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1
Polus, Andrzej, and Wojciech J. Tycholiz. "The Norwegian Model of Oil Extraction and Revenues Management in Uganda." African Studies Review 60, no. 3 (August 14, 2017): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.88.
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Abstract:According to the latest figures, Uganda has 6.5 billion barrels of oil deposits, which makes it the third-largest oil holder in sub-Saharan Africa. Currently the country is preparing its legal and institutional framework for proper management of the oil revenues. However, developing an effective oil sector in any of the SSA states has so far proved to be a futile task. To ensure that Uganda is not going to repeat the mistakes of Nigeria, the country’s leaders have requested Norway’s assistance in preparing Uganda’s oil sector for the upcoming production phase. The major objective of this article is to determine whether the Norwegian model of oil extraction and revenues management is transplantable to the Ugandan political, economic, and social conditions.
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Kamara, JK, and AMN Renzaho. "The politics of food and the fight against hunger: Reflections and lessons from Uganda." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 14, no. 64 (July 7, 2014): 9016–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.64.13460.
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Uganda is regarded as a success story having achieved tremendous economic progress since the end of chronic civil unrest and ethnic conflicts. However, the country faces a host of developmental challenges, especially adult and child hunger in tandem with malnutrition that threatens the core foundations of the impressive economic growth. These challenges have created conditions which led to civil strife especially among the urban poor who are most affected by hunger as opposed to the rural poor who subsist on farming. Out of desperation, some sections of the society use unconventional means to fight hunger; their frustration is often directed at the established authorities. However, factors that precipitate hunger in Uganda are poorly understood. This paper examines how Ugandan politics is being reshaped by the geopolitics of food. The objective is to provide a critical analysis of factors associated with food insecurity for the growing urban population and demonstrate that the Ugandan Government can do better to address the increasing food prices and the high cost of living. The triggers of the 2011/2012 riots in urban areas and the adequacy of the government’s response will be discussed. The impact of various factors such as international food markets, population growth and increasing demands for biofuel, on the rising food and fuel prices, will be examined. The paper also reviews other forces driving food insecurity including changes in the weather patterns, the growing middle class, the impact of government policies as well the role of increased urbanisation. The paper concludes that food insecurity for the growing Ugandan population is a threat that can no longer be ignored. This paper argues that achieving food security especially for the urban poor, is an effective means of curtailing civil strife, violence and insecurity in Uganda. The government must be proactive in creating a foundation for food independence and national stability.
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Mugisha, Henry, Job Omagwa, and James Kilika. "Capital structure, market conditions and financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Buganda Region, Uganda." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 276–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i3.1153.
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Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) continue to be major players in the economic growth of Uganda as well as many of the emerging economies. The Uganda Investment Authority had projected 5.5% economic growth by 2030 in anticipation of stable market conditions necessary for the sustained financial performance of SMEs. However, the business failure rate of SMEs in Uganda had persistently revolved around 70% in 2018 from 50% in 2004. This problem had been linked to the turbulent market conditions characterized by intensive competition as well as volatile consumption behavior of the customers. Empirical literature indicates that competitive intensity, as well as volatile customer demand, presents a negative impact on financial performance. Hence, the study sought to determine the moderating effect of market conditions on the capital structure-financial performance relationship of SMEs in Uganda. From a population of 218,561 SMEs, a sample of 453 respondents was selected out of which, 423 responded to the questionnaire. Primary data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques. The hypothesis was tested at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings indicated that Market conditions had a positive and significant moderating effect on the capital structure-financial performance relationship (?= 0.175 and p = -0.027). We conclude that market conditions can strengthen/ weaken the effect of capital structure on the financial performance of SMEs. We recommend that SMEs should evaluate the market conditions during the process of deciding the financing mix for their operations to optimize the impact of capital structure on financial performance
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A. O, Tekkara, Kumakech A, Otim G, Alexandrina A, Wamani S, and Turyagyenda L. "SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING BEAN PRODUCTION IN NORTHERN UGANDA." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 7, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 1009–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v7i1.6027.
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Beans is an important source of proteins and income for poor resource households. However the yied of beans has remained very low in comparion to yields obtained under ideal management conditions. This necessitated the examination of socio-economic factors influencing bean yields of smallholder farmers in eight districts of northern Uganda. A total of 1112 farmers were randomly selected from the study area and the data was subjected to descriptive statistics and regression analysis using IBM SPSS (version 20). The results indicated that 2.3% of variation in beans yield was attributed to amount of seed and acreage planted. The study further revealed that majority of the respondents (81.7%) were practicing farming and most of them were 31-40 years of age (31%). Also, 90.4% and 59.6% of the respondents had bean gardens ranging from 1 to 2 acres and sourced seeds for planting from local market respectively. While 90.4% of the farmers didn't have access to credit, 91.7% actually had access to market information. From the study, majority of the farmers (20.4%) attained yields of either 60 - 120kgs or above 240kgs per acre. It is recommended that, the government’s effort to support agricultural mechanization for increased acreage and productivity be strengthened through private public partnership to quickly reach the smallholder farmers.
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Matte, Rogers. "Inflation Thresholds, Economic Growth and Investment Planning In Uganda." Economics, Law and Policy 2, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elp.v2n1p55.
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<p><em>Economic Planners, monetary policy custodians and civil society in Uganda often disagree on the target for inflation when their development objectives are not harmonised. When development economists argue for increased deficit spending in support of infrastructure development and capital accumulation, they are challenged in regards how much pressure the development budget should put on likely macroeconomic stability, particularly where inflation could rise above the inflation target. This paper examined the effect of inflation on economic growth in Uganda and evaluates the equilibrium rate of inflation in the country, given the macroeconomic environment.</em><em></em></p><p><em>Using the threshold model</em><em> </em><em>and data for the period 1991-2017 it is established that</em><em>:</em><em> a) below 7.3</em><em> </em><em>percent inflation level, the relationship between inflation and economic growth is positive and inflation is not harmful to growth, while at levels above 7.3 percent, inflation was detrimental to economic growth and the relationship become negative; b) at economic growth rates above 7.8 percent, inflation was an incentive for further growth, yet at economic growth rates below 7.8 percent per annum, increases in inflation served as a dis-incentive to economic growth. Therefore Uganda in the current conditions is better off maintaining inflation below 7.3 percent as long as the anticipated economic growth is 7.8 percent.</em></p>
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Perelli, Chiara, and Giacomo Branca. "Food security beyond global warming: economic and policy perspectives from Uganda." Rivista di Economia Agraria 78, no. 1 (September 26, 2023): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rea-13583.
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Climate change has severe and pervasive impacts on natural systems and affects many aspects of human life. Increasing temperatures and alterations in the regimes of precipitations are adding pressure to global agricultural systems, which are already struggling to respond to expanding global demand for food. This directly translates into additional risks for poor people living in developing countries who already face precarious food security conditions. Focusing on the case of Uganda and using household data from the National Panel Survey merged with climatic data from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, this paper explores the link between climate change and households’ food insecurity. By applying a generalized ordered logit model, this work provides quantitative evidence about the impact of climate variability on food and nutrition security of clustered food consumption groups of smallholder farmers. Among the different socio-economic and environmental variables affecting the households’ food security conditions, time and cross-sectional variations in the regime of precipitations play a crucial role. The results highlight that adaptation programmes aimed to reduce climate-induced food insecurity and improve coping abilities of rural communities should be site-specific and involve local communities with the aim of considering the specific risk exposure of the different agro-ecological areas.
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Kagaari, James, Kirabo Nakasiita, Edward Ntare, Richard Atuhaire, Ali Baguwemu, Gerald Ojok, Auma S. Okumu, et al. "Children’s conceptions of peace in two Ugandan primary schools: Insights for peace curriculum." Research in Comparative and International Education 12, no. 1 (March 2017): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499917698299.
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Oppenheimer urged communities all over the world to study how children come to understand peace, conflict, and war. Set in various countries, their review of studies, as well as more recent examinations reveal trends in how children view these phenomena, often differing by gender, age, and extent to which they were exposed to highly dangerous and traumatizing situations, like being forced to be child soldiers or sex slaves. No such research has been published in the contemporary post-war Uganda context. Using focus group methodology, we asked: How might Ugandan primary school children’s stories about peace (traditional and otherwise) help them navigate conflict? What sorts of conflicts do these children observe in their home, school, and community, and how do they describe peace as being resolved by themselves or others? The purpose of our study was to contribute to the knowledge base on peace education in Uganda and to ultimately develop written materials that students can use as part of their learning in their respective schools. Local studies like this one are relevant to the global situation because racial and economic conditions are global phenomena. The local manifestations can speak to those racial and economic conditions as perspectives not often used to put the global situation in relief. This paper explores the findings related to the children’s overarching conceptions of peace and their ideas of peacebuilding, including activities that both hinder and encourage peace. The voices of the children speak strongly of the connection between peace and access to basic necessities in the community.
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Hauser, Michael, and Mara Lindtner. "Organic agriculture in post-war Uganda: emergence of pioneer-led niches between 1986 and 1993." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 32, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170516000132.
