Dissertations / Theses: 'U-Pb'

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Sparrenberger, Irena. "A cassiterita da subprovíncia do Rio Paranã (GO): datações U-Pb e Pb-Pb e caracterização mineral." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44134/tde-29092015-103828/.

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Esta dissertação teve como objetivo a implantação do método de datação U-Pb em cassiterita no Centro de Pesquisas Geocronológicas da Universidade de São Paulo. Para tanto, utilizaram-se amostras da mineralização estanífera da Subprovincia do Rio Paranã, extremo nordeste do Estado de Goiás. A área compreende unidades de idade mínima transamazônica, representadas pelo Complexo Granito-Gnáissico e pela Formação Ticunzal, superpostas por metassedimentos predominantemente psamíticos do Grupo Araí, com idade aproximada de 1.770 Ma, e intrudidos por granitóides estaníferos paleo a mesoproterozóicos. Pegmatitos alojados nas duas primeiras unidades correspondem a outras manifestações da mineralização de estanho na subprovíncia. Datações pelo método K-Ar em muscovita situaram a idade da mineralização nos pegmatitos entre cerca de 2.000 Ma e 2.130 Ma. As análises por U-Pb na cassiterita confirmaram estes valores na maior parte dos casos. Quanto aos granitóides, uma idade U-Pb em cassiterita de 1.535\'+OU-\'57 Ma foi obtida. A metodologia U-Pb em cassiterita mostrou-se útil, desde que tomadas precauções como a análise de várias amostras distintas e a caracterização mineral prévia da fase, a fim de selecionar amostras isentas de inclusões de minerais portadores de Pb. Datações pelo método Pb-Pb resultaram incorretas na maior parte das vezes em função de excesso de Pb comum derivado de inclusões, especialmente de feldspato. A composição isotópica de Pb mais radiogênica foi verificada em cassiterita de rocha granitóide, analogamente ao reportado em Gulson & Jones (1992), sugerindo que o método pode ter melhor resposta se aplicado em mineralizações neste tipo de rocha. Caracterizou-se a ocorrência de pelo menos duas fácies distintas mineralizadas nos pegmatitos, com base na natureza de suas inclusões. The purpose of this work was to set up the cassiterite U-Pb method of dating at Centro de Pesquisas Geocronologicas of Universidade de São Paulo. Samples of tin mineralization from the subprovíncia do Rio Paranã, Goiás State, were used to perform the experience. The area includes units of transamazonian minimum ages, represented by complexo Granito-Gnáissico and formação Ticunzal , overlayed by metamorphosed sandstones mainly, with ages close to 1.770 Ma, and intruded by paleo to mesoproterozoic tin granites. Pegmatites that cut the first and second units correspond to another manifestation of tin mineralization in the area. Muscovite K-Ar ages situated the pegmatites mineralization between 2,000 Ma and 2,130 Ma. The cassiterite U-Pb analyses confirmed these values in most cases. In relation to the granitoids, one single U-Pb age in cassiterite of 1,535 \'+ ou -\' 57 Ma was obtained. The cassiterite U-Pb methodology proved useful since caution is taken, as dating of many distinct samples and mineralogical characterization of the phase prior to dating in order to select samples without inclusions of pb-bearing minerals. The most radiogenic isotopic composition of Pb was verified in cassiterite from a granitoid rock, in analogy to what was reported by Gulson & Jones (1992). This suggests that the method can give better results if applied to mineralization in such rocks. The occurrence of at least two mineralized distinct facies was characterized in the pegmatites, based on its inclusions peculiarities.

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Freitas, Vivian Azor de. "A geração de magmas ácidos na Província Magmática Paraná, região de Piraju-Ourinhos (SP): uma contribuição da geoquímica isotópica e de elementos traço em rochas e minerais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44143/tde-08062009-153408/.

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Os dacitos da região de Piraju-Ourinhos (SP), que se estendem por cerca de 60 km acompanhando o curso do rio Paranapanema, são as exposições mais setentrionais do magmatismo ácido da Província Magmática Paraná. Estratigraficamente, jazem sobre os arenitos eólicos da Formação Botucatu e são sobrepostos por derrames de basaltos de alto Ti tipo Pitanga. Diques e soleiras de basaltos presentes na região têm afinidades químicas variadas, podendo ser comparados aos tipos Paranapanema, Urubici e Pitanga. Os traquidacitos, classificação química dessas rochas, apresentam textura porfirítica com 5 a 15% de fenocristais de plagioclásio, clinopiroxênio, minerais opacos e apatita. A matriz afanítica a fanerítica fina é composta por vidro, plagioclásio, clinopiroxênio, quartzo e feldspato alcalino. Vidro pode constituir de 10 a 90% da matriz e em muitos casos está devitrificado, mostrando texturas reliquiares de quenching. Vesículas e amígdalas são abundantes em certas variedades de traquidacitos, podendo chegar a 40% da rocha. Foi obtida neste trabalho a idade U-Pb do magmatismo ácido por TIMS em concentrados de badeleíta e zircão. O valor, 134,4 ± 0,9 (2\'sigma\'), é mais exato e preciso que as idades obtidas previamente nos traquidacitos da região, 133 -134 ± 6 Ma (K-Ar, 1\'sigma\') e 128,7 ± 1 Ma (\'ANTPOT.40 Ar\'/\'ANTPOT.39 Ar\', 1\'sigma\'), e encontra-se no curto intervalo de tempo atualmente admitido para o clímax do vulcanismo na Província. As razões iniciais \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.86 Sr\' dos traquidacitos (0,7078 a 0,7080) são pouco mais radiogênicas que as dos basaltos (0,7056 a 0,7068), enquanto os valores de \'épsilon\'\'Nd IND.134\' são mais negativos (~ -5 versus -4). Tais diferenças sugerem que, embora os basaltos devam ter vínculo genético com o magmatismo ácido da região, deve existir alguma contribuição crustal na gênese das rochas vulcânicas ácidas. As razões iniciais \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.86 Sr\' obtidas por LA-ICPMS mostram valores idênticos na matriz e em fenocristais de plagioclásio e apatita (~0,7077), consistentes com cristalização em equilíbrio. Com exceção de um cristal de plagioclásio que é fortemente mais radiogênico (~0,7083) e outro menos radiogênico (~0,7074), podendo corresponder a duas diferentes suítes de antecristais. A maioria dos fenocristais de clinopiroxênio tem razões iniciais \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.86 Sr\' diferentes da matriz [em geral menores, entre 0,7045 e 0,7071; somente um cristal é mais radiogênico, 0,7084]. Junto com dois fenocristais de plagioclásio (com \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.86 Sr\' inicial de 0.7083 e 0.7074), eles não se formaram em equilíbrio com a matriz, e são prováveis antecristais. Modelamentos geoquímicos utilizando elementos maiores e elementos traço compatíveis e incompatíveis mostram que é possível obter o magma ácido após a cristalização fracionada de 60 a 80% de basalto tipo Pitanga. O principal obstáculo para esse modelo seria o hiato composicional de sílica entre os magmas ácidos e básicos; no entanto, esse hiato pode resultar de limitações físicas impostas à separação cristal-líquido em composições intermediárias e à extração por filter pressing de líquidos residuais mais evoluídos. As pequenas diferenças nas razões isotópicas de Sr e Nd entre as rochas ácidas e básicas podem ser explicadas por um modelo de AFC com 60% de cristalização de um magma basáltico e assimilação de 10-30% de líquido granítico derivado do embasamento pré-Cambriano. Por outro lado, o modelo de refusão de underplates basálticos prevê a geração de magmas ácidos com teores de elementos compatíveis (Ni, Cr e V) mais elevados, e portanto demandariam fracionamento para alcançar as composições observadas nos traquidacitos. Dacitic rocks from Piraju-Ourinhos, State of São Paulo, outcrop for ca. 60 km along the Paranapanema River valley, and constitute the northernmost expositions of the Parana Magmatic Province acid magmatism. They rest directly over the Botucatu Formation eolic sandstones and are recovered by Pitanga-type high Ti basalt flows. Basalt dykes and sills that occur in the region show different chemical relationship and can be compared to the Paranapanema, Urubici and Pitanga basalt types. Chemically classified as trachydacites, these rocks are porphyritic with 5 to 15% plagioclase, clinopyroxene, opaque minerals and apatite phenocrysts. Aphanitic to phaneritic groundmass is composed of glass, plagioclase, clinopyroxene, quartz and alkali feldspar. Glass can make up 10 to 90% of the original groundmass and is usually devitrified, being recognized by relict quenching textures. Vesicles and amygdalas are abundants in such trachydacites varieties and can achieve to 40% of rock. In this work, the age of the acid magmatism was obtained by U-Pb TIMS in baddeleyite and zircon concentrates. The value [134.4 0,9 (2\'sigma\')], is more accurate and precise compared with ages previously obtained in the trachydacites from region [133 -134 ± 6 Ma (K-Ar); 128.7 ± 1 Ma (\'ANTPOT.40 Ar\'/\'39 ANTPOT.Ar\')], and within the short age interval currently admitted for the Paraná volcanism climax. Initial \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\' ANTPOT.86 Sr\' ratios of the trachydacites (0.7078 to 0.7080) are slightly more radiogenic than those of associated basalts (0.7056 to 0.7068), whereas \'épsilon\'\'Nd IND.134\' are more negative (~ -5 versus -4). These differences suggest that, although the basalts must have a genetic link with the acid magmatism of region, some crustal contribution may exist in the acid magmas. Initial \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.86 Sr\' obtained by LA-ICPMS show identical values for the groundmass and plagioclase and apatite phenocrysts (~0.7077), consistent with equilibrium crystallization. Most of the clinopyroxene phenocrysts have initial \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.86 Sr\' different from the groundmass (usually smaller; 0.7045-0.7071; only one crystal is more radiogenic, 0.7084). Together with two the plagioclase phenocrysts (with initial \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/\'ANTPOT.86 Sr\'= 0.7083 and 0.7074), they did not crystallize in equilibrium to the groundmass, and are likely antecrysts. Geochemical modelling using major elements and both compatible and incompatible trace-elements show that it is possible to obtain the acid magmas after 60 to 80% fractional crystalization of a Pitanga-type basalt. The main obstacle for such model would be the wide compositional silic gap between acid and basic magmas.; however, this gap could result from physical limitations to crystal-liquid separation at intermediate compositions and to the extraction by filter pressing of more evolved residual liquids. The small differences in Sr-Nd isotopic signature between acid and basic rocks can be explained by an AFC model, with 60% of basaltic magma crystalization plus ~10-30% assimilation of a granitic liquid derived from the pre- Cambrian basament. On the other hand, a model of remelting of basalt underplates generates acid magmas with higher contents of compatible elements contents (Ni, Cr, V) and therefore would demand some fractionation to achieve the observed trachydacite compositions.

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Godeau, Nicolas. "Développement et application de la méthode Uranium-Plomb à la datation des carbonates diagénétiques dans les réservoirs pétroliers, et apport à la reconstruction temporelle de l'évolution des propriétés réservoir." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0149.

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L'apport de contraintes chronologiques absolues sur les différents évènements et processus qui ont modelé la Terre constitue un des défis majeurs dans de nombreux domaines des sciences de la terre et de l'environnement. C'est en particulier le cas pour les bassins sédimentaires qui jouent un rôle économique majeur en étant sources d'importantes ressources naturelles, en particulier en hydrocarbures. L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer la datation absolue des minéraux secondaires carbonatés par la méthode U-Pb. Ces minéraux, quasi ubiquistes dans les réservoirs, témoignent des processus diagénétiques, tectoniques et des circulations fluides qui ont affecté ces systèmes. Au cours de cette thèse, plusieurs développements méthodologiques ont été mis en œuvre avec pour objectifs de repousser les limites de la méthode U-Pb. Des techniques d’analyses innovantes, comme le couplage ablation laser/SF-ICP-MS ou la sonde ionique, ont été testées et ont permis d’accroître de plusieurs ordres de grandeur la résolution spatiale des analyses U-Pb. Ces méthodes, couplées à la méthode plus classique de dilution isotopique ont été appliquées avec succès dans différents contextes d’exploration pétrolière permettant notamment d’apporter des contraintes temporelles sur des éléments clés du système pétrolier, comme le timing de la création/préservation du réservoir ou encore de la migration des hydrocarbures. Les différents résultats obtenus ont permis de dresser une synthèse des contextes les plus favorables à l’application de la méthode U-Pb, et de donner ainsi une vision d’ensemble du potentiel de la datation U-Pb sur carbonates secondaires appliquée aux réservoirs pétroliers Absolute chronological constraints on the different events and processes that have shaped the Earth constitute a major challenge in numerous realms in Earth and Environmental sciences. In particular this is the case for sedimentary basins that play a major economic role as being source of important hydrocarbon resources. The objective of this thesis is to develop absolute uranium-lead dating methodology on secondary carbonate minerals. This ubiquitous mineral phase in petroleum reservoirs testifies their complex geodynamic and diagenetic histories. In this study, several developments were implemented in order to circumvent the limits of U-Pb methodology. Innovative analysis techniques such as laser ablation coupled with SF-ICP-MS or ion probe were tested to increase the spatial resolution of the U-Pb analysis by several orders of magnitude. These methodologies coupled to the more traditional isotope dilution was successfully applied in different oil exploration context allowing to bring absolute constraints on key diagenetic events such as creation/preservation of reservoir properties or hydrocarbon migration. The results obtained during this study allowed to draw a synthetic model of the most favorable contexts for U-Pb method and gives an overview of the U-Pb dating potential to secondary carbonates applied to petroleum reservoirs

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Santos, Zalduegui Jose Francisco. "Evolution du complexe mafique-ultramafique du cabo ortegal (espagne) : etude isotopique des systemes u-pb, rb-sr et pb-pb." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077329.

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Le complexe catazonal de cabo ortegal fait partie de la chaine varisque en europe occidentale. Des hypotheses diverses sur l'origine et evolution de ce complexe et complexes associes dans le no du massif iberique (ordenes, braganca et morais) ont ete proposees. Cependant, il restait encore de nombreux problemes a resoudre. Une etude gechronologique et geochimique a ete effectuee sur plusieurs echantillons provenant de ces complexes. Dans le cas du complexe de cabo ortegal, l'etude d'un meta-plagiogranite confirme l'existence d'un episode magmatique a ca. 470 ma (u-pb sur zircon) dans l'unite ophiolitique. L'existence d'un composant herite dans les zircons et la composition isotopique du sr initial suggerent une participation de materiaux crustaux dans la formation d'une croute oceanique. Cet episode magmatique est comparable a celui deja reconnu dans les granulites et eclogites du meme complexe. La datation u-pb et rb-sr sur quatre echantillons appartenant a l'unite granulitique/eclogitique indique l'existence d'un processus metamorphique majeur a ca. 390-400 ma. Il serait accompagne d'une fusion partielle du manteau et la croute. Cet age a ete interprete en relation avec un evenement de subduction suivi d'une obduction rapide des complexes. Dans le meme complexe, on a effectue une etude u-pb-pb et rb-sr des pyroxenites et peridotites exposees aux massifs d'herbeira et uzal. Les resultats indiquent que ces roches derivent d'une source avec de rapports u/pb et rb/sr plus elevees que ceux des sources morb a present. Finalement, dans l'unite de malpica tuy, situee structurellement au dessous du complexe du cabo ortegal, on a etabli l'age du magmatisme calc-alcalin a 480 ma (u-pb sur zircon) avec la participation d'un ancien composant de croute continentale (> 1800 ma). La datation rb-sr des roches metamorphiques en facies eclogite de cette unite indique un age de ca. 360 ma pour le refroidissement subsequent au metamorphisme de haute pression

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Gengo, Rafaela Machado. "Petrologia de ortognaisses e granitóides do Domínio Socorro, Nappe Socorro-Guaxupé, Seção Extrema-Camanducaia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44143/tde-03122014-095629/.

