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Journal articles on the topic 'Typical gray soils'
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1
Burkhanova, D., and M. Urmanova. "Morphological structure, agrophysical and agrochemical properties of irrigated typical gray and grass soils." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337101020.
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The article presents information on morphological structures, general physical and agrochemical properties of typical irrigated gray and grassland soils. The general physical properties of the soil are that in typical gray soils the bulk density decreases and the porosity increases, while in grassland soils the bulk density decreases and the total porosity increases compared to typical gray soils. A typical irrigated gray soil is composed of large dust particles according to its mechanical composition and belongs to the category of medium sandy loam. According to the level of availability of humus and nutrients of the studied soils, typical gray and meadow soils irrigated are low in humus (0.36-0.87%), very low in mobile phosphorus (5.33-15.60 mg/kg), exchangeable potassium It is highlighted that it is provided with low (100-200 mg/kg).
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Burkhanova, Dilnavoza, Dilrabo Kodirova, Munisa Urmanova, Muradjan Karimov, and Matlyuba Usmonova. "Perceived methods for increasing the productivity of irrigated typical gray and grazing soils of Uzbekistan in non-traditional irrigation." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 03024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125803024.
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This article considers the effective effect of mulching of irrigated typical gray and meadow soils with plant residues and application of various fertilizers on soil fertility, mulching of typical gray soils with plant residues and application of various fertilizers (organic fertilizers, biohumus and biopreparations) in meadow soils. The effect on microbiological activity was determined. The application of various fertilizers (organic fertilizers, biohumus and biopreparations) to typical irrigated gray and meadow soils and mulching of the soil with plant residues have been shown to affect the growth and yield of winter wheat and cotton.
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Burkhanova, Dilnavoza, Munisa Urmanova, and Gulchekhra Sodikova. "Morphological structures and properties of typical irrigated gray soils: A case study of Tashkent province." E3S Web of Conferences 563 (2024): 03030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456303030.
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The research detailed in the article offers a comprehensive examination of typical irrigated gray soils, focusing on their morphological features and fundamental physical and agrochemical characteristics. A critical observation from the study is the variation in bulk density and porosity among these soils. Specifically, it was noted that in typical gray soils, there is a marked decrease in bulk density coupled with an increase in porosity, suggesting a structure that, while dense, allows for significant air and water movement within the soil matrix. The mechanical composition of these soils is primarily characterized by large dust particles and a texture classified as heavy sand. This specific composition impacts both the soil's water-holding capacity and its aeration, factors crucial for plant root development and microbial activity. From an agrochemical standpoint, the research underscores a variance in nutrient levels within typical irrigated gray soils. The humus content, a key indicator of soil fertility, was found to range from low to medium levels, with percentages between 0.35% and 1.13%. This range signifies a modest capability of the soil to sustain plant life, impacting agricultural productivity and necessitating careful soil management practices to enhance organic matter content. The study highlights the nutrient availability in these soils, particularly pointing out the very low levels of mobile phosphorus (ranging from 4.0 to 13.46 mg/kg) and the low to moderate supply of exchangeable potassium (100-213 mg/kg).
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Gapparov, Islom Uchqun o'g'li Xolmo'minov Samandar Murodjon o'g'li Nodirova Nodira Jaxongir qizi Tirkashev Mirjahon Ulug'bek o'g'li. "AGROCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF IRRIGATED GRAY SOILS." INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 3, no. 4 (2023): 994–1002. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7907841.
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The article provides information about the agrochemical properties and biological activity of typical irrigated serozem soils. The study of soil properties and biological activity is of great importance in increasing the fertility of typical irrigated serozem soils.
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Senicovscaia, Irina, Andrei Danilov, and Andriana Danilov. "BIODIVERSITY OF EDAPHIC FAUNA IN GRAY FOREST SOILS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA." Current Trends in Natural Sciences 10, no. 19 (2021): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2021.v10i19.018.
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Gray forest soils of the natural ecosystems in the central and northern zones of the Republic of Moldova are the habitat and the source of conservation and reproduction of the edaphic fauna. They represent themselves the standards of the biodiversity for soil invertebrates. Invertebrates sampling was carried out from test cuts by manual sampling of soil layers to the depth of soil fauna occurrence. The main content of invertebrates in gray soils under the forest was in the layer of 0-20 cm. In addition to the Lumbricidae family there were found the species of the Clubionidae, Hydromiidae, Scarabaeidae, Oniscidae, Tortricidae, Julidae, Curculionidae, Carabidae, Geophilidae, Tenebrionidae, Melandryidae and Formicidae families. Species of Eisenia rosea, Euomphalia strigella, Formica rufa, Tortrix viridana, Curculio glandium, Melolontha melolontha and others have been identified in three subtypes of gray forest soils of natural ecosystems. The long use of these soils in agricultural production led to the considerable decrease in the number and biomass of invertebrates and degradation of the faunal complex in general. The number of families decreased from 6-12 to 1-3. Species of Lumbricidae, Elateridae, Tortricidae and Coccinellidae have been found in arable gray forest soils. The trophic pyramids are stable in the typical virgin gray soil. The relationship between trophic levels of the edaphic fauna in the typical gray forest soil is stronger in comparison with albic and molic gray forest soils.
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Эгамбердиев, Шердор Камилович Нематов Хуршид Мамадуллаевич Тоҳиров Алпомиш Одилбой ўғли. "EFFECT OF SIDERATES ON SOIL AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES." "Science and innovation" international scientific journal. ISSN: 2181-3337 1, no. 3 (2022): 122–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6678120.
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<em>The article describes the influence of green manure of agricultural crops on the amount of humus and mobile nutrients in the soil under the conditions of typical gray soils of the Samarkand region. According to the results obtained, the use of green peas and amaranth plants as green manures on typical irrigated gray soils has a positive effect on the amount of humus and mobile nutrients in the soil and increases their amount.</em>
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Gaffarova, Liliya. "DYNAMICS OF HUMUS RESERVES AND FORECAST OF CARBON-INVESTING POTENTIAL OF ZONAL SOILS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 16, no. 3 (2021): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2021-27-31.
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The article analyzes the results of statistical processing of morphometric and agrochemical indicators of zonal soils of the Republic of Tatarstan based on the accumulated information of large-scale soil studies. The boundaries of genetic horizons are examined, the content of humus and its reserves within the limits of heavy loamy and clay varieties of arable soil subtypes is estimated. Arithmetic averages allow us to generalize the humus content in soils. So, in the series of sod-podzolic soils – light gray forest-gray forest – dark gray forest-podzolic chernozems – leached chernozems-typical soils in a layer of 0-30 cm on average contains 2,20; 2,58; 3,76; 4,76; 6,8; 7,6; 7,2 % humus. The observed patterns of humus accumulation in soils are also preserved in the distribution of its reserves – 85; 97; 140; 162; 233; 257; 240 tons per he-1. It is proposed to characterize the general population along the boundaries of typical values that fit into the 50% confidence interval to assess the overall range of spatial variability of humus indicators. The upper limit of the typicity will correspond to the greatest accumulation of humus with a combination of local features of soil formation factors and can serve as a guide for predicting carbon sequestration in the soils of this region. Accordingly, the carbon-sequestering potential of sod-podzolic soil and typical chernozem is-20 tons per he-1, light gray forest soil-22 tons per he-1, gray forest soil and leached chernozem-27 tons per he-1, the highest values in dark gray forest soil are more than 30 tons per he-1
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Mamedzade, Vafa. "Microbiological Indicators of Meadow-Brown Soils of Natural Cenoses." Natural Systems and Resources, no. 3 (October 2021): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nsr.jvolsu.2021.3.5.
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The article presents data on microbiological indicators of meadow-brown soils of semi-humid subtropics of the Lenkoran region. Meadow-brown soils are typical representatives of a number of hydromorphic soils of Azerbaijan. These soils are formed under sparse forests and shrub plantations with well-developed herbage. The soil-forming rocks are deluvial-proluvial deposits of clay composition. The influence of groundwater and surface runoff on soil formation is periodic. In the described soils, biological processes, including the activity of microorganisms, take place at moderate moisture level (10–25%) and temperature (18–23 °C). The paper presents a comparative analysis of the total number of microorganisms (in a layer of 0–50 cm) between typical meadow-brown, meadow-brown leached, meadow-gray-brown and gray-earth-meadow soils. We have shown changes in the total amount of microbiota for individual horizons of meadow-brown soils. Changes in the quantitative indicators of the microbiota of the studied soils also affect their overall biogenicity. A close relationship has been established between humus and the number of microorganisms. As the humus decreases in individual horizons, an adequate decrease in the number of microbiota is noted. If in 0–5 cm, 5–10 cm, 10–15 cm layers the amount of microbiota varied between 6,13–5,83–4,81 million per gram of soil, then in deeper layers of 15–20 cm, 20–25 cm, 30–40 cm, 35–50 cm, their number gradually decreases to 3,9–3,10–2,65–1,81–1,52 million per gram of soil.