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AbstractUganda is the largest producer of organic commodities in Africa. While most of the literature associate the start of organic agriculture in Uganda with the first certified project, no accounts exist about non-certified organic agriculture before 1993. Both in Europe and in the USA, pioneers drove non-certified organic agriculture as a response to economic, ecological and social crises. Uganda suffered two decades of civil war ending in 1986 causing multiple crises. We explore how post-war conditions influenced the emergence of organic agriculture in Uganda. We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 12 organic agriculture experts from Central and Southwestern Uganda. Interviews were held in English using interview guides informed by a transition theoretical perspective. Interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using deductive and inductive coding. Our analysis shows that the degraded environment, food insecurity and economic instability after the war created a sense of urgency for the rehabilitation of livelihoods. Pioneers, including civil society activists, farmers, entrepreneurs and researchers, responded by promoting low-cost, resource-conserving technologies and agronomic practices to smallholder farmers. Economic liberalization, decentralization and institutional vacuum eased pioneers’ activities, despite facing opponents from the government and research. Through experimental learning, demonstration farms and cooperation with the Catholic Church, public extension services, researchers and international development-oriented non-governmental organizations, pioneers reached out to farmers in Eastern, Central and Southwestern Uganda. As challenging as post-war crises may be, they offer opportunities for changing development trajectories. Therefore, reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts can accommodate sustainability concerns and allow the introduction of course-changing measures in any sector.
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Komba Rwakijuma, Leticia, and Olive Lunyolo. "Prospects of Mobilising Resources through Private-Public Partnerships (PPPs) in Private Universities in Uganda." Uganda Higher Education Review 11, no. 1 (November 30, 2023): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.58653/nche.v11i1.08.
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Higher education is important in fostering knowledge production and innovation, and in attracting global government investment. However, in developing nations like Uganda, the surging demand for higher education strains government funding for universities, with private universities being more affected. Thus, private-public partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as a remedy to ease financial burdens. Nonetheless, it is uncertain whether private universities in Uganda have embraced PPPs. Our purpose was to explore the prospects of mobilising financial resources through PPPs by private universities in Uganda. We specifically aimed at exploring the possibilities for mobilising resources through PPPs and the conditions necessary for effectively mobilising resources through PPPs by private universities. Using a qualitative research approach with a descriptive design, we conducted interviews with PPP experts from both private and public universities. We analysed data by coding, categorising and thematising. Our findings revealed various PPP possibilities, including securing facilities, utilising staff services from public institutions, securing government grants and strengthening the existing chartered private universities. We found, too, that conditions for effective PPPs were unfavourable in terms of the legal framework, government support to private universities, willingness to partner, transparency, accountability, partnering skills and the economic environment. We concluded that private universities in Uganda have shown minimal engagement in PPPs, as conditions necessary for them to mobilise resources through PPPs were unfavourable. We recommend that private universities in Uganda should actively embrace PPPs with strong government support to address resource gaps and leverage additional resources to strengthen their position in advancing knowledge and innovation, thus enhancing their contribution to national development.
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Annan, Jeannie, Christopher Blattman, Dyan Mazurana, and Khristopher Carlson. "Civil War, Reintegration, and Gender in Northern Uganda." Journal of Conflict Resolution 55, no. 6 (August 23, 2011): 877–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002711408013.
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What are the impacts of war on the participants, and do they vary by gender? Are ex-combatants damaged pariahs who threaten social stability, as some fear? Existing theory and evidence are both inconclusive and focused on males. New data and a tragic natural quasi-experiment in Uganda allow us to estimate the impacts of war on both genders, and assess how war experiences affect reintegration success. As expected, violence drives social and psychological problems, especially among females. Unexpectedly, however, most women returning from armed groups reintegrate socially and are resilient. Partly for this reason, postconflict hostility is low. Theories that war conditions youth into violence find little support. Finally, the findings confirm a human capital view of recruitment: economic gaps are driven by time away from civilian education and labor markets. Unlike males, however, females have few civilian opportunities and so they see little adverse economic impact of recruitment.
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Bbaale, Edward. "Maternal education and child nutritional status: evidence from Uganda." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2014): 52–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-06-2012-0040.
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Purpose – The debate concerning the relationship between maternal education and child nutritional status is not a foregone conclusion. This paper aims to contribute to the existing debate by examining this relationship for the case of Uganda. Design/methodology/approach – Theoretically, the study was based on household models of optimization, just like in the standard consumer theory, to gain insights into household demand for the health good. Empirically, the paper employed maximum-likelihood probit models and computed marginal effects in order to obtain logically interpretable results. Findings – The paper finds that once the socio-economic factors are controlled for, the significance of maternal education, especially primary and secondary levels, in influencing child nutrition status decays but post-secondary education persists. Therefore, if mothers are exposed to the same socio-economic conditions, it is education of the mother beyond secondary level that generates a difference in the child nutrition outcomes. Practical implications – These findings suggest that efforts to improve the child health outcomes in the future need to target measures that aim to educate women beyond secondary level. The government program to extend free education at the secondary level is a good start and should be strengthened. Originality/value – Literature presents no consensus on the effect of maternal education and child nutritional status. It is often argued that maternal education is simply a proxy for the socio-economic conditions and geographical area of residence such its significance decays once these are controlled for. Yet others argue that maternal education is a single most important factor influencing child nutritional outcomes. The debate is still very hot and this study sought to contribute to this debate for the case of Uganda.
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Kasaija, Paul D., Marinela Contreras, Fredrick Kabi, Swidiq Mugerwa, and José de la de la Fuente. "Vaccination with Recombinant Subolesin Antigens Provides Cross-Tick Species Protection in Bos indicus and Crossbred Cattle in Uganda." Vaccines 8, no. 2 (June 18, 2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020319.
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Cattle tick infestations and transmitted pathogens affect animal health, production and welfare with an impact on cattle industry in tropical and subtropical countries. Anti-tick vaccines constitute an effective and sustainable alternative to the traditional methods for the control of tick infestations. Subolesin (SUB)-based vaccines have shown efficacy for the control of multiple tick species, but several factors affect the development of new and more effective vaccines for the control of tick infestations. To address this challenge, herein we used a regional and host/tick species driven approach for vaccine design and implementation. The objective of the study was to develop SUB-based vaccines for the control of the most important tick species (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, R. decoloratus and Amblyomma variegatum) affecting production of common cattle breeds (Bos indicus and B. indicus x B. taurus crossbred) in Uganda. In this way, we addressed the development of anti-tick vaccines as an intervention to prevent the economic losses caused by ticks and tick-borne diseases in the cattle industry in Uganda. The results showed the possibility of using SUB antigens for the control of multiple tick species in B. indicus and crossbred cattle and suggested the use of R. appendiculatus SUB to continue research on vaccine design and formulation for the control of cattle ticks in Uganda. Future directions would include quantum vaccinology approaches based on the characterization of the SUB protective epitopes, modeling of the vaccine E under Ugandan ecological and epidemiological conditions and optimization of vaccine formulation including the possibility of oral administration.
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Kostylev, P. I., E. V. Krasnova, A. V. Aksenov, and J. Lamo. "The mutual study of the Ugandan and Rostov rice varieties." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 6 (December 22, 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2020-72-6-45-50.
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Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. The development of new rice varieties requires a thorough study and involvement of gene pool from different countries in breeding work. The purpose of the current study was to conduct a mutual ecological testing of the rice varieties in the Rostov region of Russia (FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”) such as ‘Akustik’, ‘Aromatik 1’, ‘Aromatny’, ‘Kuboyar’, ‘Yuzhanin’ and the Ugandan (NaCRRI) ‘Nerica 1’, ‘Nerica 4’, ‘Komboka’, ‘Wita 9’. These samples have shown a wide range of resistance to blast and other diseases. The research was carried out in the Proletarsky district of the Rostov region. As a result, the rice varieties were studied for a number of important economic and biological traits. The growing season from sowing to ripening was 131–139 days for two varieties ‘Nerica 1’ and ‘Nerica 4’ under the conditions of the Rostov region, and 110 days for the standard variety ‘Komandor’. The other two varieties ‘Komboka’ and ‘Wita 9’ were very late maturing and did not bloom. All samples had a modern low-growing plant habit with upright rigid leaves and long drooping panicles (17–23 cm). Plant height of the Ugandan varieties ranged from 70 to 90 cm. The grains were elongated with 29–31 mg of weight. Number of spikelets per panicle was 85 and 200, respectively. The varieties ‘Nerica 1’ and ‘Nerica 4’ were used in hybridization with the Russian varieties ‘Kontakt’ and ‘Boyarin’. The preliminary study of Russian rice varieties in Uganda showed that RU 105 (‘Aromatny’) and RU 101 (‘Aromatik 1’) were resistant to rice yellow spot virus (‘RYMV’), blast and brown leaf spot. The varieties were selected for further study in the conditions of Uganda.
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Austin, Kelly F. "Brewing Unequal Exchanges in Coffee: A Qualitative Investigation into the Consequences of the Java Trade in Rural Uganda." Journal of World-Systems Research 23, no. 2 (August 11, 2017): 326–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2017.668.
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This study represents a qualitative case study examining the broad impacts of coffee cultivation from a rural region in Eastern Uganda, the Bududa District. Over 20 interviews with coffee cultivators provide insights into how the coffee economy impacts gender relations, physical health, deforestation, and economic conditions. While there are some material benefits from cultivating and selling coffee beans, a lack of long-term economic stability for households and the consequences for the status of women, the health of the community, and the local environment calls into question the efficacy of coffee production as a viable development scheme that significantly enhances overall community well-being. This research hopes to bring attention to the mechanisms that enable broader unequal exchange relationships by focusing on the perspectives and experiences of growers in Bududa, Uganda, where a considerable amount of world coffee is grown and supplied to consumers in core nations.
