Relevant bibliographies by topics / Types of conductors

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Types of conductors'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 29 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Types of conductors"

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Qin, Li, and Chao Zhang. "Calculating Algorithm for Torsional Stiffness of Conductors-Spacers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 459 (October 2013): 669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.459.669.

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In galloping of transmission lines, the twist of bundled conductors plays an important role. So the research of torsional stiffness of conductors-spacers for in-depth study of the galloping of the transmission lines is important.In addition to considering the impact of previous studies involving some of the torsional stiffness of bundled conductors factors (such as the torsional stiffness of sub conductor, the actual tension, etc.), but also the effects of sag and line height difference are considered. Finally a theoretical torsional stiffness of conductors-spacers formula is deduced. With the previous formula and the measured data on the different conductor types, different sub conductor spacing and different initial tension conditions, theresults of this formula are closer to the measured data.
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Rousskikh, A. G., A. S. Zhigalin, and V. I. Oreshkin. "Determination of the conductor resistance during their explosion in vacuum under conditions of skinning the current." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2064, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2064/1/012017.

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Abstract The work is devoted to the investigation of the features of the conductor explosion in a vacuum under the conditions of skinning the current, and specifically, the effect of the magnetic field nonlinear diffusion wave spreading over the exploded conductor on its electrical properties. Experiments on the explosion of conductors were carried out on the IMRI-5 pulse power generator. The exploded conductor was soldered to the cathode and mechanically clamped between the plates on the anode. In the experiments, we used two types of conductors, cylindrical and flat (foils). Cylindrical conductors were of two types: copper (0.5 mm in diameter) and aluminum (0.44 mm in diameter). Foils were also of two types: copper with a thickness of 300 microns and aluminum with a thickness of 200 microns. The foil width varied from 1 to 3 mm. The length always remained 30 mm. To calculate the circuit inductance and calculate the corrections for the real conductor inductance, we used a load that was either a copper foil 600 μm thick and 1 cm wide, or a copper conductor with a diameter of 2 mm (short circuit mode).
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Liu, Jiaqiong, Bo Yan, Guizao Huang, Zheyue Mou, Xin Lv, and Haibing Zhang. "Study on mechanical characteristics of conductors with three-dimensional finite-element models." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 5 (May 2020): 200309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200309.

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Refined three-dimensional (3D) finite-element (FE) models of typical aluminium conductor steel reinforced (ACSR) and formed aluminium conductor steel reinforced (FACSR) with structural details to simulate their static and dynamic characteristics are proposed. Taking into account the elastoplastic behaviour of the aluminium wires, the tensile mechanical properties and coupling between tension and torsion of the two types of conductors under tensile loading are numerically investigated. Furthermore, dynamic responses of two transmission lines, in which the refined 3D segment models and equivalent beam models of the two types of conductors are used, after ice-shedding are numerically simulated and the dynamic characteristics of the conductors are analysed. Finally, based on the numerical simulation results, the fatigue lives of the aluminium wires are estimated and the wear between the wires is discussed. It is revealed that taking into account the structural details of the conductors in the strength design of transmission lines is necessary, and the mechanical characteristics of FACSR are better than those of the ACSR in both static and dynamic situations.
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Boniardi, Marco, Silvia Cincera, Fabrizio D'Errico, and Chiara Tagliabue. "Fretting Fatigue Phenomena on an all Aluminium Alloy Conductor." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.5.

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This paper concerns about a failure analysis of an electric all aluminum alloy conductor (AAAC) damaged and broken for fretting fatigue phenomena induced by aeolian vibrations. Life of electric conductors is often reduced by various degradation mechanisms such as repeated bending, fluctuating tension, distortion, fatigue, wear and corrosion phenomena. However the main limiting factor of the electrical conductors is related to aeolian vibrations in the high frequency range (between 5 to 50 Hz). Conductor oscillations may lead to fretting fatigue problems (otherwise called fretting wear) caused by wind excitation, mainly in the suspension clamp regions, spacers or other fittings. The induced aluminium wire fracture imply a drastic reduction in the transmission line service. Vibration dampers are considered the most effective method to extend service life of electric conductors, as they are the means to reduce fretting damage of aluminium wires. The aim of the present work is to investigate the failure of an AAAC conductor of a 400kV overhead transmission line (twin conductors) located in Touggourt Biskra (Algeria); the damaged and broken conductors were operated in-service only for six months without spacers or dampers. Three different types of conductors have been taken as experimental samples: the in-service broken conductor, another in-service damaged conductor and a new conductor from warehouse as terms of comparison. Samples have been analysed to identify the root cause of the failure and to verify the conformity of the conductor elements to the international standards. The investigation has outlined the morphology of the fretting damage: in all cases the fractured wires have shown typical static deformation marks and dynamic fretting wear tangential marks associated with intense presence of Al2O3 debris.
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Qi, Yi, Kuan Jun Zhu, Sheng Chun Liu, and Bin Liu. "1250mm2 Conductor Self-Damping Characteristics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.377.

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Self-damping test and analysis for five types of 1250mm2 large section conductor are performed, and analytical expression and frequency response characteristics are obtained. Comparison and analysis between round wire and formed wire 1250mm2 conductors are given. And the main protection frequency range of Aeolian vibration of 1250mm2 conductor is determined from 0 to 30 Hz.
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Zheng, Wei, Xizhong Li, Zhongkai Xu, Zhuochen Jin, and Yang Liu. "Research on corrosion mechanism of overhead conductor." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 01085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123301085.