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A Nappe Socorro - Guaxupé representa um antigo arco magmático formado durante a fase colisional do Orógeno Brasília Meridional, um dos importantes eventos orogênicos do Neoproterozóico responsáveis pela aglutinação da porção ocidental do paleocontinente Gondwana. Na porção sudeste do Domínio Socorro, muitas das zonas de cisalhamento de direção NE-SW condicionaram a colocação de inúmeros corpos e batólitos de granitóides cálcio - alcalinos potássicos gerados a partir da fusão crustal sin - orogênica da nappe, durante o pico metamórfico em um ambiente de altas temperaturas a baixas profundidades. Na região são encontrados ortognaisses e migmatitos não correlacionáveis aos migmatitos estromáticos pelíticos a semi-pelíticos dominantes da Unidade Metatexítica da Nappe. Até o momento essas rochas eram consideradas parte do Complexo Amparo, como embasamento do Complexo Granitóide Socorro. Este trabalho apresenta dados geoquímicos, isotópicos e geocronológicos inéditos para rochas da região entre Extrema e Camanducaia, sul de Minas Gerais, e que permitiram caracterizar o magmatismo que deu origem a esses ortognaisses e sua evolução crustal, bem como determinar sua idade dentro do contexto Neoproterozóico da Nappe Socorro - Guaxupé. Idades U-Pb obtidas em cristais de zircão do paleossoma diorítico nos ortognaisses metatexíticos forneceram idade de 662,1 ± 5,1 Ma. Idades pontuais mais antigas entre 770 e 834 Ma foram encontradas apenas em núcleos herdados. Em ortognaisses dioríticos a granodioríticos, onde não foram iniciados processos de fusão parcial, idades U-Pb em zircões de um ortognaisse de composição diorítica forneceram idades entre 660 e 630 Ma, implicando em um magmatismo Neoproterozóico atuante ao longo do período pré a sin-colisional da Nappe Socorro Guaxupé, em um ambiente de arco magmático estacionário por pelo menos 30 Ma, situação análoga a que ocorre atualmente no arco magmático do Japão. O magmatismo que deu origem aos ortognaisses dioríticos a granodioríticos possui afinidades com a série cálcio-alcalina de alto K e características geoquímicas e isotópicas semelhantes à granitos do tipo I. Razões \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/ \'ANTPOT.86 \'Sr IND.i\' e valores de \'épsilon\'Nd negativos evidenciam fontes crustais empobrecidas em elementos incompatíveis. Na fase tardi a pós-colisional da Nappe, no período de 609 a 598 Ma, pulsos finais do magmatismo diorítico deram lugar ao magmatismo que resultou na colocação de diversos corpos de rochas monzodioríticas e monzoníticas, em parte com feições de interação e mistura de magmas e que possuem assinatura geoquímica do tipo A, semelhante às rochas do Plúton Piracaia, pós - colisional. The Socorro - Guaxupé Nappe represents an ancient magmactic arc formed during the collisional phase of the Southern Brasília Orogen), one of the important Neoproterozoic orogenic events, responsible for the agglutination of the western portion of Gondwana paleo continent. In the southeastern portion of the Socorro Domain, many NE-SW shear zones controlled the intrusion of many bodies and batholiths of potássic calc-alkaline granitoids, generated by sin-orogenic crustal melting of the nappe in a shallow-depth, high-temperature environment, during the metamorphic peak. The orthogneisses and migmatites that crop out in the area are not related to the stromatic pelitic to semi-pelitic migmatites that are predominant in the nappe\'s Metatexitic Unit. So far, these rocks were considerated to be part of the Amparo Complex, which is the basement of the Socorro Granitoid Complex. This work present new geochemical, isotopic and geochronological data for rocks from the region between Extrema and Camanducaia, southern Minas Gerais, which allow the characterization of the magmatism that originated those orthogneisses and its crustal evolution, and also the determination of its age in the Neoproterozoic context of the Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe. U-Pb zircon ages obtained from dioritic paleossome of the metatexitic orthogneisses provided ages of 662,1 ± 5,1 My. Sporadic older ages from 770 to 834 My were found only in inherited cores. On dioritic to granodioritic orthogneiss where partial melting processes were not started, zircon crystals from an orthogneiss of dioritic composition provided 660 to 630 My U-Pb ages, implying an active Neoproterozoic magmatism during the pre- to sin-collisional period of the Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe, in a static magmatic arc environment for ate least 30 My, which is a condition similar to the present-day Japan\'s magmatic arc occurrence. The magmatism which originated the dioritic to granodioritic orthogneisses has affinities with the high-K calc-alkaline series and geochemical and isotopic characteristics similar to I-Type granites. \'ANTPOT.87 Sr\'/ \'ANTPOT.86 \'Sr IND.i\' rates and negative \'épsilon\'Nd values point to a crustal source depleted in incompatible elements. At the tardi- to post- collisional phase of the nappe, during the period from 609 to 598 My, the last pulses of dioritic magmatism gave place to a monzodioritic and monzonitic magmatism which resulted in the intrusion of many rock bodies with an A-Type geochemical signature similar to the post-collisional Piracaia Pluton, part of which exhibit magma interaction and magma mixing features.

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Triantafyllou, Antoine. "Évolution géodynamique d’un arc insulaire néoprotérozoïque de l’Anti -Atlas marocain : caractérisation des processus de croissance intra-océanique et d’accrétion." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4031/document.

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Les reliques néoprotérozoïques d’un système d’arc intra-océanique affleurent dans l’Anti-Atlas au Sud du Maroc, dans les fenêtres du Sirwa et de Bou Azzer. Les deux zones présentent des ensembles fortement tectonisés représentés au Nord par une séquence ophiolitique d’arrière-arc charriée sur des complexes d’arc accrétés au Sud. Ces complexes d’arc (complexes de Tachakoucht, Tazigzaout et Bougmane) sont composés de gneiss granodioritiques et d’amphibolites dont les protolithes, datés entre 750 et 730 Ma, montrent des signatures typiques d’arcs océaniques. Ces derniers ont été enfouis, déformés et métamorphisés sous des conditions de MP-MT (700°C – 8 kbar) à Tachakoucht et de HP-MT à Bougmane (750°C – 10 kbar) avant que des magmas basiques hydratés (hornblendites, gabbros à hornblende) d’affinités d’arcs océaniques ne les intrudent successivement à ~700 et ~650 Ma. Ces épisodes magmatiques ont bouleversé le régime thermique de l’arc entrainant la granulitisation et la fusion partielle des roches encaissantes à plusieurs niveaux crustaux de l’arc et générant des magmas granodioritiques à granitiques recoupant la section crustale du paléo-arc et de l’ophiolite sus-jacente. Cette étude de terrain, pétrologique, géochimique et géochronologique a mis en évidence trois épisodes de magmatisme océanique d’arc sur une période de plus de 120 Ma (de 760 à 640 Ma). La croissance de ce paleo-arc fut contrôlée par les phases successives d’alimentation magmatique mais aussi par des processus tectoniques d’épaississement en domaine intra-océanique et ce, avant l’obduction de l’arc sur le Craton Ouest africain autour de 630-600 Ma Relics of an intra-oceanic arc system are exposed in the Anti-Atlas in southern Morocco, in the Sirwa and Bou Azzer windows. Both of these areas form a highly tectonized patchwork made of a back-arc ophiolitic sequence to the north thrusted onto accreted arc complexes to the south. These arc complexes (Tachakoucht, Tazigzaout and Bougmane complexes) are made of granodioritic gneisses and amphibolites with typical oceanic arc signature and for which igneous ages range from 750 to 730 Ma. These magmas were buried, deformed and metamorphosed under MP-MT conditions in Tachakoucht (700°C - 8kbar) and HP-MT in Bougmane (750°C - 10 kbar) prior to several magmatic events dated at 700 and 650 Ma and the intrusion of hydrous basic magmas (hornblende gabbros, hornblendites) with oceanic arc signatures. This episodic magmatism strongly perturbed the thermal regime of the arc leading to the granulitization of the host rocks at different levels of the arc crust and to the genesis of intermediate to felsic magmas (granodioritic to granitic). These ones have been segregated through the crustal section intruding both stacked paleo-arc and ophiolitic remnants. This field, petrological, geochemical and geochronological study established that oceanic arc magmatism in the Anti-Atlas occurred in three flare-ups on a 120 Ma long time span (760 to 640 Ma). The growth of the arc was controlled and driven both by successive magmatic inputs and intra-oceanic tectonic thickening processes while final collision of the intraoceanic system with the West African Carton occurred later, around 630-600 Ma

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SANTOS, Lucilene dos. "Caracterização petrológica e geoquímica dos granitoides intrudidos ao longo da zona de cisalhamento Coxixola, Província Borborema, NE Brasil: plutons Serra Branca e Coxixola." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2013. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/10434.

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Submitted by Israel Vieira Neto (israel.vieiraneto@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-04T17:34:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Lucilene dos Santos.pdf: 10057943 bytes, checksum: 487d4e94f2325e876643a0f22bf56873 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T17:34:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Lucilene dos Santos.pdf: 10057943 bytes, checksum: 487d4e94f2325e876643a0f22bf56873 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-26 CNPq Os granitoides estudados (plutons Serra Branca - GPSB e Coxixola - GPC) intrudem ortognaisses e migmatitos paleoproterozóicos a arqueanos, e rochas supracrustais Neoproterozóicas. Os GPSB, sienogranitos leucocráticos, equigranulares, contendo localmente enclaves de granitos porfiríticos (GPC) e dioritos, compreendem intrusão alojada em terminações extensionais de zonas de cisalhamento NE-SW transcorrentes sinistrais, ramificações da zona de cisalhamento Coxixola (ZCC), destral com direção E-W. Os GPC compreendem quartzo sienitos, quartzo monzonitos e sieno a monzogranitos, porfiríticos, deformados no estado sólido, com anfibólio de composição ferro - edenita, edenita e Mg - hornblenda. Enxames de enclaves máficos, quartzo dioritos a quartzo monzonitos, ocorrem orientados na direção E - W. A fO2 varia de intermediária (GPSB) a elevada (GPC). Estimativas de temperaturas liquidus utilizando saturação em zircão, variam entre 836 °C - 893 °C (GPC) e 783 °C - 843 °C (GPSB). Os granitoides estudados mostram valores fortemente negativos de εNd(t) e idades modelo (TDM) paleoproterozóicas. U-Pb em zircão por SHRIMP definiu uma idade de 560 ± 5 Ma para os GPSB, e por LA-ICP-MS definem idades de 573 ± 3 Ma para um dique de leucogranito que corta os GPC e de 580 ± 7 Ma para os GPC. Os GPSB são ricos em SiO2 (> 70%), levemente peraluminosos, com padrões ETR fracionados, mostrando profundas anomalias negativa de Eu, e padrões Spidergram com depressões em Nb, Ta, Sr, P e Ti. São classificados como granitoides trans-alcalinos ferrosos, tipo-A pós-orogênico. Os GPC mostram teores intermediários de SiO2 de 55-67 %, são metaluminosos, magnesianos, tipo-I mostrando padrões de ETR fracionados e caracterizados pela ausência ou anomalias fracamente positivas de Eu, e padrões Spidergram com depressões em Th, Nb, Ta, Ti. Assinaturas isotópicas e geoquímicas sugerem que os granitoides estudados foram originados pela mistura de magmas gerados pela fusão de crosta paleoproterozóica ou arqueana e pequena fração de material Neoproterozóico em diferentes épocas da história evolutiva da ZCC.

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Pineda, Ramírez Camila Andrea. "Geocronología U/Pb en circones de la ignimbrita Pudahuel." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137862.

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Geóloga La Ignimbrita Pudahuel corresponde a un depósito asociado al Complejo Volcánico Maipo perteneciente la Zona Volcánica Sur de la Cordillera de los Andes, en la zona central de Chile. Su génesis es asociada a la formación de la Caldera Diamante y se infiere que se trató de una gran erupción, cuyo volumen se estima en aproximadamente 450 km3. La edad de esta ignimbrita es un tema controversial debido a las diferencias encontradas en los trabajos geocronológicos realizados en ella que, mediante diferentes métodos de datación, entregan edades de 0,45 Ma, 2,3 Ma y 0,15 Ma aproximadamente. Se observan afloramientos tanto en Chile como en Argentina, sin embargo, el presente trabajo considera solo localidades en la zona chilena. Se realizaron mediciones químicas en fenocristales de plagioclasa encontrados en el depósito, a partir de las cuales se infiere que el magma en que se originaron estos cristales posee un carácter diferenciado y aparentemente no sufrió grandes variaciones composicionales en la cámara magmática. El grueso de este trabajo consistió en el estudio morfológico y geocronológico de aproximadamente 900 circones separados de la Ignimbrita Pudahuel. El estudio morfológico y textural de estos cristales se realizó mediante imágenes de cátodo- luminiscencia obtenidas con el equipo SEM, mientras que la determinación de isótopos de U/Pb para geocronología se realizó con el equipo LA-ICPMS-MC del Departamento de Geología de la Universidad de Chile. Los datos obtenidos indican una fuerte presencia de tres poblaciones de edades para estos cristales. La localización de las muestras que presentan estas poblaciones indica que aparentemente no existe un nexo entre ellas ya que su presencia no está restringida a alguna de las facies definidas para la Iginimbrita, a algún cauce particular por donde se pudo haber desplazado o a una cierta distancia de la fuente. Por lo anterior se piensa que la ausencia de estas poblaciones en algunas localidades puede deberse a errores estadísticos. Las dos poblaciones más antiguas que pueden ser identificadas (una de: 10,17 +0,08 -0,22; y otra de: 5,22 +0,06 -0,03) son asociadas a eventos diferentes del que originó a la Ignimbrita Pudahuel, probablemente de carácter local en la zona donde posteriormente se formó la Caldera Diamante. La otra población identificada posee edades menores a 1 Ma. La edad más probable para esta población es de 0,13 +0,03 -0,02 Ma, sin embargo, los datos que representan esta edad pertenecen principalmente a una sola muestra. Si no se considera esta muestra la edad más probable es de 0,39 +0,03 -0,06 Ma. Ambas edades son coherentes con trabajos de dataciones realizados anteriormente en la Ignimbrita, pero de todas formas corresponderían a una edad más joven que la considerada actualmente. Según lo anterior se propone que la edad de 0,13 Ma corresponde a la del evento eruptivo que originó a la Ignimbrita Pudahuel, mientras que la de 0,39 Ma correspondería a cristales que se encontraban en la cámara magmática previos a la erupción y que por lo tanto el tiempo de residencia del magma silíceo al que pertenecían sería de aproximadamente 300 ka. Si bien el método analítico utilizado no es el más adecuado para este tipo de muestras, las edades obtenidas se pueden corregir. Debido a la controversia existente en torno a la edad de la Ignimbrita Pudahuel es de vital importancia realizar dichas correcciones para validar estos datos e integrarlos al debate.

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Neace, Erika R. "Zircon LA-ICPMS Geochronology of the Cornubian Batholith, SW England." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1448912006.

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Maurin, Jean-Christophe. "Analyse de zônes décrochantes dans le Fossé de la Benoue (Nigéria) et systématiques U-Pb et Pb-Pb appliquées aux minéralisations uranifères et Pb-Zn associées." Grenoble : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594951d.

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ASTRUC, JULIEN. "Production de mesons , et dans les collisions d-c, d-u, s-u a 200 gev/nucleon et pb-pb a 158 gev/nucleon." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066207.

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Les experiences na38 et na50, etudient aupres du sps du cern la production de dimuons dans des collisions d'ions lourds ultrarelativistes, donnant acces a celle des mesons vecteurs , , et j/. L'evolution de ces productions par rapport a celles observees dans les collisions impliquant des projectiles legers permettrait de mettre en evidence les effets de la formation du plasma de quarks et de gluons qui pourrait etre produit sous l'effet des hautes temperatures atteintes dans ces collisions. Une forte augmentation de la production d'etrangete a ete predite comme pouvant etre une signature de cette nouvelle phase de la matiere hadronique. Dans cette these nous avons etudie la production des mesons etranges , et des mesons et dans les collisions d-c, d-u et s-u a 200 gev/nucleon et pb-pb a 158 gev/nucleon, dans differentes regions de masse transverse de la paire de muons. Les comparaisons des productions de , avec celles de et ainsi qu'avec le continumm de masse montrent une augmentation de la production du par rapport au + , en fonction de la taille du systeme et pour les collisions s-u et pb-pb, de la centralite de la collision. L'etude des sections efficaces de production pour les differents systemes met en evidence un changement de comportement entre les collisions deuton-noyau et noyau-noyau. En dehors d'une evolution generale de la production, pour le + et le continuum, le montre une augmentation nettement plus elevee et qui est coherente entre les collisions s-u et pb-pb. De plus les pentes inverses des spectres en masses transverses montrent une importante augmentation entre d-c et s-u. L'ensemble de ces resultats confirme donc l'importante augmentation de la production du qui avait ete observee pour le systeme s-u et qui se poursuit dans les collisions pb-pb. Mots-cles : plasma de quarks et de gluons - dimuons - na38 et na50 - ions lourds ultrarelativistes - resonances , , - masse transverse - pente inverse.

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Canile, Fernanda Maciel. "Geologia isotópica em zircões detríticos (U-Pb, Hf e O) e em rocha total (Sm-Nd e Pb-Pb) das rochas da Bacia do Paraná em Santa Catarina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44141/tde-24022016-140417/.