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Abaho, Anne. "The Shadow Pandemic: COVID-19 and Gender Insecurity in Uganda." African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3622/2022/v11n2a1.
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Abstract Globally, COVID-19 was framed a security issue and thus response measures were likened to military struggles against an adversary because of its devastating socio-economic effects. Adopting a theoretical tool – securitisation characterised by preventive measures such as restricted movements, closure of public spaces, curfew and social distancing, the approach proved insensitive to gender security. For instance, from heightened use of violence and discrimination to increased economic insecurity and financial distress, men and women have disproportionately dealt with insecurity rooted in social construction of roles. Using secondary sources of literature, the paper exposed how COVID-19 and, consequently, the preventive measures deepened gender insecurity through the adoption of a theoretical tool – securitisation that is gender insensitive. From the reviewed documents, COVID-19 intensified gender insecurity through straining financial and economic conditions; exposure to violence and discrimination; and increased cases of domestic violence. The paper argued that, to avoid entrenchment of the already existing gender inequalities, the securitisation approach must be enhanced with a gendered lens to security.
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Ssewamala, Fred M., Julia Shu-Huah Wang, Rachel Brathwaite, Sicong Sun, Larissa Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Torsten B. Neilands, and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn. "Impact of a Family Economic Intervention (Bridges) on Health Functioning of Adolescents Orphaned by HIV/AIDS: A 5-Year (2012–2017) Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Uganda." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 3 (March 2021): 504–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.306044.
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Objectives. To investigate the long-term impacts of a family economic intervention on physical, mental, and sexual health of adolescents orphaned by AIDS in Uganda. Methods. Students in grades 5 and 6 from 48 primary schools in Uganda were randomly assigned at the school level (cluster randomization) to 1 of 3 conditions: (1) control (n = 487; 16 schools), (2) Bridges (1:1 savings match rate; n = 396; 16 schools), or (3) Bridges PLUS (2:1 savings match rate; n = 500; 16 schools). Results. At 24 months, compared with participants in the control condition, Bridges and Bridges PLUS participants reported higher physical health scores, lower depressive symptoms, and higher self-concept and self-efficacy. During the same period, Bridges participants reported lower sexual risk-taking intentions compared with the other 2 study conditions. At 48 months, Bridges and Bridges PLUS participants reported better self-rated health, higher savings, and lower food insecurity. During the same period, Bridges PLUS participants reported reduced hopelessness, and greater self-concept and self-efficacy. At 24 and 48 months, Bridges PLUS participants reported higher savings than Bridges participants. Conclusions. Economic interventions targeting families raising adolescents orphaned by AIDS can contribute to long-term positive health and overall well-being of these families. Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT01447615.
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Ullrich, Sarah, Doruk Ozgediz, Nasser Kakembo, Daniel Solomon, David Grabski, Phyllis Kisa, Arlene Muzira, et al. "Neonatal Surgical Conditions in Uganda and the United States: Disparities and Economic Benefit of Scaling Up Care." Pediatrics 146, no. 1_MeetingAbstract (July 1, 2020): 678–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.146.1ma7.678b.
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Stella, Neema, and Nankwanga Annet. "In Need of Care but Providers of Care: Grandparents Giving Fulltime Care to their Grandchildren in Rural Uganda." Anthropology – Open Journal 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/antpoj-4-119.
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Background In most African countries, the elderly face challenges that affect their health and wellbeing and are more pronounced because of the systemic factors of inadequate health care, food insecurity and the general care. Increasing population of the elderly persons in Uganda is raising concern than ever before. The purpose of this paper to ascertain care available to the rural elderly persons and their role as carers for their grandchildren and implications on their wellbeing. Methods This was a qualitative study conducted among the rural elderly aged 60 years and above in eight purposively selected district that included Lira, Nebbi, Kampala, Luwero, Pallisa, Jinja, Mbarara, and Ntungamo. The study sample consisted of 101 elderly person from whom in-depth interviews were conducted. Data was analysed using qualitative thematic content analysis. Results Rural elderly in Uganda face a lot of constraints that include access to healthcare and information, poor economic status, food insecurity and poor nutrition, and poor accommodation and housing conditions. Two broader themes emerged inductively from the analysis that include care available for the rural elderly and providing care to grandchildren. These themes generated several subthemes. Taking care of grandchildren crippled the elderly and reduced the economic benefits. That said some rural elderly were happy and felt fulfilled to care of the grandchildren despite the lack of resources. Conclusion The rural elderly in Uganda are living in doleful conditions with limited care and support. They need care but are the providers of care to the grandchildren. They are frails and may not afford to provide adequate care. They care for grandchildren many of whom are orphans and vulnerable yet they themselves need care. It is important the government and the community re-enforce this care not to put strain on elderly. The rural elderly unique challenges necessitates special targeting and mobilization of resources at the household, local, district and national levels.
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Thomas, Lwanga, Omweno N. Enock, and Nakacwa Kasozi Sherifah. "Socioeconomic Performance of Local Communities in Tourism Development in Kabarole District of Uganda." INOSR ARTS AND MANAGEMENT 10, no. 1 (May 28, 2024): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/inosram/2024/101.5158.
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This study examines the socioeconomic performance of local communities in tourism development in Kabarole district of Uganda. The persistent increase in number of unemployed youths with limited local participation and empowerment in regards to tourism activities in kabarole district necessitated the present study. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design with a sample of 154 respondents that was determined using Solvene’s method of sample size determination. Findings confirm that tourism tourism infrastructure has a statistically significant influence on the socio-economic performance of local communities in Kabarole district, which implyies that variations in socio-economic performance of local communities in Kabarole district are explained by tourism infrastructure. Based on the findings, the study calls for tourism destination areas in Kabarole district along with the central government should put in place deliberate conditions that can enhance the establishment of more tourism amenities. These include giving tax holidays to local and international investors who are willing to invest in amenities such as banking institutions, shopping malls. Also, the government should provide land to potential investors in Kabarole and other areas in Uganda so that more tourism amenities can be established in the country. Keywords: Investors, Socioeconomic performance, Tourism, Tourism infrastructure, Unemployment.
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Bongomin, George Okello Candiya, Atsede Woldie, and Aziz Wakibi. "Microfinance accessibility, social cohesion and survival of women MSMEs in post-war communities in sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons from Northern Uganda." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 27, no. 5 (June 30, 2020): 749–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-12-2018-0383.
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PurposeGlobally, women have been recognized as key contributors toward livelihood and poverty eradication, especially in developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa. This is due to their great involvement and participation in micro small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) that create employment and ultimately economic growth and development. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to establish the mediating role of social cohesion in the relationship between microfinance accessibility and survival of women MSMEs in post-war communities in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Northern Uganda where physical collateral were destroyed by war.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this study were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire from 395 women MSMEs who are clients of microfinance institutions in post-war communities in Northern Uganda, which suffered from the 20 years' Lord Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency. The Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software was used to analyze the data and the measurement and structural equation models were constructed to test for the mediating role of social cohesion in the relationship between microfinance accessibility and survival of women MSMEs in post-war communities.FindingsThe results revealed that social cohesion significantly and positively mediate the relationship between microfinance accessibility and survival of women MSMEs in post-war communities in Northern Uganda. The results suggest that the presence of social cohesion as a social collateral promotes microfinance accessibility by 14.6% to boost survival of women MSMEs in post-war communities where physical collateral were destroyed by war amidst lack of property rights among women. Similarly, the results indicated that social cohesion has a significant influence on survival of women MSMEs in post-war communities in Northern Uganda. Moreover, when combined together, the effect of microfinance accessibility and social cohesion exhibit greater contribution towards survival of women MSMEs in post-war communities in Northern Uganda. Indeed, social cohesion provides the social safety net (social protection) through which women can access business loans from microfinance institutions for survival and growth of their businesses.Research limitations/implicationsThis study concentrated mainly on women MSMEs located in post-war communities in developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa with a specific focus on Northern Uganda. Women MSMEs located in other regions in Uganda were not sampled in this study. Besides, the study focused only on the microfinance industry as a major source of business finance. It ignored the other financial institutions like commercial banks that equally provide access to financial services to micro-entrepreneurs.Practical implicationsThe governments in developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where there have been wars should waive-off the registration and licensing fees for grass-root associations because such social associations may act as social protection tools through which women can borrow from financial institutions like the microfinance institutions. The social groups can provide social collateral to women to replace physical collateral required by microfinance institutions in lending. Similarly, the governments, development agencies, and advocates of post-war reconstruction programs in developing countries where there have been wars, especially in sub-Saharan Africa should initiate the provision of group business loans through the existing social women associations. This may offer social protection in terms of social collateral in the absence of physical collateral required by the microfinance institutions in lending. This may be achieved through partnership with the existing microfinance institutions operating in rural areas in post-war communities in developing countries. Additionally, advocates of post-war recovery programs should work with the existing microfinance institutions to design financial products that suit the economic conditions and situations of the women MSMEs in post-war communities. The financial products should meet the business needs of the women MSMEs taking into consideration their ability to fulfil the terms and conditions of use.Originality/valueThis study revisits the role of microfinance accessibility in stimulating survival of women MSMEs as an engine for economic growth in the presence of social cohesion, especially in post-war communities in sub-Saharan Africa where physical collateral were destroyed by war. It reveals the significant role of social cohesion as a social protection tool and safety net, which contributes to economic outcomes in the absence of physical collateral and property rights among women MSMEs borrowers, especially in post-war communities.
