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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ubiquitous Computing Environments

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ubiquitous Computing Environments'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ubiquitous Computing Environments"

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Barbosa, Jorge Luis Victória, Débora Nice Ferrari Barbosa, and André Wagner. "Learning in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 8, no. 3 (July 2012): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicte.2012070108.

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The application of ubiquitous technologies in the improvement of education strategies is called Ubiquitous Learning. GlobalEdu is a model created to support ubiquitous learning. The model has the necessary support to implement learning-related functionalities in ubiquitous environments. The basic ubiquitous computing support must be supplied by a middleware where GlobalEdu lays atop. This article proposes the GlobalEdu model and its integration with two ubiquitous middlewares: ISAM and LOCAL. ISAM supports the creation of large-scale ubiquitous systems. As such, its integration with GlobalEdu results in large-scale ubiquitous learning environments. LOCAL is dedicated to create small-scale ubiquitous learning environments. The integration GlobalEdu/LOCAL results in a local ubiquitous learning environment. Based on this small-scale environment, the authors’ created a system and applied it in a practical scenario involving the community of a Computer Engineering undergraduate course. The system was positively evaluated by 20 individuals and the initial results attest the system’s usefulness.

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SATOH, I. "Mobile Applications in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." IEICE Transactions on Communications E88-B, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 1026–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietcom/e88-b.3.1026.

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Park, Min-Ho, Ju-Hyung Son, and Seung-Woo Seo. "Anonymous Communication in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." Wireless Personal Communications 56, no. 1 (November 28, 2009): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-009-9884-z.

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Al-Roubaiey, Anas, and M. AL-Rhman Alkhiaty. "QoS-Aware Middleware for Ubiquitous Environment: A Review and Proposed Solution." Journal of Computational Engineering 2014 (March 19, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/725960.

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Ubiquitous computing has introduced a new era of computing. Compared to traditional distributed systems, ubiquitous computing systems feature increased dynamism and heterogeneity. In traditional computing environments (mainframe and PC), users actively choose to interact with computers. Ubiquitous computing applications are likely to be different, where computing systems are available anywhere but not visible. The underlying ubiquitous computing infrastructures are more complex and bring up many issues. In this work we survey the literature to demonstrate, in detail, the characteristics and the challenges of the ubiquitous computing as well as the requirements for building ubiquitous software that brings these characteristics into reality. Furthermore we present some existing middleware solutions for ubiquitous environments, and propose our middleware-based architecture to facilitate the user interaction in such environment. To the best of our knowledge this is the first work proposing DDS-based solution for ubiquitous computing as a unified middleware.

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Satoh, Ichiro. "Location-based services in ubiquitous computing environments." International Journal on Digital Libraries 6, no. 3 (April 7, 2006): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00799-006-0006-1.

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Park, Kyung-Lang, Uram H. Yoon, and Shin-Dug Kim. "Personalized Service Discovery in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." IEEE Pervasive Computing 8, no. 1 (January 2009): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mprv.2009.12.

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Abawajy, J. H. "Human‐computer interaction in ubiquitous computing environments." International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications 5, no. 1 (April 3, 2009): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17427370910950311.

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Hansen, Kai. "Designing responsive environments through User Experience research." International Journal of Architectural Computing 14, no. 4 (September 26, 2016): 372–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077116670745.

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Ubiquitous computing systems are changing the way retail environments are being designed. With increasing frequency, User Experience designers leveraging ubiquitous computing systems that observe and respond to user behaviors are assuming roles once held exclusively by architects. As these systems continue their growth, designers of environments will need to acknowledge the underlying role of experience designer and embrace User Experience methodologies. We will discuss how ubiquitous computing has been leveraged in our research, and our position on how these systems are impacting the design of retail environments, illustrated by several examples of User Experience research projects, informing the experience design of retail environments.

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Moon, Aekyung, Hyoungsun Kim, Hyun Kim, and Soowoo Lee. "Context-Aware Active Services in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." ETRI Journal 29, no. 2 (April 9, 2007): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.07.0106.0075.