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Dados isotópicos U-Pb, Hf e de O foram obtidos em zircões detríticos das unidades do final do Paleozoico e início do Mesozoico da Bacia do Paraná, sudeste do Brasil, com o objetivo de determinar a proveniência dos sedimentos, assim como contribuir para o entendimento da evolução tectônica da bacia. Assinaturas isotópicas Sm-Nd e Pb-Pb em amostras de rocha-total também foram obtidas com o intuito de auxiliar na interpretação sobre as áreas fontes. A seção estudada, Coluna White em Santa Catarina, inclui rochas de 11 unidades estratigráficas (da base para o topo): Formação Rio do Sul, Formação Rio Bonito, incluindo os membros Triunfo, Paraguaçu e Siderópolis, Formação Palermo, Formação Irati, Formação Serra Alta, Formação Teresina, Formação Rio do Rasto, subdividida nos membros Serrinha e Morro Pelado, e Formação Botucatu, Idades U-Pb foram obtidas em 1941 grãos de zircão detrítico e variam de 242 Ma a 3,4 Ga. Todas as unidades sedimentares apresentam quatro grupos principais de zircões detríticos, Neoarqueano (2,7-2.5 Ga), Paleoproterozoico Médio (2,0-1,8 Ga), Grenviliano (1,1-0,9 Ga) e Brasiliano (850-490 Ma), refletindo a importância do embasamento Pr-e-Cambriano que bordeja a parte leste da bacia como áreas fontes, tais como as Faixas Dom Feliciano, Kaoko e Namaqua-Natal, incluindo o embasamento local datado em 584 Ma. O Membro Siderópolis apresenta uma importante mudança nas fontes dos sedimentos que preencheram a Bacia do Paraná, pois é a partir dessa unidade que o pico de idade permiana (266 a 290 Ma) é observado. Esse pico persiste até o topo da seção, a Formação Botucatu. As assinaturas isotópicas de O e Hf dos zircões detríticos mostram que parte dos grãos do Paleoproterozoico Médio é provavelmente de rochas do embasamento atualmente recoberto, que estava exposto até a deposição da Formação Rio Bonito. Os isotópos de Hf e O também mostram que parte dos zircões com idade grenviliana é proveniente de rochas argentinas, o que implica em longas distâncias de transporte. As assinaturas isotópicas de parte dos grãos permianos os ligam a fontes da Argentina e Chile, sendo que parte desses grãos possui forma mais arredondada, o que sugere que eles alcançaram a bacia pelo transporte em ambientes subaquáticos e não somente pelo ar (quedas de cinzas vulcânicas) como é comumente apontado. Outros picos de idade mais jovens (Ordoviciano ao Carbonífero), observados a partir da Formação Palermo e nas unidades superiores, também são provenientes de fontes argentinas e chilenas, mostrando a importância dos detritos de fontes distantes durante o preenchimento da bacia. Os dados Sm-Nd e Pb-Pb em rocha total mostram que os sedimentos da Bacia do Paraná apresentam predominância de fontes de origem crustal. As assinaturas são semelhantes aos granitoides de Santa Catarina, rochas da Faixa Ribeira, do Escufo Brasileiro, das Faixas Namaqua-Natal e Kaoko, Terreno Arequipa-Antofalla (embasamento dos Andes) e granitoides do Norte da Patagônia. Esses dados corroboram os padrões de zircões detríticos observados, que apontam para áreas fontes tanto proximais quanto distais. Além disso, as idades modelo Sm-Nd (\'T IND. DM\') obtidas são mais antigas que 1,4 Ga e mais negativas (-10 a -15) nas unidades inferiores (Formação Rio do Sul até o Membro Paraguaçu), enquanto que as unidades superiores apresentam valores de \'\'épsilon\' IND.Nd(0) entre -6 a -12 e idades modelo \'T IND.DM\' mais jovens que 1,5 Ga, sugerindo a participação de uma fonte mais jovem a partir da deposição do Membro Siderópolis, conforme foi observado pelos dados de zircão detrítico (pico de idade permiana) U-Pb, Hf and O isotope data were obtained from detrital zircons from late Paleozoic-early Mesozoic units from Paraná Basin, southeastern Brazil, in order to constain the provenance of the sediments, as well as to contribute to the understanding of the tectonic evolution of the basin. Whole rock Sm-Nd and Pb-Pb isotopic signatures were also taken in order to help the interpretation. The studied section, White Column in Santa Catarina state, includes rocks from 11 stratigraphic units (from base to top): Rio do Sul Formation, Rio Bonito Formation (Triunfo, Paraguaçu and Siderópolis members), Palermo Formation, Irati Formation, Serra Alta Formation, Teresina Formation, and Rio do Rasto Formation (Serrinha and Morro Pelado members) and Botucatu Formation. U-Pb ages were obtained on 1941 detrital zircons and range from 242 Ma to 3400 Ma. All sedimentary units show four main detrital age groups, Neoarchean (2700-2500 Ma), mid-Paleoproterozoic (2000-1800 Ma), Grenvillian (1100-900 Ma) and Brasiliano (850-490 Ma), reflecting the importance of the Precambrian basement bordering the east side of the basin, such as Dom Feliciano, Kaoko and Namaque-Natal Belts as source areas, including the local basement that was dated at 584 Ma. The Siderópolis Member shows an important change in the source of sediments with a Permian age-peak (266 to 290 Ma). This age-peak persists towards the top of the section until the Botucatu Formation. O and Hf isotopic signatures from the detrital zircons show that a portion of the mid-Paleoproterozoic grains is probably from rocks of the presently covered basement, which was exposed until the deposition of the Rio Bonito Formation. O and Hf isotopes also show that some Grenvillian aged zircons are from Argentinian rocks, which implies a long transport distance. Isotopic signatures of part of the Permian grains also link them to sources from Argentina and Chile, and part of these grains has more rounded shapes, suggesting that they reached the basin after long distance traveling on subaquatic environment and nor only through the air (ash falls) as it is commonly accepted. Other younger age peaks (Ordovician to Carboniferous) found from Palermo Formation upsection are also linked to Argentinian and Chilean sources, showing the importance of distant sources during the filling of the basin. The Sm-Nd and Pb-Pb data on whole rocks show that the sediments from the Paraná Basin present predominance of sources with crustal origin. Osotopic signatures are similar to granitoid rocks from Santa Catarina, Ribeira Belt, Brazilian Shield, Namaqua-Natal and Kaoko Belts, as well as the Arequipa-Antofalla terranes (Andes basement) and granitoids from North Patagonia. These data corroborate the observed detrital zircon patterns thar point to both proximal and distal source areas. \'T IND.DM\' model ages older than 1.4 Ga and more negative (-10 to -15) epsilon values were observed in the lower units (Rio do Sul Formation to Paraguaçu Member), while the upper units show \'\'épsilos\' IND.Nd(0)\' values ranging from -6 to -12 and \'T IND. DM\' model ages younger than 1.5 Ga, corroborating the addition of a younger source starting from the Siderópolis Member deposition upwards, as noted by detrital zircon data (Permian age-peak).

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Jurkowski, Jacek. "U-Pb geochronology study of Lynn Lake greenstone belt, Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0011/MQ52583.pdf.

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Stagliano', Antonella. "Geocronologia u-pb del Plutone della Valle del Cervo (Biella)." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8237/.

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I complessi intrusivi alcalini, e i loro prodotti di alterazione, costituiscono una delle principali risorse di materie prime ad alto valore economico. Il magmatismo alcalino è di solito associato a fenomeni di rifting continentale che può essere legato o ad un’incipiente divergenza di placche litosferiche (Rift dell’Africa Orientale) o ad eventi distensivi post-collisionali. La caratterizzazione petrografica, geochimica e geocronologia di questi complessi sono prerequisiti essenziali per ogni progetto di prospezione mineraria. In Italia uno dei complessi alcalini più conosciuti è il Plutone Oligocenico della Valle del Cervo (Biella). La petrografia e la composizione degli elementi maggiori e in traccia dei diversi litotipi che lo compongono sono conosciuti nella letteratura geologica. Le datazioni radiometriche disponibili, tuttavia, sono limitate a dati Rb-Sr su separati di biotite e a più recenti dati U-Pb su zircone separato dal piccolo nucleo granitico del Plutone Oligocenico della Valle del Cervo. In entrambi i casi sono state ottenute età radiometriche di circa 30 Ma. Questo lavoro di tesi si basa sull’analisi degli isotopi U-Pb di zirconi separati dalla sienite e dal monzogranito a megacristalli di ortoclasio che costituiscono gran parte del Plutone Oligocenico della Valle del Cervo. Dopo una caratterizzazione petrografica e geochimica dei campioni scelti si è proceduto alla separazione degli zirconi tramite i metodi di routine che includono separazione gravimetrica, magnetica e liquidi pesanti. I rapporti isotopici U-Pb degli zirconi sono stati determinati presso l’Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, Unità di Pavia, usando la tecnica di spettrometria di massa accoppiata ad una microsonda ad ablazione laser (LA ICP-MS). Le età U-Pb medie determinate per la sienite (33 Ma) e per il monzogranito a megacristalli di ortoclasio (29 Ma) sono da considerarsi età magmatiche relative alla cristallizzazione dei fusi che diedero origine a queste rocce.

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Huang, Yi-Ming. "U-Th-Pb fractionation in selected carbonate and silicate systems." Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57547/.

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V-Th-Pb fractionation trends, and the associated variations in Pb-isotopes, provide important constraints on the nature, and age, of a wide range of geological processes. This thesis presents three detailed case studies from a carbonatite intrusive complex, lower crustal granulite xenoliths, and young volcanic rocks which represent a range of processes that fractionate V, Th and Pb. New major, trace element and Sr, Nd and Pb isotope results are presented for carbonatites and pyroxenites from the 130 Ma old Jacupiranga complex in southern Brazil. The data preclude simple models in which the Sr-Nd and Sr-Pb isotope arrays are the result of crustal contamination processes, or liquid immiscibility between the carbonatites and magmas similar to those from which the pyroxenites crystallised. The initial Sr, Nd and Pb isotope ratios in the Jacupiranga complex are similar to those in the Parana high-Ti basalts and to the oceanic basalts of the Walvis Ridge and Tristan da Cunha, and were apparently inherited from the mantle source regions associated with incipient magmatism of the Tristan da Cunha hotspot and the opening of the South Atlantic. Most carbonatites have high V/Pb and low Rb/Sr ratios and infiltration and/ or metasomatism by such melts is one process that may be responsible for the negative correlation of U/Pb and Rb/Sr inferred for the source of certain oceanic basalts such as Tristan da Cunha. Correlations between trace and major elements in mostly mafic granulite xenoliths from southern Africa probably result from magmatic processes such as fractional crystallisation and crystal accumulation. From Pb and Nd isotope systematics it can be inferred that the northern Lesotho xenoliths are Proterozoic in age, whereas Cape province xenoliths appear to have been fonned in the Archaean and to have had their Nd isotopes reset in the Proterozoic. Most Pb isotope ratios from the granulites xenoliths are unradiogenic relative to the Geochron, which indicates relatively low V /Pb ratios in the later parts of their histories. The correlation between Pb isotope ratios and K2O/A12O3 in the granulites from Markt is considered to reflect magmatic control of the V /Pb fractionation. The Archaean, and some of the younger mantle derived rocks on the Kaapvaal craton, plot on similar Pb isotope trends. It is argued that segments of the crust and uppennost mantle beneath southern Africa stabilised together in the Archaean, and that both were remobilised in subsequent magmatic and orogenic events. Volcanic rocks in the Northland-Auckland peninsula, New Zealand, range from silica-undersaturated basanites to tholeiites and andesites. Although all the volcanic fields are in intraplate settings, two types of mantle source enrichment can be recognised. One is subduction-related and characterised by high Sr and low Nd isotope ratios and negative Nb anomalies. The other type has geochemical features characteristic of intraplate enriched mantle sources with Sr and Nd isotope ratios and Nb/Ba, Ba/La, similar to HIMV OIB, which has been attributed to the deep recycling of oceanic crust. The differences in Pb isotopes between the two mantle sources, i.e. higher /lB/4 and 7/4, but lower 206Pb/204Pb in the subduction-related material than in the inferred HIMU source, indicate that V/Pb in shallow recycled crustal material tend to be lower than in the deeper recycled material. These case studies confirm that (i) metasomatism by small degree melts can have significant effects on mantle trace element characteristics, (ii) the lower crust is a relatively low 11 environment and crystal accumulation may be an important mechanism in the fractionation of Th and U from Pb, cUld (iii) incorporation of recycled crustal material at different levels can result in different V-Th-Pb fractionation and so, with time, different Pb isotope ratios.

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Lena, Luís Otávio Fortes de. "A evolução do arco magmático neoproterozóico São Gabriel, porção sul da província Mantiqueira, baseado em idades U-Pb SHRIMP e LA-ICP-MS e valores de δ18O em zircões detríticos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72227.

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O Arco de São Gabriel é um terreno juvenil exposto na parte oeste do Cinturão Dom Feliciano, na parte sul da Província Mantiqueira, sul do Brasil. Aqui apresentamos os resultados de SHRIMP e LA-ICP-MS geocronologia U-Pb de 177 zircões detríticos das rochas metasedimentares do Complexo Cambaizinho. Oitenta e um grãos foram depois selecionados para o SHRIMP-II para a análise de δ18O. As idades variaram 840-660 Ma, com uma forte concentração entre ca. 750 e 700 Ma. O espectro de idade de zircões detríticos desta sucessão meta-sedimentar sugere que os sedimentos originais foram obtidos a partir da erosão do São Gabriel arco em si, muito provavelmente numa bacia de ante-arco. As razões Th/U e a texturas dos grãos de zircão revelam que eles eram em sua maioria erosão de rochas magmáticas no arco, sem qualquer contribuição relevante de suas contrapartes metamórficos, ou de qualquer outra fonte mais velha. Os valores de δ18O variam de 3,2-9,6%o o, e a maioria deles indicam derivação a partir de fontes juvenis, magmas manto-derivados. Três grupos distintos são reconhecidos: (i) ca. 840-750 Ma para os quais os valores de δ18O variaram entre 3,2 a 5,5%o o que sugere uma origem mantélica, sem qualquer contribuição continental, (ii) 750-700 Ma, com valores de δ18O que variam de 4,0 a 9,4%o o; este período é considerado como o pico do magmatismo dentro do arco, neste caso, tanto rochas mantélicas e continentais neoproterozóicas desempenhado um papel importante no fornecimento de sedimento para a Bacia Cambaizinho, (iii) 690-660 Ma, para os quais os valores δ18O variou entre 6,0 e 9,4%o o. Neste período, rochas continentais são a principal fonte de sedimentos; nenhum valor mantélico de δ18O são observados. Portanto, nossos dados fornece uma visão da evolução progressiva do arco de São Gabriel de uma zona de subducção intra-oceânico a cerca de 840-750 Ma para um ambiente de arco continental (idades <690 Ma), que precedeu o fechamento de um oceano, e a colisão continental no final do Neoproterozóico. The São Gabriel Magmatic Arc (SGA) is a juvenile terrane exposed in the western part of the Dom Feliciano Belt (DFB) in the southern part of the Mantiqueira Province, southern Brazil. Here we present the results of combined SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology of 177 detrital zircons from the meta-sedimentary rocks of the Cambaizinho Complex (CC). Eighty-one grains were later selected for SHRIMP-II δ18O analysis. Ages ranged from 840 to 660 Ma, with a strong concentration between ca. 750 and 700 Ma. The age spectrum of the detrital zircon grains from this meta-sedimentary succession suggests that the original sediments were derived from the erosion of the São Gabriel Arc itself, most likely in a fore-arc basin. Th/U ratios and internal structures of the zircon grains reveal that they were mostly eroded from magmatic rocks in the arc, without any relevant contribution from their metamorphic counterparts, or from any other older source. The δ18O values varied from 3.2 to 9.6%o, and most of them indicate derivation from juvenile, mantle-derived magmas. Three distinct age groups are recognized: (i) ca. 840-750 Ma for which δ18O values varied between 3.2 to 5.5 %o suggesting a mantle-derived source, without any continental contribution, (ii) 750-700 Ma, with δ18O values ranging from 4.0 to 9.4 %o; this period is regarded as the peak of magmatism within the arc, in this case both mantle and continental derived Neoproterozoic rocks played an important role on sediment supply, (iii) 690- 660 Ma, for which δ18O values ranged between 6.0 and 9.4 %o. In this time period, continentalderived rocks are the main source of sediments; no mantle δ18O values are observed. Therefore, our data provides an insight into the progressive evolution of the SGA from an intra-oceanic subduction zone at ca. 840-750 Ma to a continental arc setting (ages < 690 Ma), which preceded ocean closure and continental collision at the end of the Neoproterozoic.