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Kalanzi, Fred, Isaac Kiyingi, Christine Kalembe Mwanja, Hillary Agaba, Michael Malinga, Selim Reza, and Durai Jayaraman. "Morphological Characteristics and Growth Performance of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Ex J. C. Wendl in Selected Agro-Ecologies of Uganda." East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry 7, no. 1 (March 8, 2024): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.7.1.1802.
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Bamboo is a versatile and valuable resource that has been shown to have social, ecological, and economic benefits in many countries worldwide. Even though Uganda has a suitable environment for bamboo growth, it remains underutilized. One of the key challenges in promoting bamboo farming is the need for more information about the growth performance of different bamboo species in various site conditions. Therefore, this study determined the morphological characteristics and growth performance of Bambusa vulgaris in Uganda. A total of 24 bamboo farms were selected from a list of bamboo farmers provided by key informants using stratified sampling. These farms had relatively uniform B. vulgaris stands and were drawn from Uganda's three agroecological zones (AEZs): the Southwestern, West Nile, and Lake Victoria crescent agro-ecological zones. Eight temporary sample plots were established in each zone, and various growth parameters were measured. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Sidak post-hoc test was used to compare the performance of Bambusa vulgaris across the different agro-ecological zones based on growth parameters. The results of the study showed that the total above-ground biomass was highest in the Lake Victoria crescent (24.773 kg/ha), followed by the West Nile (17.141 kg/ha) and the Southwestern (15.125 kg/ha) agro-ecological zones. The growth rate of B. vulgaris after three years was found to be similar to the outstanding growth rate mentioned in the literature. The growth performance of B. vulgaris was notably better in the L. Victoria crescent compared to the West Nile and Southwestern highlands – suggesting that efforts to promote the growing of B. vulgaris should prioritize the L. Victoria crescent agro-ecological zone. Overall, this study provides valuable information on the growth performance of B. vulgaris in different agro-ecological zones in Uganda. This information can be used to guide the promotion and development of bamboo farming in the country, which has the potential to improve livelihoods and contribute to sustainable development
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Deusdedit, Byabashaija, Rwasheema Enos, and Baluku Habert. "Staff Retention and Organizational Performance in Kasese District in Western Uganda." Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 11, no. 09 (September 25, 2023): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2023.v11i09.002.
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The pragmatic study evaluated the association between Staff Retention and Organizational performance in Kasese District in Western Uganda. The inquiry study utilized a cross sectional survey research design with quantitative and qualitative mockups. A sample of 148 participants were carefully chosen from 240 individuals using a table developed by Morgan & Kreijcie (1970). Information was assembled by means of questionnaires and interview schedules. Data was appraised using frequencies, percentages, Pearson linear correlation coefficient (PLCC) for quantitative measurements and thematic analysis was engaged for organizing qualitative proof. The study verdicts came up with a significant relationship between Staff retention and Organizational Performance in Kasese District in Western Uganda. The project team concluded that Staff Retention is vital for increasing the productivity of an organization especially in local governments because it conventions with issues to do with stability of tenure of office. If the employees are well retained in an organization, they can be a source of motivation for socio-economic development of local governments at large. From the research project results, the academics recommended that Staff Retention in Kasese district sub-national government in Uganda should continuously put in place better conditions of work such as descent accommodation, free medical care, payment of overtime allowances and giving scholarships for those who want go for further studies. This can be done through putting in place operational committees to make sure that government policies on staff retention are well cherished and implemented. The government of Uganda should increase on the budget meant to facilitate staff retention function in Human Resource Department so that a big number of local government employees can be retained for effective service delivery in Kasese District local government.
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Howard, Guy, and Jamie Bartram. "Effective water supply surveillance in urban areas of developing countries." Journal of Water and Health 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2005.0004.
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Water supply surveillance generates data on the safety and adequacy of drinking water supply in order to contribute to the protection of human health. Most current models of water supply surveillance for urban areas come from developed countries and have significant shortcomings if directly applied elsewhere. There are differences not only in socio-economic conditions but also in the nature of water supply services, which often comprise a complex mixture of formal and informal services for both the ‘served’ and ‘unserved’. The development of approaches to water supply surveillance that allow targeting of activities on priority groups is assessed based on case studies from Peru and Uganda. The development of a zoning approach that incorporates indices for vulnerability is shown to be a useful tool to assist surveillance in targeting data collection. Zoning also assists in targeting subsequent interventions into communities and strategies where public health gains are likely to be greatest. Two approaches to urban zoning are presented from Peru and Uganda, both of which are effective.
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Lwasa, Shuaib. "Drought and Flood Risk, Impacts and Adaptation Options for Resilience in Rural Communities of Uganda." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 9, no. 1 (January 2018): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2018010103.
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Climate change is affecting many rural resource-poor communities unequivocally with differing magnitude, severity and frequency of drought risk from one locale to another especially in Africa. At micro spatial scale of households and villages, climate change risk trends and hazards vary spatially, coupling with social, economic and locational conditions. This paper analyzes vulnerability and impacts of climate change from droughts and floods in a rural community with varied geographies across social, economic and environmental profiles in Uganda. In recent years, studies have shown that droughts have increased form 1 in 10 years to 1 in 6 years and the worst affected area is the semi-arid zone of Uganda that spans from south western through central parts to the north-eastern parts of the country. In the study area of Pallisa, located in the eastern central part of the semi-arid zone, droughts and floods impacts on livelihoods, people and assets are eroding the asset-base for the households. Yet the household assets are important in adaptation and resilience of the community. As a natural resource dependent community like many others, evidence strongly suggests increasing climate risks of droughts and floods the impacts of which are worsening the already grim conditions of community well-being. This paper analyses the climate risks utilizing the vulnerability assessment framework. A scenario-based analysis that integrates community evaluation of vulnerability with climate data to analyze current and future vulnerabilities in a spatial context is conducted to examine spatial differences in vulnerability. Various multi-scale adaptation strategies are analyzed in respect to the climate change risks to assess the resilient capacity of the community to current and future vulnerabilities.
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Paudyal, Sushil. "Realizing the Potential of Eastern Uganda’s Smallholder Dairy Sector through Participatory Evaluation." Agriculture 14, no. 7 (July 18, 2024): 1173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14071173.
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This study explored smallholder dairy production and cattle welfare in Eastern Uganda using mixed methods evaluation approaches. A focus group of 17 members performed a SWOT analysis of local farms, identifying strengths like available land, forage, and community support but weaknesses including disease, parasites, and lack of technologies. Field assessments of 12 farms using a modified Welfare Quality® protocol revealed 25% had inadequate body condition; 33% lacked adequate water access; 50% provided comfortable housing; and 42% had animals with health issues. Six recommendations were formulated to address needs via training, veterinary services access, data systems, finance, milk market development, and pasture improvements. Though struggling with resource constraints and animal health, eastern Uganda’s favorable climate and community present opportunities to enhance productivity and welfare with targeted actions like skills development and access to technologies. However, external inputs require alignment with smallholder realities. Findings detail current conditions while highlighting local perspectives to guide appropriate innovations sensitive to economic limitations and values-based motives. Collaborating with producers to incrementally elevate management can improve livelihoods and animal well-being.
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Rydhagen, Birgitta. "Flytande kroppar. Saltsjön Katwe och dess arbetare." Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 37, no. 1 (June 10, 2022): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v37i1.3163.
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In Salt Lake Katwe in Uganda, workers extract salt by manual labour and sell to local buyers for animal and industrial consumption. This material practice affects their skin by corrosion and dehydration. Interviews with salt workers, stakeholder workshops and discussions on Ministry level were undertaken with the aim to understand innovative practices to improve livelihoods, working conditions and economic revenue without deserting the manual labour and local scale organization of work. In this paper, feminist materialist theories and geographies of scale are applied in an effort to understand and discuss future opportunities for sustainability. To overcome the dichotomy between development and liquidation, the concept of revelopment is introduced.
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Buda, Gergely. "Seven Businesses Using Principles of Circular Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Results of Field Research in Uganda." Afrika Tanulmányok / Hungarian Journal of African Studies 16, no. 1 (June 23, 2022): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/at.2022.16.1.1.
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Sub-Saharan Africa is facing multiple challenges regarding waste management, economic productivity, and climate change, all of which seriously endanger sustainable development. The concept of circular economy provides potential solutions for addressing this complex, multidimensional challenge. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the academic research and understanding of the circular economy’s status, its application, and its limits in the Sub-Saharan African context. Therefore, the study presents seven Ugandan businesses and entrepreneurs which apply circu- lar economy practices in their operations based on field research conducted in May 2021. The examples touch on plastic recycling, agriculture, carpentry, textile, and paper and packaging industries. The main economic benefits generated are lower input costs, saved waste management costs, and better products for consumers. The improvement of waste collection as well as the reduction of waste landfills and GHG emissions can be considered the most significant environmental benefits. Beside job and additional income creation, better hygienic conditions and improved food nutrient content represent important social benefits. The primary challenges are formed by machinery and production problems which, along with fierce competition over imported products, limit the achievement of economies of scale to support economic sustainability of these initiatives.
