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Journal articles on the topic 'Typhoid fever'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

HAYAT, ATIF SITWAT, NAILA SHAIKH, and SYED IQBAL AHMED SHAH. "TYPHOID FEVER." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 02 (2011): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.02.2065.

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Background: Typhoid fever is widely recognized as a major public health problem in developing countries. A simple, reliable and rapid diagnostic test is needed for clinicians especially in areas where laboratory services are limited. Objective: To evaluate sensitivity and specificity of typhidot (IgM), a serological test to identify IgM antibodies against salmonella typhi. Study Design: This was a prospective study. Setting: Northern Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS) and Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad. Period: 1st November 2009 to 31st August 2010. Methods: A total of 100 patients with c

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K, Sharanya, Vinod K, and Lakshmi K. "COMPARISON OF WIDAL AND TYPHOID IMMUNOGLOBULIN M AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN G IN RAPID AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ENTERIC FEVER." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 9 (2016): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s3.14648.

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ABSTRACTObjective: Typhoid fever is one of the major public health problems in developing countries including India. A simple, reliable, rapid, and earlydiagnostic test has been one of the important needs of the clinicians. The present study was carried out to compare the Widal test and typhoidimmunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) rapid test in diagnosing of Salmonella typhi infection.Methods: A total of 100 cases having clinical suspicion of typhoid fever and 40 controls (20 healthy persons and 20 non-typhoidal febrile patients)were studied. Participants were investigated by blood

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Nugroho, Heru Purwanto, Intan Ryatni Suhara, Prima Nanda Fauziah, and Imas Latifah. "Gambaran Skala Kepositifan IgM Salmonella typhi dengan Jumlah Leukosit Pada Penderita Demam Tifoid di RSUD Pasar Rebo Jakarta." Anakes : Jurnal Ilmiah Analis Kesehatan 10, no. 1 (2024): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37012/anakes.v10i1.2182.

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Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infectious disease caused by the Gram negative bacterium Salmonella typhi. Typhoid fever is still a global health problem for the world community, especially in developing countries. This study aims to determine thedescription of Salmonella typhi IgM positivity scale in typhoid fever sufferers at Pasar Rebo Jakarta Hospital. Investigations that can be carried out for the diagnosis of typhoid fever are the Salmonella typhi IgM serological test which is performed to detect acute typhoid fever through specific detection of serum IgM antibodies to Salmonella typh

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Hassan, Zulfiqar-Ul, Afrah Shafiq, Gulpash Saghir, et al. "TYPHOID FEVER;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 07 (2017): 1067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.07.1018.

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Objectives: The study was planned to see the serum lipid levels and c-reactiveproteins in patients with enteric (Typhoid) fever. Design: Comparative. Setting: Study wasconducted at the department of Pharmacology, University of veterinary and animal sciences,and Lahore. Period: from April 2014 to October 2014. Methodology: A total 100 subjectswere included in the study. Amongst them there were 50 patients with typhoid fever and 50normal individuals. All subjects fulfilled the criteria of inclusion in study and informed consentin written form was taken. Three millimetre venous blood was drawn fr

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Sheikh, Alaullah, M. Saruar Bhuiyan, Farhana Khanam, et al. "Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi-Specific Immunoglobulin A Antibody Responses in Plasma and Antibody in Lymphocyte Supernatant Specimens in Bangladeshi Patients with Suspected Typhoid Fever." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 16, no. 11 (2009): 1587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00311-09.

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ABSTRACTMany currently available diagnostic tests for typhoid fever lack sensitivity and/or specificity, especially in areas of the world where the disease is endemic. In order to identify a diagnostic test that better correlates with typhoid fever, we evaluated immune responses toSalmonella entericaserovar Typhi (serovar Typhi) in individuals with suspected typhoid fever in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We enrolled 112 individuals with suspected typhoid fever, cultured day 0 blood for serovar Typhi organisms, and performed Widal assays on days 0, 5, and 20. We harvested peripheral blood lymphocytes and

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Levani, Yelvi, and Aldo Dwi Prastya. "DEMAM TIFOID: MANIFESTASI KLINIS, PILIHAN TERAPI DAN PANDANGAN DALAM ISLAM." Al-Iqra Medical Journal : Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran 3, no. 1 (2020): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/aimj.v3i1.4038.

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Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease of the digestive system caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi. Typhoid fever is a global infectious disease in which an estimated 26.9 million cases of typhoid fever are found worldwide. Typhoid fever is especially common in developing countries because it is associated with poor sanitation. Clinical manifestations of typhoid fever that arise can vary from mild to severe symptoms. Symptoms of typhoid fever that are often found are fever, malaise, abdominal pain and constipation. Culture examination is a gold standard examin

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Reza, Ishrat Binte, MA Zahiruddin, Hamn Ahasan, and Quazi Tarikul Islam. "Sepsis, an Unusual Presentation of Typhoid Fever - A Case Report." Bangladesh Journal of Medicine 34, no. 3 (2023): 252–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v34i3.68437.

