Relevant bibliographies by topics / Uk'37

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Uk'37'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Uk'37"

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Steinke, Stephan, Markus Kienast, Uwe Pflaumann, Mara Weinelt, and Karl Stattegger. "A High-Resolution Sea-Surface Temperature Record from the Tropical South China Sea (16,500–3000 yr B.P.)." Quaternary Research 55, no. 3 (May 2001): 352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2001.2235.

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AbstractThe timing and magnitude of sea-surface temperature (SST) changes in the tropical southern South China Sea (SCS) during the last 16,500 years have been reconstructed on a high-resolution, 14C-dated sediment core using three different foraminiferal transfer functions (SIMMAX28, RAM, FP-12E) and geochemical (Uk′37) SST estimates. In agreement with CLIMAP reconstructions, both the FP-12E and the Uk′37 SST estimates show an average late glacial–interglacial SST difference of 2.0°C, whereas the RAM and SIMMAX28 foraminiferal transfer functions show only a minor (0.6°C) or no consistent late glacial–interglacial SST change, respectively. Both the Uk′37 and the FP-12E SST estimates, as well as the planktonic foraminiferal δ18O values, indicate an abrupt warming (ca. 1°C in <200 yr) at the end of the last glaciation, synchronous (within dating uncertainties) with the Bølling transition as recorded in the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core, whereas the RAM-derived deglacial SST increase appears to lag during this event by ca. 500 yr. The similarity in abruptness and timing of the warming associated with the Bølling transition in Greenland and the southern SCS suggest a true synchrony of the Northern Hemisphere warming at the end of the last glaciation. In contrast to the foraminiferal transfer function estimates that do not indicate any consistent cooling associated with the Younger Dryas (YD) climate event in the tropical SCS, the Uk′37 SST estimates show a cooling of ca. 0.2–0.6°C compared to the Bølling–Allerød period. These Uk′37 SST estimates from the southern SCS argue in favor of a Northern Hemisphere-wide, synchronous cooling during the YD period.
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Ho, Sze Ling, and Thomas Laepple. "Glacial cooling as inferred from marine temperature proxies TEXH86 and UK′37." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 409 (January 2015): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.10.033.

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Rosell-Melé, Antoni, and Fredrick G. Prahl. "Seasonality of UK′37 temperature estimates as inferred from sediment trap data." Quaternary Science Reviews 72 (July 2013): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.04.017.

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Jaques, H. "UK doctors vote on industrial action for first time in 37 years." BMJ 344, may15 3 (May 15, 2012): e3457-e3457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e3457.

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Rodrigo-Gámiz, M., S. W. Rampen, H. de Haas, M. Baas, S. Schouten, and J. S. Sinninghe Damsté. "Constraints on the applicability of the organic temperature proxies U<sup>K'</sup><sub>37</sub>, TEX<sub>86</sub> and LDI in the subpolar region around Iceland." Biogeosciences 12, no. 22 (November 19, 2015): 6573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6573-2015.

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Abstract. Subpolar regions are key areas for studying natural climate variability due to their high sensitivity to rapid environmental changes, particularly through sea surface temperature (SST) variations. Here, we have tested three independent organic temperature proxies (UK'37; TEX86; and the long-chain diol index, LDI) regarding their potential applicability for SST reconstruction in the subpolar region around Iceland. UK'37, TEX86 and TEXL86 temperature estimates from suspended particulate matter showed a substantial discrepancy with instrumental data, while long-chain alkyl diols were below the detection limit at most of the stations. In the northern Iceland Basin, sedimenting particles revealed a seasonality in lipid fluxes, i.e., high fluxes of alkenones and glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) were measured during late spring and during summer and high fluxes of long-chain alkyl diols during late summer. The flux-weighted average temperature estimates had a significant negative (ca. 2.3 °C for UK'37) and positive (up to 5 °C for TEX86) offset with satellite-derived SSTs and temperature estimates derived from the underlying surface sediment. UK'37 temperature estimates from surface sediments around Iceland correlate well with summer mean sea surface temperatures, while TEX86-derived temperatures correspond with both annual and winter mean 0–200 m temperatures, suggesting a subsurface temperature signal. Anomalous LDI-SST values in surface sediments and low mass flux of 1,13- and 1,15-diols compared to 1,14-diols suggest that Proboscia diatoms are the major sources of long-chain alkyl diols in this area rather than eustigmatophyte algae, and therefore the LDI cannot be applied in this region.
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Rodrigo-Gámiz, M., S. W. Rampen, H. de Haas, M. Baas, S. Schouten, and J. S. Sinninghe Damsté. "Constraints on the applicability of the organic temperature proxies U<sup>K'</sup><sub>37</sub>, TEX<sub>86</sub> and LDI in the subpolar region around Iceland." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 2 (January 16, 2015): 1113–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-1113-2015.

