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Journal articles on the topic 'Udder measurements'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Arcos-Álvarez, Darwin, Jorge Canul-Solís, Ricardo García-Herrera, et al. "Udder Measurements and Their Relationship with Milk Yield in Pelibuey Ewes." Animals 10, no. 3 (2020): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10030518.

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The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between udder measurements and milk yield (MY) in dairy Pelibuey ewes. Udder measurements were taken twice a week for eight weeks before (initial) and after (final) milking, including udder depth (UD), udder circumference (UC), udder width (UW), teat length (TL) and teat diameter (TD) in 38 multiparous ewes. Additionally, udder volume (UV) and the difference (VDF) between initial UV (UVi) and final (UVf) was calculated as VDF = UVi − UVf. The MY varied from 0.10 kg/d to 1.04 kg/d, with a mean of 0.39 kg/d, ± 0.18 kg/d. Initial UC (UCi) ranged from 2

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2

Milerski, M., M. Margetín, A. Čapistrák, D. Apolen, J. Špánik, and M. Oravcová. "Relationships between external and internal udder measurements and the linear scores for udder morphology traits in dairy sheep." Czech Journal of Animal Science 51, No. 9 (2011): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3955-cjas.

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Udder morphology traits were measured and subjectively assessed by the use of linear scores in 266 ewes of Tsigai (T), Improved Walachian (IW) and Lacaune (LC) dairy breeds. Animals were recorded repeatedly within and between lactations, therefore 772 sets of measurements and linear scores were collected in total. Udder measurements included: udder length, udder width, rear udder depth, cistern depth, teat length, teat angle, sum of cistern cross-section areas scanned by the ultrasound technique from the side and from the bottom in a water bath. Linear scores were assessed for: udder depth, ci

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3

D‘Alessandro, Angela Gabriella, Michele Mariano, and Giovanni Martemucci. "Udder characteristics and effects of pulsation rate on milking machine efficiency in donkeys." Journal of Dairy Research 82, no. 1 (2014): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029914000648.

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Very little is known about the udder characteristics, partitioning of milk in the mammary gland and efficiency of machine milking in donkeys. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the udder and teats, milk yield in relation to pulsation rates (90, 120 and 150 cycles/min), milk partitioning in the mammary gland, composition of the spontaneously removed and residual milk fractions and milking efficiency. Forty-one healthy Martina Franca jennies in the third month of lactation and routinely milked twice daily were used in three studies. Udder characteristics were evaluated by direct

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4

James, I. J., and O. A. Osinowo. "Relationship between udder measurements during pregnancy and partial daily milk yield in goats." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 31, no. 2 (2021): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v31i2.1822.

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Relationship between udder measurements during pregnancy and partial daily milk yield (PDM) in ten West African Dwarf (WAD), three Red Sokoto (RS) and Sahel goats was studied. Udder width (UW), udder circumference (UC), distance between teats (DBT) and teat length (TL) were measured monthly before conception and during pregnancy up to parturition. PDM was determined weekly for 12 weeks of lactation commencing from 4 days post partum. There was a slight increase in udder dimensions within the first 2 trimesters of pregnancy (day 0 - 100) and then followed by an exponential increase during the t

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5

Wan-Azemin, Amirah, Asmad Kari, and Nadiawati Alias. "ASSESSMENT OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS EFFECTS ON LIVE WEIGHT, BODY CONDITION SCORE (BCS) AND EXTERNAL UDDER MEASUREMENTS OF DORPER SHEEP." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 2 (2021): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.15115.

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Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland that can be classified as clinical and subclinical mastitis. The clinical mastitis can be diagnosed based on clinical signs, whilst subclinical mastitis mostly through somatic cell count (SCC). This study was carried out to determine the subclinical mastitis effects on live weight, body condition score (BCS) and external udder traits of Dorper sheep. A total 16 Dorper ewes were selected and screened for mastitis using the Californian mastitis test (CMT). The live weight, BCS and external udder traits (i.e. udder length (UL), udder width (UW), re

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6

Ceyhan, Ayhan, Mahmut Çınar, and Ugur Serbester. "Siyah Alaca İneklerde Meme Ölçülerinin Somatik Hücre Sayısı ve Günlük Süt Verimi Üzerine Etkisi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (2013): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v1i1.23-28.24.