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Typhoid fever is an infection caused by Salmonella typhi. The common complications are intestinal perforation and typhoid encephalopathy. Cases of typhoid fever with sepsis and/or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are rarely reported. A 20 yr old male presented with grade fever, vomiting, diarrhoea.His Dengue NS1 was negative, procalcitonin was high,coagulation profile was altered and developed subclinical DIC along with septicemia within a short period of time which is very rare. Sepsis and DIC are rare complications of typhoid fever. Typhoid fever can be presented with profound bl

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Feroz, Bushra, Arshad Khushdil, Imran Ahmad Memon, Sadaf Nawaz, Maryam Shahzadi, and Waqas Akhtar. "Extensively Drug Resistance Enteric Fever in Tertiary Care Hospital." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 5 (2023): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175129.

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Background: Salmonella enterica causes typhoid and paratyphoid fevers. Pakistan and other South Asian nations with little resources, including those with poor sanitation and hygiene, are particularly susceptible to enteric fever. Enteric fever is a disease which is extensively resistant to majority of antibiotics and these strains are rapidly spreading in Pakistan, raising concerns about the global failure of antibiotics. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Department of Pediatrics, CMH Quetta from 1st July 2022 to 31st December 2022. Methodology: A ho

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Wardani, Dita Pratiwi Kusuma. "Risk Factors of Typhoid Fever in Adolescents in PKU Muhammadiyah Singkil Islamic Hospital, Tegal District." Medical Technology and Public Health Journal 8, no. 1 (2024): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33086/mtphj.v8i1.4942.

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Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease of the small intestine caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi A, B, and C. Various factors influence the occurrence of typhoid fever, including handwashing habits, consuming snacks outside the home, and environmental conditions around the house. This study aims to determine the risk factors for the incidence of typhoid fever in adolescents at PKU Muhammadiyah Singkil Hospital, Tegal Regency. The research employed an analytical observation with a cross-sectional design conducted from April to June 2021. The research method in

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GARCÍA, MÓNICA. "Typhoid Fever in Nineteenth-Century Colombia: Between Medical Geography and Bacteriology." Medical History 58, no. 1 (2013): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2013.70.

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AbstractThis paper analyses how the Colombian medical elites made sense of typhoid fever before and during the inception of bacteriological ideas and practices in the second half of the nineteenth century. Assuming that the identity of typhoid fever has to be understood within the broader concerns of the medical community in question, I show how doctors first identified Bogotá’s epidemics as typhoid fever during the 1850s, and how they also attached specificity to the fever amongst other continuous fevers, such as its European and North American counterparts. I also found that, in contrast wit

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Nampota-Nkomba, Nginache, Megan E. Carey, Leslie P. Jamka, Natalie Fecteau, and Kathleen M. Neuzil. "Using Typhoid Conjugate Vaccines to Prevent Disease, Promote Health Equity, and Counter Drug-Resistant Typhoid Fever." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 10, Supplement_1 (2023): S6—S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad022.

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Abstract Typhoid fever is a serious disease that disproportionately impacts children in low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. The prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant strains of S. Typhi continue to increase worldwide. Two safe, effective, and cost-effective typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCVs) are World Health Organization-prequalified for the prevention of typhoid fever in children as young as 6 months. Typhoid conjugate vaccines have proven effectiveness in preventing drug-resistant S. Typhi and have been deployed successfully in outbr

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Schneider, Keith R., Renée Goodrich Schneider, and Rachael Silverberg. "Preventing Foodborne Illness: Typhoid Fever—Salmonella Typhi." EDIS 2016, no. 1 (2016): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fs125-2016.

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Typhoid fever is a blood infection caused by the consumption of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Salmonella enterica. Typhoid fever is easily controlled and relatively uncommon in the United States, but an estimated 21.5 million people per year are affected by typhoid fever in developing nations including regions in Asia, Africa, and South America. Many of the cases of typhoid fever in the United States are acquired through international travel to these regions. This revised 4-page fact sheet explains the causes and symptoms of typhoid fever, as well as describing who is at risk,

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Almashhadany, Dhary Alewy, Asaad Abdel Jalil Ahmood, Jiyan Ali Omar, et al. "Typhoidal Salmonellosis (TS) (Enteric fever)." International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (2023): 1681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.2590.