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Abstract. Subpolar regions are key areas to study natural climate variability due to their high sensitivity to rapid environmental changes, particularly through sea surface temperature (SST) variations. Here, we have tested three independent organic temperature proxies (UK'37, TEX86 and LDI) on their potential applicability for SST reconstruction in the subpolar region around Iceland. UK'37, TEX86 and TEXL86 temperature estimates from suspended particulate matter result in a substantial discrepancy with instrumental data, while long chain alkyl diols were below detection limit in most of the stations. In the northern Iceland basin sedimenting particles revealed a seasonality in lipid fluxes similar to that in the bulk flux and the net primary production, i.e. highest flux of alkenones and GDGTs were measured during late spring-summer, and late summer for long chain alkyl diols. The flux-weighted average temperature estimates had a significant negative (ca. 2.3 °C for UK'37) and positive (up to 5 °C for TEX86) offset with satellite-derived SSTs and the temperature derived from the underlying surface sediment. In contrast, sedimentary UK'37 estimates temperatures around Iceland correlate well with summer mean temperatures, while TEX86 derived temperatures correspond well with either annual or winter mean 0–200 m temperatures, suggesting a subsurface temperature signal. Anomalous LDI-SST values in surface sediments, and low mass flux of 1,13- and 1,15-diols compared to 1,14-diols, suggest that Proboscia diatom is the major source of long chain alkyl diols in this area rather than eustigmatophyte algae, and therefore the LDI cannot be applied in this region.
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Sikes, Elisabeth L., and John K. Volkman. "Calibration of alkenone unsaturation ratios (Uk'37) for paleotemperature estimation in cold polar waters." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 57, no. 8 (April 1993): 1883–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90120-l.

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Hooley, Tristram, Kieran Bentley, and John Marriott. "Entrepreneurship and UK Doctoral Graduates." Industry and Higher Education 25, no. 3 (June 2011): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2011.0044a.

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This paper discusses the experience of UK doctoral graduates in pursuing entrepreneurial careers: there is evidence that this applies to a substantial number – about 10% – of doctoral graduates. The nature of their experience was explored using 37 interviews with doctoral entrepreneurs. The research was funded by Vitae ( www.vitae.ac.uk ), an organization championing the personal, professional and career development of doctoral researchers and research staff in UK higher education. The stories that the participants tell suggest that doctoral entrepreneurship develops out of a complex interaction between the personality and skills of the entrepreneurs and the environment in which they operate. In particular, the authors argue that the participants have mobilized a mix of financial, social and educational capital in order to create and sustain their enterprises successfully.
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Sawhney, Vinit, Guilia Domenichini, James Gamble, Guy Furniss, Dimitrios Panagopoulos, Guy Haywood, Kim Rajappan, et al. "37 Thromboembolic events in left ventricular endocardial pacing: long-term outcomes from a multicentre uk registry." Heart 103, Suppl 5 (June 2017): A30.1—A30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311726.37.

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Hart, David A., Carol Reno, Thomas Louie, and Wallace Krulicki. "Staphylococcus aureus strains differ in their in vitro responsiveness to human urokinase: evidence that methicillin-resistant strains are predominately nonresponsive to the growth-enhancing effects of urokinase." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 42, no. 10 (October 1, 1996): 1024–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m96-131.

