголовном законе на карательный характер уголовного наказания позволить установить критерий, отличающий наказание от иных мер уголовно-правового характера, закрепленных в гл. 15 УК РФ. Подчеркивается, что акцентирование законодателем внимания на карательном характера наказания позволит превратить перечень наказаний, определенный в ст. 44 УК РФ, в систему наказаний, так как появится критерий, измеряющий верхний предел конкретного вида наказания, за который оно не должно переходить, чтобы не перерасти в более суровый вид наказания. Обосновывается влияние карательного характера наказания на реализацию закрепленного в уголовном законе принципа справедливости. Need to specify in Article 43 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on the retaliatory nature of punishment is proved in article. It is noted that giving to punishment of retaliatory character played a positive role in practice of application of criminal penalties. The importance of a talion with which the evolution of criminal penalty connected with restriction of punishments on intensity, duration and a circle of people began is emphasized. The conclusion that the instruction in the criminal law on the retaliatory nature of criminal penalty to allow to establish the criterion distinguishing punishment from other measures of criminal character enshrined in Chapter 15 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is drawn. It is emphasized that emphasis by the legislator of attention on retaliatory the nature of punishment will allow to turn the list of punishments defined in Article 44 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in the system of punishments as there will be a criterion measuring the top limit of punishment of a concrete type out of which it should not pass not to develop into more severe type of punishment. Influence of retaliatory nature of punishment on realization of the principle of justice enshrined in the criminal law is proved.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Albrecht, Felix, and Sebastian Kube. "Peer-Punishment in a Cooperation and a Coordination Game." Games 9, no. 3 (July 30, 2018): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g9030054.

Full text

Abstract:

We elicit individual-level peer-punishment types in a cooperation (social dilemma) and a coordination (weakest link) problem. In line with previous literature, we find heterogeneity in peer-punishment in both environments. Comparing punishment behavior across the two environments within subject, we observe a high degree of individuals’ punishment type stability. However, the aggregate punishment demand is higher in the weakest-link game. The difference between the two environments is driven by subjects whose behavioral types are inconsistent rather than by a change in the punishment demand of those who punish in both environments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Type of punishment"

Chang, Kcomt Romy Alexandra. "Constitutional function assigned to the penalty: Bases for a criminal policy plan." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116385.

Full text

Abstract:

This article intends to analyze treatment and functions assigned to the penalty by our Peruvian Constitution and the way this legal institution is conducted at the prescribed basic penalty level (imposed by the legislator ineach type of criminal offence), the specific penalty level (imposed by the judge according to its individual characteristics in each case) and at the penitentiary enforcement level. Finally recommends some considerations for carrying out a possible legislative reform in accordance with a criminal policy plan within our constitutional framework.
El presente trabajo busca efectuar un análisis en torno al tratamiento y las funciones que nuestra Constitución política asigna a la pena, y la manera como dicha institución se desarrolla en nuestro país con respectoa la pena abstracta (la impuesta por el legislador en cada tipo penal), la pena concreta (la impuesta por el juez luego de una individualización en cada casoconcreto), y su ejecución en el ámbito penitenciario. Finaliza proponiendo algunas consideraciones para una eventual reforma legislativa conforme conun plan de política criminal que se encuentre dentro del marco constitucional.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lin, Li-Mei, and 林麗美. "The Perception of Corporal Punishment Types, Cognition of Codes, and Attitude towards Corporal Punishment after the Banned-Corporal Punishment Policy of Taichung County Elementary School Teachers." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84521920084446110768.

Full text

Abstract:

碩士
明道大學
教學藝術研究所
96
The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of corporal punishment types, cognition of codes, and attitude towards corporal punishment after the banned-corporal punishment policy of Taichung County elementary school teachers. Literature reviews and questionnaire survey were used in this study. Stratified proportion sampling was used in this study to survey the six hundred public elementary school teachers in Taichung County during 2008 schooling year. SPSS for Windows 13.0 was used to deal with the outcomes of this survey. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, t-test, x2-test, etc. were adopted to analyze the data. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, teachers regard four types of corporal punishment as “use forces on students in person, order students or the third person to use forces, order students to take particular body movement, and other kinds of corporal punishment.” Over 79 % of the teachers show that they don’t implement the punishment mentioned above. Second, 62 % of the teachers disagree with corporal punishment. Third, over 82 % of the teachers have a good command of the related laws on banning corporal punishment. Fourth, over 90 % of the teachers highly understand that they have legal responsibility towards corporal punishment. Fifth, whether teachers with different background and variables have obvious difference in corporal punishment attitude and cognition of codes? The results are as follows. (1) Teachers of different area, gender, age, position and professional background have no significant difference about the cognition of corporal punishment types. But teachers of different teaching years have significant difference. (2) Teachers of different area, gender, age and professional background have no significant difference in using the four types of corporal punishment to punish students. However, teachers of different teaching years and positions have significant difference. (3) Teachers of different area, age, teaching years and professional background have no significant difference in the cognition of pro or con attitude. But teachers of different gender and position have significant difference. (4) Teachers of different area, age, teaching years, position and professional background have no significant difference in the degree of supporting the reasons to use corporal punishment. But teachers with different gender have significant difference. (5) Teachers of different area, position and professional background have no significant difference in the degree of opposing the reasons to use corporal punishment. But teachers with different gender, age and teaching years have significant difference. (6) Teachers of different gender, age and professional background have no significant difference in the cognition of the code regulations towards corporal punishment. But teachers of different area, teaching years and position have significant difference. (7) Teachers of different gender and professional background have no significant difference in the cognition of the legal duty towards corporal punishment. But teachers of different area, age, teaching years and position have significant difference.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

FRANCOVÁ, Jana. "Využívání kázeňských prostředků učiteli druhého stupně základní školy." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-155606.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis entitled ?Using of Disciplinary Means at the Second Stage of Basic Education? set itself a task to find out how teachers react to indiscipline of their pupils at the second stage of basic education during the lessons of Czech. In the empirical part there will be used the method of uninvolved observation and an interview with teachers. There will also serve a questionnaire for pupils to fill in the information and to look at the problems from more points of view. The theoretical part will offer a professional base for the research in practise. At first there will be given a definition of the term discipline by different authors, then there will be named and described reasons for indiscipline and types of indiscipline, then the longest chapter about disciplinary means will follow, and the last two chapters will be interested in prevention of indiscipline and mutual communication between the teacher and his/her pupils.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mouleová, Žaneta. "Sociální práce jako součást resocializace v průběhu výkonu trestu." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-358278.

Full text

Abstract:

This diploma thesis focuses on tackling the issue of in-prison rehabilitation and some related factors. The diploma thesis focuses particularly on the specific problems with social rehabilitation during imprisonment and the related programmes. The thesis gives an overview of social rehabilitation and social work. Close attention is paid to social rehabilitation, treatment programmes and social work. Theoretical knowledge is applied in practical use - a questionnaire survey from Plzeň Prison. The survey results show prisoners' opinions on social rehabilitation and treatment programmes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

ČECHOVÁ, Lenka. "Etické aspekty otcovství." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-51659.

Full text

Abstract:

The work deals with the theme of faterhood from a historical, sociological, psychological and ethical perspective. The importance of the father in child care is defined as the general terms and in terms of specific developmental stages of the child and his female or male sex. The central part of the work consists of the basic characteristics of the ethical aspects that should be applied when the father is caring the child. Final summary is devoted to issue of gay fathers and the dilemma, which is associated with the possiblity to enable them to educate children.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Msezane, Gideon. "Exploring the dynamics of school violence in KwaDabeka, KwaZulu-Natal." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20083.

Full text

Abstract:

This study focused on the schools of KwaDabeka Township in KwaZulu-Natal. This project explored the underlying reasons for and types of violence, as well as initiatives for violence prevention. This is a qualitative study; therefore it is located within the interpretive paradigm. A case study strategy was employed in which qualitative methods such as interviews, observations, document reviews, and journals were used to collect data. The findings suggest that besides ill-discipline and uncooperativeness by learners, criminals and thugs from outside schools pose a threat to the stability of schools. The findings also suggest that girls and young boys are victims of violence in schools. The research findings suggest that violence production in schools is shaped by socio-economic status of community where the school is in, as well as gender and masculinity.
Educational Leadership and Management
M. Ed. (Education Management)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Type of punishment"

Lamalle, Cecile. Glutton for punishment. Hampton Falls, N.H: Beeler Large Print, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lamalle, Cecile. Glutton for punishment. New York: Warner Books, 2000.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Churchill, Jill. Grime and punishment: A Jane Jeffry mystery. Hampton Falls, N.H: Beeler Large Print, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Gruel and unusual punishment: A Pennsylvania Dutch mystery with recipes. New York: New American Library, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Myers, Tamar. Gruel and unusual punishment: A Pennsylvania Dutch mystery with recipes. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

