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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Typewriters – History

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Academic literature on the topic 'Typewriters – History'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Typewriters – History"

1

Plotnick, Rachel. "Tethered women, mobile men: Gendered mobilities of typewriting." Mobile Media & Communication 8, no. 2 (2019): 188–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050157919855756.

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In recent years, scholars have turned their attention to the nexus of mobility, space, and communication practices. At the same time, historians of information and communication technologies (ICTs) have amassed a large body of literature on the history of typewriters and their contribution to gendered office work. To date, however, these two strains have yet to converge. This article thus examines intersections between typewriting, gender, and mobility, focusing on the case of portable typewriters to investigate users’ “differential” mobilities before World War II in the United States. In this

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Bolintineanu, Alexandra, and Jaya Thirugnanasampanthan. "The Typewriter Under the Bed: Introducing Digital Humanities through Banned Books and Endangered Knowledge." KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies 2 (November 29, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/kula.30.

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In 2017, I taught an Introduction to Digital Humanities course for undergraduate students at the University of Toronto. The course’s unifying theme was banned books. What moved me to focus the course in this way was the illegal typewriter that lived under my childhood bed: I grew up in formerly communist Eastern Europe, where typewriters were tightly controlled by the government. Yet my family owned an illegal, unregistered typewriter, hidden under my bed behind the off-season clothes, because they saw the ability to write and disseminate one’s thoughts as a technology of survival.In the Intro

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3

Myers, Matt. "Racialized Obsolescence: Multinational Corporations, Labor Conflict, and the Closure of the Imperial Typewriter Company in Britain, 1974–1975." International Labor and Working-Class History 102 (2022): 23–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547922000199.

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AbstractThis article will explore one of the most significant strikes by migrant workers in Britain during the 1970s and the subsequent company closure the year after their victory. In May 1974, a predominantly South Asian workforce at the Imperial Typewriter Company in Leicester went on strike over unequal bonus payments and discrimination in promotion. The shop stewards committee and Transport & General Workers Union branch refused their support and the workforce split partly on racial lines. The strikers stayed on strike for almost 14 weeks until they emerged victorious. Though it appea

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Benzon, Paul. "Lost in Transcription: Postwar Typewriting Culture, Andy Warhol's Bad Book, and the Standardization of Error." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 125, no. 1 (2010): 92–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2010.125.1.92.

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This essay considers the instability of the typewriter as a writing machine and as an object within the media history of the twentieth century, examining how the typewriter keyboard and the transcriptive protocols of the modern office materially shape writing practice. The standardization of the typewriter system produces a textual aesthetics of error and uncertainty rather than of mechanized circumscription. Andy Warhol's a is a novel whose mode of production explores the limits of the typewriter's transcriptive uncertainty. Written by a distributed network of typists and inundated with error

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Dave, Bharat R. "Integrated Operation Theater Spine Suite (IOTSS) History of Spine Surgery: Lord Krishna the First Eternal Spine Surgeon." Back Bone Journal 2, no. 2 (2021): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/bbj.2022.v02i02.021.

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The Mission has been to improve the quality of human life and do no harm. The significant change experienced during the training at England 1991 to 1996. Saga to be the best, be different and be unique continued. Necessary equipment installed like C Arm for fluoroscopy, radiolucent operation table and Anaesthesia machine. Safety increased due to optimisation of the operating room by implementation of available gadgets. Many of us have witnessed the transition of an era, from handwritten Operation schedule call books to smartphone apps., from manual typewriters to high tech computers for resear

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Fowler, D. "Smoking Typewriters: The Sixties Underground Press and the Rise of Alternative Media in America, by John McMillian." English Historical Review 129, no. 536 (2014): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cet377.

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Eslit, Edgar R. "Traversing the Digital Era: The Amazing Evolution of Pen and Paper to Screens and Keyboards." International Journal of Education, Language, and Religion 5, no. 2 (2023): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/ijelr.v5i2.7659.

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In this research article, the researcher delves into the ebb and flow of human ingenuity as the paper traces the evolution of writing from papyrus to pixels. Discover how humble instruments like quill pens and typewriters have propelled human into the digital frontier, forever reshaping the art of expression in the modern age. This article examines the evolution of writing tools from traditional pen and paper to digital writing in the modern age. It explores the development of writing materials such as papyrus, parchment, and paper, as well as the invention of writing tools including quill pen

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Hoffmann, Christoph, and Barbara Wittmann. "Introduction: Knowledge in the Making: Drawing and Writing as Research Techniques." Science in Context 26, no. 2 (2013): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889713000033.