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The incidence of salmonellosis continues to rise, and it is one of the fastest spreading bacteria in the globe. It's responsible for the vast majority of bacterial infections in animals everywhere. Enteric fever is a worldwide health issue, especially prevalent in places with poor sanitation that allow for the contamination of food and water sources with human feces. This illness is also known as Typhoid fever. The neuropsychiatric effects of untreated typhoid were so severe that the disease was given a name taken from the ancient Greek word for cloud. It's a public health problem, especially

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Anjum, Muhammad Usman, Hafizullah Khan, and Syed Humayun Shah. "TYPHOID FEVER WITH JAUNDICE." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 04 (2015): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.04.1322.

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Typhoid fever is a systemic infection which is caused by Samonella entericaserotype typhi. It is a multi-system disorder involving many organs including liver. Liverinvolvement could be in the form of jaundice, rise in liver enzymes or hepatomegaly. It canpresent as acute hepatitis in rare cases, called typhoid hepatitis. Objectives: This study wascarried out to study the association of typhoid fever in patients with jaundice. To determinethe frequency of typhoid fever among patients presenting with jaundice. Design: Descriptivecross sectional study Setting: at Gastroenterology Unit, Ayub Teac

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Nurhidayanti, Denny Juraijin, and Rafli Wilendra. "COMPARISON OF WIDAL AND SALMONELLA IgG/IgM EXAMINATION IN PATIENTS SUSPECTED OF TYFOID FEVER." Journal Health Applied Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (2023): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52523/jhast.v1i1.3.

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Introduction: Typhoid fever is still a very important health problem. This disease is still often found in developing countries located in tropical areas such as Indonesia and subtropical areas. Acute typhoid fever is an acute systemic infectious disease caused by the microorganism Salmonella enteric serotype typhi known as Salmonella typhi (S. typhi). Laboratory examinations to establish the diagnosis of typhoid fever in general can be checked with the Widal test and Salmonella IgG/IgM, tubex test and culture test. Several diagnostic methods are faster, easier to perform and affordable for de

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R Gomes, Richmond. "Enteric Encephalopathy: An Old Archenemy." General Medicine and Clinical Practice 5, no. 1 (2022): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2639-4162/055.

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Typhoid fever is the name given to the illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi, a member of the Salmonella family. Typhoid fever is spread through food and water contaminated by animal and human feces. Typhoid fever is very rare in the United States and other developed nations, and it is more common in underdeveloped nations, particularly Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Typhoid fever has a wide variety of presentations that range from an overwhelming multisystemic illness to relatively minor cases of diarrhea with low-grade fever. The classic presentation is fever, malaise, diffuse a

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Sari, Tyagita Widya, and Sri Wahyuni. "Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Demam Tifoid Pada Penjamah Makanan." Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan 12, no. 1 (2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jp.v12i1.3166.

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Typhoid fever is a disease that attacks the digestive tract, caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi. This disease can occur due to low personal hygiene, slum environmental sanitation, and habit of snacking carelessly. Typhoid fever prevention behavior in food handlers is needed to reduce the incidence of typhoid fever, where this behavior is influenced by the knowledge and attitudes of the food handlers about the prevention of typhoid fever. The purpose of this research was to determine the correlation between knowledge and attitudes about typhoid fever prevention with typhoid fever preventio

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Yang, Yi-An, Alexander Chong, and Jeongmin Song. "Why Is Eradicating Typhoid Fever So Challenging: Implications for Vaccine and Therapeutic Design." Vaccines 6, no. 3 (2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines6030045.

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Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) and S. Paratyphi, namely typhoidal Salmonellae, are the cause of (para) typhoid fever, which is a devastating systemic infectious disease in humans. In addition, the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) S. Typhi in many low and middle-income countries poses a significant risk to human health. While currently available typhoid vaccines and therapeutics are efficacious, they have some limitations. One important limitation is the lack of controlling individuals who chronically carry S. Typhi. However, due to the stri

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Naeem, Abid, Subtain-Ul-Hassan Abid, and Muhammad Huzaifa Abid. "TYPHOID FEVER." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 01 (2018): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.01.535.

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Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella Typhi, is the most common gastrointestinalinfectious disease affecting all over the world particularly in Asia where more than 13 millionspeoples are affected. Six hundred thousand (600.0000) death occur annually all over the world.1Nearly eighty percent (80%) occur in Asia. The main source of infection is contaminated food, waterand poor hygiene. Monotherapy, emerging drug resistance and long duration drug treatmentis further complicating the problem.2 Approach to combination antibiotic therapy and shortestduration of treatment is needed. Period: January 201

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Inda Chely Sagita, Norsita Agustina, M. Febriza Aquarista, et al. "Hubungan Personal Hygiene dan Riwayat Kontak dengan Kejadian Typhoid Fever pada Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit TK. IV Guntung Payung." Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) 6, no. 7 (2023): 1461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v6i9.3366.

