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Journal articles on the topic 'Types of profit'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

العبدلي, آلاء علي عبد, and أ. د. حيدر محمد علي السهلاني. "Profit, its types and legal provisions." Journal of Jurisprudence Faculty, no. 47 (June 30, 2024): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.36324/fqhj.vi47.15162.

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يهدف البحث إِلى إلقاء الضّوء على أنواع الرِّبح في المُعاملات التي ترد في الشّريعة الإسلامية، إذ إنَّه يُبين ان الرِّبح أنواع منها الرِّبح المادي، والرِّبح المَعنوي، والتفصيل في أَحكام الرِّبح من حيث كونه نتاج فعل من أفعال المُكلف، ولكلِّ فعل حُكم شرعي مجعول من الشَّارع المُقدس. ويُقَسَم الرِّبح حسب تقسيمات الحُكم الشَّرعي، من حيث الوجوب، والحُرمة، والاستحباب، والكراهة، والإِباحة.، وكيف يُمكن للمُكلف أن يُرجِع الأرباح المُتحصلة من المُعاملات التي يقوم بها ألي أنواعها، وأحكامها المترتبة على موضوعاتها، فيمكن تميز الجائز منها والمُحرم وغيره، عن طريق مَعرفة نوعه وقسمه.

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2

Bahloul, Walid. "Short-term contrarian and sentiment by traders’ types on futures markets." Review of Behavioral Finance 10, no. 4 (2018): 298–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rbf-07-2017-0063.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the interaction between sentiments and past prices can lead to higher abnormal profit in futures markets. Such examinations allow the authors to relate the paper to the debate that focuses on examining the behavior of different types of traders in futures market, and who among these traders destabilize the markets. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors develop new dynamic strategies in US futures market that combine sentiment by type of traders based on trader position provided by the Disaggregated Commitments of Traders with

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Kiseleva, T. Yu. "Financial resources of the Russian non-profit organizations earned through income-generating activity." Financial Analytics: Science and Experience 13, no. 3 (2020): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fa.13.3.271.

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Subject. The article focuses on principal types of monetary income earned by non-profit organizations through income-generating activities. Objectives. I evaluate whether it is possible to increase the available funding of various non-profit organization with different types of monetary income. Methods. The study is based on methods of logic and statistical analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, generalization. Results. The article presents the analysis of key types of business activities that non-profit organizations are allowed to engage in. I also evaluate the percentage of the respecti

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Кучеренко and Anna Kucherenko. "Income and Profit Organization through the Prism of Interests of Stakeholders." Economics of the Firm 3, no. 1 (2014): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4893.

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The author considers the mechanism of various types of profits generation and appropriation, bearing in mind interests of different groups of people, related in one or another way to the enterprise (stakeholders). Profit ratio is presented as well as a measure of profit gains spending efficiency from stakeholders’ standpoint.

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Sirenko, K. Yu. "Formation and distribution of the enterprise profit." ScientifiScientific Herald of Sivershchyna. Series: Education. Social and Behavioural Sciences 2021, no. 2 (2021): 171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32755/sjeducation.2021.02.171.

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The purpose of the article is to study the stages of formation and distribution directions of enterprise profits, substantiation of proposals for improving the process of profit management in the enterprise. Profit occupies one of the main places in the general system of value instruments of a market economy. It ensures the stability of the enterprise, guarantees its full financial independence. The methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison were used in the article. The characteristic of a role of the enterprise profit in the conditions of market economy is resulted. Some types of the ente

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Hliebova, Alla, and Olena Olkhovyk. "A non-profit organization: essence, types and basic business processes." Економіка і регіон/ Economics and region, no. 2(77) (July 31, 2020): 68–76. https://doi.org/10.26906/eir.2020.2(77).1950.

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The essence, types, signs and functions of non-profit organizations are investigated. The processes needed to be provided for effective functioning of a non-profit organization are identified. World experience of non-profit organizations’ possibility to carry out business activities in the practice of different countries is analyzed. The market economy involves the active development of non-profit organizations that arise and operate in various sectors of the economy (education, culture, art, services, etc.). The role of the so-called "third sector" is important for civil society development,

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Ighfirli Amanda Izzati, Aida Haya Afifah, Neisya Jamilatus Syarifah, Wakhid Fitri Albar, and Deddy Rahmadi. "Profit Optimization of Ngawen Orchid MSME." Mathematical Journal of Modelling and Forecasting 1, no. 1 (2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/mjmf.v1i1.5.