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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of udder measurements group on somatic cell count (SCC) and daily milk production. Milk samples and udder measurements were collected monthly from 79 lactating Holstein cows on commercial dairy in the province of Niğde. In the study, front teat length (FTL), rear teat length (RTL), front teat diameter (FTD), rear teat diameter (RTD), distance between front teats (DBFT), distance between rear teats (DBRT), front udder height, (FTH), rear udder height (RUH), distance between front and rear teats (DBST) were obtained in before afternoon milking

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7

Klein, Daniela, Martina Flöck, Johannes Lorenz Khol, Sonja Franz, Hans Peter Stüger, and Walter Baumgartner. "Ultrasonographic measurement of the bovine teat: breed differences, and the significance of the measurements for udder health." Journal of Dairy Research 72, no. 3 (2005): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029905000920.

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The objective was to measure teat canal length and diameter, teat diameter and teat wall thickness by ultrasonographic scanning in order to determine the differences in bovine breeds, and to study the influence of teat canal length and diameter on the occurrence of mastitis. A total of 269 lactating dairy cows of four different breeds (Brown Swiss, Simmental, Simmental crossbred with Red Pied, and Holstein-Friesians) from seven Upper Austrian dairy farms were examined. Average teat canal length of Brown Swiss animals was shortest (15·7 mm) followed by Holstein-Friesians (17·2 mm) and Simmental

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8

Davis, SR, and GA Hughson. "Measurement of functional udder capacity in lactating Jersey cows." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 6 (1988): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9881163.

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Serial measurements of udder volume in 11 multiparous and 4 primiparous Jersey cows in mid-lactation were used to establish the time of cessation of milk production after a period of milk accumulation. Udder volume was determined from measurements of udder height, length and width. Functional udder capacity (defined as the litres of contained milk in the udder when milk secretion ceased) was greater in cows (15.5 � 0.8 litres) than heifers (9.3 � 0.7 litres). Expressed as hours-worth of secretion, on average, heifers possessed 25.9 � 1.5 and cows 33.6 � 2.9 hours-worth of capacity - data which

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9

Ángeles Pérez-Cabal, M., E. Legaz, I. Cervantes, et al. "Association between body and udder morphological traits and dairy performance in Spanish Assaf sheep." Archives Animal Breeding 56, no. 1 (2013): 430–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-042.

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Abstract. The relationship between 17 body and 8 udder measurements and phenotypic dairy performance were studied using information from 280 Spanish Assaf ewes from 2 to 4 years old belonging to 18 flocks. The influence of the environmental area on the dairy traits was assessed by fitting a fixed model including the flock effect and the age effect. A factor analysis was also carried out to determine the lowest number of independent factors that account for most of the variation in the traits. The flock was statistically significant for performance trait and predicted breeding value (PBV) while

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10

Makovický, Pavol, Milan Margetín, and Peter Makovický. "Estimation of Genetic and Phenotypic Parameters for Udder Morphology Traits in Different Dairy Sheep Genotypes." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, no. 1 (2017): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765010105.

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Knowledge of genetic parameters is the basis of sound livestock improvement programmes. Genetic parameters have been estimated for linear udder traits: Udder depth (UD), Cistern depth (CD), Teat position (TP), Teat size (TS) and external udder measurements: Rear udder depth (RUD), Cistern depth (CDe), Teat length (TL) and Teat angle (TA) – 1275 linear assessments (381 ewes) and 1185 external udder measurements (355 ewes) were included in the analysis for each character of 9 genotypes. Nine breeds and genotypes were included in these experiments: purebred Improved Valachian (IV), Tsigai (T), La

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11

Milerski, Michal, Martin Ptáček, Jaromír Ducháček, et al. "Analysis of the relationship between milk production, milk composition and morphological udder measurements in Wallachian sheep." Czech Journal of Animal Science 65, No. 11 (2020): 424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/196/2020-cjas.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of udder measurements for prediction of milk yield, milk components and somatic cell count in non-dairy Wallachian sheep. The study was performed on 38 ewes in the Beskids Mountains kept under extensive management on pasture. Milk production (MILK) as well as samples for milk component and somatic cell count determination were collected during two separate control days (42<sup>nd</sup> day and 100<sup>th</sup> day of lactation on average). Rear udder depth (RUD, cm), udder width (UW, cm), and teat length (TL, mm) were

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12

Wójtowski, J., P. Ślósarz, A. Junkuszew, M. Milerski, A. Szymanowska, and M. Szymanowski. "Application of ultrasound technique for cistern size measurement in dairy goats (short communication)." Archives Animal Breeding 49, no. 4 (2006): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-49-382-2006.