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Latar belakang: Demam tifoid merupakan penyakit infeksi akut bersifat sistemik yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme Salmonella enterica serotipe typhi yang dikenal dengan Salmonella typhi. Data laporan 10 penyakit terbanyak rawat inap Rumah Sakit TK. IV Guntung Payung bulan Juli, Agustus dan September, penyakit typhoid fever adalah kasus terbanyak tiga bulan terakhir tahun 2022. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui Hubungan Personal Hygiene dan Riwayat Kontak dengan Kejadian Typhoid Fever Pada Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Tk. IV Guntung Payung. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan peneltian ana

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Ujan, Javed Ahmed, Zeeshan Khokhar, Shazia Solangi, et al. "Screening of Enteric Fever in the Human Population of District Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 2 (2022): 851–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22162851.

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Typhoid fever, commonly known as enteric fever, is a bacterial infection that can affect many organs and spread throughout the body. Bacteria known as Salmonella typhi are the most common cause of Typhoid/ Enteric fever; the same bacteria are also most commonly involved in food poisoning. Typhoid fever is more common in areas with contaminated water and food and poor sanitation. In crowded and unsanitary places, typhoid fever is one of the most common causes of death and morbidity. Headaches and stomach pain are frequently associated with this fever. A course of antibiotics, vaccine prophylaxi

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Mukamana S, Irakoze. "https://rojournals.org/pathogenesis-and-clinical-manifestations-of-typhoid-fever/." Research Output Journal of Biological and Applied Science 5, no. 1 (2025): 60–63. https://doi.org/10.59298/rojbas/2025/516063.

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Typhoid fever, an infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi), poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries with inadequate sanitation and hygiene. This review explores the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of typhoid fever, highlighting the complex interaction between the bacterium and the host immune system. The disease transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food or water. After ingestion, S. Typhi survives the gastric environment and invades the intestinal epithelium,

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Andrews, Jason R., Alexander T. Yu, Senjuti Saha, et al. "Environmental Surveillance as a Tool for Identifying High-risk Settings for Typhoid Transmission." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, Supplement_2 (2020): S71—S78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa513.

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Abstract Enteric fever remains a major cause of morbidity in developing countries with poor sanitation conditions that enable fecal contamination of water distribution systems. Historical evidence has shown that contamination of water systems used for household consumption or agriculture are key transmission routes for Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A. The World Health Organization now recommends that typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV) be used in settings with high typhoid incidence; consequently, governments face a challenge regarding how to prioritize typhoid against other emerging

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Paul, Uttam Kumar, and Arup Bandyopadhyay. "Typhoid fever: a review." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 2 (2017): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20171035.

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Typhoid fever is still a deadly disease in developing countries, particularly in India. Although, the paediatric population is mostly affected by this disease, yet the disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in adult populations also. In India, most of the cases of typhoid fever are diagnosed clinically, or at the most by the Widal test which is not fool proof. The disease typhoid fever is an orally transmitted communicable infectious disease caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi. It is usually caused by consuming impure water and contaminated food. Salmonella typhi is serol

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Win, Thandar Oo, Ohn Myat Tin, Win Htike Wah, et al. "Incidence of Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fevers Among Adolescents and Adults in Yangon, Myanmar." Clinical Infectious Diseases, Suppl 2 (October 10, 2019): SI 124–129. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3478983.

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Background. Accurate estimates of typhoid disease burden are needed to guide policy decisions, including on vaccine use. Data on the incidence of enteric fever in Myanmar are scarce. We estimated typhoid and paratyphoid fever incidence among adolescents and adults in Yangon, Myanmar, by combining sentinel hospital surveillance with a healthcare utilization survey. Methods. We conducted a population-based household health care utilization survey in the Yangon Region 12 March through 5 April 2018. Multipliers derived from this survey were then applied to hospital-based surveillance of Salmonella

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Saha, Sanjoy, Mir Moyeedul Islam, and Md Kutub Uddin Mollick. "Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Tigecycline against Salmonella typhi." Journal of Ad-din Women's Medical College 11, no. 2 (2023): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jawmc.v11i2.70479.

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Introduction: Typhoid fever, caused by S. Typhi, is prevalent in developing countries, particularly the Indian subcontinent. Salmonella infections can cause enteric fever, gastroenteritis, septicemia, and non-typhoidal Salmonellae (NTS) infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Objective: To determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Tigecycline against Salmonella Typhi. Methodology: This interventional study conducted at Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics in collaboration with Department of Microbiology at Ad-din Sakina Women’s Medical College, Jashore duri

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Charles, Richelle C., Li Liang, Farhana Khanam, et al. "Immunoproteomic Analysis of Antibody in Lymphocyte Supernatant in Patients with Typhoid Fever in Bangladesh." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 21, no. 3 (2013): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00661-13.