The burning man. New York: Doubleday, 1996.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Margolin, Phillip. The burning man. Rockland, MA: Wheeler Pub., 1997.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Fogbound. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2003.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Klempner, Joseph T. Fogbound. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2004.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

One good dog. Waterville, Me: Wheeler Pub, 2010.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Type of punishment"

Campbell, Daniel, Corey Ray-Subramanian, Winifred Schultz-Krohn, Kristen M. Powers, Renee Watling, Christoph U. Correll, Stephanie Bendiske, et al. "Type II Punishment." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3198. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_101495.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Laprime, Amanda P. "Type II Punishment, 2nd Edition." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_102285-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Laprime, Amanda P. "Type II Punishment, Second Edition." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4935. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_102285.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mazarr, Michael J. "Understanding Deterrence." In NL ARMS, 13–28. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-419-8_2.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe challenge of deterrence—discouraging states from taking unwanted actions, especially military aggression—has again become a principal theme in U.S. defence policy. This chapter reviews the fundamentals of deterrence in theory and practice. It surveys basic definitions and types of deterrence, including central versus extended deterrence and techniques of deterring by denial or punishment. The chapter argues that it in inaccurate to equate deterrence strength with the local military balance, which is one important factor in deterrence success, but not the only one. It examines three essential conditions for deterrence success: The level of aggressor motivation, clarity about the object of deterrence and the actions the defender will take, and the defender’s capability and will to fulfil threats.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

"Type II Punishment." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4935. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_301755.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Ryberg, Jesper. "Neurointerventions as Punishment." In Neurointerventions, Crime, and Punishment, 95–136. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846428.003.0004.

Full text

Abstract:

This chapter addresses the question whether a properly imposed neurointervention can in itself function as a type of punishment. This question opens up a discussion concerning the definition of punishment and, furthermore, a broader discussion as to which requirements should be satisfied for a punishment to be morally justified. Finally, it is considered whether a punishment qua neurointervention, as has been suggested by several theorists, would constitute a way of dealing with offenders which is cruel and unusual, or which should, for other reasons, be banned in principle. As such, this chapter is primarily devoted to penal theoretical considerations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Parrington, John. "Crime and Punishment." In Mind Shift, 239–58. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801634.003.0016.

Full text

Abstract:

This chapter focuses on the criminally insane, assessing whether brain biology is significantly different in a serial killer. One of the first people to suggest that criminality arose from abnormalities in the brain was Cesare Lombroso, an Italian surgeon, who in 1871 conducted a postmortem of a serial murderer and rapist. While Lombroso's theories can be dismissed as a product of a misunderstanding of evolutionary mechanisms and the prejudices of his time, this does not mean that the belief that criminality has a biological basis is no longer held. Indeed, there has been a recent resurgence in this view, focusing on the claim that criminality is a product of biological differences in the brain. The claim is based on genetic analysis, and study of the brain itself. One gene linked to criminal behaviour is monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), which encodes an enzyme that destroys a particular type of neurotransmitter as a way of controlling its activity. The chapter then considers the idea of a link between brain injuries and criminal behaviour. The problem in looking for biological differences as the primary cause of criminality is that this could mean less acknowledgment of the role of social environment in the development of a criminal personality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Tripkovic, Milena. "Disenfranchisement and Citizenship." In Punishment and Citizenship, 16–31. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190848620.003.0002.

Full text

Abstract:

This chapter explores the most significant historical precedent of contemporary electoral restrictions—the sanction of atimia—and aims to elucidate the purpose and social role that the practice played in ancient Athens. To understand the nature of atimia, the chapter contrasts it to ostracism, another exclusionary sanction of that time. The chapter demonstrates that in the specific kind of polity that was characterized by strong political links between citizens, atimia was not a criminal, but predominantly a citizenship sanction, which sought to exclude a disobedient member from the enjoyment of full citizenship entitlements. The chapter concludes that while this type of sanction cohered with a politically saturated kind of society such as Athenian, it is less certain whether similar sanctions could be considered justified in contemporary societies in which social and political realms are more separate and where ties between co-citizens are largely extra-political.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Chimuanya, Lily, and Ebuka Igwebuike. "“Type Amen” or Perish!" In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 503–18. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8535-0.ch027.