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ArgumentDrawing and writing number among the most widespread scientific practices of representation. Neither photography, graphic recording apparatuses, typewriters, nor digital word- and image-processing ever completely replaced drawing and writing by hand. The interaction of hand, paper, and pen indeed involves much more than simply recording or visualizing what was previously thought, observed, or imagined. Both writing and drawing have the power to translate concepts and observations into two-dimensional, manageable, reproducible objects. They help to develop research questions and they op

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Mladenova, Olga. "On libraries, databases and the advancement of knowledge in the field of language history." Slavic World in the Third Millennium 18, no. 1-2 (2023): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2023.18.1-2.07.

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Recalling her past conversations with G.K. Venediktov, a leading specialist in 19th-century standard Bulgarian, the author reflects on the correlation between the methodology of linguistic research and its outcomes. The recollections pertain mainly to the Moscow stage of the author's life (1981–1992). It was a time of transition from the Soviet to the post-Soviet era in Russian history, when computers were just entering researchers’ daily routine, and when one had to sign up in advance to get access for a certain short time slot to one of the institute’s computers. Back then, there was a state

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James, Leslie. "“Essential Things Such as Typewriters”: Development Discourse, Trade Union Expertise, and the Dialogues of Decolonization between the Caribbean and West Africa." Journal of Social History 53, no. 2 (2019): 378–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shz100.

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Abstract This article examines how the liberatory ideals of transnational projects could become codified in particular processes of thought, deed, and expression. During his term of service in Nigeria between 1960 and 1962 the Trinidadian union leader McDonald Moses mobilized a number of phenomena central to the transformative projects of the mid-twentieth century: the paramountcy of psychology to “true” transformation and change; the embrace of programmatic action; and the belief that both psychological transformation and programmatic action could be articulated through new and enlightened fo

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Typewriters – History"

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Rawnsley, Richard William. "From Gutenberg to gigabytes: Writing machines in historical perspective." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1105.

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Heberling, Rachel Elaine. "Obsolete Communication: An Apparition of the Disembodied Hand and Voice." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306854239.

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Coretto, Elizabeth A. ""The Fountain Pen and the Typewriter": The Rise of the Homophile Press in the 1950s and 1960s." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1495032110826066.

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Books on the topic "Typewriters – History"

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M, Linoff Victor, ed. The typewriter: An illustrated history : typewriter topics. Dover Publications, 2000.

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Dingwerth, Leonhard. Die Geschichte der deutschen Schreibmaschinen-Fabriken. Historisches Schreibmaschinen-Archiv, 2008.

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Polt, Richard F. H., 1964-, ed. Typewriter: The history, the machine, the writers. Shelter Harbor Press, 2015.

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Rachline, Michel. La belle histoire de l'écriture: La saga Olympia. Albin Michel, 1993.

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A, Russo Thomas. Mechanical typewriters: Their history, value, and legacy. Schiffer Pub., 2002.

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Hermans, Willem Frederik. De schrijfmachine mijmert gekkepraat. Thomas Rap, 1989.

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Beeching, Wilfred A. Century of the typewriter. British Typewriter Museum Publishing, 1990.

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8

Everest, Dennis. World of writing: 1873 to today. Sedan Chair Pub., 2010.

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9

T, Masi Frank, ed. The Typewriter legend. Matsushita Electric Corp. of America, 1985.

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Adler, Michael H. Antique typewriters, from Creed to QWERTY. Schiffer Pub., 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Typewriters – History"

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Matuck, Artur. "De-Scripting through Virtual Typewriters as Reported by Caliban, a Sperker of Ynglish Langbage." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xxvii.25mat.

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Lyons, Martyn. "QWERTYUIOP: How the Typewriter Influenced Writing Practices." In Approaches to the History of Written Culture. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54136-5_11.

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Lecznar, Adam. "Parmenides at his Typewriter." In Classics and Media Theory. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198846024.003.0011.