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The Ngawen Orchid MSME (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise) in Ngawen Hamlet, Ngawen Village, Muntilan District, Magelang Regency is a promising business opportunity. Apart from being in great demand, ornamental orchid plants also have a very high selling value. Orchid ornamental plants that are cultivated consist of three types: Dendrobium, Cattleya, and Phalaenopsis. This study aims to optimize profits by considering the number of plants and fertilizers used. This optimal profit can be achieved by applying the science of linear programming, one of which is the simplex method. The data colle

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Nurmadina, Alya, and Eny Fahrati. "Analisis Keuntungan Pedagang Ikan Segar Pasar Kalindo Kota Banjarmasin." JIEP: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 6, no. 2 (2023): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jiep.v6i2.11083.

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This study aims to analyze the factors affecting fish traders' profits in the Kalindo Banjarmasin market. The research location is in the Kalindo Market Banjarmasin, with a population and sample of 31 traders. They are using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. The data in this study were sourced from primary data from interviews and questionnaires. Variables consist of profit, working capital, working hours, labor, and types of merchandise. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis (OLS) with a significance level 0.05. The results of the study indicate that the factors of w

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Goloshchapova, Lyudmila V., and Elena V. Maltseva. "EVALUATION OF THE ABSOLUTE RESULTS OF THE LEADING COMPANIES OF THE OIL AND GAS COMPLEX: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 3, no. 11 (2021): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.11.03.001.

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The study is devoted to the analysis of the balance sheet profit of the leading companies in the oil and gas industry. The types of profits were considered, as well as the dynamics of the changes in indicators affecting their formation were analyzed. In addition, the article considers the composition and struc-ture of the balance sheet profit, factors affecting its size. Based on the financial statements of the companies, an idea of the state of profit in the companies «Rosneft», «Lukoil», «Gazprom» and «Tatneft» has been com-piled. The paper analyzes quantitative statistical indicators that r

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Mas'ud, M. Imron, and Abdul Halim. "Optimasi Proses Produksi Kerupuk Bawang dengan Metode Linear Programming Pada UD. T." UNISTEK 10, no. 2 (2023): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33592/unistek.v10i2.3458.

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Nowadays UD. T produces three types of onion crackers but has not yet obtained maximum profit, so a solution is needed to obtain optimal profit. This study aims to optimize the onion cracker production process with the Linear Programming method at UD. Q. Data collection techniques used interviews and documentation, analysis techniques used linear programming simplex methods with QM for Windows. The calculation results show that the optimal profit for the company is Rp. 11,361,725 by producing 636 packs of Manalagi Onion Crackers, 420 packs of 2 Butterfly brands and 1277.19 packs of Roses brand

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Costa, Ecio de Farias, and Jack E. Houston. "Consumer-driven profit maximization in broiler production and processing." Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural 42, no. 1 (2004): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-20032004000100003.

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Increased emphasis on consumer markets in broiler profit-maximizing modeling generates results that differ from those by traditional profit-maximization models. This approach reveals that the adoption of step pricing and consideration of marketing options (examples of responsiveness to consumers) affect the optimal feed formulation levels and types of broiler production to generate maximum profitability. The adoption of step pricing attests that higher profits can be obtained for targeted weights only if premium prices for broiler products are contracted.

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Казючиц, А. С. "Fundamentals of enterprise profit formation: concept, types and sources." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 3(116) (May 15, 2020): 1056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2020.116.3.224.

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Рассматривая прибыль в качестве экономической категории, она является последним финансовым результатом работы организации. Прибыль можно назвать индикатором, отражающим в самом ярком виде эффективность деятельности, количество выполненных работ с акцентом на их качество, показатель состояния производительности персонала, количество расходов, а также способностей, которые привлекут вкладчиков. Considering profit as an economic category, it is the last financial result of the organization. Profit can be called an indicator, reflecting in its most vivid form the effectiveness of the activity, the

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Yoo, Sun-Keun, and Se-Hak Chun. "The Effects of Corporate Financial Disclosure on Stock Prices: A Case Study of Korea’s Compulsory Preliminary Earnings Announcements." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 16, no. 12 (2023): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16120504.

