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Journal articles on the topic 'Type of Vehicles'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mohd Shah, Hairol Nizam, Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid, Zalina Kamis, Muhammad Nizam Kamarudin, Mohd Fairus Abdollah, and Alias Khamis. "Implementation of Object Recognition Based on Type of Vehicle Entering Main Gate." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 3, no. 2 (2016): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v3.i2.pp458-467.

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<p>This project related to develop and implementation of object recognition based on type of vehicle entering the main gate to facilitate the employment data of vehicles entering according to the types of vehicles. Data for the number of vehicles in accordance with the types recorded. In completing this project, there are two algorithms used, the detection algorithm and classification algorithm. Vehicles will be classified by comparison in terms of it front light area and will be stored in three types of vehicles; sedan, multipurpose van or van, and four wheel drive. Wireless camera is m

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Eto, Ryosuke, Tomoaki Satomi, and Hiroshi Takahashi. "Kinematics of Wheel-Type Tracked Vehicle with Crawlers in Between the Front and Rear Wheels." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 24, no. 6 (2012): 933–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2012.p0933.

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Tracked vehicles are generally trucked to the field because they cannot move on the pavement. This operation is very slow and inefficient. To solve the problem, it is necessary to develop tracked vehicles that can move swiftly on both soft ground and pavement. Wheel-type tracked vehicles with crawlers in between the front and rear wheels can move swiftly using only the wheels on pavement and both wheels and crawlers on soft ground. However, such vehicles cannot turn on both wheels and crawlers. In this study, this steering constraint condition of the vehicle was analyzed with inverse kinematic

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Shantika, Tito, Eka Taufiq Firmansjah, and Ilham Naufan. "PERANCANGAN CHASSIS TYPE TUBULAR SPACE FRAME UNTUK KENDARAAN LISTRIK." POROS 15, no. 1 (2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/poros.v15i1.1250.

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Abstract: Vehicle is the important think to get the better live for peoples of sociaty. Currently the development of vehicles is increasing rapidly, especially vehicles that use friendly energy for enviroment such as electrical energy. The electric vehicles have been used for commercial cars as well as for competitions. The race vehicle is required to develop new technologies in the particular vehicle. The electrical Vehicle Researces has been carried out include the systems such as drive train, Cassis, frame, batree, system control etc, however in this paper will be discuss design of electric

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Waldron, K. J. "Terrain Adaptive Vehicles." Journal of Mechanical Design 117, B (1995): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836442.

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Research on walking vehicles and variable configuration wheeled vehicles is reviewed. The central feature of the vehicles discussed is terrain adaptive capability. The principal elements of the technical problems of coordination and control are discussed for each vehicle type. Examples of each vehicle type are discussed and an extensive reference list is provided. Although the article is primarily a review article, it contains a new discussion of the coordination problem of robotic mechanisms.

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Waldron, K. J. "Terrain Adaptive Vehicles." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 117, B (1995): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2838649.

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Research on walking vehicles and variable configuration wheeled vehicles is reviewed. The central feature of the vehicles discussed is terrain adaptive capability. The principal elements of the technical problems of coordination and control are discussed for each vehicle type. Examples of each vehicle type are discussed and an extensive reference list is provided. Although the article is primarily a review article, it contains a new discussion of the coordination problem of robotic mechanisms.

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Sugiarto, Sugiarto, Fadhlullah Apriandy, Ruhdi Faisal, and Sofyan M. Saleh. "Measuring Passenger Car Unit (PCU) at Four Legged Roundabout using Time Occupancy Data Collected from Drone." Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (2018): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/aijst.7.2.8587.

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This study aims to measure the values of passenger car unit (PCU) at a four-legged roundabout based on the time occupancy data in complex traffic operation. Within mixed traffic, the PCUs are needed as a equivalency factor to convert various type of vehicles to a standard unit. The unit of PCU was used to determine capacity and level of service of specific the traffic condition. The composition of vehicles going through the intersection, mostly varies and each type of vehicles tends to have diverse effects on capacity and level of services. Consequently, a conversion factor from various vehicl

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Khajeh Hosseini, Mohammadreza, Alireza Talebpour, and Srinivas Shakkottai. "Privacy Risk of Connected Vehicles in Relation to Vehicle Tracking when Transmitting Basic Safety Message Type 1 Data." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (2019): 636–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119875433.