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Souza, Sheila Fabiana Marcelino de. "Geocronologia U-Pb SHRIMP no Complexo Mantiqueira na região entre Juiz de Fora e Santos Dumont, sudeste de Minas Gerais." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8689.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico O Orógeno Ribeira representa um cinturão de dobramentos e empurrões, gerado no Neoproterozóico/Cambriano, durante a Orogênese Brasiliana, na borda sul/sudeste do Cráton do São Francisco e compreende quatro terrenos tectono-estratigráficos: 1) o Terreno Ocidental, interpretado como resultado do retrabalhamento do paleocontinente São Francisco, é constituído de duas escamas de empurrão de escala crustal (Domínios Andrelândia e Juiz de Fora); 2) o Terreno Oriental representa uma outra microplaca e abriga o Arco Magmático Rio Negro; 3) o Terreno Paraíba do Sul, que constitui-se na escama superior deste segmento da faixa; e 4) o Terreno Cabo Frio, cuja docagem foi tardia, ocupa pequena área no litoral norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Em todos os diferentes compartimentos do segmento central da Faixa Ribeira podem ser identificadas três unidades tectono-estratigráficas: 1) unidades pré-1,8 Ga. (ortognaisses e ortogranulitos do embasamento); 2) rochas metassedimentares pós-1,8 Ga; e 3) granitóides/charnockitóides brasilianos. O Complexo Mantiqueira é composto por ortognaisses migmatíticos, tonalíticos a graníticos, e anfibolitos associados, constitui o embasamento pré-1,8 Ga das rochas da Megasseqüência Andrelândia no domínio homônimo do Terreno Ocidental. Foram integrados 68 dados litogeoquímicos dentre ortognaisses e metabasitos do Complexo Mantiqueira. As rochas dessa unidade pertencem a duas séries distintas: série calcioalcalina (rochas intermediárias a ácidas); e série transicional (rochas básicas, ora de afinidade toleítica, ora alcalina). Com base em critérios petrológicos, análise quantitativa e em valores [La/Yb]N, verificou-se que o Complexo Mantiqueira é bastante heterogêneo, incluindo diversos grupos petrogeneticamente distintos. Dentre as rochas da série transicional, foram identificados 2 conjuntos: 1) rochas basálticas toleiíticas, com [La/Yb]N entre 2,13 e 4,72 (fontes do tipo E-MORB e/ou intraplaca);e 2) rochas basálticas de afinidade alcalina, com [La/Yb]N entre 11,79 e 22,78. As rochas da série calciolacalina foram agrupadas em cinco diferentes conjuntos: 1) ortognaisses migmatíticos quartzo dioríticos a tonalíticos, com [La/Yb]N entre 11,37 e 38,26; 2) ortognaisses bandados de composição quarzto diorítica a granodiorítica, com [La/Yb]N entre 4,35 e 9,28; 3) ortognaisses homogênos de composição tonalítica a granítica, com [La/Yb]N entre 16,57 e 38,59; 4) leucognaisses brancos de composição tonalítica/trondhjemítica a granítica, com [La/Yb]N entre 46,69 e 65,06; e 5) ortognaisse róseo porfiroclástico de composição tonalítica a granítica, com [La/Yb]N entre 82,70 e 171,36. As análises geocronológicas U-Pb SHRIMP foram realizadas no Research School of Earth Science (ANU/Canberra/Austrália). Foram obtidas idades paleoproterozóicas para as rochas das duas séries identificadas, interpretadas como a idade de cristalização dos protólitos magmáticos desses gnaisses e metabasitos. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma variação de idades de cristalização de 2139 35 a 2143,4 9,4, para as rochas da série transicional, e de 2126,4 8 a 2204,5 6,7, para aquelas da série calcioalcalina. Dentre todas as amostras estudadas, apenas a amostra JF-CM-516IV forneceu dados discordantes de idades arqueanas (292916 Ma), interpretados como dados de herança. Contudo, evidências dessa herança semelhantes a esta são observadas em outras amostras. Ambas as séries também apresentaram idades de metamorfismo neoproterozóico, no intervalo de 548 17 Ma a 590,5 7,7 Ma que é consistente com o metamorfismo M1 (entre 550 e 590 Ma), contemporâneo à colisão entre os Terrenos Ocidental e Oriental do setor central da Faixa Ribeira (Heilbron, 1993 e Heilbron et al., 1995). The Ribeira Orogen is a complex orogenic belt developed during the Brasiliano Orogeny, along the southern and southeastern borders of the São Francisco Craton, and is subdivided into four tectono-stratigraphic terranes: 1) the Occidental Terrane, taken as the reworked margin of São Francisco paleocontinent, displays an internal tectonic organization with two crustal scale thrust sheets (Andrelândia and Juiz de Fora); 2) the Oriental Terrane, comprises another crotonic block or microplate and includes the Rio Negro magmatic arc; 3) the Paraíba do Sul Terrane, which comprises the uppermost thrust slice of the central segment of the belt; and 4) the Cabo Frio Terrane, which occupies a restrict area at the coast of Rio de Janeiro State, records a late docking event. Within all the forementioned terranes, it can be identified three litho-tectonic units: pre-1.8 Ga basement units (orthognaisses and orthogranulites); 2) post-1.8 Ga supracrustal rocks; and 3) brasiliano granitoids and charnockitoids. Mantiqueira Complex comprises a great variety of tonalitic to granitic orthogneisses and minor orthoamphibolites. This unit comprises the basement rocks of the Andrelândia Megasequence within the Andrelândia tectonic domain. Lithogeochemical data of 68 samples, including orthogneisses and metabasites, indicate that the Mantiqueira Complex comprises two different series: calcalkaline series (intermediate to acid calcalkaline rocks); and transicional series (alkaline to tholeiitic basic rocks). Based on petrological criteria, quantitative analysis and [La/Yb]N values, it was possible to verify that the Mantiqueira Complex is heterogeneous and includes many petrogenetic groups. The transicional series comprises two groups: 1) tholeitic basic rocks, with [La/Yb]N between 2,13 and 4,72 (E-MORB and/or Intraplate type); and 2) alkaline basic rocks, with [La/Yb]N between 11,79 and 22,78. The calcalkaline rocks of the Mantiqueira Complex may be grouped into five different petrogenetic groups: 1) migmatitic quartz dioritic to tonalitic orthogneisses, with [La/Yb]N between 11,37 and 38,26; 2) banded quartz dioritic to granodioritic orthogneisses, with [La/Yb]N between 4,35 and 9,28; 3) tonalitic to granitic homogeneous orthogneisses, with [La/Yb]N between 16,57 and 38,59; 4) white tonalitic/trondhjemitic to granitic leucogneisses, with [La/Yb]N between 46,69 and 65,06; and 5) pinkish orthogneiss of tonalitic to granitic composition and [La/Yb]N between 82,70 and 171,36. U-Pb SHRIMP geocronological analysis were performed at the Research School of Earth Science (ANU/Canberra/Australia). Paleoproterozoic ages, interpreted as protoliths cristalization ages, were obtained for rocks from both the calcalkaline and transitional series. Obtained results display a range of cristalization ages from 2139 35 to 2143,4 9,4, to the rocks of the transitional series, and from 2126,4 8 to 2204,5 6,7, for those of the calcalkaline one. Among all studied rocks, only one (sample JF-CM-516 IV) yielded discordant archean zircons (292916 Ma), interpreted as inherited ones. However, evidences of archean zircons were obtained from zircons of other samples. All studied samples record a neoproterozoic metamorphic event in the interval from 548 17 Ma to 590,5 7,7 Ma, which is consistent with the M1 metamorphic event (from 550 to 590 Ma), contemporaneous to the main collision of the central segment of Ribeira Belt (collision between the Occidental and Oriental Terranes (Heilbron, 1993 e Heilbron et al., 1995).

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Warnsloh, Jens M. "Auswirkungen der hydrothermalen Alteration und der Metamiktisierung auf die U-Th-Pb-Verteilung und die U-Pb-Isotopensystematik in Pyrochlor des Sokli-Karbonatit-Komplex, N-Finnland." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://darwin.bth.rwth-aachen.de/opus/volltexte/2006/1484/index.html.

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Vėjelytė, Irma. "Telšių ir Drūkšių –Polocko deformacijos zonos: petrografija ir U/Pb geochronologija." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20111227_091503-08850.

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Telšių (TDZ) ir Drūkšių-Polocko deformacijos zonos (DPDZ) kristaliniame pamate yra svarbios plastinės šlyties sistemos, priklausančios Kurzemės-Polocko lūžių juostai, esančiai vakariniame Rytų Europos kratono pakraštyje. Taikant petrografinį, mikrostruktūrinį ir izotopinės geochronologijos metodus kristalinių uolienų tyrimams, šiame darbe išaiškinti dar prekambre vykę magmatizmo, deformacijų ir metamorfizmo procesai bei stadijos tirtose deformacijos zonose, kurios kelis kartus reaktyvavosi proterozojuje ir fanerozojuje. Jų palyginimas su panašiomis deformacijos zonomis Baltijos skyde Švedijoje bei Baltarusijoje gali padėti atskleisti regiono aplink Baltijos jūrą, esančio Rytų Europos kratone, evoliuciją. The Telšiai deformation zone (TDZ) and the Drūkšiai-Polotsk deformation zone (DPDZ) in the crystalline basement of Lithuania are important structures, belonging to the wide Polotsk-Kurzeme fault belt in the western part of the East European Craton (EEC). Combining microstructural, metamorphic and isotopic geochronological information is a tool constraining the time of deformation and metamorphism in shear zones. The TDZ and DPDZ were reactivated several times in the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic times. Their correlation with similar deformation zones of the Baltic Shield in Sweden and Belarus provides new insights into the regional structure and evolution of the East European Craton around the Baltic Sea.

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Safipour, Roxana G. "U-Pb geochronology of the Acasta Gneiss Complex in Northwest Canada." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114375.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2009. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-59). The Acasta Gneiss Complex in Northwest Canada contains the oldest dated rocks in the world. The gneisses range in age from 4.03-3.6 Ga, as determined by U-Pb dating of zircons (Bowring and Williams 1999). U-Pb dating of xenocrystic cores in these zircons indicates a cryptic record of continental crust older than 4.0 Ga. In this study, zircons were selected and characterized from thirteen samples of Acasta Gneisses. Many of the zircons contain xenocrystic cores mantled by younger domains. U-Pb geochronological data were collected using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometery (LA-ICPMS). Twelve of the samples show evidence for two distinct crystallization events, one which formed the cores and another in which the mantle domain overgrew the cores. The oldest cores were dated at >4.0 Ga. This provides additional evidence for pre-4.0 Ga crust formation in the late Hadean. by Roxana G. Safipour. S.B.

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Mangenot, Xavier. "Contributions du thermomètre Δ47 et du chronomètre U-Pb à l’étude de l’histoire diagénétique, thermique, et hydrogéologique des réservoirs carbonatés du Jurassique Moyen du bassin de Paris". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC276/document.

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Dans l’étude de la diagenèse des formations silico-clastiques ou carbonatées, il est souvent difficile de contraindre la température et l’âge des différents épisodes de cimentation ou de recristallisation. Le premier objectif de ce travail de thèse était de tester le potentiel de deux outils isotopiques récents (le géothermomètre des « clumpedisotopes » Δ47 et le géochronomètre U-Pb par analyse ponctuelle sur lame mince) dans le cadre de l’étude de la diagenèse des carbonates. Le deuxième objectif était de préciser l’histoire diagénétique, thermique, ethydrogéologique des réservoirs carbonatés du bassin de Paris. Pour atteindre ces deux objectifs, nous avons étudié des ciments de calcite et dolomite collectés dans les calcaires du Jurassique Moyen du dépocentre du bassin de Paris. La bonne caractérisation pétrographique et sédimentologique de ces échantillons, et le couplage entre les géothermomètres Δ47 et inclusions fluides, nous ont permis d’accéder à plusieurs informations de premier ordre. Premièrement, nous montrons que le Δ47 permet de reconstruire simultanément et précisément la température de formation des ciments diagénétiques dans la gamme 60-100°C (avec une précision de ~3-5°C) et la composition isotopique en oxygène des fluides (δ18Owater) à partir desquels ces ciments ont précipités (avec une précision de ~ 1‰). Deuxièmement, nous présentons une amélioration des connaissances de l’histoire thermique et des périodes de paléo-circulation des fluides à l’échelle régionale dans le bassin de Paris. Notamment, le croisement du géothermomètre Δ47 avec la méthode de datation U-Pb nous a permis pour la première fois de poser des contraintes thermo-chronologiques absolues sur l’ensemble des phases de circulations de fluides étudiées. Plus largement, ce couplage Δ47 /(U-Pb) inédit dévoile un champ d’application nouveau en thermo-chronologie de basse température (10-100°C). Nous anticipons que ce travail initie de nombreuses applications pour l’étude des histoires thermiques des bassins sédimentaires, via l’analyse de la diagenèse des carbonates Diagenesis studies of both siliciclastic and carbonate rock units face the difficulty of constraining the temperature and age of the successive episodes of mineral crystallization. The first objective of this PhD work was to test the potential of two recent isotopic tools (the "clumped isotopes" Æ47 geothermometer and the laser ablation U-Pb geochronometer ) to integrate conventional carbonate diagenesis studies. The second objective was to reconstruct the diagenetic, thermal, and hydrogeological histories of the Middle Jurassic carbonate reservoirs of the Paris Basin. To achieve these goals, we studied calcite and dolomite cements mostly collected in the basin subsurface (exploration cores). The good petrographical and sedimentological characterization of the studied samples, together with the analysis of fluid inclusions and ?47 thermometry for determining the temperature and the chemical and isotopic compositions of the mineralizing fluids, allowed us to reach several first-order information. First, we show that Æ47 allows to simultaneously and precisely reconstruct the formation temperature of diagenetic cements in the range 60-100 ¡C (with an accuracy of ~ 3-5 ¡C) and the oxygen isotopic composition of the parent fluids (d18Owater) with a precision of ~ 1 ä. Secondly, this work improves our knowledge on the thermal history and past fluid-flows occurring at the basin scale. In particular, the coupling of the Æ47 thermometer with the U-Pb chronometer permitted for the first time to set absolute thermo-chronological constraints on every fluid-flow episodes investigated. More broadly, this unprecedented Æ47/(U-Pb) coupling reveals a new field of application in the low-temperature thermo-chronology field (10-100 ¡C). We anticipate that this pioneer thermo-chronological approach will induce many future applications in the study of sedimentary basins via carbonate diagenesis studies

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Valencia, Federico Arturo. "Whole-Rock Lead-Lead Systematics and Major Element Analyses on the 1.85 GA. FLIN FLON Paleosol, Manitoba, Canada: Implications for Uranium Mobility." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses/40.

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The 1.85 Ga Flin Flon paleosol located in Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada, is studied with the purpose of determining the timing and geochemical trend of uranium migration. Radiometric minimum ages of sediments and paleosols indicates the presence of a post-depositional event, these ages are bracketed by the Trans-Hudson orogeny event (2155–1750 Ma) which resulted in the alteration of κ(Th/U) and µ(U/Pb) ratios by exposing volcanics to the atmosphere and instigating the mobilization of U. The profile shows that the Missi sediments lost Uby 84% average relative to corrected average upper crust value. The upper paleosol gained U by 11% and the lower paleosol lost U by 17%, relative to least weathered parent volcanics. Upward addition of U within the paleosol is associated with metasomatism. Potential mineralization of uranium occurs downgradient of the Missi and paleosol contact.

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Poujol, Marc. "Etude U-Pb et Pb-Pb de la Murchison Greenstone Belt et du bassin aurifère d'Evander, Afrique du Sud : implications pour l'évolution du Kaapvaal Craton." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20196.

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Cette étude présente de nouvelles données U-Pb et Pb-Pb sur le Central Rand Group du bassin aurifère d'Evander et sur la Murchison greenstone belt, Afrique du Sud. Le bassin aurifère d'Evander, non encore étudié d'un point de vue géochronologie, est localisé à l'est du bassin du Witwatersrand. L'étude des zircons détritiques donne une population essentiellement comprise entre 3050 et 2850 Ma, le plus vieux étant âgé de 3180 Ma. Elle permet aussi la mise en évidence d'une phase de croissance de zircon (ou de remise à zéro du système U-Pb de grains détritiques) reliée à la mise en place des laves de Ventersdorp à ca. 2. 7 Ga. Des pyrites détritiques provenant du mur du Kimberley Reef donnent des âges plus anciens que l'âge minimum du dépôt des sédiments du bassin du Witwatersrand. Les pyrites authigènes ainsi que certaines pyrites détritiques provenant des zones altérées du Kimberley Reef définissent deux événements. Le premier, daté à 2370 Ma, est à relier à la subsidence du bassin liée au dépôt des séquences supérieures du Transvaal et semble associée à la circulation de fluides fortement radiogéniques. Le second, daté aux alentours de 2020 Ma, est contemporain de la mise en place du Bushveld Complex et de l'impact météoritique de Vredefort. , les fluides ayant ici une signature beaucoup moins radiogénique. Cette étude démontre une évolution complexe multi-phase des minéralisations d'or et d'uranium au niveau du bassin du Witwatersrand. La Murchison greenstone belt représente une des régions les plus riches en antimoine. Elle renferme aussi des minéralisations d'or, de Cu-Zn et d'émeraude. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer l'âge de la ceinture ainsi que celui des minéralisations, mais aussi d'estimer le rôle potentiel que les granitoïdes ont pu jouer lors des processus de formation des minéralisations. La mise en place de la ceinture est ainsi datée entre 3. 09 et 2. 97 Ga. Trois phases magmatiques majeures ont pris place à 2. 97, 2. 82 et 2. 68 Ga. Les pyrites associées avec les minéralisations d'Au-SB et de Cu-Zn définissent un âge isochrone de 2. 97 Ga suggérant qu'elles sont à relier à la mise en place du Maranda batholith et des roches volcaniques de la Rubbervale Formation à 2. 97 Ga. Les pyrites associées aux émeraudes au sud de la ceinture reflètent un mélange entre le plomb provenant d'un socle ancien à 3. 23 Ga et celui de l'événement magmatique à 2. 97 Ga. La Rubbervale formation et le Maranda batholith représentent par conséquent une importante métallothèque dont l'importance de ne s’applique pas à la seule région de Murchison, mais aussi à l'importante question de l'origine de l'or dans le Witwatersrand.

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Lopes, Carina Graciniana. "Análises de U-Pb por LA-ICP-MS e Shrimp em zircões detríticos do complexo Passo Feio, Terreno São Gabriel implicações geotectônicas para evolução do Cinturão Dom Feliciano." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/128186.