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Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were found to exhibit strain-specific heterogeneity to the growth-enhancing effects of human urokinase (UK), a proteinase with plasminogen activator activity. Nine out of fourteen (64%) methicillin-sensitive strains of S. aureus were responsive to UK in "in vitro" cultures. In contrast, 3/29 (10%) methicillin-resistant strains were responsive to the proteinase. When only strains isolated from western Canada were considered, 6/11 methicillin-sensitive strains and 1/26 methicillin-resistant strains were responsive to UK. The single western Canadian methicillin-resistant strain (strain 456) responsive to UK was one of two isolated from the same patient, indicating that the two strains were phenotypically different. Strain 456, resistant to 32 μg mefhicillin/mL, was responsive to as little as 50 U UK/mL and enhancement of growth was evident by 9 h of incubation at 37 °C. This growth enhancement was specific to UK and not duplicated by equivalent concentrations of other proteins (bovine serum albumin, trypsin, plasminogen). The results presented indicate differences in the frequency of the UK-responsive phenotype between methicillin-sensitive and -resistant S. aureus. These findings indicate that the UK phenotype of S. aureus may have utility in both phenotyping clinical isolates, as well as providing insights into the regulation of growth in this clinically important organism.Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, growth, urokinase, methicillin resistance.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Uk'37"

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Plancq, Julien. "Identification des producteurs d’alcénones dans le registre sédimentaire du Cénozoïque : implications pour l’utilisation des proxys de paléo-température (UK’ 37) et de paléo-pCO2 (ɛp37 : 2)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10037/document.

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Les alcénones sont largement utilisées comme proxys pour estimer des températures d’eaux de surface océanique ou des pressions partielles de CO2 (pCO2) dans des périodes anciennes. Dans les océans actuels, ces cétones à longues chaînes carbonées sont essentiellement produites par les coccolithophoridés Emiliania huxleyi et Gephyrocapsa oceanica. Il existe toutefois un écart temporel important entre le premier enregistrement sédimentaire des alcénones au Crétacé (~120 Ma) et la première apparition des producteurs actuels (< 2 Ma). Il apparaît donc essentiel d’identifier les producteurs anciens d’alcénones afin d’assurer la fiabilité des proxys environnementaux basés sur ces biomarqueurs pour les périodes préquaternaires. Cette thèse présente trois cas d’étude correspondant à des périodes clés de l’évolution de la famille des Noëlaerhabdaceae, qui comprend les ancêtres cénozoïques des producteurs actuels d’alcénones. La comparaison entre le contenu en alcénones (distribution et concentrations) et les abondances relatives et absolues des différentes espèces de Noëlaerhabdaceae dans des sédiments marins datant de l’Eocène-Oligocène (35-31 Ma), del’Oligocène-Miocène (25-16 Ma) et du Pliocène supérieur (3,6-2,6 Ma) montre que,contrairement aux hypothèses précédentes, Reticulofenestra n’était pas le seul genre responsable de la production d’alcénones au Cénozoïque. Les résultats démontrent également qu’il est essentiel d’identifier avec précision les producteurs et la taille de leur cellule pour les estimations de pCO2. Au contraire, l’identification formelle des producteurs ne semble pas indispensable pour obtenir des estimations de températures cohérentes
Alkenones have been widely used as proxies for the reconstruction of sea surface temperatures and of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in ancient periods. In modern oceans, these long-chain ketones are mainly produced by the coccolithophores Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica. However, there is a huge gap between the first record of alkenonesin the Cretaceous (~120 Ma) and the first occurrence of the modern alkenone producers (< 2Ma). Thus, it seems crucial to identify ancient alkenone producers to ensure the applicability of environmental proxies based on these biomarkers in pre-Quaternary sediments. In this PhD thesis, three case studies are considered corresponding to key periods in the evolution history of the Noelaerhabdaceae family, which includes the Cenozoic ancestors of modern alkenone producers. The comparison between alkenone contents (distribution and concentrations) andNoelaerhabdaceae species-specific relative and absolute abundances in marine sedimentsdating back to the Eocene-Oligocene (35-31 Ma), the Oligocene-Miocene (25-16 Ma) and thelate Pliocene (3.6-2.6 Ma) shows that, contrary to common assumptions, Reticulofenestra was not the only genus responsible for alkenone production during the Cenozoic. Results also underscore the importance of a careful identification of alkenone producers and of their cellsize for pCO2 reconstructions for pre-Quaternary periods. On the contrary, the identificationof producers does not seem essential to obtain consistent paleo-temperature estimates
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Darfeuil, Sophie. "Vers une meilleure compréhension des paléothermomètres moléculaires Uk'37 et TEX86 : apports d'une double approche données-modèles appliquée à la marge ibérique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4363/document.