Full text

Abstract:

This chapter examines religious discourse on Facebook and brings to the fore the recurrent deceptive requests that have given rise to new forms of religious extremism and radicalism. Many Christians have turned to social media as a medium where their faith can be practiced and with the intention of enforcing it on others. One major avenue through which this ensues is in the inherent ideological requests on Facebook where members are threatened to either type “Amen” or be afflicted with curses as punishment. These misleading requests usually attract instantaneous thousands of “likes” and consenting responses that depict underlying fear. An awareness of these extremist inclinations against the backdrop of religion is crucial to the understanding and interpretation of the semiotic realities within such Facebook posts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Chiao, Vincent. "Mass Incarceration and the Theory of Punishment." In Criminal Law in the Age of the Administrative State, 111–42. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190273941.003.0004.

Full text

Abstract:

A popular form of retributivism insists that the permissibility of punishment is dependent solely upon the rights of the parties, with the social costs or benefits of a system of punishment relegated at best to a supporting role in justifying punishment. This chapter explains why theories of that form—despite their current popularity—cannot explain the moral judgment that the United States currently incarcerates too many people. Most commentators, including proponents of this type of theory, are inclined to believe that the United States does incarcerate too many people—that a policy of “mass incarceration” is unjustified. However, mass incarceration represents a failure of social policy, and is not readily analyzed in terms of the morality of individual transactions. The chapter concludes by briefly sketching how the political ideal of anti-deference might be brought to bear on the question of mass incarceration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Type of punishment"

He, Xiaogang, Xiaopeng Fang, Zhong Wei, Yanli Yang, and Zhiyou Sun. "Study on HSE Management System of AP1000 Nuclear Plant Project." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29798.

Full text

Abstract:

Being a third generation advanced nuclear plant type, AP1000 has the characteristics of modular construction, “Open-Top” method lifting, etc, which simultaneously present a new challenge for site HSE management. Through studying Health, Safety & Environment (HSE) site management of the first AP1000 nuclear plant (ANP) under construction, this research analyzes the difference of HSE management aspects, such as management commitment and responsibility, HSE awareness and concept, training and education, HSE reward & punishment system and other aspects between China and the west. It also puts forward the specific idea for developing site HSE management system suitable for ANP technology characteristic and China’s actual conditions, which will provide a guarantee for the safe and smooth construction of ANP project.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Pozhidaeva, A. S. "Confiscation of the instrument of commission or the subject of administrative offenses as a type of administrative punishment for an offense in business sphere." In Scientific trends: Jurisprudence. L-Journal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-20-08-2020-07.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Nikiforova, Elena Nikolaevna, Evgeniia Pavlovna Gavrilova, and Viktoriia Sergeevna Evdokimova. "Unification of national legislation in the field of countering extremism and terrorism as a factor of international security." In All-Russian scientific and practical conference. Publishing house Sreda, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-32803.

Full text

Abstract:

The article emphasizes that the fight against extremism and terrorism, as a complex problem, has become one of the priorities in the fight against crime for states at the global and regional levels. The level of development of legal acts in the field of countering extremism and terrorism, the severity of punishment for crimes of extremist and terrorist orientation in some countries are analyzed. It is concluded that in modern legislation of different countries, there is no single approach to the definition of the concepts of "terrorism" and "extremism", there is no uniform approach to the system and types of punishments. The proposal on the expediency of a uniform definition of the concepts: “terrorism”, “terrorist”, “international terrorist activity”, unification of national legislation in the field of combating extremism and terrorism as a factor of international security is substantiated

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dzhindzholiya, Raul', Ruslan Zhirov, and Azamat Dzuev. "EXEMPTION FROM CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY AND PUNISHMENTAS A FROM OF CRIMINAL PROTECTION." In Law and law: problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02033-3/198-206.

Full text

Abstract:

This article is devoted to the study of the essence and content of institutions of exemption from criminal responsibility and punishment. It is concluded that exemption from criminal responsibility and punishment as two types of criminal protection serve to implement the principles of humanism and justice in criminal law; ensure that the convict is corrected without criminal coercion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Листратов, Иван Вадимович, and Анна Владимировна Подстрахова. "CRIMINAL SANCTIONS IN THE US LEGAL SYSTEM:TYPES, PURPOSES AND EFFECTIVENESS." In Социально-экономические и гуманитарные науки: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Февраль 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/seh295.2021.75.49.005.

