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Journal articles on the topic 'Tyra'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

BONNER, Carol A., Roy A. JENSEN, John E. GANDER, and Nemat O. KEYHANI. "A core catalytic domain of the TyrA protein family: arogenate dehydrogenase from Synechocystis." Biochemical Journal 382, no. 1 (August 10, 2004): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20031809.

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The TyrA protein family includes prephenate dehydrogenases, cyclohexadienyl dehydrogenases and TyrAas (arogenate dehydrogenases). tyrAa from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, encoding a 30 kDa TyrAa protein, was cloned into an overexpression vector in Escherichia coli. TyrAa was then purified to apparent homogeneity and characterized. This protein is a model structure for a catalytic core domain in the TyrA superfamily, uncomplicated by allosteric or fused domains. Competitive inhibitors acting at the catalytic core of TyrA proteins are analogues of any accepted cyclohexadienyl substrate. The homodimeric enzyme was specific for L-arogenate (Km=331 μM) and NADP+ (Km=38 μM), being unable to substitute prephenate or NAD+ respectively. L-Tyrosine was a potent inhibitor of the enzyme (Ki=70 μM). NADPH had no detectable ability to inhibit the reaction. Although the mechanism is probably steady-state random order, properties of 2′,5′-ADP as an inhibitor suggest a high preference for L-arogenate binding first. Comparative enzymology established that both of the arogenate-pathway enzymes, prephenate aminotransferase and TyrAa, were present in many diverse cyanobacteria and in a variety of eukaryotic red and green algae.

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2

Ström Lehander, Karin. "Tyra Kleen." Approaching Religion 11, no. 1 (March 21, 2021): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30664/ar.100479.

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The Swedish artist and writer Tyra Kleen (1874–1951) was a professional artist and a constant traveller who had a great interest in different religious questions. This article describes her Symbolist artistry, her interest in Theosophy and her journeys to India and Asia.

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3

Lütke-Eversloh, Tina, and Gregory Stephanopoulos. "Feedback Inhibition of Chorismate Mutase/Prephenate Dehydrogenase (TyrA) of Escherichia coli: Generation and Characterization of Tyrosine-Insensitive Mutants." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 11 (November 2005): 7224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.11.7224-7228.2005.

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ABSTRACT In order to get insights into the feedback regulation by tyrosine of the Escherichia coli chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydrogenase (CM/PDH), which is encoded by the tyrA gene, feedback-inhibition-resistant (fbr) mutants were generated by error-prone PCR. The tyrA fbr mutants were selected by virtue of their resistance toward m-fluoro-d,l-tyrosine, and seven representatives were characterized on the biochemical as well as on the molecular level. The PDH activities of the purified His6-tagged TyrA proteins exhibited up to 35% of the enzyme activity of TyrAWT, but tyrosine did not inhibit the mutant PDH activities. On the other hand, CM activities of the TyrAfbr mutants were similar to those of the TyrAWT protein. Analyses of the DNA sequences of the tyrA genes revealed that tyrA fbr contained amino acid substitutions either at Tyr263 or at residues 354 to 357, indicating that these two sites are involved in the feedback inhibition by tyrosine.

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4

Qasthari, Qisti, and Wahyuni Pudjiastuti. "How the Digital Endorsement Campaign Affects Student’s Attitude towards a Cinema Theater Brand The Case of #JajanAsyikXXI on Instagram." Jobmark: Journal of Branding and Marketing Communication 2, no. 1 (July 3, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36782/jobmark.v2i1.55.

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The rapid number of social media users and changes in consumer behavior today requires marketers to adapt quickly. The use of celebrity endorser "Titan Tyra" in the #JajanAsikDiXXI campaign on Instagram is one of XXI's digital promotional activities. This study measures the effect of celebrity endorser characteristics "Titan Tyra" in the #JajanAsikdiXXI campaign on the attitudes of Communication Science students at Bakrie University toward the XXI brand. This research uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory case study method. The data was collected using questionnaires, observation, tracing professional documents, and digital documentation. The distribution of questionnaires was carried out to 86 active students of Communication Science at Bakrie University using cluster random sampling where the clusters used were classes from each course that took place in the even semester of 2019/2020. The results showed that all the characteristics of celebrity endorsers attached to Titan Tyra had a significant and simultaneous influence on the attitudes of active students of Communication Science at Bakrie University towards the XXI brand. This research is worthwhile to provide insight to marketers about promotional activities using celebrity endorsers to increase positive brand attitudes.