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L’objectif de ma thèse est de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de deux proxies de température de surface de l’océan (SST), les indices Uk’37 et TEX86, notamment en terme de saison et de profondeur de production des alcènones et des tétraéthers sur lesquels ils reposent, au cours des 160 000 dernières années au niveau de la marge ibérique. L’originalité de ce projet de thèse réside dans sa double approche, avec d’une part l’acquisition des enregistrements sédimentaires, et d’autre part l’utilisation d’un outil de modélisation régionale couplée physique-biogéochimie pour simuler ces proxies sous 3 modes climatiques : au présent, lors du dernier maximum glaciaire, et lors d’événements de Heinrich. La confrontation des résultats des biomarqueurs avec ceux de tests de scénarios de production par la modélisation ont conduit aux conclusions suivantes. L’Uk’37 enregistre bien des SSTs moyennes annuelles, alors que le TEX86 présente a priori des températures beaucoup trop élevées pour cette zone. La formulation d’une calibration régionale pour le TEX86 permet d’obtenir des SSTs moyennes annuelles cohérentes. Le meilleur endroit de la marge ibérique pour appliquer ces deux paléothermomètres est le site de Shackleton. Après analyse fine des timings des signaux multiproxies, le TEX86 semble être produit à des profondeurs intermédiaires, potentiellement par des communautés d’Archées d’origine méditerranéenne. Les variations de gradients thermiques latitudinaux ont été quantifiées, et des réorganisations de masses d’eaux de surface et intermédiaire au niveau de la marge ibérique ont été envisagées selon le climat glaciaire/interglaciaire lors des évènements de type Heinrich
My PhD project aims at better understanding the functioning of both organic proxies of sea surface temperature (SST), Uk’37 and TEX86, especially in terms of season and depth of alkenone and tetraether production, over the last 160 000 years on the Iberian Margin. The originality of this project lies in its double approach: on the one hand, with the acquisition of Uk’37 and TEX86 sedimentary records from the Iberian Margin, and on the other hand with the use of a coupled physics-biogeochemistry regional model to simulate these temperature proxies for 3 climate modes: at present, during the last glacial maximum, and during Heinrich Stadials. The comparison of biomarker results with those from modeling tests of production scenarios provided the following conclusions. Uk’37 does record annual mean SSTs, whereas TEX86 shows a priori too high temperature for this area. The formulation of a regional calibration for TEX86 index enables to obtain coherent past annual mean SSTs. The best location to apply both paleothermometers on the Iberian Margin is the Shackleton site. After refined analysis of multiproxy signal timings, TEX86 production seems to take place at intermediate depth, potentially by archaean communities coming from the Mediterranean Sea. Latitudinal thermal gradient variations are quantified, and glacial/interglacial surface and intermediate water masses reorganizations during 'Heinrich like' events are considered
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Collins, Declan. "Factors predicting patient outcomes in a UK Burn's Unit : the influence of Acinetobacter baumannii and the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in burn wounds." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8716.

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Sepsis and multi-organ failure are the most frequently reported causes of death in burn injuries. Their early identification allows therapies and resources to be targeted in a more effective and efficient way. Due to its frequent antibiotic drug resistance Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) is increasingly causing a problem in burns units. New strategies need to be found to combat infection and sepsis in the burn ICU. This study examines the potential of the Albumin Creatinine Ratio, a marker of systemic endothelial dysfunction in predicting outcomes, sepsis and multi-organ failure; the role of Acinetobacter in causing organ failure; and explores for the presence of the cathelicidin, LL-37 in the burn wound and examines it potential utility for treating infection and sepsis. It was found that ACR on admission and at 48 hours is predictive of patient outcomes and the development of sepsis, and may be of use predicting multi-organ failure. Multi-organ failure occurs more frequently in MRAB patients compared to those patients with drug sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii. The number of agency nursing staff and work intensity are possible contributing factors in MRAB acquisition. LL-37 has been found in both acute burn wounds as well as in the grafted healing burn wound and is active against drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. ACR can therefore identify those patients at risk of sepsis and may have a role in predicting multi-organ failure. MRAB acquisition in the burns intensive care unit is a significant cause for concern as patients are more likely to suffer from multi-organ failure as well as prolonging their hospital stay and resulting in poorer outcomes. LL-37 has many functions and importantly plays a role in the body’s innate immune system. In the era of increasing antibiotic resistance it may provide a novel therapeutic role in treating MRAB infection.
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Chen, Wenwen [Verfasser], Gesine [Akademischer Betreuer] Mollenhauer, and Heiko [Akademischer Betreuer] Pälike. "Temperature reconstructions for the Eastern Indian Ocean based on organic-geochemical proxies (UK' 37 and TEX86) / Wenwen Chen. Betreuer: Gesine Mollenhauer. Gutachter: Gesine Mollenhauer ; Heiko Pälike." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1094955922/34.