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This paper examines the effects of Korea’s compulsory preliminary earnings announcements on stock prices using individual corporate financial disclosure data. Korea’s compulsory preliminary earnings announcements are similar to the US’s fair disclosures in that they are preliminary settlement disclosures. Disclosure regulation aims to prevent insider trading and resolve information asymmetry among investors by promptly disclosing unconfirmed internal settlement information prior to an external audit. The disclosure of such changes in profit or loss is generally expected to affect stock prices.

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Wang, Ying, Chang Liu, Weihong Yuan, and Lili Li. "MRL-Based Model for Diverse Bidding Decision-Makings of Power Retail Company in the Wholesale Electricity Market of China." Axioms 12, no. 2 (2023): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12020142.

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Power retail companies in the electricity market make profits through buying and selling power energy in the wholesale and retail markets, respectively. Traditionally, they are assumed to bid in the wholesale market with the same objective, i.e., maximize the profit. This paper proposes a multiagent reinforcement learning (MRL)-based model to simulate the diverse bidding decision-making concerning various operation objectives and the profit-sharing modes of power retail companies in China’s wholesale electricity market, which contributes to a more realistic modeling and simulation of the retai

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He, Hua, and Changsong Ma. "Revenue Share Contract Design with Marketing Strategy Types of Supplier." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 35, no. 02 (2018): 1840002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021759591840002x.

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In this paper, we design a revenue share contract when a supplier is the leader and a retailer is the follower in a two-echelon supply chain. The innovation lies in dividing the supplier’s marketing strategies into two types: the profit oriented and the sales oriented to distinguish the different decision objectives from previous literatures assuming the supplier and retailer are both profit oriented. The paper uses the revenue share contract to reach supply chain coordination and Pareto optimality in the supply chain with the profit-oriented suppliers. However, the contract makes supply chain

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Handayani, Sutri, Djoko Suhardjanto, E. Muhtar, and Setianingtyas Honggowati. "Analysis of Current Ratio, Debt Ratio, Net Profit Margin, and Total Asset Turnover Change in Income (Study of Multinational Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2020-2022 Period)." Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting 4, no. 4 (2023): 863–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v4i4.900.

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A change in profit is a condition in which a company over a period of time has an increase or decrease in profits compared to the previous period. Failure to make a profit will seriously affect business operations. In the short term, losses may not matter unless the business suffers a substantial loss. The purpose of this research is to empirically examine if the ratios of current, debt, net profit margin, and total asset turnover have a significant impact on the growth of income for MNCs included in the IDX index between the years 2020 and 2022. This kind of study is quantitative and makes us

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Wakili, Adamu. "Linear Programming on Bread Production Using Uncertainty Approach." Academic Journal of Applied Mathematical Sciences, no. 82 (February 2, 2022): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ajams.82.27.29.

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Linear programming is applied to bread production and the raw materials for the research were collected from the bakery industry in Lokoja which were clearly identified. The paper took into account three types of bread with estimated profits and the problem was formulated from the collected data. The formulated problem was parameterized into parametric linear programming and run using the developed algorithm of linear programming The result obtained indicates that profit is made at d different values of the parameter,t, leaving the company the choice of any profit it wants to get.

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M. Viader, Ana, and Maritza I. Espina. "Are not-for-profits learning from for-profit-organizations? A look into governance." Corporate Governance 14, no. 1 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-11-2012-0083.

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Purpose – This paper aims to focus on governance theories and practice variables in Not-For-Profit Service Organizations. The research answers two questions: what the prevalent governance practices of Not-for-Profit Service Organizations (NPSO) are, and whether there is a crossover among NPSO governance practices and For-Profit-Organization theories in the literature. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire to the 285 organizations within the defined parameters obtained a 18 percent response. Data were collected regarding the boards' predominant roles in the organizations' governance act

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Husain, Tsalis Kurniawan, and Farizah Dhaifina Amran. "Maksimisasi Keuntungan pada Usaha Hidroponik." Jurnal Ilmiah Membangun Desa dan Pertanian 9, no. 2 (2024): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v9i2.966.