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Idades de importância regional, ou mesmo global, foram encontradas na proveniência U-Pb de zircões detríticos de metapelitos do Complexo Passo Feio. Este complexo se localiza no Terreno São Gabriel, porção oeste do Cinturão Dom Feliciano, extremo sul da Província Mantiqueira, com evolução e metamorfismo de idade Neoproterozóica. Foram analisadas quatro amostras de metassedimentos do Complexo Passo Feio, onde foram reconhecidas populações de zircões detríticos num intervalo de idades de 803 a 3637 Ma. Todas as amostras apresentaram repetição das populações meso/paleoproterozoicas e arqueanas, e a restrição da população neoproterozóica em somente uma amostra. As idades obtidas indicam que o início da sedimentação da bacia do Complexo Passo Feio tinha como fonte principal as rochas paleoproterozóicas e arqueanas do Cráton Rio de La Plata e adjacentes, caracterizando neste período uma bacia de margem passiva. A entrada de zircões neoproterozóicos na sedimentação sugerem a evolução da bacia para um retro-arco a partir da primeira geração de arcos magmáticos com o fechamento do oceano Goiás-Farusiano. Correspondem às unidades geradas na primeira fase de convergência e acresção juvenil do Cinturão Dom Feliciano, caracterizada pela orogênese que gerou o Arco Passinho, um arco de Ilhas intra-oceânico. O pico de idades neoproterozóicas sugere uma idade mínima de evolução tectônica deste arco de 948 Ma. As idades arqueanas de 3.6 Ga representa a população de zircões detríticos mais velhas encontradas no sul do Brasil. Ages of regional importance, or even global, were found in provenance U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from metapelites of Passo Feio Complex. This complex is located in San Gabriel Terrane, west of the Dom Feliciano Belt, southern Mantiqueira Province, with Neoproterozoic evolution and metamorphism. Four samples of metasedimentary rocks of the Passo Feio Complex were analyzed, and recognized detrital zircons populations with age range 803-3637 Ma. All analyzed samples showed repetition of meso / paleoproterozoic and Archean populations, and the restriction of Neoproterozoic population to only one sample. Ages obtained indicate that the onset of sedimentation of the Passo Feio basin had as main source the Paleoproterozoic and Archean rocks of the Rio de la Plata craton and adjacent, at this time featuring a passive margin basin. The Neoproterozoic zircons input at sedimentation suggest the evolution to a retro-arc basin, at the first generation of magmatic arcs with the closing of ocean-Farusiano Goiás. Correspond to the units generated in the first phase of convergence and accretion of juvenile Dom Feliciano Belt, characterized by orogeny that generated the Arc Passinho, an intra-oceanic arc Islands. The peak ages for Neoproterozoic suggests a minimum age of onset tectonic evolution of this arc of 948 Ma. The Archean ages of 3.6 Ga are the oldest detrital zircons population found in southern Brazil.

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Grange, Marion. "Origine et mise en place du magmatisme alcalin au Portugal : âges U-Pb et traçage isotopique Pb-Sr-Hf." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE4084.

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La côte ouest du Portugal est jalonnée par trois massifs alcalins majeurs, entre l’Algarve et Lisbonne, et par quelques intrusions mineures au Nord de Lisbonne. Les massifs de Sintra, Sines et Monchique ainsi que quatre intrusions alcalines du Bassin Lusitanien ont été échantillonnés. Les données U-Pb, sur sphènes et zircons, ont permis d’identifier deux évènements magmatiques : les trois principaux massifs ainsi qu’une petite intrusion (Ribamar) sont d’âge Crétacé Supérieur (88-69 Ma), alors que trois intrusions au Nord sont datées entre le Jurassique Supérieur et le Crétacé Inférieur (147-142 Ma). Les intrusions Jurassique se seraient mises en place au cours d’un intense processus distensif de la marge continentale qui précède l’ouverture de l’Atlantique central. Cet étirement créerait une remontée de l’asthénosphère qui pourrait induire la fusion partielle de la lithosphère continentale, comme le suggèrent les données isotopiques initiales en Pb et Sr. Quant aux roches du Crétacé Supérieur, leur affinité alcaline augmente depuis le nord vers le sud où le massif de Monchique expose jusqu’à des phonolites. Les rapports isotopiques initiaux en Pb, Sr et Hf indiquent que ces magmas sont probablement issus d’un panache mantellique, mélangés avec des magmas dérivés du manteau sous-continental métasomatisé. Le gradient d’âge observé à l’échelle du Portugal (de 88 Ma au nord à 69 Ma au sud) peut être étendu à l’ensemble des monts sous marins de la région, mis en place depuis 104 Ma. Le magmatisme alcalin semble avoir migré le long d’une trajectoire circulaire d’environ 1500 km. Cette migration est attribuée à une migration de la fusion partielle en relation avec une anomalie thermique profonde, à partir de laquelle des domaines de manteau chaud remonteraient alors de façon sporadique dans le temps et l’espace Three main alkaline massifs occur along the west coast of Portugal, reaching from the Algarve region up to Lisbon area. Minor alkaline intrusions can be found to the north of Lisbon. The Sintra, Sines and Monchique massifs, and four intrusions from the Lusitanian Basin have been sampled. Zircon and titanite U-Pb ages substantiate two magmatic events occurring in Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous times (147-142 Ma) and in Upper Cretaceous times (88-69 Ma). Three of the intrusions north of Lisbon have been emplaced during the first, essentially Jurassic event, whereas the Ribamar intrusion and the three main massifs belong to the Cretaceous event. The Jurassic intrusions would have been emplaced during an intensive stretching of the continental margin prior to opening of the central E-Atlantic. Such stretching would create asthenospheric upwelling that induces melting of the metasomatized subcontinental mantle, as suggested by initial Pb and Sr isotope ratios. The Cretaceous rocks are characterized by an increase in alkalinity from north to south reaching phonolitic composition at Monchique. Initial isotope ratios of Pb, Sr and Hf show that these magmas are probably generate in a plume, and mixed with melts from the metasomatized subcontinental mantle during their ascent to the surface. The N-S age gradient observed in Portugal (88-69 Ma) can be extended to the entire seamounts region where alkaline magmas were emplaced since 104 Ma. Alkaline magmatism seems to have migrated along an about 1500 km long circular trajectory, correlated with progressive time-space migration of partial melting in relation to a deep thermal anomaly from where hot mantle domains sporadically rise in space and time

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Noyes, Andrea K. "A feasibility study of U-Pb ilmenite geochronology, Monastery kimberlite, South Africa." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/MQ60161.pdf.

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Guerrot, Catherine. "Archéen et ProtérozoÏque dans la chaîne hercynienne ouest-européenne : géochimie isotopique (Sr-Nd-Pb) et géochronologie U-Pb sur zircons." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653455.

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La reconnaissance et l'étude géochronologique et isotopique des terrains anté-paléozoiques inclus dans la chaîne hercynienne d'Europe de l'Ouest s'avèrent indispensables si l'on veut connaître leur influence dans la genèse des magmas en zones orogéniques et donc sur la croissance crus tale. Pour ce faire, deux objets géologiques ont été étudiés : les granulites immergées du Golfe de Gascogne, et les roches cadomiennes du nord du massif armoricain. La séquence géochronologique obtenue (2,7 - 2,0 - 0,6 Ga) correspond à celle observée dans le craton Ouest-Africain. Un rapprochement entre cette partie de l'Europe et l'Afrique est donc possible pour les temps précambriens, rapprochement conforté par les données paléomagnétiques. L'étude des granulites immergées du Golfe de Gascogne a montré pour la première fois la présence dans la chaîne hercynienne de protolithes archéens, mais également de deux métamorphismes anciens de haut-grade (2,76 et 1,8 Ga). La géochimie isotopique (Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb) si elle n'a pas apporté de contraintes chronologiques, témoigne de l'influence des roches archéennes dans la genèse des magmas protérozoique inférieur. L'orogène cadomien s'étalant sur 150 Ma (670 à 530 Ma), est engendré par une subduction sous une marge active pouvant avoir commencé dès 660 Ma. Cette subduction entraîne l'ouverture d'un bassin arrière-arc à 600 Ma dont la fermeture et l'obduction vers le sud à 580 Ma entraînent un surépaississement qui favorise une période de fusion crustale datée à 540 Ma. L'événement tectonique majeur à 580 Ma est synchrone d'un changement dans la sédimentation briovérienne et permet d'établir une coupure entre un briovérien inférieur (660-580 Ma) et un briovérien supérieur (580-540 Ma). Enfrn l'étude géochimique des granitoïdes cadomiens montre qu'ils ne sont pas entièrement juvéniles, mais suggère un certain degré de contamination par du matériel ancien. Une modélisation utilisant les caractères géochimiques des granulites du Golfe de Gascogne met en accord les deux systèmes isotopiques (Sr et Nd) étudiés, pour des taux de contamination raisonnables (5 à 30%). Bien que peu importante, cette contamination, ainsi que tous les âges anciens indiqués par les zircons, prouvent le recyclage généralisé de cette croûte ancienne à l'échelle européenne. Les affleurements actuellement recensés ne sont donc pas significatifs de son extension originelle.

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Guerrot, Catherine. "Archéen et Protérozoïque dans la chaîne hercynienne Ouest-européenne : géochimie isotopique Sr-Nd-Pb et géochronologie U-Pb sur zircons /." Rennes : Centre Armoricain d'étude structurale des socles, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35048785z.

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DÁTTOLI, Luan Cavalcante. "Geologia, petrologia e geoquímica do Ortognaisse Maravilha, domínio Pernambuco-Alagoas." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2017. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25598.

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Submitted by Pedro Barros (pedro.silvabarros@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-09T18:57:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Luan Cavalcante Dáttoli.pdf: 6784323 bytes, checksum: 2faab5fa84e7eddfaa4b1ca6f3e75c9b (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-15T23:20:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Luan Cavalcante Dáttoli.pdf: 6784323 bytes, checksum: 2faab5fa84e7eddfaa4b1ca6f3e75c9b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T23:20:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Luan Cavalcante Dáttoli.pdf: 6784323 bytes, checksum: 2faab5fa84e7eddfaa4b1ca6f3e75c9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 CNPq O Ortognaisse Maravilha consiste em uma intrusão polideformada, aflorante em uma área de 200 km², presente no Domínio Pernambuco-Alagoas, porção sul da Província Borborema. Possui composição tonalítica, de textura fanerítica a porfirítica, fraco a fortemente foliado, e composição modal com variadas quantidades de plagiclásio, biotita, anfibólio, quartzo e microclina, além de epídoto magmático, titanita, allanita, apatita e zircão como acessórios. Enxames de enclaves máficos e dioríticos são observados frequentemente. Sua deformação dúctil é resultante de dois eventos, D₂ e D₃, ambos de carácter transpressional, sendo D2 atuante durante a colocação do protólito. As biotitas presentes possuem composição entre eastonita e siderofilita, e os anfibólios são pargasitas e ferro-pargasitas. São quimicamente metaluminosos, magnesianos e cálcio-alcalino de médio a alto-K. Estimativas geotermobarométricas indicam pressão de cristalização do plúton variando de 6,0 a 7,3 Kbar, a uma temperatura entre 706° a 784,6 °C. Possui enriquecimento em HFSE, com aranhogramas caracterizados por anomalias negativas de Nb, Ta, P e Ti, e ETR, mostrando fracionamento moderado e anomalia de Eu pouco significativa. Análises isotópicas U-Pb em zircões por SRHIMP indicam idade de cristalização do protólito de 646 ± 5 Ma, além de 983 ± 7 Ma para o protólito do embasamento ortognáissico migmatítico. Os dados isotópicos Sm-Nd (εNd= -15,8; Tᴅᴍ=2,2 Ga) sugerem significativo componente crustal paleoproterozoico em sua formação, além de caráter não juvenil. A sua formação sucedeu em um evento sin-tectônico na porção centro-oeste do Domínio Pernambuco-Alagoas. A integração de dados sugere três possíveis modelos de formação para o OM: fusão da crosta inferior paleoproterozoica ou fusão de um manto litosférico metassomatizado em eventos orogenéticos no Paleoproterozoico. The Ipubi Formation corresponds to the lithostratigraphic unit of Santana Group The Maravilha Ortogneiss (MO) consists in a polideformed intrusion, which crops out in 200 km² of area in the Pernambuco-Alagoas Domain, southern part of the Borborema Province. It displays tonalitic composition, with fanerític to phorfiritic, isotropic to strogly foliated, along with modal composition possessing different amounts of plagioclase, biotite, amphibole, quartz and microcline. The accessories minerals are magmatic epidote, titanite, allanite and apatite and zircon. The MO is marked by swarms of mafic and dioritic enclaves. It was affected by two main ductil deformational events: D₂, the moment of MO emplacement, and D₃, both of them with sinistral transpressional kinematic. The biotites have chemical between eastonites and siderofilites. The amphiboles are pargasites and ferro-pargasites. Geothermobarometric estimates indicate pluton crystallization pressure of 6.0 to 7.3 Kbar at a temperature between 706° and 784.6 C°. It has enrichment in HFSE, possessing negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, P and Ti, and ETR values showing moderate fractionation and no significant Eu anomaly. U-Pb isotopic analyzes in zircons by SRHIMP indicate the age of crystallization of the protolith of 646 ± 5.1 Ma, besides 983 ± 7 Ma for the protolith of the migmatitic orthogneiss basement. It presents an isotopic signature (εNd = -15.8; Tᴅᴍ = 2.22 Ga), which suggests a significant Paleoproterozoic crustal component in its formation, besides non-juvenile character. The MO formation happened in a sin-tectonic event in the center-west portion of the Pernambuco-Alagoas Domain. The integration of data suggests three possible training models for MO: melting of lower paleoproterozoic crust or melting of a metassomatized lithospheric mantle in orogenic events in the Paleoproterozoic.

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Knijnik, Daniel Barbosa. "Geocronologia U-Pb e geoquímica isotópica Sr-Nd dos granitóides sintectônicos às zonas de cisalhamento transcorrentes Quitéria Serra doo Erval e dorsal de Canguçu, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/182067.

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No sul do Brasil, zonas de cisalhamento tem um papel importante na geração e posicionamento de magmas graníticos e básicos. As zonas de cisalhamento transcorrentes Quitéria-Serra do Erval (ZCQSE) e Dorsal de Canguçu (ZCTDC) fazem parte do Cinturão de Cisalhamento Sul brasileiro (CCSb), uma descontinuidade formada no Neoproterozoico, que compreende zonas de cisalhamento kilométricas, anastomosadas, de escala crustal, com cinemática predominantemente transcorrente, e estão relacionadas com a construção de um extenso batólito de quase 1000 Km (650-575Ma). Seu desenvolvimento iniciou após a colisão principal (ca. 650 Ma) entre os cratons Rio de La Plata e Kalahari. A ZCQSE controlou o posicionamento do Granodiorito Cruzeiro do Sul (635Ma) e dos Diques Tardios granodioríticos a monzograníticos (605Ma), dos granitoides de afinidade tholetítica, Arroio Divisa (625Ma), e seu pulso mais evoluído, os Granitoide Sanga do Areal (620Ma). A presença de enclaves máficos contemporâneas com esses granitoides, indicam que fontes mantélicas foram ativas durante seus posicionamentos. Valores de ƐNd entre -3.32 a -10.93 e razões de 87Sr/86Sr(i) entre 0.7048 to 0.7223 obtidas para os granitoides da QSESZ sugerem fontes mantélicas com alguma componente crustal. Xenólitos das rochas encaixantes, como as do Complexo Arroio dos Ratos (2.14Ga), são interpretadas como parte da contaminação crustal. Os padrões geoquímicos dos granitoides da ZCQSE indicam fontes e processos de diferenciação similares para todas as unidades. Dados geocronológicos dos magmatismos shoshoniticos com idades entre 635 e 605 Ma definem o período mínimo de atividade tectônica e magmática da ZCQSE, assim como expandem o intervalo do magmatismo shoshonítico no sul do Brasil, indicando uma ativação precoce de fontes mantélicas no Batólito Pelotas. Estes magmatismos de natureza shoshonítica e tholeítica registram os estágios iniciais do CCSb (640 630Ma), em um ambiente pós-colisional, logo após a colisão principal (650Ma) no ciclo Brasiliano / Pan-Africano. Neste trabalho, complexos processos de fusão parcial de fontes mantélicas e crustais envolvendo influxo de água, fluxo de calor adicional através de injeções félsicas e máficas, mixing, mingling, e descompressão relacionada a atividade de zonas de cisalhamento durante mais de 30 Ma, são sugeridos. O magmatismo ao longo da ZCTDC teve seu início com o Granito Quitéria e foi seguido pelo Granito Arroio Francisquinho, o primeiro de derivação mantélica e o segundo de fusão crustal. Novos dados U-Pb SHRIMP do Granito Quitéria apontam uma idade de 634 Ma, interpretada como idade de cristalização. Para o Granito Arroio Francisquinho, a idade de cristalização obtida em monazita e nas bordas de zircões, foi cerca de 610 Ma. Estas idades definem o período principal da atividade tectônica e magmática da ZCTDC. Uma compilação extensiva de dados isotópicos do magmatismo dentro e fora dos três batólitos que compõe o CCSb e do seu embasamento, permitiu estimar o intervalo do magamtismo pós-colisional no sul do Brasil entre 640 e 560Ma, e o intervalo dos picos termais causados por esse magmatismo no embasamento, entre 650 e 560 Ma. As idades de cristalização, heranças e os dados de Sr-Nd compilados, levaram a conclusão que estes três segmentos devem ser tratados como um único batólito. Crustal-scale shear zones play an important role in the generation and emplacement of granitic and basic magmatism within the Neoproterozoic post-collisional setting of southern Brazil. The strike-slip Quitéria-Serra do Erval Shear Zone (QSESZ) and the Dorsal de Canguçu Transcurrent Shear Zone (DCTSZ) are part of the Southern Brazilian Shear Belt (SBSB), a major crustal discontinuity formed in the Neoproterozoic, which comprises several km-wide, anastomosing shear zones of dominantly transcurrent kinematics and is related with the building of an extensive, nearly 1000 km long batholith (650-575Ma). Its development is thought to have initiated after the main collision (ca. 650 Ma) between the Río de la Plata and Kalahari cratons. The QSESZ has controlled the emplacement of the shoshonitic Cruzeiro do Sul Granodiorite (635Ma) and late granodiorite to monzogranite dikes (Late Dikes, 605Ma), the tholeiitic Arroio Divisa granitoids (625Ma) and its more evolved pulse, the Sanga do Areal (620Ma). The presence of mafic rocks coeval with each of these granite magmas, found as mingled mafic enclaves, indicates that mantle sources were active during their emplacement. ƐNd values of -3.32 to -10.93 and 87Sr/86Sr(i) ratios from 0.7048 to 0.7223 obtained for the QSESZ granitoids suggest mantle sources with some evolved sources such as old continental crust. Host-rock xenoliths of the Paleoproterozoic Arroio dos Ratos Complex (2.14 Ga) are interpreted as crustal contaminants. Geochemical trends indicate similar sources and processes of differentiation for the QSESZ granitoids. Geochronological data of the QSESZ shoshonitic magmatisms indicates ages between 635 and 605 Ma and defines the minimum period of magmatic and tectonic activity of the Quitéria-Serra do Erval Shear Zone, as well as expand the time span for the shoshonitic magmatism in southern Brazil indicating an early activation of mantle sources in the Pelotas Batholith. These magmatisms of shoshonitic and tholeiitic nature records the initial stages of the SBSB (640 - 630Ma) in a post-collisional period, just after the Brasiliano / Pan-African main collisional event (650Ma). A complex process of partial melting of mantle and crustal sources involving water influx, additional heat flux from felsic and mafic injections, mixing, mingling and decompression related to the shear zone activity over 30 Ma duration is suggested. Magmatism emplaced along the DCTSZ has started with the mantle-derived Quitéria Granite and was followed by crustal melts such as the Arroio Francisquinho Granite (AFG). New U-Pb SHRIMP zircon data from the Quitéria Granite yielded a value of 634 Ma, interpreted as its crystallization age. The AFG crystallization age obtained in monazite, and zircon outer rims is ca. 610 Ma. The ages of these granites define the main period of coeval tectonic and magmatic activity of the DCTSZ. An extensive isotope data compilation of the magmatism within and outside the SBSB three batholith segments and its basement allows to estimate the time span of postcollisional magmatism in southern Brazil from 640 to 560 Ma, and the interval of the main thermal effects on the basement between 650 and 560 Ma. The crystallization/inherited ages and the Sr-Nd isotope data, lead to conclude that three segments should be addressed as a single batholith.