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Abstract. The aim of the study was to compare ultrasound measurements of the gland cistern in goats obtained by various methods. The tests were conducted on goats of the Polish White Improved breed. Four ultrasound devices were used in the experiment, which were equipped with 4 different types of probes. The most similar measurements, rp from .729 to .927, were obtained with the use of a SonoVet2000 with a linear probe with the frequency of 5 MHz, applied to the middle part of the udder base, penetrating the opposite udder half and a Hitachi EUB 405+ with a 5.0 MHz convex probe applied to the

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13

Stavetska, R., and N. Klopenko. "UDDER MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED UNDER ABSORBING CROSSBREEDING." Animal Breeding and Genetics 51 (March 28, 2018): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.51.21.

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The aim of the research was to study morphological characteristics of udder, polymastia and polythelia frequency of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy first-calf heifers under absorbing crossbreeding and detection of correlation between milk yield per day and morphological characteristics of cows’ udder. The study was conducted in the herds of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed in the breeding farms «Suholiske» LLC, AF «Matiushi» LLC and AF «Glushky» LLC, Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region. To conduct analytical studies based on part of Holstein inheritance researched livestock were divi

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14

Adewumi, O. O., O. Banjo, A. A. Adegboyega, and O. A. Noiki. "Udder and linear body measurement in ewes and does in relation to performance of their offspring under the traditional system of management." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 39, no. 2 (2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v39i2.733.

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    Forty-eight lactating does and ewes were used to study partial milk yield, udder dimensions, linear body measurement in ewes, does and performance of their offspring under the traditional system of management.Milk yield, udder dimensions, linear body measurements of dam and offspring were significantly superior in sheep. Average partial milk yield was 53.86 and 78.56 ml per week for goat and sheep respectively. There was no significant effect of parity on all variables measured. Udder circumference was the most related trait to partial milk yield (r=0.57) in goat. T

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15

Zavadilová, L., M. Štípková, E. Němcová, J. Bouška, and J. Matějíčková. "Analysis of the phenotypic relationships between type traits and functional survival in Czech Fleckvieh cows." Czech Journal of Animal Science 54, No. 12 (2009): 521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/29/2009-cjas.

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The phenotypic relationships between type traits and functional traits were analyzed in 47 786 Czech Fleckvieh cows first calved from 1994 to 2003. Functional survival was defined as the number of days from first calving to culling. All the cows were scored for conformation during the first lactation. Type information consisted of phenotypic type scores for 17 objectively scored linear type traits (with 9 classes each) and of the measurements for 6 body traits (measured in cm). The impact of the chosen conformation traits on functional longevity was estimated using the Cox proportional hazards

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16

Arif Qisthon, and Sulastri, Wahyu Puji Santoso, M. Dima Iqbal Hamdani,. "KORELASI UKURAN-UKURAN TUBUH DAN VOLUME AMBING DENGAN PRODUKSI SUSU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWAH DI KECAMATAN METRO TIMUR." Jurnal Riset dan Inovasi Peternakan (Journal of Research and Innovation of Animals) 4, no. 1 (2020): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jrip.2020.4.1.59-65.

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This research aimed to determine the relationship between body measurements including body length (x1), body height (x2), chest circumference (x3), and udder volume (before milking (x4)) with milk production of Etawah Crossbreed goat at the Mandiri Jaya Bersama and Yosomukti farms, Metro Timur District from July-August 2019. This study used a survey method with twenty female Etawah Cross Breed goats as samples taken by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using correlation and linear regression analysis. The results showed that volume of udder before milking has a strong relationship (r = 0.

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17

Sklyarenko, Y. I., T. A. Chernjavska, and I. P. Ivankova. "PREDICTION OF PRODUCTIVITY OF DAIRY COWS BY DIFFERENT WAYS." Animal Breeding and Genetics 51 (March 28, 2018): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.51.20.