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ABSTRACTWe have previously shown that an assay based on detection of anti-Salmonella entericaserotype Typhi antibodies in supernatant of lymphocytes harvested from patients presenting with typhoid fever (antibody in lymphocyte supernatant [ALS] assay) can identify 100% of patients with blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever in Bangladesh. In order to define immunodominant proteins within theS. Typhi membrane preparation used as antigen in these prior studies and to identify potential biomarkers unique toS. Typhi bacteremic patients, we probed microarrays containing 2,724S. Typhi proteins with A

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Kanwal, Muqadas, Fadia Waheed, Hafsa Shahzadi, Muhammad Shahbaz, and Ahsan Noor. "A Review on Recent Developments for the Cure of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi, the Causative Agent for Typhoid Fever." JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR GENETICS 1, no. 2 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/jmmg.v1i2.13.

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Salmonella enterica typhi is typhoid or enteric fever agent which is a serious water-borne disease and is a human host restricted organism. So, an important cause of death in underdeveloped countries, typhoid fever is a public health concern. Worldwide, 15-30 million people suffer from this disease every year, causing more than 200,000 deaths. However, several lines of evidence suggest that the advent of multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal strains of Salmonella has an important impact on the effectiveness of current strategies, including reductions in the effectiveness of early empirical treatme

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AHMAD, MAQSOOD, Badar Bashir, MUHAMMAD SAEED AKHTAR, Muhammad Irfan, MUHAMMAD AMER ADIL, and Zahid Yasin Hashmi. "TYPHOID FEVER." Professional Medical Journal 14, no. 04 (2007): 620–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2007.14.04.4826.

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Objectives: To find out the efficacy and safety of Levofloxacinin patients suffering from typhoid fever. Design: Non-comparative and prospective study. Setting: Medical Units ofAllied & DHQ Hospital (PMC) Faisalabad. Period: From May 2002 to July 2004. Material & Methods: All suspectedfebrile patients were examined and provisionally diagnosed to have typhoid fever were admitted for the purpose ofstudy till they were satisfactorily discharged. Results: This clinical study was conducted on 70 patients of Enteric Fever.Fifty-two patients were male and 18 were female. The mean age for male

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Mwaura F., Maina. "Integrated Approaches to Controlling Typhoid Fever in Uganda: Synergizing Vaccination, Sanitation, and antibiotic stewardship." NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND PHARMACY 6, no. 1 (2025): 122–27. https://doi.org/10.59298/nijpp/2025/61122127.

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Typhoid fever remains a significant public health challenge in Uganda, exacerbated by inadequate water sanitation, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and limited vaccine coverage. The disease, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, is primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water, disproportionately affecting urban slums and rural communities. This review explores an integrated approach to controlling typhoid fever by synergizing vaccination, sanitation, and antibiotic stewardship. While typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCVs) offer a promising prevention strategy, their accessibility

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Amelia, Putri, Baedah Madjid, and Fatmawati Annisa Syamsuddin. "Hal-Hal Yang Ada Hubungan Dengan Demam Tifoid Pada Anak Di Beberapa Lokasi Di Wilayah Asia Periode Tahun 2015 Sampai Dengan Tahun 2021." Bosowa Medical Journal 3, no. 1 (2025): 23–27. https://doi.org/10.56326/bmj.v3i1.2482.

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Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enteritidis serovar typhi or abbreviated as Salmonella enterica serovar typhi or Salmonella typhi, which is transmitted through food and drink contaminated with the causative bacteria, with typical symptoms of prolonged fever due to bacteremia due to the invasion of bacteria that cause typhoid fever. Purpose: To find out things that have to do between Typhoid Fever in Children in Several Locations in Asia for the Period 2015 to 2021The research method used is a systematic review by synthesizing the results obtained from t

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Munazza, Sharif Farooqui Tayba Khan Aisha Zafar Ali Uzma Tariq. "TYPHOID FEVER: A FACT FINDING CROSS SECTION SURVEY OF VARIOUS MAIN HOSPITALS OF HYDERABAD CITY, SINDH, PAKISTAN." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES o6, no. 08 (2019): 15257–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3376718.