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During the operation of overhead conductors, conductors are corroded to varying degrees by the smoke and dust, harmful gases from factories around the lines, or in corrosive salt fog atmosphere in coastal and island areas, as well as humid and hot weather conditions. In this paper, through the study of the corrosion mechanism of the conductor, the types of the corrosion are analyzed, and the factors leading to the corrosion and the corrosion process are analyzed by selecting the steel cored aluminum stranded wire, so as to provide theoretical basis for the development of anti-corrosion wire and the judgment of corrosion detection.
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Liu, Huijuan, Jun Wang, and Zhenyang Zhang. "Performance analysis of variable speed multiphase induction motor with pole phase modulation." Archives of Electrical Engineering 65, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2016-0031.

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Abstract The pole phase modulation (PPM) technique is an effective method to extend speed range and torque capabilities for an integrated starter and hybrid electric vehicles applications. In this paper, the five pole-phase combination types of a multiphase induction motor (IM) with 36 stator slots and 36 stator conductors are presented and compared quantitatively by using the time-stepping finite element method (TS-FEM). The 36 stator conductors of the proposed multiphase IM are fed by a 36 leg inverter and the current phase angle and amplitude of each stator conductor can be controlled independently. This paper focuses on the winding connection, the PPM technique and the performance comparative analysis of each pole-phase combination types of the proposed multiphase IM. The flux distribution, air-gap flux density, output torque, core losses and efficiency of five pole-phase combination types have been investigated.
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Malm, Veronica, Fernando Seoane, and Vincent Nierstrasz. "Characterisation of Electrical and Stiffness Properties of Conductive Textile Coatings with Metal Flake-Shaped Fillers." Materials 12, no. 21 (October 29, 2019): 3537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213537.

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Two conductive formulations containing different types of micron-sized metal flakes (silver-coated copper (Cu) and pure silver (Ag)) were characterised and used to form highly electrically conductive coatings (conductors) on plain and base-coated woven fabrics, the latter in an encapsulated construction. With e-textiles as the intended application, the fabric stiffness, in terms of flexural stiffness and sheet resistance (Rsh), after durability testing (laundering and abrasion) was investigated and related to user friendliness and long-term performance. Bare and encapsulated conductors with increasing amounts of deposited solids were fabricated by adjusting the knife coating parameters, such as the coating gap height (5, 20, 50, and 200 μm), which reduced the Rsh, as determined by four-point probe (4PP) measurements; however, this improvement was at the expense of increased flexural stiffness of the coated fabrics. The addition of a melamine derivative (MF) as a cross-linker to the Cu formulation and the encapsulation of both conductor types gave the best trade-off between durability and Rsh, as confirmed by 4PP measurements. However, the infrared camera images revealed the formation of hotspots within the bare conductor matrix, although low resistances (determined by 4PP) and no microstructural defects (determined by SEM) were detected. These results stress the importance of thorough investigation to assure the design of reliable conductors applied on textiles requiring this type of maintenance.
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Vinogradov, Aleksandr V., and Aleksey V. Bukreev. "Microcontroller Device for Conductor Identification Using Acoustic Signal." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 67, no. 1 (March 28, 2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-1-28-34.

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When repairing and replacing electrical wiring in enterprises, the main difficulty is the lack or poor quality of documentation, plans for conductors laying. Distinguishing wires (cables) and their cores by the color of the shells or using tags attached to the ends is difficult if the shells have the same color and there are no tags. Devices and technical solutions used to identify wires and cables do not allow recognizing conductors without breaking the electrical circuit, removing insulation, and de-energizing the network. Searching for the right conductor is a time-consuming operation. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a new microcontroller device for identifying wires using an acoustic signal. (Materials and methods) Literature sources has been searched for devices for conductors identifying. (Results and discussion) The article proposes a method that involves feeding an acoustic signal to a wire at one point and capturing it at another, in order to recognize the desired wire. The article presents results of comparison of the developed microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal with known devices and methods for conductors recognizing. (Conclusions) The article reveals the shortcomings of existing methods and means of identifying wires and cables. Authors performed a theoretical calculation of the sound pressure in the conductor at a given distance. The article presents the calculation of speed of acoustic waves in conductors with different types of insulation. Authors designed a microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal and tested it. It was determined that the device increases the safety of work, reduces the cost of operating internal wiring and identification time; eliminates the violation of wire insulation, the need to disable electrical receivers. The convergence of theoretical calculations and experimental data was shown.
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ZHURAVKOV, Michael A., Mikhail A. NIKOLAITCHIK, and Pavel S. MAEVSKI. "CONTACT PROBLEM OF INTERACTION OF A GUIDE ROLLER WITH A MINE CONDUCTOR." Mechanics of Machines, Mechanisms and Materials 3, no. 56 (September 2021): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.46864/1995-0470-2021-3-56-83-89.

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The article considers the force interaction contact problem of a guide roller with a mine conductor during the movement of a mine lifting conveyance on the example of a model problem of the contact interaction of a torus with a beam. The model problem analytical solution is considered, a finite element model of the system under study is developed. Contacting bodies materials elastoplastic behavior was taken into account when solving the problem. The various contact types between guiding roller and the conductors were considered. The values of critical loads leading to plastic deformations occurrence in a conductor with various types of contacts are determined and their relationship with the friction coefficient value is established. Comparative analysis of the obtained analytical and numerical results demonstrates a high degree of correlation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Types of conductors"

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Jacobsen, Lesa Lynn. "Verbal imagery used in rehearsals by experienced high school choral directors : an investigation into types and intent of use /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3136422.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-105). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Bagnoud, Sébastien. "Conductor's work in different types of ensembles." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Hudební a taneční fakulta. Knihovna, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391610.