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5

Virginia, Fanny, and Ambalegin Ambalegin. "CODE MIXING IN “BROWN SUGAR BATTLE” YOUTUBE VIDEO BY TITAN TYRA." IdeBahasa 3, no. 1 (June 8, 2021): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37296/idebahasa.v3i1.50.

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This descriptive qualitative research essentially aimed to find out the types of code mixing on Brown Sugar Battle video. Titan Tyra published the video on June 17th, 2019. The researchers chose the utterances of Titan Tyra that contained code mixing as the data source of this research. In collecting the data, the researchers conducted observational method and non-participatory technique. Additionally, in analyzing the data, the researchers applied bilingual-differentiating identification method and differentiating comparative link technique. Furthermore, the researcher applied the theory of code mixing proposed by Muysken (2000). The result revealed that the speaker frequently inserted English words and phrases in the utterance of Indonesian language. The speaker mixed language to do the review of brown sugar drink. From 53 data, there were 31 data of insertion and 22 data of congruent lexicalization. The type of insertion became the most frequently uttered type. Also, the speaker did not utter English clause in utterances.

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6

Harris, Anne. "Blame it on Tyra: race, refugeity and sexual representation." Sex Education 12, no. 1 (February 2012): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2011.601167.

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7

Jason Schneiderman. "Tyra Hunter, and: Adam's Work, and: The Other Side." Prairie Schooner 82, no. 4 (2008): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/psg.0.0148.

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8

Shimizu, Toshiaki, Yoshiko Tatsuki, and Naokuni Takeda. "Aromatic Amino Acids in the Venom of the Braconid Parasitoid Apanteles kariyai." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 48, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1993): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1993-1-220.

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The venom gland of the braconid parasitoid, Apanteles kariyai, was morphologically observed with photomicroscope and aromatic amino acids in its venom fluid were chemically analyzed with a three-dimensional HPLC svstem-coulometric ECD. Tyrosine (TYR-4) → tyramine (TYRA) → hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPAC-4) and tryptophan (TRP) → kynurenine (KYN) were the detected metabolic pathways. This report of venom components of a braconid wasp outlines qualitative differences between this and venom from social wasps.

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9

Keller, Jessalynn Marie. "Fiercely Real?: Tyra Banks and the making of new media celebrity." Feminist Media Studies 14, no. 1 (November 21, 2012): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2012.740490.

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10

Stone, Nigel. "A 'Litany of Excuses': Lessons from the Death of Tyra Henry." Probation Journal 35, no. 2 (June 1988): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026455058803500216.

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11

Bruchmüller. "The Symbolist Conception of Illustration and Tyra Kleen’s Nevermore." Edgar Allan Poe Review 22, no. 1 (2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/edgallpoerev.22.1.0188.

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12

Jeppesen, M. W. "Geological steering of horizontal wells in chalk reservoirs Examples from the Danish North Sea." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 41 (March 30, 1994): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-1995-41-13.

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The reservoir position of horizontal wells drilled in low permeability chalk reservoirs is of vital importance for the well performance. Accurate placement of horizontal wells drilled in the low permeability chalk fields in the Danish North Sea is being achieved by rigorous evaluation of geological information acquired during drilling. The tools which are being utilized for geological steering of horizontal wells comprise: High resolution biostratigraphy, Logging While Drilling, shows evaluation and analysis of 3D seismic data. Examples from the Dan, Kraka, Skjold and Tyra fields illustrate the current applications of geological steering in chalk reservoirs.

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13

Cobbett, C. S., and M. L. Delbridge. "Regulatory mutants of the aroF-tyrA operon of Escherichia coli K-12." Journal of Bacteriology 169, no. 6 (1987): 2500–2506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.169.6.2500-2506.1987.