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<em>Typhoid fever occurs as a consequence of Salmonella typhi infection following use of contaminated water and food most commonly, affecting 21.5million persons world around with an incidence of 412/100,000 /year in Pakistan accounted as 4th common most reason of death. This survey was arranged to search about the frequency and percentage of this condition from August to Oct 2012. The data for this survey purpose was collected from the pathology labs (using typhi dot) of various main Hospitals of this historical city of Sindh , Pakistan. Typhoid +ve and –ve cases were separated and comp

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Ullah, Irfan, Kiran Shafiq Khan, Qasim Mehmood, et al. "Irrational use of azithromycin in typhoid endemic areas: A challenge on multidrug-resistant typhoid treatment." Trends in Infection and Global Health 1, no. 2 (2021): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/tigh.v1i2.23580.

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Typhoid is a food-borne fatal disease caused by Salmonella typhi. It causes inflammation of the intestine, resulting in diarrhoea, fever, headache, cough, and muscle pain. Improved hygiene has resulted in a marked decline in typhoid fever cases in many developed countries. However, significant typhoid cases emerge in low and middle-income countries annually, including Pakistan. Typhoid fever accounts for a larger percentage of acute febrile illnesses in Pakistan. Azithromycin is the only effective drug used in multidrug-resistant typhoid. The emergence of drug resistance typhoid has been of mo

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Galán, Jorge E. "Typhoid toxin provides a window into typhoid fever and the biology of Salmonella Typhi." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 23 (2016): 6338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606335113.

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Salmonella Typhi is the cause of typhoid fever, a disease that has challenged humans throughout history and continues to be a major public health concern. Unlike infections with most other Salmonellae, which result in self-limiting gastroenteritis, typhoid fever is a life-threatening systemic disease. Furthermore, in contrast to most Salmonellae, which can infect a broad range of hosts, S. Typhi is a strict human pathogen. The unique features of S. Typhi pathogenesis and its stringent host specificity have been a long-standing puzzle. The discovery of typhoid toxin not only has provided major

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Abramtseva, M. V., E. O. Nemanova, N. S. Alekhina, and T. I. Nemirovskaya. "Typhoid vaccines. Historical aspects of typhoid vaccine development, and currently available products." BIOpreparations. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment 21, no. 2 (2021): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/2221-996x-2021-21-2-85-96.

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Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), which is still extremely common in endemic low- and middle-income countries of Asia and Africa. Industrialised countries may also be affected by typhoid fever outbreaks due to booming international tourism, and natural disasters. Given S. Typhi progressive resistance to antibiotics, high epidemiological burden, and lack of adequate sanitation and hygiene in a number of regions, the introduction of new treatment protocols and the improvement of preventive vaccination are critical

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Yuanita, Dina, Muhammad Sjahid Akbar, and Sri Harini. "Pendekatan Cart untuk Mendapatkan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjangkitnya Penyakit Demam Tifoid di Aceh Utara." CAUCHY 1, no. 2 (2010): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ca.v1i2.1708.

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Typhoid fever is a disease caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. It is attack the digestive tract. Typhoid fever caused by poor sanitation and personal hygiene is not good. According to the Basic Health Research in 2007 showed that the prevalence of typhoid fever in Indonesia of 1.6%. NAD Province is hight typhoid fever prevalence(2,96 %). Because Having traced the biggest contributor was derived from NAD. Therefore, the<br />research conducted to find factors that influence the outbreak of typhoid fever in NAD. research using the CART Method. The results of the analysis indicate that the

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*Dr., Muhammad Farhan Abbas *Dr. Fariha Abbas **Dr. Muhammad Sohail Asghar. "PREVALENCE OF TYPHOID FEVER IN MULTAN." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 12 (2018): 14462–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1991307.

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<em>Typhoid fever is very common in developing countries like Pakistan. Salmonella typhi bacteria cause the typhoid fever. It is common in children and sometime in adults. Typhoid fever spreads mainly by the contaminated food and poor hygienic environment. It can also spread by close contact with infected patient. The common sign and symptoms of typhoid fever are abdominal pain, headache, high fever, diarrhea and constipation. The study was conducted in Multan and sample of 250 patients were collected from January 2017 to November 2018.The age group of the sample varied from 3 years to 19 year

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Suarez-Silva, David, Abraham Katime Zúñiga, Willem Calderon, Álvaro A. Faccini-Martínez, and David A. Hernandez-Paez. "Enteric fever in a young man with bowel wall thickening and hepatosplenomegaly." Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú 44, no. 3 (2024): 305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47892/rgp.2024.443.1695.