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Diplomová práce se zabývá profesí dirigenta a způsobem jeho práce s různými typy souborů. Rozmanitost a množství existujících hudebních útvarů, stejně jako specifika, které každý druh hudebního souboru tvoří, z něj činí bohatý předmět pro zkoumání. V prvních kapitolách se zaměřuji na různé definice role dirigenta a na funkce dirigenta, stejně jako na rozličné druhy hudebních souborů. To umožňuje odhalit odlišný přístup dirigenta a jeho práci s amatérskými či profesionálními hudebníky. Práce nejenom osvětlí náplň dirigentského řemesla, ale též vztahy dirigenta s hudebníky.
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Щербак, Д. С. "Віртуальний лабораторний комплекс з дослідження вольт-амперних характеристик різних типів провідників." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/43377.

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Суть нашого проекту в створенні віртуального фізичного кабінету, який буде включати в себе набір лабораторних комплексів. Тобто, студенту надається можливість виконати будь - яку з запропонованих лабораторних робіт не відходячи від одного робочого місця – комп’ютера, при цьому не втративши ефекту реального виконання роботи з фізики.
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Werner, Rose-Line. "Concrete constructions of unbalanced bipartite expander graphs and generalized conductors." Zürich : ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Departement Informatik, Institut für Informationssysteme, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=389.

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Lê, Thi Quyên. "Étude des conducteurs cationiques de type KBiO cubique." 63-Aubière : Impr. U.E.R. Sci, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36110157t.

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Vecchiarelli, Jack. "Aeolian vibration of a conductor with a Stockbridge-type damper." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ28075.pdf.

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Fanchon, Eric. "Etude structurale de conducteurs ioniques unidimensionnels de type hollandite." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604938h.

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De, Kergommeaux Antoine. "Synthèse de nouveaux types de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs pour application en cellules solaires." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00816947.

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Pour que l'énergie photovoltaïque devienne compétitive, les coûts de production doivent être baissés et l'efficacité des cellules augmentée. Les cellules solaires à base de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs constituent une approche prometteuse pour remplir ces objectifs combinant une mise en œuvre par voie liquide avec la possibilité d'ajuster précisément la largeur de bande interdite et les niveaux électroniques. Aujourd'hui, les rendements de conversion des cellules constituées de nanocristaux de sulfure de plomb approchent les 7%. Seulement, à cause des normes européennes destinées à l'affranchissement du plomb du fait de ses risques pour la santé et l'environnement, de nouveaux matériaux doivent être trouvés. Cette thèse concerne la synthèse de nouveaux types de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs et leur application dans des cellules solaires. La synthèse des nanocristaux de CuInSe2 et de SnS de taille et de forme contrôlées a été effectuée, notamment par des voies de synthèses reproductibles dont le passage à grande échelle est facilement possible. Une analyse approfondie de la structure des nanocristaux de SnS par spectroscopie Mössbauer a montré que ces nanocristaux avaient une forte tendance à s'oxyder, ce qui limite leur utilisation dans des dispositifs électroniques après exposition à l'air. La constitution de couches minces continues ayant de bonnes propriétés électriques a été effectuée par le dépôt contrôlé de nanocristaux ainsi que l'échange de leurs ligands de surface. En particulier, un nouveau type de ligand inorganique a été utilisé qui a montré une augmentation de la conductivité des films multiplié par quatre ordres de grandeurs par rapport aux ligands initiaux. Enfin, la préparation de cellules solaires basées sur ces couches minces de nanocristaux a montré des résultats encourageants et notamment un clair effet photovoltaïque lorsque le dépôt est effectué sous atmosphère inerte.
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Chassin, de kergommeaux Antoine. "Synthèse de nouveaux types de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs pour application en cellules solaires." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870418.

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Pour que l'énergie photovoltaïque devienne compétitive, les coûts de production doivent être baissés et l'efficacité des cellules augmentée. Les cellules solaires à base de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs constituent une approche prometteuse pour remplir ces objectifs combinant une mise en œuvre par voie liquide avec la possibilité d'ajuster précisément la largeur de bande interdite et les niveaux électroniques. Aujourd'hui, les rendements de conversion des cellules constituées de nanocristaux de sulfure de plomb approchent les 7%. Seulement, à cause des normes européennes destinées à l'affranchissement du plomb du fait de ses risques pour la santé et l'environnement, de nouveaux matériaux doivent être trouvés. Cette thèse concerne la synthèse de nouveaux types de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs et leur application dans des cellules solaires. La synthèse des nanocristaux de CuInSe2 et de SnS de taille et de forme contrôlées a été effectuée, notamment par des voies de synthèses reproductibles dont le passage à grande échelle est facilement possible. Une analyse approfondie de la structure des nanocristaux de SnS par spectroscopie Mössbauer a montré que ces nanocristaux avaient une forte tendance à s'oxyder, ce qui limite leur utilisation dans des dispositifs électroniques après exposition à l'air. La constitution de couches minces continues ayant de bonnes propriétés électriques a été effectuée par le dépôt contrôlé de nanocristaux ainsi que l'échange de leurs ligands de surface. En particulier, un nouveau type de ligand inorganique a été utilisé qui a montré une augmentation de la conductivité des films multiplié par quatre ordres de grandeurs par rapport aux ligands initiaux. Enfin, la préparation de cellules solaires basées sur ces couches minces de nanocristaux a montré des résultats encourageants et notamment un clair effet photovoltaïque lorsque le dépôt est effectué sous atmosphère inerte.
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Chassin, de Kergommeaux Antoine. "Synthèse de nouveaux types de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs pour application en cellules solaires." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENV057/document.