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14

Chiu, Hsiu-Ju, Polat Abdubek, Tamara Astakhova, Herbert L. Axelrod, Dennis Carlton, Thomas Clayton, Debanu Das, et al. "The structure ofHaemophilus influenzaeprephenate dehydrogenase suggests unique features of bifunctional TyrA enzymes." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications 66, no. 10 (July 31, 2010): 1317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1744309110021688.

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15

Danker, Kathleen. "Zen of the Plains: Experiencing Wild Western Places by Tyra A. Olstad." Great Plains Quarterly 35, no. 2 (2015): 223–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gpq.2015.0023.

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16

Moul, Francis. "Zen of the Plains: Experiencing Wild Western Places by Tyra A. Olstad." Western American Literature 50, no. 1 (2015): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wal.2015.0029.

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17

Shimizu, T., N. Takeda, and S. Yagi. "Levels of Biogenic Amines in the Brain during Pupal and Adult Development of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 52, no. 3-4 (April 1, 1997): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1997-3-424.

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AbstractLevels of a wide range of biogenic amines and related metabolites were determined in the brain of the silk worm, Bomby mori, during pupal and adult development using a three-dimensional HPLC system with multiple coulometric electrochemical detection.In the brain of the female adults, metabolic pathways such as tyrosine (TYR-4)->dihydroxyphenylalanine (L -DOPA)-dopamine (DA), TYR-4->tyramine (TYRA), and tryptophan (TRP)->5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were identified. At this stage, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyleth-ylene (DOPAC) was also detected. Metabolic pathways of biogenic amines in the brain from pupal to adult stages are discussed.

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18

Schutjens, P. M. T. M., P. Fokker, U. B. B. Rai, J. Kandpal, M. V. Cid Alfaro, N. D. Hummel, R. Yuan, et al. "Compaction- and Shear-Induced Well Deformation in Tyra: Geomechanics for Impact on Production." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 52, no. 12 (June 24, 2019): 5205–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01892-8.

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19

Lopez-Nieves, Samuel, Anne Pringle, and Hiroshi A. Maeda. "Biochemical characterization of TyrA dehydrogenases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ascomycota) and Pleurotus ostreatus (Basidiomycota)." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 665 (April 2019): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2019.02.005.

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20

Fu, Jiajun, Haining Zhang, Wenming Huang, Xinyu Zhu, Yi Sheng, Eli Song, and Tao Xu. "AIM interneurons mediate feeding suppression through the TYRA-2 receptor in C. elegans." Biophysics Reports 4, no. 1 (February 2018): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41048-018-0046-2.

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21

Jakobsen, F., H. Lindgreen, and H. P. Nytoft. "OIL-IMPREGNATED FLINT IN DANIAN CHALK IN THE TYRA FIELD, NORTH SEA CENTRAL GRABEN." Journal of Petroleum Geology 37, no. 1 (December 17, 2013): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpg.12568.

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22

de Oliveira, Marcos V. V., Xing Jin, Xuan Chen, Daniel Griffith, Sai Batchu, and Hiroshi A. Maeda. "Imbalance of tyrosine by modulating TyrA arogenate dehydrogenases impacts growth and development ofArabidopsis thaliana." Plant Journal 97, no. 5 (January 18, 2019): 901–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14169.

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23

Zubieta, Chloe, Rosanne Joseph, S. Sri Krishna, Daniel McMullan, Mili Kapoor, Herbert L. Axelrod, Mitchell D. Miller, et al. "Identification and structural characterization of heme binding in a novel dye-decolorizing peroxidase, TyrA." Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 69, no. 2 (November 1, 2007): 234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.21673.

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24

Joseph, Ralina L. "“Tyra Banks Is Fat”: Reading (Post-)Racism and (Post-)Feminism in the New Millennium." Critical Studies in Media Communication 26, no. 3 (August 2009): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15295030903015096.

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25

Henner, Dennis J., Louise Band, Gail Flaggs, and Ellson Chen. "The organization and nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus subtilis hisH, tyrA and aroE genes." Gene 49, no. 1 (January 1986): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(86)90394-x.