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Advances in communication technologies and connected vehicles provide excellent opportunities for data exchange between vehicles and infrastructure. The data transmitted by connected vehicles offers valuable information to traffic control centers to improve the safety and operation of the transportation network. However, there are some security concerns associated with the data communicated between vehicles and infrastructure that may affect the privacy of connected vehicle users. The objective of this study is to assess the privacy of connected vehicles concerning the feasibility of reconstru

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Aakula, Harika. "Performance Analysis and Modelling of Electric Vehicle using MATLAB/ADVISOR." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (2021): 2293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35492.

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The designing of Electric vehicles has gain higher importance in the entire world. It is important to model and design the vehicle for evaluating the prototype. The paper gives basic simulation of Electric vehicle in Type 2 configuration using MATLAB Simulink software. The analysis of different types of Electric vehicles has been done using ADVISOR. Through analysis few conclusions have been made regarding the performance of Electric vehicles.

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Li, Li, Dong Zhang, Zhi-gang Xu, Ping Wang, and Gui-ping Wang. "The Roles of Car Following and Lane Changing Drivers’ Anticipations during Vehicle Inserting Process: A Structural Equation Model Approach." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (November 12, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6372861.

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Anticipating ability is a skill that drivers count on to handle risky tasks in the traffic. This paper explores how the drivers of lane changing vehicle and its immediately car follower anticipate surrounding vehicles’ movements and adjust their manoeuvers during vehicle inserting process. The drivers’ anticipating mechanisms are modelled in the framework of structural equation model and estimated from field data. Results show that the change of lane changing type or traffic signal affects the drivers’ anticipation. Increased vehicle speed impels subject driver to anticipate driving condition

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Mechlia, Malek, Jérémie Schutz, Sofiene Dellagi, and Anis Chelbi. "Quasi-Optimal Sizing of a Vehicle Fleet Considering Environmental Impact, Maintenance, and Eventual Containment Measures." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (2021): 4384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084384.

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In this paper, N types of vehicles having different environmental impacts and different failure rates are considered to perform a set of missions during a predefined period. The sizing problem of the fleet of vehicles is typically based on the literature for the environmental impact of each type of vehicle. This work intends to develop a model that allows considering not only the extent of recourse to non-polluting vehicles but also the preventive maintenance (PM) policy to be adopted for each of the N types of vehicles. More specifically, the objective of this work consists in determining sim

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Lee, Jooyoung, Jiho Yeo, Ilsoo Yun, and Sanghyeok Kang. "Factors Affecting Crash Involvement of Commercial Vehicle Drivers: Evaluation of Commercial Vehicle Drivers’ Characteristics in South Korea." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (March 4, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5868379.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of driver-related factors on crash involvement of four different types of commercial vehicles—express buses, local buses, taxis, and trucks—and to compare outcomes across types. Previous studies on commercial vehicle crashes have generally been focused on a single type of commercial vehicle; however, the characteristics of drivers as factors affecting crashes vary widely across types of commercial vehicles as well as across study sites. This underscores the need for comparative analysis between different types of commercial vehicles that operat

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Ababkova, A. A. "THE DEPENDENCE OF THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF TRANSPORT MACHINES ON THE TYPE OF THE ENERGY-POWER BLOCK." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 274 (2020): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.01.pp.022-026.

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This article describes the features of the use of electric and hybrid drive in transport vehicles. Considers the limitations of using all-electric vehicles. The necessity of developing a hybrid drive for heavy-duty vehicles is substantiated. The basic formulas for calculating the power of an electric drive hybrid vehicle are resented. A comparison is given of the results of the calculation of the main dynamic characteristics of the transport vehicle with various types of power unit. To which include: acceleration time, acceleration path and the average speed of movement. In conclusion, the mos

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Sekine, Y., K. Takahashi, H. Hayamizu, D. Kawamoto, and D. Nakagawa. "Compatibility between sports-utility vehicles and sedan-type vehicles." International Journal of Crashworthiness 13, no. 5 (2008): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13588260802267453.