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Tacconi, David, Daniele Miorandi, Iacopo Carreras, Francesco De Pellegrini, and Imrich Chlamtac. "Cooperative evolution of services in ubiquitous computing environments." ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems 6, no. 3 (September 2011): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2019583.2019587.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ubiquitous Computing Environments"

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Gonzalez, Duque Oscar Fredy. "Behaviour enforcement in ubiquitous computing environments." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510582.

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Song, Xiang. "Seamless mobility in ubiquitous computing environments." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24671.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Ramachandran, Umakishore; Committee Member: Ahamad, Mustaque; Committee Member: Edwards, Keith; Committee Member: Liu, Ling; Committee Member: Suh, Sang-bum

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Tandler, Peter. "Synchronous Collaboration in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/506/1/Tandler-Thesis-BEACH.pdf.

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Ubiquitous computing environments offer a wide range of devices in many different shapes and sizes, creating new possibilities for interaction. In the context of meetings and teamwork situations, it is desirable to take advantage of their different properties for synchronous collaboration. Besides providing an adapted user interface, this requires the software to be designed for synchronous access to shared information using heterogeneous devices with different interaction characteristics. The handling of these requirements poses challenges for software developers. As this field is still emerging and no mature models, tools, and standards are at hand, developers have to create their own solutions from scratch. The goal of this thesis is to provide guidance and support for developers of synchronous groupware applications for ubiquitous computing environments. They have to be enabled to develop applications more efficiently and with the flexibility and extensibility that is required for ubiquitous computing. The development effort can be reduced effectively if support for developers is provided at several levels. Developers need assistance when creating models of the applications to be developed, when choosing an appropriate architecture, when creating the design, and finally when implementing. This implies that an architecture-driven, model-based development approach should be followed. While the implementation of a single synchronous UbiComp application still requires research, the development of appropriate development support is even more challenging. Common properties of ubiquitous computing applications have to be identified. Future developments and extensions have to be predicted. Requirements of different research areas have to be fulfilled. Addressing these aspects, the goal of this dissertation is accomplished by providing extensions to the state of the art at four levels: A conceptual model of synchronous UbiComp applications defines a high-level structure for applications that ensures reusability and extensibility of developed software components. It identifies separation of concerns, degree of coupling and sharing, and level of abstraction as the three main design dimensions of these applications. The conceptual model provides two key contributions to the state of the art. First, it proposes the strict separation of user interface and interaction concerns orthogonal to the level of abstraction that is not found in current HCI models. This is a crucial extension of HCI models that is required in the context of ubiquitous computing. Second, it introduces a new view on the concept of sharing. By applying the CSCW concept of sharing in the context of ubiquitous computing, sharing user interface, interaction, and environment state becomes relevant. Thereby, the concept of sharing as known from CSCW can be extended to function as a guiding principle for UbiComp application design. This novel design approach helps ensuring the extensibility and flexibility that is required in ubiquitous computing. A flexible software architecture identifies essential abstractions that support the development of synchronous applications in “roomware” environments. Roomware refers to the integration of room elements with information technology, such as interactive tables, walls, or chairs. Roomware environments represent one form of ubiquitous computing environment. They are used in this thesis as an application context for the conceptual model. The software architecture refines the conceptual model to meet the needs of roomware environments. An object-oriented application framework that has been designed and implemented provides a reusable design and reusable software components. Furthermore, extensibility is supported by explicit mechanisms that are provided to allow adaptability for variable aspects of applications. Thus, the application framework helps developers with the design and implementation. To show how model, architecture, and framework can be applied, the design of sample roomware applications is explained. To demonstrate the extensibility, several new forms of interaction that are required for roomware environments are implemented. The developed applications and interaction forms are used in i-LAND, the roomware environment at Fraunhofer IPSI. Besides being a contribution on their own, the developed applications and new forms of interaction provide evidence that the conceptual model effectively supports developers in meeting the requirements of roomware environments. They show that the model helps reduce the implementation effort when accompanied by appropriate software development tools such as the application framework. The conceptual model, software architecture, and application framework presented in this thesis relieve software developers from the burden of handling all details of multiple interaction forms, and of many critical issues when dealing with synchronous collaboration. By these means, the developer can concentrate on the task at hand designing software at an appropriately high abstraction level, and thus create applications with a higher quality that are flexibly extensible.