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Books on the topic "Uk'37"

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Authority, Financial Services. Response to consultation paper 37: The transfer of the UK listing authority to the FSA. London: Financial Services Authority, 2000.

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Fish.& Food, Min.of Agriculture. Dietary Intake of Food Additives in the Uk: Initial Surveillance (Food Surveillance Paper No 37). Stationery Office, 1993.

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French, Derek. Mayson, French & Ryan on Company Law. 37th ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198870029.001.0001.

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Mayson, French & Ryan on Company Law looks at all aspects of current UK company law. The 37th edition continues the tradition of providing accurate technical detail, examination of theory, and quotations from key cases. The volume starts with an overview of the topic. Next it looks at the establishment of companies. It moves on to consider finance which includes an examination of shares, accounts, loans, market abuse, capital and borrowing. The next part of the text considers governance. It looks at shareholders, directors, duties of directors, company secretaries and auditors, remedies and acting for a company. The last part of the text examines insolvency and liquidation.
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Book chapters on the topic "Uk'37"

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Rosell, A., J. Grimalt, and G. Eglinton. "Organic Compounds as Proxy-Indicators of Sea Surface Palaeotemperature: The Uk 37 Index." In Long-Term Climatic Variations, 239–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79066-9_9.

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Jones, Bill. "The politics of law and order." In Politics UK, 618–38. 10th ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003028574-37.

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Goode, David. "Recent examples of colonization and adaptation by birds in UK towns and cities." In The Routledge Handbook of Urban Ecology, 439–51. Other titles: Handbook of urban ecology Description: Second Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429506758-37.

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Stilwell, Cecilia, David Walker, Julien Bazelle, Giacomo Stanzani, and Jess Florey. "Retrospective evaluation of UK dogs with detrusor-urethral dyssynergy (37 cases)." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2020, 438. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443774.60.5.

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Smithers, Andrew. "Poor Productivity and Damaging Demography." In Productivity and the Bonus Culture, 18–22. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836117.003.0003.

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Over the past decade the slowdown in growth has reduced UK GDP by 20 per cent and US by 18 per cent. The contributions to this decline are calculated from changes in the population of working age, unemployment, participation rates, hours worked, and labour productivity. This shows that the deterioration in productivity caused 102 per cent of the slowdown in the growth of GDP for the UK and 65 per cent for the US, and the changes in demography caused 15 per cent of the slowdown in the UK and 37 per cent in the US. At least 100 per cent of this decline was therefore caused by damaging changes in demography and productivity. Changes in unemployment, participation rates, and hours worked offset some of the deterioration in demography in the UK but had almost no combined impact in the US.
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Craig, Paul, and Gráinne de Búrca. "20. Free Movement of Goods: Quantitative Restrictions." In EU Law, 699–755. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198856641.003.0020.

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All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter considers Articles 34-37 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Article 34 is the central provision and states that: ‘quantitative restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibited between Member States’. Article 35 contains similar provisions relating to exports, while Article 36 provides an exception for certain cases in which a state is allowed to place restrictions on the movement of goods. The European Court of Justice’s interpretation of Articles 34-37 has been important in achieving single market integration. It has given a broad interpretation to the phrase ‘measures having equivalent effect’ to a quantitative restriction (MEQR), and has construed the idea of discrimination broadly to capture both direct and indirect discrimination. The UK version contains a further section analysing issues concerning free movement of goods between the EU and the UK post-Brexit.
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Craig, Paul, and Gráinne de Búrca. "20. Free Movement of Goods: Quantitative Restrictions." In EU Law, 725–82. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198859840.003.0020.