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Typhoid fever (enteric fever), caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), is a public health problem especially in South Asia and sub-Saharan African countries, while incidence remains low in most other parts of the world, where the disease is primary related to recent travel to endemic countries or contact with chronic carriers. The diagnosis of typhoid fever is challenging in endemic countries, often also low- and middle- income countries (LMIC), due to the poor sensitivity/specificity of available serologic tests and lack of adequate infrastructure for blood cul

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Akram, Javed, Arsalan Shamim Khan, Hassan Ahmed Khan, et al. "Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Typhoid: Evolution, Prevention, and Its Management." BioMed Research International 2020 (May 2, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6432580.

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Typhoid fever is the result of a human host-restricted Salmonella enteric serotype typhi infection that causes enteric fever. Around 21 million people contract typhoid annually, with Pakistan’s inhabitants at most risk amongst Asian countries where typhoid remains prevalent. Decades of indiscriminate antibiotic usage has driven the evolution of multidrug-resistant strains and more recently, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Salmonella enteric serotype typhi. Current reports of extensively drug-resistant typhoid fever outbreak in Pakistan are not only a major concern for Pakistan but

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Thu, Huỳnh Thanh. "Relationship between Fever Level and Leukocyte Levels in Children with Typhoid Fever." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Medical and Health Science Study 3, no. 4 (2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrmhss.v3i4.349.

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Salmonella typhi spreads typhoid fever, a multisystem illness. The bacteria that cause typhoid fever may promote the generation of endotoxins that alter haematological assays, particularly those involving leukocytes. Exogenous pyrogens, such as bacteria or an immune reaction, produce fever. Pyogen may be an interleukin-1-like protein. This chemical may stimulate the hypothalamus to create more prostaglandin E2, causing fever. We also found lymphocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, and thrombocytopenia. Endotoxin and endogenous mediators may reduce bone marrow, causing leucopenia. Recent resear

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Zige, D. V., and F. I. Omeje. "Detection and diagnosis of Salmonella typhi from stool and blood samples using Widal, Tubex<sup>-tf</sup> and polymerase chain reaction." Scientia Africana 22, no. 2 (2023): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sa.v22i2.8.

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There are currently no effective, quick, and sensitive techniques for identification of Salmonella serovar Typhi. Typhoid fever is difficult to diagnose clinically in highly endemic areas, since the symptoms are vague and similar with other febrile disorders such as malaria, and dengue fever. Considering the challenges involved with typhoid diagnosis by blood culture and serology, the PCR approach has lately been used, however it is not the gold standard for typhoid diagnosis. The aim of this study is to determine the best diagnostic method used for detection of typhoid fever using Widal test,

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Olgemoeller, Franziska, Jonathan J. Waluza, Dalitso Zeka, et al. "Intestinal Perforations Associated With a High Mortality and Frequent Complications During an Epidemic of Multidrug-resistant Typhoid Fever in Blantyre, Malawi." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, Supplement_2 (2020): S96—S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa405.

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Abstract Background Typhoid fever remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in low-income settings. Its most feared complication is intestinal perforation. However, due to the paucity of diagnostic facilities in typhoid-endemic settings, including microbiology, histopathology, and radiology, the etiology of intestinal perforation is frequently assumed but rarely confirmed. This poses a challenge for accurately estimating burden of disease. Methods We recruited a prospective cohort of patients with confirmed intestinal perforation in 2016 and performed enhanced microbiological investiga

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Safdar, Nida, Nasrullah Malik, Summiya Nizamuddin, and Attya Rasool. "Pan drug-resistant Salmonella ser. Typhi septicaemia in a child- a case report." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 9 (2023): 1909–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.8154.

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Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, is a common cause of febrile illness, especially in lower-middle-income countries. The only known reservoirs of this infection are humans, and it is prevalent in areas with limited availability of clean drinking water and sanitary conditions. Lately, extensively drug-resistant Salmonella ser. Typhi (XDR S. Typhi) has emerged as one of Pakistan's most challenging public health concerns. Here, we report a case of relapsed typhoid fever in a child, in whom the isolate was found to be resistant to meropenem and azithromycin. Keywords: Sal

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FAHMI, NORMA FARIZAH. "THE COMPARISON OF SENSITIVITY Salmonella typhi BACTERIA IN ISOLATE OF PATIENTS WITH THYPHOID FEVER AND PURE CULTURE ON SOME ANTIBIOTICS AT LABORATORY." JURNAL MEDICAL P-ISSN : 2685-7960 e-ISSN : 2685-7979 1, no. 2 (2019): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36089/jm.v1i2.258.

