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Journal articles on the topic 'Tyrol (Austria) – History – 19th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ragozin, German. "Croats and Serbs in the history of the Habsburg empire: conservative view of the first third of the 19th century in the works of Joseph von Hormayr." Slavic Almanac, no. 3-4 (2023): 12–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2023.3-4.01.

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The paper deals with images of non-Germanic ethnic communities in the Habsburg empire conservative historiography in the first three decades of the 19th century, based on Croatian and Serbian cases. The author chose the works of Joseph von Hormayr, who was known as the Austrian conservative activist and politician. He was the one to present the officially accepted understanding of the Austrian and Habsburg imperial history during that period. The sources which are chosen as the subject of analysis are the following works by Joseph von Hormayr: “The Austrian Plutarch”, “The Inner Austrian Army

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Kerschner, Hanns. "Statistical modelling of equilibrium-line altitudes of Hintereisferner, central Alps, Austria, 1859–present." Annals of Glaciology 24 (1997): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500012027.

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Equilibrium-line altitudes (ELAs) are reconstructed for Hintereisferner, Tyrol, Austria, using temperature and precipitation records for the period from 1859 to the present. The basic idea is to calibrate simple statistical models using observations of the ELA over the period 1964–92. Results are compared with those of Kuhn’s glacial–meteorological model of ELA fluctuations. Correlation coefficients between observed and predicted ELAs arc 0.91 for the glacial–meteorological model and 0.98 for the multiple regression model. The calibrated model allows backward extrapolation of the ELA from the

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Kerschner, Hanns. "Statistical modelling of equilibrium-line altitudes of Hintereisferner, central Alps, Austria, 1859–present." Annals of Glaciology 24 (1997): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500012027.

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Equilibrium-line altitudes (ELAs) are reconstructed for Hintereisferner, Tyrol, Austria, using temperature and precipitation records for the period from 1859 to the present. The basic idea is to calibrate simple statistical models using observations of the ELA over the period 1964–92. Results are compared with those of Kuhn’s glacial–meteorological model of ELA fluctuations. Correlation coefficients between observed and predicted ELAs arc 0.91 for the glacial–meteorological model and 0.98 for the multiple regression model. The calibrated model allows backward extrapolation of the ELA from the

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4

Kotova, Elena. "The German Question in the Foreign Policy of the Austrian Empire in 1850—1866." ISTORIYA 12, no. 6 (104) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840016050-4.

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For centuries, the House of Austria (the Habsburgs) maintained its leadership in the Holy Roman Empire, and later in the German Union. But in the middle of the 19th century the situation changed, Austria lost its position in Germany, lost to Prussia in the struggle for hegemony. The article examines what factors influenced such an outcome of the German question, what policy Austria pursued in the 50—60s of the 19th century, what tasks it set for itself. The paper traces the relationship between the domestic and foreign policy of Austria. Economic weakness and political instability prevented th

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Barovic, Vladimir, and Ljubomir Zuber. "Jovan Pavlovic as a liberalism paradigm in the history of Serbian press." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 161 (2017): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1761013b.

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This paper is focused on a celebrated Serbian journalist and liberal, Jovan Pavlovic, who founded and edited, in the second half of the 19th century, the following newspapers: Pancevac, Granicar and Novi Granicar. Pavlovic turned his newspapers into the most militant and the most liberal media printed in Serbian language in Austria-Hungary in the second half of the 19th century. This paper analyzes the beginnings of Serbian liberal thought and individuals who were significant for the development of liberal ideas in the 19th century. The work of Vladimir Jovanovic and other liberals in Serbia h

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Ragozin, German. "The Emergence of Habsburgs in Early Works of Joseph von Hormayr." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, no. 3 (2022): 833–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.310.

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The paper deals with the issue of emergence of the Austrian historical myth in the early 19th century. The identity crisis in Austria, Holy Roman Empire and Habsburg possessions due to the French revolution and collapse of the “Old empire” brought a discussion on loyalty towards dynasty, throne, and the state. Relations of Habsburgs with their non-Germanic realms also underwent a transformation connected with the creation of the Austrian empire in 1804. Intellectuals in the early 19th century Vienna were faced with the challenge to revisit the remains of the old model of identity and relations

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Antonelli, Mauro, and Siegfried Ludwig Sporer. "The History of Eyewitness Testimony and the Foundations of the "Lie Detector" in Austria and Italy." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 1 (April 2021): 41–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2021-001003.