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Cultivating vegetables using the hydroponic method is essential in developing Indonesia's agricultural sector. Vegetables are a type of food that is consumed at any time, so there is always a stable demand all the time. The ever-increasing demand and awareness of the importance of nutritious food make hydroponics an attractive option. The potential for high demand for vegetables opens up many business opportunities to meet people's needs, including cultivating hydroponic vegetables. This research aims to analyze the actual profits of hydroponic businesses and the maximum profits they can gener

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Lowe, W. J., T. D. Byram, and F. E. Bridgwater. "Selecting Loblolly Pine Parents for Seed Orchards to Minimize the Cost of Producing Pulp." Forest Science 45, no. 2 (1999): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/45.2.213.

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Abstract Southern pine cooperative breeding programs currently emphasize genetic improvement of growth rates. When a deployment population, typically a seed orchard, is established, there is an opportunity to emphasize traits other than growth rate to maximize the profit of individual cooperators in the breeding program. We studied a Southeast Texas breeding population and developed selection indexes to optimize profits for Kraft and mechanical pulp mills. The relative economic weights for volume and wood density were 1:8.1 and 1:8.6 for Kraft and mechanical pulp mills, respectively. Choosing

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Robertson, William Brett. "Mapping the Profit Motive: A Comparative Analysis of For-Profit and Non-Profit Charter Schools." education policy analysis archives 23 (July 26, 2015): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v23.1864.

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For-profit charter schools represent a controversial new market-based education reform (Garcia, Barber, & Molnar, 2009; Conn, 2002). This essay explores how schools operated by for-profit corporations differ from those operated by non-profit organizations. Specifically, do for-profit charter schools locate in demographically distinct areas and serve different student populations than similar schools operated by non-profit providers? Research suggests that charter school operators in some districts appear to strategically locate their schools in an effort to exclude certain student populati

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Sharkova, A. V., T. I. Chinaeva, and A. S. Klepackaya. "The analysis of activity of the construction organizations based on studying of profit indicators." Statistics and Economics 15, no. 5 (2018): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2018-5-40-50.

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The aim of research. Construction belongs to one of types of economic activity and key industry, thereby having significant effect on economy and growth of well-being of nation and its economic entities. However, the crisis conditions of the last few years could not but affect the construction activity. In this regard, the analysis of the existing situation in the sphere of construction and studying of the factors, influencing increase in efficiency of activity of the construction organizations is a relevant task. The goal of this article is to study and analyze construction area by studying i

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Blocher, Edward, and Kung H. Chen. "The ALLTEL Pavilion Case: Strategy and CVP Analysis." Issues in Accounting Education 19, no. 4 (2004): 555–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2004.19.4.555.

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The ALLTEL Pavilion case is intended for the undergraduate management accounting or cost accounting course and the M.B.A. management accounting course. It provides an excellent context in which to examine strategic issues in using cost volume profit (CVP) in a service business. Based on an actual entertainment pavilion, the case develops many factors unique to a service business and illustrates how pavilion management can use CVP analysis to determine which artists to attract and what kinds of contracts to have with these performers. The Pavilion has two types of customers (paying ticket holde

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WASINGYA, Patrick BATSUMIRWA, Francis KEMPAY, Grégoire MAMBA, Godefroid MONDE, and onas NGOY. "Contribution of the technologies introduced by ENABEL to improving the rice-growing value chain at Banalia Territory, Tshopo - RDC." Journal of Research in Agriculture and Animal Science 12, no. 01 (2025): 22–30. https://doi.org/10.35629/9459-12012230.

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The overall aim of this study was to investigate the introduction of new technologies by ENABEL to improve the rice value chain in the Banalia area. At the end of this investigation, we analysed the different types of rice milling technologies, their yield, and the profit they generate for the beneficiaries. The surveys were carried out in Tshopo Province, specifically in Banalia Territory, and the results of these studies show that: The analysis of the results shows that : - The UFF takeover achieved a higher profit of USD 1,658.4 in 2022, followed by the AMANI takeover. - In the case of UFF,

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Bian, Lishuang, Qizhou Hu, Xiaoyu Wu, Xin Zhang, and Minjia Tan. "Competition in Bike-Sharing: Effects of Discount Incentives and Comfort Level." Symmetry 17, no. 5 (2025): 776. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17050776.