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Pour que l'énergie photovoltaïque devienne compétitive, les coûts de production doivent être baissés et l'efficacité des cellules augmentée. Les cellules solaires à base de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs constituent une approche prometteuse pour remplir ces objectifs combinant une mise en œuvre par voie liquide avec la possibilité d'ajuster précisément la largeur de bande interdite et les niveaux électroniques. Aujourd'hui, les rendements de conversion des cellules constituées de nanocristaux de sulfure de plomb approchent les 7%. Seulement, à cause des normes européennes destinées à l'affranchissement du plomb du fait de ses risques pour la santé et l'environnement, de nouveaux matériaux doivent être trouvés. Cette thèse concerne la synthèse de nouveaux types de nanocristaux semi-conducteurs et leur application dans des cellules solaires. La synthèse des nanocristaux de CuInSe2 et de SnS de taille et de forme contrôlées a été effectuée, notamment par des voies de synthèses reproductibles dont le passage à grande échelle est facilement possible. Une analyse approfondie de la structure des nanocristaux de SnS par spectroscopie Mössbauer a montré que ces nanocristaux avaient une forte tendance à s'oxyder, ce qui limite leur utilisation dans des dispositifs électroniques après exposition à l'air. La constitution de couches minces continues ayant de bonnes propriétés électriques a été effectuée par le dépôt contrôlé de nanocristaux ainsi que l'échange de leurs ligands de surface. En particulier, un nouveau type de ligand inorganique a été utilisé qui a montré une augmentation de la conductivité des films multiplié par quatre ordres de grandeurs par rapport aux ligands initiaux. Enfin, la préparation de cellules solaires basées sur ces couches minces de nanocristaux a montré des résultats encourageants et notamment un clair effet photovoltaïque lorsque le dépôt est effectué sous atmosphère inerte
In order to be cost-effective, photovoltaic energy conversion needs to improve the solar cell efficiencies while decreasing the production costs. Nanocrystal based solar cells could fulfil these requirements through solution-processing, band gap and energy level engineering. PbS nanocrystal thin films already proved their potential for use as solar cell active materials with power conversion efficiencies approaching 7%. However, since lead based compounds are not compatible with European regulations and present high risks for health and environment, semiconductor nanocrystals of alternative materials have to be developed. This thesis focuses on novel types of semiconductor nanocrystals and their application in photovoltaics. The first part of the study deals with the synthesis of size- and shape-controlled CuInSe2 and SnS nanocrystals. An in-depth investigation of the structure of SnS nanocrystals using Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed their high oxidation sensitivity, which limits their usability in optoelectronic devices after air exposure. The second part deals with the thin film preparation and the surface ligand exchange of the obtained nanocrystals. Using a fully inorganic nanocrystal-surface ligand system, the deposited films exhibited a current density improved by four orders of magnitude as compared to the initial ligands. Finally, solar cell devices based on nanocrystal thin films were fabricated, which showed encouraging results with a clear photovoltaic effect when processed under inert atmosphere
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Books on the topic "Types of conductors"

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Vecchiarelli, Jack. Aeolian vibration of a conductor with a Stockbridge-type damper. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997.

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Petry, Ann Lane. Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the Underground railroad. North Bellmore, N.Y: Marshall Cavendish Corp., 1991.

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The choir director. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2011.

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Carr, Josephine. The Dewey decimal system of love. New York: New American Library, 2003.

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Carr, Josephine. The Dewey decimal system of love. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2004.

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1945-, Wilson John Morgan, ed. Good morning, heartache: A Philip Damon mystery. New York: Berkley Prime Crime, 2003.

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Duchin, Peter. Good morning, heartache: A Philip Damon mystery. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2004.

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Concerto in dead flat: A Chris Klick novel. Scottsdale, AZ: Poisoned Pen Press, 1999.

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McCall, Wendell. Concerto in dead flat: A Chris Klick mystery. Thorndike, Me: Center Point Pub., 2002.

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Mandino, Og. The God memorandum: From The greatest miracle in the world. 3rd ed. Hollywood, Fla: Fell Publishers, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Types of conductors"

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Paranthaman, M. Parans, T. Aytug, H. Y. Zhai, A. A. Gapud, P. M. Martin, K. J. Leonard, A. Goyal, and D. K. Christen. "Perovskite Type Buffers for YBCO Coated Conductors." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 49–58. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118408476.ch4.

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Mehring, M. "Electron Transport in (FA)2X -Type Organic Conductors Special Magnetic Resonance Techniques." In Low-Dimensional Conductors and Superconductors, 185–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3611-0_14.

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Dénès, G., M. C. Madamba, A. Muntasar, A. Peroutka, K. Tam, and Z. Zhu. "Fluoride-Ion Conductors Derived from the Fluorite Type." In Mössbauer Spectroscopy in Materials Science, 25–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4548-0_3.

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Zhang, Wenrui. "New Oxide-Ion Conductors of Dion–Jacobson-Type Layered Perovskites CsBi2Ti2NbO10-δ." In Oxide-Ion Conduction in the Dion–Jacobson-Type Layered Perovskites, 47–92. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2247-3_2.

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Maz’ya, Vladimir. "Conductor and Capacitary Inequalities with Applications to Sobolev-Type Embeddings." In Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, 231–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15564-2_3.

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Ohmatsu, Kazuya, Kenji Abiru, Yoshihiro Honda, Yuki Shingai, and Masaya Konishi. "Fabrication of GdBCO Coated Conductors on Clad-Type Textured Metal Substrates for HTS Cables." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 155–61. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118144480.ch17.

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Wąsowski, Krzysztof. "Tasks of the Minister of National Defence in the Field of Cybersecurity." In Cybersecurity in Poland, 243–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78551-2_16.

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AbstractThis article is an attempt to analyse the legal position of the Minister of National Defence of the Republic of Poland in the sphere of the national cybersecurity system. The author distinguishes a large number of types of functions of this public administration entity. On the other hand, the author conducts an analysis of cybersecurity competence of the independent bodies responsible for the cyberspace system security in Poland. The author demonstrates that the Minister of National Defence plays a crucial role in the Polish cybersecurity system in the context of the state’s external security.
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Clearfield, A., M. A. Subramanian, B. D. Robert, and R. Subramanian. "Proton and Lithium Ion Conductors Based Upon the AM 2 IV (PO4)3 Type Structure." In Solid State Batteries, 445–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5167-9_30.