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Although little known, the theoretical and methodological roots of lie detection, in particular of the development of the so-called "lie detector", must be placed in central Europe, in particular in Germany, Austria, and later in Italy at the turn of the 19th and 20th century. Focusing on Austria and Italy, we trace this development from Hans Gross in Austria to Vittorio Benussi and his pupil Cesare L. Musatti in Italy. Benussi, initially active at the University of Graz and later at the University of Padua, was the mediating link between the Austrian and Italian legal psychology tradition.

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Hechenblaikner, Verena. "Die Veränderung des alpinen Schutzhüttenbaus vom 19. bis zum 21. Jahrhundert." historia.scribere, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/historia.scribere.12.610.

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Changes in Alpine shelter construction from the 19th to the 21st century. A contribution to the environmental history of Western AustriaThe following paper provides a chronological overview of Alpine shelter construction in Western Austria from the 19th to the 21st century. It examines the ambivalent role the “Alpenverein” has played in this Alpine development and scrutinizes its changing attitude to nature conservation. In doing so, the paper argues that different shelter constructions and the discussions surrounding them might be regarded as indicators of a general change in environmental aw

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Havlíček, Marek, Aleš Vyskočil, Martin Caletka, et al. "History of Using Hydropower in the Moravice River Basin, Czechia." Water 14, no. 6 (2022): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14060916.

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Water-powered facilities (WPFs) have traditionally been a pillar of the economy and social development. Therefore, the state took an interest in having these objects recorded and mapped in relevant maps and registers. This article focuses on identifying and localizing WPFs in the Moravice River basin in the so-called Sudetenland, Czechia, between the years 1763 and 2021. Specifically, the evolution and (dis)continuity of the WPFs are assessed through an analysis of cartographic and archival sources, reflecting the wider socioeconomic and demographic context as explanatory variables. The cartog

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10

Boček, Martin. "Cunard Line and its operations within the Habsburg Monarchy." Zgodovinski časopis 75, no. 3-4 (2021): 423–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56420/zgodovinskicasopis.2021.3-4.05.

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The article depicts and analyses shipping in the Habsburg Monarchy. It is closely related to the overseas companies, one of which was Cunard Line. This shipping company was founded in the 19th century and as one of the ﬁ rst with other shipping companies occupied an important position in emigration trafﬁ c from the European continent. Thanks to the established shipping lines to North American ports, especially to New York, the company soon began the focus on the transport of migrants from Austria-Hungary and could also build large steamboats designed for migration transport.

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Turkalj, Jasna. "Parliamentary Immunity in the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia in the Second Half of the 19th Century and Its European Models." Review of Croatian history 19, no. 1 (2023): 45–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22586/rch.v19i1.28472.

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The paper discusses the development of the English model of parliamentary immunity, which was limited to non-accountability immunity, and the French model. During the revolutionary events in France at the end of the 18th century, the French model established a two-tier system that included both non-accountability and inviolability immunities. With the development of parliamentary systems during the second half of the 19th century, the French model was adopted throughout continental Europe, including Austria, Hungary, and the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia. This paper focuses on the Law on the

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Lapaine, М. "Geodetic foundations of cartography in Europe in 19th century." Geodesy and Cartography 977, no. 11 (2021): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2021-977-11-51-64.

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Geodetic surveying comprises the determination of locations on and the dimensions of the earth’s surface at a various scales. In the 19th century, its technologies are those of direct measurement of the earth’s surface combined with astronomical observations. Its social context encompasses all those individuals and institutions involved in the creation, preservation, use, and arrangement of knowledge of the earth. In the introductory part of the paper the author mentions several important events in the history of the 19th century geodesy. Geodetic work on determining the size of the Earth by m

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Oliynyk, Dmytro. "Two- and Three-Row Xylophones in the Musical and Instrumental Culture of Europe in the 19th – First Half of the 20th Century." Bulletin of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts. Series in Musical Art 6, no. 2 (2023): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31866/2616-7581.6.2.2023.291082.