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Zeidler, Andreas. "A Distributed Publish/Subscribe Notification Service for Pervasive Environments." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/diss/000519.

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Ransom, Stefan. "Managing security and dependability in ubiquitous computing environments." Lübeck Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1002133211/34.

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Jacobsen, Kristoffer. "Organizing Mobile Work Processes in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9262.

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This thesis explores the domain of ubiquitous computing and relates situations of mobile work to Virtual Organizations (VOs). Motivated by the work performed by the MOWAHS project, this thesis aims to contribute in understanding virtual organizations, and in continuously assessing and improving the work processes within these. Emerging technologies enable improved sensing of users, actions, wishes and requirements which can be utilized for facilitating situated activities in dynamic organizations. Taking an organizational approach to the subject we aim to describe new ways of coordinating actors automatically in these environments based on context information from the surroundings. Through analysis of simple mobile work scenarios, we can extract knowledge of how different situations of mobile work demand coordination. This is used as method for identifying the importance of work process information in monitoring coordination. We provide an architecture proposition for a coordination module and suggestions to how context information of the work processes could be acquired and represented as knowledge to the organization.

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Glassey, Richard. "Location modelling and management in ubiquitous computing environments." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501645.

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Location-aware computing increasingly pervades our everyday lives. Part of the reason for this success is the ubiquitous utility of location information, irrespective of physical environment or application domain. However, this utility is also responsible for the development of many independent and incompatible location-aware systems, which prevent simple migration of entities from one environment to another whilst maintaining a reasonable degree of location-awareness. Achieving ubiquitous location awareness requires uniform system support for future location systems that is flexible and adaptable to differing location modelling needs and the available systems infrastructure.

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Schiele, Gregor Alexander. "System support for spontaneous pervasive computing environments." kostenfrei, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=985989661.

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Schiele, Gregor. "System support for spontaneous pervasive computing environments." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-32709.

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Nguyen, Tammy. "Context-aware access control in pervasive computing environments." Online access for everyone, 2005. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2005/t%5Fnguyen%5F061005.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Ubiquitous Computing Environments"

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Papadopoulou, Panagiota, and Jean-Eric Pelet. User behavior in ubiquitous online environments. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, an imprint of IGI Global, 2014.

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Ubiquitous computing: Smart devices, environments, and interaction. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2009.

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O, Hyŏn-mok. Yubikʻwŏtʻŏsŭ hwanʼgyŏng esŏŭi sŏbisŭ yungbokhap rodŭmaep yŏnʼgu =: A study on the roadmap of service convergence in ubiquitous environments. Sŏul-si: Hanʼguk Chŏngbo Sahoe Chinhŭngwŏn, 2006.

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O, Hyŏn-mok. Yubikʻwŏtʻŏsŭ hwanʼgyŏng esŏŭi sŏbisŭ yungbokhap rodŭmaep yŏnʼgu =: A study on the roadmap of service convergence in ubiquitous environments. Sŏul-si: Hanʼguk Chŏngbo Sahoe Chinhŭngwŏn, 2006.

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O, Hyŏn-mok. Yubikʻwŏtʻŏsŭ hwanʼgyŏng esŏŭi sŏbisŭ yungbokhap rodŭmaep yŏnʼgu =: A study on the roadmap of service convergence in ubiquitous environments. Sŏul-si: Hanʼguk Chŏngbo Sahoe Chinhŭngwŏn, 2006.

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Mexico) International Conference on Intelligent Environments (8th 2012 Guanajuato. Workshop proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Environments. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2012.