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All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter considers Articles 34-37 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Article 34 is the central provision and states that: ‘quantitative restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibited between Member States’. Article 35 contains similar provisions relating to exports, while Article 36 provides an exception for certain cases in which a state is allowed to place restrictions on the movement of goods. The European Court of Justice’s interpretation of Articles 34-37 has been important in achieving single market integration. It has given a broad interpretation to the phrase ‘measures having equivalent effect’ to a quantitative restriction (MEQR), and has construed the idea of discrimination broadly to capture both direct and indirect discrimination. The UK version contains a further section analysing issues concerning free movement of goods between the EU and the UK post-Brexit.
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Radebe, Gugulethu. "Desire." In Africa, UK, and Ireland, 181. Mwanaka Media and Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh9vxck.37.

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"Management consultants in the UK." In Team Development Manual, 173. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315241715-37.

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Devanny, David. "Speaking with machines and machines that speak." In Spoken WORD in the UK, 399–410. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429330223-37.

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Conference papers on the topic "Uk'37"

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Isihara, Hana L., Haley E. Mauriello, Kira T. Lawrence, Isla S. Castañeda, and Laura C. Peterson. "A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE CONSISTENCY OF NEOGENE SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ESTIMATES FROM THE UK’37 AND TEX86 PALEOTHERMOMETERS." In Joint 52nd Northeastern Annual Section and 51st North-Central Annual GSA Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017ne-290708.

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Gurewich, V., J. Black, and R. Pannell. "A MECHANISM FOR THE POTENTIATING EFFECT OF UROKINASE (UK) OR TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR (t-PA) ON CLOT LYSIS BY PRO-UROKINASE (PRO-UK)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644414.

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Pro-UK has been shown to selectively activate fibrin-bound plasminogen (Blood 67:1215, '86). Synergism with t-PA has been postulated to be related to t-PA's rapid induction of plasmin generation which exposes new plasminogen binding sites on fibrin (JBC Harpel et al 260:4432, '85). As a result, more substrate is made available for pro-UK, thereby attenuating its lag phase and greatly potentiating its fibrinolytic effect (Thrombos. Res. 44:217, '86). This hypothesis was tested with UK, which has a rapid onset of action similar to t-PA. In vitro lysis (125I-clots suspended in citrate plasma), by UK (0.05-0.2 μg/ml) plus pro-UK (0.8-0.95 μg/ml) was compared with that of UK or pro-UK alone. Marked potentiation consistent with synergism by UK was found. For example, 0.1 μg/ml UK plus 0.9 μg/ml pro-UK induced clot lysis equivalent to that of 1.25 μg/ml pro-UK or 1.50 μg/ml UK alone using either 50% or 100% clot lysis as end points. Similar findings were obtained when clots were exposed to these concentrations of UK and pro-UK sequentially instead of simultaneously. For this, a clot suspended in plasma was incubated (37°C) for 1 h. with UK, then removed and suspended in fresh plasma (3 ml) for 1 h. after which pro-UK was added. In another set of experiments, a radiolabeled clot was incubated in buffer containing plasmin (2 μg/ml) for 20 min. ( <1% lysis), then transferred to plasma and incubated for 30 min., after which pro-UK (0.8-1.0 μg/ml) or t-PA (0.04 μg/ml) was added. Plasmin pretreatment of clots caused marked potentiation of lysis by pro-UK but did not potentiate t-PA. This potentiation of clot lysis by plasmin pretreatment was nullified by treatment of clots with carboxypeptidase-B, to remove lysine residues.It was concluded that UK potentiates pro-UK induced clot lysis by exposing plasminogen binding sites on fibrin according to the mechanism postulated above for t-PA. The potentiating effect of UK on pro-UK appears to be analogous to that of t-PA and may also be defined as being synergistic.
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3

Bookwala, Kamal, Kira T. Lawrence, Devon Gorbey, and Stella C. Woodard. "A COMPARISON OF RESULTS FROM UK’37 AND MG/CA PALEOTHERMOMETERS IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN DURING THE PLIOCENE (2.7-3.4 MA)." In 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-327915.