9
Kuziev, Jakhongir, Alisher Matyakubov, Shavkat Jumaev, and Sobirjon Nizamov. "Compatibility of ‘soil-variety-fertilizer’ to fertilizer norms and dynamics of food elements." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 02038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124402038.
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This article notes the geographical location and soil-climatic conditions of Kashkadarya province in Uzbekistan, as well as the mechanical composition, agrochemical properties and dynamics of nutrients in the soil of field experiments conducted in the conditions of typical irrigated gray soils in Shakhrisabz district. In total, 36% of the irrigated soils of the Kashkadarya basin are typical gray soils, and the genetic layers of the soils of the studied area are medium sandy, with large dust particles predominating in the mechanical fraction and create nutritional regimens. In the driving layers of the studied soils, humus 1.094%, total nitrogen 0.080%, total phosphorus 0.168%, total potassium 1.07%, mobile nitrogen, phosphorus and exchangeable potassium belong to low and moderately supplied groups. It is also possible to fully demonstrate the potential of cotton by creating a scientifically based nutrient environment for the promising variety “Porlok-4”.
10
Bekhovykh, Yu V., and E. G. Sizov. "MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND SOME AGROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SANDY LOAM AND LOAMY GRAY FOREST SOILS OF THE BIE-CHUMYSH UPLAND UNDER THE BIRCH FOREST." Vestnik scientific and methodological council in environmental engineering and water management, no. 21 (2021): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2618-8732-2021-21-46-50.
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The research goal was to study the morphological structure and some agrophysical properties of the gray forest soils of the Bie-Chumysh Upland under a birch forest. The study showed that under the birch forests, loamy and sandy loam soils were formed, belonging to the type of gray forest soils. All studied ag-rophysical characteristics are typical for this type of soil. The morphological structure also corresponds to the type of soil with clear signs of woody vegetation.
11
Kayugina, S., and D. Eremin. "Microaggregate Composition as a Factor of Variability in the Physical Properties of Gray Forest Soils in Western Siberia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1043, no. 1 (2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1043/1/012015.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to study the variability of the microaggregate composition of the soil profile of virgin gray forest soils in the western part of the West Siberian Lowland. 330 soil sections were studied, covering all subtypes of gray forest soils. Empirical data were processed using mathematical methods of variation statistics. The results of the research showed that the humus horizon of light gray forest soils is characterized by good water resistance of microaggregates - the dispersity factor on average for the sample is 14.6%, the variation is small (Cv = 19%). Gray forest soils in the humus horizon have, on average, a dispersity factor of 12.2%. This subtype, in comparison with light gray soils, has a higher variability of the dispersity factor (Cv = 24%), which is due to the variety of combinations of soil formation factors, mainly relief and vegetation. The dispersity factor of the humus horizon of dark gray forest soils averages 7.9% for the sample, which is typical for medium structured soils; the variation is estimated as small (Cv = 18%). The microaggregate composition of gray forest soils is characterized as satisfactory throughout the entire soil profile, which makes it possible to improve structure formation during agricultural development and maintain the optimal structural-aggregate composition for a long time. The results obtained can be used in the development of an adaptive-landscape system of agriculture.
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Khirk, A. V., D. D. Khaidapova, D. V. Karpova, and R. D. Petrosyan. "Aggregate structure of agro-gray soils of Vladimir Opolye: composition and strength of aggregates." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 120 (September 25, 2024): 107–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2024-120-107-135.
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A complex of soils characteristic of the Vladimir Opole region was studied: agro-gray typical deep-arable soil, tongue-shaped agrozem and agro-gray gleyic soil. The high contrast of soil properties, which is due to the genesis of field landscapes, can be traced in the differences in the arable and subarable horizons of agro-gray soils at the aggregate and microaggregate levels. The soils have an excellent structural condition, high water resistance and mechanical strength of aggregates. In the aggregate structure of arable horizons, dependences on the position in the relief were found: down the slope the content of agronomically valuable aggregates decreases, the weighted average diameter of aggregates increases, the water resistance of aggregates and the mechanical strength of aggregates at capillary saturation decreases. However, the distribution and size of microaggregates, as well as the strength of aggregates in an air-dry state, reflects the complex genesis of the landscape and retains the influence of paleorelief with depressions and elevations. The weighted average diameter of microaggregates of arable horizons of the soils of the Vladimir Opole region is close to the chernozems of the Kursk region. The granulometric composition of the studied soils is typical of Vladimir Opolye soils and close to each other. In accordance with the classification of N.A. Kachinsky arable horizons are medium loamy, coarse silt, BT horizons are heavy loamy, coarse silt. The most structural is the arable horizon of agro-gray typical deep-arable soil, it has large microaggregates, it also has high water resistance and the highest content of agronomically valuable aggregates. The most homogeneous in terms of aggregate composition is tongue-shaped agrozem; the average diameter of aggregates and microaggregates in the arable and subarable horizons are equal and similar in the content of microaggregates and agronomically valuable aggregates. This soil is also highly water resistant. Agro-gray gleyic soil contains fewer agronomically valuable aggregates and its water stability is unsatisfactory.
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Б.И.Ниязалиев, Г.Х. Рахимова Д.Ш.Исмоилов. "INFLUENCE OF MICROBIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER ON COTTON UNDER CONDITIONS OF TYPICAL GRAY SOILS." "Science and innovation" international scientific journal. ISSN: 2181-3337 1, no. 5 (2022): 23–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7004863.
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<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong><em>.</em></strong><em> This article presents information about the effect of microbiological fertilizer Baikal EM-1 on the growth and development of cotton. The use of microbiological fertilizer Baikal-EM-1 in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers on cotton, as well as studies on cotton without mineral fertilizers, using microbiological fertilizer at different times and methods are noted. It is known that the application of the microbiological fertilizer Baikal EM-1 against the background of N-200R-140K-100 kg/ha in the conditions of typical old-irrigated gray soils improves the agrochemical properties of the soil and the absorption of nutrients by plants. Under the conditions of typical gray soils, irrigated for a long time, scientific data were obtained on the effect of the microbiological fertilizer "Baikal-EM-1" with and without mineral fertilizers on the agrochemical properties of soil and plants, cotton yield, and technological properties of the fiber. The influence of microbiological fertilizer against the background of mineral fertilizers on the change in the amount of nutrients in cotton pieces and their absorption was established. The introduction of microbiological fertilizer Baikal EM-1 N-200R-140K-100 kg/ha under the conditions of old-irrigated typical gray soils has a positive effect on the growth and development of cotton compared to the control variant (option 1), the height of the cotton bush is 1.4 cm, the yield of branches has increased up to 1.2 pcs., the number of bolls increased to 1.1-1.4 pcs., which had a positive effect on the yield and quality of cotton.</em>
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Zakharov, V. L., and T. V. Zubkova. "Dependence of apple yield on soil parameters in the conditions of the north of the Central Black Earth Region." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839, no. 2 (2021): 022013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/839/2/022013.
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Abstract The purpose of our research was to establish the correlation between individual soil parameters and the apple yield on low-growing rootstocks. Of the studied soils the gray forest soil was distinguished by the smallest thickness of the humus horizon, while the largest was leached chernozem. The upper line of the typical chernozem carbonate site was closest to the soil surface, while on gray forest and chernozem-moist meadow soil carbonates were the deepest. The lowest bonitet score belonged to gray forest soil (bonitet class 7), the highest – to leached chernozem (bonitet class 9). Typical chernozem podzolized, meadow-chernozem, chernozem-meadow, chernozem-moist-meadow and meadow-chernozem soils belonged to the 8th class of bonitet. Only the gray forest soil was of average quality, the rest of the soils were the best. Apple varieties grafted on semi-dwarf rootstocks 62-396 give the highest yield when grown on typical chernozem, and varieties on medium-sized (54-118) and vigorous (seed) stocks - on podzolized chernozem. Of the three given rootstocks the seed rootstocks suffer the most from the proximity of groundwater, while the semi-dwarf rootstocks - the least. As the groundwater approaches the soil surface, apple yield decreases in varieties grafted on medium-sized rootstocks 54-118. This is due to the vigor of the rootstock growth. The higher the vigor of growth, the more dangerous soils become with similar groundwater levels for rootstocks. Apple seed stocks are less demanding on soil fertility than 62-396 and 54-118. With an increase in the amount of exchange bases in the soil, absorption capacity, degree of saturation with bases, total porosity and bonitet, the yield of apple varieties on stocks 62-396 and 54-118 increases. The varieties on the stock 62-396 prefer soils with close carbonates sites, and on seed ones - with a deep one.