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26

Hwang, J. S., J. Yang, and A. J. Pittard. "Specific Contacts between Residues in the DNA-Binding Domain of the TyrR Protein and Bases in the Operator of thetyrP Gene of Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 8 (April 15, 1999): 2338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.8.2338-2345.1999.

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ABSTRACT In the presence of tyrosine, the TyrR protein of Escherichia coli represses the expression of the tyrP gene by binding to the double TyrR boxes which overlap the promoter. Previously, we have carried out methylation, uracil, and ethylation interference experiments and have identified both guanine and thymine bases and phosphates within the TyrR box sequences that are contacted by the TyrR protein (J. S. Hwang, J. Yang, and A. J. Pittard, J. Bacteriol. 179:1051–1058, 1997). In this study, we have used missing contact probing to test the involvement of all of the bases within the tyrP operator in the binding of TyrR. Our results indicate that nearly all the bases within the palindromic arms of the strong and weak boxes are important for the binding of the TyrR protein. Two alanine-substituted mutant TyrR proteins, HA494 and TA495, were purified, and their binding affinities for the tyrP operator were measured by a gel shift assay. HA494 was shown to be completely defective in binding to the tyrP operator in vitro, while, in comparison with wild-Type TyrR, TA495 had only a small reduction in DNA binding. Missing contact probing was performed by using the purified TA495 protein, and the results suggest that T495 makes specific contacts with adenine and thymine bases at the ±5 positions in the TyrR boxes.

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27

Faxneld, Per. "‘Mirages and visions in the air’." Approaching Religion 11, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30664/ar.98199.

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Around the year 1900, European discourse on art was becoming increasingly ‘esotericized’. The 1890s saw esoteric art salons create a sensation in Paris, and art critics and theorists painted a picture of the true artist and the esotericist as overlapping figures. There was also at the time a conflict regarding mediumistic art, a phenomenon initially made popular through Spiritualist mediums. This debate, as we shall see, had interesting gendered dimensions. In what follows, I will discuss how the Swedish female esotericist and artist Tyra Kleen (1874–1951) attempted to situate herself in connection to the concept of the artist as a magus, and the tensions between the positive view of mediumism in Spiritualism and the more negative or cautious approach to it in Theosophy, as well as in relation to the attendant gender issues.

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28

Hughes-Decatur, Hilary, and P. Gayle Andrews. "Red Flags Are Blowin’ on the Tyra Show: Acknowledging the Body in Middle Grades Education." Middle School Journal 43, no. 4 (March 2012): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00940771.2012.11461821.

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29

Rex, Elizabeth, Vera Hapiak, Robert Hobson, Katherine Smith, Hong Xiao, and Richard Komuniecki. "TYRA-2 (F01E11.5): a Caenorhabditis elegans tyramine receptor expressed in the MC and NSM pharyngeal neurons." Journal of Neurochemistry 94, no. 1 (July 2005): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03180.x.

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30

Bonner, Carol A., Terrence Disz, Kaitlyn Hwang, Jian Song, Veronika Vonstein, Ross Overbeek, and Roy A. Jensen. "Cohesion Group Approach for Evolutionary Analysis of TyrA, a Protein Family with Wide-Ranging Substrate Specificities." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 72, no. 1 (March 2008): 13–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00026-07.

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SUMMARY Many enzymes and other proteins are difficult subjects for bioinformatic analysis because they exhibit variant catalytic, structural, regulatory, and fusion mode features within a protein family whose sequences are not highly conserved. However, such features reflect dynamic and interesting scenarios of evolutionary importance. The value of experimental data obtained from individual organisms is instantly magnified to the extent that given features of the experimental organism can be projected upon related organisms. But how can one decide how far along the similarity scale it is reasonable to go before such inferences become doubtful? How can a credible picture of evolutionary events be deduced within the vertical trace of inheritance in combination with intervening events of lateral gene transfer (LGT)? We present a comprehensive analysis of a dehydrogenase protein family (TyrA) as a prototype example of how these goals can be accomplished through the use of cohesion group analysis. With this approach, the full collection of homologs is sorted into groups by a method that eliminates bias caused by an uneven representation of sequences from organisms whose phylogenetic spacing is not optimal. Each sufficiently populated cohesion group is phylogenetically coherent and defined by an overall congruence with a distinct section of the 16S rRNA gene tree. Exceptions that occasionally are found implicate a clearly defined LGT scenario whereby the recipient lineage is apparent and the donor lineage of the gene transferred is localized to those organisms that define the cohesion group. Systematic procedures to manage and organize otherwise overwhelming amounts of data are demonstrated.