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Nurhidayat and Annie Purwani. "Determining the vehicles routes by considering its different types and capacity (heterogeneous) to minimize the total distribution cost." MATEC Web of Conferences 154 (2018): 01069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815401069.

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Packaged sugar is one of the products in sugar cane manufacture, PT Madubaru Yogyakarta. Currently, the company deals with a high distribution cost because there is no plan to determine the vehicle route, vehicle type, and capacity for distributing the product. In this research, the optimum route of the distributing vehicles is developed. The company has three different types and capacity of vehicles: L300, HD, and PS. A problem in determining the distribution route here is called as Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). The basic form of classic VRP says that all vehicles owned by a company have the

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Li, Yinghua, Bin Song, Xu Kang, Xiaojiang Du, and Mohsen Guizani. "Vehicle-Type Detection Based on Compressed Sensing and Deep Learning in Vehicular Networks." Sensors 18, no. 12 (2018): 4500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124500.

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Throughout the past decade, vehicular networks have attracted a great deal of interest in various fields. The increasing number of vehicles has led to challenges in traffic regulation. Vehicle-type detection is an important research topic that has found various applications in numerous fields. Its main purpose is to extract the different features of vehicles from videos or pictures captured by traffic surveillance so as to identify the types of vehicles, and then provide reference information for traffic monitoring and control. In this paper, we propose a step-forward vehicle-detection and -cl

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Su, Xiang Jun, and Guan Qi Guo. "Alnic Measuring System for Rail Type Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 2023–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.2023.

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This paper designed an implement scheme of the alnic automatic measuring system for rail type vehicles. The system can read information of rail type vehicles by adopting four alnics, through the PLC to achieve the vehicles’s direction measuring and vehicles counting and axle counting and velocity measuring. In order to improve system reliability, comprehensive application of the anti-jamming alnic, software fault-tolerant variety of anti-jamming measure. By setting the calibration alnic, the system effectively overcome the interference of a variety of human factors. By cleverly setting registe

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Wang, Xiaokun, and Kara M. Kockelman. "Use of Heteroscedastic Ordered Logit Model to Study Severity of Occupant Injury." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1908, no. 1 (2005): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190800124.

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A heteroscedastic ordered logit model was used to study the effects of various vehicle, environmental, roadway, and occupant characteristics on the severity of injuries sustained by vehicle occupants, conditional on the crash occurrence. As expected, the models found that heavier vehicles increased both a vehicle's crashworthiness and driver aggressiveness toward others. The models also found that if all passenger vehicles were to become 1,000 lb heavier, crash injury outcomes would not change dramatically. However, if all passenger cars were to become light-duty trucks (i.e., minivans, pickup

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Raiyn, Jamal. "Data and Cyber Security in Autonomous Vehicle Networks." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 19, no. 4 (2018): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2018-0027.

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Abstract An autonomous vehicle (AV) is a vehicle that operates and performs tasks under its own power. Some features of autonomous vehicle are sensing the environment, collecting information and managing communication with other vehicles. Many autonomous vehicles in development use a combination of cameras, sensors, GPS, radar, LiDAR, and on-board computers. These technologies work together to map the vehicle’s position and its proximity to everything around it. Because of their reliance on these sorts of technologies, which are easily accessible to tampering, a autonomous vehicles are suscept

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Ye, Fan, Paul J. Carlson, and Bradford K. Brimley. "APPLYING THE SIGN LUMINANCE COMPUTATION MODEL TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF OTHER VEHICLES ON SIGN LUMINANCE." TRANSPORT 29, no. 2 (2014): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.927396.

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As one external lighting source on the road, headlamps from adjacent vehicles in the stream traffic should not be ignored. No comprehensive study has yet been developed for exploring the influence of sign luminance produced by other vehicle headlamps. In this paper, a luminance calculation model is developed to calculate sign luminance from all potential headlamps in the stream traffic. Using the model, four main scenarios have been simulated to analyze the effects of the positions of the target vehicle and other vehicles, vehicle type, sign type and sheeting material on the sign luminance. In

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Ryu, J., and J. Song. "Emissions performance of Korean vehicles with different vehicle specification, mileage and fuel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 216, no. 6 (2002): 523–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070260137543.