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Raimbaeva, Gulzira Sharipovna Ismoilov Dilshod Sherzod o'gli Dusmanova Zuxra Samidinovna Boboqulova Munira Shuxrat qizi. "MORPHOLOGY OF SOILS-AS EXTERNAL EXPRESSION OF PROCESSES OF THEIR SHAPINGS." JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE 3, no. 1 (2023): 22–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7533087.
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this article presents morphogenetic features of typical serozem (gray)-earth soils formed in loess and tertiary sediments, specific morphological features and soil properties characteristic of slopes.
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Isomiddinov Jaloldinovich, Zokirjon, Murodjon Isagaliev Tuychiboevich, Usmonova Mukhayyoxon Sobirjonovna, and Abdupattoeva Mubinabonu Sobitali Qizi. "Biogeochemistry of Microelements (Mn, Zn, Mo) in Typical Gray Soils in Uzbekistan." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 14, no. 3 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2025.1403.001.
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In this study, the amount of Mn, Zn, Mo, and biogeochemical properties and biological absorption coefficients were determined in the topsoil layer of typical irrigated gray soils formed in the territory of the Tashkent Botanical Garden named after F.N.Rusanov under the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan and in the composition of the organs of the Anzur onion (Allium suworowii Regel.) plants were calculated and analyzed. This served as the basis for ensuring normal plant growth.
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Topolnyi, Fedir, and Olha Helevera. "Causes of podzolized of soils." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 51 (December 27, 2017): 331–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2017.51.8895.
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From the very beginning of the onset of soil science as a science, discussions continue about the origin of the genetically close to the chernozems, but located somewhat to the north of the main arrays of the latter – gray podzolized and turf-podzolic soils, especially those that are located for a long time not under forest vegetation. Most domestic researchers believe that defining in the formation of a certain type of soil is a type of vegetation. Humus can formed only from the fall of herbs. Where common typical chernozems, there was always a grassy formation, and where podzolized chernozems, or gray podzolized soils, not to mention about turf-podzolic soils – there were forests. This is the idea of determining the role of vegetation in shaping types of soils originated by V. Dokuchaev in the study of soils of Nizhnogorodsk province. Alternative views, including the works of O. Nabok, received sharp objections and were forgotten. In the second half of the twentieth century, labor began to appear, which is not confirm the widespread opinion of domestic scientists, as if under the forest vegetation can not form humus. Under the forest, the soil is more sour, because with root extracts there are more hydrogen ionsin the soil that acidify the environment than promote the assimilation of poorly soluble nutrients, in particular phosphorus. The diversity of soils in the plains of Ukraine, mainly is determined by the peculiarities of the water regime. If hydrothermal coefficient is close to 1,0 are formed typical chernozems. Insignificant the flushing of the soil layer causes leaching of alkaline earths elements are formed alkalined chernozems. More rinsing carries not only soluble compounds from the upper horizons, but also in part mucous fraction – there is a process of dementia and, as a consequence, are formed podzolized chernozems. And with the weakening of the turf process the accumulation of humus decreases, are formed dark gray and gray podzolized soils. Key words: soil, podzolized, water regime, types of vegetation.
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Lopatina, D. N. "Modern Land Use of the Osa River Basin (Upper Angara Region)." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Earth Sciences 41 (2022): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3402.2022.41.9.
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The territory of the Osa river basin was studied, where under the steppe and forest-steppe vegetation types of soils are common that are not typical for the taiga zone: real chernozems with a relatively thick humus layer, sometimes reaching 45-50 cm, dark humus soils and other types of fertile soils. It has been established that hydrometamorphosed chernozems with a thickness of the humus horizon of more than 1 m are widespread in low relief areas, under conditions of increased moisture. a series of expeditions was carried out to study the soils of natural, arable and fallow lands, as well as pastures. The content of humus and the granulometric composition of soils were determined (types of natural soils: gray typical, hydrometamorphosed chernozem, thin chernozem, typical dark humus; types of agrogenic analogues of natural soils: typical agroabrazem, dark agrozem, typical agrogrey, agroserohumus typical, agrodark humus typical, hydrometamorphosed agrochernozem, typical agrochernozem; more than 30 samples). The influence of these indicators on soil fertility is considered. The change in the nature of land use in the period from 1983 to 2013 has been studied, and possible reasons for these changes. A map of modern land use in 2021 was made. A comparison was made of the nature of modern land use with their use in 1983, 1997, 2005, 2013.
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Lopatina, D. N. "Modern Land Use of the Osa River Basin (Upper Angara Region)." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Earth Sciences 41 (2022): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3402.2022.41.94.
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The territory of the Osa river basin was studied, where under the steppe and forest-steppe vegetation types of soils are common that are not typical for the taiga zone: real chernozems with a relatively thick humus layer, sometimes reaching 45-50 cm, dark humus soils and other types of fertile soils. It has been established that hydrometamorphosed chernozems with a thickness of the humus horizon of more than 1 m are widespread in low relief areas, under conditions of increased moisture. a series of expeditions was carried out to study the soils of natural, arable and fallow lands, as well as pastures. The content of humus and the granulometric composition of soils were determined (types of natural soils: gray typical, hydrometamorphosed chernozem, thin chernozem, typical dark humus; types of agrogenic analogues of natural soils: typical agroabrazem, dark agrozem, typical agrogrey, agroserohumus typical, agrodark humus typical, hydrometamorphosed agrochernozem, typical agrochernozem; more than 30 samples). The influence of these indicators on soil fertility is considered. The change in the nature of land use in the period from 1983 to 2013 has been studied, and possible reasons for these changes. A map of modern land use in 2021 was made. A comparison was made of the nature of modern land use with their use in 1983, 1997, 2005, 2013.
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ANDRIUCA, VALENTINA, EMILIAN MOCANU, RODICA MELNIC, and ION BACEAN. "RESEARCH OF SOILS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA FOR THE QUALITATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SEA BUCKTHORN." "Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology,Cadastre Series " 51, no. 1 (2020): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aamc.2021.01.24.
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Sea buckthorn cultivation in the Republic of Moldova represents a young but profitable branch with development perspectives due to the nutritional value of the products, to the protection qualities of eroded soils and to the accumulation of biosynthesized nitrogen in the soil by the plant root system. The current sea buckthorn plantations in the Republic of Moldova occupy a very wide spectrum of soils and their textural varieties, from typical chernozems in Balti steppe (Sangerei district - Dobrogea Veche), to the gray and brown forest soils in the Central Moldavian Plateau - Codrilor Plateau (Orhei district - Putintei and Clisova, Calarasi district - Leordoaia) and the carbonate chernozems of the terraces of the Dniester river (Dubasari district - Pohrebea). The morphological description and the physical-chemical analysis allowed to highlight some ecological factors determining the productivity of the sea buckthorn plantations: degree of compaction, porosity, structure, moisture, effervescence - for several types and subtypes of soil, textural varieties, complexity of the soil cover, slope exposure and others. It was shown that typical chernozem and light gray soil have more favorable agro-physical conditions for sea buckthorn cultivation, compared to the brown soils and typical gray forest soils, heavy by texture. The high loam content, especially in the drought periods of the year, causes the processes of swelling-contraction. Disorders in the optimal development of plantations - insufficient development or total drying can occur as a result of exceeding soil moisture above the field capacity limit for water or below the wilting coefficient of the plant. In order to optimize the moisture regime depending on the soil texture and type, it is recommended to irrigate the sea buckthorn plantations established on chernozems. Gray and brown forest soils are not suitable for drip irrigation. In some periods, depending on the climatic conditions, there may be a need to optimize soil moisture. AnaleleUniversităţii din Craiova, seriaAgricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. 51/1/2021 188 On the plantations with unsatisfactory development of sea buckthorn, it is recommended to monitor the bulk density, the soil penetration resistance depending on the hydro-physical constants and the accessibility of water for plants.