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Athens, Greece) International Conference on Intelligent Environments (9th 2013. Workshop proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Environments. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2013.

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China) International Conference on Intelligent Environments (10th : 2014 Shanghai. Workshop Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent Environments. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2014.

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D, Nugent Chris, Biswas Jit, Hoey Jesse, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Activity Recognition in Pervasive Intelligent Environments. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2011.

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Schneider, Michael. Workshops proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Environments. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ubiquitous Computing Environments"

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Schmidt, Albrecht. "Programming Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In End-User Development, 3–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18425-8_1.

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Karapantelakis, Athanasios, Alisa Devlic, Mohammad Zarify, and Saltanat Khamit. "Printing in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, 83–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02830-4_8.

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Kaipa, Krishnanand N., and Debasish Ghose. "Applications to Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In Glowworm Swarm Optimization, 157–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51595-3_6.

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Molina, José M., Juan M. Corchado, and Javier Bajo. "Ubiquitous Computing for Mobile Environments." In Issues in Multi-Agent Systems, 33–57. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8543-9_2.

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Kumar, Mohan. "Distributed Computing in Opportunistic Environments." In Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02830-4_1.

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Tsuchikawa, Megumu, Shoichiro Iwasawa, Sadanori Ito, Atsushi Nakahara, Yasuyuki Sumi, Kenji Mase, Kiyoshi Kogure, and Norihiro Hagita. "Experience-Sharing System Using Ubiquitous Sensing Environments." In Ubiquitous Computing Systems, 90–103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11526858_8.

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Shafer, Steve. "Ten Dimensions of Ubiquitous Computing." In Managing Interactions in Smart Environments, 5–16. London: Springer London, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0743-9_2.

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Rammig, Franz J. "Towards Self-coordinating Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing, 2–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11802167_2.

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Baugh, John P., and Jinhua Guo. "Location Privacy in Mobile Computing Environments." In Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, 936–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11833529_95.

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Brumitt, Barry, Brian Meyers, John Krumm, Amanda Kern, and Steven Shafer. "EasyLiving: Technologies for Intelligent Environments." In Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing, 12–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-39959-3_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ubiquitous Computing Environments"

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Lupiana, Dennis, Ciaran O'Driscoll, and Fredrick Mtenzi. "Taxonomy for ubiquitous computing environments." In 2009 First International Conference on Networked Digital Technologies (NDT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ndt.2009.5272068.

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Boddupalli, Al-Bin-Ali, Davies, Friday, Storz, and Wu. "Payment support in ubiquitous computing environments." In Proceedings DARPA Information Survivability Conference and Exposition MCSA-03. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcsa.2003.1240772.

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"MARVIN - Modeling Environments with Ubiquitous Computing." In 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001698502620265.

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Kim, Jiho, Jungyu Lee, Soonhyung Park, and Ohyoung Song. "Dynamic Privacy Management in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In 2010 Second International Conference on Communication Software and Networks. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsn.2010.122.

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Crabtree, Andy, and Tom Rodden. "Understanding interaction in hybrid ubiquitous computing environments." In the 8th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1658550.1658551.

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Geihs, Kurt, Roland Reichle, Michael Wagner, and Mohammad Ullah Khan. "Service-Oriented Adaptation in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In 2009 International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cse.2009.373.

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Sun, Jie, and Zhaohui Wu. "Adaptive to Context in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In 2006 Seventh International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pdcat.2006.26.

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Ransom, Stefan, and Christian Werner. "Towards Data-Centric Security in Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In 2009 20th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Application. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2009.22.

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Chung, Yoo Chul, and Dongman Lee. "Non-anchored Unified Naming for Ubiquitous Computing Environments." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/percom.2008.57.

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Walker, Jessie J., Travis Jones, Mansour Mortazavi, and Roy Blount. "Cyber Security Concerns for Ubiquitous/Pervasive Computing Environments." In 2011 International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery (CyberC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cyberc.2011.53.

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Reports on the topic "Ubiquitous Computing Environments"

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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.

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