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This paper investigates the competition between two types of bike-sharing services, particularly at bus stops, subway stations, and residential areas. Two types of shared bicycle travel choice models are constructed. A shared bicycle operator attracts users by implementing discount incentives, and the comfort levels of riding the two types of shared bicycles are different. The equilibrium fares, potential user demand, and operator profits under joint profit maximization, price competition, and potential user demand competition scenarios are derived, and the competitive results under the three

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Fitriasuri, Fitriasuri, and Safira Azzahra. "Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Perubahan Laba pada Perusahaan Tekstil dan Garmen yang terdaftar di BEI." Briliant: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual 9, no. 2 (2024): 278–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.28926/briliant.v9i1.1626.

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This research was taken from 2019 to 2022 which aims to examine the effect of financial ratios on changes in profits in textile and garment manufacturing companies listed on the IDX. Several types of ratios are used as dependent variables in the analysis of financial indicators such as Quick Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio, and Debt to Asset Ratio. Independent variables include Inventory Turnover, Inventory to Sales Ratio, and Net Profit Margin. All businesses in the textile and apparel sector were included in the population of this study. In the study, 15 companies were taken through purposive sam

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Lesmana, Elsa Tianda, Darmo H Suwiryo, and Andri Indrawan. "Pengaruh Volume Usaha Dan Modal Sendiri Terhadap Laba Pada Koperasi Nurul Iman Dwiguna." JAKA (Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan, dan Auditing) 4, no. 2 (2023): 240–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56696/jaka.v4i2.8693.

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This study aims to determine the effect of business volume and own capital on profits at the Nurul Iman Dwiguna Cooperative. The research methodology used is a quantitative method with an associative approach. The sampling technique used in this study was non-probability sampling with a total census sampling technique. Data collection techniques use secondary data types. While the data analysis technique uses parametric with the classical assumption test, regression analysis and hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS 25 software. The results of this study indicate that the volume of business

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Lu, Rongqin, Xiaomei Zhao, and Yingqi Wang. "A Tailored Pricing Strategy for Different Types of Users in Hybrid Carsharing Systems." Algorithms 15, no. 5 (2022): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15050172.

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Considering the characteristics of different types of users in hybrid carsharing systems, in which sharing autonomous vehicles (SAVs) and conventional sharing cars (CSCs) coexist, a tailored pricing strategy (TPS) is proposed to maximize the operator’s profit and minimize all users’ costs. The fleet sizes and sizes of SAVs’ stations are also determined simultaneously. A bi-objective nonlinear programming model is established, and a genetic algorithm is applied to solve it. Based on the operational data in Lanzhou, China, carsharing users are clustered into three types. They are loyal users, lo

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Garrido, Melissa M., Kirk C. Allison, Mark J. Bergeron, and Bryan Dowd. "Hospital Religious Affiliation and Outcomes for High-Risk Infants." Medical Care Research and Review 69, no. 3 (2011): 316–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558711432156.

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The effect of hospital organizational affiliation on perinatal outcomes is unknown. Using the 2004 American Hospital Association Annual Survey and Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases, the authors examined relationships among organizational affiliation, equipment and service availability and provision, and in-hospital mortality for 5,133 infants across five states born with very low and extremely low birth weight and congenital anomalies. In adjusted bivariate probit selection models, the authors found that government hospitals had significantly higher mortality ra

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Moczulska, Marta, Bartosz Seiler, and Janina Stankiewicz. "Coopetition in for-profit and non-profit organizations - micro level." Management 23, no. 2 (2019): 138–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/manment-2019-0023.

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Summary A situation in which appears at the same time a competition and cooperation between the subjects is defined as a coopetition. First of all it is considered at the mezo level – between the companies, but it can be analysed at the micro level – inside the organization. In the second case, it concerns shaping the relations among the employers which compete one with another and at the same time they cooperate. Among the organizations where the coopetion can be analysed we distinguish two types - for profit and non profit. A difference of the functioning of the for profit and non profit org

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Babiak, N., and N. Krutous. "CVP-analysis in the conditions of multiproduct manufacturing as a tool of operational controlling." UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE 109, no. 1 (2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/2313-092x/2021-1(109)-2.