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Sapozhnikov, Pyotr M., Sofia Al Korsikova, and Elena V. Konontseva. "Analysis of the cadastral value of agricultural land in the Altai territory." Lomonosov Soil Science Journal 79, no. 4, 2024 (2024): 81–91. https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2024-79-4-81-91.
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The normative yield and cadastral value of agricultural lands of Altai Krai have been estimated. 123 soils from sod-podzolic to mountain soils in different agroclimatic conditions and landscape elements were characterized. The cadastral value varies in the range of values from 17.2 rub.∙м-2 for leached chernozems to 0.02 rub.∙м-2 for automorphous typical solonchaks. The increase in cadastral value is associated with the growth of agroclimatic potential. The highest values of cadastral value and normative yield correspond to the zone of podzolized and leached chernozems, dark gray and gray forest soils of Salair foothills, the lowest values of cadastral value and normative yield are characteristic of the zone of chestnut soils of dry steppes. According to median values of specific indicators of cadastral value in a number of chernozems the following dependence can be distinguished: typical chernozems> leached chernozems> podzolized chernozems> ordinary chernozems> southern chernozems. The sensitivity of cadastral value to degradation processes is shown: soil washout reduces specific indicators of cadastral value from 5% to 88%, deflation — by 5–92%, salinization — from 13 to 36%, gleying — up to 66%.
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Abduraxmanov, Obidjon, Dildoraxon Norxo'jayeva, Mushtariy Rajabova, and Yusufbek Keldibekov. "EFFICACY OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON TOMATOES GROWN IN GREENHOUSES ON TYPICAL GRAY SOILS." MODERN SCIENCE AND RESEARCH 3, no. 2 (2024): 1304–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10727233.
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<strong><em> </em></strong><em>In recent years, in order to fully satisfy the population's needs for food and other agricultural products, in particular, vegetable products, comprehensive measures have been implemented in the field of vegetable growing and certain results have been achieved. In the strategy of agricultural development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030, it is important to introduce an effective system of fertilizer use based on soil and climate conditions, to take measures to maintain and further increase soil productivity. shown.</em> <em>One of the important ways to increase the productivity of greenhouse soils is the rational use of biohumus, a product of environmentally friendly bioconservation of organic waste.</em> <em>Tomato plant occupies an important place among vegetable crops and it is one of the most cultivated crops in our country. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the production of tomatoes in order to meet the demand of the population for fresh fruit and canning industry. This can be achieved not only by creating new high-yielding varieties, but also by introducing intensive technologies of tomato cultivation, reducing the cost of production and increasing productivity.</em>
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Gulzira, Sharipovna Raimbaeva Dilshod Sherzod o'g'li Ismoilov Shahribonu Sardorbek qizi Erkinboyeva Behruz Hakim o'g'li Eshtemirov. "PROPERTIES OF RAINFED SEROZEM SOILS FORMED ON LOESS AND NEOGENE DEPOZITS." INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2, no. 11 (2022): 64–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306436.
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This article presents the properties of typical serozem soils. In Uzbekistan, along with serozem (gray) soils formed in loess deposits, reddish serozem soils formed in Neogene deposits are also widespread, which are distributed in mountainous and foothill areas. Reddish soils differ from serozem soils formed in loess deposits by their appearance, genesis, and properties. The reddish- serozem soils formed in the Neogene deposits are widespread in many parts of Uzbekistan and are subject to various levels of erosion. The reddish-brown soils formed in the Neogene deposits are mainly formed in the parent rocks that form a homogeneous loess soil, in some places these layers are very shallow and in the strata occur tertiary and calcareous loams, sands and conglomerates.
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Tashkuziev, Maruf, and Nilufar Shadieva. "Conditions and factors of humus formation in soils of mountain and foothill." E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128402008.
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On the basis of information on the climatic factor, the intensity of humus formation in the soil was estimated. It was revealed that as the transition from the plain to the foothills and low mountains due to changes in atmospheric precipitation and hydrothermal regime, the period of biological activity (PBA) of the soil increases from the plain to the mountains. The balance of annual radiation in the foothill plain is 47 kcal/cm2, in the high-mountain belt - 53 kcal/cm2. As the transition from the plain to the mountainous part of the relief, an increase in soil PBA was revealed and, in accordance with this, the content and reserves of humus, as well as labile humic substances in the humus composition, increase. By the type of humus, light gray soils are humate-fulvate and fulvate; typical, dark gray soils and mountain brown soils, fulvate-humate; light brown meadow-steppe soils, and humate. It also provides information on the energy reserves of humus for the considered soils. The correlations between the indicators of PBA and humus for horizon “A” in the studied soils were calculated.
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Yuldasheva Zulfiya Kamalovna, Karabaeva Dilfuza Jo'raevna, and Muhriddin Normamat ogli. "The effect of a biostimulator on the growth, development and yield of oily sunflower." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 11 (2020): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i11.875.
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The article examines the effect of VL-77 biostimulator on the growth, development and yield of oilseed sunflower variety "Dilbar" in the conditions of typical irrigated gray soils of Tashkent region by cultivating seeds for sowing in the field in 6 different doses and 2-4 leaves. The stems and leaves were processed
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Tuxtaevich, Butayarov Abduqodir. "PROTECTION OF IRRIGATED AND NON-IRRIGATED AREAS FROM WATER EROSION." International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 03, no. 02 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-02-01.
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Today, one of the other agronomic properties of this type of soil is that the amount of total nitrogen in the soil depends on the amount of humus in the soil. its amount varies from 0.05% to 0.15%. Typical gray soils are a very favorable medium for nitrification. The main part of nitrogen is found in the soil in the form of nitrate and is in a form that is easily absorbed by the plant. In most cases, the amount of total phosphorus is greater than the amount of total nitrogen. And in the upper layers of the soil, it is 0.1%-0.2%. Typical irrigated gray soils contain a lot of remains of roots and other parts of the plant, relatively low soil compaction, and humus is present in the plowed part of the soil. These processes have a negative impact on soil fertility. The possibilities of application to modern production, analysis of solving problems, elimination of excess water loss are the main tasks of today in the region.
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Lebedeva, T. N., D. A. Sokolov, M. V. Semenov, N. B. Zinyakova, S. N. Udal’tsov, and V. M. Semenov. "Organic carbon distribution between structural and process pools in the gray forest soil of different land use." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 118 (March 25, 2024): 79–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2024-118-79-127.
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The summarized data on the content of organic carbon (Corg) in the subtypes of gray forest soils occurring on the territory of Russia was presented. It was shown that the humus horizons of virgin light-gray, typical-gray, and dark-gray forest soils contain, on average, 2.16 ± 0.67, 2.42 ± 0.61, and 3.58 ± 0.95% Сorg, respectively, while the plowing layers of arable soils contain 1.36 ± 0.40, 1.71 ± 0.40, and 2.84 ± 0.86%, respectively. Structural (particulate organic matter 0.05–2 mm in size, CPOM, and mineral-associated organic matter <0.05 mm in size, CMAOM) and process (potentially mineralizable organic matter, C0, and microbial biomass, Cmic) pools were isolated in the organic matter of samples from different horizons of gray forest soils (Luvic Retic Greyzemic Phaeozems (Loamic)) under small-leaved forest and barley crop. The CPOM/CMAOM ratio in the upper soil horizons under forest and arable land was 0.60 and 0.26, respectively, and this ratio decreased with depth to 0.05 under both land uses. The sizes of the CMAOM, CPOM, C0, and Cmic pools correlated with each other and depended on the depth of the soil horizon, while the effect of land use on the pool ratios was found only for the surface horizons. The contribution of CPOM and CMAOM to the potentially mineralizable pool of organic matter in gray forest soil was 20–41 and 71–87%, respectively. According to the obtained data, the size of the C0 pool was almost equal to the annual amount of the heterotrophic CO2 emission from the soil. It was emphasized that determining of the sizes and ratios of structural and process soil organic matter pools should be important in the programs of carbon monitoring and recarbonization of agroecosystems.
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Khudoyarovna, Hayitalieva Madina, Musurmanov Alisher Amirkulovich, and Muratkasimov Alisher Sattorovich. "General Physical Properties of Rain-Soaked Soils (On the Example of Zaaminsky District)." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 5, no. 4 (2025): 44–46. https://doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-05-04-09.