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The aim of the research is to establish the relationship between milk productivity and exterior feature of animals on the basis of relevant indices and the possibility of predicting the next lactation milk yield and lifetime productivity. Method. The research was conducted in the conditions of State Enterprise "Pilot Farm of Institute of Agriculture of Northern East of NAAS" during the period 2007-2015, at 50 cows of Sumy interbreed type of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle. Exterior of first-calf cows (2007-2008), by taking measurements (by the conventional method) was studied for

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18

Hiss, S., U. Mueller, A. Neu-Zahren, and H. Sauerwein. "Haptoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase measurements in milk for the identification of subclinically diseased udder quarters." Veterinární Medicína 52, No. 6 (2008): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1879-vetmed.

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Diagnosis of subclinical mastitis is of increasing importance and appropriate detection methods are needed. Both haptoglobin (Hp), an acute phase protein in cattle, as well as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an ubiquitous enzyme, can be successfully used to detect clinical mastitis. The present paper describes quantification of Hp and LDH in milk samples from healthy and subclinically diseased udder quarters. Hp was analysed in the laboratory using an ELISA. The activity of LDH was measured in raw milk directly in the milking parlor. Both parameters were suitable to distinguish between sterile sa

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19

Solechah, Dian Wijayanti, Dian Wahyu Harjanti, and Rudy Hartanto. "Hubungan antara Morfologi Ambing, Produksi Susu dan Komponen Susu pada Sapi Friesian Holstein." Jurnal Agripet 19, no. 2 (2019): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v19i2.14713.

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ABSTRAK. Ukuran-ukuran ambing merupakan salah satu indikator yang menentukan produksi susu sapi perah. Morfologi ambing dapat digunakan untuk menilai produktivitas ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ukuran-ukuran ambing, produksi susu dan komponen susu. Materi yang digunakan yaitu 30 ekor sapi (Friesian Holstein) FH periode laktasi III-V dan bulan laktasi 3-4. Analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier sederhana dengan SPSS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang nyata (P 0,05) antara kedalaman ambing belakang dan panjang ambing terhadap produksi su

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20

Miles, Asha M., Christian J. Posbergh, and Heather J. Huson. "Direct Phenotyping and Principal Component Analysis of Type Traits Implicate Novel QTL in Bovine Mastitis through Genome-Wide Association." Animals 11, no. 4 (2021): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11041147.

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Our objectives were to robustly characterize a cohort of Holstein cows for udder and teat type traits and perform high-density genome-wide association studies for those traits within the same group of animals, thereby improving the accuracy of the phenotypic measurements and genomic association study. Additionally, we sought to identify a novel udder and teat trait composite risk index to determine loci with potential pleiotropic effects related to mastitis. This approach was aimed at improving the biological understanding of the genetic factors influencing mastitis. Cows (N = 471) were genoty

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21

Klein, Julia. "Noninvasive measurements of carotenoids in bovine udder by reflection spectroscopy." Journal of Biomedical Optics 17, no. 10 (2012): 101514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.17.10.101514.

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22

Erduran, Hakan, and Birol Dag. "Determination of factors affecting milk yield, composition and udder morphometry of Hair and cross-bred dairy goats in a semi-intensive system." Journal of Dairy Research 88, no. 3 (2021): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029921000637.

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AbstractIn this Research Communication we report milk yield, milk composition and udder morphometry of Hair, Alpine × Hair F1 (AHF1), and Saanen × Hair F1 (SHF1) cross-bred goat genotypes managed in a semi-intensive system. The SHF1 genotype had significantly higher lactation milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, and electrical conductivity than other genotypes, whilst AHF1 was intermediate. The milk fat, protein, lactose, solids-non-fat and total solids contents as well as pH and density of the Hair goat milk were significantly higher than the corresponding values of the cross-bred genotypes.

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23

Atigui, Moufida, Marwa Brahmi, Imen Hammadi, Pierre-Guy Marnet, and Mohamed Hammadi. "Machine Milkability of Dromedary Camels: Correlation between Udder Morphology and Milk Flow Traits." Animals 11, no. 7 (2021): 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11072014.

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This study aims to measure mammary morphological traits with a functional influence on machine milking ability of Tunisian Camels (Camelus dromedarius) and their evolution according to the stage of lactation and parity. Udder and teat measurements were recorded before morning milking and associated with the measurement of milk emission kinetics parameters evaluated with Lactocorder® devices (WMB AG, Balgache, Switzerland) and observations. Three main teat shapes were recorded and their dimensions evolved with parity and stage of lactation. The milk flow curves were classified into three main t

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Bowers, Susan, Scott Gandy, Kenneth Graves, Susan Eicher, and Scott Willard. "Effects of prepartum milking on postpartum reproduction, udder health and production performance in first-calf dairy heifers." Journal of Dairy Research 73, no. 3 (2006): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029906001762.