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Babirye Magala, Damalie, Jerry Egessa, Jackie Atim, Godfrey Sseruwu, and Teopista Namirimu. "Measures for Reducing Tomato Post-Harvest Losses at Farmer Level in the Lake Victoria Crescent Agro-Ecological Zone." Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22, no. 1 (May 20, 2024): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujas.v22i1.6.
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Globally, tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) are recognized as a significant vegetable crop with nutritional, health, and economic importance. In Uganda, small-scale tomato farmers, obtain low yields due to biotic and abiotic conditions of pests, diseases, lack of irrigation, and insufficient knowledge of sustainable farming practices. Post-harvest losses further hinder tomato production by limiting the amount of high-quality produce reaching the market. This study used a largely qualitative approach to understand the mechanisms tomato farmers in Wakiso and Luwero districts in Central Uganda use to reduce post-harvest losses at farm level. The study reveals that the Assila F1 Hybrid is the predominant variety—chosen for its firmness, extended shelf life, and resistance to pests and diseases. Farmers adopted staggered planting to manage post-harvest losses, harvesting mature green tomatoes in the morning and evening. However, a lack of technical expertise resulted in a deficiency of deliberate post-harvest treatments, and the absence of a mandatory body for produce inspection negatively impacted quality. Individual sales by farmers without standardized measurements also contributed to exploitation by middlemen. The study recommends farmers’ capacity building in appropriate post-harvest handling practices.
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Katumba, Kenneth R., Cally J. Tann, Emily L. Webb, Patrick Tenywa, Margaret Nampijja, Janet Seeley, and Giulia Greco. "The economic burden incurred by families caring for a young child with developmental disability in Uganda." PLOS Global Public Health 3, no. 4 (April 19, 2023): e0000953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000953.
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Each year, nearly 30 million children globally are at risk of developmental difficulties and disability as a result of newborn health conditions, with the majority living in resource-constrained countries. This study estimates the annual cost to families related to caring for a young child with developmental disability in Uganda. Nested within a feasibility trial of early care and support for young children with developmental disabilities, this sub-study estimated the cost of illness, the cost of paternal abandonment of the caregiver and the affordability of care by household. Seventy-three caregivers took part in this sub-study. The average annual cost of illness to families was USD 949. The main cost drivers were the cost of seeking care and income lost due to loss of employment. Households caring for a child with a disability spent more than the national average household expenditure, and the annual cost of illness for all households was more than 100% of the national GDP per capita. In addition, 84% of caregivers faced economic consequences and resorted to wealth-reducing coping strategies. Families caring for a child with severe impairment incurred USD 358 more on average than those with mild or moderate impairment. Paternal abandonment was common (31%) with affected mothers losing an average of USD 430 in financial support. Caring for a young child with developmental disability was unaffordable to all the study households. Programmes of early care and support have the potential to reduce these financial impacts. National efforts to curb this catastrophic health expenditure are necessary.
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Ekyalimpa, Ronald, Carlton Kanyike, Methodius Ruhangaatwiine, Getaneh Gezahegne Tiruneh, and Hexu Liu. "Factor Analysis for In Situ Reinforced Concrete Beam Production: A Principal Component Analysis Approach." Buildings 14, no. 7 (July 4, 2024): 2041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14072041.
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The construction industry, a driver for economic development worldwide, faces productivity challenges in Uganda, particularly in labour-intensive activities like in situ concrete beam construction. This study aims to identify and rank the factors influencing the production rate of reinforced in situ concrete beam construction in Kampala and Wakiso districts using principal component analysis (PCA). These factors including but not limited to weather, beam design and site conditions represent the independent variables while the production rate is the dependent variable. These variables were contextualized using a mixed-method approach in which data were collected from 20 construction sites through on-site measurements, a literature review and interviews. PCA was then employed to analyse the data and isolate the most influential factors on production rate, singling out beam length, daily temperature, the number of helpers, and the number of steel fixers, with average coefficients of 0.98, 0.882, 0.78, and 0.36, respectively, as the most significant. Therefore, this study provides an empirical ranking of factors influencing in situ concrete beam construction production rates, offering a foundation for better resource allocation and project management in Uganda’s construction sector.
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Were, Florence Namuswa, James Runaku, and Henry Onzere Chavasu. "The Socio-Economic Life of Fisher Communities Living on the Migingo Island of Lake Victoria." African Journal of Empirical Research 4, no. 2 (November 13, 2023): 1033–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.4.2.105.
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Using a qualitative methodology and a descriptive research design, this study examined the socioeconomic conditions of Migingo Island in 1991. Theories of liberalism and power informed the study through the use of phenomenological techniques, such as focus groups, oral interviews, archived materials, and secondary data. The results show that the socioeconomic dynamics of Migingo Island are related to geopolitical issues, including the territorial conflicts between Kenya and Uganda. The fishing sector fosters economic cooperation, but it also raises challenges related to cleanliness and congestion. The study promotes inclusive approaches that involve local stakeholders in order to guarantee sustainable development in the area. Based on the findings, the study recommended that clear governance and jurisdiction agreements be established to alleviate tensions. Furthermore, investment in basic services like education and healthcare is essential for human development. Involving local stakeholders in community-driven solutions and promoting diplomatic conflict resolution could help foster stability and sustainable development. Addressing these issues is vital for the well-being of Migingo Island and its residents, while also reflecting larger geopolitical concerns.
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Selelo, Mohale Ernest, and Magatane Tshwarelo Mashilo. "Democracy as an Elite Tool for Oppressing the Majority: A Case of Selected African Countries." Journal of Governance Risk Management Compliance and Sustainability 3, no. 2 (October 31, 2023): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/jgrcs.v3i2.1860.
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This paper seeks to establish and investigate the incontrovertible scenarios that the people of Zimbabwe and Uganda experienced during the dawn of democracy. This paper argues that "democracy" is a system beneficial to the elites but unbearable and detrimental to the livelihoods of ordinary people in Zimbabwe and Uganda. The democratic breakthrough in these countries brought hope, confidence, and zest to the proletariats that their dire socio-economic conditions would be transformed for the better. But little did they know that their conditions would be exacerbated than ever before. The high levels of inequalities, poverty and unemployment in these countries continue to haunt the people. Unfortunately, this happens under the ambit of AU, which is tight-lipped to such conditions people are going through. Regrettably, it appears as if the ones who are in positions of leadership are fueling the abuse of democracy, wherein they abuse their power in government to orchestrate their illegitimate shenanigans. Subsequently, human rights are often violated and suppressed when the “mighty” officials want to influence the processes of democracy with a direct autocratic system. Despite the calls from the UN that human rights and democracy should be respected and adhered to, people continue to witness the violence and suppression of such principles under the ambit of democratic governments. This paper uses a qualitative research approach to analyze the scenarios of the abuse of democracy in these countries. This paper finds that the violation of freedom of expression, assembly, and freedom of association is prevalent in these countries. Therefore, the paper recommends that structures such as the AU should enforce their responsibilities to safeguard and protect the rights of the people as per democratic states.
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Rossouw, Laura, and Hana Ross. "Understanding Period Poverty: Socio-Economic Inequalities in Menstrual Hygiene Management in Eight Low- and Middle-Income Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052571.
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Menstrual hygiene management and health is increasingly gaining policy importance in a bid to promote dignity, gender equality and reproductive health. Effective and adequate menstrual hygiene management requires women and girls to have access to their menstrual health materials and products of choice, but also extends into having private, clean and safe spaces for using these materials. The paper provides empirical evidence of the inequality in menstrual hygiene management in Kinshasa (DRC), Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Rajasthan (India), Indonesia, Nigeria and Uganda using concentration indices and decomposition methods. There is consistent evidence of wealth-related inequality in the conditions of menstrual hygiene management spaces as well as access to sanitary pads across all countries. Wealth, education, the rural-urban divide and infrastructural limitations of the household are major contributors to these inequalities. While wealth is identified as one of the key drivers of unequal access to menstrual hygiene management, other socio-economic, environmental and household factors require urgent policy attention. This specifically includes the lack of safe MHM spaces which threaten the health and dignity of women and girls.
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Fosca, Wasswa Rodrick. "Understanding the Influential Factors of Teenage Pregnancy in Kirumya Sub-county, Bundibugyo District, Western Uganda." IAA Journal of Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (October 12, 2023): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/iaajas/2023/8.1.1000.
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Teenage pregnancy remains a pressing global concern, impacting public health and development on multiple fronts. This study focused on probing the specific factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in Kirumya sub-county, Bundibugyo District, in western Uganda. Its objectives centered on determining the prevalence of teenage pregnancy, identifying key contributing factors, and highlighting the challenges faced by adolescents contending with early pregnancies. Engaging fifty teenage mothers and drawing insights from ten key informants, the study employed face-to-face individual interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) for data collection. The research uncovered an alarming prevalence of teenage pregnancy, estimated at 30-40%, surpassing the national average of 25%. Several interconnected factors drove this heightened incidence, including inadequate parental guidance, limited educational opportunities for teenagers, negative cultural norms, challenging socio-economic conditions, insufficient access to youth-friendly services and contraceptives, and a dearth of supportive environments for proper child rearing and development. Furthermore, the study shed light on the significant challenges faced by teenage mothers, encompassing the weight of childcare responsibilities, parental discrimination, and a lack of spousal support. In summary, the study revealed the pronounced prevalence of teenage pregnancy in Bundibugyo District, largely stemming from social, cultural, and institutional factors. Its recommendations advocate collaborative efforts among government entities, NGOs, schools, and parents, emphasizing improved sex education, enhanced accessibility to youth-friendly services, and the establishment of comprehensive social, economic, and psychological support networks for teenage mothers navigating this intricate landscape. Keywords: teenage pregnancy, associated factors, women.