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This study investigates the effect of vehicle mileage, vehicle characteristics and the fuels on exhaust gas performance. In order to research this topic, 1260 vehicles with spark ignition engines and 960 vehicles with compression ignition engines were sampled and surveyed. The exhaust emissions are measured with a CO-hydrocarbon (HC) emission gas analyser and a filter-type smoke analyser. The results show that the amount of emission gas is not directly related to the mileage covered by the vehicle. However, the engine specifications, such as valve train type or air induction type, influence em

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Bang, Sookyuk, and Soyoung Ahn. "Analysis and Control of Heterogeneous Connected and Autonomous Vehicles using a Spring-Mass-Damper System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 8 (2020): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120927696.

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This study analyzes the behavior of heterogeneous connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and proposes the best vehicle sequence for optimal platoon throughput and platoon formation. A spring-mass-damper (SMD) system is adopted for control of CAVs, and the control parameters are formulated in relation to the physical capabilities of vehicles. To gain insight, we consider three types of vehicle: passenger cars, mini-vans, and heavy-duty vehicles. For each type, we investigate the maximum platoon throughput and the clustering time, defined as the time to reach the target equilibrium state. We f

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Carrigan, Christine E., and Malcolm H. Ray. "Proposed Heavy Vehicle Encroachment Adjustment Factor." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2521, no. 1 (2015): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2521-11.

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Encroachment probability models such as the Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP) have traditionally assumed that heavy vehicles and passenger vehicles share the same encroachment characteristics. This assumption was reviewed in developing bridge railing selection guidelines in NCHRP 22-12(03), where an examination of a specific highway and a national sample of data indicated that trucks encroached at a different rate than passenger vehicles. This paper describes the development of a new vehicle-type encroachment adjustment factor (EAF). The results confirmed previous findings, but this anal

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BEBKIEWICZ, Katarzyna, Zdzisław CHŁOPEK, Jakub LASOCKI, Krystian SZCZEPAŃSKI, and Magdalena ZIMAKOWSKA-LASKOWSKA. "Characteristics of pollutant emission from motor vehicles for the purposes of the Central Emission Database in Poland." Combustion Engines 177, no. 2 (2019): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-229.

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Within the Institute of Environmental Protection – National Research Institute the Central Emission Database is being established. The Database will cover the most important emission sectors from anthropogenic activities, including usage of motor vehicles. The intensity of emissions of individual pollutants is the input data to air pollution dispersion models. Based on calculations performed by the air pollution dispersion models concentration of pollutants dispersed in atmospheric air (pollution immission) is provided. The annual average immision for a selected place in Poland is a measure of

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GRZESIAK, Jerzy, Jarosław KOŃCZAK, and Marcin MIETEŃ. "ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS RELATED TO NEW MILITARY VEHICLES IN THE SCOPE OF TRANSPORTABILITY." Journal of Science of the Gen. Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military Academy of Land Forces 185, no. 3 (2017): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5126.

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In the present paper, the authors have analyzed the technical requirements for military vehicles acquired by way of purchase or research and development works on road, air and rail transportability. The issue of defining technical requirements has been ad-dressed, since they are crucial elements of qualification tests. Transportability require-ments verify a vehicle’s suitability for various types of transport, its adaptation to load-ing and the strength of its brackets. The authors have reviewed the normative docu-ments on the transportability of military vehicles, based on which the analysis

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Rievaj, Vladimír, Ján Gaňa, and František Synák. "Comparison of emissions depending on the type of vehicle engine." Logistics & Sustainable Transport 10, no. 1 (2019): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlst-2019-0004.