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CVP-analysis in the conditions of multiproduct manufacturing as a tool of operational controlling The peculiarities of CVP analysis in conditions of multiproduct manufacturing are revealed, comparing methods of its implementation are carried out. The possibilities of application the results of analysis when making managerial decisions in the operating system are determined. The problem of distribution of general constant retained expenses on separate types of products by various methods, as well as the definition of a break-free level of production and realization of certain types of products

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E.H.J. FoEh, John, and Dr Muhammad Asif Khan. "OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCTION AND BENEFITS OF USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING IN THE LINGGARJATI FURNITURE BUSINESS." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, no. 10 (2022): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v06i10.042.

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Massive exploitation of natural forests and concentration in the plywood industry until the late 1980s caused Indonesia to currently experience a shortage of raw materials for the secondary (meuble) industry. Especially for teak, currently many furniture industries depend on the supply of sawn wood from the surrounding community forests. This study intends to determine the level of furniture production from PT. Linggarjati which relies on the sawn timber industry from the surrounding community forests in order to generate optimum profits. The secondary data used in this study were obtained fro

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Fitriyani, Sinta, Nanda Anugrah, Dedek Kustiawati, and Wulan Mutiara Cahyani. "Penerapan Limit Fungsi untuk Mencari Keuntungan Maksimum Ditinjau dari Biaya Marginal." COMSERVA Indonesian Jurnal of Community Services and Development 2, no. 08 (2022): 1288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/comserva.v2i08.485.

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Marginal costs are changes in total costs in the form of increases or decreases in total costs due to changes in the quality of goods or services. Through the types of production costs used as processing costs, it will be seen to what extent the use of capital will be used and profits will be obtained. This analysis will help to what extent a company can determine the planning for the business that is built, whether to get maximum or minimum profits. This study uses literature study, which is research in which data sources and data collection are obtained by taking library data, reading, recor

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Fitriyani, Sinta, Nanda Anugrah, Dedek Kustiawati, and Wulan Mutiara Cahyani. "Penerapan Limit Fungsi untuk Mencari Keuntungan Maksimum Ditinjau dari Biaya Marginal." COMSERVA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat 2, no. 8 (2022): 1288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/comserva.v2i8.485.

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Marginal costs are changes in total costs in the form of increases or decreases in total costs due to changes in the quality of goods or services. Through the types of production costs used as processing costs, it will be seen to what extent the use of capital will be used and profits will be obtained. This analysis will help to what extent a company can determine the planning for the business that is built, whether to get maximum or minimum profits. This study uses literature study, which is research in which data sources and data collection are obtained by taking library data, reading, recor

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ORLOV, Oliver. "INNOVATIONS IN PLANNING BASED ON THE MARGINAL APPROACH CONCEPT." Economy of Ukraine 2018, no. 5 (2018): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2018.05.023.

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In modern economic theory and practice, there is a whole range of problems, where the lack of analytical tools does not allow adequately measuring the expected results. A number of hypotheses are presented; proofs of these hypotheses show that a set of important economic problems (planning of cost production, profit, break-even point by product, pricing for new products and evaluation of effectiveness of inno-vation projects) do not meet an appropriate solution because of the lack of analytical tools. As an alternative, solutions of these problems based on the marginal approach concept are pro

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Liu, Xiaohong, and Dan A. Simunic. "Profit Sharing in an Auditing Oligopoly." Accounting Review 80, no. 2 (2005): 677–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2005.80.2.677.

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This paper examines how partners in an audit firm can use profit-sharing rules to induce optimal partner behavior from the firm's point of view, taking into account the strategic competition of firms in an auditing oligopoly. We use a linear contracting framework to investigate the effects of profit-sharing rules on individual partners' various decisions, including their pricing strategies and effort choices.We assume that efficient audits of different types of clients require different effort profiles with respect to degree of partner cooperation. For example, the audit of a complex company r

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Dali, Daryana, Yopi Andry Lesnussa, and Venn Yan Ishak Ilwaru. "Optimalisasi Keuntungan Menggunakan Metode Branch And Bound Pada Produksi Spring Bed." Jurnal Matematika 12, no. 2 (2023): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmat.2022.v12.i02.p151.