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The purpose of the research is to analyze the design features of European xylophones with two- and three-row plate arrangements, to establish the modes, range, various systems of sound ordering and use in folk and professional performance of the nineteenth – first half of the twentieth century. The research methodology is based on a set of specific and general scientific methods: instrumentology – for analyzing the design of instruments; comparative and typological – for studying the types of xylophones; ethnomusicology – for studying the use of xylophones in folk and professional music. The s

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Oliynyk, Dmytro. "Two- and Three-Row Xylophones in the Musical and Instrumental Culture of Europe in the 19th – First Half of the 20th Century." Bulletin of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts. Series in Musical Art 6, no. 2 (2023): 133–45. https://doi.org/10.31866/2616-7581.6.2.2023.291082.

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<strong>The purpose of the research </strong>is to analyze the design features of European xylophones with two- and three-row plate arrangements, to establish the modes, range, various systems of sound ordering and use in folk and professional performance of the nineteenth – first half of the twentieth century. <strong>The research methodology </strong>is based on a set of specific and general scientific methods: instrumentology – for analyzing the design of instruments; comparative and typological – for studying the types of xylophones; ethnomusicology – for studying the use of xylophones in

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Strelko, Oleh, and Oksana Pylypchuk. "Characteristics of unpaved roads in the late 18th century – early 19th century, and the design of the first wooden trackway as a forerunner to the Bukovyna railways." History of science and technology 11, no. 2 (2021): 437–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2021-11-2-437-452.

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In the history of Bukovinian social life in the 1840–1850s, an important role is played by the fierce struggle for the introduction of rail transport. This struggle took place in the deepening crisis of the feudal system and the development of capitalism in the Austrian Empire. Primitive medieval methods of transporting goods and passengers by waterways and unpaved roads, which for centuries met the needs of feudal Bukovyna, became a brake on the economic, social and political progress of the Bukovyna region. The beginning of the transport revolution in England had a huge public response in Au

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Vanover, Ty. "Hard Pressed: Queer Print Theory in Germany and Austria in the Long 19th Century." Ikonotheka, no. 32 (January 18, 2024): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2657-6015ik.32.7.

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This essay examines the ways in which the material realities of art print production opened onto the lived experiences of their queer makers and viewers in Germany and Austria during the long 19th century. After an initial analysis of how pressure registered in the work of German artist Sascha Schneider, I examine how the translation of works by the Tyrolean painter Franz von Defregger into print facilitated their collection by queer men across Germany and Austria. My final case study focuses on the print collection of the queer Austrian Archduke Ludwig Viktor, arguing that print collecting pl

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17

Marney, Ludmila, and Boris Nosov. "The Problem Concerning Integrity of the National Economy in the Divided Polish Lands: The Kingdom of Poland (1815–1830)." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 3 (55) (January 26, 2022): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2021-55-3-181-194.

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The article considers the history of the Polish national economy and national market in the period of emergence of so-called bourgeois nations in Europe, when lands of former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were partitioned between three powers: the Russian Empire, the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. The history of nations in the 19th century is often studied in such conditions when the part of the ethnic community became the part of the foreign country as it occurred with Poland. Under the foreign domination, ethnic and national development factors as well as cultural a

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McLean, Eden. "What Does It Mean to Be a(n Italian) Borderland? Recent Literature on Italy's ‘New Provinces’ of South Tyrol and the Julian March." Contemporary European History 30, no. 3 (2021): 449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777320000545.

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In the era of the Schengen Area (at least in the days before Covid-19), travel from Munich to Bozen/Bolzano or Ljubljana to Trst/Trieste is a decidedly unremarkable, albeit beautiful, adventure. Just as meaningful as the lack of border controls, travellers find all public signage in both Italian and German (and sometimes Ladin, too) upon arrival in Bozen/Bolzano. Signs in the streets of Trst/Trieste less reliably have Slovene alongside the Italian, but assistance with translation can be found with little difficulty. The Italian autonomous regions ‘with special statutes’ in which these cities r

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Thomas, Riley, Jocelyn Alcantára-García, and Jan Wouters. "A Snapshot of Viennese Textile History using Multi-Instrumental analysis: Benedict codecasa’s swatchbook." MRS Advances 2, no. 63 (2017): 3959–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.604.