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Abstract Road transport is showing growth in the period of globalization. Its task is to transport cargo as well as people to the required location within the shortest possible time and at the lowest price. Thus, road transport plays a crucial role in enabling the globalization to be developed and improved. However, the internal combustion engine hat prevail among the vehicles of freight and passenger transport are the producers of gaseous emissions from the exhaust gases. Many developed countries of the world has committed themselves, inter alia also trough the Paris Agreement, to reduce glob

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DASZKIEWICZ, Paweł, Łukasz RYMANIAK, and Michalina KAMIŃSKA. "Issues of emission evaluation of road-rail vehicles in the aspect of current type approval regulations." Combustion Engines 178, no. 3 (2019): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-347.

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One of the ways to reduce exhaust emissions from vehicles is to replace worn-out shunting locomotives with road-rail tractors. The main purpose of this solution is to reduce the negative environmental impact of the vehicle and to reduce the fuel consumption compared to a shunting locomotive performing the same work. The tests on exhaust emissions of rail vehicles are carried out on an engine test bench, making it impossible to determine the environmental performance of these vehicles during real operation. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out measurements in real operating conditions in ord

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Susanto, Susanto, Dimas Dwi Budiarjo, Aria Hendrawan, and Prind Triajeng Pungkasanti. "The implementation of intelligent systems in automating vehicle detection on the road." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 10, no. 3 (2021): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp571-575.

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<span lang="EN-US">Indonesia is a country with a high population, especially in big cities. The road always crowded with various types of vehicles. Sometimes the growth of vehicles is not matched by road construction. During peak hours, too many vehicles can cause traffic jams on the road. The road is needed to be widened to accommodate the number of vehicles that pass each day. In order for road widening to be precise at locations that frequently occur in traffic jams, data on the number and classification of vehicles passing is required. Therefore, a system that can calculate and recog

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Yulipriyono, EPF Eko, and Djoko Purwanto. "Perubahan Nilai Ekivalensi Mobil Penumpang Akibat Perubahan Karakteristik Operasional Kendaraan di Jalan Kota Semarang." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 23, no. 1 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v23i1.12517.

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Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) is a conversion factor to make equal the various types of vehicles that operating on the road section into one type of vehicles i.e. passenger cars. Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI) 1997 has set the PCE values for various types of vehicle groups either motorized. PCE values of various types of vehicles are not absolute because many factors that affect can change over time and development of automotive technology. This study aimed to find out the changes of PCE value that occurs. As for the purpose of research to determine the current number of PCE values

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Marques dos Santos, Fabio Luis, Paolo Tecchio, Fulvio Ardente, and Ferenc Pekár. "User Automotive Powertrain-Type Choice Model and Analysis Using Neural Networks." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (2021): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020585.

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This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) model that simulates user’s choice of electric or internal combustion engine automotive vehicles based on basic vehicle attributes (purchase price, range, operating cost, taxes due to emissions, time to refuel/recharge and vehicle price depreciation), with the objective of analyzing user behavior and creating a model that can be used to support policymaking. The ANN was trained using stated preference data from a survey carried out in six European countries, taking into account petrol, diesel and battery electric automotive vehicle attribu

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Marques dos Santos, Fabio Luis, Paolo Tecchio, Fulvio Ardente, and Ferenc Pekár. "User Automotive Powertrain-Type Choice Model and Analysis Using Neural Networks." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (2021): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020585.

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This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) model that simulates user’s choice of electric or internal combustion engine automotive vehicles based on basic vehicle attributes (purchase price, range, operating cost, taxes due to emissions, time to refuel/recharge and vehicle price depreciation), with the objective of analyzing user behavior and creating a model that can be used to support policymaking. The ANN was trained using stated preference data from a survey carried out in six European countries, taking into account petrol, diesel and battery electric automotive vehicle attribu

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Wang, Hong, Li Qin Xie, Yong Xia Lu, Jian Guo Gao, and Qiang Zeng. "Research of Vehicle Collision Warning System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 1602–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.1602.

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The safety performance of vehicles are divided into two types, one type is called" active safety", i.e. before the accident prevention, prevention measures.The other type is referred to as" passive safety", i.e. when the accident happened, the vehicles and personnel to take protection measures. People usually focuses on the passive safety of this idea seriously quite, people now pay more attention to the active safety design. This paper introduces several kinds of vehicle collision avoidance system ranging modes, and discusses the intelligent collision warning system.