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This chapter seeks to explore two writers who are crucial to the history of media theory, Friedrich Nietzsche and Martin Heidegger, and to show how their appeals to the Presocratic philosophers regularly touched on issues of deep importance to understanding the connections between philosophy and materiality. Drawing on the seminal work of Friedrich Kittler, the chapter traces the constellation of the central mediating symbols of the body, the hand, and the typewriter in Nietzsche and Heidegger, and argues that both writers stage their returns to the Presocratics in order to reflect on the correct media of philosophy.

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Matore, Daniel. "Cummings’s Typewriter Language." In The Graphics of Verse. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192857217.003.0003.

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Abstract The second chapter examines the audacious and celebrated visuality of E. E. Cummings, focusing on his early unpublished experiments; his 1923 debut volume, Tulips and Chimneys; and his 1935 collection, No Thanks. In the first section of the chapter, ‘Typewriter Language and Linotype-ese’, I examine the typewriter as an instrument for prosodic and linguistic individuality and how this was often set against the machinery of printing, like the linotype. In the subsequent section, ‘Typographical faits and the Body of the Text’, I argue that how typography communicates depends on its scale and breadth: how far it is fragmented and how far it remains lineated. Comparing his early experiments in typography or faits with his published verse, I argue that Cummings turns away from an atomized style to preserve an altered form of the verse line. I go on to claim that, though modelled after the musical score, the tabulated arrangements of Cummings’s early typography intellectualize sound rather than notate it. In the third section, ‘Seeing Bodies: The Typographical Eye and the Sexual Gaze’, I argue that the typographical and textual history of Cummings’s debut volume, Tulips and Chimneys (1923), is bound up with its sexual explicitness. The typographical body and the physical body are interwoven in this book, I propose, and the erotics of looking entangled with the shape of the text. However, in the section ‘Evident Invisibles: Typography as Prosody’, I argue that though typography is implicated in the material page and the physical body, it has the abstraction and mobility of prosody. In the final section, ‘A Pure Optical G: Hope Mirrlees, E. E. Cummings, and Graphical Minima’, I investigate the linguistics and poetics of Hope Mirrlees’s Paris: A Poem, and I show how its pioneering typography predates later American experimentation. I claim that Cummings theorizes modes of reading where verbal recognition is impeded and wherein a pure graphical language is realized. His experiments in typography, I propose, seek to isolate the smallest nuances of the visual text and graphical apprehension.

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Valentine, Scott. "Wind Power in Denmark." In Wind Power Politics and Policy. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199862726.003.0006.

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In technological policy literature, the term “path dependency” frequently emerges in attempts to explain why a given technological track develops. The premise behind the notion of technological path dependency is that historical social, technological, economic, and political forces foster conditions for a particular technology to thrive. Once a technology becomes dominant, vested interests—which profit from the technology—hinder radical change, because change carries an implicit threat that those benefitting from the status quo might suffer an erosion of economic benefits. To illustrate path dependency, consider the history of the QWERTY keyboard (referring to the sequencing of letters from left to right on the top row of a standard computer keyboard). Keyboards on typewriters were designed in this way to reduce mechanical type hammers from clashing with each other. Over time, type hammers were made obsolete by type-balls. Nevertheless, the QWERTY keyboard remained unchanged (even in this day of computerized word processing)—despite the fact that research has shown the QWERTY layout to be inferior in terms of optimizing typing speed. This layout has perpetuated because legions of typists have learned on the QWERTY keyboard; therefore, technological familiarity has insulated this design feature from change. The notion of path dependency is relevant to the story of wind power development in Denmark because, as will be described in this chapter, a number of social, economic, technological, and political forces shepherded Denmark’s ascent to the top position as the nation with the world’s highest percentage of wind power contributing to national electricity generation. In addition to illustrating the influence of technological momentum, there are two other contemplative policy insights to be gleaned from studying wind power diffusion in Denmark. First, Denmark’s wind power development experience demonstrates that grassroots support mechanisms which engage communities and individuals in the development process bolster the effectiveness of economic incentives. Second, Denmark’s wind power story demonstrates that establishing a technological foothold is never a guarantee of uncontested market entrenchment. As any technology matures, its impact on society, business and political fortunes evolves.

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Sorensen, Roy. "Quine’s Question Mark." In A Brief History of the Paradox. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195159035.003.0024.