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4

Angles-Cano, E., R. Pannell, and V. Gurewich. "FIBRIN-BINDING STUDIES OF PRO-UROKINASE (PRO-UK) USING SOLID PHASE FIBRIN PLATES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642904.

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Pro-UK is a single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) which has fibrin selective thrombolytic properties. However, quantitative data on pro-UK binding to fibrin and on the mechanism of its fibrin enhanced activation of plasminogen have been difficult to obtain. In the present study, a well defined fibrin network constructed on glutaraldehyde-activated PVC plates (Anal. Biochem. 153 : 201-210, 1986) and highly purified pro-UK (99 % scu-PA) were used. Binding was investigated as follows : varying dilutions of pro-UK in the presence of a trace amount of I-labeled pro-UK in buffer without or with glu-plasminogen, plasmin or oC -thrombin and in urine, plasma or serum, were incubated overnight at 4°C and then 2 h at 37°C in the fibrin plates. After washing, the wells were cut out and counted in a gamma-counter. The labeled pro-UK and the effect of enzymes on scu-PA were investigated by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. In parallel experiments, the activity of the fibrin bound and unbound products was investigated spectrophotometrically by adding glu-plasminogen and a synthetic substrate selective for plasmin. The binding of pro-UK to fibrin was 1.7 ± 0.1 % in buffer and 0.2 ± 0.08 % in plasma, as determined from isotopic and spectro-photometric measurements. This binding is similar to that of (0.13 ± 0.05%) two-chain urokinase (plasmin-transformed scu-PA), but is extremely low compared to the specific binding of tPA (68 - 4%). By contrast, in urine, 11.2 ± 4.47 % binding of pro-UK to fibrin was observed. Thrombin did not modify the binding but transformed scu-PA into a two-chain molecule which had lost activity. These data indicate that pro-UK has little affinity for fibrin under these conditions but that some binding may be induced by a co-factor which is present in urine. Confirmation that thrombin degrades scu-PA was obtained and it is suggested that this effect may help to regulate fibrinolysis.
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5

Kiso, U., H. Kaudewitz, A. Henschen, B. Åstedt, E. K. O. Kruithof, and F. Bachmann. "DETERMINATION OF INTERMEDIATES, PRODUCTS AND CLEAVAGE SITE IN THE REACTION BETWEEN PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 2 (PAI 2) AND UROKINASES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642809.

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Several specific inhibitors for both urokinase-type and tissue-type plasminogen activators have in recent years been isolated from various organs and cell lines. The inhibitors isolated from human placenta and from the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937 have been shown to be immunologically related.They are denoted as plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI 2). It has earlier been demonstrated by gel electrophoresis that during the inhibition reaction at first complexes are formed between activator and inhibitor and then the inhibitor is cleaved and the complex can be dissociated.In the present study the reactions between urokinase aijd PAI 2 were analysed by means of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and SDS-polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis (PAGE). Both high-molecular-weight (54 kDa) and low-molecular weight (33 kDa) urokinase (UK) were used. The PAI 2 was derived from placenta and from U-937 cells. It has a molecular size of L5 kDa. Equimolar amounts of UK and PAI 2 were incubated for 15 min at room temperature. On HPLC and SDS-PAGE analysis new components, corresponding to the UK-PAI 2-complexes, appeared and both UK and PAI 2 disappeared. The apparent sizes of the complexes were approx. 82 kDa and 62 kDa, depending on the type of UK used. The HPLC retention times of the complexes were higher than those of UK or PAI 2. The complexes were stable under the conditions employed for the analyses, but could be completely dissociated by incubation for 1 h at pH 10 and 37°. The released UK behaved identical with the UK starting material. However, the released PAI 2 had decreased in molecular size according to the PAGE analysis, and on HPLC an additional component appeared. As PAI 2 has a blocked N-terminus and the new component shows an N-terminal sequence it must correspond to the C-terminal part of PAI 2. The sequence defines thus the reactive site for the cleavage by the plasminogen activator.
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6

Krishnamurti, C., B. M. Alving, and D. G. Wright. "INDUCTION OF PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR AND PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR ACTIVITY DURING DIFFERENTIATION OF HL-60 CELLS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644390.