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31

Fabricius, I. L., and M. A. Rana. "Tilting oil-water contact in the chalk of Tyra Field as interpreted from capillary pressure data." Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference series 7, no. 1 (2010): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/0070463.

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32

Li, B. H., S. Larsen, V. Pratt, and R. Bockrath. "Diverse backmutations at an ochre defect in the tyrA gene sequence of E. coli B/r." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 246, no. 1 (January 1991): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(91)90116-6.

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33

Liu, Dong-Xin. "Integration ofE.coli aroG-pheA tandem genes intoCorynebacterium glutamicum tyrA locus and its effect on L-phenylalanine biosynthesis." World Journal of Gastroenterology 10, no. 24 (2004): 3683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v10.i24.3683.

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34

Maruya, A., M. J. O'Connor, and K. Backman. "Genetic separability of the chorismate mutase and prephenate dehydrogenase components of the Escherichia coli tyrA gene product." Journal of Bacteriology 169, no. 10 (1987): 4852–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.169.10.4852-4853.1987.

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35

Doroshenko, Vera G., Rustem S. Shakulov, Svetlana M. Kazakova, Alexander D. Kivero, Tatyana A. Yampolskaya, and Sergey V. Mashko. "Construction of an l-phenylalanine-producing tyrosine-prototrophic Escherichia coli strain using tyrA ssrA-like tagged alleles." Biotechnology Letters 32, no. 8 (April 3, 2010): 1117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-010-0265-1.

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36

Bone, Jeremy. "Getting Real: Pneumatological Realism and the Spiritual, Moral, and Ministry Formation of Contemporary Christians, by Gary Tyra." Pneuma 41, no. 2 (August 30, 2019): 294–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700747-04102006.

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37

Chávez-Béjar, María I., Alvaro R. Lara, Hezraí López, Georgina Hernández-Chávez, Alfredo Martinez, Octavio T. Ramírez, Francisco Bolívar, and Guillermo Gosset. "Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for l-Tyrosine Production by Expression of Genes Coding for the Chorismate Mutase Domain of the Native Chorismate Mutase-Prephenate Dehydratase and a Cyclohexadienyl Dehydrogenase from Zymomonas mobilis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 10 (March 14, 2008): 3284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02456-07.

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ABSTRACT The expression of the feedback inhibition-insensitive enzyme cyclohexadienyl dehydrogenase (TyrC) from Zymomonas mobilis and the chorismate mutase domain from native chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydratase (PheACM) from Escherichia coli was compared to the expression of native feedback inhibition-sensitive chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydrogenase (CM-TyrAp) with regard to the capacity to produce l-tyrosine in E. coli strains modified to increase the carbon flow to chorismate. Shake flask experiments showed that TyrC increased the yield of l-tyrosine from glucose (Y l-Tyr/Glc ) by 6.8-fold compared to the yield obtained with CM-TyrAp. In bioreactor experiments, a strain expressing both TyrC and PheACM produced 3 g/liter of l-tyrosine with a Y l-Tyr/Glc of 66 mg/g. These values are 46 and 48% higher than the values for a strain expressing only TyrC. The results show that the feedback inhibition-insensitive enzymes can be employed for strain development as part of a metabolic engineering strategy for l-tyrosine production.

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38

Xie, Gary, Carol A. Bonner, and Roy A. Jensen. "Cyclohexadienyl dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas stutzeri exemplifies a widespread type of tyrosine-pathway dehydrogenase in the TyrA protein family." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 125, no. 1 (January 2000): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0742-8413(99)00090-0.