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AbstractThe Habsburg Empire was a sovereign dynasty ruled by the Habsburgs between the 15th and 20th centuries. Although its borders were not defined before the 19th century, what is now Austria, Hungary, some areas of the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Italy were at some point part of the Empire. Starting in the 17th century, the Empire had Vienna as the capital, which was a hub for culture and craft where silk was a valued commodity. Despite the political and cultural importance of the Empire, little is known of its trade practices and sources of raw material. Using a combination of X-R

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Sirotkina, Evgeniya V. "The evolution of pension insurance legislation in Germany and Austria in the 19th–20th centuries: “pain points” and ways to overcome them." Current Issues of the State and Law 4, no. 4 (2024): 502–9. https://doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2024-8-4-502-509.

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The process of development of pension insurance system in Germany in Austria in 19th and 20th centuries is studied. It is highlighted that the era of industrialization led to significant social changes, which entailed the need to create pension systems that would be able to meet the needs of vulnerable citizens groups – the disabled and the elderly. The research examines the question of how social pension insurance systems developed in Germany and Austria in the context of “delayed” industrialization and analyzes approaches to the formation of pension systems. The aim of the study is to examin

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Kirill, Shevchenko. "Russian Empire in Public and Political Discourse of Galician Rus’ in the 19th and Beginning of the 20th Century." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 2 (May 27, 2022): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2022-0-2-49-59.

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The article analyzes the role and place of the Russian Empire in the Galician-Russian public and cultural activities in the 19th century. Representatives of the Galician-Russian intelligentsia in the 19th century considered Galician and Ugric Rusyns from Austria-Hungary to be part of the common civilizational community consisting of Great Russians, Little Russians and White Russians. Galician-Russian intelligentsia interpreted the formation of the Muscovite Rus and then Russian Empire, the formation of the Russian culture and Russian literary language as the result of the common political and

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Stogov, Dmitrii I. "The Rusin agenda in the works of Russian Conservatives of the late 19th - early 20th century." Rusin, no. 67 (2022): 174–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/67/10.

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The article analyses the statements of a number of right-wing conservative politicians, publicists, and thinkers concerning various aspects (socio-economic, political, religious, and cultural) of the life of the Rusinian population of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Analyzing the socio-political life of the Austro-Hungarian Rusins, Conservatives drew attention to their difficult economic situation, criticized the Austro-Hungarian authorities and the Polish public and called for the development of possible ways to improve the situation. Russian Conservatives mostly focused on the spiritual and cul

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Aprent (Vienna/Munich), Patrick, and Magret Berger (Vienna/St. Pölten). "Female Theatre Managers in ‘Peripheral Spaces’. Re-Mapping the 19th-Century Habsburg Monarchy Theatre Landscape." Forum Modernes Theater 35, no. 1-2 (2024): 39–54. https://doi.org/10.1353/fmt.2024.a957525.

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Abstract: This article focuses on female theatre managers in the nineteenth-century Habsburg Monarchy, specifically within the territory of present-day Austria. Combining qualitative and quantitative research and utilising methods from geography and the digital humanities, it aims to reintroduce the many women who led theatres and thereby made substantial contributions to the theatrical and cultural life of their time, but who have been excluded or inaccurately represented in later theatre history writing. By analysing the content of around 230 theatre almanacs, this article illustrates the ge

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Șabac, Karina. "The Forgotten Sounds of a Century. Romanian Music and Lithographies From the 19th Century: Reflections on Half a Century of Censorship." Musicology Today: Journal of the National University of Music Bucharest XIV, no. 55 (2025): 207–35. https://doi.org/10.69608/mt.55.05.

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Towards 1850, a fully developed industry of editors, lithographers, instrument-manufacturers from UK, Germany, France, and Austria arrived with its 400 years old legacy to a region deeply steeped in folklore and Byzantine traditions: the Romanian Principalities. At this point we see arguably one of the fastest cultural transformations of a nation, the process of assimilation of occidental standards being greatly catalyzed by the instauration of a new constitutional monarchy in Romania with King Carol I (1866-1914) and the innovative Queen Elisabeth (1869-1916). As my research revealed, she has

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Baljit, Singh. "World War I : Its Causes and Effects." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Transactions 4, no. 11 (2022): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7258954.

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First World War is considered as one of the largest wars in history. The world’s great powers assembled in two opposing alliances the Allies (British Empire, France and the Russian Empire) versus the Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary). WWI lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Over the course of the 19th century, rival powers of Europe formed alliances. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance. Great Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente. Tensions grew between Austria-Hungary and Serbia as Serbian nationalists attempted to unite all

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Fischer, Dirk-Hinnerk. "A Comparison of the Economic Situation of Tyrol, Austria in Three Key Periods: 1908-1913, 1945-1950 and 2008-2013." Baltic Journal of European Studies 5, no. 1 (2015): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2015-0007.