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While increased production of plasminogen activator(PA) has been associated with malignant growth and differentiation, the effect of cell maturation on plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) production has not yet been defined. We therefore determined the effect of phorbol myristate acetate(PMA), an agent that induces monocytoid cellular maturation, on the secretion of both PA and PAI in HL-60 cells, a promyelocytic leukemia cell line. Cells were seeded at 5x105/ml and grown in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C in a serum-free medium in the absence or presence of 1.6 nM PMA. Experiments were performed either in polypropylene tubes to which cells did not adhere, or in petri dishes that provided surfaces for cellular adherence. Supernatants were assayed for PA activity with a functional chromogenic assay using plasminogen and S-2251 with urokinase (UK) as a standard. PAI was measured by determining the inhibition of exogenous UK (0.05 U/ml final) after incubation with the supernatants at 22°C for 30 min. In the absence of PMA, supernatants of control cells grown in tubes or petri dishes had a PA activity of 2 mU/106 cells at 72 hr. After exposure to PMA for 72 hr, PA activity in supernatants of non-adherent cells grown in tubes increased 50-fold over control, while only an 8-fold increase was measured in supernatants of cells that had been incubated in petri dishes and allowed to undergo adherence. The PA had a Mr of 56 kD as determined by fibrin zymography, and functional activity was completely inhibited by antibodies to UK. While there was no inhibition of exogenous UK in supernatants of control cells grown in tubes or petri dishes, there was a 50% inhibition of UK added to the supernatants of the PMA-treated cells grown under non-adherent conditions in tubes. Inhibition of exogenous UK was 94% by supernatants from PMA-treated cells that had undergone adherence in petri dishes. The inhibitory activity was completely abolished by incubation of the supernatants with IgG purified from antiserum to PAI-2 (courtesy Dr. Kruithof). These data indicate that PMA induces the production of UK-like PA and also an inhibitor similar to PAI-2, which has been found in monocytes. Furthermore, the regulation of both PA and PAI production appears to depend on conditions that affect cellular adherence.
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7

Cummings, Richard, Amy Huntington, John Shevelan, Andrew J. Baker, Trevor Sumerling, and Frank Taylor. "Update on the Review of the LLWR 2011 Environmental Safety Case." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96036.

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The UK Low Level Waste Repository has submitted a fully revised Environmental Safety Case (ESC) to the Environment Agency for the continued operation of the site. The Environment Agency is reviewing the submission. As part of the review of the ESC, we have been engaging with the Environment Agency to answer questions and provide further clarification where required. Once the review is complete, LLWR will apply for a revised permit for the continued operation of the site. We are required by our current Permit to operate the site in accordance with the assumptions of the ESC. We have developed a process for the implementation and maintenance of the ESC as a ‘live’ safety case under formal change control, and the development of waste acceptance arrangements identified as necessary to ensure that the repository is operated in a safe and optimised way, consistent with the assumptions and results of the ESC. Engagement with waste consignors has been essential in the development of revised waste acceptance criteria. Additional work has also been carried out in the development of an Article 37 submission, presenting the ESC to local stakeholders and developing of waste emplacement strategies.
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8

Saeed, S., S. Javadzadeh, S. Clark, A. Kirupakaran, MZ Ullah, S. Aggarwal, and PB Frecker. "Abstract P3-03-37: A clinical evaluation of performing total axillary lymph node clearance in breast cancer patients after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in light of the ZOO11 randomised control trial, based at one centre in the UK." In Abstracts: 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 4-8, 2018; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-03-37.

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9

Nygaard, R., and M. Gutierrez. "Undrained Shear Behaviour of Some UK Mudrocks Explained By Petrology." In Annual Technical Meeting. Petroleum Society of Canada, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/99-37.

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10

Ratnapalan, Savithiri. "37 Leading and managing change in healthcare organizations." In Leaders in Healthcare Conference, Poster Abstracts, 4–6 November 2019, Birmingham, UK. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/leader-2019-fmlm.37.

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