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Wilson, John Robert. "U/Pb Zircon Ages of Plutons from the Central Appalachians and GIS-Based Assessment of Plutons with Comments on Their Regional Tectonic Significance." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35248.

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The rocks of the Appalachian orogen are world-class examples of collisional and extensional tectonics, where multiple episodes of mountain building and rifting from the pre-Cambrian to the present are preserved in the geologic record. These orogenic events produced plutonic rocks, which can be used as probes of the thermal state of the source region. SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry) U/Pb ages of zircons were obtained for ten plutons (Leatherwood, Rich Acres, Melrose, Buckingham, Diana Mills, Columbia, Poore Creek, Green Springs, Lahore and Ellisville) within Virginia. These plutons are distinct chemically, isotopically, and show an age distribution where felsic rocks are approximately 440 Ma, and Mafic rocks are approximately 430 Ma. Initial strontium isotopic ratios and bulk geochemical analyses were also performed. These analyses show the bimodal nature of magmatism within this region. In order to facilitate management of geologic data, including radiometric ages, strontium isotope initial ratios and major element geochemistry, a GIS based approach has been developed. Geospatially references sample locations, and associated attribute data allow for analysis of the data, and an assessment of the accuracy of field locations of plutons at both regional and local scales. The GIS based assessment of plutons also allows for the incorporation of other multidisciplinary databases to enhance analysis of regional and local geologic processes. Extending such coverage to the central Appalachians (distribution of lithotectonic belts, plutons, and their ages and compositions) will enable a rapid assessment of tectonic models. Master of Science

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Silva, Daniel Adelino da. "Geocronologia (40Ar/39Ar e U-Pb), petrografia e litogeoquímica da intrusão alcalina do Marapicu RJ." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9115.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior A intrusão alcalina do Marapicu é uma intrusão localizada no maciço Marapicu-Gericinó-Mendanha situado na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Este maciço é formado por dois corpos alcalinos: Marapicu e Mendanha que fazem parte do lineamento magmático Poços de Caldas-Cabo Frio. Este lineamento inclui dezenas de corpos ígneos alcalinos de idade Cretácea com uma direção preferencial WNW-ESE. Os litotipos mais abundantes do Maciço Marapicu são representados por nefelina sienitos e sienitos de caráter plutônico, além de, fonolitos caracterizados por intrusões rasas geralmente em forma de diques. Além desses litotipos foram amostradas duas rochas com características químicas de magma parental (lamprófiro e fonolito tefrítico), porém, essas duas amostras não apresentam relação genética com as demais. Também foi amostrado um nefelina sienito que possui sodalita azul como feldspatóide, sendo assim, chamado de nefelina sodalita sienito. Entre os fonolitos coletados para esse trabalho, uma amostra apresenta granada melanita em sua assembleia mineralógica, e esta foi então denominada melanita fonolito. Quimicamente as rochas do Marapicu formam uma série alcalina predominantemente insaturada em sílica, miaskítica e metaluminosa. Dentro desta série se observam duas suítes sendo uma potássica (predominante) e outra sódica. A evolução química do corpo se deu por processo de cristalização fracionada com ou sem assimilação de crosta continental provavelmente dentro de uma fonte mantélica enriquecida. Duas idades de cristalização foram obtidas para o Maciço do Marapicu sendo uma idade 40Ar/39Ar de 80,46 0,58 Ma em hornblenda, e uma idade U-Pb em zircão bastante concordante de 78,0 2,1 Ma. Os dados apresentados aqui em conjunto com dados da literatura apontam para dois modelos geodinâmicos de geração dos corpos alcalinos do sudeste brasileiro, um considera a existência de uma pluma mantélica gerada na astenosfera, o outro tem por base a hipótese de flexura crustal e considera que a carga de sedimentos depositados na plataforma continental exerceria esforços que provocariam fraturas profundas permitindo a ascenção desses magmas. O presente trabalho vem para contribuir no entendimento do alojamento dos corpos alcalinos do sudeste brasileiro através do estudo especifico do Maciço Marapicu em conjunto com dados da literatura The Marapicu Alkaline intrusion is an intrusion into the Marapicu-Gericinó-Mendanha massif. This massif is formed by two alkaline bodies: Marapicu and Mendanha both making part of the Cretaceous Poços de Caldas-Cabo Frio magmatic lineament located in the Southeastern region of Brazil. This lineament includes tens of Cretaceous alkaline bodies and has a WNW-ESE trend. The most abundant rocks in the massif are plutonic nepheline syenites and syenites and also phonolitic rocks characterized for shallow intrusions as a dike. Besides these rocks were sampling two rocks with chemistry characteristcs of parental magma (basanite tefrite and phonolitic tefrite), nevertheless, this samples have not relationship with the others. There is also a nepheline syenite having blue sodalite as a feldspatoid called nepheline sodalite syenite. Between sampled fonolites to this work there is only sample including melanita garnet in his mineralogy assemblage and them called melanita fonolite. Chemically the Marapicu massif rocks forming an alkaline series SiO2-undersatured predominantly miaskitic and metaluminous. This series presents both potassic and sodic suites being the first one in greater content. Geochemistry data shows that evolution process involved fractional crystallization with or without continental crust assimilation and also indicates that this alkaline magma was generating into the enriched mantle source. Two crystallization age were obtained for Marapicu: 40Ar/39Ar age in hornblende of 80.46 0.58 Ma and U-Pb age in zircon of 78.0 2.1 Ma. The presented data together with literature data pointing for two geodynamic models responsible by the generation of Brazilian alkaline bodies. The first one consider there is a mantellic plume from asthenosphere, the second is based on the hypotheses of crustal flexure and consider that sedimentary charge on the continental platform would make deep fails which the magma ascending. The present work came to contribute on understanding of Brazilian alkaline bodies emplacement through the specific study of Marapicu in conjunct with literature data

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Montecinos, Muñoz Patricio Rodrigo. "Edad y Petrogénesis del Magmatismo Oligoceno-Mioceno de los Andes de Chile Central a los 33°S: Implicación Geodinámica para el Margen de América del Sur." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/102999.

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Weisshaar, Rainer. "Isotopengeochemie des Heidelberger Neckarschwemmfächers U/Th-Ungleichgewichte und Pb-Isotopie quartärer klastischer Sedimente /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961602279.

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Blackburn, Terrence (Terrence Joseph). "Integrating high-precision U-Pb geochronologic data with dynamic models of earth processes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78366.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2012. This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references. Radioisotopic dating can provide critical constraints for understanding the rates of tectonic, dynamic and biologic processes operating on our planet. Improving the interpretation and implementation of geochronologic data by coupling it with numerical modeling studies is the central theme of this thesis. Each chapter works to address a variety of problems in the Earth sciences. In each study, the interpretation of geochronologic data is aided with a numerical model that simulates the long-term behavior and/or initial conditions of the U-Pb system and provides an effective means of exploring the parameters that influence a calculated date. The record provided by geochronologic data is then coupled with models to quantitatively determine rates of geologic process on Earth. This approach permits geochronologic data to move beyond just establishing a relative time line of events. Using this dual modeling approach, Chapters 2-5 work to measure the long-term cooling and erosion rate of the lithosphere, specifically constraining the time scales and rate of transition between the stages of mountain belt formation and stability. Chapter six works to constrain the timing and duration of Central Atlantic Magmatic Province flood basalt volcanism and its relationship to the end Triassic mass extinction. The seventh and final chapter uses high precision U-Pb geochronology to evaluate the reliability of an Ar-Ar standard often used as a fluence monitor. The overall focus of this thesis has been to push the envelope of geochronologic precision and accuracy while coupling the data with modeling studies to yield new insight into Earth systems. by Terrence Blackburn. Ph.D.

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Stangroom, Amber M. "High-precision U/Pb dating of the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary Kaiparowits Plateau, Utah." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114340.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2012. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (pages 33-40). The massive marine species turnover at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary is associated with Oceanic Anoxic Event 11 (OAE II) and is often identified by an increase of a13C in the carbon isotopic record. A high-precision chronology of the Cenomanian- Turonian boundary is needed to better constrain the cause, timing, and extent of OAE II. To create such a timeline, four bentonite samples from the Kaiparowits Plateau, Utah were dated using U/Pb geochronology. The Cenomanian-Turonian boundary is constrained to be 94.040 ± 0.029/0.098/0.14 Ma, in agreement with recent astrochronologic studies of the same time period. This research will help improve the calibration of the astronomical time scale, as well as provide a greater understanding of the Cretaceous environment.. by Amber M. Stangroom. S.B.

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Voll, Karin. "Determinação isotópica pelo método U-Pb em zircão com aplicação em padrões geológicos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.01.D.18503.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Geociências, 2015. Submitted by Ana Cristina Barbosa da Silva (annabds@hotmail.com) on 2015-07-08T16:45:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_KarinVoll.PDF: 4905631 bytes, checksum: b7a394b1a6865c28203055e010c807de (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2015-08-14T15:34:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_KarinVoll.PDF: 4905631 bytes, checksum: b7a394b1a6865c28203055e010c807de (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-14T15:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_KarinVoll.PDF: 4905631 bytes, checksum: b7a394b1a6865c28203055e010c807de (MD5) Datações in situ de U-Pb em zircão são extremamente úteis pela sua rapidez na geração dos dados e relativas exatidão. Neste trabalho foram realizadas análises de U-Th-Pb com uso do método LA-MC-ICPMS em cristais de zircão imageados por CL e SEM de amostras desconhecidas e padrão interno de referência (PAD1) em seu estado natural e submetidos a um tratamento térmico a 1000ºC por 48 horas. A reprodutibilidade, exatidão e precisão dos dados isotópicos foram controladas pelo uso de um padrão master GJ-1 e dois sub-padrões utilizados como amostras desconhecidas, 91500 e Mud Tank. Análise das imagens de cristais de zircão do padrão interno (PAD1) e das amostras Jaú6 e Paranã2 mostram que os cristais em seu estado natural apresentam cores mais escuras e maiores imperfeições, enquanto os cristais tratados termicamente mostram um padrão mais límpido e cores azuladas devido a mudanças na estrutura molecular do zircão. Os resultados obtidos do padrão GJ-1 conferem incertezas de 207Pb/206Pb = 0,37% e 206Pb/238U = 0,92% (2σ) e razões bem próximas àquelas obtidas por ID-TIMS. O sub-padrão 91500 apresentou resultados isotópicos confiáveis, com idade média de 1066±14Ma (incerteza = 1,3%, 2σ, 95% de conf., n=60), enquanto o sub-padrão Mud Tank apresentou erros analíticos elevados e não é recomendado para utilização como sub-padrão nas condições operacionais deste trabalho. Os resultados do PAD1 são similares tanto para amostra natural como para tratada termicamente com idades de 710±12Ma e 711±15Ma, respectivamente. Observa-se que tanto os cristais naturais (PAD1-a), como aqueles aquecidos termicamente (PAD1-bb) com concentrações maiores de Pb (12-15ppm) e de U (70-95ppm) são os que apresentam o menor erro individual nas razões de 207Pb/206Pb e 206Pb/238U. As amostras Jaú6 e Paranã2 apresentam idades um pouco mais elevadas quando tratadas termicamente e com razões de 206Pb/238U menores quando comparadas com as mesmas razões da amostra natural. Tal fato sugere que há uma modificação na estrutura do zircão quando aquecido sendo assim detectável com o uso do método LA-MC-ICPMS. Estudos complementares como análise espectroscópica de Raman e aplicação de abrasão química com HF nos zircões após o tratamento térmico poderão auxiliar no entendimento do processo de aquecimento e produzir dados com melhor resolução, com o emprego do método LA-ICP-MS. In situ U-Pb zircon dating is extremely useful due to the fast generated data and relative accuracy. This work presents U-Th-Pb analysis by LA-MC-ICPMS (Laser Ablation – Multi Collector – Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) method in unknown samples and an in house reference material (PAD1) in natural state and submitted to a high temperature treatment at 1000ºC for 48 hours, all imaged through CL and SEM. Data reproducibility, accuracy and precision were controlled by GJ-1 master standard and 91500 and Mud Tank as 2 sub-standards, used in unknown sample positions. In house standard (PAD1) and samples Jaú6 and Paranã2 image examination show that natural state crystals have darker brownish colors and bigger flaws, while annealed crystals show clearer patterns and lighter blue colors due to molecular structure changes on zircon crystals. The GJ-1 produced isotopic ratios similar to those generated by ID-TIMS analysis, with reproducibility of 0,37% for the 207Pb/206Pb ratio and 0,92% for the 206Pb/238U ratio (2σ). The 91500 yielded an age of 1066±14Ma (uncertainty = 1,3%, 2σ, 95% conf., n=60) whereas the Mud Tank standard had high analytical errors and cannot be regarded as a geological standard with the operational used in this work. PAD1 results are very close for both the natural and the annealed samples, with 710±12Ma e 711±15Ma ages, respectively. On both samples, crystals with higher Pb (12-15pmm) and U (70-95ppm) concentrations show smaller individual error on 207Pb/206Pb and 206Pb/238U ratios. Annealed portions of Jaú6 and Paranã2 samples both showed older ages and smaller 206Pb/238U ratios in comparison with unannealed samples. This suggests that there is a laser ablation detectable structural modification on the annealed zircon structure. Further studies, using chemical abrasion as an addition to the annealing and Raman spectroscopy, can provide better understanding on the annealing process and improve the data resolution, using the LA-MC-ICPMS method.

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Hund, Erik A. "U-Pb dating of granites from the Charlotte belt of the southern Appalachians." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45758.

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New U-Pb zircon ages from plutons in the Charlotte belt of the southern Appalachians have provided evidence of Cambro-Ordovician and Siluro-Devonian magmatic activity. Several U-Pb zircon ages of Cambro-Ordovician plutons predate their Rb-Sr whole rock ages by as much as 60 m.y., suggesting a post emplacement disturbance of the Rb-Sr isotopic systems. Comparison of geologic setting, chemistry, and temporal and spatial distribution of Charlotte belt Siluro-Devonian plutons with those of other tectonic environments, specifically plutons from tensional environments, suggests a model for strike-slip accretion. Master of Science

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Weißhaar, Rainer. "Isotopengeochemie des Heidelberger Neckarschwemmfächers Th/U-Ungleichgewichte und Pb-Isotopie quartärer klastischer Sedimente /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8986340.

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Montano, Damaris. "Carbonate U-Pb dating via LA-ICPMS : insights into chronostratigraphy in lacustrine settings." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS545.