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AbstractThe development of a formerly poor state in a great European power to a rich state in a small European country is remarkable. But the interest of this article is mainly on the methodology which is based on the exclusive focus on three key periods in the history of the observed region. This methodology leads to a very specific understanding of development and economic growth. The periods chosen in this example are the five years before the First World War, as it was a period of development and growth that in the end led to the fundamental crisis in the 20th century. The second period co

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Vonka, Martin, and Robert Kořínek. "CHIMNEY RESERVOIRS: UNIQUE TECHNICAL STRUCTURES FROM THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC." Acta Polytechnica 58, no. 2 (2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2018.58.0155.

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In the past, various methods and technological systems were used to supply water on industrial and other sites. In the early 19th century, Professor Otto Intze invented a new form of water reservoir that could be installed in a tower tank or even on the body of a chimney. This gave rise to a structure that had never been seen before – a chimney reservoir. The advantages of this structure resulted in it quickly becoming very popular, especially in the country in which it originated, Germany. The structure spread from the German Empire into other countries, including Austria-Hungary. The first c

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Mitea, Ionel Constantin. "Reprezentanţi consulari austrieci şi belgieni în oraşe din Ţara Românească (1849 – 1936)." Analele Universităţii "Dunărea de Jos" din Galaţi Fascicula XIX Istorie 22 (July 8, 2024): 73–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/history.2023.05.

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For the reference period, Austria and Belgium have registered an intense dynamic of consular representation in Bucharest and other important cities in the Romanian region, as an expression of a pronounced geopolitical and economic interest in the strategic opportunities offered by our space. The beginning of the sustained Austrian consular interest in the Romanian Country region is recorded in the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Bucharest, starting in 1849, and a similar interest in Belgium is evident from 1870. The consular representation efforts complemented those of the forei

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Supady, Grzegorz. "Cudzoziemcy w "Cudzoziemce" i w innych powieściach Marii Kuncewiczowej." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 57, no. 4 (2023): 333–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.757.

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The novels of Maria Kuncewiczowa abound in opinions on “foreigners” — primarily Russians, Germans, and Austrians. These observations were literary-processed reflections of the writer”s personal experiences acquired during her long stays abroad, mainly in England, France, and the USA, as well as during the trips she made through Germany, Austria, and other European countries. However, the perception of Polish-Russian relations was influenced by matters related to the history of the writer’s family, born in the last decade of the 19th century in Russian territory. Despite the passage of time, ma

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Balogh, Róbert, and Péter Homor. "Professionalization, State-building and the Language Question in Forestry: The Case of the 19th Century Kingdom of Hungary." Historica. Revue pro historii a příbuzné vědy 14, no. 1 (2023): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/historica.2022.14.0003.

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Due to its role in transforming landscapes, and because of its knowledge production that took place in a transnational space, forestry is a salient aspect of environmental history globally. Yet, the way forestry management practices evolved in the eastern part of Austria‑Hungary has a meagre presence in the literature of environmental history or in the study of empires. This paper begins with outlining routes of circulation of knowledge of forestry within the Habsburg Empire. It emphasises the role of the Academy (later College) of Forestry and Mining at Banská Štiavnica (Selmecbánya in Hungar

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Kangor, Eero. "Art History as a New Discipline at the Estonian University in Tartu after the Long 19th Century." Baltic Journal of Art History 24 (August 22, 2023): 7–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/bjah.2022.24.01.

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The article is the first attempt to present the beginnings of Estonian professional art history in the 1920s in a regional and global context. The author strives to situate the University of Tartu (Dorpat) in the pan-European network of universities, where art history had gradually become regarded as a new discipline during and after the long 19th century. Art history is rooted in the Age of Enlightenment, with Johann Joachim Winckelmann retrospectively named the father of art history. But it was about a half century after his death that art history was incorporated into a general subject of a

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Pavel, Cătălin, and Daniel Citirigă. "History of states, history of individuals. Eminescu on Austria and the Romanian Principalities." Swedish Journal of Romanian Studies 5, no. 1 (2022): 178–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.35824/sjrs.v5i1.23805.