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Iijima, Yasuhiro, Mariko Kimura, and Takashi Saitoh. "Fluorite and Related Type Oxide Buffer Layers for Y-123 Coated Conductors Studied by IBAD Method." In Advances in Superconductivity XII, 595–97. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66877-0_178.

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Sugai, Hiroyuki, Masao Sataka, S. Okayasu, Shin Ichi Ichikawa, Katsuhisa Nishio, Shinichi Mitsuoka, Takamitsu Nakanoya, et al. "Diffusion of 8Li Short-Lived Radiotracer in Li Ionic Conductors of NaTl-Type Intermetallic Compounds." In Diffusion in Solids and Liquids III, 667–72. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-51-5.667.

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Conference papers on the topic "Types of conductors"

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Kiitam, Ivar, Paul Taklaja, and Kaur Tuttelberg. "Voltage withstand properties of the insulation of different types of medium voltage covered overhead line conductors." In 2018 19th International Scientific Conference on Electric Power Engineering (EPE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epe.2018.8396011.

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de Bruijn, Jos, and Sander van Alphen. "Automated design of high voltage pylons." In IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.1965.

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<p>As new energy resources like solar, wind and hydropower are being used more and more over the world, the demand for transport of energy and with that the demand for powerlines is big. Also, in The Netherlands this is the case. TenneT (company responsible for the transport of energy in The Netherlands) had to realise a total of 75 km’s of power lines in one project called Wintrack II. This includes 41 different kind of pole types that carry the conductors. The conductors are carried by so called bipoles, these are conical steel tubes.‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌</p><p>To help TenneT a semi-automatic tooling was made to calculate and to model the different pole types. The poles are modelled with inventor and calculated with different software programs.</p><p>To validate the different calculations and used model’s 3D FEM-calculations are performed as well as full scale tests. Several kinds of calculations and designs are made, especially in steel and concrete. For example, calculations are made on vortex, prestressing of anchors, flange connections and next to that measurements are being performed on full scale poles.</p>
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de Bruijn, Jos, and Sander van Alphen. "Automated design of high voltage pylons." In IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.1965.

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<p>As new energy resources like solar, wind and hydropower are being used more and more over the world, the demand for transport of energy and with that the demand for powerlines is big. Also, in The Netherlands this is the case. TenneT (company responsible for the transport of energy in The Netherlands) had to realise a total of 75 km’s of power lines in one project called Wintrack II. This includes 41 different kind of pole types that carry the conductors. The conductors are carried by so called bipoles, these are conical steel tubes.‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌</p><p>To help TenneT a semi-automatic tooling was made to calculate and to model the different pole types. The poles are modelled with inventor and calculated with different software programs.</p><p>To validate the different calculations and used model’s 3D FEM-calculations are performed as well as full scale tests. Several kinds of calculations and designs are made, especially in steel and concrete. For example, calculations are made on vortex, prestressing of anchors, flange connections and next to that measurements are being performed on full scale poles.</p>
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Chai, Liang, Aziz Shaikh, and Vern Stygar. "Characterization of A6 LTCC Systems for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Applications." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35134.

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Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) materials are widely used in ceramic packaging and interconnect applications, such as RF receiving modules for next generation handsets and T/R modules for satellite communications. The application frequency spans from low GHz to 100+ GHz. A variety of techniques must be used to characterize dielectric properties (loss tangent and dielectric constant) of LTCC in the wide frequency range. These techniques include the parallel plate capacitor method from DC to several MHz, cavity methods in x-band, and open resonator techniques for frequencies up to 100+ GHz. LTCC is a multi-layer ceramic technology, which offers capability for low cost manufacturing, realizing 3D structures, and embedding passive components. Both strip line and microstrip types of transmission line structures can be conveniently manufactured using LTCC material systems. As an important performance parameter, microstrip loss can be characterized using the ring resonator technique. Both LTCC and metal conductors contribute to the microstrip loss. At microwave and mm-wave frequencies, metal losses become significant, although low resistance silver conductor can be used. The metal loss may be divided into two categories: one is the resistive loss and other is surface roughness loss. A photo imaging technique has been introduced which patterns the microstrip, reducing the surface loss. In this paper, the techniques for measuring both dielectric properties of A6 LTCC and microstrip properties of A6 LTCC with conductor systems will be reviewed. Characterization results of the dielectric constant and loss tangent of A6 from near DC to 100 GHz will be presented. Microstrip losses, measured for A6 LTCC with both gold and silver metallization up to 40 GHz, are compared to those computed using the closed form equations and experimentally determined dielectric and conductor properties. The calculated effective microstrip permitivity and attenuation compare well to those from measurements.
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Miller, Joshua E. "Numerical modeling of impacts of twisted-pair data cables." In 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/hvis2019-043.

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Abstract Data wire cable runs are a significant presence on the exterior of the International Space Station (ISS), and continued ISS mission support requires detailed assessment of cables due to micrometeoroid and orbit debris (MMOD) impact. These data wire cables are twisted-pair cables consisting of two 22 gauge stranded conductors inside a tight-fitting, braided-copper shield and jacket having a nominal outer diameter of 3.76 mm. Previous work has documented a total of 97 impact experiments that were performed into these cables to develop an empirical, statistical model for the failure of these cables in reliability studies; however, the experimental work left open the internal behaviors that contribute to the probabilistic findings. To address this shortcoming, numerical impact simulations have been performed to expand the understanding of the acquired dataset. This paper summarizes the dependence of impact location and speed to the penetration of wire jackets based upon particle size and provides an empirical ballistic limit equation based on the assumption that exposed conductors may lead to a short circuit. This work is consolidated with the previous experimental work for design and reliability assessments to cover projectile types, speeds and obliquities.
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Salazar-Villalpando, Maria D., David A. Berry, Dushyant Shekhawat, Todd H. Gardner, and Ismail Celik. "Synthesis Gas by Partial Oxidation and the Role of Oxygen-Conducting Supports: A Review." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2004-2539.