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39

Candra, Jennifer Elvira, and Roswita Oktavianti. "Pengaruh Terpaan Pesan Digital Opinion Leader Terhadap Peningkatan Brand Image Produk (Survey Penonoton Beauty Vlogger Titan Tyra Yang Mengulas Produk Kosmetik Make Over)." Prologia 2, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/pr.v2i2.3714.

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Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya digital opinion leader yang dinilai mampu memberikan dampak dan mempengaruhi cara berfikir khalayak pada suatu produk tertentu. Dengan terciptanya digital opinion leader mereka mempunyai peran dalam sosial media mereka yang mempunyai pengikut lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan individu lain. Oleh karena itu, banyak perusahaan atau brand yang menggunakan mereka sebagai bagian dari strategi pemasaran. Kekuatan pesan yang disampaikan oleh mereka akan mampu mempengaruhi pola berfikir konsumen, yang sekaligus akan berperan untuk menilai citra dari produk atau brand tersebut. Brand kosmetik Make Over menggunakan banyak digital opinion leader salah satunya Titan Tyra. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori komunikasi model dua tahap atau two step flow of communication model. Dari hasil pengolahan data diketahui bahwa variabel independen dalam penelitian ini mempunyai pengaruh sebesar 0,891. Artinya bahwa hubungan antara x dan y sangat kuat. Hasil signifikan (sig.) penelitian ini sebesar 0.000 yang dimana Sig. Hitung < 0.05, yang artinya variabel independen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel dependen, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Terpaan Pesan Digital Opinion Leader mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap Brand Image Produk.

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40

Plakhova, X. I., N. P. Petrova, A. A. Nikonorov, and A. A. Kubanov. "BIOCHEMICAL ATYPIA IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN STRAINS OF NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 65, no. 8 (July 20, 2020): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-8-507-511.

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A total 267 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae obtained in 2016 from 16 regions of the Russian Federation in six federal districts: Southern, Central, Northwestern, Volga, Ural and Siberian were investigated. All microorganisms were identified by biochemical profile on the Vitek 2 Compact analyzer. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-ToF MS) was used as an alternative method of identification. Biochemical typing revealed an atypical indistinctive enzymatic profile of N. gonorrhoeae(loss of D-glucose fermentation abilityand reducing of specific enzymes: ProA, TyrA, APPA in 49.1% of studies (131 strains), resulting in 39 strains (14.6%) were assigned to other types of microorganisms. Additional biochemical typing reduced the percentage of error by almost five times (from 14,6 to 3), but 100% confirmation of N. gonorrhoeae was not received.However, verification by mass spectrometer study showed 100% affiliation of the microorganism to N. gonorrhoeae. Biochemical atypia of N. gonorrhoeae represented by the loss of a number of taxonomically significant characters determines the need for an integrated approach to its identification which includes proteomic (massspectrometry) and/or genomic (PCR) studiesalong with biochemical typing.

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41

XIA, T., G. ZHAO, R. S. FISCHER, and R. A. JENSEN. "A monofunctional prephenate dehydrogenase created by cleavage of the 5' 109 bp of the tyrA gene from Erwinia herbicola." Journal of General Microbiology 138, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 1309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-138-7-1309.

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42

FABRICIUS, IDA L., and MAI K. BORRE. "Stylolites, porosity, depositional texture, and silicates in chalk facies sediments. Ontong Java Plateau ? Gorm and Tyra fields, North Sea." Sedimentology 54, no. 1 (February 2007): 183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2006.00828.x.

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Yomantas, Yurgis A. V., Irina L. Tokmakova, Natalya V. Gorshkova, Elena G. Abalakina, Svetlana M. Kazakova, Evgueni R. Gak, and Sergey V. Mashko. "Aromatic Amino Acid Auxotrophs Constructed by Recombinant Marker Exchange in Methylophilus methylotrophus AS1 Cells Expressing the aroP-Encoded Transporter of Escherichia coli." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 1 (October 30, 2009): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02217-09.