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The present article aims to offer excerpts f an essential article by the Romanian “national poet” Mihai Eminescu in the English translation, with a historical commentary. The translation aims to make Eminescu’s text available to an international audience of scholars, helping to write a more accurate social and cultural history of 19th century Europe. In turn, the commentary aims to show that Eminescu’s political vision, although substantially conservative, incorporated a number of tenets that were to become an inspiration for a number of politicians of highly diverse backgrounds, from the Iron

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Stimmer, Gernot. "The History of Austrian Students Between Academic Status and Socio-Political Activity 1848-1938." CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades 25, no. 1 (2022): 85–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cian.2022.6994.

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The development of a scholarly and objective historiography of students in the Habsburg monarchy and the First Austrian Republic only began at the end of the twentieth century. Several factors explain why it was only after gaining a certain temporal and emotional distance that historians were able to write a more scientifically objective history of universities and students. It was not until the middle of the 19th century that students, who were strictly controlled by the state and the Catholic Church until 1859, were able to emerge as an independent group of actors. The multitude of associati

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Obu, Raphael Nyarkotey, and Lawrencia Aggrey Bluwey. "A chronological account of the history & progress of naturopathy in Ghana." IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science 5, no. 3 (2022): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2022.021.

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Naturopathy is the general practice of Natural remedies. Others have also opined that Naturopathy is the way of life. Additionally, any natural modality that is effective and has scientific support is considered Naturopathy in the modern dispensation. The naturopathic movement started in the 19th century by the hydrotherapy and nature cure proponents in Austria and Germany and professionalized in North America. Africa, Naturopathy is well appreciated in South Africa and is a highly regulated Profession. In Ghana, we found that the Naturopathy movement started in the 1960s. It has however gaine

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Horák, Ondřej. "Od „posledního“ k „nejbližšímu“ dědici? K vývoji postavení manželky v česko-rakouském a československém dědickém právu." PRÁVNĚHISTORICKÉ STUDIE 52, no. 3 (2023): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/2464689x.2022.38.

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The paper deals with the changes in the position of the wife in law of succession (both as an intestate heir and as a person entitled to the forced share) in the Czech lands from the middle of the 18th century to the present day, and also with discussions about the adjustment of her inheritance-legal position in Czech-Austrian jurisprudence at the beginning of the 20th century (during the recodification of ABGB) and in the 1920s (in connection with the interwar recodification). The evolution of law of succession in the Czech-Austrian area and in the European context is characterized by the str

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Albano, Paolo G., Sara-Maria Schnedl, Ronald Janssen, and Anita Eschner. "An illustrated catalogue of Rudolf Sturany’s type specimens in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria (NHMW): Red Sea bivalves." Zoosystematics and Evolution 95, no. 2 (2019): 557–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.38229.

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Rudolf Sturany, the curator of molluscs of the Natural History Museum of Vienna between the late 19th and early 20th century described 21 species of bivalves from the Red Sea collected by the pioneering expeditions of the vessel “Pola” which took place between 1895 and 1898. We here list and illustrate the type material of these species, provide the original descriptions, a translation into English, and curatorial and taxonomic comments. All species are illustrated in colour and with SEM imaging. To stabilize the nomenclature, we designate lectotypes for Gastrochaena weinkauffi, Cuspidaria bra

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Faragó, Sándor. "Vadgazdálkodás és vadászat herceg Festetics Tasziló birtokain." Magyar Apróvad Közlemények 15 (2023): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17243/mavk.2023.207.

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In the last third of the 19th century, in addition to extensive hunting, conscious management and stock control became characteristic, either in free-range farming or in captive breeding. In this new approach to management, Hungarian gamekeepers took part in different ways and with different emphasis due to the ecological features, such as Count LAJOS KÁROLYI in Tótmegyer (FARAGÓ 2017, 2023), Markgraf (Marquess) ALFONZ PALLAVICINI in Pusztaszer (PINJUNG, 2021) and Prince TASZILÓ FESTETICS in Berzence. In this work, we review the hunting and game management activities of Prince TASZILÓ FESTETIC

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Mikhailov, Vadim, and Konstantin Losev. "Transition of the Rusins of Austria-Hungary to the bosom of Orthodoxy in the end of 19th - beginning of 20th century: Lost perspective for Russia." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 10-4 (2020): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202010statyi90.

