Academic literature on the topic 'Udržitelnost měst'

Infrastruktury pro výzkum a vývoj podpořené z Operačního programu Výzkum a vývoj pro inovace - udržitelnost v regionálním a individuálním pohleduDosavadní deficit výzkumné infrastruktury v Česku bude v následujících letech zčásti redukován 42 novými centry vznikajícími s podporou Operačního programu Výzkum a vývoj pro inovace. Dojde tak do značné míry k uměle vyvolanému snížení koncentrace výzkumných kapacit v hlavním městě, neboť Praha nepatří mezi cílové regiony tohoto operačního programu. Jsou však regiony připraveny využít nabízenou příležitost, mají dostatečné lidské zdroje na obsazení vzniklých pracovních míst novými výzkumníky a jsou místní ekonomiky schopny chytit se lana spleteného z evropských peněz a posunout se díky novým výzkumným infrastrukturám blíže znalostně založené ekonomice? První krok nutně podmiňuje ty další. Detailní pohled na dosavadní vývoj regionální zaměstnanosti ve VaV ukazuje, že v některých krajích nejsou v příslušném vědním oboru přítomny dostatečné lidské zdroje pro obsazení vznikajících center novými zaměstnanci, a hrozí tak částečné oslabení tohoto impulzu formálním přesunem stávajících výzkumníků z jedné instituce do druhé. V porovnávání se stávající strukturou zdrojů mateřských institucí se navíc ukazují jako neúměrně vysoké odhady podílu smluvního výzkumu a zahraničních grantů u budovaných center. Snížení některého z těchto zdrojů může mít za následek výrazné utlumení činnosti centra, neboť státní rozpočet nebude pravděpodobně schopný tento výpadek kompenzovat.

The aim of the master thesis is to characterize development trends of Chinese urbanization since the establishment of People´s Republic of China until today, approaches to these trends and evaluate their sustainability. Thesis includes four main parts. The first part introduces main urbanization theories: Stages of Urban Development, Differential Urbanization, and Environmental Kuznets Curve. The second part characterizes the development of Chinese urbanization, defines two main determinants of the future development and tries to cover different potential future scenarios. The third part deals with Chinese urban policies, such as five-year-plans, Urbanization plan and reforms. After that, the sustainability issue is evaluated. Last part of the thesis deals with urbanization trends and policies in Chongqing municipality.

Tato práce se zaměřuje na představení městské zeleně jako důležitý prvek udržitelné výstavby, a především jako prvek, který zbavuje okolní vzduch znečištění a přispívá k lepšímu prostředí ve městech. Dále se tato diplomová práce zabývá vztahem mezi městskou zelení a znečištěním ovzduší oxidem uhličitým v Brně. Ve městě byla prováděná měření koncentrací oxidu uhličitého, kyslíku a sekundárních veličin po dobu půl roku od června do listopadu roku 2019. Měření byla prováděna na čtyřech místech v Brně a dále tato data byla mezi sebou porovnána. Dále byla navrhnuta zelená opatření. Ve dvou vybraných lokalitách v Brně byly vybrány střechy, na které byla navrhnuta extenzivní zelená střecha.

The thesis explores how the EU support to research and innovation towards urban sustainability is designed, what the existing EU intiatives striving for achieving smart and sustainable cities are. The analysis of theoretical approaches forms the basis for developing the definition of smart and sustainable city for the purpose of this thesis. An overview of the principal EU strategic documents which address urban sustainability together with European networks is provided in order to demonstrate the linkage to the research Framework Programmes. A separate chapter is devoted to the analysis of the most pressing challenges European cities face nowadays. Database of EU funded research and innovation calls and projects is examined (E-CORDA). Calls and projects related to urban areas are identified and juxtaposed with the urban problems. Final recommendations concern with social aspects of sustainability which should be, in the author's opinion, addressed in future EU research Framework Programmes with a particular attention.

This thesis is focused on water resources which supply drinking water to the city Dobříš and the nearby village Stará Huť. The first part is focused on clarification of the issue of surface and ground water in particular. Furthermore, water management and climate change, with possible adaptation measures. The second part is devoted to detailed analysis of the area of interest. This mainly concerns the development of population, major employers and amenities. The goal of this thesis is to determine the maximum daily water needs for 2025 based on variables indicators with respect to the land use plan of Dobřiš city and the village Stará Huť. The result values are compared to current yields of all water resources. The final summary proposes the possible solution for emergencies in case of declining yields.

The city was from the past the place where people were meeting together, living and creating together. Therefore the role of individuals – city inhabitants should growth in today´s anonymus times. The role of pedestrian as individual enabling direct contact face to face, individual communicating with surroundings, is becoming essential part of „vivid“ city. In order the city to be functional, it is necessary to concentrate human beings and events, only then the city is becoming city of people, city of place, city of moment. The difinition of city sustainability and viability should be measured by city capability to provide quality life conditions to its inhabitants. It includes mainly high quality of natural and artificial environments, good life and working conditions, people rights for housing, working, social service and infrastructure. It should also protect cultural identity of the city and allow the possibility to participace in the city decision-making. Line traffic influences in a large scale accruing Urban Sprawl, forms large transport distances and increases the transport necessity mostly by private cars. It is important to make efficient planning with the politics of innovating traffic systems, which will be able to reduce the transport needs. For the city sustainability we can claim that the pedestrian transport has the contribution in restricting the suburbanization, in recuding the portion of motor vehicles and in restricting the risks of spatial segregation. It is necessary to create cities where people can get around and meet, where different forms and functions are mixed together in that way, that there will be no abandon city centres and no monofunctional zones. It is importnat to rely on principle that the streets are a social space. No only a traffic space, but also a social space. To design quality system of connected, function and safe pedestrian roads between residential buildings and local destinations, so the buildings can offer views to the streets which increases not only the safety, but especially connects course of events of these two worlds. To forms vivid, vibrant city, where the pedestrian movement is the interlinking element in between constantly developing town and preserving the life inside the town, is an immense challenge to all of us.