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The objective of this review is to bring together results from experimental studies to better understand issues and the role of catalyst types and supports in the conversion of hydrocarbon fuels to synthesis gas. Fuel conversion, selectivity and carbon formation as function of type of support, metal, dispersion and temperature are presented. Reaction mechanisms for syn-gas (a mixture of CO and H2) production and formation of inactive carbon are reviewed. This review resulted in two primary conclusions: 1) Catalyst supports based on oxygen-ion conductors such as doped ceria may be used to mitigate carbon formation due to their high oxygen mobility; and 2) A more detailed and comprehensive study of these systems leading to mechanistic understanding may be of significant benefit in developing low-cost, effective, and long-duration reforming catalysts for POM and possibly higher hydrocarbon fuels.
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Thies, Philipp R., Magnus Harrold, Lars Johanning, Konstantinos Grivas, and Georgios Georgallis. "Performance Evaluation of Dynamic HV Cables With Al Conductors for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines." In ASME 2019 2nd International Offshore Wind Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iowtc2019-7536.

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Abstract Floating Offshore Wind turbine installations will require HV dynamic power cables to be connected to the of longer length static export power cables. Experience from offshore wind installations has highlighted the criticality of power cables, underlining the need for high integrity, yet cost effective cable solutions. This paper will assess the mechanical performance and load parameters for an Aluminum power conductor cable. Whilst copper is the conventional choice due to its lower resistive losses, Aluminum cores are increasingly used for static power cables, due to their benefits regarding overall cable weight and material cost. The work presented adopts a coupled aero-elastic and hydrodynamic modelling approach to simulate the behavior of the well-documented OC4 semi-sub platform, together with the 5MW NREL wind turbine. The model allows a direct comparison between the two cable types, maintaining the overall system and environmental conditions. The results inform the design envelope regarding the ultimate load conditions a for the two principle cable designs, providing global load estimates, such as effective tension and bending stresses, to inform the local stress analysis. Furthermore, the results will form the basis for future physical demonstration and validation tests. This paper will be of interest to technology developers and practitioners concerned with submarine dynamic power cables, offer a methodology to directly compare and evaluate different cable design options, and providing some design guidance for and aluminum conductor cables.
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Leblond, André, Pierre Van Dyke, Louis-Philippe Bibeau, and Claude Hardy. "Test Line Assessment of Mechanical Power Flow in Overhead Conductors and Efficiency of Damping Devices." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0056.

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Abstract This paper deals with a method for evaluating the flow of vibration power in single overhead conductors along a full-scale test line. Aeolian vibrations of these conductors are represented by two opposite-moving traveling wave trains which convey vibration energy. The method leads to the determination of vibration power flow as well as the spectral content of these waves. Whenever a damping device is attached to the conductor, an average traveling wave reflection coefficient can be calculated, yielding the damping device efficiency. The efficiency of three different devices is calculated: a Stockbridge-type damper, a bretelle damper and a typical suspension clamp. The magnitude of the inherent error in the method is also evaluated.
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Lu, Alex, Thomas Marchwinski, Robert Culhane, and Xiaojing Wei. "Estimation of Pre-COVID19 Daily Ridership Patterns From Paper and Electronic Ticket Sales Data With Origin-Destination, Time-Of-Day, and Train-Start Detail on a Commuter Railroad: Quick-Response Big Data Analytics in a World Steeped With Tradition." In 2021 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2021-59109.

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Abstract Our niche method independently estimates hourly commuter rail station-to-station origin-destination (OD) matrix data each day from ticket sales and activation data from four sales channels (paper/mobile tickets, mail order, and onboard sales) by extending well-established transportation modelling methodologies. This algorithm’s features include: (1) handles multi-pack pay-per-ride fare instruments not requiring electronic validation, like ten-trip paper tickets “punched” onboard by railroad conductors; (2) correctly infers directionality for direction-agnostic ticket-types; (3) estimates unlimited ride ticket utilization patterns sufficiently precisely to inform vehicle assignment/scheduling; (4) provides integer outputs without allowing rounding to affect control totals nor introduce artifacts; (5) deals gracefully with cliff-edge changes in demand, like the COVID19 related lockdown; and (6) allocates hourly traffic to each train-start based on passenger choice. Our core idea is that the time of ticket usage is ultimately a function of the time of sale and ticket type, and mutual transformation is made via probability density functions (“patterns”) given sufficient distribution data. We generated pre-COVID daily OD matrices and will eventually extend this work to post-COVID inputs. Results were provided to operations planners using visual and tabular interfaces. These matrices represent data never previously available by any method; prior OD surveys required 100,000 respondents, and even then could neither provide daily nor hourly levels of detail, and could not monitor special event ridership nor specific seasonal travel such as summer Friday afternoons.
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Jiang, Hao, Jy-An John Wang, Fei Ren, Dominic Lee, John Chan, and Gary Sibilant. "Integrity Study of ACSR and ACSS Two Stage Splice Connectors at High Operation Temperatures." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86358.