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Postpartum production performance of dairy heifers may be enhanced by prepartum milking by alleviating the stress of the periparturient period. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of prepartum milking of dairy heifers on postpartum reproduction, udder health, milk production and other associated production characteristics. Pregnant heifers (Holstein, n=21; Jersey n=10) were assigned to either a prepartum milked (premilked, n=15) or control (n=16) group. Premilked heifers were milked twice daily starting 3 weeks prior to anticipated calving dates, and milk yield recorded at

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Emediato, R. M. S., E. R. Siqueira, M. M. Stradiotto, S. A. Maestá, and S. Fernandes. "Relationship between udder measurements and milk yield in Bergamasca ewes in Brazil." Small Ruminant Research 75, no. 2-3 (2008): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.11.006.

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KARATUNOV, V. A., та I. N. TUZOV. "ПРОЯВЛЕНИЕ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ СВОЙСТВ ВЫМЕНИ ГОЛШТИНСКИХ КОРОВ АВСТРАЛИЙСКОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЮГА РОССИИ". Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo, № 6 (23 жовтня 2019): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33943/mms.2019.6.39672.

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Изучены функциональные свойства вымени коров голштинской породы австралийской селекции, выращенных с использованием повышенных норм выпойки молока и добавлением пробиотического препарата целлобактерин . В сельхозпредприятии Краснодарского края, на потомках импортного скота голштинской породы австралийской селекции, завезенного в 2008 году. Для проведения опыта от нетелей линии Рефлекшн Соверинг 198998 получили телят и сформировали 4 группы подопытных телочек по 16 голов (n64): I контрольная, II, III, IV опытные. Животные были аналогами по происхождению, живой массе и возрасту. Различие между г

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Pařilová, M., L. Stádník, A. Ježková, and L. Štolc. "Effect of milking vacuum level and overmilking on cows’ teat characteristics." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 5 (2011): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159050193.

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The influence of milking vacuum and milk flow level (resp. detachment level) on cows’ teat characteristics were studied in four experiments. The MIXED procedure was used to test treatment effects on the level of teat length, teat thickness at the base and half-way between the teat end and the base of udder, teat canal length, teat end width, teat wall thickness, teat cistern width after milking and on differences between these teat characteristics measured before and after milking. A total of 51 cows were included in all experiments. All the cows had clinically healthy udders. Some cows were i

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Zavadilová, L., E. Němcová, M. Štípková, and J. Bouška. "Relationships between longevity and conformation traits in Czech Fleckvieh cows." Czech Journal of Animal Science 54, No. 9 (2009): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1685-cjas.

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The relationships between conformation and longevity traits were analysed in 58 493 Czech Fleckvieh cows first calved from 1994 to 2003. All cows were scored for conformation during the first lactation. Genetic correlations between longevity and conformation traits were estimated by bivariate runs using the VCE 4.0 program for variance component estimation. The values of heritability for conformation traits were in the range from 0.06 to 0.63 and for longevity traits from 0.04 to 0.05. Low or intermediate genetic relationships between recorded linear traits and longevity trait were found. The

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Szencziová, Iveta, Peter Strapák, Ludĕk Stádník, Jaromír Ducháček, and Jan Beran. "Relationship of Udder and Teat Morphology to Milking Characteristics and Udder Health Determined by Ultrasonographic Examinations in Dairy Cows / Związek Między Morfologią Wymienia I Strzyków A Cechami Doju I Zdrowotnością Wymienia W Badaniach Usg Krów Mlecznych." Annals of Animal Science 13, no. 4 (2013): 783–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2013-0053.