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Kaiser, Tania. "Between a camp and a hard place: rights, livelihood and experiences of the local settlement system for long-term refugees in Uganda." Journal of Modern African Studies 44, no. 4 (November 1, 2006): 597–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x06002102.
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Drawing on qualitative research with refugees in and outside formal settlements, this article challenges characterisations of Uganda's UNHCR-supported refugee settlement system as un-problematically successful. It shows that by denying refugees freedom of movement, the settlement system undermines their socio-economic and other rights. Refugees who remain outside the formal system of refugee registration and settlement are deprived of the refugee status to which they are entitled under international law. The article questions the conventional opposition between refugees living in and out of refugee settlements in the Ugandan context, revealing a more complex and interconnected dynamic than is often assumed. It suggests that those refugees with some external support may be able to escape the confines of remote rural settlements, where refugee agricultural livelihoods are seriously compromised by distance from markets, unfavourable climatic conditions, exhausted soil and inadequate inputs. It argues that refugee livelihoods face more rather than fewer challenges as exile becomes protracted, and concludes that the government and UNHCR's Self Reliance Strategy (SRS) has not yet managed to overcome the contradiction inherent in denying people freedom of movement, without supporting them effectively to meet their needs in the places to which they are restricted.
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Galabuzi, Charles, Hillary Agaba, Sammy Carsan, and Catherine Muthuri. "Species selection in unfamiliar terrain: participants’ preferences and practices around Mount Elgon, Uganda." Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal 6, no. 1 (April 18, 2024): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/freij.2024.06.00113.
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Efforts to restore the world forests and trees are obviously significant and still increasing. Selection of tree species in this context is based on prevailing challenges impacting on livelihood needs. A study was conducted around Mount Elgon between January 2018 and July 2020. The objectives were to; i) document the socio-economic factors of participants in tree multiplication and planting, ii) identify the farmers practices and choice of species used under farming contexts iii) assess the relationship between the participants socio-economic factors, practices and choices of tree species. A multi-stage sampling approach was followed to select a total of 150 participants. The participants were engaged through semi-structured and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed in MINITAB 19. Results show that tree multiplication and planting activities were dominated (84%) by a vibrant group of males between the ages of 15 and 40 years old. Up to 60% of this group were illiterate or inexperienced in tree planting and multiplication. Exotic trees (containing Eucalyptus grandis, Grevillea robusta and Neolamarckia cadamba) were highly valued for firewood, timber and small stems used to support food crops including Musa spp., Phaseolus vulgaris and Solanum lycopersicum. The indigenous species (mainly Cordia africana, Maesopsis eminii, Albizia spp. and Ficus spp.) were on the other hand treasured for shade in the coffee-banana farming systems as well as serving social-cultural benefits, counting medicine and rituals. The participants gender significantly influenced the choice of tree species adopted (P<0.001). For example, the men were more interested in timber and carbon related tree species while the women and the youths were generally involved in apiculture and fruit tree growing. With all the anticipated benefits and publicity about the exotic trees in this region, the participants have no choice but to follow the advice from the various tree planting campaigns. We recommend co-operation of the stakeholders especially during tree germplasm selection in order to meet performance expectations. The expectations include developing individual species breeding protocols based on site conditions for tree seed collection, seedling multiplication and planting.
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Mpomwenda, Veronica, Tumi Tómasson, Jón Geir Pétursson, Anthony Taabu-Munyaho, Herbert Nakiyende, and Daði Mar Kristófersson. "Adaptation Strategies to a Changing Resource Base: Case of the Gillnet Nile Perch Fishery on Lake Victoria in Uganda." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 2376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042376.
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Sustainable management of fisheries has proven to be a daunting exercise for Lake Victoria. Exploitation patterns in the fishery are driven by fishers who adopt different strategies as a response to changing economic, management, socio-economic, and resource conditions. Fisheries managers, however, seldom consider these changes in management policies. The aim of the study, therefore, was to evaluate the adaptation strategies of the Nile perch gillnet fishers on Lake Victoria in Uganda using 8-year catch and effort data collected in the period from 2005 to 2015. Trends of the selected effort and catch variables in the study period identified two adaptive fishing strategies by gillnet fishers on the lake. The first group, the paddled fishermen whose gillnet use varied in the first half of the study, diverted to harvesting juvenile Nile perch by using smaller, mesh sizes, monofilament nets and gillnets of less depth in the second half of the study. Motorized fishers, on the other hand, maintained their mesh size, using multifilament gillnets, however, they increased the depth of their nets in the second half of the study period to maintain their targeted fish size. Fishers on Lake Victoria adapted strategies to cope with their constraints and opportunities based on the Nile perch population structure and their economic needs. It is important for fishery managers to consider that the fishers are an integral part of the fisheries ecosystems, and considering their behavior in management decisions will aid in devising adaptive policies for sustainable resource use and sustainable livelihood development of the fishers’ communities.
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Salim, Al-Busaidy Swalah Suleiman. "Assessment of Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence and Associated Complications among Patients at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital." IDOSR JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ALLIED FIELDS 8, no. 3 (December 31, 2023): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jbbaf/23/14.5311.
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In recent years, Africa has witnessed a notable shift in its disease landscape from acute infectious conditions to chronic non-communicable diseases like diabetes. The economic impact of diabetes and its complications has become a significant concern, affecting individuals, families, healthcare systems, and national economies through direct medical costs and productivity loss. Uganda, in particular, has observed a rising prevalence of diabetes, with the Uganda Diabetes Association reporting a 1.4% prevalence, accounting for approximately 500,000 individuals affected. This surge in diabetes presents a dual challenge as both a public health issue and an economic burden, necessitating vigilant monitoring and stringent management. Recognizing its profound public health implications in terms of morbidity, mortality, and cost, a comprehensive investigation into the prevalence and complications of diabetes mellitus was conducted at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital (JRRH). Using a retrospective facility-based cross-sectional study design encompassing qualitative and quantitative approaches, this research reviewed 784 patient records admitted to JRRH from January 2018 to December 2018. The findings revealed a notably high prevalence of diabetes mellitus at 8.2%. Noteworthy gender disparities were observed, with a higher prevalence among males (12%) than females (6%) within the studied population. Moreover, urban dwellers exhibited a higher susceptibility to diabetes compared to rural counterparts, and the risk was observed to escalate with age. Complications associated with diabetes mellitus were alarmingly prevalent, reaching 89.23%, predominantly characterized by microvascular complications, accounting for 56.90%. Despite the severity of complications, the case fatality rate stood at 1.54%, lower than the documented 4%, possibly influenced by a spectrum of contributing factors both positive and negative. The study underscores the urgency for increased focus on diabetes care in Jinja, emphasizing the imperative for further research, robust health education initiatives, and enhanced funding allocation toward managing this escalating health concern. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diseases, Public Health, Complications, Males and Females.
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Vanderpuye, Inez Naaki, Samuel Antwi Darkwah, and Iva Živělová. "The System of Land Ownership and Its Effect on Agricultural Production: The Case of Ghana." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 5 (April 15, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n5p57.
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Most African continents have pressing issues on individual rights to property and natural resources, given the relatively poor economic conditions and the belief of personal ownership to a property right (Joireman, 2008). Ghana, like many African countries like Mozambique and Uganda, have laws to the right of property that is the traditional system of land rights. Most of the African countries depend on the large share of natural capital from the natural resources for the economic growth of the country. Some emerging economies can have sustained economic growth due to their reliance on natural resources such as oil and gas. This paper investigates property rights, land ownership, and land inheritance and their effect on agricultural production in Ghana. To undertake this research, a sample of 35 respondents were analysed using the SPSS software. The analysis was based on characteristics such as gender, age, and educational level of the respondents. The research results indicate that men inherit more than women, and family ownership is the most popular type of land inheritance in Ghana. Also, people with a lower level of education are likely to inherit the land and own land. Finally, the patrilineal system is the most popular system of inheritance in Ghana.
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McQuaid, Katie, Robert M. Vanderbeck, Gill Valentine, Chen Liu, Lily Chen, Mei Zhang, and Kristina Diprose. "Urban climate change, livelihood vulnerability and narratives of generational responsibility in Jinja, Uganda." Africa 88, no. 1 (January 9, 2018): 11–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972017000547.
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AbstractThere is an urgent need to understand lived experiences of climate change in the context of African cities, where even small climate shocks can have significant implications for the livelihoods of the urban poor. This article examines narratives of climate and livelihood changes within Jinja Municipality, Uganda, emphasizing how Jinja's residents make sense of climate change through their own narrative frames rather than through the lens of global climate change discourses. We demonstrate how the onset of climate change in Jinja is widely attributed to perceived moral and environmental failings on the part of a present generation that is viewed as both more destructive than previous generations and unable to preserve land, trees and other resources for future generations. A focus on local ontologies of climate change highlights how the multiple, intersecting vulnerabilities of contemporary urban life in Jinja serve to obfuscate not only the conditions of possibility of an immediate future, but the longer-term horizons for future generations, as changing weather patterns exacerbate existing challenges people face in adapting to wider socio-economic changes and rising livelihood vulnerability. This form of analysis situates changing climate and environments within the context of everyday urban struggles and emphasizes the need for civic participation in developing climate change strategies that avoid the pitfalls of climate reductionism. The article draws on more than 150 qualitative interviews, generational dialogue groups, and creative methods based on research-led community theatre.