Summary The diploma thesis discusses a topic of urban community gardens, which are growing trend over recent years in the Czech Republic. First of all the thesis focus on the need of urban human contact for nature elements. It outlines a brief history and development of urban gardening in the Czech Republic. The literary section proceeds further with concrete examples of existing community gardens, both abroad and in our country, it compares the situation of community gardening in Prague and Vienna and it is trying to sort through a diverse range of urban gardening and community gardens. It shows possible causes of this phenomenon and its objectives, features and benefits. The significance of this thesis is to show a diverse range of topics that appear in community gardens. Among the main are the following: regional supply, diversity of cultivated varieties, self-sufficiency and sustainability, common ownership, social interaction, informal education, protection and promotion of the environment. Equally important consequence of community gardens is the ability to think about the context and the change in attitude towards consumerism. The potential of community gardens in urban public space can also contain possible solutions to a wide range of local and global issues and challenges of contemporary society. On top of that there are developing relationships at all possible levels. The literary section in the end mentions public space and community. The practical part of this thesis was dedicated to project, which focused on Community garden Vidimova in Prague. This garden is located in the courtyard of a former kindergarten. The building is currently used by the Municipality of Prague district 11. Designed space garden has nearly 3,800 square meters. Development here has the character of a settlement with dense construction mainly residential multi-storey panel buildings. The project proposal was based on analyses of regional relations, natural conditions and the evaluation of the current state of the territory and its community. It is an constantly growing community that now includes over 40 regular members. This garden has a great potential to incorporate a wider range of users, but above all it is necessary to involve all concerned subjects in decision-making and the creation of this garden.

Interest about living in the city is increasing and people look suitable sites for newconstruction. Boundary of these good places expand into the landscape. Undeveloped areas have become valuable goods and it is important to build up the appropriate form of building with critical density, which will provide new space for living, but also contribute to raising living standards and it elevate all surrounding area. Variable and flexible solution of my architectural and urban design fights with evacuation people into urban sprawl and try put there quality housing to the city center and try to be a timeless concept,which will be able to respond to different human rights requirements and wishes. The built up area will be created by grouping the proposed houses and residential houses into blocks. Individual detached houses are designed in a range of four sizes for satisfy of people who require small houses and for people which findmore comfortable living. Different sizes of houses could satisfy both seniors and young couples and families with children and the solution ensure local settlement by people of all ages and this creates a healthy demographers structure for place.

The assignment of diploma thesis was the design of a sustainable urban structure based on a medieval city in Náměšť nad Oslavou. As part of the work, I tried to find the best solution for this solved area, which is isolated by a railway corridor and suggest a new city district based on the principle of a medieval city, which will be linked to the existing city. The proposed development of city blocks is built on a system of platforms that level the terrain within the blocks and enable optimal parking spaces and the use of commercials. This development is complemented by several blocks with villa houses and a city SPA complex. The proposal supports the construction of cycle paths that connect parts of the solved area with the Rathan recreation pond. The design also includes a large park with a lookout tower and a sports ground on the city horizon ner the SPA complex. The accent was also placed on the public area near the new railway station, which serves to gather people for cultural and entertainment opportunities. This public space should not compete with an existing Masaryk square, which fulfills a representative and administration function.

The diploma thesis deals with an urban study on the territory of Červený kopec, specifically in the part of the territory of Stráň. It is a locality stated as a brownfield Kohnova cihelna. The proposal aims to make the most of the potential of this site, which lies in its proximity to the city center, the neighborhood of the national natural monument, a significant area of greenery and the views that this place provides due to its topographic situation. A new city district is proposed on the area of 18 hectares, which would cover one of the "brownfield holes" on the map of the city of Brno and at the same time help against the outflow of population to the outskirts of the city and against the creation of urban satellites. Numerous public opinion polls show that they would like to live close to the city, but at the same time especially young families long for their own house in a quiet countryside location. Therefore, a compact development of terraced houses, terrace villas and blocks of flats with private courtyards is proposed here, complemented by quality public space and civic amenities. This new city district would offer housing for about 3,500 new residents.

The diploma thesis is focused on the problematics of urban pollution. Mainly on the impact of human activities and their consequences. Its main intention is to analyse an urban greenery system and its effect on the quality of life in both a positive and negative ways. Furthermore the diploma thesis researches the indicators of contamination, the sources of emission and their quantity at the location. The work comperes the individual indicators and the results of emission measuring. Then it proposes a suitable solution for better urban space planning with urban greenery.