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Abstract The aim of this study is to call attention to the possibility of using ultrasonography as a useful tool for the evaluation of morphological characteristics of the udder and teats in dairy cows in relation to milking characteristics and udder health. A total of 26 dairy cows of the Holstein breed in the first (n = 13) and second lactation (n = 13) were investigated with a linear array ultrasound probe. Recovery of the teat internal parameters after milking was determined by ultrasonographic scanning. Teat canal length, teat canal diameter and teat wall thickness of 103 teats were evalu

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Lima Júnior, Dorgival Morais de, Adriano Henrique do Nascimento Rangel, Guilherme Ferreira da Costa Lima, et al. "Phenotypic evaluation of trait types in Guzerá cows of different calving orders." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (2017): 2755. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2755.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of parity on linear trait types in Guzerá cows using multivariate techniques. Data were collected from 68 purebred Guzera females, young (1st and 2nd calving order) and adults (3rd to 7th calving order). Measurements were collected using a tape measure, a hypometer, a 40 cm graduated ruler and a 180° protractor. PRCOMP procedure of the R program was used for analyzing the main components. The variables related to rump (height, angularity, ileum and ischium length and width), body (length), udder (height of posterior ligament) and milk prod

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Lima Júnior, Dorgival Morais de, Adriano Henrique do Nascimento Rangel, Guilherme Ferreira da Costa Lima, et al. "Phenotypic evaluation of trait types in Guzerá cows of different calving orders." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (2017): 2755. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2755.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of parity on linear trait types in Guzerá cows using multivariate techniques. Data were collected from 68 purebred Guzera females, young (1st and 2nd calving order) and adults (3rd to 7th calving order). Measurements were collected using a tape measure, a hypometer, a 40 cm graduated ruler and a 180° protractor. PRCOMP procedure of the R program was used for analyzing the main components. The variables related to rump (height, angularity, ileum and ischium length and width), body (length), udder (height of posterior ligament) and milk prod

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Iñiguez, L., M. Hilali, D. L. Thomas, and G. Jesry. "Udder measurements and milk production in two Awassi sheep genotypes and their crosses." Journal of Dairy Science 92, no. 9 (2009): 4613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1950.

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Lin, C. Y., A. J. Lee, A. J. McAllister, et al. "Intercorrelations Among Milk Production Traits and Body and Udder Measurements in Holstein Heifers." Journal of Dairy Science 70, no. 11 (1987): 2385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(87)80299-0.

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Shkuratova, G. M. "Productive qualities of the red-mottled birds of the simmental breeds during the period of discovery and the interconnection of their breeding characters under the conditions of the Zabaikalsky region." Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya 1, no. 8 (2021): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202108007.

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The results of the study of milk production and morphophysiological properties of the uterus of heifers of the red-and-white breed for 100 days of lactation in comparison with the heifers of the Simmental breed are presented. For 100 days of lactation from heifers of the red-motley breed, 2096 kg of milk each were obtained, with a fat content of 3,9 and a protein of 2,9%, from simmental fat, respectively, 1363,2 kg, with a fat content of 3,7 milk and protein of 2,9% First heifers of the red-motley breed exceeded their peers in milk production by 732,8 kg (34,9%) with a highly reliable statisti

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Alkass, Jalal E., and Kawa Y. Merkhan. "A study of somatic cell and their relation to some milk traits and udder measurements in Black and Meriz goats." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 16, special (2013): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10322.

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Dias, Mariana Borges de Castro, Karen Martins Leão, Marco Antônio Pereira da Silva, et al. "Effect of shading in physiological responses, milk yield and quality of Girolando cows." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (2021): e45410111986. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11986.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of providing shade to Girolando cows on milk yield and composition, physiological parameters, hemogram and blood pH. Two treatments were used: paddocks with and without shade. Animals were alternately kept in each treatment for a period of 15 days for three times. Milk production was recorded and measurements were taken for rectal temperature, skin surface and udder surface temperatures. A total of 24 blood samples were collected form each cow during the experimental procedure. This was done to compare the mean milk yield and chemical compositio

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Atigui, Moufida, Pierre-Guy Marnet, Hager Harrabi, Salma Bessalah, Touhami Khorchani, and Mohamed Hammadi. "Relationship between external and internal udder and teat measurements of machine milked dromedary camels." Tropical Animal Health and Production 48, no. 5 (2016): 935–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1059-9.

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Zecconi, Alfonso, Francesca Dell’Orco, Diego Vairani, Nicoletta Rizzi, Micaela Cipolla, and Lucio Zanini. "Differential Somatic Cell Count as a Marker for Changes of Milk Composition in Cows with Very Low Somatic Cell Count." Animals 10, no. 4 (2020): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040604.