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MOTRYCZ, Grzegorz, Karolina J. HELNARSKA, and Piotr STRYJEK. "CONTINUING A VEHICLE FITTED WITH RUN FLAT TYRES." Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport 112 (September 1, 2021): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20858/sjsutst.2021.112.7.13.

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Modern vehicles are equipped with many systems that monitor the security of driving. An example is the tyre pressure monitoring system that shows a fault if the tyre pressure is lowered. Low tyre pressure or no pressure at all (0 kPa) means that continuing driving may lead to a dangerous situation. Prolonged driving of the vehicle at 0 kPa in the tyre ends with tyre burst, rim damage, or even loss of stability. Therefore, on the automotive market, manufacturers offer Run Flat tyres adapted to emergency driving with a pressure of 0 kPa. This article presents the results of an experimental resea

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Haling, Daniel, and Harry Cohen. "Residential Noise Damage Costs Caused by Motor Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1559, no. 1 (1996): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155900111.

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An estimate of noise damage costs caused by motor vehicles has been performed. The damage calculation is based on the reduction of property values caused by vehicle noise emissions. Noise emission models are used to determine the noise levels emitted by various vehicle types, dependent on speed, volume of traffic on the roadway, and type of housing development that surrounds the roadway. The cost estimation illustrates the large variation in noise damage caused by different vehicle types, operating conditions, and location of the roadway in relation to residential areas.

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JACYNA, Marianna, and Mariusz WASIAK. "Costs of road transport depending on the type of vehicles." Combustion Engines 162, no. 3 (2015): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116868.

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The article presents analysis of the road transport costs with regard to the types of vehicles. Discussed problem is important from the point of view of both the carrier and the company engaged in the organization of transport. The classification of costs in road transport significantly dependent on the types of used vehicle is presented. The factors affecting individual cost components with regard to the vehicles’ value, the permissible total weight, type of engine and fuel are defined. Selected components of the costs are enhanced by original analytic formulas with given examples of their va

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Raad, Lutfi, and Jian John Lu. "Traction Performance of Transit and Paratransit Vehicles in Winter." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1731, no. 1 (2000): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1731-06.

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The traction performance of transit and paratransit vehicles during the winter is an important factor in public transportation system operations. Vehicle traction forces are significantly reduced on snowy or icy surfaces, specifically during stopping, starting, cornering, and hill climbing. Reduced traction increases stopping distances and decreases controllability when a vehicle stops in an emergency situation. This study evaluated the traction performance of transit and paratransit vehicles on snowy and icy surfaces. Field tests were conducted in Fairbanks, Alaska, using three types of vehic

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Pisarov, Jelena, and Gyula Mester. "The use of autonomous vehicles in transportation." Tehnika 76, no. 2 (2021): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2102171p.

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The objective of this paper is to examine the types of autonomous vehicles already employed in transportation. It exemplifies the segments of transportation which already use autonomous vehicles. This paper gives an insight of the places in the world where autonomous vehicles are put in use. Furthermore, companies such as Volvo, Volkswagen, Airbus and WAYMO have showed their models of driverless vehicles ranging from trucks, buses, shuttles and helicopters. Moreover, the paper provides a description, testing methods, use and features of the each vehicle presented. In short, this paper aims to

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Ward, Thomas A., Christopher J. Fearday, Erfan Salami, and Norhayati Binti Soin. "A bibliometric review of progress in micro air vehicle research." International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles 9, no. 2 (2017): 146–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756829316670671.

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Micro air vehicle research has exponentially expanded since the first articles began to be published in the late 1990s. This article presents a comprehensive bibliometric review of journal articles published on micro air vehicle research from 1998 until 2015. The articles are classified into three types of micro air vehicle: fixed-wing, rotary-wing, and flapping-wing (biomimetic). These types are based upon their primary means of generating lift and propulsive thrust. The specific type of research in these articles is also examined, divided into subcategories of: aerodynamics; guidance, naviga

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Sasmito Ariwibowo, Agus, and Edi Winarko. "Data Mining Untuk Mengetahui Tingkat Loyalitas Konsumen Terhadap Merek Kendaraan Bermotor dan Pola Kecelakaan Lalulintas di DIY." IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 5, no. 3 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.5205.