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Due to material discontinuity and inherited forming mechanism, the conductor-connector system of a crimped-type splice connector is highly sensitive to aging of system components, especially during high-temperature operations. Furthermore, due to the increase in power demand and limited investment in new infrastructure, existing overhead power transmission lines often need to operate at temperatures higher than the original designed values. This has led to the accelerated aging and degradation of conductor-connector systems. The implications of connector aging are two-fold: (1) significant increase in electric resistivity of the splice connector and (2) significant reduction in the connector clamping strength. Therefore, splice connectors are one of the weakest links in the electric power transmission infrastructure. The integrity of crimped-type splice connectors is one major concern in the efficiency and reliability of power transmission system. In this paper we present results from high temperature integrity studies of two-stage splice connector systems used for both ACSR and ACSS transmission conductors. The forming process and thermal cycling degradation behaviour are simulated using finite element modeling, which shows good agreement with degradation trends obtained from experimental data. A numerical simulation protocol has been developed to provide guidance in predicting the effective lifetime of ACSR and ACSS splice connector systems.
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Reports on the topic "Types of conductors"

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Weinschenk, Craig, Daniel Madrzykowski, and Paul Courtney. Impact of Flashover Fire Conditions on Exposed Energized Electrical Cords and Cables. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/hdmn5904.

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A set of experiments was conducted to expose different types of energized electrical cords for lamps, office equipment, and appliances to a developing room fire exposure. All of the cords were positioned on the floor and arranged in a manner to receive a similar thermal exposure. Six types of cords commonly used as power supply cords, extension cords, and as part of residential electrical wiring systems were chosen for the experiments. The non-metallic sheathed cables (NMB) typically found in residential electrical branch wiring were included to provide a link to previous research. The basic test design was to expose the six different types of cords, on the floor of a compartment to a growing fire to determine the conditions under which the cord would trip the circuit breaker and/or undergo an arc fault. All of the cords would be energized and installed on a non-combustible surface. Six cord types (18-2 SPT1, 16-3 SJTW, 12-2 NM-B, 12-3 NM-B, 18-3 SVT, 18-2 NISPT-2) and three types of circuit protection (Molded case circuit breaker (MCCB), combination Arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI), Ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)) were exposed to six room-scale fires. The circuit protection was remote from the thermal exposure. The six room fires consisted of three replicate fires with two sofas as the main fuel source, two replicate fires with one sofa as the main fuel source and one fire with two sofas and MDF paneling on three walls in the room. Each fuel package was sufficient to support flashover conditions in the room and as a result, the impact on the cords and circuit protection was not significantly different. The average peak heat release rate of the sofa fueled compartment fires with gypsum board ceiling and walls was 6.8 MW. The addition of vinyl covered MDF wall paneling on three of the compartment walls increased the peak heat release rate to 12 MW, although most of the increased energy release occurred outside of the compartment opening. In each experiment during post flashover exposure, the insulation on the cords ignited and burned through, exposing bare conductor. During this period the circuits faulted. The circuit protection devices are not designed to provide thermal protection, and, thus, were installed remote from the fire. The devices operated as designed in all experiments. All of the circuit faults resulted in either a magnetic trip of the conventional circuit breaker or a ground-fault trip in the GFCI or AFCI capable circuit protection devices. Though not required by UL 1699, Standard for Safety for Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupters as the solution for detection methodology, the AFCIs used had differential current detection. Examination of signal data showed that the only cord types that tripped with a fault to ground were the insulated conductors in non-metallic sheathed cables (12-2 NM-B and 12-3 NM-B). This was expected due to the bare grounding conductor present. Assessments of both the thermal exposure and physical damage to the cords did not reveal any correlation between the thermal exposure, cord damage, and trip type.
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Kiv, Arnold E., Vladyslav V. Bilous, Dmytro M. Bodnenko, Dmytro V. Horbatovskyi, Oksana S. Lytvyn, and Volodymyr V. Proshkin. The development and use of mobile app AR Physics in physics teaching at the university. [б. в.], July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4629.