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ABSTRACT The isolation of auxotrophic mutants, which is a prerequisite for a substantial genetic analysis and metabolic engineering of obligate methylotrophs, remains a rather complicated task. We describe a novel method of constructing mutants of the bacterium Methylophilus methylotrophus AS1 that are auxotrophic for aromatic amino acids. The procedure begins with the Mu-driven integration of the Escherichia coli gene aroP, which encodes the common aromatic amino acid transporter, into the genome of M. methylotrophus. The resulting recombinant strain, with improved permeability to certain amino acids and their analogues, was used for mutagenesis. Mutagenesis was carried out by recombinant substitution of the target genes in the chromosome by linear DNA using the FLP-excisable marker flanked with cloned homologous arms longer than 1,000 bp. M. methylotrophus AS1 genes trpE, tyrA, pheA, and aroG were cloned in E. coli, sequenced, disrupted in vitro using a Kmr marker, and electroporated into an aroP carrier recipient strain. This approach led to the construction of a set of marker-less M. methylotrophus AS1 mutants auxotrophic for aromatic amino acids. Thus, introduction of foreign amino acid transporter genes appeared promising for the following isolation of desired auxotrophs on the basis of different methylotrophic bacteria.

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Alpert, Joan. "Where the Jungians Are James and Tyra Arraj .A Jungian Psychology Resource Guide. Chiloquin, Oregon, Tools for Inner Growth, 1987." San Francisco Jung Institute Library Journal 8, no. 1 (September 1988): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jung.1.1988.8.1.67.

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Xia, T., G. Zhao, and R. A. Jensen. "ThepheA/tyrA/aroF region fromErwinia herbicola: An emerging comparative basis for analysis of gene organization and regulation in enteric bacteria." Journal of Molecular Evolution 36, no. 2 (February 1993): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00166246.

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Coton, Monika, María Fernández, Hein Trip, Victor Ladero, Niels L. Mulder, Juke S. Lolkema, Miguel A. Alvarez, and Emmanuel Coton. "Characterization of the tyramine-producing pathway in Sporolactobacillus sp. P3J." Microbiology 157, no. 6 (June 1, 2011): 1841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.046367-0.

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A sporulated lactic acid bacterium (LAB) isolated from cider must was shown to harbour the tdc gene encoding tyrosine decarboxylase. The isolate belonged to the Sporolactobacillus genus and may correspond to a novel species. The ability of the tdc-positive strain, Sporolactobacillus sp. strain P3J, to produce tyramine in vitro was demonstrated by using HPLC. A 7535 bp nucleotide sequence harbouring the putative tdc gene was determined. Analysis of the obtained sequence showed that four tyramine production-associated genes [tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (tyrS), tyrosine decarboxylase (tdc), tyrosine permease (tyrP) and Na+/H+ antiporter (nhaC)] were present and were organized as already described in other tyramine-producing LAB. This operon was surrounded by genes showing the highest identities with mobile elements: a putative phage terminase and a putative transposase (downstream and upstream, respectively), suggesting that the tyramine-forming trait was acquired through horizontal gene transfer. Transcription analyses of the tdc gene cluster suggested that tyrS and nhaC are expressed as monocistronic genes while tdc would be part of a polycistronic mRNA together with tyrP. The presence of tyrosine in the culture medium induced the expression of all genes except for tyrS. A clear correlation was observed between initial tyrosine concentration and tyramine production combined with an increase in the final pH reached by the culture. Finally, cloning and expression of the tyrP gene in Lactococcus lactis demonstrated that its product catalyses the exchange of tyrosine and tyramine.

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Robinson, Jonathan, and Marja Jalli. "Grain yield, net blotch and scald of barley in Finnish official variety trials." Agricultural and Food Science 6, no. 5-6 (December 1, 1997): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72803.