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Les dépôts lacustres font l'objet d'études approfondies car ils sont propices à l’enregistrement des modifications de nombreux facteurs environnementaux (changement climatique, modification du couvert végétal…), et également car ils renferment des ressources en matière première de toute première importance. Cependant, les reconstructions chronostratigraphiques dans ces contextes sont généralement entravées par la rareté des données permettant d’établir l'âge des dépôts de manière continue. L'objectif principal de ce projet de thèse est d'examiner les avantages et les limites de la datation au carbonate U-Pb (LA-ICPMS) (méthode LAcarb) comme un nouvel outil chronostratigraphique pour les dépôts lacustres. Le deuxième objectif est d'étudier plus précisément le potentiel de datation de la méthode en analysant sa capacité à établir un âge avec résolution temporelle pertinente en fonction des différents types de carbonates et de minéralogies. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, plusieurs phases carbonatées (microbialites, ooides, oncoides) et ciments diagenétiques ont été collectés dans deux exemples lacustres fossiles ayant un âge absolu relativement bien établit: le Miocène du bassin du cratère Ries (SW Allemagne) et la formation Yacoraite (Crétacé-Paléogène) du bassin de Salta (NW de l'Argentine). Une étude sédimentologique et diagenétique s’appuyant sur des analyses pétrographiques et des isotopes stables de l’oxygène (O) de du carbone (C), a permis de sélectionner les phases carbonatées les plus précoces. Ce travail a été réalisé afin de maximiser les chances d’avoir préservé la composition géochimique originelle en U-Pb des fluides en présence lors du dépôt. Dans le bassin du cratère Ries, la méthode LAcarb a fourni des âges précis qui ont permis des corrélations chronostratigraphiques à une résolution temporelle de l’ordre de la séquence stratigraphique du 3e ordre (0,5 à 5 Ma). Dans le cadre de la formation Yacoraite, deux modèles d'âge ont été obtenus le long d'une coupe stratigraphique de référence. L'un est dérivé de la géochronologie des zircons extraits des dépôts de cendre volcaniques intercalés dans la formation Yacoraite (modèle d'âge maximum des dépôts; MDA). Le second est dérivé de la méthode LAcarb (modèle d'âge minimum des dépôts; MIDA). Les deux modèles se superposent remarquablement et permettent de décrire une même dynamique des taux de sédimentation avec une résolution temporelle d'environ 0,9 à 2% (2σ). L'âge des dépôts révisé pour la formation Yacoraite a ensuite été intégré dans un modèle chronostratigraphique combinant les données biostratigraphiques, hemiostratigraphiques et magnétostratigraphiques issues de la littérature. La localisation de la limite Crétacé-Paléogène (KPg) a bien été confortée dans la formation Yacoraite. De plus, la révision des âges de la partie sommitale de la formation Yacoraite a également permis de valider la localisation des deux phases hyperthermiques du Paléocène-Éocène (Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: PETM, et l’optimum climatique de l’Eocène; EECO) dans les deux formations sus-jacentes. Une analyse statistique a ensuite été réalisée sur la base des âges de 80 phases carbonatées de la formation Yacoraite. Les microbialites ont fourni les plus faibles succès en potentiel de datation (41 % d'âges cohérents avec le modèle MDA) ainsi que les plus basses précisions concernant l'âge (2σ <10 %). A l’inverse, les ciments lacustres ont été couronnés des meilleurs potentiels de datation (64 % d'âges cohérents avec le modèle MDA) avec des âges de meilleure précision. De plus, les phases dominées par la calcite ont généralement fourni des âges plus précis que les phases dolomitiques. Les avancées concernant les potentialités et les limites associées à la méthode LAcarb ont ainsi permis de proposer au travers de cette thèse une méthode complète pour construire un modèle d'âge robuste des dépôts en milieu lacustre. Les perspectives de ces travaux sont multiples, avec par exemple [...] Lacustrine deposits are extensively investigated because they play a pivotal role as environmental recorders and host valuable economic resources. However, chronostratigraphic reconstructions in these settings are usually hampered by the scarcity of data required to establish the depositional age of the system. The prime objective of this PhD project was examining benefits and limitations of carbonate U-Pb (LA-ICPMS) dating (LAcarb) as new chronostratigraphic tool for lacustrine deposits. The second objective was to investigate the dating potential, in terms of dating success and time resolution, of various carbonate types and mineralogies with the aim to better organize future LAcarb based research. To achieve these goals, depositional (microbialites, ooids, oncoids) and early diagenetic carbonate phases of known absolute age were collected from two lacustrine settings: the Ries Crater basin (Miocene, SW Germany) and the Yacoraite formation (Fm.) from the Salta rift basin (Cretaceous-Paleogene, NW Argentina). A sedimentologic and diagenetic study based on petrography and Oxygen (O) and Carbon (C) stable isotope analysis allowed to select carbonate phases that most possibly preserved the pristine U-Pb geochemical composition and consequently inform on the timing of deposition. In the Ries Crater basin, LAcarb provided accurate ages that allowed chronostratigraphic correlations at a time resolution of the 3rd order stratigraphic sequence (0.5–5Ma). In the framework of the Yacoraite Fm., two depositional age depth model were obtained along a stratigraphic section. One derived from zircon (ash layer) geochronology (maximum depositional age depth model; MDA depth model) and the other from LAcarb (minimum depositional age depth model; MIDA depth model). The two models remarkably overlap and describe the same sedimentation rate dynamic with a time resolution between 0.9 and 2% (2σ). The revised depositional age of the Yacoraite Fm. was then integrated in a chronostratigraphic model merging biostratigraphic, chemostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy data from literature. Accordingly, the KPg limit was interpreted to be located in the Yacoraite Fm. whereas the two Paleocene-Eocene hyperthermals (Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, PETM; early Eocene Climate Optimum, EECO) were identified in the two overlying formations. A statistical analysis was achieved based on the ages of 80 carbonate phases from the Yacoraite Fm. Microbialites provided the lowest dating success (41% ages consistent with the MDA depth model) and age precision (2σ < 10%) in contrast with lacustrine cements that yielded the highest dating success (64% ages consistent with MDA depth model) and age precision (2σ < 3%). Furthermore, calcitic phases usually provided more precise ages than dolomitic phases. The better comprehension of potentialities and limitations of LAcarb acquired in this PhD allowed to propose a workflow to build a robust depositional age depth model in lacustrine settings. Three possible perspective scenarios were introduced: 1) the study of the Ries Crater basin as analogue of paleolakes on Mars; 2) the use of LAcarb to select pristine carbonates for chronostratigraphic studies; and 3) basin scale chronostratigraphic correlations in the Yacoraite Fm

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Kawata, Marcelo Takei. "Evolução tectono-metamórfica da formação São Tomé, Grupo Rio Doce, faixa Araçuaí." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44141/tde-17072018-144805/.

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A presente dissertação apresenta uma investigação sobre a evolução tectono-metamórfica da Formação São Tomé, uma das unidades metassedimentares pertencente ao Grupo Rio Doce, no Orógeno Araçuaí. Essa unidade, de origem pelítica, ocorre em uma faixa com direção geral aproximadamente N-S, com vergência para NE, contrária ao cráton São Francisco neste setor do orógeno. Possui como litotipo principal quartzo-mica xisto, com proporções variadas de granada, estaurolita, sillimanita e plagioclásio. Duas fases deformacionais estão registradas através de uma foliação continua S1 do tipo clivagem de fratura e uma foliação S2 de clivagem de crenulação. As relações texturais indicam que parte das fases minerais se cristalizaram tanto durante o evento deformacional como em condições ausentes de tensão deviatórica, e registro de condições de pico metamórfico de 6 kbar e 650 °C. Os dados geocronológicos foram obtidos em monazita por meio de datações Th-UPb em microssonda eletrônica. Foram identificadas três populações distintas: (i) A população mais antiga de 641±32 Ma, 614±39 Ma e 607±47 Ma, a qual pode representar grãos detríticos de corpos ígneos, não mais aflorantes, relacionados a um possível estagio pré-colisional ou, tratar-se de monazitas metamórficas formadas em um primeiro evento térmico; (ii) População com idades intermediárias entre 560±32 Ma e 559±29 Ma, compatíveis com as idades do ápice metamórfico regional; (iii) População mais jovem de idades entre 501±28 Ma e 491±34 Ma, condizentes com a formação concomitante à geração dos corpos ígneos tardios. Ainda que não esteja esclarecido se essas idades estão relacionadas a eventos metamórficos distintos ou são reflexo da baixa taxa de resfriamento do orógeno, os três grupos de monazita com idades distintas estão bem estabelecidos. The present dissertation presents an investigation on the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the São Tomé Formation, one of the metasedimentary units belonging to the Rio Doce Group, in the Araçuaí Orogen. This unit, of pelitic origin, occurs in a band with general direction approximately N-S, with vergence for NE, contrary to the São Francisco craton in this sector of the orogen. It has quartz-mica schist as main lithotype, with varying proportions of grarnet, staurolite, sillimanite and plagioclase. Two deformational phases are recorded through a continuous foliation S1 of the fracture cleavage type and a foliation S2 of crenulation cleavage. The textural relations indicate that part of the mineral phases crystallized both during the deformational event and in conditions absent of deviatore voltage, and record of metamorphic peak conditions of 6 kbar and 650 ° C. The geochronological data were obtained in monazite by means of Th-U-Pb dating in electron microprobe. Three distinct populations were identified: (i) The oldest population of 641 ± 32 Ma, 614 ± 39 Ma and 607 ± 47 Ma, which may represent detrital grains of igneous bodies, no longer outcrops, related to a possible pre- collisional or, being metamorphic monazites formed in a first thermal event; (ii) Populations with intermediate ages between 560 ± 32 Ma and 559 ± 29 Ma, compatible with regional metamorphic apex ages; (iii) Younger population between 501 ± 28 Ma and 491 ± 34 Ma, consistent with the formation concomitant with the generation of late igneous bodies. Although it is unclear whether these ages are related to distinct metamorphic events or are reflective of the low orogenic cooling rate, the three monazite groups of different ages are well established.

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Suzuki, Kazuhiro, Mamoru Adachi, and Izumi Kajizuka. "Th, U and Pb analytical data of monazites used in the paper ”Electron microprobe observations of Pb diffusion in metamorphosed detrital monazite”." Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/2822.

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Lobato, Marcela de Carvalho. "Proveniência sedimentar do grupo São Fidélis, terreno oriental da Faixa Ribeira com base em dados U-Pb." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6425.

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O Domínio Costeiro integra o Terreno Oriental, no segmento central da Faixa Ribeira e abriga rochas ortoderivadas com afinidade de arcos magmáticos (Complexo Rio Negro, ca. 790-605 Ma). Os ortognaisses deste complexo possuem clara assinatura para ambientes de zonas de subducção, encaixados em rochas metassedimentares de alto grau, integrantes do Grupo São Fidélis. O conjunto acima descrito é ainda intrudido por várias de rochas granitóides sin a tardi- colisionais, relacionadas às várias etapas de desenvolvimento da Orogenia Brasiliana neste setor do orógeno (ca. 605-480 Ma). Idades U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS) em zircões detríticos de rochas quartzíticas do Grupo São Fidélis indicam um amplo espectro com modas significativas no Mesoproterozóico e Paleoproterozoico, além de zircões do Neoproterozóico e do Arqueano. Sinteticamente os resultados obtidos foram: a) Idades concordantes Arqueanas com ca. 2,85, 2,84 e 2,70 Ga; b) zircões Paleoproterozóicos (ca. 2,3 a 1,7 Ga), com máxima concentração em torno de ca. 2,2 Ga, representando a segunda maior moda; c) Idades Mesoproterozóicas (ca. 1,3 -1,1 Ga) com idades de espectro dominantes, com moda em ca. 1,5 Ga; d) Zircões Neoproterozóicos com idades de ca. 0,95-90 Ga e 0,86-0,61 Ga. Em vários grãos detríticos observou-se sobrecrescimento metamórfico em ca. 602-570 Ma. Dados U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS) obtidos para zircões para Ortognaisse Rio Grande e o Biotita Ortognaisse, intrudidos na unidade basal do Grupo São Fidélis, apresentam idades em ca. 620 Ma e são equivalentes ao período pré-colisional de geração de rochas do arco magmático Rio Negro. Combinando estas idades com os núcleos de zircões detríticos mais jovens, com assinatura do Arco Rio Negro em ca. 613 Ma, pode-se definir o intervalo máximo de sedimentação da unidade superior do Grupo São Fidélis no Neoproterozóico. Cristais de monazitas selecionadas para análise U-Pb (ID-TIMS) apresentam relações com os principais episódios tectono-metamórficos da Faixa Ribeira. Dois cristais de uma amostra quartzítica e dois do ortognaisse Rio Grande alinham-se em uma discórdia que gerou idade de 603 Ma, referente ao metamorfismo progressivo descrito na literatura, durante a Orogenia Brasiliana. Enquanto a idade concordante obtida em 535 Ma, adquirida em uma amostra quartzítica, é correspontente ao último metamorfismo colisional da Faixa Ribeira. The Costeiro domain integrates the Oriental terrane of the Ribeira belt that encompasses arc related rocks of the Rio Negro complex (ca. 790-605 Ma). These orthogneisses display a well documented subduction signature and are intruded on high-grade metassedimentary rocks of the São Fidélis group. Both units are crosscut by syn to late collisional granitoids related with the development of different stages of the Brasiliano Orogeny (ca. 605-480 Ma). U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS) data of detrital zircons from quartzites of the top unit of the São Fidélis group yielded a large spectrum of ages in the Mesoproterozoic and Paleoproterozoic, with subordinated grains in the Archaean and Neoproterozoic. In a synthetic resume, the results are: a) concordant Archean ages of the ca 2,85, 2,84 e 2.70 Ga; b) Paleoproterozoic zircons with maximum in ca. 2.2 Ga (second larger peak); c) Mesoproterozoic grains with two maximums at ca. 2.3 a 1.7 Ga and ca 1.5 Ga (larger peak); d) Neoproterozoic zircons of ca. 0.95-0.90 Ga and 0.86-0.61 Ga. The youngest detrital zircon of ca 613 Ma brackets the sedimentation of the top unit. In several zircons, metamorphic overprints (tips) were identified, with ages between ca. 602-570 Ma. Data from the Rio Grande and the biotite orthogneisses, previously interpreted as belonging to the syn-collisional granites and an homogeneous layer within the basal unit of the São Fidélis Group, rendered similar ages of ca. 620 Ma and are considered as equivalents of this unit. Connecting all the obtained data a possible interpretation is that the basal unit of the São Fidélis intruded by arc related rocks were the source area for the upper unit of the group that should be interpreted as coeval with the Rio Negro Arc evolution. U-Pb (ID-TIMS) of monazite crystals yielded the two metamorphic episodes detected at central Ribeira belt. Two monazites of a quartzite together with two crystals of the Rio Grande orthogneiss are discordant, with an upper intercept of ca. 603 Ma. On the other hand one monazite of the Rio Grande orthogneiss rendered the late metamorphic episode of the belt at ca. 535 Ma.

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Marsden, Ruby Connemara. "Further Development and Testing of the Combined U-Thdisequilibrium/ U-Pb and (U-Th)/He Zircon Dating Method and its Application to Quaternary Volcanic Rocks." Thesis, Curtin University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/88743.

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Volcanic eruptions that are <1 Ma are significant for geological and archaeological investigations, however these eruptions can be challenging to date. Zircon double-dating (ZDD) is one of the few techniques that can be used to date young volcanic rocks, and combines the (U-Th)/He method with individual zircon crystallisation ages to yield eruption ages. This thesis presents several methodological improvements to the ZDD methodology and applies it to two case studies.

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Gärtner, Andreas. "Geologic evolution of the Adrar Souttouf Massif (Moroccan Sahara) and its significance for continental-scaled plate reconstructions since the Mid Neoproterozoic." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-234103.