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The article analyzes the general physical properties of rain-soaked soils of the Zaaminsky district. In conditions of climatic changes on rich soils, and always planting the same type of crop leads to a change in soil properties. The general physical properties of soils are of great importance for determining soil fertility, moisture consumption, mobility, and nutrient absorption. In the upper layer of undeveloped typical gray-earth soils, the density is 1.30-1.32 g/cm3, in the lower layers 1.38-1.40 g/cm3, compacting from top to bottom. On the southern slope of the rain-fed soils, it can be seen that in the arable and sub-arable soil layers it is 1.28-1.32 g/cm3, and in the lower layers it is 1.36-1.40 g/cm3.
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Kanivets, S. V., Yu V. Zalavskiy, and V. V. Lebed. "Landscapes of loessial islands in high Novgorod-Siversky Polissia." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 19, no. 1 (2019): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041906.
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The territory of Novgorod-Siversky Polissia is characterized by natural conditions as a province of mixed forests, where soddy-podzolic soils of low fertility have formed on loamy sandy and sandy deposits. However, on the high plateau the Desna River valley right bank, there are Novgorod-Siversky and Ponornitsky loessial islands with fertile dark-colored soils (Opillia). They were formed in rather damp and cool conditions, which is natural for the forest zone. However, their landscapes by the property of the components have a forest-steppe nature. On the plateau, in the Novgorod-Siversky Opillia, eolian loessial is located, which led to the formation of dark gray podzolized soils and chernozems leached and podzolized mainly with a humus-degraded arable layer. On sufficiently large areas near localities Pontornytsya, Pokoshychi and Desnianske there was happened loessivation and silt-loam sandy. Fertile gray forest soils were formed here – a kind of Opillia region. During the large-scale survey and mapping of Ukraine's soils in 1957–1961, dark-colored soils of loessial islands were defined predominantly as dark gray podzolized. However, our recent studies have proved the widespread distribution of leached chernozems and podzolized opіlsky chernozems. On strongly eroded slopes of the right-bank native shores, we have remnants of the suboak forest, which indicate the forest-steppe nature of the landscapes. In virgin areas, unlike sandy areas, a thick bean-grass-mixed grass cover, including indicators of forest-steppe. The Opillia area with chernozems and other dark-colored soils is a major agrarian resource of the region. But gray forest soils also belong to the most valuable land in Polissia. On gray forest soils, cereal crops are grown by 4–5 centners per hectare higher than those on typical of the Polissia sod-podzolic soils. Loessial islands are common in southern part of Novgorod-Siversky Polissia, in particular, on the Desna River valley right bank. Landscapes are diverse in properties of components – the nature of loessial species, geological foundations, features of soil cover and relief. They are united by forest-steppe features of soil cover, the presence in the central part of Opilia – fertile dark-colored soils, including chernozems with signs of relic steppe phase in their development, meadow-steppe composition of herbaceous cover on virgin areas and the presence of remnants of the suboak forest. These are large fragments of the Forest-Steppe in Polissia, which have a high natural resource.
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Haskevych, Volodymyr. "Gross chemical composition of dark gray podzolized soils of Small Polissya and its transformation caused by human impact." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 50 (December 28, 2016): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2016.50.8681.
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Dark gray podzolized soils (Phaeozems Albic (PHad), WRB, 1998) are typical for the natural area of Pasmove Pobuzhia physiographic oblast of the Small Polissya. The investigation of the transformation of the gross chemical composition of dark gray podzolized soils of Small Polissya due to erosion processes conducted for the first time, confirming the relevance of the research. Standard methods of research were used in the investigation of the gross chemical composition of dark gray podzolized soils. The research results have been worked out according to the methodology of Y. Arynushkina and N. Myakina. According to the research, SiO2 dominated in all genetic soil horizons. Its content in the humus-accumulative horizon is 82.06 % by weight of calcined soil, decreasing to 74.45 % in soil rock. Different distribution of silica in the soil profile indicates the poor process of podzolic soil development. Among oxides in the soil profile dominates Al2O3, it contents in the humus-accumulative horizon is 8,10 %. A slight accumulation of Aluminium oxides was found in horizon confirming weak profile differentiation by eluvial-alluvial type. Content of Fe2O3 oxides in the soil profile is low variadic in the arable layer and the content is 2.30 %. Oxides of CaO content ranges from 0,75 % in the horizon He to 6,17 % in soil rock, and the content of oxides MgO, respectively, from 0.65 % to 1.06 %. Gross content of iron oxides, titanium, manganese, sodium, potassium, phosphorus and sulfur in the soil genetic horizons ranges from 0,04 % to 2,39 %. The estimated ratio between the major oxides and their profile distribution also confirm weak profile differentiation of dark gray podzolized soils. The content of the constitutional water of humus He horizon of dark gray podzolized soils is 1.57 %. Increase of constitutional water in the middle of the profile may be caused by increasing of internally soil deflation processes. This is also confirmed by the growth of silica coefficient changes of the soil at the same depth. In eroded dark gray podzolized soils of the arable layer the content of SiO2 is decreasing, reaching values of 79,63–80,84 % in strongly eroded. The content of other oxides tends to increase as well as decrease comparing to non-eroded soil. The correlation between wash out level and molar magnitude ratios The correlation between wash out level and molar magnitude ratios is being observed in eroded soils. With erodation increase the ratio of SiO2: Al2O3 and SiO2: R2O3 is being narrowed, which indicates accumulation in arable horizons of aluminium, including oxides in general, compared with non-eroded types. The content of the constitutional water increases and expands the coefficient of the silica changes, indicating the strengthening of internally soil deflation processes in the arable layer of erosion-degraded dark gray podzolized soils compared to non-eroded types. Key words: dark gray podzolized soils, gross chemical composition, oxides, degradation.
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Makhkamova, Aliya, and Bobir Kamilov. "Importance of humine preparation and organic fertilizers in improving the fertility of eroded typical gray soils." E3S Web of Conferences 376 (2023): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337602015.
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In the world, scientific work is being carried out in a number of priority directions on maintaining, restoring, and increasing soil fertility, as well as returning plant residues to the soil, minimal processing, and the preparation and use of organic fertilizers from household waste. In this regard, special attention is paid to studies aimed at optimizing the agrophysical, agrochemical and other properties of soils based on the soil-climatic conditions of the regions, developing agro-measures based on the soil-climatic conditions of each region, restoring, maintaining and increasing soil fertility. Effective use of land, water and other natural resources, providing the population with ecologically clean and high-quality products, maintaining and increasing soil fertility, and using high-performance modern resource-saving technologies in the care of agricultural crops are the main tasks in Uzbekistan today. In the article, the general physical properties of irrigated gray soils distributed in Piskent district of Tashkent region, the general physical properties of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in the environment of humus, poultry manure, the positive effect of their use on the development of cotton crops and the amount of yield were determined.
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Papish, I. Ya, H. S. Ivanyuk, S. P. Poznyak, and T. S. Yamelynets. "THE EDAPHIC CRITERIES OF SOIL-GEOGRAPHIC ZONATION OF FOREST-STEPPE LANDSCAPES OF VOLYNO-PODILLIA REGION." Odesa National University Herald. Geography and Geology 27, no. 1(40) (2022): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2303-9914.2022.1(40).257534.
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Problem Statement and Purpose The existing scheme of soil-geographic zonation of Ukraine does not reflect the natural-historical structure of the landscapes of the Western Ukraine. The main criterias of soil-geographical zonation of forest-steppe landscapes of Volyno-Podillia are edaphic conditions, the role of chernozems in the zonal-provincial structure of soil cover, the peculiarities of adjacencies in soil combinations. The main taxonomic units of zonation are soil-geographical zone, kray (region), soil okrug (province) and rayon (district). The aim of the study was to create a scheme of soil-geographical zoning of forest-steppe landscapes of Volyno-Podilliaregion, which is based on the principles of structural approach to the spatial organization of soil cover. Data & Methods The literary sources, medium- and large-scale soil maps, maps of relief plastics, Quaternary sediments were analysed. The main research methods were soilgeographical and qualitative-genetic. Also, the GIS‑technologies based on the software product ArcGIS10.3 were used, which allowed to draw the boundaries of taxonomic units of soil-geographical zoning and to form an attributive database. Results The forest-steppe zone stretches east from Opillia to the Podilsky forest massif on the Dnister-Pivdennyi Bug interfluve. We distinguished two soil-geographical krai: West-Podilskyi and North-Podilskyi and 9 soil okrugs as part of the forest-steppe zone of Volyno-Podillia. In the western part of the zone there is a synchronous spatial alternation of height-ordered erosion simple soil variations (lessivation-gleying) of gray and dark-gray forest soils with clay-illuvial chernozems, meadow and meadow-swamp soils of undulating beam interfluves of the Dnister left tributaries and complex soils variations-spotting (leaching-gleiing) of clayey-illuvial chernozems with typical chernozems deep and medium-deep deeply gleyed, meadow-chernozem of wide flat interfluves and ancient Pliocene valleys. In the east of the Podilskyi Forest-Steppe, complex variations-spotting of leaching-humus of dark-gray forest soils with clay-illuvial chernozems, typical deep chernozems and meadow-chernozem soils are dominated.