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PT Satelit Maluku is a company that produces spring beds with three types, namely 2in1, ordinary spring beds and single beds. Every company established aims to get big profits as well as PT Satelit Maluku. To obtain large profits, companies need to make strategies so that each available material can be allocated optimally and appropriately. The purpose of this research is PT Satelit Maluku can optimize the profit of spring bed production by using the Branch and Bound and QM for Windows V5 methods. From the results of calculations using the Branch and Bound method and QM for windows V5, the opt

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Khounthikoumane, Sengphachan, Jae Bong Chang, and Yoonsuk Lee. "Profit Efficiency of Rice Farms in Wet-Season Lowlands in Champhone District, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR." Agriculture 11, no. 7 (2021): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070657.

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This study analyzed factors affecting profit efficiency of rice farms in wet-season lowlands in the Champhone District of Savannakhet Province in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic based on a farmer’s decision to maximize profits. The profit efficiency approach has an advantage in that it provides insights into both inputs and outputs. To analyze profit efficiency, the stochastic production frontier model with assumptions about the time period and types of inputs was applied in the study. The study found similar results to previous studies related to efficiency measurements using a stochasti

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Savitri, Peti, and Ahmad Nurkamali. "PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL IN OPTIMIZATION SALES OF GOODS THROUGH THE USE OF CURVE FIT SOFTWARE – TOOLS." Tesseract: International Journal of Geometry and Applied Mathematics 1, no. 1 (2023): 41–53. https://doi.org/10.57254/tess.v1i1.10.

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It should be that a company in any field will follow the laws of capital economics that is getting the maximum profit with the smallest effort. This is where optimization as an attempt to get the maximum profit begins. This study aims to help determine the optimum value in a product sales mix by applying partial differential theory and analyzing the margins' contribution between variable costs, fixed costs, and sales volume. The method used in this research is a case study of partial differential theory using tools in Curve Fit - Tools version 1.6 which is used to obtain a suitable curve using

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Pankratov, E. L. "ON PROGNOSIS OF PROFIT TO OBTAIN MAXIMAL VALUE WITH ACCOUNT CHANGING OF PRICES." JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE FINANCE AND ECONOMICS 4, no. 2 (2022): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47509/jqfe.2022.v04i02.06.

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This paper presents an analytical approach for estimation of maximum value of profit of an enterprise with account several types of products. Profit maximization gives a possibility to take into account changing of price of products on the market. As an example we consider estimation of profit for the accounting of three types of products. But the introduced approach gives a possibility to change number of products, if necessary.

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Bachtijeva, Diana. "Assumptions, Types of Accounting Manipulations and Their Application." Buhalterinės apskaitos teorija ir praktika, no. 23 (May 6, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/batp.2021.33.

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The article describes the bonus plan, debt/equity and political cost hypotheses, based on a positive accounting theory, with reference to opportunistic approach, explaining the reasons for choosing accounting methods. Research based on these hypotheses has revealed the main types of financial information manipulation - earnings management and creative accounting. After conducting the analysis of scientific sources, the article presents the definitions of earnings management and creative accounting of various authors, distinguishes the types of earnings management – accrual-based earnings manag

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Chen, Li-Mei. "25 YEARS AFTER THE PASSING OF THE NPO LAW: EXAMINING THE ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY OF OLDER VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3136.

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Abstract Japan has experienced a growth in non-profit organizations since the enactment of the NPO Law in 1998. In 2022, there were 175,046 volunteer organizations with approximately 6.7 million volunteers. Many of these non-profits providing community-based social services are disproportionately represented by older volunteers. Tbe benefits of older volunteerism have been well-documented stating that society gains from the older adults’ contributions as well as older adults’ lives are improved and enhanced through volunteerism. However, evidence is lacking as to how older volunteer organizati

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Berta, Whitney, Audrey Laporte, and Vivian Valdmanis. "Observations on Institutional Long-Term Care in Ontario: 1996–2002." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 24, no. 1 (2005): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cja.2005.0002.