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Typhoid fever is one of infectious diseases which can cause many problems in Indonesia and other developing countries. This fever occurs as a result of infections triggered by Salmonella typhi bacteria. The growth of Salmonella typhi can be inhibited using antibiotics. This study aims at investigating whether there is a difference in sensitivity test of Salmonella typhi bacteria in isolate of patients with typhoid fever and pure culture in laboratoryonsome antibiotics. Salmonella typhi bacteria were isolated typhoid fever suspects at one of hospitals in Surakarta. Pure cultures of Salmonella t

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Fahmi, Norma Farizah, Lelly Aprilia Vidayati, Hamimmatus Zainiyah, and Nailufar Firdaus. "Comparison of Sensitivity of Salmonella Typhi Bacteria Isolate Tifoid Fever Patients And Pure Culture To Some Antibiotics In Laboratory." Journal of Midwifery 4, no. 1 (2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jom.4.1.92-99.2019.

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Typhoid fever is one of the infectious diseases which can cause many problems in Indonesia and other developing countries. This fever occurs as a result of infections triggered by Salmonella typhi bacteria. The growth of Salmonella typhi can be inhibited using antibiotics. This study aims at investigating whether there is a difference in the sensitivity test of Salmonella typhi bacteria in an isolate of patients with typhoid fever and pure culture in a laboratory on some antibiotics.Salmonella typhi bacteria were isolated typhoid fever suspects at one of the hospitals in Surakarta. Pure cultur

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Uzzell, Christopher B., Catherine M. Troman, Jonathan Rigby, et al. "Environmental surveillance for Salmonella Typhi as a tool to estimate the incidence of typhoid fever in low-income populations." Wellcome Open Research 8 (January 6, 2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17687.1.

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Background: The World Health Organisation recommends prioritised use of recently prequalified typhoid conjugate vaccines in countries with the highest incidence of typhoid fever. However, representative typhoid surveillance data are lacking in many low-income countries because of the costs and challenges of diagnostic clinical microbiology. Environmental surveillance (ES) of Salmonella Typhi in sewage and wastewater using molecular methods may offer a low-cost alternative, but its performance in comparison with clinical surveillance has not been assessed. Methods: We developed a harmonised pro

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Paradise, Gita, Agraini Agraini, and Eka Fitriana. "Study of Platelocyte Count on Patient Fever Typhoid at Baiturrahim Jambi Hospital." Proceeding International Conference Health Polytechnic of Jambi 3 (October 1, 2024): 17–21. https://doi.org/10.35910/icohpj.v3i0.822.

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Background: Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi. The highest prevalence distribution of typhoid fever is aged 5-14 years (1.9%). Typhoid fever can cause thrombocytopenia. In typhoid fever, thrombocytopenia usually occurs in the second week (week of complications). Thrombocytopenia is caused by endotoxin from the Salmonella typhi bacteria. Study this is purposeful to find out the average – average picture and differences in quantity platelets on patient typhoid fever based on category age and duration of fever. Method: Method used in this research was

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Maes, Mailis, Michael J. Sikorski, Megan E. Carey, et al. "Whole genome sequence analysis of Salmonella Typhi provides evidence of phylogenetic linkage between cases of typhoid fever in Santiago, Chile in the 1980s and 2010–2016." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 6 (2022): e0010178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010178.

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Typhoid fever epidemiology was investigated rigorously in Santiago, Chile during the 1980s, when Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) caused seasonal, hyperendemic disease. Targeted interventions reduced the annual typhoid incidence rates from 128–220 cases/105 population occurring between 1977–1984 to <8 cases/105 from 1992 onwards. As such, Santiago represents a contemporary example of the epidemiologic transition of an industrialized city from amplified hyperendemic typhoid fever to a period when typhoid is no longer endemic. We used whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic

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Shumu, Samshad Jahan, and Abu A. Saleh. "IgM flow assay for detection of Typhoid Fever." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology 6, no. 1 (2012): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i1.19362.

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A case-control study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology & Immunology at BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2007 to June 2008 to validate IgM flow assay commercial diagnostic kits to assess the usefulness for the rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever. A total of 437 febrile patients clinically suspected of having typhoid fever were studied. Sixty cases were taken as controls, in which 30 were febrile controls (non-typhoidal febrile illness) and 30 were healthy controls. Among these 437 patients, Salmonella typhi was isolated from 58 (13.27%) cases .The isolation rate of S.typhi from blood was

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Biswas, Rabi, and Md Rafiqul Islam. "Epidemiological Profile of Typhoid Fever Cases Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital at Dhaka City." Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital Journal 38, no. 1 (2023): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dshj.v38i1.66999.

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Background: Enteric fever is a major public health problem in many developing countries including Bangladesh, where sanitation and public health standards are poor. Objectives: To study the socio-demographic, some of the epidemiological features and knowledge about typhoid vaccine of the hospitalized children with typhoid fever. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute over a one year period from January to December, 2019. All diagnosed cases of Typhod fever admitted in Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute, Dh

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