Full text

Abstract:

В статье рассматриваются пять основных типов уголовных наказаний, применяемых сегодня в США, а также обсуждается вопрос об их целях и эффективности для общества в целом, потерпевших и самих правонарушителей. The paper addresses five main types of criminal sanctions which are currently administered in the USA. The authors also consider purposes of punishment in terms of their efficiency for the society as a whole, victims and perpetrators.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Ходжалиев, Салех Айсаевич. "CURRENT ISSUES OF SENTENCING AND EXECUTION OF SENTENCES IN THE FORM OF RESTRICTION OF FREEDOM: CRIMINOLOGICAL FORECASTING." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Ноябрь 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt188.2020.59.63.013.

Full text

Abstract:

В данной статье автором анализируются виды, принципы и правовая природа криминологического прогнозирования анализируются общие и основные цели прогнозирования, а также рассматривается специфика объекта и предмета криминологического прогнозирования в сфере назначения и исполнения наказаний в виде ограничения свободы. The article looks at the main purpose of forecasting, examines the types, principle and right criminological forecasting, considering the specificity of the object and the subject of criminological forecasting in the area of assignment and execution of punishment in the form of restriction of freedom.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Идрисов, Хусейн Вахаевич. "ON THE CONCEPT OF FIQH AND RESPONSIBILITY IN THE SYSTEM OF MUSLIM LAW." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Март 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt190.2021.79.17.011.

Full text

Abstract:

Статья посвящена правовой характеристике фикха и ответственности в мусульманской системе права. Перечислены этапы возникновения и развития фикха. В статье выявляется трехуровневая система наказаний по мусульманскому праву, элементами которой являются такие виды наказаний как: «худуд», «кисас» и «тазир». В заключении работы формулируется вывод о том, что фикх представляет из себя совокупность теоретических знаний об исламской вере и ее практических положений правоприменения (Шариат) на основе норм главных источников мусульманской системы права - Священного Корана и Сунны Пророка Мухаммада (да благословит его Аллах и приветствует). The article is devoted to the legal characteristics of fiqh and responsibility in the Muslim legal system. The stages of the origin and development of fiqh are listed. The article reveals a three-level system of punishments under Muslim law, the elements of which are such types of punishments as: "Hudud", "qisas" and "tazir". In conclusion, the article concludes that fiqh is characterized as a set of theoretical knowledge about the Islamic faith and its practical provisions of law enforcement (Sharia) based on the norms of the main sources of the Muslim legal system - the Holy Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Koppol, Pallavi, Henny Admoni, and Reid Simmons. "Interaction Considerations in Learning from Humans." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/40.

Full text

Abstract:

The ability to learn from large quantities of complex data has led to the development of intelligent agents such as self-driving cars and assistive devices. This data often comes from people via interactions such as labeling, providing rewards and punishments, and giving demonstrations or critiques. However, people's ability to provide high-quality data can be affected by human factors of an interaction, such as induced cognitive load and perceived usability. We show that these human factors differ significantly between interaction types. We first formalize interactions as a Markov Decision Process, and construct a taxonomy of these interactions to identify four archetypes: Showing, Categorizing, Sorting, and Evaluating. We then run a user study across two task domains. Our findings show that Evaluating interactions are more cognitively loading and less usable than the others, and Categorizing and Showing interactions are the least cognitively loading and most usable.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sitoiu, Andreea, and Georgeta Panisoara. "Conditional Parenting and its Influence on the Child’s School Activity." In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/33.

Full text

Abstract:

This article addresses the topic of conditional parenting, and it focuses on analyzing the relationship between parenting and the school activity of the student at the level of primary education. Conditional parenting, which provides the child with conditional love and self-esteem, it stands out by: focusing on the child's behavior, considering that human nature is negative and parental love is a privilege that must be earned, also being the adept of punishments and rewards. Conditional love entails the parent's desire to have an obedient child, obedience being the basis of control. `How could an obedient and conditional loved child develop competencies for the future? How well will he meets the demands of today's school or how will he relate to the faculty? These are the questions that have guided the approach of the whole mixed type research, that has been carried out over a period of half a year, using the following methods: questionnaire based survey and focus group method. Through this research, conclusions were drawn regarding conditional parenting and its influence on school activity of the pupil in the primary cycle. Starting from the interpretation of the research results, it was highlighted that the relationships between children and parents based on safety and unconditional love have contributed to the harmonious development of the child and to the skills for the future, through school.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!