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Abstract Willard Van Orman Quine was born in Akron, Ohio, on “anti-Christmas,” June 25, 1908. He died on Christmas 2000. Beginning a lifelong affiliation with Harvard University, Quine wrote a dissertation on Principia Mathematica under the supervision of Alfred North Whitehead. Although Quine made contributions to computer science, he continued to use his 1927 Remington typewriter. As a logician, he “had an operation on it” to change a few keys to accommodate special symbols.

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Tsu, Jing. "Salvaging Chinese Script and Designing the Mingkwai Typewriter." In A New Literary History of Modern China. Harvard University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv253f82s.99.

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"Salvaging Chinese Script And Designing The Mingkwai Typewriter." In A New Literary History of Modern China. Harvard University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/9780674978898-097.

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Wendorf, Richard. "Historical Explanations." In Printing History and Cultural Change. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192898135.003.0009.

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This chapter begins by considering two practical matters. First, was it more efficient, and therefore less expensive, for printers to set an author’s text by using fewer capital letters? The answer is that this was marginally true, but that fewer words and the elimination of the long “s” produced more savings. Second, were English printers influenced by the examples of French printing? The answer is possibly so, and several examples of comparative French and English texts are provided. Four forms of standardization are then addressed: weights and measures, linguistic changes, the nature of printing, and modern economic theory that uses typewriter keyboards as its focal point. The nature of historical change and of correlatives is discussed in the context of the work of Michael Oakeshott, with an emphasis on the usefulness of historical analogues. Finally, a synthesis is offered of recent theory devoted to the selection of historical materials, the relationships that obtain among them, patterns and coherences that may be revealed, and turning points when historical change may be said to occur. The key figures here are Hayden White and Raymond Williams. The book posits the desire during the second half of the eighteenth century for the rationalization of knowledge and of the formal means by which it was represented, and it then focuses on the discourses of refinement, improvement, and standardization.

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Williams, George C. "Stasis." In Natural Selection: Domains, Levels and Challenges. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195069327.003.0009.

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Abstract Critics of the theory of natural selection since its first announcement have attacked it with a time-shortage argument. How could one really believe that accidental variations could combine to produce anything as complex as an amoeba, let alone a human being, in even the most liberal estimate of the duration of the Earth’s history? The critics offer such analogies as: how long would you have to wait for a monkey playing with a typewriter to produce a perfect copy of Hamlet’s soliloquy? They thus show how totally they have failed to understand the logical structure of the theory. They fail to see the elementary distinction between evolution by the survival of the fittest, and spontaneous generation followed by survival or extinction. This folly misleads not only the untutored, but can be found in the publications of supposedly expert scholars. Waddington (1953) provides one example, the book Mathematical Challenges to the neo-Darwinian Interpretation of Evolution (Moorhead and Kaplan 1985) several others.

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Conference papers on the topic "Typewriters – History"

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Corves, Burkhard, Ju¨rgen Niemeyer, and Johannes Kloppenburg. "IGM-Mechanism Encyclopaedia and the Digital Mechanism Library as a Knowledge Base in Mechanism Theory." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99059.

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The Institute of Mechanism Theory and Machine Dynamics of RWTH Aachen University houses a large collection of more than 200 mechanisms and models. Partly they are used to illustrate and visualize kinematic basics and methods taught to students. Furthermore these models are also used as a basis for mechanical designers looking for a solution to their motion tasks in different machinery such as packaging or processing machines. These models span a wide arch from historic models showing e.g. sewing machines from the late 19th century, typewriters from the early 20th century and acrylic glass mode

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Jalobeanu, Mihai stanislav. "A 43 YEARS HISTORY, PASSING FROM THE GUTENBERG PROJECT INITIATIVE TO THE OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES MOVEMENT ." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-298.

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When Michael Hart initiated his ambitious Gutenberg project of computer re-writing essential literature books, in 1971, sure it was very difficult to imagine our today dependency of digital devices and social media. To type on the those time typewriter devices the basic scholarly novels it was a difficult option for a 24 years man, proven a visionary thinking to the people future access. It was ten years before the lunching the IBM PC's, and Internet Protocols, in a time of the firsts text editors... Twenty years before the first World Wide Web real demo ... But Michael Hart succeeded to build

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