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The article is devoted to the issue of Church policy in relation to the Rusyn population of Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire. In the second half of the 19th century, the policy of the Austro-Hungarian administration towards the Rusyn Uniate population of the Empire underwent changes. Russia’s victories in the wars of 1849 and 1877-1878 aroused the desire of the educated part of the Rusyns to return to the bosom of the Orthodox Church. Nevertheless, even during the World War I, when the Russian army captured part of the territories inhabited by Rusyns, the military and officials of the Ru

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Jancsó, Katalin. "El indigenismo de Maximiliano en México (1864-1867)." Acta Hispanica 14 (January 1, 2009): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/actahisp.2009.14.5-18.

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The aim of our study is to examine an interesting period of Mexican history: the empire of Maximilian I, born Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph of Austria. After a short introduction to the Hungarian historiography of the topic, the 19th century turbulent history of Mexico, the circumstances of the French intervention and the emperor’s ascendance to the throne, we concentrate on the analysis of Maximilian’s attitude towards indigenous people. Influenced by French socialists, Maria Theresa’s illustrated absolutism and contemporary liberalism, the emperor tried to alleviate the painful effect

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Djukanovic, Dragan, and Marko Dasic. "Serbia’s positioning in the central European context: Between the “two/three” concepts of Central Europe." Medjunarodni problemi 76, no. 3 (2024): 361–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp2403361d.

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The authors discuss the unique characteristics of Central Europe, particularly in the last century, and highlight the fundamental differences in the influence vectors within this region of Europe. In this regard, we can distinguish the regions of the Visegrad Group (V4) and the Alpine sub-region (Germany, Austria, Croatia, and Slovenia). The differences between the countries in the V4 arrangement are more pronounced, particularly regarding their positions on the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and their varying dynamics of democratic processes. Throughout its modern history, Serbia has predom

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Lau, Ronja. "Hallstatt Period Fibre Analysis from Slovenian Burials." Latvijas Universitātes Žurnāls Vēsture, no. 13/14 (February 22, 2023): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/luzv.13.14.03.

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Multiple Slovenian cemeteries of the early Iron Age/Hallstatt period (800–400 BC) yield mineralised textile finds. Due to preservation of the textiles on metal objects, they can be contextualised and analysed using a variety of methods. The current paper discusses the applicable methods and information that can be acquired from very small textiles fragments. Difficulties arise particularly due to the lack of documentation of the old excavations and the past restoration work. It is not only modern excavated material that can be meaningful; the finds from the late 19th century are worth re-exami

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Omarbayev, Y. K., V. T. Tarakchi, K. К. Bazarbayev, and Zh Zh Kumganbayev. "Subjects of Austria-Hungary in Western Siberia and Turkestan in the early twentieth century (1900–1917)." Rusin, no. 64 (2021): 135–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/64/7.

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In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Russian Empire played an important role in the processes of European migration. Of particular importance was the migration policy with the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Czechs, Rusins, Poles, and Slovaks, who belonged to the Austro-Hungarian population, settled mainly in the European part of the Russian Empire and engaged mainly in agriculture, while the Austrians and Germans opened industrial enterprises in the cities of Western Siberia (Governor- Generalship of the Steppes, 1882–1918). In general, there were two reasons why the Austro-Hungarians

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GELLA, T. N. "AUSTRIAN EMPIRE AND THE HABSBURGS ON THE PAGES OF THE BRITISH PERIODIC PUBLICATIONS 1861." JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 10, no. 4 (2021): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2021-10-4-95-106.

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The purpose of the article is to review the Austrian Empire and the Habsburgs in the pages of the British periodicals of 1861. The Austrian Empire and the Habsburg dynasty ruling in it in the middle of the 19th century. have always been in the center of attention of the European public. Austria was the subject of discussion by British journalists who devoted their publications to the role and place of the Habsburgs in Austrian and European history, the economic and political situation of the country in the early 60s, the growth of anti-Austrian sentiments in its many national outskirts, as wel

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Varga, Attila. "Between Dynastic Loyalty and the Nationalism of the “People of the Masters”: Avram Iancu and the “Invisible War” of Decorations." Transylvanian Review 31, no. 3 (2024): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33993/tr.2024.1.04.