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Karimov, Khusniddin, Zafar Uzakov, Dilafruz Mallaeva, Jobir Khushmurodov, and Nodir Abdurazzakov. "Amount of mobile toxicants in typical gray soils and irrigation water contained Kitab district, Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 623 (2025): 01006. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202562301006.
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At present, the pollution of all natural components, including soil and water resources, with various toxic elements has become an urgent problem. Of course, this requires scientific research to prevent problems and conduct continuous monitoring. The article presents studies conducted on typical irrigated sierozem soils located in the foothills, as well as irrigation waters, studied data on the accumulation of such elements as Lead, Cadmium, Cobalt, Copper, Nickel, Chromium and Zinc. Chromium, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Cadmium were according to the state of contamination of the elements detected in the soil, except for the elements cobalt and zinc. Irrigation water has the following increasing sequence: Nickel, Cadmium, Cobalt, Copper, Lead. Chromium and zinc elements were found to be lower than the maximum permissible concentration in irrigation water.
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Klimakov, Nikolay I., Anna M. Aleinikova, Aleksandr A. Aleinikov, Victoria A. Vekhnik, Ekaterina D. Borisova, and Konstantin S. Khokhlov. "A digital landscape map of I.I. Sprygin Zhiguli State Nature Biosphere Reserve as a basis for analyzing natural processes and their monitoring." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 2 (2020): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202111.
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This paper discusses the landscape features of I.I. Sprygin Zhiguli State Nature Biosphere Reserve based on the completed landscape map. The landscape map was created using the results of our own field observations, analysis of literature sources and interpretation of satellite images. Two landscapes and 34 tracts are presented on the map, which were distinguished by the nature of the relief and the characteristics of the vegetation and soil cover. Pine forests on the slopes of large and medium steepness on sod-carbonate soils, rocky mountain steppes with endemic red-book herbaceous plants growing on soil plaque from eluvial deposits are typical for the reserve. Broad-leaved forests are typical on the plateau and slopes, represented by linden heart-shaped, maple on the gray forest soils. Most of the reserve is occupied by plateau-like surfaces beneath the secondary birch and maple forests at the site of felling and logging on dark gray forest soils. When comparing the study and the cartographic materials of the 1980s, it can be concluded that aspen forests have almost completely disappeared and have been replaced with maple or birch forests. Anthropogenic landscapes occupy 280 hectares or 1,2% of the total area of the reserve and are cut through clearings under power lines, roads and paths with no tree vegetation. Dirt roads and power lines are located mainly on the plateau-like part of the reserve.
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Garshin, Mikhail, Ruslan Suleymanov, and Natalia Polyakova. "Assessment of the content of heavy metals in the soils of oilfield areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan." АгроЭкоИнфо 6, no. 66 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202146601.
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This article examines the problem of concomitant contamination of soils with heavy metals after long-standing oil spills in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The results of a study on changes in the gross content of heavy metals in different types of soils are presented. Studies have shown that among the studied gross forms of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni) in areas with long-standing oil spills there is no correlation with the content of petroleum products. The content of all forms of the studied metals did not exceed the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards and the geochemical background characteristic of the studied territory. Keywords: HEAVY METALS, GRAY FOREST SOIL, TYPICAL CHERNOZEM, ALLUVIAL MEADOW SOILS, OIL POLLUTION
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Turdaliev, Avazbek, Gulom Yuldashev, Mavlonjon Khaydarov, et al. "Influence of energy potential of soil amino acids on wheat yield in typical calcisols." E3S Web of Conferences 563 (2024): 03058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456303058.
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Winter wheat in agricultural production is the most common and oldest crop. An accelerated and sustainable increase in grain production is a key problem for agriculture both in Uzbekistan and abroad. “According to the FAO, there are about 1.5 billion hectares of soil suitable for agriculture. Neutral and slightly alkaline soils of subtropical zones with a dry climate make up 8177.1 thousand hectares or 5.46% of the entire land area of the globe. 14.5 million km2 or 11% of the world's land stock is suitable for production. Over the past 50 years, the area of irrigated land has increased by almost 12%. As a result, the volume of agricultural production increased by 2.5-3 times1”. In this regard, the study of the theoretical foundations for improving the soil-ecological, energy conditions and increasing the fertility of neutral, slightly alkaline gray soils, taking into account the evolution of virgin and irrigated lands, the development of theoretical and practical issues of their improvement is of great importance.
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Bispo, Fábio Henrique Alves, Alexandre Christofaro Silva, Pablo Vidal Torrado, and Valdomiro Severino de Souza Junior. "Highlands of the upper Jequitinhonha valley, Brazil: II - mineralogy, micromorphology, and landscape evolution¹." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 35, no. 4 (2011): 1081–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832011000400002.
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Palm swanp formations, the so-called veredas, typically occur in the Brazilian biome known as "Cerrado" (savanna-like vegetation), especially on flattened areas or tablelands (chapadas). The aim of this study was to characterize the mineralogy and micromorphology of soil materials from a representative toposequence of the watershed of the vereda Lagoa do Leandro, located in Minas Novas, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, on plains in the region of the upper Jequitinhonha valley, emphasizing essential aspects of their genesis and landscape evolution. The toposequence is underlain by rocks of the Macaúbas group and covered with detrital and metamorphic rocks (schists of Proterozoic diamictites). The soil profiles were first pedologically described; samples of the disturbed and undisturbed soils were collected from all horizons for further micromorphological and mineralogical analyses. The mineralogical analysis was mainly based on powder X ray diffractometry (XRD) and micromorphological descriptions of thin sections under a petrographic microscope. The soils from the bottom to the top of this toposequence were classified as: Typic Albaquult (GXbd), Xanthic Haplustox, gray color, here called "Gray Haplustox" ("LAC"), Xanthic Haplustox (LA) and Typic Haplustox (LVA). The clay mineralogy of all soils was found to be dominated by kaolinite. In soil of LA and LVA, the occurrence of goethite, gibbsite, and anatase was evidenced; "LAC" also contained anatase and the GXbd, illite, anatase, and traces of vermiculite. The micromorphological analyses of the LVA, LA and "LAC" soils showed the prevalence of a microaggregate-like or granular microstructure, and aggregate porosity has a stacked/packed structure, which is typical of Oxisols. A massive structure was observed in GXbd material, with the presence of illuviation cutans of clay minerals and iron compounds. Paleogleissolos, which are strongly weathered, due to the action of the excavating fauna , and resulted in the present "LAC". The GXbd at the base of the vereda preserved the physical, mineralogical and micromorphological properties that are typical of a pedogenesis with a strong influence of long dry periods.
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Churagulova, Z. S., R. R. Sultanova, and A. M. Mingazheva. "About the condition of the soils and vegetation of urbanized territories of Ufa city." Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation, no. 150 (September 30, 2019): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/2019-1-150-128-136.
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Purpose. Study of the soil, soil cover and vegetation of the forest park of the city of Ufa. Methods. Soil studies were carried out at a scale of 1: 2000 on a cartographic basis with contours, using standard techniques. Analytical work was performed using the methodological guidelines and GOSTs adopted in soil science and forest science in the Republican Forest Soil and Chemical Laboratory of the MLH RB. Results. Forest coverage of the forest park is 84%. The average age of the park's plantations is 54 years old. This plantings IV-VII age classes. 20% - ripe and overmature stands. The average bonitet of the forest park is 11.7. Average fullness - 0.8. The main soil cover of the park is gray, dark gray, typical structurally differentiated, dark brown-brown, typical texturally differentiated, typical lithozems. In the upper soil layer, the coefficient of structure is 5.2, in the underlying - 4.3. Recreational load of the soil leads to a sharp deterioration of their structure. Conclusion. The limiting factors limiting the state of stands are the shortened thickness of the humus horizon, the heavy particle size distribution, the neutral and weakly alkaline reaction of the soil environment. Plantings are adversely affected by anthropogenic factors, infection by diseases and pests. Reconstruction of growing, placement of new tree species, shrubs and bushes, including introducents, is recommended considering the soil conditions. The data of agrochemical parameters will allow to create optimal nutrition conditions for the formation of various compositions of trees and shrubs.