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Abstract— The data of vehicle sales and traffic accident can be processed into information that is important for vehicle dealers and the Police Department. Those important information researched are the level of consumer loyalty to the vehicle brands and to predict the vehicle’s brands that will be purchased by a consumer. The study also tries to analyze the traffic accident data to find out is there any link between the occurrence of an accident to a certain brand of vehicle. This research implementing data mining method called ‘rule based classification’ to establish the sales of vehicles ru

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Wiebe, Wilhelm, Thomas v. Unwerth, and Sven Schmitz. "Hydrogen pump for hydrogen recirculation in fuel cell vehicles." E3S Web of Conferences 155 (2020): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015501001.

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A promising alternative to fossil-fuelled vehicles are battery-powered vehicles and fuel cell (FC) vehicles. The major differences between fuel cell and battery-powered vehicles are the range and refuelling times of each vehicle type. With a hydrogen (Hed vehicles are the range and refuelling times of each vehicle type. With a hydrogen (H2) fuelling time of approx. 5 minutes it is possible to cover a distance of up to 800 km with a fuel cell vehicle. These properties make a fuel cell vehicle comparable to a fossil fuel powered vehicle. Furthermore, due to short fuelling times and long range ca

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He, Feng, Yi Ming Li, Hai Bo Wu, and Huan Li. "A Performance Study of Coke Oven Gas Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1201.

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The coke oven gas vehicle is a type of clean energy vehicle. The composition and the physicochemical properties of COG are analyzed. Acceleration, emission, fuel economy and safety performances are studied. Compared with conventional vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles, COG vehicle meets the requirements of acceleration performance and are better on emission, safety and fuel economy performances.

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Mikulić, Iva, Igor Bošković, and Goran Zovak. "Effects of Driving Style and Vehicle Maintenance on Vehicle Roadworthiness." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 32, no. 5 (2020): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v32i5.3443.

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Vehicles that are non-roadworthy pose a hazard for all road users and can be one of the main causes of traffic accidents. Previous studies have analysed the impact of the driving style on environmental sustainability and road safety. Starting from this, there was a need to further investigate the relationship between the driving style and vehicle roadworthiness as well. Vehicles that do not comply with the prescribed requirements should be excluded from traffic at a periodic technical inspection. However, the causes of detected vehicle defects cannot be established at a periodic technical insp

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EL-Shebiny, Moustafa EL-Sayed. "NEW TYPE OF TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIC VEHICLES." ERJ. Engineering Research Journal 23, no. 3 (2000): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/erjm.2000.71311.

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Rico, Alfonso, Alberto Mendoza, José L. Gutiérrez, and Emilio Mayoral. "Mexican Field Study To Obtain Basic Information on Truck Transport." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1602, no. 1 (1997): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1602-07.

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A field study begun in Mexico in 1991 is described. This study has become an annual task without a deadline. The fieldwork seeks knowledge about truck traffic on Mexican roads, type of vehicles used, vehicle size and weight, tonnage transported, routes followed, type of freight moved in each case, origin and destination of movements, the packaging system for the transported freight, and whether the movement is related to domestic or to international trade. From these data, which are the core of the information gathered, other data can be obtained, such as each vehicle’s degree of compliance wi

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Ikhsan, Nurzaki, Ahmad Saifizul, and Rahizar Ramli. "The Effect of Vehicle and Road Conditions on Rollover of Commercial Heavy Vehicles during Cornering: A Simulation Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 6337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116337.

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Heavy vehicles make up a relatively small percentage of traffic volume on Malaysian roads compared to other vehicle types. However, heavy vehicles have been reported to be involved in 30,000–40,000 accidents yearly and caused significantly more fatalities. Rollover accidents may also incur cargo damages and cause environmental or human disasters for vehicles that carry hazardous cargos if these contents are spilled. Thus, in this paper, a comprehensive study was conducted to investigate the effects of vehicle and road conditions on rollover of commercial heavy vehicles during cornering at curv

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Lee, Berto Paul, Peter Kwok Keung Louie, Connie Luk, and Chak Keung Chan. "Evaluation of traffic exhaust contributions to ambient carbonaceous submicron particulate matter in an urban roadside environment in Hong Kong." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 24 (2017): 15121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-15121-2017.