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The recent availability of a high-throughput milk analyzer performing a partial differential somatic cell count (DSCC) opened new opportunities in investigations on bovine udder health. This analyzer has a potential limitation on the accuracy of measurements when the somatic cell count (SCC) is below 50,000 cells/mL, values characterizing a good proportion of lactating cows in many herds. We obtained data for cows below this threshold, assessed the repeatability of these measurements and investigated the relationship between DSCC and udder health, milk composition and yield. Overall, 3022 cow

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Boyko, O. V., O. F. Honchar, Y. M. Sotnichenko, and V. V. Machulnyy. "EFFICIENCY OF SELECTION BY EXTERIOR TYPE IN THE BREEDING HERDS DAIRY BREEDS." Animal Breeding and Genetics 53 (April 27, 2017): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.53.10.

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The need to study constitutional-exterior features of dairy cattle is due, of course, established in many studies to their positive connectivity with performance and lasting economic use. The vast majority of scientists-breeders thinks, that breeding cattle by technological features should determine the basic direction of work in farming on the threshold of XXI century. Based from the above, the aim of the research was to evaluate the productive and technological features cattle of dairy breeds combined with linear estimation from the body type. The study focused on linear estimation of cattle

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Bassett, J. M. "Effects of additional lighting to provide a summer photoperiod for winter-housed pregnant ewes on plasma prolactin, udder development and lamb birthweight." Journal of Agricultural Science 119, no. 1 (1992): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600071616.

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SummaryExposure of sheep to a long-day photoperiod during late pregnancy results in greatly increased plasma prolactin concentrations in both the ewe and her fetuses compared to values in animals experiencing short days. To investigate whether the endocrine changes resulting from provision of additional lighting might also influence the pre- and postnatal growth of lambs or udder development in winter-housed ewes, two experiments were carried out. In the first, a group of housed Mule ewes, lambing in early January 1989, were given additional lighting to provide a long-day photoperiod [16 h lig

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Ozkaya, S. "Prediction possibility of milk yield from udder measurements using digital image analysis on holstein cows." Indian Journal of Animal Research 49, no. 3 (2015): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-0555.2015.00050.3.

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Chegini, Arash, Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh, Seyed Hossein Hosseini-Moghadam, and Abdol Ahad Shadparvar. "Genetic correlation estimates between milk production traits, mastitis and different measures of somatic cells in Holstein cows." Animal Production Science 59, no. 6 (2019): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17325.

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The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters including repeatability, heritability as well as genetic and environmental relationships between 305-day milk yield, milk fat and protein yield (Fat and Pro), milk fat and protein percentages (Fat% and Pro%), mastitis (Mast), number of mastitis occurrence and different measurements of somatic cell counts using linear and threshold animal as well as linear and threshold sire models in Holstein cows of Iran. Records of 33851 first lactation Holstein cows from five large dairy herds with calving dates from March 2002 to September 2014

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Davidov, Ivana, Miodrag Radinovic, Stanko Bobos, Zoran Masic, and Dusan Lalosevic. "Effect of different thickness of keratin layer of ductus papillaris on state of parenchyma in cow udder." Veterinarski glasnik 65, no. 5-6 (2011): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1106359d.

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Ductus papillaris presents the frontline of defense of the mammary gland against the penetration of microorganisms into the milk cystern and the mammary gland parenchyma. The specific structure of ductus papillaris is in the stratum corneum which lines the ductus papillaris. It is a fine layer similar to wax of various thickness. The thickness of the stratum corneum depends on the age and breed of the animal, as well as on the number of past lactation periods. The stratum corneum or the keratin layer of the ductus papillaris has a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect and prevents the ascende

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Zigo, F., J. Elecko, M. Vasil, et al. "The occurrence of mastitis and its effect on the milk malondialdehyde concentrations and blood enzymatic antioxidants in dairy cows." Veterinární Medicína 64, No. 10 (2019): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/67/2019-vetmed.

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Early identification of mastitis is a serious challenge for dairy farmers and veterinarians in ensuring the health of an animal and the hygienic quality of the produced milk. The purpose of this study was to detect the occurrence and aetiology of mastitis in a dairy herd of 15 milked cows localised in a farm in west Slovakia. During the complex investigation, 606 quarter milk samples were examined (6 quarters were discarded) and classified based on the clinical status, the presence of abnormal udder secretions, the result of the California mastitis test (CMT), the somatic cell count (SCC) and

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Yahaya, H. K., E. A. Abare, and B. I. Nwagu. "Phenotypic correlation of linear type measurements and functional type traits in two Nigerian cattle breeds." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45, no. 5 (2020): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i5.311.