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Burkhanova, Dilnavoza, Munisa Urmanova, Nodira Kuchkarova, and Muradjan Karimov. "Analysis of approaches to increase the fertility of irrigated typical gray and meadow soils in Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 563 (2024): 03097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456303097.
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This research paper explores the effects of utilizing plant residues as mulch and applying various fertilizers on the fertility and key physical and chemical attributes of irrigated typical gray and meadow soils. The study demonstrates that these agricultural techniques significantly boost the development and productivity of winter wheat and cotton. It outlines how mulching with plant residues notably enhances soil fertility through increasing organic matter, optimizing soil structure, and minimizing erosion. The study further indicates that using organic fertilizers, including biohumus and bio-based preparations, augments soil fertility and fosters the activity of beneficial microbes within the soil. The investigation highlights the crucial role these methods play in elevating the growth and productivity of winter wheat and cotton. The conclusions drawn advocate for the combined use of mulching and fertilizers as a strategy to elevate crop outputs, enrich soil health, and promote sustainable farming methods in these soil types.
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Kenjaev, Yunus. "Changes in the granulometric composition of Zarafshan river soils under irrigation and comparative analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 377 (2023): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337703006.
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According to the granulometric composition of all soil types (typical, light gray, gray-meadow and meadow-alluvial) located on terraces I - II - III of the Zarafshan oasis, it is mainly medium and heavy sand, physical clay (<0.01 mm) and large dust (0.05 – 0.01 mm), medium dust (0.01 – 0.005 mm), fine dust (0.005 – 0.001 mm) and silt particles due to irrigation for many years reduced sand particles and increased the amount of dust and silt particles in all layers of the soil . It is explained by the erosion of feldspar, mica-like substances in the sand particles, the increase of dust and silt particles in the upper layers of the soil as a result of irrigation, and the fact that certain parts are washed to the lower layers of the soil.
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Khudoyberdieva, Nargiza, and Murad Rakhmankulov. "Biochemical composition of soybean foreign varieties and samples (under typical gray soil conditions of Uzbekistan)." E3S Web of Conferences 421 (2023): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342103003.
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Soybean stands out as a highly prized agricultural crop due to its exceptional nutritional attributes. The proteins found in soybean possess a distinctive profile, featuring essential non-exchangeable amino acids that closely resemble those present in animal proteins. This composition renders soybean proteins a valuable and comprehensive source of vital nutrients. This article offers insights into the biochemical characteristics of imported soybean varieties and samples grown under typical gray soil conditions in Uzbekistan. Specifically, it examines various parameters to assess the quality and composition of these leguminous crops. The study presents data on crucial components such as protein and oil content, both of which constitute the primary constituents of these crops. Additionally, the research delves into the moisture content of the seeds, which contributes to understanding their overall quality. Furthermore, the article provides information about the origin of the soybean varieties under investigation, shedding light on their respective countries of origin. By analyzing these biochemical indicators and considering the seeds’ moisture content and source, the study contributes to a comprehensive evaluation of the suitability, adaptability, and potential economic value of these foreign soybean varieties within the specific agroecological context of typical gray soils in Uzbekistan.
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Novoselova, E. I., O. O. Volkova, P. K. Khaziev, and R. R. Turanova. "FEATURES OF ENZYMATIC DEHYDROGENATION OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS." Scientific Life 15, no. 10 (2020): 1312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2020-15-10-1312-1320.
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The influence of heavy metals of hazard classes I (Pb, Cd, Zn) and II (Cu) on the dehydrogenase activity of soils, which plays an important role in the transformation of organic matter in them, was studied. An annual model experiment was carried out on three types of medium-loamy soils (gray forest, typical chernozem, urbanozem) with the introduction of different doses of lead and cadmium in the form of acetic acid salts, zinc and copper in the form of sulfates. A decrease in the intensity of dehydrogenation of organic substances with an increase in the dose of the studied metals on 3, 90, 180 and 360 days from the beginning of the experiment was revealed. This was confirmed by reliable correlation coefficients, which were in the range (-0.63) – (-0.99) at p ≤ 0.05. This pattern was already evident at minimal doses of pollutants. An increase in the content of toxicants increased the inhibitory effect. Lead in different doses reduced the intensity of the processes of dehydrogenation of organic substances by 28-46%, cadmium by 4-42%, zinc by 2-35%, copper by 3-45%. During the experiment, the type of soil with greater resistance of dehydrogenases to pollutants was not identified. In annual dynamics, the intensity of dehydrogenase reactions decreased in gray forest soil by 4-40% and typical chernozem by 4-32% and in urbanozem by 3-45%. The processes of transformation of organic compounds in soils are dynamic in time and proceeded differently depending on their type and metal. The established regularities in the change of dehydrogenase activity allow us to recommend it as a criterion for assessing the negative impact of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper on the dehydrogenation of organic substances in soils due to enzyme systems.
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Moshenko, Darya, Anna Kuzina, Sergey Kolesnikov, Elena Nevedomaya, Tigran Ter-Misakyants, and Kamil Kazeev. "Effect of heavy metal pollution on the total number of bacteria in the soils of the Central Caucasus and the Caucasus." АгроЭкоИнфо 4, no. 52 (2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202124405.
Full textAbstract:
Studies have been carried out to determine the total number of bacteria contaminated with heavy metals (lead, chromium, nickel, copper) for the main soils of the Central Caucasus and the Caucasus. The dependence of the toxic effect of heavy metals on the total number of bacteria on the type of pollutant was obtained: Cr > Cu ≥ Pb ≥ Ni. It has been established that the number of bacteria in the soils of the Central Caucasus and the Caucasus varies significantly in resistance to heavy metal contamination (soils are located as their resistance decreases): mountain meadow turf > mountain meadow chernozem > leached chernozem ≥ ordinary chernozem = typical chernozem (mountain) ≥ podzolized chernozem = mountain meadow sod-peat ≥ sod-carbonate ≥ mountain meadow-steppe = dark gray forest > brown forest slightly unsaturated. Keywords: NUMBER OF BACTERIA, SOIL POLLUTION, NICKEL, LEAD, CHROMIUM, COPPER, CENTRAL CAUCASUS, CAUCASUS, STABILITY, BIO-DIAGNOSTICS
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Sanobar Dostnazarova, Khusnora Khusanbayeva, and Jamshid Narzullayev. "Efficiency of the Sprinkling Irrigation Method for Irrigation Of Soybean And Cauliflower." Texas Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 29 (February 22, 2024): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.62480/tjms.2024.vol29.pp37-41.
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In order to reduce the population's need for food and rational use of water resources in the conditions of typical irrigated gray soils Tashkent region, the sprinkling irrigation method was used for soybean crops "Nafis" and cauliflower "Raskot", while taking into account the volumetric mass of the soil, soil porosity, soil permeability. This is explained by the fact that the timing of irrigation, given to crops, irrigation rates, seasonal irrigation rates, the impact on growth, the development and productivity of plants are described
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Voron, V. P., V. H. Borysenko, I. O. Barabash, et al. "INFLUENCE OF THERMAL RADIATION ON FOREST SOILS." Forestry and Forest Melioration, no. 132 (February 5, 2018): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33220/1026-3365.132.2018.105.
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Forest fires are a powerful environmental factor that breaks the balance between the individual components of forest ecosystems. Thermal radiation is one type of the heat distribution during surface fires in forests. The objects of the study were forest soils, the monoliths of which were radiated with heat in specially created laboratory equipment. The facility allows detecting heat flux distribution in soils under laboratory conditions. The peculiarities of the processes for the typical soils for pine and oak stands were revealed. The highest temperature was observed on the surface of the soil. As the depth increased the temperature dropped. The most noticeable decrease was observed in a surface layer from 0 to 4 cm. The difference between the temperatures on the surface and at a depth of 10 cm could be 240–300°С for sandy soils and 260–400°С for gray forest soils. The temperature of deep soil layers increased even after stopping the heat radiation. The heating of dry sandy soils deep in to the profile occurs more strongly than in the moist sample. The sandy soil was found to warm deeper and more intensively as compared to loamy soils.