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Bongomin, George Okello Candiya, John C. Munene, Joseph Mpeera Ntayi, and Charles Akol Malinga. "Collective action among rural poor." International Journal of Bank Marketing 37, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 20–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-08-2017-0174.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish the mediating role of collective action in the relationship between financial intermediation and financial inclusion of the poor in rural Uganda.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses structural equation modeling (SEM) through bootstrap approach constructed using analysis of moment structures to test for the mediating role of collective action in the relationship between financial intermediation and financial inclusion of the poor in rural Uganda. Besides, the paper adopts Baron and Kenny’s (1986) approach to establish whether conditions for mediation by collective action exist.FindingsThe results revealed that collective action significantly mediates the relationship between financial intermediation and financial inclusion of the poor in rural Uganda. The findings further indicated that the mediated model had better model fit indices than the non-mediated model under SEM bootstrap. Furthermore, the results showed that both collective action and financial intermediation have significant and direct impacts on financial inclusion of the poor in rural Uganda. Therefore, the findings suggest that the presence of collective action boost financial intermediation for improved financial inclusion of the poor in rural Uganda.Research limitations/implicationsThe study used quantitative data collected through cross-sectional research design. Further studies through the use of interviews could be adopted in future. Methodologically, the study adopted use of SEM bootstrap approach to establish the mediating effect of collective action. However, it ignored the Sobel’s test and MedGraph methods. Future studies could adopt the use of alternative methods of Sobel’s test and MedGraph. Additionally, the study focused only on semi-formal financial institutions. Hence, further studies may consider the use of data collected from formal and informal institutions.Practical implicationsPolicy makers and managers of financial institutions should consider the role of collective action in promoting economic development, especially in developing countries. They should create structures and design financial services and products that promote collective action among the poor in rural Uganda.Originality/valueAlthough several scholars have articulated financial inclusion based on both the supply and demand side factors, this is the first study to test the mediating role of collective action in the relationship between financial intermediation and financial inclusion of the poor in rural Uganda using SEM bootstrap approach. Theoretically, the study combines the role of collective action with financial intermediation to promote financial inclusion. Financial intermediation theory ignores the role played by collective action in the intermediation process between the surplus and deficit units.
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Oloka Onyango, Joe. "Unpacking the African Backlash to the International Criminal Court (ICC): The Case of Uganda and Kenya." Strathmore Law Journal 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 41–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52907/slj.v4i1.44.
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From early bright beginnings and close cooperation, African relations with the International Criminal Court (ICC or Court) have recently witnessed a sharp deterioration. The explanations for this fall-out vary from the personal style of the first Prosecutor of the Court—Luis Moreno Ocampo—to the lack of a comprehensive appreciation of the reasons for which the institution was established in the first instance. This article specifically zeroes in on the troubled interactions between the Court and the governments of Uganda and Kenya. These two instances demonstrate that while the charge of anti-African bias has become the dominant discourse of contemporary scholarship on the issue, structural and systemic factors are not given enough attention. Particular attention is given to the way the cases of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) and President Uhuru Kenyatta (from Uganda and Kenya respectively) found their way to the ICC and the subsequent developments relating thereto. In doing so, the article explores, among other factors, the way International Criminal Justice was politicised, and its links to enduring questions of global political and economic inequality. Such conditions of inequality find manifestation in the backlash by African countries towards what has been described as the ICC’s selective approach. At the same time, opportunism and double-standards abound on all sides as there is both an inconsistent and hypocritical embrace of the basic tenets of International Criminal Law and Justice. Ultimately, the victims of human rights violations are short-changed while those actors who really need to be brought to account remain beyond sanction.
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Katusiime, Lorna. "International monetary spillovers and macroeconomic stability in developing countries." National Accounting Review 3, no. 3 (2021): 310–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/nar.2021016.
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<abstract> <p>This paper analyses the impact of international spillovers on macroeconomic stability in developing countries. Specifically, the study investigates the impact of United States (US) monetary policy spillovers in the form of US inflation and Federal funds interest rate on Uganda and Kenya's inflation rates, interest rates and the exchange rates, key macroeconomic indicators of importance to macroeconomic stability. The focus on international spillovers from the USA is due to the dominant role it plays in determining global economic conditions. The study applies the Generalized Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) approach to quantify spillovers across these economies. The results shows that despite recent efforts towards East African regional integration, international spillovers from global economies like the US are more significant in determining macroeconomic stability in developing countries, underscoring the importance of global policy coordination. Specifically, we find an amplification of return and volatility spillovers after the onset of the Global financial crisis.</p> </abstract>
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Trimmer, John T., Neema Nakyanjo, Robert Ssekubugu, Marc Sklar, James R. Mihelcic, and Sarina J. Ergas. "Assessing the promotion of urine-diverting dry toilets through school-based demonstration facilities in Kalisizo, Uganda." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 6, no. 2 (May 31, 2016): 276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.045.
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Urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDTs) are designed to recover nutrients and organic matter from human excreta for agricultural reuse. Their wider implementation could help address problems in areas where water scarcity limits coverage of sanitation systems and declining soil fertility jeopardizes nutritional security. Demonstration facilities can improve stakeholders’ views of UDDTs; however, it is uncertain whether these facilities should be located at households or institutions. Using a novel methodological approach that included qualitative data collection before and after introduction of demonstration UDDTs and quantitative monitoring of treatment conditions, this study evaluated changes in local attitudes and knowledge resulting from a UDDT promotion strategy at two primary schools in Uganda. Before introduction, students had little knowledge of UDDT facilities, while most attitude-related statements conveyed negative viewpoints and skepticism. After introduction and six months of operation, students exhibited increased knowledge, and 68% of attitude-related statements conveyed positive opinions that focused on the UDDTs’ long-term economic value and their role in creating a more hygienic school environment. These changes were seen in facility users and in other students at the schools who were non-users. In the future, with these improved perceptions, students could become compelling representatives for UDDTs within their communities, potentially increasing adoption.
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Werner, Kalin, Nicholas Risko, Joseph Kalanzi, Lee A. Wallis, and Teri A. Reynolds. "Cost-effectiveness analysis of the multi-strategy WHO emergency care toolkit in regional referral hospitals in Uganda." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): e0279074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279074.
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Background Low- and middle-income countries bear a disproportionate amount of the global burden of disease from emergency conditions. To improve the provision of emergency care in low-resource settings, a multifaceted World Health Organization (WHO) intervention introduced a toolkit including Basic Emergency Care training, resuscitation area guidelines, a trauma registry, a trauma checklist, and triage tool in two public hospital sites in Uganda. While introduction of the toolkit revealed a large reduction in the case fatality rate of patients, little is known about the cost-effectiveness and affordability. We analysed the cost-effectiveness of the toolkit and conducted a budget analysis to estimate the impact of scale up to all regional referral hospitals for the national level. Methods A decision tree model was constructed to assess pre- and post-intervention groups from a societal perspective. Data regarding mortality were drawn from WHO quality improvement reports captured at two public hospitals in Uganda from 2016–2017. Cost data were drawn from project budgets and included direct costs of the implementation of the intervention, and direct costs of clinical care for patients with disability. Development costs were not included. Parameter uncertainty was assessed using both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Our model estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of implementing the WHO emergency care toolkit measuring all costs and outcomes as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) over a lifetime, discounting both costs and outcomes at 3.5%. Results Implementation of the WHO Toolkit averted 1,498 DALYs when compared to standard care over a one-year time horizon. The initial investment of $5,873 saved 34 lives (637 life years) and avoided $1,670,689 in downstream societal costs, resulted in a negative incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, dominating the comparator scenario of no intervention. This would increase to saving 884 lives and 25,236 DALYs annually with national scale up. If scaled to a national level the total intervention cost over period of five years would be $4,562,588 or a 0.09% increase of the total health budget for Uganda. The economic gains are estimated to be $29,880,949 USD, the equivalent of a 655% return on investment. The model was most sensitive to average annual cash income, discount rate and frequency survivor is a road-traffic incident survivor, but was robust for all other parameters. Conclusion Improving emergency care using the WHO Toolkit produces a cost-savings in a low-resource setting such as Uganda. In alignment with the growing body of literature highlighting the value of systematizing emergency care, our findings suggest the toolkit could be an efficient approach to strengthening emergency care systems.
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Opiro, Keneth, Derrick Amone, Amos Wokorach, Margret Sikoti, and Felix Bongomin. "Acute Poisoning Emergencies at Gulu University Teaching Hospitals in Northern Uganda: Prevalence, Outcomes and Clinical Challenges." East African Journal of Health and Science 7, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajhs.7.1.1711.