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Abstract. Road traffic has significant impacts on air quality particularly in densely urbanized and populated areas where vehicle emissions are a major local source of ambient particulate matter. Engine type (i.e., fuel use) significantly impacts the chemical characteristics of tailpipe emission, and thus the distribution of engine types in traffic impacts measured ambient concentrations. This study provides an estimation of the contribution of vehicles powered by different fuels (gasoline, diesel, LPG) to carbonaceous submicron aerosol mass (PM1) based on ambient aerosol mass spectrometer (AM

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Shi, Yao Jun, and Nai Qun Wu. "Innovative Design of New Type of Mobility Scooter." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.134.

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With the rapid development of economic and cultural , many cities have built their new areas, the citiesbecom larger and larger, people enjoy the high quality life brought by the rapid development of the citis, at the same time, the lager cities also make inconvenience to them. Green vehicles such as bicycle, scooter being restricted by the environment can't well meet the demand of the students on campus. Due to the air pollution caused by the traditional vehicles, new type of environment-friendly mobility scooter is imperative to keep a clean city. This article addresses a new design concept

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Hu, Da Lin, Long Gang Chen, Ding Ding, and Chun Mei Xia. "Analysis of Vehicle Loads on Guangzhou-Shenzhen Expressway." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.915.

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This paper presents statistical analysis of vehicle loads, which were measured by Weighing in Motion (WIM). The vehicle composition, distribution of gross vehicle weight (GVW) and load distribution of classified vehicles are obtained; Axle load proportions and wheelbases of different type of vehicles are also statistically analyzed. Based on statistic theory of extreme value distribution, characteristic values of different type of vehicle loads within design reference period are deduced. The analysis results can be used for safety evaluation of road pavements, bridges and culverts in the expre

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Kitowski, Zygmunt. "Selection of UUV Type ROV Equipment and Cooperation System with USV "Edredon" in Protection Tasks of Ports and Critical Objects." Transactions on Maritime Science 8, no. 2 (2019): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v08n02.004.

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The article presents some of the problems associated with the use of an unmanned underwater vehicle type ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) to cooperate with the USV (Unmanned Surface Vehicle) "Edredon" carrying out tasks related to the perimetric protection of seaports infrastructure and critical objects. The system remote control of the underwater vehicle, requires the appropriate structure of the system ensuring the cooperation of both vehicles and the selection of the special apparatus mounted on the ROV. The tasks carried out by the both vehicles have a very high impact on the hardware solut

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Shimizu, Hikaru, Sho Nishiyama, Yukiko Wakita, and Eisuke Kita. "Effectiveness of Information from Vehicles beyond Nearest Vehicle Ahead for Traffic Flow." ISRN Civil Engineering 2011 (December 11, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/282346.

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A driver usually controls the vehicle according to only the information from the nearest leader vehicle. If the information from the other leader vehicles is also available, the driver can control the vehicle more adequately. The aim of this study is to discuss the effectiveness of the information from the other leader vehicles than the nearest one for the traffic flow. For this purpose, the traffic flow is modeled by using the Chandler-type multi-vehicle-following model. This model changes the vehicle acceleration rate according to the velocity differences between the vehicle and its multilea

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Scholz, Michael, Xu Zhang, and Jörg Franke. "Implementation of an Intralogistics Routing-Service Basing on Decentralized Workspace Digitization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 882 (July 2018): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.882.90.

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The paper presents an intralogistics routing-service for autonomous and versatile transport vehicles. An infrastructural sensor digitize the workspace of the vehicle and is the basis for the vehicle-specific routing plan. Nowadays, a central computing unit allocates transportation task to a known number of automated guided vehicles, which are usually of the same type. Furthermore, this device generates a routing appropriate to the dimensions and the kinematic gauge of the vehicle fleet. The pathing for each specific vehicle is calculated and the result is send to the different entities. The ap

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