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A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of linear measurements and linear type traits in two breeds of cattle in Nigeria. Observations on linear type traits of 142 cows consisting of 89 Bunaji and 53 Sokoto Gudali breeds were scaled and scored thrice within a period of May to July, 2017. Live weight and nine body linear measurements (Height at Rump-HR, Height at Withers-HW, Body Length-BL, Length of Hip-LH, Rump Length-RL, Width of Hips-WH, Width of Pins-WP, Chest Depth-CD, and Chest Width-CW) and eight linear type traits scores (Stature-ST, Body Depth-BD, Rump Width-RW, Teat Length-TL, U

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Wellnitz, Olga, Marcus G. Doherr, Marta Woloszyn, and Rupert M. Bruckmaier. "Prediction of total quarter milk somatic cell counts based on foremilk sampling." Journal of Dairy Research 76, no. 3 (2009): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029909004166.

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Determination of somatic cell count (SCC) is used worldwide in dairy practice to describe the hygienic status of the milk and the udder health of cows. When SCC is tested on a quarter level to detect single quarters with high SCC levels of cows for practical reasons, mostly foremilk samples after prestimulation (i.e. cleaning of the udder) are used. However, SCC is usually different in different milk fractions. Therefore, the goal of this study was the investigation of the use of foremilk samples for the estimation of total quarter SCC. A total of 378 milkings in 19 dairy cows were performed w

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Adewumi, O. O., C. A. Chineke, J. A. Alokan, I. J. James, and O. A. Akinola. "The effects of genotype and week of lactation on milk yield, udder dimensions and linear body measurements of non-dairy ewes." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 38, no. 2 (2021): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v38i2.2787.

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One hundred and ninety two records were taken weekly for twenty four (24) weeks from West African Dwarf (WD), the Yankasa (YN) and the West African Dwarf X Yankasa crossbred (XB) sheep. The traits evaluated were milk yield (MK), linear body measurements (LB) such as height at withers, (HT), body length (BL), heart girth (HG), shoulder width (SW), Tail length (TA), Neck length (NL), Neck circumference (NC), Face length (FA), Hind leg length (HL), Foreleg length (FL), Face length (FA), Ear length (EA), Head width (HW) and Rump height (RH) together with the following Udder dimensions (UD): Udder

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Reynolds, C. K. "Metabolic Consequences of Increasing Milk Yield – Revisiting Lorna." BSAP Occasional Publication 29 (2004): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00040052.

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Nearly 50 years ago, a cow named Lorna achieved notoriety by producing nearly 50 kg of milk daily during measurements of her energy metabolism in a calorimeter at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Energy Metabolism Laboratory at Beltsville, Maryland (Flatt, Moore, Hooven and Plowman, 1965; Flatt, Moe, Munson and Cooper, 1969). In the intervening period genetic selection in dairy cattle has produced huge increases in average milk yield, as well as changes in overall conformation, udder characteristics, and body size and structure (Hansen, 2000).

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Makovický, Pavol, Melinda Nagy, and Peter Makovick ý. "Comparison of external udder measurements of the sheep breeds Improved Valachian, Tsigai, Lacaune and their crosses." Chilean journal of agricultural research 73, no. 4 (2013): 366–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392013000400006.

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Espinosa-Mendoza, Roger Iván, Darwin Nicolas Arcos-Álvarez, Ricardo Alfonso Garcia-Herrera, et al. "Predicting milk yield in Pelibuey ewes from the udder volume measurement with a simple method." Journal of Dairy Research 87, no. 3 (2020): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002202992000076x.

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AbstractIn this research communication we describe the creation of an equation for the prediction of milk yield (MY) from udder volume (UV). A total of 280 measurements were collected between 5 and 15 d postpartum (pp) from 36 multiparous Pelibuey ewes. Study variables were measured between 2 and 9 weeks pp and MY was measured by manual milking, UV prior to and following milking was measured using the technique of making moulds from aluminium foil. The MY ranged from 0.09 to 0.83 kg/d, meanwhile UV prior and following milking ranged from 155 to 1940 and 90 to 1520 cm3, respectively. Measuremen

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