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Located in the south of the Moroccan Sahara, the Adrar Souttouf Massif is the northern continuation of the Mauritanides at the western margin of the West African Craton. The massif itself exhibits a complex polyphase geologic history and contains four geologically different, SSW-NNE trending main units named from west to east: Oued Togba, Sebkha Gezmayet, Dayet Lawda, Sebkha Matallah. They are thrusted over each other in thin-skinned nappes with local windows of the discordantly overlain Archaean Reguibat basement. The eastern margin of the massif is bordered by the Tiris and Tasiast-Tijirit areas of the Reguibat Shield as well as its (par-) autochthonous Palaeozoic cover sequence, termed Dhloat Ensour unit. More than 5.500 U-Th-Pb age determinations and over 1.000 Hf isotopic measurements on single zircon grains from igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks of all the massifs units and its vicinity have yet been obtained. Most of the zircons were studied with respect to their morphological features. This method improves the accuracy of provenance studies by detecting varying zircon morphologies in space and time. These data are accompanied by U-Th-Pb age determinations on apatite as well as rutile. Together, they allow proposing a model of the geologic evolution of this poorly mapped area for the last 635 Ma. A combination of the obtained data with extensive zircon age databases of the surrounding cratons and terranes facilitates continental-scaled palaeogeographic reconstructions. Regarding the geologic evolution of the Adrar Souttouf Massif, the assembly of the first units began prior to 635 Ma. Although containing all the major zircon age and Hf-isotope populations of the West African Craton as well as some Mesoproterozoic grains, the Sebkha Gezmayet unit lies to the west of the Dayet Lawda unit of oceanic island arc composition. Hence, the Sebkha Gezmayet unit must have been rifted away from the craton prior to the formation of the oceanic unit within the West African Neoproterozoic Ocean at about 635 Ma. Recently published Hf and zircon age data of this unit suggest that the island arc was derived from a juvenile mantle source. Subsequently, the accretion of precursors of the Oued Togba and Sebkha Gezmayet units as well as a partial obduction of the oceanic Dayet Lawda unit and the Neoproterozoic sediments of a foreland basin (Sebkha Matallah unit) onto the Reguibat Shield took place. Peak metamorphism in the obducted oceanic rocks was reached at about 605 Ma. Magmatism in the western units between 610 and 570 Ma suggests on-going tectonic activity. The Early and Middle Cambrian is characterised by the erosion of the Ediacaran orogen and deposition of thick sedimentary sequences at the Sebkha Matallah unit, which acted as foreland basin. These sediments show a mostly West African zircon record with only some Mesoproterozoic grains provided by the westernmost parts of the massif. Initial rifting of the Oued Togba and Sebkha Gezmayet units from the remaining areas presumably occurred during the Late Cambrian. Coeval granitoid intrusions occurred on both sides of the rift. The two rifted units were likely involved to the polyphased Appalachian orogenies, which is emphasised by Devonian magmatism. Thus, and with respect to the isotopic data, the Oued Togba unit is interpreted to be of Avalonia affinity, while the Sebkha Gezmayet unit can likely be linked to Meguma. The units which remained at the West African Craton underwent intense sediment recycling during the entire Ordovician to Devonian times. Final accretion of all units and formation of the current massif was achieved during the Variscan-Alleghanian orogeny. This was accompanied by magmatism in the Sebkha Gezmayet unit and intense metamorphism of the Reguibat basement, whose zircons often show lower discordia intercepts of Carboniferous or Permian age. The post-Variscan period is characterised by erosion of the orogen and subjacent alternating cycles of sedimentation and deflation. The Adrar Souttouf Massifs importance for palaeogeographic reconstructions is given by the striking differences in the zircon age and Hf-isotope record of its westernmost Oued Togba unit and the remaining area. The results obtained from the Oued Togba unit resemble the published data of the Avalonia type terranes including prominent Mesoproterozoic, Ediacaran-Early Cambrian, as well as Early Devonian age populations. Many Mesoproterozoic zircons, which are exotic for the West African Craton prior to 635 Ma, form a ca. 1.20 to 1.25 Ga age peak that is an excellent tracer for detrital provenance studies and source craton identification of the sedimentary rocks. This is also valid for some sedimentary samples that do not show ages younger than 700 Ma, but large quantities of Mesoproterozoic zircon. These rocks can be correlated to similar sediments in Mauritania and W-Avalonia and are thought to be of pre-pan-African", i.e. pre-Ediacaran or even pre-Cryogenian age. They may give direct insights to the source area in Early to Mid Neoproterozoic times. Accordingly, comparison with published data of Amazonia and Baltica, allows setting up new hypotheses for the pre-Ediacaran history of the Avalonian type terranes. Lacking of magmatism in Amazonia between ca. 1200 and ca. 1300 Ma favours Baltica as source craton for the Avalonian terranes and requires a new point of view for the Neoproterozoic palaeogeography.

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Albardeiro, Luís José de Sousa. "Aplicação da geocronologia U-Pb em zircão a areias e rochas do substrato do litoral do sudoeste de Portugal: implicações para a proveniência, dinâmica sedimentar e história geológica da região." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18275.

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O presente estudo de proveniência sedimentar baseia-se na geocronologia U-Pb em zircão da areia de praia (Areias Brancas, Aberta Nova e São Torpes) e, das rochas que constituem as arribas adjacentes, junto ao Cabo de Sines (grauvaques do Grupo do Flysch do Baixo Alentejo, areias da Bacia de Alvalade e sienitos do Maciço de Sines). As populações de zircão detrítico dos grauvaques carbónicos amostrados neste estudo distribuem-se principalmente pelo Neoproterozoico (ca. 844-548 Ma), derivando de fontes localizadas no bloco continental de Gondwana (Zona de Ossa-Morena). O restante flysch inclui outras fontes que podem ser atribuídas à Laurússia e a um suposto arco insular devónico; estas fontes estão relacionadas com a formação do supercontinente Pangeia (Orogenia Varisca). As idades dos zircões ígneos dos sienitos do Maciço de Sines (ca. 87-74 Ma) indicam a presença de três episódios de cristalização durante ca. 13 Ma no Cretácico Superior e as idades obtidas indicam que este Maciço é contemporâneo do magmatismo alcalino intraplaca representado pelo Maciço de Sintra. Nas areias das arribas plio-pleistocénicas da Bacia de Alvalade predominam zircões paleozoicos (ca. 541-277 Ma); são provenientes de fontes localizadas a norte (soco pré-Mesozoico da Zona Centro-Ibérica e do Eocénico-Miocénico da Bacia do Baixo Tejo), a leste (zonas de Ossa- Morena e Sul Portuguesa) e a oeste (Zona Sul Portuguesa, Triásico da Bacia do Alentejo e Maciço de Sines). Estas fontes foram expostas em resultado do rejuvenescimento do relevo por efeito da tectónica Alpina. A areia holocénica de praia, amostrada a norte do Cabo de Sines, é caracterizada pela predominância de zircões paleozoicos tal como acontece na areia plio-pleistocénica das arribas adjacentes. Na areia holocénica de praia colhida a sul do Cabo de Sines predominam os zircões cretácicos (ca. 95-73 Ma) provenientes do Maciço de Sines; esta diferenciação de fontes está relacionada com a dinâmica litoral atual; ABSTRACT: This sedimentary provenance study is based on U-Pb geochronology of zircon extracted from beach sand (Areias Brancas, Aberta Nova and São Torpes) and sea cliffs rocks around Sines Cape (Baixo Alentejo Flysch Group greywacke, Alvalade Basin sands and Sines Massif syenites). The populations of detrital zircon from the Carboniferous greywackes (this study) are mainly distributed over the interval ca. 844-548 Ma (Neoproterozoic); they derived from sources located in Gondwana (Ossa-Morena Zone). The rest of the flysch deposits include other sources that can be attributed to Laurussia and to a supposed Devonian island arc. These sources are related to the formation of the supercontinent Pangaea (Variscan Orogeny). The ages of igneous zircons from Sines syenites (ca. 87-74 Ma) reveal three crystallization episodes during a period of ca. 13 Ma in the Upper Cretaceous; the ages obtained indicate that the Sines Massif is coeval with the Sintra Massif representing a major event of intra-plate alkaline magmatism in Iberia. Paleozoic detrital zircons (ca. 541-277 Ma) are dominant on the Plio-Pleistocene sands (Alvalade Basin) forming the sea cliffs; they derived from sources located in the north (the pre- Mesozoic basement of the Central-Iberian Zone and the Eocene-Miocene of the Lower Tagus Basin), east (areas of Ossa-Morena and South Portuguese zones) and west (South Portuguese Zone, Triassic Alentejo Basin and Sines Massif). These sources were exposed as a result of landscape rejuvenation during Alpine tectonics. The population of detrital zircons from the Holocene beach sand sampled north of the Sines Cape is dominated by Paleozoic grains as in Plio-Pleistocene sand forming the adjacent sea- cliffs. In the beach sand sampled south of the Sines Cape, Cretaceous zircons are dominant (ca. 95-73 Ma) and probably derived from the Sines Massif; this variation in sources is related to modern littoral dynamics.

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Rossoni, Marco Bimkowski. "Geocronologia U-Pb em zircões do Complexo Carbonatítico Seis Lagos e depósito de Nb associado (Amazonas, Brasil)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/156431.

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O depósito do Morro dos Seis Lagos (DMSL) é o maior depósito de Nb até hoje encontrado. A mineralização é laterítica, ocorrendo associada ao corpo principal do Complexo Carbonatítico Seis Lagos (CCSL). Este trabalho apresenta resultados da datação U-Pb (por MC-ICP-MS com LASER acoplado) de zircões de sete amostras abrangendo todos os tipos litológicos conhecidos no CCSL/DMSL: rocha encaixante (gnaisse), veio de feldspato na encaixante, siderita carbonatito (3 amostras) e crostas ferruginosas mineralizadas em Nb (2 amostras). Os zircões do gnaisse e do veio de feldspato forneceram idades de, respectivamente, 1.826 ± 9 Ma e 1.839 ± 29 Ma, as quais mostram que a litofácies Tarsira do Complexo Cauaburi (o embasamento do Domínio Imeri na Província Rio Negro) é de 16 Ma a 29 Ma mais antiga do que o anteriormente suposto. Os zircões de duas amostras de carbonatito forneceram idades de 1.837 ± 8 Ma e 1.841 ± 7 Ma, as mais antigas encontradas no Domínio Imeri no Brasil, interpretadas como relacionadas a rochas profundas, cujos zircões foram capturados pelo magma carbonatitico durante sua ascensão A idade de 1.818 ± 8 Ma obtida em zircões da crosta pisolítica indica que o Complexo Cauaburi foi uma importante fonte para os clastos presentes nesta crosta. A idade de 1.873 ± 70 em zircões da crosta fragmentada pode indicar que rochas mais antigas, de outra provincia, também participaram como fonte de clastos para a cobertura laterítica do CCSL. Os zircões de uma amostra de carbonatito da parte central do corpo forneceram duas idades: 1.841 ± 7 Ma e 1.457 ± 71 Ma. Esta última idade é interpretada como a idade máxima do CCSL. Análises por microssonda eletrônica indicam que os zircões mesoproterozoicos têm alguma afinidade com carbonatito. A possibilidade do CCSL ter uma idade mesoproterozoica é discutida à luz do atual conhecimento da evolução geológica da Província Rio Negro, concluindo-se por uma relação com a evolução do Cinturão K’Mudku. The Morro dos Seis Lagos deposit (MSLD) is the world’s largest Nb-deposit. The lateritic mineralization occurs associated to the major body of the Seis Lagos Carbonatite Complex (SLCC). This paper presents results of U-Pb dating (by MC-ICP-MS, coupled to LASER) of zircons from seven samples that cover all of the known lithotypes in the SLCC/MSLD: host rock (gneiss), feldspar/kaolin intercalation in the host rock, siderite carbonatite (3 samples), and ferriferous Nb-mineralized crust (2 samples). Zircons from the gneiss and the feldspathic vein provided ages of 1.826 ± 9 Ma and 1.839 ± 29 Ma, respectively, which implies that the lithofacies Tarsira of the Cauaburi Complex (the basement of the Imeri Domain in the Rio Negro Province) is 16 Ma to 29 Ma older than previously supposed. Zircons from two carbonatite samples provided ages of 1.837 ± 8 Ma and 1.841 ± 7 Ma which are interpreted as ages of deeper host rocks whose zircons were extracted by the rising carbonatitic magma The age of 1.818 ± 8 Ma obtained in zircons from the pisolitic crust indicate the Cauaburi Complex as the main source of clasts for this crust. The age of 1.873 ± 70 in zircons from the fragmented crust may indicate that rocks from another province older than the Rio Negro Province also contributed as source of clasts to the SLCC lateritic cover. The zircons of a carbonatite sample from the central part of the carbonatite body yield two ages: 1.841 ± 7 Ma and 1.457 ± 71 Ma. The late age is interpreted as the maximum age of the SLCC. Analysis by electron microprobe reveals some evidences that the mid-Proterozoic zircons could be carbonatite zircons. The possible age of 1.457 Ma for the SLCC is discussed in view of the present knowledge on the geology of the Rio Negro Province; a relation with the evolution of the K'Mudku Belt is prognosticated.

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Voice, Peter James. "The Global Detrital Zircon Database: Quantifying the Timing and Rate of Crustal Growth." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27785.

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Published detrital zircon geochronological data was compiled to form the Global Detrital Zircon Database (GDZDb). This database provides a reference block for provenance analysis by future detrital zircon geochronological studies. This project entailed three subprojects: 1. crustal growth/crustal recycling patterns, 2. a provenance study of the Triassic Dry Fork Formation of the Danville-Dan River Rift basin of Virginia and North Carolina, and 3. sample size issues in detrital zircon studies. The global detrital zircon age frequency distribution exhibits six prominent, statistically significant peaks: 3.2-3.0, 2.7-2.5, 2.0-1.7, 1.2-1.0, 0.7-0.5, and 0.3-0.1 Ga. These peaks are also observed when the data is sorted for continent of origin, the tectonic setting of the host sediment and for modern river sediments. Hf isotope model ages were also incorporated into the database where grains were dated with both U-Pb and Hf isotopes. The Hf isotope model ages suggest that the majority of detrital zircons U-Pb ages reflect crustal recycling events that generated granitic magmatism, as most grains exhibited Hf isotope ages that are much older than the corresponding U-Pb age. The Triassic Dry Fork Formation was sampled from a site in southern Virginia in the Danville-Dan River Basin. The detrital zircon age frequency distribution for this formation was strongly unimodal with a peak at 400-450 Ma and a paucity of Grenville-age zircons. Comparison of the Dry Fork sample to published east coast data and to the North American record (from the GDZDb) illustrate the unusual nature of the Dry Fork Formation sample. It is probable that older Grenville zircons were blocked from the rift valley by the rift shoulder. Using the GDZDb a study of sample size was conducted in order to estimate the best sample size to use when trying to constrain the maximum age of sedimentation of the host sediment. Rift basins and active margins exhibited smaller offsets from the youngest zircon grain age to host sediment maximum age than observed in samples from passive margins. This study recommends that at least 50 grains need to be age dated on average in order to best constrain the age of the host sediment. Ph. D.

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Loehn, Clayton William. "Investigation of the monazite chemical dating technique." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27688.

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In order to evaluate the electron microprobe (EMP) method for chemical dating of monazite, we chemically analyzed selected suites of monazite grains that were previously dated by standard U/Pb isotopic methods at three laboratories each equipped with a sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP). Representing diverse igneous and metamorphic lithologies, these grains yielded conventional isotopic ages ranging in age from Neoarchean to Devonian. Chemical dating was performed at Virginia Tech using a Cameca SX-50 EMP in which the analytical routines and settings were specifically optimized for monazite geochronology, including correction of analytical peaks for all major spectral interferences and correction of peak intensities for local background emission. Placement of cross-grain analytical traverses was based on backscattered electron (BSE) images together with wavelength-dispersive (WD) generated X-ray maps for Y, Th, U, and Ca, which revealed the internal compositional complexity of each grain. Shorter EMP traverses were selected adjacent to each SHRIMP pit in order to provide the best possible comparison of ages obtained by the two dating methods. Synthesis protocol for key elemental measurements (Y, Th, U, and Pb) was developed utilizing the 1Ï elemental errors associated with individual analyses, providing an objective approach for data synthesis. Analytical dates were either accepted or excluded based on analytical and spatial justifications. Isotopic dating techniques utilize three independent age calculations, provided the sample is old enough to have accumulated sufficient 207Pb (i.e., â ¥~1000 Ma). Similarly, the chemical dating method can utilize two independent age calculations (i.e., Th/Pb and U/Pb) and a U-Th-Pbtotal centroid age in Th/Pb vs. U/Pb space, verified independently against the calculated Th* or U* CHIME ages. Across the entire 2,200 m.y. age range represented by the sample set, the chemical ages calculated from the EMP data chemical ages are internally consistent (within 2Ï error) with the previously measured SHRIMP isotopic ages, except in one case where bulk mixing of discrete age domains within an ablation pit led to an isotopically discordant apparent age. Overall, this study illustrates that EMP chemical dating (1) represents both an accurate and precise primary method for dating monazite from igneous and polymetamorphic terrains; (2) provides superior spatial resolution for obtaining meaningful ages from small and/or irregular domains of discrete age that may be irresolvable or misinterpreted by other dating techniques that sample larger volumes; and (3) illuminates the geological meaning of isotopically discordant monazite ages obtained using conventional methods with lower spatial resolution (e.g., SHRIMP). Ph. D.

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Pepper, Martin Bailey. "Magmatic History and Crustal Genesis of South America: Constraints from U-Pb Ages and Hf Isotopes of Detrital Zircons in Modern Rivers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347220.

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South America provides an outstanding laboratory for studies of magmatism and crustal evolution because it contains older Archean-Paleoproterozoic cratons that amalgamated during Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic supercontinent assembly, as well as a long history of Andean magmatism that records crustal growth and reworking in an accretionary orogen. We have attempted to reconstruct the growth and evolution of South America through U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope analyses of detrital zircons from 59 samples of sand from modern rivers and shorelines. Results from 5,524 new U-Pb ages and 1,199 new Hf isotope determinations are reported. We have also integrated our data into a compilation of all previously published zircon geochronologic and Hf isotopic information, yielding a record that includes>42,000 ages and>1,600 Hf isotope analyses. These data yield five main conclusions: (1) South America has an age distribution that is similar to most other continents, presumably reflecting the supercontinent cycle, with maxima at 2.2-1.8 Ga, 1.6-0.9 Ga, 700-400 Ma, and 360-200 Ma; (2)<200 Ma magmatism along the western margin of South America has age maxima at 183 Ma (191-175 Ma), 151 Ma (159-143 Ma), 126 Ma (131-121 Ma), 109 Ma (114-105 Ma), 87 Ma (95-79 Ma), 62 Ma (71-53 Ma), 39 Ma (43-35 Ma), 19 Ma (23-15 Ma), and 6 Ma (10-2 Ma); (3) for the past 200 Ma, there appears to be a positive correlation between magmatism and the velocity of convergence between central South America and Pacific oceanic plates; (4) Hf isotopes record reworking of older crustal materials during most time periods, with incorporation of juvenile crustal materials at ~1.6-1.0 Ga, 500-400 Ma and ~200-100 Ma; and (5) the Hf isotopic signature of<200 Ma magmatism is apparently controlled by the generation of juvenile magmas during extensional tectonism and reworking of juvenile versus evolved crustal materials during crustal thickening and arc migration.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'U-Pb'

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