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This paper outlines the importance of using Augmented Reality (AR) in physics education at the university as a valuable tool for visualization and increasing the attention and motivation of students to study, solving educational problems related to future professional activities, improving the interaction of teachers and students. Provided an analysis of the types of AR technology and software for developing AR apps. The sequences of actions for developing the mobile application AR Physics in the study of topics: “Direct electronic current”, “Fundamentals of the theory of electronic circuits”. The software tools for mobile application development (Android Studio, SDK, NDK, Google Sceneform, 3Ds MAX, Core Animation, Asset Media Recorder, Ashampoo Music Studio, Google Translate Plugin) are described. The bank of 3D models of elements of electrical circuits (sources of current, consumers, measuring devices, conductors) is created. Because of the students’ and teachers’ surveys, the advantages and disadvantages of using AR in the teaching process are discussed. Mann-Whitney U-test proved the effectiveness of the use of AR for laboratory works in physics by students majoring in “Mathematics”, “Computer Science”, and “Cybersecurity”.
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve: 2019 data summary—Version 2.0. National Park Service, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2290196.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and it is currently conducted on 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort on four SECN parks, including Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve (TIMU). A total of 23 vegetation plots were established in the park in May and June. Data collected in each plot include species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches (in)]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve in 2019. Data were stratified across three dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetlands, Coastal Plain Open Uplands and Woodlands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and three land parcels (Cedar Point, Theodore Roosevelt, and Thomas Creek). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 157 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 23 vegetation plots, including nine species not previously known from the park. Three plots were located in the footprint of the Yellow Bluff Fire, and were sampled only two weeks following the fire event. Muscadine (Muscadinia rotundifolia), cat greenbrier (Smilax glauca), water oak (Quercus nigra), and swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora) were the most frequently encountered species in Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetland habitat; saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), slash pine (Pinus elliottii), and gallberry (Ilex glabra) were the most frequently encountered species in Coastal Plain Open Upland and Woodland habitat; and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica), Spanish moss (Tillandsia usenoides), and red bay (Persea borbonia) were the most frequently encountered species in Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands. There were no exotic species of the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council list of invasive plants (FLEPPC 2020) observed on any of these plots. Both red bay and swamp bay (Persea palustris) were largely absent from the tree stratum in these plots; however, they were present (occasionally in high abundance) in the seedling and sapling strata across all habitat types. Buckthorn bully (Sideroxylon lycioides)—listed as Endangered in the state of Florida by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS 2020)—was observed in three Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland plots. The tree strata in each broadly defined habitat were dominated by the following species: Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetlands-loblolly bay (Gordonia lasianthus) Coastal Plain Open Uplands and Woodlands-longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands-oaks (Quercus sp.) Most stems within the tree strata exhibited healthy vigor and only moderate dieback across all habitat types. However, there was a large amount of standing dead trees in plots within Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands. Downed woody biomass (fuel loads) were highest in the Cedar Point and Thomas Creek land parcels.
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Boyle, M., and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Matanzas National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293409.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and it is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including Fort Matanzas National Monument (FOMA). Nine vegetation plots, located on Anastasia and Rattlesnake Islands, were established at Fort Matanzas National Monument in June. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Matanzas National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Upland Forests/Shrublands and Maritime Open Uplands). Noteworthy findings include: Eighty-two vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across nine vegetation plots, including eight species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana), and American burnweed (Erectites hieraciifolius). Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), earleaf greenbriar (Smilax auriculata), and dixie sandmat (Euphorbia bombensis). ne non-native species, Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia), categorized as invasive by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council (FLEPPC 2019) was encountered in one Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland plot during this monitoring effort. There were not any rare plants tracked by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS 2020) found during this monitoring effort. All plants located in these monitoring plots are fairly common throughout Florida, as well as across the Southeast Coast. Three species observed, however, are on the FDACS 2020 list of commercially exploited plants within the state. These include saw palmetto, cinnamon fern (Osmundastrum cinnamomeum), and coontie (Zamia integrifolia var. umbrosa). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto) were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon and cabbage palmetto. More than 75% of the trees measured in the parks Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type were alive and experiencing healthy vigor. Of the 22 trees that were dead, more than 50% of those were southern/eastern red cedar. Most of those individuals that were observed with moderate or severe decline and greater than 50% dieback were southern/eastern red cedars. Although red bay (Persea borbonia) was identified as one of the “principal understory tree” species within Fort Matanzas National Monument’s maritime forests in 2004 (Zomlefer et al. 2004), tree-sized individuals were rarely detected on plots during this monitoring effort. This may be in part due to the detection of laurel wilt disease within St. Johns County in 2006 (USDA 2021). Based on the low detection...
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Pulaski National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2288716.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort on four SECN parks, including Fort Pulaski National Monument (FOPU). Twelve vegetation plots were established at Fort Pulaski National Monument in August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Pulaski National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands). Noteworthy findings include: Sixty-six vascular plant taxa were observed across 12 vegetation plots, including six taxa not previously known from the park. Plots were located on both Cockspur and McQueen’s Island. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), perennial saltmarsh aster(Symphyotrichum enuifolium), and groundsel tree (Baccharis halimifolia) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto). Four non-native species identified as invasive by the Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council (GA-EPPC 2018) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 17%), bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum; 8%), Vasey’s grass (Paspalum urvillei; 8%), and European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%). Two rare plants tracked by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GADNR 2013) were found during this monitoring effort. These include Florida wild privet (Forestiera segregata) and Bosc’s bluet (Oldenlandia boscii). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon, cabbage palmetto, groundsel tree, and Carolina laurel cherry (Prunus caroliniana). The health status of sugarberry (Celtis laevigata)—a typical canopy species in maritime forests of the South Atlantic Coastal Plain--observed on park plots appeared to be in decline, with most stems experiencing elevated levels of dieback and low vigor. Over the past decade, this species has been experiencing unexplained high rates of dieback and mortality throughout its range in the Southeastern United States; current research is focusing on what may be causing these alarming die-off patterns. Duff and litter made up the majority of downed woody biomass (fuel loads) across FOPU vegetation plots.
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290019.

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Abstract:
The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. The first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including 52 plots on Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA), was 2019. Twelve vegetation plots were established at Cape Hatteras NS in July and August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Cape Hatteras National Seashore in 2019. Data were stratified across four dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands, Maritime Nontidal Wetlands, Maritime Open Uplands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and four land parcels (Bodie Island, Buxton, Hatteras Island, and Ocracoke Island). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 265 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 52 vegetation plots, including 13 species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: saltmeadow cordgrass Spartina patens), swallow-wort (Pattalias palustre), and marsh fimbry (Fimbristylis castanea) Maritime Nontidal Wetlands: common wax-myrtle (Morella cerifera), saltmeadow cordgrass, eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. radicans), and saw greenbriar (Smilax bona-nox) Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), dune camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), and seabeach evening-primrose (Oenothera humifusa) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: : loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), common wax-myrtle, and live oak (Quercus virginiana). Five invasive species identified as either a Severe Threat (Rank 1) or Significant Threat (Rank 2) to native plants by the North Carolina Native Plant Society (Buchanan 2010) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; 2%), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 10%), Japanese stilt-grass (Microstegium vimineum; 2%), European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%), and common chickweed (Stellaria media; 2%). Eighteen rare species tracked by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (Robinson 2018) were found during this monitoring effort, including two species—cypress panicgrass (Dichanthelium caerulescens) and Gulf Coast spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa)—listed as State Endangered by the Plant Conservation Program of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (NCPCP 2010). Southern/eastern red cedar was a dominant species within the tree stratum of both Maritime Nontidal Wetland and Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat types. Other dominant tree species within CAHA forests included loblolly pine, live oak, and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica). One hundred percent of the live swamp bay (Persea palustris) trees measured in these plots were experiencing declining vigor and observed with symptoms like those caused by laurel wilt......less
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