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Abdukhakimova, Khusnidhakhon A. "Geochemistry of Cyclic Elements in the Irrigated Soils of Southern Fergana." J Open 1, no. 01 (2025): 10–13. https://doi.org/10.70728/jopen.be.0125.003.
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This study investigates the distribution and concentration of cyclic elements in irrigated typical gray soils formed in the Shahimardonsoy alluvial fan of Southern Fergana. Field research and geochemical analysis were conducted using morphogenetic and comparative-geographical methods, along with systematic pedogeochemical approaches. The findings reveal a twofold increase in iron content within the geochemical carbonate-illuvial barrier, which also acts as an accumulation zone for other macroelements such as K, Na, Cr, and Sr, as well as cyclic microelements including Mn, Co, and Hf. These results indicate that irrigation significantly influences the migration and redistribution of elements in soil profiles, impacting soil fertility and agricultural productivity.
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Bogorodskaya, A. V., E. A. Kukavskaya, O. P. Kalenskaya, and L. V. Buryak. "Changes in the Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Properties of Soils after Fires in Pine and Birch Forests of Central Regions of the Zabaikal Krai." Почвоведение, no. 11 (November 1, 2023): 1418–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0032180x23600245.
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The microbiological and some physico-chemical properties of illuvial-ferruginous soddy-podburs (Entic Rustic Podzols) soils in Scots pine forests and gray-humic typical light loamy soils (Umbrisols) in secondary birch forests of the central regions of the Zabaikal krai have been studied. Fires in soddy-podburs pine forests resulted in decrease in the total exchangeable basis, total nitrogen, mobile forms of potassium and phosphorus, and in increase in the proportion of C : N; while in birch forests, on the contrary, an increase of the mentioned indicators and a narrowing of the C : N proportion in the gray-humic typical soils were observed. The content of humus in the upper soil horizon decreases only in recently burned Scots pine forests after a high-severity fire, while in other sites it increases. A decrease in the soil acidity was observed at all burned sites. High-severity fires lead to a significant decrease in the content of microbial biomass and the intensity of basal respiration, as well as to a change in the structure of ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms in the soils up to a depth of 10 cm of the mineral horizon, while low-severity fires mainly affect the duff. The qCO2 coefficient increased 2–5 times after fires in the duff and 1.5–2 times in the humus horizon only after high-severity fires. In recently burned Scots pine forests, the storage of microbial biomass and microbial production of carbon dioxide significantly decreased up to a depth of 10 cm of the mineral soil layer. In the steppe site formed after the impact of fires in the pine forest, and in the birch forest after a high-severity fire, in the humus horizon the carbon storage of microbial biomass decreased by 15–20%, and the microbial production of CO2 increased by 10–20%, predetermining the predominance of mineralization processes. The considered post-fire transformation of the structural and functional parameters of soil microbiocenosis, as well as a 20–40% decrease in the total carbon storage of microbial biomass in the soils of all sites demonstrate a long recovery period of soils after fires in light coniferous and deciduous forests of the central regions of the Zabaikal krai.
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Bulygin, S. Yu, O. V. Demydenko, V. A. Velychko, M. A. Tkachenko, and S. V. Vitvitskyi. "Evaluating agrogenic structurization of soil variants under different application modes in the Forest-Steppe." Agricultural Science and Practice 7, no. 3 (2020): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp7.03.040.
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Aim. To develop the general normalized statistical model of organizing the structural state of the investigated soils, to determine the vector of direction and criteria of appraising structurization of soil variants in the Forest-Steppe on macro- and microaggregate levels of organization to obtain objective and integral information about the quality status of soil structure and to determine the critical level of degradation, when the residual resistance against the latter is lost. Methods. Field (investigated agrophysical properties of the most common variants in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine: gray forest soil, meadow-chernozem soil, typical chernozem), laboratory (air-dried sieving of soil), statistical-analytical (fractal, factor, cluster, non-parametric statistics). Results. The combined study of the change in the state of soil structure in the most common soils in the Forest-Steppe on two hierarchy levels demonstrated the presence of soil-genetic interval in valuable structural units. The appraisal of several distribution series of structural soil units by dimensions in terms of stability using fractal indices and the structurization of agronomically non-valuable fraction of microaggregates of 0.7 and demonstrated the persistence and anti-persistence of the distribution series, namely, stability or trend. The re-grouping of soil structure constituents occurs by dimensions depending on the soil type, and microaggregates in the amount of 0.25 mm are mostly involved in structural aggregates of 1-0.25 mm and less so in more valuable structural units of >1 mm. Conclusions. It was determined that meadow-chernozem soil was the most resistant to anthropogenic impact (introduc- tion of mineral fertilizers and treatment methods). Its coeffi cient of macroaggregation was at a high level and in case of sowing perennial grasses with the introduction of fertilizers - at a very high level. Gray forest soil was found to be less resistant to the introduction of mineral fertilizers and typical chernozem was the most susceptible to agrophysical degra- dation: the macroaggregation coeffi cient was at a very low level. The microaggregation coeffi cient increased from typical chernozem to gray forest soil and meadow-chernozem which demonstrated the increase in humus content and biogenicity in the presented series of soil variants
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Tikhonovich, I. A., T. I. Chernov, A. D. Zhelezova, A. K. Tkhakakhova, E. E. Andronov, and O. V. Kutovaya. "TAXONOMIC STRUCTURE OF PROKARYOTIC COMMUNITIES IN SOILS OF DIFFERENT BIOCLIMATIC ZONES." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 95 (November 1, 2018): 125–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2018-95-125-153.
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Using high-throughput sequencing, we performed a full-profile analysis of the taxonomic structure and diversity of prokaryotic communities of zonal soil series: sod-podzolic, dark gray, typical chernozem, brown soil, meadow-chestnut soil and solonets. Phyla Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia formed up to 95% of prokaryotic communities in all studied soil horizons. Phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria and archaeal phylum Thaumarchaeota dominated in all soils. We revealed the trends of changes in the representation of bacterial phyla in the soils of the zonal range from taiga to dry-steppe: a decrease of Acidobacteria and an increase of Actinobacteria in the upper horizons. The diversity indices of the prokaryotic communities of different genetic horizons of the studied soils were evaluated. In all soils, a decrease in diversity indices with the depth of the horizon was revealed. In all soils, a decrease in diversity indices with depth of the horizon was found, with a rare and slight increase in some lower horizons: structural metamorphic (BM), textural (BT) or accumulative carbonate (BCA) horizons. When examining the prokaryotic communities of soils with different genesis, no determining influence of pH and organic matter contents on the diversity indices was found. Differences in the taxonomic structure and diversity of prokaryotic communities of soils of different bioclimatic zones were presented due to a combination of factors: the difference in chemical and physical properties of soils, as well as in water and temperature conditions.
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Atoev, Bakhtiyor, Jandos Kaypnazorov, Mukhayyo Egamberdieva, Samad Makhammadiev, Murod Karimov, and Dilafruz Makhkamova. "Technology of nutriating winter wheat varieties in variety-soil-fertilizer system." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 02040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124402040.
Full textAbstract:
In this article, the reaction of winter wheat varieties to fertilizers in irrigated soils in the varietal-soil-fertilizer system was studied and a feeding system was developed and recommended for each soil-climatic conditions and varieties. Appropriate fertilizer standards have been developed for each wheat variety, which have increased the germination, weeding, accumulation, tuberization, spike formation, dry mass accumulation, grain quality, and yield structure and yield of winter wheat. N250P200K200 kg/ha was obtained from Polovchanka variety of winter wheat at the rate of N250P200K200 kg/ha used in irrigated brown meadow soils, while in typical irrigated gray soils the yield of winter wheat was higher than N250P200K200 kg/ha of pure wheat with N250P200K200 kg/ha. Grain yield was 80.18 tons/ha from Tanya variety, 76.38 tons/ha from Krasnodar-99 variety and 82.32 tons/ha from Polovchanka variety under N200P150K150 kg/ha. Under the influence of the same optimal fertilizer standards, the growth and development of winter wheat, nutrient accumulation, and grain yield and grain quality are improved, and the efficiency of fertilizers is increased.