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Data on grain yield, and terminal severity of net blotch (Pyrenophora teres f. teres) and scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) from Finnish official barley (Hordeum vulgare) variety trials were analysed to indicate the pattern of disease incidence over six years and five sites for nineteen barley genotypes, and the effect of the diseases on yield and the genotype by environment interaction for yield. The effect of climatic factors on net blotch severity were also investigated. The genotype by site interaction for net blotch severity was not statistically significant, but that for yield was. Net blotch severity differed between years, but was similar across sites and there were statistically significant first order interactions between year, site and genotype. ‘Saana’ and ‘Thule’ had relatively low mean terminal net blotch scores and their reaction to the disease was less sensitive to the environment than was that of ‘Tyra’ for example. Analysis of yield data adjusted for net blotch severity indicated that the magnitude of the genotype by environment interaction terms were not accounted for to any significant degree by differences in relative net blotch resistances among the barley genotypes. Overall, mean scores for scald severity were lower than those for net blotch. Terminal net blotch severity was correlated with May rainfall and growing degree days.

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Eisa, Ahmed, Bettina Bölter, and Serena Schwenkert. "The ACT domain in chloroplast precursor–phosphorylating STY kinases binds metabolites and allosterically regulates kinase activity." Journal of Biological Chemistry 294, no. 46 (October 8, 2019): 17278–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.010298.

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Protein import of nucleus-encoded proteins into plant chloroplasts is a highly regulated process, requiring fine-tuning mechanisms especially during chloroplast differentiation. One way of altering import efficiency is phosphorylation of chloroplast transit peptides in the cytosol. We recently investigated the role of three serine/threonine/tyrosine (STY) kinases, STY8, STY17, and STY46, in precursor phosphorylation. These three kinases have a high degree of similarity and harbor a conserved aspartate kinase–chorismate mutase–tyrA (prephenate dehydrogenase) (ACT) domain upstream of the kinase domain. The ACT domain is a widely distributed structural motif known to be important for allosteric regulation of many enzymes. In this work, using biochemical and biophysical techniques in vitro and in planta, including kinase assays, microscale thermophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, as well as site-directed mutagenesis approaches, we show that the ACT domain regulates autophosphorylation and substrate phosphorylation of the STY kinases. We found that isoleucine and S-adenosylmethionine bind to the ACT domain, negatively influencing its autophosphorylation ability. Moreover, we investigated the role of the ACT domain in planta and confirmed its involvement in chloroplast differentiation in vivo. Our results provide detailed insights into the regulation of enzyme activity by ACT domains and establish that it has a role in binding amino acid ligands during chloroplast biogenesis.

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Shlaifer, Irina, Peter Kojo Quashie, Hyun Young Kim, and Joanne L. Turnbull. "Biochemical characterization of TyrA enzymes from Ignicoccus hospitalis and Haemophilus influenzae: A comparative study of the bifunctional and monofunctional dehydrogenase forms." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics 1865, no. 3 (March 2017): 312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.12.014.

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Zientz, Evelyn, Ivo Beyaert, Roy Gross, and Heike Feldhaar. "Relevance of the Endosymbiosis of Blochmannia floridanus and Carpenter Ants at Different Stages of the Life Cycle of the Host." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 9 (September 2006): 6027–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00933-06.

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ABSTRACT Expression of several genes possibly involved in the symbiotic relationship between the obligate intracellular endosymbiont Blochmannia floridanus and its ant host Camponotus floridanus was investigated at different developmental stages of the host by real-time quantitative PCR. These included a set of genes related to nitrogen metabolism (ureC, ureF, glnA, and speB) as well as genes involved in the synthesis of the aromatic amino acid tyrosine (tyrA, aspC, and hisC). The overall transcriptional activity of Blochmannia was found to be quite low during early developmental stages and to increase steadily with host age. However, a concerted peak of gene expression related to nitrogen recycling could be detected around the entire process of pupation, while expression of biosynthesis pathways for aromatic amino acids was elevated only during a short phase in pupation. These data suggest an important role of certain metabolic functions for the symbiotic interactions of the bacteria and an individual host organism in early phases of development. General relevance of Blochmannia for its ant host was tested in fostering experiments with worker groups of Camponotus floridanus, and their success in raising pupae from first-instar larvae was used as a fitness measure. Groups treated with antibiotics had a significantly reduced success in raising the brood in comparison to untreated control groups, indicating that the symbiosis is relevant for the development of the entire colony.

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