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ABSTRACTWe provide descriptive statistics for data collected via the Residential Care Facilities Survey (RCFS), from long-term care (LTC) facilities operating in Ontario between 1996 and 2002. The LTC sector in Ontario is dominated by large, proprietary for-profit facilities. The proportion of residents receiving extended care has increased from 53 per cent in 1996 to over 61 per cent in 2002. Government-owned facilities are significantly larger than both for-profit proprietary facilities and lay non-profit facilities. Religious and lay non-profit facilities provide care to more residents 85 y

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Aulia Dwi Maulidah, Siti, Andung Rokhmat Hudaya, and Bobby Rachmat Saefudin. "Model Pemrograman Linier untuk Memaksimalkan Laba Disertai Analisis Dual: Sebuah Kasus pada Agroindustri Kreatif Roti di Desa Keduanan Kecamatan Depok Kabupaten Cirebon." AGRITEKH (Jurnal Agribisnis dan Teknologi Pangan) 1, no. 02 (2021): 130–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32627/agritekh.v1i02.47.

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In an effort to maximize production profits, companies often face constraints that come from the resources used in the production process. Moreover, companies that produce more than one type of product are required to be able to make optimization efforts in determining the level of production that can achieve maximum profit with limited available resources. This study aims to analyze the most optimal combination of production levels to maximize profits from four types of sweet breads produced based on 3 resource constraints, namely the availability of raw materials, direct labor hours and mach

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Chen, Chun-Nan, Carl R. Chen, and Ying Sophie Huang. "Which Types of Traders and Orders Profit from Futures Market Trading?" Journal of Derivatives 21, no. 4 (2014): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jod.2014.21.4.049.

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Kryszak, Łukasz. "Profit Efficiency in EU FADN Farms under Different Types of Agriculture." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 18(33), no. 3 (2018): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2018.18.3.78.

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The aim of the paper was to assess the profit efficiency in representative farms in FADN regions operating in various types of agriculture. For this purpose, clusters of FADN regions with relatively similar dominant types of agriculture were selected on the basis of their partial productivity indicators. Then, efficiency indicators were calculated for each region, using various types of DEA models. The data were adapted from FADN and covered the 2004 and 2015 period. On the basis of analysis conducted in the article, it was found that the farms located in Mediterranean regions were the most ef

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Kryszak, Łukasz. "Profit Efficiency in EU FADN Farms under Different Types of Agriculture." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 18(33), no. 3 (2018): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.3.78.

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Gnezditskaia, A. "Russian banks’ profit strategies: the evidence from various types of banks." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 36, no. 2 (2003): 163–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(03)00024-2.

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This paper offers an analysis of profit strategies pursued by Russian banks depending on their ownership type, including federal state banks, banks of mixed ownership, banks connected to enterprises producing for the final consumers, and regional pocket banks owned by one particular business group or enterprise. The paper outlines a set of factors that capture a range of potential hindrances on the way to banks’ involvement in Russian economy. It traces how the characteristics of the state regulation and peculiarities of the economic sectors affect the proliferation of certain type of banks—po

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Gosal, Sharon Gloria, Winston Pontoh, and Meily Y. B. Kalalo. "Analisis penjualan listrik prabayar dan pascabayar dalam meningkatkan laba pada PT PLN (Persero) Unit Pelayanan Pelanggan (UP3) Manado." Riset Akuntansi dan Portofolio Investasi 3, no. 1 (2025): 125–31. https://doi.org/10.58784/rapi.287.

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Sales are activities carried out by sellers in selling goods and services with the hope of making a profit from these transactions. This research aims to analyze the sale of prepaid and postpaid electrical energy in increasing profits at PT PLN (Persero) Customer Service Unit (UP3) Manado. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with quantitative data types. The research results show that sales of prepaid and postpaid electrical energy have not been able to increase profits at PT PLN (Persero) Manado Customer Service Unit (UP3), where net profit experienced a decrease in certain p

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Gurevich, Gregory, Yuval Cohen, and Baruch Keren. "Optimizing Bundling Policy of Single-Period Products." International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems 5, no. 4 (2014): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijoris.2014100101.

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Combining different product types into standard discount bundles is a common strategy used by producers and wholesalers to increase overall sales profitability. While markets consist of many producers and retailers, a deal is typically made between a single producer and a single retailer. This paper deals with a producer who sells items separately, and considers setting and selling standard discount bundles. The purchased wholesale bundles are unpacked by the retailer and the items are sold to the end-users one by one. Thus, the end-user demand distribution is unchanged, but the retailer's ord

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