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This study presents a very important and sensitive part of the life and activity of the Romanian national hero Avram Iancu, after the end of the Revolution of 1848–1849. Given their achievements during the revolutionary battles, he and his comrades-in-arms should have been decorated and rewarded accordingly. Despite the testimonies and recommendations of important personalities of his time, Avram Iancu did not receive the recognition and the distinctions due from the Emperor Franz Joseph I. Moreover, he and his comrades-in-arms were humiliated, falling victim to the intrigues of the Transylvan

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Rotter, Doris, and Luise Schratt-Ehrendorfer. "Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris in the alluvial area of the Danube in Austria – A scientific editing of the manuscript by Siegfried Reissek." Neilreichia 11 (October 9, 2020): 79–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4016752.

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Around the mid-19th century and before the regulation of the Danube, the botanist Siegfried Reissek studied its alluvial flora in Vienna and adjacent Lower Austria. He left a hand-written and so far largely unpublished manuscript on this topic in the archives of the Museum of Natural History in Vienna. This manuscript is the only extensive source of botanical information from the period before the regulation of the Danube. In Reissek’s days, Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris was a common and widespread species in the alluvial forests of the Danube floodplain, and Reissek considered this s

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Meissner, Andrzej. "U źródeł historii wychowania na ziemiach polskich." Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, no. 44 (January 3, 2023): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2021.44.11.

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The article revolves around the history of upbringing in Poland as a science discipline. The first historical-pedagogical works appeared in the Renaissance and were continued in Age of Enlightenment. However, it was not until the-19th century when a discipline called ‘history of upbringing’ was created. Its development, by East European standards, took place in difficult social and political circumstances. Poland, at that time annexed by Russia, Prussia and Austria, did not enjoy conditions conducive to scientific development. The annexation was counterbalanced by actions instigated by cultura

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Rotter, Doris, Christa Riedl-Dorn, Karoline Zsak, and Luise Schratt-Ehrendorfer. "Die Typha-Arten der Donauauen Wiens und Niederösterreichs vor und nach der Donauregulierung: Eine Vorschau auf die wissenschaftliche Gesamtbearbeitung des Manuskripts von Siegfried Reissek (circa 1860)." Neilreichia 9 (March 12, 2018): 161–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1196279.

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The Typha species of the alluvial area in Vienna and Lower Austria before and after the Danube regulation: A preview on the scientific editing of the manuscript by Siegfried Reissek (c. 1860) Around the mid 19th century and before the regulation of the Danube river, the botanist Siegfried Reissek studied its alluvial flora in Vienna and adjacent Lower Austria. He left a hand-written manuscript in the archives of the Museum of Natural History in Vienna. This manuscript is the only extensive botanical information source from the period before the regulation of the Danube

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Vinogradny, B. A. "The ministry of foreign affairs of the Habsburg empire: history of establishment, recruitment and training principles." Гуманитарные и юридические исследования 12, no. 1 (2025): 62–71. https://doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2025.1.7.

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Introduction. The article deals with the basic principles of the formation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Habsburg Empire, including the process of training professional staff in special educational institutions, social, national composition of the diplomatic and consular service, and their structure. Materials and Methods. In the process of working on the topic the works of foreign and domestic authors and historical sources were utilized, including materials from the collections of the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, memoirs of O. Chernin, W. von Bulow and the stu

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Fominykh, Sergey, and Alexey Stepnov. "THE STATUS OF SLAVIC LANGUAGES AT THE UNIVERSITIES OF AUSTRIA-HUNGARY IN THE LATE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURIES (A CASE STUDY OF THE MAGAZINE “SLAVIC CENTURY”)." Rusin, no. 46(4) (December 1, 2016): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/46/9.

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Zakharova, Irina N., Yana V. Orobinskaya, Narine G. Sugian, and Viktoria V. Pupykina. "Baby boxes: the right to live or the approval of child abandonment? A review." Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum, no. 4 (December 15, 2024): 366–72. https://doi.org/10.26442/26586630.2024.4.203110.

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The concept of baby boxes, or "baby cradles," goes back to a time when infanticide and neonatal abuse were commonplace. At the same time, attempts were made to resolve the issue of high child mortality by creating shelters for abandoned children. With the development of medicine and social service in the 19th century, baby boxes became the subject of public discussion. In some countries, such as Germany, Austria, and Russia, the first official "nurseries," institutions offering temporary care for children, began to appear. In the 20th century, the concept of baby boxes received a new interpret

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