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Acute poisonings, including envenomation as well as toxicological emergencies stemming from accidental or intentional ingestion of poisonous substances or drug overdose, are significant worldwide causes of morbidity and mortality. The study aimed to characterise acute poisoning emergencies admitted to two major hospitals in Northern Uganda. We conducted a retrospective review of charts of all patients admitted with acute poisoning emergencies between January and December 2021, as well as a structured interview of hospital staff working in these hospitals on challenges faced while managing these emergencies. Of the total 40,653 patient admissions, 416 (1%) were due to acute poisonings. The majority were admitted to SMHL (71.4%), 43.3% were between 20 and 40 years of age, and 59.9% were males. The average length of hospital stay was 1 (0-3). The most frequent diagnoses were acute alcohol intoxications (27.2%, n=113), snake bites (26.0%, n=108), and organophosphate poisonings (21.2%, n=88). Only 29.6% (n=123) of patients received antidotes. Peak admissions were observed in February, May, and July. The majority of poisonings were intentional (61.3%), resulting in a Case Fatality Rate of 6.3%. In the qualitative findings, participants highlighted key challenges in managing these conditions, including the lack of antidotes, patients presenting late at the hospital, economic barriers, staff shortages, and limited community awareness. Acute poisoning, especially acute alcoholic intoxication, snake bites and organophosphate poisoning, are common in northern Uganda, with significant numbers dying from it. The lack of antidotes remains a problem in these hospitals. Restriction of alcohol consumption use of agricultural organophosphates, and training of healthcare workers in managing these emergencies are recommended
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Lukianenko, Iryna, and Yevhen Riabtsun. "Global Investment and Development Trends in the Fintech Secto." Scientific Papers NaUKMA. Economics 6, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2519-4739.2021.6.1.90-98.
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The article’s objectives are to reveal the general tendency in the global investment climate within the fintech industry and introduce the grouping approach for countries based on distinctive characteristics of local fintech and economic environments. Moreover, the paper results can be used as recommendations for local regulators in terms of the fintech industry development, which is a vital force for enhancing the competitiveness level of the countries in the context of world economic uncertainty.Statistics method is used to perform the investment activities and investment structure overview with a close look at three regions: Americas, EMEA (Europe, the Middle East, and Africa), and the Asia Pacific. The results indicate the largest role of the America region, the smallest – of the Asia-Pacific region, and two main trends in the investment structure by the nature of deals, the first with a predominance of M&A deals and the second with a high venture investments part.Another applied approach is clustering analysis. It is used to group the countries by the set of characteristics, which reflect the general economic conditions and innovation capacity in the financial sector of different countries from the general population. The clustering results give a snapshot of six groups of countries. The group with the highest results is called FinTech Olympus and consists of countries such as the USA, UK, and Singapore. The worst results were shown by the Fintech Jungle group represented by Kenya, Lebanon, Egypt, Uganda, Pakistan, Ghana, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and Ukraine. The other countries are grouped in four more clusters with research names – FinTech periphery, Asian-European, FinTech middle class, and Major players. Local regulators, for example, the National Bank of Ukraine, can further consider the results of clustering for maintaining fintech development policy to benefit the economy in general.In such conditions, the main tasks for the Ukrainian government are the improvement of business climate and fintech ecosystem development with the further discovery of their impact on the country’s competitiveness in an unstable economic environment in the short and long term. JEL classіfіcatіon: C40, G19, G20
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Pottgiesser, Uta, and Wido Quist. "Shared Heritage Africa." Docomomo Journal, no. 69 (December 15, 2023): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/docomomo.69.ed.
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Docomomo International is proud to present the results of the international project Shared Heritage Africa: Rediscovering Masterpieces and other selected papers from our call for papers Shared Heritage Africa – Campuses, published in December 2022. The SHA project itself, coordinated by Docomomo Germany, focused on rediscovering post-war modern buildings from the 1950s-1980s in the partner countries Ghana, Nigeria, Uganda, and Rwanda. This period of independence from colonial rule, from the United Kingdom (Ghana 1957, Nigeria 1960, and Uganda 1962) and from Belgium (Rwanda 1962), has a great socio-political significance and influence on the educational systems and buildings. The rediscovery of this heritage focuses on exploring the values, challenges, and opportunities through the eyes of their contemporary users. Concentrating on the post-war modern buildings constructed after independence from colonial rule, the project celebrated projects that are situated at the periphery of the architectural discourse and, therefore, seldom documented despite their social, economic, and political significance.This Docomomo journal highlights the importance of the combination of local workshops, including student writing and photography workshops, exhibitions and ‘digital fellowships’ using the internet for dissemination. Exploratory interviews and narratives are used to collect testimonies of contemporary users⎯applied in the SHA project as well as in the other articles. Aspects discussed are, among others, the physical; deterioration (technical, functional, social), the cosmological; through the sense of identity, community, place attachment, maintenance and taking care, ownership and appropriation, and the environmental; considering the quality, and sustainability of spaces, and also conditions of comfort and satisfaction. While the method is in development, preliminary conclusions can already be sketched. The written, visual, and digital documentation of the built cultural heritage of Africa is a prerequisite for sustainable urban and social development. The approach builds upon African and international Docomomo initiatives and identifies students and young professionals as important groups to develop social, cultural, and political awareness and to further advance participatory tools.Most relevant were the partners in and from Africa who helped with their networks in Ghana, Nigeria, Uganda, and Rwanda during the excursions and exhibitions: Ola Uduku (University of Liverpool), Taibat Lawanson (University of Lagos) are well-known and respected for their research on education buildings and urban development in Africa. Their commitment to the younger generations and the (built) heritage of Africa and their enthusiasm were instrumental to the achievements of the SHA project. Kuukuwa Manful from Docomomo Accra Chapter in Ghana finished her dissertation within the ERC program ‘African State Architecture’ during the project duration, and Mark Olweny (Uganda Martyrs University) in Kampala, Uganda, greatly supported the visit to Uganda and Rwanda. The photography and writing workshops and exhibitions were strongly supported by the project partners, namely photographer Jean Molitor, who has initiated his own art project ‘bau1haus’, is experienced in setting up exhibitions and shared his knowledge enthusiastically with the SHA-Fellows. Christian Burkhard brought in the competence of Architectuul, an architectural platform that, through its co-workers in various countries, forms an international architecture community. Finally, Anica Dragutinovic (TH OWL) coordinated the contact amongst the SHA-Fellows from the very beginning and during their visits to Europe to the 17th International Docomomo Conference in Valencia in 2022 and to the 19th Docomomo Germany Conference in Frankfurt 2023. Three exhibitions were organized: in Lagos in 2022, in Kampala and in Frankfurt in 2023.We also like to thank the members of the SHA project’s Advisory board: Ana Tostoes (University of Lisbon), Iain Jackson (University of Liverpool), Irene Appeaning Addo (University of Ghana), Kaija Voss (Architectural Historian), and Tino Mager (ICOMOS Germany).Finally, we are grateful to the German Federal Foreign Ministry that supported the project with a grant (AZ99210073) from 2021-2023, and it is with great pleasure that we are launching this issue of the Docomomo journal, published both in print and online via www.docomomojournal.com.
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Jeníček, V., and V. Krepl. "Development assistance ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 5 (February 17, 2012): 209–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5018-agricecon.
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Development assistance achieved remarkable success in different periods. For example, Botswana and South Korea reached the great development in the 60s after very bad situation, Indonesia in the 70s, Bolivia and Ghana at the end of the 80s, Uganda and Vietnam in the 90s. In these countries development assistance played important role in economic transformation in formulation of the development of politics. The development assistance contributed educational programs and financially supported the development of public sector. The “Green Revolution” – by means of innovations in agriculture, investments and political changes – improved the live conditions of millions people thanks to the collaboration of many bilateral and multilateral donors. But there are some failures with the foreign aide. While the formed dictator of Zaire Mobutu Sese Seko became one of the richest people in the world (and invested his property in abroad), the development assistance did not stop for many years, Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of Congo) is only one example of the situation, where the permanent flows of assistance ignore or support the corruption and in suitable politics of governments. Tanzania received two milliards dollars for building the roads destiny the twenty years. But the roads were destroyed sooner, than the works could be finished because of insufficient maintenance. The study of World Bank brings the conclusions of the new conception of the development assistance: financial assistance works only in suitable political world; the lowering of poverty is possible only with working institutions – political and economic; effective assistance complete the private investments; receiving country is obliged to have public sector in function; the function of public sector is developing on the activity of civil society; patience and good ideas, not only money, can help to reforms in very unfavorable conditions.
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Babyenda, Peter, Jane Kabubo-Mariara, and Sule Odhiambo. "Climate variability and agricultural productivity in Uganda." African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 18, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 14–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53936/afjare.2023.18(1).3.
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Uganda’s climate is changing in terms of rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns, leading to extreme meteorological conditions such as prolonged drought, floods and landslides. Yet the majority (68%) of Ugandans rely largely on rain-fed agriculture, which is affected by climate variability. This study therefore investigates the effect of climate variability on agricultural productivity in Uganda by combining long-term climate data, sourced from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and six waves of the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) spanning the period 2009 to 2019. Trends and the regression analysis estimated with panel data confirm the existence of climate variability, as well as the vulnerability of farming households across Uganda. The empirical results indicate a significant U-shaped impact of precipitation variability on agricultural productivity. This tends to suggest that, as variability in precipitation intensifies, farming households will adapt to the changing precipitation and thereby improve their productivity. The regional and crop-specific analysis show that, relative to other regions of the country, Eastern Uganda is likely to be the region affected the most, while beans and banana are likely to be affected more by climate variability compared to other crops such as maize and cassava. The study thus recommends measures aimed at encouraging farmers to adapt and increase agricultural productivity. There is a need to strengthen the provision of extension services and inform farmers about climate variability